150 lines
21 KiB
XML
150 lines
21 KiB
XML
<document id="F9699F2A5A89485A2D3A6A8A44361EA8" ENCODING="UTF-8" ID-GBIF-Dataset="7d843427-feac-45a6-9703-1b96cf801bf9" ModsDocID="z00439p001" checkinTime="1247046157903" checkinUser="thomas" docAuthor="Hernan López-Fernández & Donald C. Taphorn" docDate="2004" docId="38921260BCB248FB49FBE8E94CB3B88E" docLanguage="en" docName="2004_Lopez-Fernandez_Taphorn_gg1.xml" docOrigin="Zootaxa 439" docSource="http://www.zoobank.org/urn:lsid:zoobank.org:pub:0288D909-8064-4FFC-92EC-6FFB5FED25CD" docTitle="Geophagus Heckel" docType="treatment" docVersion="12" lastPageNumber="24" masterDocId="04E762E5FC96F3422FD7BDBCA8363FE0" masterDocTitle="Geophagus abalios, G. dicrozoster and G. winemilleri (Perciformes: Cichlidae), three new species from Venezuela." masterLastPageNumber="27" masterPageNumber="1" pageNumber="23" updateTime="1701313959035" updateUser="plazi">
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<mods:titleInfo id="A5B74B32E7D9F899EF585DBAC951DDA2">
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<mods:title id="270BECBCF59F09D405EA1561A314D974">Geophagus abalios, G. dicrozoster and G. winemilleri (Perciformes: Cichlidae), three new species from Venezuela.</mods:title>
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<mods:name id="71AB3363A136D3BC8F535C64A501CEED" type="personal">
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<mods:role id="20FCA267ACAD604B334F490206BB9C7D">
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<mods:roleTerm id="8D168DDADEAAD4C062464087BABF8D63">Author</mods:roleTerm>
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<mods:namePart id="07CE5F7E188F8AE4DF48B2617B170250">Hernan López-Fernández</mods:namePart>
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<mods:roleTerm id="E7D1C148F5DF3D57023BF9FEDE9FB0E7">Author</mods:roleTerm>
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<mods:namePart id="782CDF2D95835B48D7313849D398A466">Donald C. Taphorn</mods:namePart>
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<mods:typeOfResource id="E50362A79D39AF59A9EDD9B2AB639206">text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:title id="045A8C428FB9740C5F8FDE73BF2BF7A1">Zootaxa</mods:title>
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<mods:part id="938330AE80C8FC8DF6A24FD7F5C4ED45">
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<mods:date id="2E6EB692A1784097464BFEECFF46D2BC">2004</mods:date>
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<mods:detail id="F9E4915963845C10CB8597DC99EAD5C9" type="volume">
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<mods:number id="740F639B3E56CED2A34D61C0E065A12D">439</mods:number>
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<mods:url id="30CAB761394E41BB116315C334EF546A">http://www.zoobank.org/urn:lsid:zoobank.org:pub:0288D909-8064-4FFC-92EC-6FFB5FED25CD</mods:url>
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<mods:classification id="91D4D272A0D19E7F87EF7530DC47E47A">journal article</mods:classification>
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<treatment id="38921260BCB248FB49FBE8E94CB3B88E" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6269216" ID-GBIF-Taxon="100124486" ID-Zenodo-Dep="6269216" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:38921260BCB248FB49FBE8E94CB3B88E" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/38921260BCB248FB49FBE8E94CB3B88E" lastPageNumber="24" pageNumber="23">
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<subSubSection id="5C276992500FABF9E71D530CD52D0D03" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="BF6C3720F8635220690FF478B76FE2BC">
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[[
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<taxonomicName id="629829DCB83BCBD57CAA452123ED0950" ID-CoL="4MYZ" ID-ENA="13073" LSID-ZBK="urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:3211E178-02DC-46D1-8ACE-964198B34650" family="Cichlidae" genus="Geophagus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName-ZBK="Geophagus Heckel 1840:383" order="Perciformes" pageNumber="23" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">Geophagus Heckel</taxonomicName>
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]]
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="1DDD165E07A4128E678D9E12C460CB4C" type="discussion">
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<paragraph id="8C3B234FF80273CD4C837D27F158B5C0" pageNumber="23">Discussion</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="7BC4E0D531A47586A1F97472B617A1AF" pageNumber="23">
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We describe three species of
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<taxonomicName id="4C735C2AC423D4DF636AF63EBBAD4069" LSID-ZBK="urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:3211E178-02DC-46D1-8ACE-964198B34650" family="Cichlidae" genus="Geophagus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName-ZBK="Geophagus Heckel 1840:383" order="Perciformes" pageNumber="23" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">Geophagus</taxonomicName>
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from the
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<taxonomicName id="E68280520279005BC6DD6EBF7456ABC5" family="Cichlidae" genus="Geophagus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Perciformes" pageNumber="23" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="surinamensis">“surinamensis complex”</taxonomicName>
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, elevating the described species in the genus to fourteen, and the known Venezuelan species to six. The new species
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<taxonomicName id="313F54FCE3EAAE6A7F5D5C582023BB3F" LSID-ZBK="urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:01FF87F8-819F-483F-9792-B3D63BFBA4C5" family="Cichlidae" genus="Geophagus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName-ZBK="Geophagus abalios López-Fernández & Taphorn 2004:6" order="Perciformes" pageNumber="23" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="abalios">Geophagus abalios</taxonomicName>
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,
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<taxonomicName id="336EEC7DA2A97153D57C579383DF1EFF" LSID-ZBK="urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:AFD88FE1-96E2-4626-A247-6E0664E472D0" family="Cichlidae" genus="Geophagus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName-ZBK="Geophagus dicrozoster López-Fernández & Taphorn 2004:11" order="Perciformes" pageNumber="23" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="dicrozoster">G. dicrozoster</taxonomicName>
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and
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<taxonomicName id="462811F3914269911ED03BB56B3D81BC" LSID-ZBK="urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:9EB782D0-4623-4069-B517-C49B5C96F5EB" family="Cichlidae" genus="Geophagus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName-ZBK="Geophagus winemilleri López-Fernández & Taphorn 2004:17" order="Perciformes" pageNumber="23" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="winemilleri">G. winemilleri</taxonomicName>
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are diagnosable from species outside the
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<taxonomicName id="034308955FC577865D83E0F94F473287" family="Cichlidae" genus="Geophagus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Perciformes" pageNumber="23" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="surinamensis">G. surinamensis complex</taxonomicName>
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by the lack of a complete infraorbital stripe (Figs. 1, 2), which can be absent (
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<taxonomicName id="D839ED1549C18D9C10D8196CBA17177D" LSID-ZBK="urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:01FF87F8-819F-483F-9792-B3D63BFBA4C5" family="Cichlidae" genus="Geophagus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName-ZBK="Geophagus abalios López-Fernández & Taphorn 2004:6" order="Perciformes" pageNumber="23" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="abalios">G. abalios</taxonomicName>
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) or reduced to a preopercular mark (
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<taxonomicName id="66978A37E5F403C47FBEE17040C9EA59" LSID-ZBK="urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:AFD88FE1-96E2-4626-A247-6E0664E472D0" family="Cichlidae" genus="Geophagus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName-ZBK="Geophagus dicrozoster López-Fernández & Taphorn 2004:11" order="Perciformes" pageNumber="23" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="dicrozoster">G. dicrozoster</taxonomicName>
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,
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<taxonomicName id="1AEEB18390C40D5B0661F4E62CBEFFEA" LSID-ZBK="urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:9EB782D0-4623-4069-B517-C49B5C96F5EB" family="Cichlidae" genus="Geophagus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName-ZBK="Geophagus winemilleri López-Fernández & Taphorn 2004:17" order="Perciformes" pageNumber="23" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="winemilleri">G. winemilleri</taxonomicName>
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). The combination of coloration and squamation characters distinguishes the three species from each other, and from the other seven described species within the
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<taxonomicName id="A349691DAA86B2742FC539F02D161B6D" family="Cichlidae" genus="Geophagus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Perciformes" pageNumber="23" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="surinamensis">G. surinamensis complex</taxonomicName>
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(Fig. 2). Lateral bar patterns have been used as diagnostic characters in other genera of Neotropical cichlids, notably
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<taxonomicName id="2E257FC12278ED85A45EB266A97C0ED1" LSID-ZBK="urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:8A2CF960-D5AD-4BFE-BE50-7255CAF3B21C" family="Cichlidae" genus="Mesonauta" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName-ZBK="Mesonauta Günther 1862:300" order="Perciformes" pageNumber="23" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">Mesonauta</taxonomicName>
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(Kullander & Silfvergrip 1991; Schindler 1998) and
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<taxonomicName id="9AF257E2078CCE7836B2E4E58F2828D4" LSID-ZBK="urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:9152EB49-E410-440D-8E4A-B85D3AD54F42" family="Cichlidae" genus="Apistogramma" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName-ZBK="Apistogramma Regan 1913:282" order="Perciformes" pageNumber="23" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">Apistogramma</taxonomicName>
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(e.g. Kullander 1980). It is clear from the present paper that some species of
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<taxonomicName id="0512FAF117F0C41F96FCEE87B130B20F" LSID-ZBK="urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:3211E178-02DC-46D1-8ACE-964198B34650" family="Cichlidae" genus="Geophagus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName-ZBK="Geophagus Heckel 1840:383" order="Perciformes" pageNumber="23" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">Geophagus</taxonomicName>
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present well-defined and stable patterns of lateral bars, and these can be used as diagnostic characters. Color photographs of aquarium specimens suggest that double-bar patterns and the lack of a preopercular mark, as observed in
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<taxonomicName id="525EC5C288616D0D76D3AE3A1515F9DD" LSID-ZBK="urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:01FF87F8-819F-483F-9792-B3D63BFBA4C5" family="Cichlidae" genus="Geophagus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName-ZBK="Geophagus abalios López-Fernández & Taphorn 2004:6" order="Perciformes" pageNumber="23" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="abalios">G. abalios</taxonomicName>
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<taxonomicNameLabel id="AE303F1A7C3790D725D5BAC0C49BB42C" rank="species">n. sp.</taxonomicNameLabel>
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, occur together in yet undescribed species (e.g. Weidner 2000,
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<taxonomicName id="19F4E95CE74322B0F0581452FDDFA933" family="Cichlidae" genus="Geophagus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Perciformes" pageNumber="23" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="sp. "maicuru"">Geophagus sp. “Maicuru”</taxonomicName>
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,
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<taxonomicName id="7C352064D2626E6FC91EC2E5DAB5F802" family="Cichlidae" genus="Geophagus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Perciformes" pageNumber="23" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="sp. "porto franco"">G. sp. “Porto Franco”</taxonomicName>
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,
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<taxonomicName id="D73354773BE2D0FC070AD213C8486D04" family="Cichlidae" genus="Geophagus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Perciformes" pageNumber="23" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="sp. "tapajos orange head"">
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G. sp. “
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<normalizedToken id="8FFF33630CA19D173FDE5BAA67FDAD5A" originalValue="Tapajós">Tapajos</normalizedToken>
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Orange Head”
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</taxonomicName>
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). This apparent consistency may reflect underlying phylogenetic relationships within
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<taxonomicName id="EF1890C0DAF30D8F88F991E0B2A13820" LSID-ZBK="urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:3211E178-02DC-46D1-8ACE-964198B34650" family="Cichlidae" genus="Geophagus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName-ZBK="Geophagus Heckel 1840:383" order="Perciformes" pageNumber="23" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">Geophagus</taxonomicName>
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, and may provide useful sets of characters for future phylogenetic analysis within the genus.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="438C1E51745065D3A71DFA2476CD7E93" type="biology_ecology">
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<paragraph id="519B458F66C0A1ECF633499F8BA0941C" pageNumber="24">
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Although little is known of the ecology of
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<taxonomicName id="F5E7B352030E56DC1218944B50AB3740" LSID-ZBK="urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:01FF87F8-819F-483F-9792-B3D63BFBA4C5" family="Cichlidae" genus="Geophagus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName-ZBK="Geophagus abalios López-Fernández & Taphorn 2004:6" order="Perciformes" pageNumber="24" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="abalios">Geophagus abalios</taxonomicName>
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and
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<taxonomicName id="261B66A790BDA45B896EBFBB54303473" LSID-ZBK="urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:AFD88FE1-96E2-4626-A247-6E0664E472D0" family="Cichlidae" genus="Geophagus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName-ZBK="Geophagus dicrozoster López-Fernández & Taphorn 2004:11" order="Perciformes" pageNumber="24" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="dicrozoster">G. dicrozoster</taxonomicName>
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, it appears that they share many essential aspects of their biology. Field observations in the
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<normalizedToken id="B82053BAACC85902236F6A7D389A63CE" originalValue="Río">Rio</normalizedToken>
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Cinaruco (south-western Venezuelan llanos) indicate that both species are mouthbrooders(HLF unpubl). Both species are among the most abundant in samples from lagoon, or to a lesser extent, channel habitats over bare sandy bottoms, although they can be abundant in structured habitats with submerged wood or rocks (Arrington, 2002). On at least one occasion,
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<taxonomicName id="98D0EBF90C19A9CD81C3B9263242C2A9" LSID-ZBK="urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:AFD88FE1-96E2-4626-A247-6E0664E472D0" family="Cichlidae" genus="Geophagus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName-ZBK="Geophagus dicrozoster López-Fernández & Taphorn 2004:11" order="Perciformes" pageNumber="24" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="dicrozoster">G. dicrozoster</taxonomicName>
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was captured in rapids near the headwaters of the
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<normalizedToken id="5B361C491AD01E0E275DB9FFB66F6A1F" originalValue="Río">Rio</normalizedToken>
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Negro (K. Winemiller et al. unpubl.). Preliminary diet analyses indicate that, at least qualitatively, both species share a diet of benthic insect larvae dominated by chironomids (Diptera), trichopterans and ephemeropterans (HLF unpubl.). Given the great similarity of these species in overall morphology, color patterns, feeding modes, and probably reproductive behavior, it is remarkable that they seem to share the same habitats in an extensive manner. The ecology of
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<taxonomicName id="49419268314C90BC2D5A505834A1636C" LSID-ZBK="urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:9EB782D0-4623-4069-B517-C49B5C96F5EB" family="Cichlidae" genus="Geophagus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName-ZBK="Geophagus winemilleri López-Fernández & Taphorn 2004:17" order="Perciformes" pageNumber="24" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="winemilleri">G. winemilleri</taxonomicName>
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is almost entirely unknown: all of our available records and observations indicate that it inhabits black waters with sandy bottoms, and it probably is a “larvophilous” mouth brooder (Weidner 2000).
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="5F0F5A7257EF68262EE5D87FF31E9B36" pageNumber="24">
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<taxonomicName id="D9AF2586D2B2650F351EF55767C174B8" LSID-ZBK="urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:01FF87F8-819F-483F-9792-B3D63BFBA4C5" family="Cichlidae" genus="Geophagus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName-ZBK="Geophagus abalios López-Fernández & Taphorn 2004:6" order="Perciformes" pageNumber="24" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="abalios">Geophagus abalios</taxonomicName>
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and
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<taxonomicName id="4269CA98ED73AA2AAC053898A611BDD1" LSID-ZBK="urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:AFD88FE1-96E2-4626-A247-6E0664E472D0" family="Cichlidae" genus="Geophagus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName-ZBK="Geophagus dicrozoster López-Fernández & Taphorn 2004:11" order="Perciformes" pageNumber="24" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="dicrozoster">G. dicrozoster</taxonomicName>
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are sympatric in most of their known distribution, and frequently are found in the same habitats, particularly in the Cinaruco river, southern Apure State (HLF unpubl.). Their syntopy will probably be shown to be more extensive once they are distinguished in collections, where they are commonly referred to as
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<taxonomicName id="1F8FD25BC212DCFBA96D96B2BB9704F6" family="Cichlidae" genus="Geophagus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Perciformes" pageNumber="24" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="surinamensis">G. surinamensis</taxonomicName>
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or
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<taxonomicName id="B3CB1F57F145811B0EEBD7511379920D" LSID-ZBK="urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:37E4A854-5859-4DD0-9510-2728A6DEA863" family="Cichlidae" genus="Geophagus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName-ZBK="Geophagus altifrons Heckel 1840:385" order="Perciformes" pageNumber="24" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="altifrons">G. altifrons</taxonomicName>
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(e.g. Mago-Leccia 1970; Machado-Allison 1987; 1993; Royero et al. 1992). The broad distribution of both species in the Orinoco basin suggests they should be as common in Colombia as they are in the Venezuelan portion of the basin. It is not clear from our current distributional knowledge whether the range of
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<taxonomicName id="74F703238739EEE54FCF73883A628322" LSID-ZBK="urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:01FF87F8-819F-483F-9792-B3D63BFBA4C5" family="Cichlidae" genus="Geophagus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName-ZBK="Geophagus abalios López-Fernández & Taphorn 2004:6" order="Perciformes" pageNumber="24" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="abalios">G. abalios</taxonomicName>
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and
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<taxonomicName id="237751BE84F8867CE42292A09B9ECE0A" LSID-ZBK="urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:AFD88FE1-96E2-4626-A247-6E0664E472D0" family="Cichlidae" genus="Geophagus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName-ZBK="Geophagus dicrozoster López-Fernández & Taphorn 2004:11" order="Perciformes" pageNumber="24" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="dicrozoster">G. dicrozoster</taxonomicName>
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extends further south than the headwaters of the
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<normalizedToken id="AB124413C7890044B1A31688108627E7" originalValue="Río">Rio</normalizedToken>
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Negro. The known distribution of
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<taxonomicName id="365B3A9745DFFBB2F3CAE8ED5B2F138B" LSID-ZBK="urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:9EB782D0-4623-4069-B517-C49B5C96F5EB" family="Cichlidae" genus="Geophagus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName-ZBK="Geophagus winemilleri López-Fernández & Taphorn 2004:17" order="Perciformes" pageNumber="24" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="winemilleri">G. winemilleri</taxonomicName>
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is restricted to the lower Casiquiare and the upper
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<normalizedToken id="1D8FB119DE872D856BD3F9F4E55897C7" originalValue="Río">Rio</normalizedToken>
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Negro, but the species may be present in the
|
|
<normalizedToken id="9A06F4A72E1ACE66E1C5A1955C9D5E99" originalValue="Río">Rio</normalizedToken>
|
|
Ventuari drainage of the middle Orinoco basin (DCT and C.
|
|
<normalizedToken id="67186CA227732AE83F8554A204F33E3C" originalValue="Montaña">Montana</normalizedToken>
|
|
unpubl.). The fish diversity of the middle Orinoco and its tributaries is poorly known, and further collections are needed to clarify whether
|
|
<taxonomicName id="B99887F066AC75EACEE9DE68DA626D24" LSID-ZBK="urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:9EB782D0-4623-4069-B517-C49B5C96F5EB" family="Cichlidae" genus="Geophagus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName-ZBK="Geophagus winemilleri López-Fernández & Taphorn 2004:17" order="Perciformes" pageNumber="24" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="winemilleri">G. winemilleri</taxonomicName>
|
|
is present in the upper Casiquiare and upper-middle Orinoco region.
|
|
<taxonomicName id="36C09F5577D83E6663CF8FFEDB08E1D6" LSID-ZBK="urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:9EB782D0-4623-4069-B517-C49B5C96F5EB" family="Cichlidae" genus="Geophagus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName-ZBK="Geophagus winemilleri López-Fernández & Taphorn 2004:17" order="Perciformes" pageNumber="24" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="winemilleri">G. winemilleri</taxonomicName>
|
|
is known to occur in the middle
|
|
<normalizedToken id="D3B35DF08A8B29997B37162E125A9FA6" originalValue="Río">Rio</normalizedToken>
|
|
Negro (HLF pers. obs.). Weidner (2000) indicates that all aquarium imports come from the
|
|
<normalizedToken id="C67680DA4B1DD2959866E70C3EB2F160" originalValue="Río">Rio</normalizedToken>
|
|
Negro and refers to a case in which the species was caught in the Archipelago das Anavilhanas, just north of Manaus. Further taxonomic, phylogenetic and distributional studies in the
|
|
<normalizedToken id="F171FEEADAB4F038690878292A14D2C6" originalValue="Río">Rio</normalizedToken>
|
|
Negro will be necessary before a fruitful discussion of the biogeographic history of
|
|
<taxonomicName id="7277E99C1F1622837955AE6D0F460A03" LSID-ZBK="urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:3211E178-02DC-46D1-8ACE-964198B34650" family="Cichlidae" genus="Geophagus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName-ZBK="Geophagus Heckel 1840:383" order="Perciformes" pageNumber="24" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">Geophagus</taxonomicName>
|
|
in this region is possible.
|
|
</paragraph>
|
|
</subSubSection>
|
|
</treatment>
|
|
</document> |