227 lines
19 KiB
XML
227 lines
19 KiB
XML
<document ID-DOI="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.99.723" ID-GBIF-Dataset="44420001-28a0-4c06-b87e-3a4621d00270" ID-PMC="PMC3118779" ID-Pensoft-Pub="1313-2970-99-1" ID-PubMed="21738435" ModsDocAuthor="" ModsDocDate="2011" ModsDocID="1313-2970-99-1" ModsDocOrigin="ZooKeys 99" ModsDocTitle="The spider family Selenopidae (Arachnida, Araneae) in Australasia and the Oriental Region" checkinTime="1451250430027" checkinUser="pensoft" docAuthor="Crews, Sarah C. & Harvey, Mark S." docDate="2011" docId="24560570C18EA381ADA93EAE1ACAA1BD" docLanguage="en" docName="ZooKeys 99: 1-103" docOrigin="ZooKeys 99" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.99.723" docTitle="Makdiops montigenus Simon 1889, comb. n." docType="treatment" docVersion="6" lastPageNumber="64" masterDocId="FFCF164DFFC1FFB8FFE86B62FFD3934E" masterDocTitle="The spider family Selenopidae (Arachnida, Araneae) in Australasia and the Oriental Region" masterLastPageNumber="104" masterPageNumber="1" pageNumber="62" updateTime="1668169852460" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
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<mods:mods xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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<mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:title>The spider family Selenopidae (Arachnida, Araneae) in Australasia and the Oriental Region</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Crews, Sarah C.</mods:namePart>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Harvey, Mark S.</mods:namePart>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:typeOfResource>text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:relatedItem type="host">
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<mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:title>ZooKeys</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:part>
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<mods:date>2011</mods:date>
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<mods:detail type="volume">
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<mods:number>99</mods:number>
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</mods:detail>
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<mods:extent unit="page">
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<mods:start>1</mods:start>
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<mods:end>104</mods:end>
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</mods:extent>
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</mods:part>
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</mods:relatedItem>
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<mods:location>
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<mods:url>http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.99.723</mods:url>
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</mods:location>
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<mods:classification>journal article</mods:classification>
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<mods:identifier type="DOI">http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.99.723</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="Pensoft-Pub">1313-2970-99-1</mods:identifier>
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</mods:mods>
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<treatment ID-GBIF-Taxon="159365280" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:24560570C18EA381ADA93EAE1ACAA1BD" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/24560570C18EA381ADA93EAE1ACAA1BD" lastPageId="63" lastPageNumber="64" pageId="61" pageNumber="62">
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<subSubSection pageId="61" pageNumber="62" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph pageId="61" pageNumber="62">
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<taxonomicName LSID="http://species-id.net/wiki/Makdiops_montigenus" authority="Simon, 1889" authorityName="Simon" authorityYear="1889" class="Arachnida" family="Selenopidae" genus="Makdiops" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Makdiops montigenus" order="Araneae" pageId="61" pageNumber="62" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="montigenus">Makdiops montigenus (Simon, 1889)</taxonomicName>
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<taxonomicNameLabel pageId="61" pageNumber="62">comb. n.</taxonomicNameLabel>
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Figs 81-84112Map 3
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="61" pageNumber="62" type="reference_group">
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<paragraph pageId="61" pageNumber="62">
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<taxonomicName class="Arachnida" family="Selenopidae" genus="Selenops" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Selenops montigena" order="Araneae" pageId="61" pageNumber="62" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="montigena">Selenops montigena</taxonomicName>
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<bibRefCitation author="Simon, E" journalOrPublisher="Journal of the Asiatic Society of Bengal" pageId="68" pageNumber="69" pagination="334 - 344" title="Arachnides de l'Himalaya, recuellis par MM. Oldham et Wood-Mason, et faisant partie des collections de l'Indian Museum. Premiere partie." volume="58" year="1889 b">Simon 1889b</bibRefCitation>
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: 335.
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<bibRefCitation author="Gravely, FH" journalOrPublisher="Records of the Indian Museum, Calcutta" pageId="68" pageNumber="69" pagination="211 - 282" title="Some Indian spiders of the families Ctenidae, Sparassidae, Selenopidae and Clubionidae." volume="33" year="1931">Gravely 1931</bibRefCitation>
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: Fig. 15D.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="61" pageNumber="62" type="type material">
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<paragraph pageId="61" pageNumber="62">Type material.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="61" pageNumber="62">
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Holotype female (apparently lodged in ZSI; not examined):Jaonsar, Kumia, Uttarakhand, India [
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<geoCoordinate direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="925" value="30.55">30°33'N</geoCoordinate>
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,
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<geoCoordinate direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="925" value="78.166664">78°10'E</geoCoordinate>
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], 6000 feet, Oldham. The female type was not examined, but it is clear from
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<normalizedToken originalValue="Gravely’s">Gravely's</normalizedToken>
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(1931) illustration that this is the same species.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection lastPageId="62" lastPageNumber="63" pageId="61" pageNumber="62" type="other material examined">
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<paragraph pageId="61" pageNumber="62">Other material examined:</paragraph>
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<paragraph lastPageId="62" lastPageNumber="63" pageId="61" pageNumber="62">
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INDIA: Himachal Pradesh: Patlikuhl Town,
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<geoCoordinate direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="92" value="32.123333">32°07.4'N</geoCoordinate>
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,
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<geoCoordinate direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="92" value="77.14667">77°08.8'E</geoCoordinate>
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, 1200m, 17-23.VI.1999, Y. Marusik, 4♀ (ZMUM); Jharkhand: 6 miles northeast of Borio [
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<geoCoordinate direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="925" value="25.116667">25°07'N</geoCoordinate>
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,
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<geoCoordinate direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="925" value="87.61667">87°37'E</geoCoordinate>
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], 220 m, 30.X.1961, E.S. Ross, D.Q. Cavagnaro, 1♂ (CAS 9031587); Uttarakhand: Bhowali [
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<geoCoordinate direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="925" value="29.383333">29°23'N</geoCoordinate>
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,
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<geoCoordinate direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="925" value="79.51667">79°31'E</geoCoordinate>
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], 1800 m, 1.XII.1961, E.S. Ross, D.Q. Cavagnaro, 1♂, 1♀ (CAS 9031784); 5 miles southwest of Dehra
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<pageBreakToken pageId="62" pageNumber="63" start="start">Dun</pageBreakToken>
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[
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<geoCoordinate direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="925" value="30.25">30°15'N</geoCoordinate>
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,
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<geoCoordinate direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="925" value="77.933334">77°56'E</geoCoordinate>
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], 600 m, 9.XII.1961, E.S. Ross, D.Q. Cavagnaro, 1♂ (CAS 9031785); 8 miles southwest Dehra Dun [
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<geoCoordinate direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="925" value="30.25">30°15'N</geoCoordinate>
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,
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<geoCoordinate direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="925" value="77.933334">77°56'E</geoCoordinate>
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], 750 m, 11.XII.1961, E.S. Ross, D.Q. Cavagnaro, 1♀ (CAS 9031585); Gobind Ghat Village,
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<geoCoordinate direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="92" value="30.625">30°37.5'N</geoCoordinate>
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,
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<geoCoordinate direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="92" value="79.558334">79°33.5'E</geoCoordinate>
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, 1750-1900 m, 17-23.V.1999, Y. Marusik, 2♀, 2 immature (ZMUM); Joshimath Town,
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<geoCoordinate direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="92" value="30.555">30°33.3'N</geoCoordinate>
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,
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<geoCoordinate direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="92" value="79.565">79°33.9'E</geoCoordinate>
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, 1870 m, 14.V.1999, Y Marusik, 1♀ (ZMUM). NEPAL: Chitwan National Park, near Sauraha [
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<geoCoordinate direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="925" value="27.483334">27°29'N</geoCoordinate>
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,
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<geoCoordinate direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="925" value="84.35">84°21'E</geoCoordinate>
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], 1♂ (CAS sel_985).
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="62" pageNumber="63" type="literature records">
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<paragraph pageId="62" pageNumber="63">Literature records.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="62" pageNumber="63">
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INDIA: Jharkhand: Chota Nagpur, pass between Chaibassa and Chaardharpur [
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<geoCoordinate direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="925" value="22.583334">22°35'N</geoCoordinate>
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,
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<geoCoordinate direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="925" value="85.71667">85°43'E</geoCoordinate>
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] (
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<bibRefCitation author="Gravely, FH" journalOrPublisher="Records of the Indian Museum, Calcutta" pageId="68" pageNumber="69" pagination="211 - 282" title="Some Indian spiders of the families Ctenidae, Sparassidae, Selenopidae and Clubionidae." volume="33" year="1931">Gravely 1931</bibRefCitation>
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); Uttarakhand: Painsur, above Lohba [
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<geoCoordinate direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="925" value="30.066668">30°04'N</geoCoordinate>
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,
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<geoCoordinate direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="925" value="79.316666">79°19'E</geoCoordinate>
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], 8000 feet (
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<bibRefCitation author="Gravely, FH" journalOrPublisher="Records of the Indian Museum, Calcutta" pageId="68" pageNumber="69" pagination="211 - 282" title="Some Indian spiders of the families Ctenidae, Sparassidae, Selenopidae and Clubionidae." volume="33" year="1931">Gravely 1931</bibRefCitation>
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).
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="62" pageNumber="63" type="diagnosis">
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<paragraph pageId="62" pageNumber="63">Diagnosis.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="62" pageNumber="63">Males can be separated from other selenopids by the RTA, a single, bifid process, the large T-shaped conductor, and the small, hooked MA (Figs 83-84). In females, the internal ducts are convoluted and laterally asymmetrical (Fig. 82).</paragraph>
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<caption pageId="62" pageNumber="63">
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<paragraph pageId="62" pageNumber="63">
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Figures 81-88. Copulatory organs of
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<taxonomicName class="Arachnida" family="Selenopidae" genus="Makdiops" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Makdiops montigenus" order="Araneae" pageId="62" pageNumber="63" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="montigenus">Makdiops montigenus</taxonomicName>
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comb. n., female from Bhowali, Uttarakhand, India (CAS 9031784) (81-82), male from Bhowali, Uttarakhand, India (CAS 9031784) (83-84),
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<taxonomicName class="Arachnida" family="Selenopidae" genus="Makdiops" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Makdiops mahishasura" order="Araneae" pageId="62" pageNumber="63" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="mahishasura">Makdiops mahishasura</taxonomicName>
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sp. n., female holotype from Punjur, India (CAS 9031588) (85-86), and
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<taxonomicName class="Arachnida" family="Selenopidae" genus="Makdiops" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Makdiops nilgirensis" order="Araneae" pageId="62" pageNumber="63" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="nilgirensis">Makdiops nilgirensis</taxonomicName>
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sp. n., female holotype from Karteri Valley, Tamil Nadu, India (MHN) (87-88), 81, 85, 87 epigyne, ventral view 82, 86, 88 spermathecae, dorsal view 83 male pedipalp, ventral view 84 male pedipalp, retrolateral view. Scale bar: 0.50 mm. Abbreviations: CO = copulatory openings, EP = epigynal pockets, SP = spermathecae, SD = sperm ducts, PF = posterodorsal fold, C = conductor, E = embolus, MA = median apophysis, RTA = retrolateral tibial apophysis.
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</paragraph>
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</caption>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection lastPageId="63" lastPageNumber="64" pageId="62" pageNumber="63" type="description">
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<paragraph pageId="62" pageNumber="63">Description.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="62" pageNumber="63">
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Female (CAS 9031784):Color: carapace uniformly red-brown; sternum yellow-brown, darker around border; chelicerae uniformly dark red-brown; maxillae brown, lightening distally; labium pale yellow-brown, lightening distally; abdomen dorsally cream colored with darker cardiac mark and some darker w-shaped marks caudally, festoon mark also present caudally; ventrally pale yellow-brown; legs tan, darkening distally, no annulations visible. Cephalothorax: setae long and thin; 0.91 times longer than broad; fovea longitudinal, broad, somewhat shallow. Eyes: AER nearly straight; PER slightly recurved; PME larger than AME, PLE largest, ALE smallest; eye group width 2.18; eye diameters, AME 0.17, ALE 0.13, PME 0.23, PLE 0.31; interdistances AME-ALE 0.57, PME-PLE 0.55, ALE-PLE 0.38, AME-PME 0.15; ocular quadrangle AME-AME 0.27, PME-PME 0.92; clypeus 0.06 high. Mouthparts:chelicerae with a few stout setae medially and anteriorly; lateral boss present, smooth; promargin with 3 teeth, retromargin with 2 teeth; maxillae longer than broad, with tuft of conspicuous setae distally; labium distally rounded. Sternum:0.96 times longer than broad, posteriorly indented. Pedipalp: claw present, without teeth. Legs:leg I much shorter than legs II, III and IV; leg formula 2341; some scopulae on tarsus I and distally on metatarsus I; tarsus
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<normalizedToken originalValue="I–IV">I-IV</normalizedToken>
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with strong claw tufts; pr claw with c. 10 teeth, rl claw with none; spination: leg I, Fm pr 1
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<normalizedToken originalValue="–1–">-1-</normalizedToken>
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0, d 1
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<normalizedToken originalValue="–1–">-1-</normalizedToken>
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1, rl 1
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<normalizedToken originalValue="–0–">-0-</normalizedToken>
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0; Ti v 2
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<normalizedToken originalValue="–2–">-2-</normalizedToken>
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2; Mt v 2
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<normalizedToken originalValue="–2–">-2-</normalizedToken>
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2; Ti and Mt I and II with strong spines; leg II, Fm pr 0, d 1
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<normalizedToken originalValue="–1–">-1-</normalizedToken>
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1, rl 0; Ti 2
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<normalizedToken originalValue="–2–2–">-2-2-</normalizedToken>
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2; Mt v 2
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<normalizedToken originalValue="–2–">-2-</normalizedToken>
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2; leg III, Fm pr 0, d 1
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<normalizedToken originalValue="–1–">-1-</normalizedToken>
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1, rl 0; Ti v 1
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<normalizedToken originalValue="–1–">-1-</normalizedToken>
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0; Mt 2-0; leg IV, Fm pr 0, d 1
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<normalizedToken originalValue="–1–">-1-</normalizedToken>
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1, rl 0; Ti v 1-1; Mt 1-0. Abdomen:terminal setal tufts present. Epigyne:sinusoidal m-shaped ridge located medially, copulatory openings underneath, epigynal pockets present; internally, ducts are convoluted, laterally asymmetrical, differing in their folding amongst specimens, leading to long spermathecae at the lateral margins, small posterodorsal infoldings (Figs 81-82). Dimensions: Total length 9.31. Cephalothorax length 4.07, width 4.46. Sternum length 2.20, width 2.30. Abdomen length 5.24, width 4.07. Pedipalp: Fm 1.34, Pt 0.80, Ti 0.82, Ta 1.34, (total) 4.30. Leg I: Fm 4.40, Pt 2.30, Ti 3.51, Mt 3.17, Ta 1.40, (total) 14.78. Leg II: Fm 5.38, Pt 2.34, Ti 4.44, Mt 3.70, Ta 1.49, (total) 17.35. Leg III: Fm 5.36, Pt 1.97, Ti 4.45, Mt 3.51, Ta 1.34, (total) 16.63. Leg IV: Fm 5.15, Pt 1.72, Ti 3.7, Mt 3.52, Ta 1.34, (total) 15.43.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph lastPageId="63" lastPageNumber="64" pageId="62" pageNumber="63">
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Male (CAS sel_985): Color: carapace uniformly red-brown; sternum yellow brown, darker around border; chelicerae uniformly dark red-brown; maxillae brown, lighten
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<pageBreakToken pageId="63" pageNumber="64" start="start">ing</pageBreakToken>
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distally; labium pale brown; abdomen dorsally cream colored with darker cardiac mark and some darker w-shaped marks and festoon caudally; ventrally pale yellow-brown; legs tan, darkening distally, no annulations visible. Cephalothorax:setae long and thin; 0.91 times longer than broad; fovea longitudinal, broad, somewhat shallow. Eyes:AER nearly straight; PER slightly recurved; PME larger than AME, PLE largest, ALE smallest; eye group width 2.24; eye diameters, AME 0.23, ALE 0.13, PME 0.29, PLE 0.38; interdistances AME-ALE 0.52, PME-PLE 0.50, ALE-PLE 0.40, AME-PME 0.10; ocular quadrangle AME-AME 0.25, PME-PME 0.86; clypeus 0.06 high. Mouthparts:chelicerae with a few stout setae medially and anteriorly; lateral boss present, smooth; promargin with 3 teeth, retromargin with 2 teeth; maxillae longer than broad, with tuft of conspicuous setae distally; labium distally rounded. Sternum:0.96 times longer than broad, posteriorly indented. Pedipalp:femur, spination dorsal 0
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<normalizedToken originalValue="–1–">-1-</normalizedToken>
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2; retrolateral tibial apophysis with 1 apophysis that is bifid, the posterior process longer, tapering and slightly truncate at the tip, the ventral process shorter, pointier; retrolateral basal cymbial process absent; cymbial scopulae present, cymbium oval; conductor emerging from center of bulb on a long stalk, T-shaped, tapering to a point, pointed laterally; embolus very long and slender, beginning at 4
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<normalizedToken originalValue="o’clock">o'clock</normalizedToken>
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, terminating at 2
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<normalizedToken originalValue="o’clock">o'clock</normalizedToken>
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; median apophysis small, hooked on end, directed distally (Figs 83-84). Legs:leg I much shorter than leg I but only slightly shorter than leg III; leg formula 2314; scopulae absent on all legs; tarsus
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<normalizedToken originalValue="I–IV">I-IV</normalizedToken>
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with strong claw tufts; pr claws with c.10-15 teeth, rl claw lacking teeth; spination: leg I, Fm pr 1
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<normalizedToken originalValue="–1–">-1-</normalizedToken>
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0, d 1
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<normalizedToken originalValue="–1–">-1-</normalizedToken>
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1, rl 1
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<normalizedToken originalValue="–1–">-1-</normalizedToken>
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1; Ti v 2
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<normalizedToken originalValue="–2–">-2-</normalizedToken>
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2, rl 1
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<normalizedToken originalValue="–0–">-0-</normalizedToken>
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0; Mt v 2
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<normalizedToken originalValue="–2–">-2-</normalizedToken>
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2; Ti and Mt I and II with strong spines; leg II, Fm pr 1
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<normalizedToken originalValue="–0–">-0-</normalizedToken>
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0, d 1
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<normalizedToken originalValue="–1–">-1-</normalizedToken>
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1, rl 1
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<normalizedToken originalValue="–1–">-1-</normalizedToken>
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1; Ti 2
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<normalizedToken originalValue="–2–">-2-</normalizedToken>
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2; Mt v 2
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<normalizedToken originalValue="–2–">-2-</normalizedToken>
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2; leg III, Fm pr 1
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<normalizedToken originalValue="–0–">-0-</normalizedToken>
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0, d 1
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<normalizedToken originalValue="–1–">-1-</normalizedToken>
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1, rl 1
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<normalizedToken originalValue="–1–">-1-</normalizedToken>
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1; Ti v 1
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<normalizedToken originalValue="–1–">-1-</normalizedToken>
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0; Mt 2-0; leg IV, Fm pr 0, d 1
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<normalizedToken originalValue="–1–">-1-</normalizedToken>
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1, rl 0; Ti v 1-1; Mt 1-0. Abdomen:terminal setal tufts present. Dimensions: Total length 9.78. Cephalothorax length 4.25, width 4.68. Sternum length 2.40, width 2.50. Abdomen length 5.53, width 4.44. Pedipalp: Fm 1.68, Pt 0.94, Ti 0.77, Ta 1.62, (total) 5.01. Leg I: Fm 6.04, Pt 2.48, Ti 5.70, Mt 5.13, Ta 1.83, (total) 21.18. Leg II: Fm 7.99, Ti 7.41, Mt 6.77, Ta 1.94, (total) 26.75. Leg III: Fm 7.33, Ti 5.62, Mt 5.15, Ta 1.59, (total) 21.85. Leg IV: Fm 6.15, Pt 2.19, Ti 5.36, Mt 5.38, Ta 1.66, (total) 20.75.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="63" pageNumber="64" type="natural history">
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<paragraph pageId="63" pageNumber="64">Natural history.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="63" pageNumber="64">Collected under bark and rocks, and taken from over 2500 m elevation.</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="63" pageNumber="64" type="distribution">
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<paragraph pageId="63" pageNumber="64">Distribution.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="63" pageNumber="64">This species is found in northern India and Nepal, near the Himalaya Mountains (Map 3).</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |