177 lines
19 KiB
XML
177 lines
19 KiB
XML
<document ID-DOI="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.84.774" ID-GBIF-Dataset="ef985c07-f5b7-4fb0-b9fd-c77fee3995f9" ID-PMC="PMC3088067" ID-Pensoft-Pub="1313-2970-84-39" ID-PubMed="21594165" ModsDocAuthor="" ModsDocDate="2011" ModsDocID="1313-2970-84-39" ModsDocOrigin="ZooKeys 84" ModsDocTitle="Revision of the South American window fly genus Heteromphrale Kröber, 1937 (Diptera, Scenopinidae)" checkinTime="1451250765814" checkinUser="pensoft" docAuthor="Winterton, Shaun L. & Gaimari, Stephen D." docDate="2011" docId="1B61347B5BD717B3E27A6C0A0679508F" docLanguage="en" docName="ZooKeys 84: 39-57" docOrigin="ZooKeys 84" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.84.774" docTitle="Heteromphrale blanca Winterton & Gaimari, 2011, sp. n." docType="treatment" docVersion="5" lastPageNumber="45" masterDocId="FF97FF8DFFB1FFA2FFCFFFF333005A17" masterDocTitle="Revision of the South American window fly genus Heteromphrale Kroeber, 1937 (Diptera, Scenopinidae)" masterLastPageNumber="57" masterPageNumber="39" pageNumber="41" updateTime="1668167234224" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
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<mods:mods xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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<mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:title>Revision of the South American window fly genus Heteromphrale Kroeber, 1937 (Diptera, Scenopinidae)</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Winterton, Shaun L.</mods:namePart>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Gaimari, Stephen D.</mods:namePart>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:typeOfResource>text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:relatedItem type="host">
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<mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:title>ZooKeys</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:part>
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<mods:date>2011</mods:date>
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<mods:detail type="volume">
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<mods:number>84</mods:number>
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</mods:detail>
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<mods:extent unit="page">
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<mods:start>39</mods:start>
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<mods:end>57</mods:end>
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</mods:extent>
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</mods:part>
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</mods:relatedItem>
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<mods:location>
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<mods:url>http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.84.774</mods:url>
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</mods:location>
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<mods:classification>journal article</mods:classification>
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<mods:identifier type="DOI">http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.84.774</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="Pensoft-Pub">1313-2970-84-39</mods:identifier>
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</mods:mods>
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<treatment ID-GBIF-Taxon="159361439" LSID="urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:4C0F6BCB-3DA3-43E0-BEA8-09C6566B93F9" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/1B61347B5BD717B3E27A6C0A0679508F" lastPageId="6" lastPageNumber="45" pageId="2" pageNumber="41">
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<subSubSection pageId="2" pageNumber="41" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph pageId="2" pageNumber="41">
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<taxonomicName LSID="urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:4C0F6BCB-3DA3-43E0-BEA8-09C6566B93F9" class="Insecta" family="Scenopinidae" genus="Heteromphrale" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Heteromphrale blanca" order="Diptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="41" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="blanca">Heteromphrale blanca</taxonomicName>
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<taxonomicNameLabel pageId="2" pageNumber="41">sp. n.</taxonomicNameLabel>
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Figures 2
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<normalizedToken originalValue="A–B4A–B5A–B69A–C">A-B4A-B5A-B69A-C</normalizedToken>
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10A
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection lastPageId="3" lastPageNumber="42" pageId="2" pageNumber="41" type="type material">
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<paragraph pageId="2" pageNumber="41">Type material.</paragraph>
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<paragraph lastPageId="3" lastPageNumber="42" pageId="2" pageNumber="41">
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Holotype male, "ARGENTINA. La Rioja Prov., Departamento Famatina, 12 km N Pituil, 4,135 ft; 20-X-1997, M.E. Irwin, F.D. Parker, S. Roig, malaise, -28°30'54.36, -67°20'20.04" / "Schlinger Foundation Argentina Expedition, November
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<pageBreakToken pageId="3" pageNumber="42" start="start">1997</pageBreakToken>
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, ME Irwin, F.D. Parker & S. Roig" / "HOLOTYPUS ♂
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Scenopinidae" genus="Heteromphrale" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Heteromphrale blanca" order="Diptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="42" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="blanca">Heteromphrale blanca</taxonomicName>
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Winterton & Gaimari" [red label]. (MEI165196) (CASC, point mounted, excellent condition).
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection lastPageId="5" lastPageNumber="44" pageId="4" pageNumber="43" type="paratypes">
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<paragraph pageId="4" pageNumber="43">
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<pageBreakToken pageId="4" pageNumber="43" start="start">Paratypes</pageBreakToken>
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.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph lastPageId="5" lastPageNumber="44" pageId="4" pageNumber="43">
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ARGENTINA: La Rioja Province: Departamento Famatina, 12 km N Pituil, 4135 ft. [1260 m], -28°30'54.36, -67°20'20.04, 15.X.1997, M.E. Irwin, F.D. Parker & S. Roig, ex. Malaise trap [1 male (CASC)] (MEI165195); 2 females (CASC) (MEI165197, 165198)]; on leaves of
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Andrenidae" genus="Prosopis" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Prosopis" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="43" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Prosopis</taxonomicName>
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tree [1 male (CSCA)]; 53 km from Villa
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<normalizedToken originalValue="Unión">Union</normalizedToken>
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, Route 40, Pedregosa River, 27.XI.1976, ex. sweeping
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<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Fabaceae" genus="Prosopis" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Prosopis chilensis" order="Fabales" pageId="4" pageNumber="43" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="chilensis">Prosopis chilensis</taxonomicName>
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[1 female (USNM)]; Departamento Famatina, 12 km N Pituil, 4135 ft. [1260 m], -28°30'54.36, -67°20'20.04, 15.X.1997, M.E. Irwin, F.D. Parker & S. Roig, ex. Malaise
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<pageBreakToken pageId="5" pageNumber="44" start="start">trap</pageBreakToken>
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[1 male (DEI)] (MEI165199); Tucuman Province: 8 km NW
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<normalizedToken originalValue="Amaichá">Amaicha</normalizedToken>
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del Valle, 1847 m, -26°32.35', -65°58.37', 22-25.X.2003, M.E. Irwin & F.D. Parker, ex. Malaise trap in ravine [1 male (CSCA); 1 male (USNM)]. Salta Province: 10 km S Cafayete, 26.
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<normalizedToken originalValue="X–">X-</normalizedToken>
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13.XI.2003, M.E. Irwin, F.D. Parker, -26.1514°, -65.9586°, 1644 m, Malaise in
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Andrenidae" genus="Prosopis" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Prosopis" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="44" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Prosopis</taxonomicName>
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covered dunes [1 female (CSCA)] (MEI165204).
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="5" pageNumber="44" type="diagnosis">
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<paragraph pageId="5" pageNumber="44">Diagnosis.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="5" pageNumber="44">Antennal flagellum dark brown to black, conical and evenly tapered distally; mouthparts normal, nearly filling oral cavity; scutum without glabrous dorsocentral patches; wing with vein R4 diverging from vein R5 at point between one-quarter and one-half of cell r5; abdomen dark with pale posterior band on tergites 2-5; tergite 2 sensory patch distinct as two small patches; male epandrium not bulbous, dense fringe of white setae along posterior margin; hypandrium lobes relatively large and sub-triangular; distiphallus with arms parallel; lateral aedeagal bulbs relatively large; female sternite 8 posterior edge rounded; acanthophorite spines elongate and finely tapered, wispy.</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection lastPageId="6" lastPageNumber="45" pageId="5" pageNumber="44" type="description">
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<paragraph pageId="5" pageNumber="44">Description.</paragraph>
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<paragraph lastPageId="6" lastPageNumber="45" pageId="5" pageNumber="44">
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Body length: 2.5-4.0 mm [male], 2.7-4.2 mm [female]. Head (Figs 4
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<normalizedToken originalValue="A–B">A-B</normalizedToken>
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, 5
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<normalizedToken originalValue="A–B">A-B</normalizedToken>
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). Frons, parafacial, face and gena cream-white to yellow; female frons with tan suffusion dorsomedially and surface slightly furrowed medially, sparsely distributed with small, pale setae; male frons with whitish pubescence and dark where eyes are proximate; occiput with yellow suffusion marginally, black medially; face white; flagellum brown to black; scape pale yellow; pedicel yellowish-tan with a few minute pale setae; mouthparts normal-sized, nearly filling oral cavity; pale yellow, including prementum, labellum, labellar setae, and small cylindrical palpus. Thorax (Figs 5
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<normalizedToken originalValue="A–B">A-B</normalizedToken>
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, 6). Scutum black to grey, small pale yellow areas marginally (postpronotal lobe, notopleuron and supra-alar area), more extensive in female and additionally with yellow on anterior part of scutum adjacent to postpronotum, on postalar callus, and medially on posterior part of scutum; entire thorax overlain with dense glaucous pubescence; scutellum dark medially, yellow marginally (yellow area more extensive in female); scutum without pale setae, some present on postpronotal lobe, anepisternum and katepisternum; prosternum yellow; proepisternum and proepimeron yellow, sometimes with brown on posterior part; anepisternum grey pubescent, yellow in upper part; katepisternum grey pubescent, yellow in posterodorsal corner (in female, along most of dorsal margin); anepimeron grey pubescent anteriorly, yellow posteriorly; meron grey pubescent, except yellow dorsally; coxae light brown to orange; legs tan to dark yellow-orange; distal tarsomeres darker than rest of leg; haltere stem brown, knob white with brown suffusion dorsally; wing venation pale yellow; vein R4 diverging from R5 at point between one-quarter and one-half of cell r5. Abdomen (Fig. 6). Segments dark brown-grey with pale white-yellow band posteriorly; sternites dark brown-grey; sparse pale setae on most segments; tergite 2 sensory patch large and distinct, divided medially into two small patches, patch concolorous with rest of tergite. Male genitalia (Figs 2
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<normalizedToken originalValue="A–B">A-B</normalizedToken>
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, 10A). Epandrium sub-quadrangular, outer margins tapered, dark brown in basal half and pale yellow in distal half, white setal fringe along margin; hypandrium lobes relatively large, triangular; gonocoxite with darkly sclerotized, narrowly acuminate, dorsal process; gonostylus complex, apparently fused to gonocoxites
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<pageBreakToken pageId="6" pageNumber="45" start="start">,</pageBreakToken>
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with posteriorly directed margin fringed with setae, and hook-like process dorsally, inner lobe triangular and fused medially; gonocoxal apodeme broadly flattened, curved medially; ejaculatory apodeme relatively elongate, directed anteriorly; lateral aedeagal bulbs large, round; distiphallus elongate, arms proximate and parallel, broadly curved ventrally at base then straight along distal length. Female genitalia (Fig. 9
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<normalizedToken originalValue="A–C">A-C</normalizedToken>
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). Sternite 8 with posterior edge rounded, with posterolateral part fringed with long wispy setae; acanthophorite spines elongate and curved, becoming wispy and hair-like.
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</paragraph>
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<caption pageId="6" pageNumber="45">
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<paragraph pageId="6" pageNumber="45">
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Figure 2.
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Scenopinidae" genus="Heteromphrale" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Heteromphrale" order="Diptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="45" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Heteromphrale</taxonomicName>
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spp. Male genitalia: A
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Scenopinidae" genus="Heteromphrale" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Heteromphrale blanca" order="Diptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="45" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="blanca">Heteromphrale blanca</taxonomicName>
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sp. n.: dorsal view B same, lateral view C
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Scenopinidae" genus="Heteromphrale" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Heteromphrale chilensis" order="Diptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="45" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="chilensis">Heteromphrale chilensis</taxonomicName>
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(
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<normalizedToken originalValue="Kröber">Kroeber</normalizedToken>
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): dorsal view D same, lateral view. Scale line = 0.2 mm. Abbreviations: d distiphallus e epandrium g gonocoxite ga gonocoxal apodeme gs gonostylus h hypandrium hy hypoproct lab lateral aedeagal bulb va ventral apodeme of parameral sheath.
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</paragraph>
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</caption>
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<caption pageId="6" pageNumber="45">
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<paragraph pageId="6" pageNumber="45">
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Figure 3.
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Scenopinidae" genus="Heteromphrale" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Heteromphrale cyanops" order="Diptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="45" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="cyanops">Heteromphrale cyanops</taxonomicName>
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(Edwards). Male genitalia: A dorsal view B same lateral view. Female genitalia: C lateral view, with tergite 8 cut away. Scale line = 0.2 mm. Abbreviations: d distiphallus e epandrium g gonocoxite ga gonocoxal apodeme gs gonostylus h hypandrium hy hypoproct lab lateral aedeagal bulb va ventral apodeme of parameral sheath A1 acanthophorite spines f furca s spermatheca sd spermathecal duct ss spermathecal sac s8 sternite 8 s10 sternite 10 t8tergite 8 t9+10 tergites 9 and 10.
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</paragraph>
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</caption>
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<caption pageId="6" pageNumber="45">
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<paragraph pageId="6" pageNumber="45">
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Figure 4.
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Scenopinidae" genus="Heteromphrale" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Heteromphrale" order="Diptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="45" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Heteromphrale</taxonomicName>
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spp.:
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Scenopinidae" genus="Heteromphrale" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Heteromphrale blanca" order="Diptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="45" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="blanca">Heteromphrale blanca</taxonomicName>
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sp. n.: A female head, anterior view [Morphbank entry= 579914] B male head, anterior view [579921];
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Scenopinidae" genus="Heteromphrale" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Heteromphrale chilensis" order="Diptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="45" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="chilensis">Heteromphrale chilensis</taxonomicName>
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(
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<normalizedToken originalValue="Kröber">Kroeber</normalizedToken>
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): C female head, anterior view [579925] D male head, anterior view [579932];
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Scenopinidae" genus="Heteromphrale" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Heteromphrale cyanops" order="Diptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="45" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="cyanops">Heteromphrale cyanops</taxonomicName>
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(Edwards): E female head, anterior view [579935] F male head, anterior view [579942]. Scale line = 0.25 mm.
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</paragraph>
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</caption>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="6" pageNumber="45" type="comments">
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<paragraph pageId="6" pageNumber="45">Comments.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="6" pageNumber="45">
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Scenopinidae" genus="Heteromphrale" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Heteromphrale blanca" order="Diptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="45" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="blanca">Heteromphrale blanca</taxonomicName>
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sp. n. is very similar to
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Scenopinidae" genus="Heteromphrale" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Heteromphrale cyanops" order="Diptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="45" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="cyanops">Heteromphrale cyanops</taxonomicName>
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in overall body color, but differs considerably in male genitalic morphology and in the shape of the female sternite 8. As in
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Scenopinidae" genus="Heteromphrale" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Heteromphrale chilensis" order="Diptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="45" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="chilensis">Heteromphrale chilensis</taxonomicName>
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, the tergite 2 sensory patch is large and distinct, and is divided into two small patches with the setae directed medially. In males, the non-bulbous epandrium distinguishes this species and
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Scenopinidae" genus="Heteromphrale" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Heteromphrale chilensis" order="Diptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="45" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="chilensis">Heteromphrale chilensis</taxonomicName>
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from
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Scenopinidae" genus="Heteromphrale" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Heteromphrale cyanops" order="Diptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="45" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="cyanops">Heteromphrale cyanops</taxonomicName>
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, but the dense fringe of white setae along the posterior margin, distinguishes
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Scenopinidae" genus="Heteromphrale" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Heteromphrale blanca" order="Diptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="45" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="blanca">Heteromphrale blanca</taxonomicName>
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sp. n. from
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Scenopinidae" genus="Heteromphrale" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Heteromphrale chilensis" order="Diptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="45" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="chilensis">Heteromphrale chilensis</taxonomicName>
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. In females, the rounded sternite 8 distinguishes
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Scenopinidae" genus="Heteromphrale" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Heteromphrale blanca" order="Diptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="45" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="blanca">Heteromphrale blanca</taxonomicName>
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sp. n. from
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Scenopinidae" genus="Heteromphrale" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Heteromphrale cyanops" order="Diptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="45" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="cyanops">Heteromphrale cyanops</taxonomicName>
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, and the fringe of long wispy setae and elongate wispy acanthophorite spines distinguishes this species from
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Scenopinidae" genus="Heteromphrale" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Heteromphrale cyanops" order="Diptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="45" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="cyanops">Heteromphrale cyanops</taxonomicName>
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and
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Scenopinidae" genus="Heteromphrale" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Heteromphrale chilensis" order="Diptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="45" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="chilensis">Heteromphrale chilensis</taxonomicName>
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.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="6" pageNumber="45" type="distribution">
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<paragraph pageId="6" pageNumber="45">Distribution.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="6" pageNumber="45">Known only from Argentina (La Rioja, Salta and Tucuman Provinces).</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="6" pageNumber="45" type="etymology">
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<paragraph pageId="6" pageNumber="45">Etymology.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="6" pageNumber="45">The specific epithet is a Latin adjective - blanca - meaning white, referring to the dense fringe of white setae along the posterior margin of the epandrium.</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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</treatment>
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</document> |