treatments-xml/data/03/F0/87/03F087BBF158FF80FECBFBD5971D583C.xml

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<mods:title id="AF4E79A307E949B9AABA2A8495963B57">Annotated catalogue of Pakistani Acrididae (Orthoptera: Caelifera: Acridoidea)</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="C21CD0D751CDE6C30D1792F7B7A1CB0F">Sultana, Riffat</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation id="80A11D9673DF61B5D8E034E0650F3955">Department of Zoology, University of Sindh-Pakistan. &amp; Department of Entomology, Texas A &amp; M University, College Station, TX 77843 - 2475 USA.</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart id="EE6D8BFCD4028D2E17163B63FC483881">Song, Hojun</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation id="66641ECF2802B65DC705629DF2D296EB">Department of Entomology, Texas A &amp; M University, College Station, TX 77843 - 2475 USA.</mods:affiliation>
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<subSubSection id="C3436526F158FF80FECBFBD597825B14" box="[292,447,1087,1113]" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph id="8BE636ADF158FF80FECBFBD597825B14" blockId="21.[151,447,1087,1149]" box="[292,447,1087,1113]" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">
<taxonomicName id="4C594D2EF158FF80FECBFBD597825B14" ID-CoL="8NKTP" authority="Brunner von Wattenwyl, 1893" authorityName="Brunner von Wattenwyl" authorityYear="1893" box="[292,447,1087,1113]" class="Insecta" family="Acrididae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Orthoptera" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subFamily" subFamily="Coptacrinae">Coptacrinae</taxonomicName>
</paragraph>
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<subSubSection id="C3436526F158FF80FF78FB8996D95B30" box="[151,228,1123,1149]" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" type="description">
<paragraph id="8BE636ADF158FF80FF78FB8996D95B30" blockId="21.[151,447,1087,1149]" box="[151,228,1123,1149]" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">
(
<figureCitation id="13622A28F158FF80FF4FFB8996E15B30" box="[160,220,1123,1149]" captionStart="FIGURE 7" captionStartId="26.[152,255,1601,1625]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,669,1577]" captionTargetId="figure-190@26.[151,1436,669,1577]" captionTargetPageId="26" captionText="FIGURE 7. Distribution of Melanoplinae, Spathosterninae, Teratodinae, Tropidopolinae, Coptacrinae in various ecological zones of Pakistan" figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13209763" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13209763/files/figure.png" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">Fig.7</figureCitation>
)
</paragraph>
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<subSubSection id="C3436526F158FF80FF78FB4195585B88" box="[151,869,1195,1222]" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" type="distribution">
<paragraph id="8BE636ADF158FF80FF78FB4195585B88" blockId="21.[151,869,1195,1222]" box="[151,869,1195,1222]" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">
<emphasis id="B92DEABFF158FF80FF78FB4197E15B88" bold="true" box="[151,476,1195,1221]" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">Geographical Distribution:</emphasis>
<collectingCountry id="F34E763DF158FF80FE0CFB41947B5B88" box="[483,582,1195,1221]" name="Pakistan" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">Pakistan</collectingCountry>
: Azad Jammu &amp; Kashmir
</paragraph>
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<subSubSection id="C3436526F158FF80FF78FAFD971D583C" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" type="discussion">
<paragraph id="8BE636ADF158FF80FF78FAFD97255A7C" blockId="21.[151,280,1303,1329]" box="[151,280,1303,1329]" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">
<heading id="D0AE81C1F158FF80FF78FAFD97255A7C" bold="true" box="[151,280,1303,1329]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" reason="1">
<emphasis id="B92DEABFF158FF80FF78FAFD97255A7C" bold="true" box="[151,280,1303,1329]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">Comments</emphasis>
</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BE636ADF158FF80FF78FAB5971D583C" blockId="21.[151,1437,1375,1905]" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">
<taxonomicName id="4C594D2EF158FF80FF78FAB597235A34" authorityName="Brunner von Wattenwyl" authorityYear="1893" box="[151,286,1375,1401]" class="Insecta" family="Acrididae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Orthoptera" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subFamily" subFamily="Coptacrinae">Coptacrinae</taxonomicName>
are found in various habitats, mostly confined to open savanna, savanna woodland, and forest clearings and margins in montane to lowland rainforests. Herbaceous species are used as food plants, and several genera seem to prefer or even be confined to genera of the
<taxonomicName id="4C594D2EF158FF80FD06FA4D95595A8C" box="[745,868,1447,1473]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Asteraceae" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asterales" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="family">Asteraceae</taxonomicName>
(
<bibRefCitation id="EFC84B5CF158FF80FC9BFA4D95C55A8F" author="Dirsh, V. M." box="[884,1016,1447,1474]" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" refId="ref21244" refString="Dirsh, V. M. (1965) The African Genera of Acridoidea. Cambridge University Press, Anti-locust Centre, London, 579 pp." type="book" year="1965">Dirsh 1965</bibRefCitation>
,
<bibRefCitation id="EFC84B5CF158FF80FBEBFA4D929F5A8C" author="Johnsen, P. &amp; Schmidt, G. H." box="[1028,1186,1447,1473]" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" pagination="69 - 119" refId="ref22905" refString="Johnsen, P. &amp; Schmidt, G. H. (1982) Notes on, and a checklist of, Acridoidea (Saltatoria) collected in Somalia (East Africa). Monitore Zoologico Italiano, New Series, Supplement 16, 69 - 119. https: // doi. org / 10.1080 / 00269786.1982.11758559" type="journal article" year="1982">Johnsen 1982</bibRefCitation>
, Green 1997). During the present expedition,
<taxonomicName id="4C594D2EF158FF80FE75FA2194BC5AA8" authorityName="Walker" authorityYear="1870" box="[410,641,1483,1509]" class="Insecta" family="Acrididae" genus="Apalacris" kingdom="Animalia" order="Orthoptera" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="varicornis">
<emphasis id="B92DEABFF158FF80FE75FA2194BC5AA8" box="[410,641,1483,1509]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">Apalacris varicornis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, a single species of
<taxonomicName id="4C594D2EF158FF80FCB0FA2195D45AA8" authorityName="Brunner von Wattenwyl" authorityYear="1893" box="[863,1001,1483,1509]" class="Insecta" family="Acrididae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Orthoptera" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subFamily" subFamily="Coptacrinae">Coptacrinae</taxonomicName>
, was reported from Hattian Bala (Azad Jammu &amp; Kashmir), situated
<quantity id="4CA19B48F158FF80FE04FA0594085944" box="[491,565,1519,1545]" metricMagnitude="4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.0" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" unit="km" value="40.0">40 km</quantity>
from Muzaffarabad city along the Jhelum River. Hattian Bala serves as the headquarters of the district and tehsil Hattian Bala (AJ&amp;K Statistics 2019). The region is characterized by hilly and mountainous terrain with lush green plains in the Jehlum Valley along the Jehlum River. It shares boundaries with Muzaffarabad and Bagh districts in Azad Kashmir, and with Kupwara and Baramulla districts in Indian-occupied Jammu &amp; Kashmir. The area is accessible by roads connecting it to Muzaffarabad and Bagh districts. Hattain Bala is a collection of lush, green, and beautiful valleys, including Leepa, Reshian, Bharyan, Chikkar, and Chinari, which are renowned and located along the Jehlum River. This specimen was captured from scattered leaves of the Chinar tree (
<taxonomicName id="4C594D2EF158FF80FECAF90197C75848" box="[293,506,1771,1797]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Platanaceae" genus="Platanus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Proteales" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="orientalis">
<emphasis id="B92DEABFF158FF80FECAF90197C75848" box="[293,506,1771,1797]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">Platanus orientalis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
) in Hattian Bala. Earlier,
<taxonomicName id="4C594D2EF158FF80FCF4F90195935848" authorityName="Walker" authorityYear="1870" box="[795,942,1771,1797]" class="Insecta" family="Acrididae" genus="Apalacris" kingdom="Animalia" order="Orthoptera" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="varicornis">
<emphasis id="B92DEABFF158FF80FCF4F90195935848" box="[795,942,1771,1797]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">A. varicornis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
was reported by
<bibRefCitation id="EFC84B5CF158FF80FB81F90196DF5867" author="Bey-Bienko, G. &amp; Mistshenko, L." pageId="21" pageNumber="22" refId="ref19980" refString="Bey-Bienko, G. &amp; Mistshenko, L. (1951) Keys to the Fauna of the U. S. S. R. In: Bey-Bienko, G. &amp; Mistshenko, L. (Eds.), Locusts and Grasshoppers of the U. S. S. R. and Adjacent Countries. Vol. 2. Academy of Sciences, Moscow / Leningrad, pp. 385 - 667." type="book" year="1951">Bey-Bienko &amp; Mistshenko (1951)</bibRefCitation>
from Azad Jammu &amp; Kashmir. Notably, prior to this expedition, researchers had not reported
<taxonomicName id="4C594D2EF158FF80FAFAF8E593A15864" authorityName="Brunner von Wattenwyl" authorityYear="1893" box="[1301,1436,1807,1833]" class="Insecta" family="Acrididae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Orthoptera" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subFamily" subFamily="Coptacrinae">Coptacrinae</taxonomicName>
in
<collectingCountry id="F34E763DF158FF80FF5BF8D9972A5800" box="[180,279,1843,1869]" name="Pakistan" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">Pakistan</collectingCountry>
. The inclusion of this subfamily in the findings elevates the representation of Pakistani
<taxonomicName id="4C594D2EF158FF80FB02F8D993665800" authorityName="MacLeay" authorityYear="1821" box="[1261,1371,1843,1869]" class="Insecta" family="Acrididae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Orthoptera" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="family">Acrididae</taxonomicName>
to 14 subfamilies.
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