151 lines
30 KiB
XML
151 lines
30 KiB
XML
<document id="F7B5FF58A9BE290320CB7D468BB5641C" ID-DOI="10.5281/zenodo.182930" ID-GBIF-Dataset="97b50990-ee6e-4156-a038-4fe4c1dbcce7" ID-ISSN="1175-5326" ID-Zenodo-Dep="182930" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1459882489163" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Grebennikov, Vasily V. & Newton, Alfred F." docDate="2008" docId="03809A12FFD3310BFF44E3172C4AF85D" docLanguage="en" docName="zt01817p058.pdf" docOrigin="Zootaxa 1817" docStyle="DocumentStyle:6581673A57F01A3145754A1E615EDFF0.4:Zootaxa.2007-2008.journal_article" docStyleId="6581673A57F01A3145754A1E615EDFF0" docStyleName="Zootaxa.2007-2008.journal_article" docStyleVersion="4" docTitle="Leptotyphlinae" docType="treatment" docVersion="8" lastPageNumber="52" masterDocId="FFB9E26AFFD13108FFD3E0702D35FFD3" masterDocTitle="Minute larvae of Leptotyphlinae (Coleoptera: Staphylinidae): description of three genera with discussion on the monophyly and phylogenetic position of the subfamily as inferred from larval morphology" masterLastPageNumber="58" masterPageNumber="49" pageNumber="51" updateTime="1698227608220" updateUser="plazi">
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<mods:mods id="9B44098F96E068B2D3ABE263686C59B5" xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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<mods:titleInfo id="F21051890A3510BAB70E5C6E4188BD88">
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<mods:title id="DF60446D1B4519ACF39457488932713E">Minute larvae of Leptotyphlinae (Coleoptera: Staphylinidae): description of three genera with discussion on the monophyly and phylogenetic position of the subfamily as inferred from larval morphology</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:name id="7C3D938E68F4814B549659EB9A5A7CFA" type="personal">
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<mods:roleTerm id="6E4CAED70DE43D19E41CD0B507875EF2">Author</mods:roleTerm>
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<mods:namePart id="287300083AD7B0C211223D1664FA06AE">Grebennikov, Vasily V.</mods:namePart>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:name id="61B627CE18BEA8C3140EC1A66DAB8F9C" type="personal">
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<mods:role id="D8F03781EE4C0C784A72869CD72F9B5F">
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<mods:roleTerm id="EB8618F808B5D2A6D69B1BACF5EF4B9F">Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart id="6AB9DCABDD965FFDAF84B9F12EF6F398">Newton, Alfred F.</mods:namePart>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:typeOfResource id="F6D869D5CE9DA5C8334EB8031D177E7C">text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:relatedItem id="DEEB5418000BEB984A755B018349019D" type="host">
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<mods:titleInfo id="FCAEBA7CEE84E924F73E136CD53C0FA7">
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<mods:title id="65FFFBDCD3DC97A16212611276690876">Zootaxa</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:part id="1611BD0975B8EC5A10D20D74CF3DCF33">
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<mods:date id="E1FD353EAC428043FC402862FF0906D2">2008</mods:date>
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<mods:detail id="2593F5C0CA4B02C7A41836B140E43326" type="volume">
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<mods:number id="967F699C13903825177C4F4D10AAE30E">1817</mods:number>
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</mods:detail>
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<mods:extent id="951A1B0299032DFC24B2770BBCBB567B" unit="page">
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<mods:start id="238B63A2264642F4887867F75831E961">49</mods:start>
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<mods:end id="65038DFE66C4989A02551509F09FEAB9">58</mods:end>
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<mods:classification id="283E95B80C0F88D5A8BDA77A81AA6D2F">journal article</mods:classification>
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<mods:identifier id="8997A5258A6AC298B4DD67225FF70D36" type="DOI">10.5281/zenodo.182930</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier id="2A4F26C3F3B7C3B2436FFB98BC459E7A" type="GBIF-Dataset">97b50990-ee6e-4156-a038-4fe4c1dbcce7</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier id="D3DCC16694197FE034F3B80A6EB23102" type="ISSN">1175-5326</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier id="9F63DE1B371427776D1A2FEF7182E47A" type="Zenodo-Dep">182930</mods:identifier>
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<treatment id="03809A12FFD3310BFF44E3172C4AF85D" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6229633" ID-GBIF-Taxon="119371018" ID-Zenodo-Dep="6229633" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03809A12FFD3310BFF44E3172C4AF85D" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/03809A12FFD3310BFF44E3172C4AF85D" lastPageId="3" lastPageNumber="52" pageId="2" pageNumber="51">
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<subSubSection id="C333788FFFD3310AFF44E3172CE3FC52" box="[151,470,871,897]" pageId="2" pageNumber="51" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="8B962B04FFD3310AFF44E3172CE3FC52" blockId="2.[151,470,871,897]" box="[151,470,871,897]" pageId="2" pageNumber="51">
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<heading id="D0DE9C68FFD3310AFF44E3172CE3FC52" bold="true" box="[151,470,871,897]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="2" pageNumber="51" reason="1">
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<emphasis id="B95DF716FFD3310AFF44E3172CE3FC52" bold="true" box="[151,470,871,897]" pageId="2" pageNumber="51">
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Larvae of
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<taxonomicName id="4C295087FFD3310AFEC4E3172CE3FC52" ID-CoL="8VR5H" box="[279,470,871,897]" class="Insecta" family="Staphylinidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="51" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subFamily" subFamily="Leptotyphlinae">Leptotyphlinae</taxonomicName>
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</emphasis>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C333788FFFD3310AFF44E3C22EB4FA7F" pageId="2" pageNumber="51" type="diagnosis">
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<paragraph id="8B962B04FFD3310AFF44E3C22EB4FA7F" blockId="2.[151,1437,946,1972]" pageId="2" pageNumber="51">
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<emphasis id="B95DF716FFD3310AFF44E3C22C22FC1F" bold="true" box="[151,279,946,972]" pageId="2" pageNumber="51">Diagnosis.</emphasis>
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Larvae of
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<taxonomicName id="4C295087FFD3310AFE49E3C22F7EFC1F" box="[410,587,946,972]" class="Insecta" family="Staphylinidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="51" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subFamily" subFamily="Leptotyphlinae">Leptotyphlinae</taxonomicName>
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can be separated from those of most Staphylinoidea by their small size (body length
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<quantity id="4CD186E1FFD3310AFEE7E3AA2CA3FC27" box="[308,406,986,1012]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.5" metricValueMax="2.0" metricValueMin="1.0" pageId="2" pageNumber="51" unit="mm" value="1.5" valueMax="2.0" valueMin="1.0">1–2 mm</quantity>
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in the oldest instar). From the larvae of other small staphylinoids (
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<taxonomicName id="4C295087FFD3310AFB7FE3AA2826FC27" box="[1196,1299,986,1012]" class="Insecta" family="Ptiliidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="51" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="family">Ptiliidae</taxonomicName>
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,
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<taxonomicName id="4C295087FFD3310AFACCE3AA28A2FC27" box="[1311,1431,986,1012]" class="Insecta" family="Leiodidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="51" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="family">Leiodidae</taxonomicName>
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,
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<taxonomicName id="4C295087FFD3310AFF44E4722C05FBCF" box="[151,304,1026,1052]" class="Insecta" family="Hydraenidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="51" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="family">Hydraenidae</taxonomicName>
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,
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<taxonomicName id="4C295087FFD3310AFEECE4722CD8FBCF" box="[319,493,1026,1052]" class="Insecta" family="Scydmaenidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="51" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="family">Scydmaenidae</taxonomicName>
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,
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<taxonomicName id="4C295087FFD3310AFE2FE4722FAEFBCF" box="[508,667,1026,1052]" class="Insecta" family="Staphylinidae" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="51" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="family">Aleocharinae</taxonomicName>
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,
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<taxonomicName id="4C295087FFD3310AFD79E4722E03FBCF" box="[682,822,1026,1052]" class="Insecta" family="Staphylinidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="51" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subFamily" subFamily="Pselaphinae">Pselaphinae</taxonomicName>
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and some others) larvae of
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<taxonomicName id="4C295087FFD3310AFB42E4722877FBCF" box="[1169,1346,1026,1052]" class="Insecta" family="Staphylinidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="51" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subFamily" subFamily="Leptotyphlinae">Leptotyphlinae</taxonomicName>
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can be distinguished using the following combination of characters: stemmata absent (
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<figureCitation id="13123781FFD3310AFBE1E45A2995FB97" box="[1074,1184,1066,1092]" captionStart="FIGURES 2 – 11" captionStartId="4.[151,269,1785,1809]" captionTargetBox="[151,1434,656,1771]" captionTargetId="figure@4.[151,1435,655,1771]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="FIGURES 2 – 11. Leptotyphlinae, larval morphology of the undescribed genus from Australia. 2 — habitus, ventral view (head inserted; ventral view); 3 — habitus, lateral view (head inserted, dorsal view); 4 — anterior part of head showing right antenna with elongate and slightly curved sensorium, dorsal view; 5 — base of stipes, cardo, labial palpi, prementum, mentum, free triangular submentum, and oblique hypostomal ridge, ventral view; 6 — abdominal segments VIII, IX (bearing 1 - segmented urogomphi indistinctly attached to tergum) and X, lateral view; 7 — abdominal segments VI – X, dorsal view; 8 — head, dorsal view; 9 — head, ventral view; 10 — right maxilla, ventral view; 11 — thorax and abdominal segments I – IV, lateral view. Scale bar 0.05 mm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/182932/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="51">Figs. 8, 9</figureCitation>
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,
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<figureCitation id="13123781FFD3310AFB7EE45A29CDFB97" box="[1197,1272,1066,1092]" captionStart="FIGURES 12 – 17" captionStartId="5.[151,269,1306,1330]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,194,1281]" captionTargetId="figure@5.[151,1436,194,1282]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="FIGURES 12 – 17. Leptotyphlinae, larval morphology of the undescribed genus from Australia. 12, 13 — head (left mandible, right antenna and maxilla omitted), dorsal (12) and ventral (13); 14 — right foreleg; 15, 16, 17 — abdominal segments VIII, IX (with urogomphi) and X, dorsal (15), ventral (16) and lateral (17)." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/182933/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="51">12, 13</figureCitation>
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,
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<figureCitation id="13123781FFD3310AFAD7E45A2865FB97" box="[1284,1360,1066,1092]" captionStart="FIGURES 18 – 24" captionStartId="6.[151,269,1328,1352]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,194,1304]" captionTargetId="figure@6.[151,1436,194,1304]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="FIGURES 18 – 24. Leptotyphlinae, larval morphology of the undescribed genus from Mexico (18 – 22) and undescribed genus from Chile (23, 24). 18, 19, 23, 24 — head, dorsal (18, 23, 24) and ventral (19) (left antenna and right mandible omitted); 20 — right antenna, dorsal; 21 — nasale, dorsal; 22 — left maxilla, dorsal." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/182934/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="51">18, 23</figureCitation>
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); head prognathous, with long coronal suture (about 40% of head length), lyriform dorsal ecdysial lines (
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<figureCitation id="13123781FFD3310AFAC4E422285FFBBF" box="[1303,1386,1106,1132]" captionStart="FIGURES 2 – 11" captionStartId="4.[151,269,1785,1809]" captionTargetBox="[151,1434,656,1771]" captionTargetId="figure@4.[151,1435,655,1771]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="FIGURES 2 – 11. Leptotyphlinae, larval morphology of the undescribed genus from Australia. 2 — habitus, ventral view (head inserted; ventral view); 3 — habitus, lateral view (head inserted, dorsal view); 4 — anterior part of head showing right antenna with elongate and slightly curved sensorium, dorsal view; 5 — base of stipes, cardo, labial palpi, prementum, mentum, free triangular submentum, and oblique hypostomal ridge, ventral view; 6 — abdominal segments VIII, IX (bearing 1 - segmented urogomphi indistinctly attached to tergum) and X, lateral view; 7 — abdominal segments VI – X, dorsal view; 8 — head, dorsal view; 9 — head, ventral view; 10 — right maxilla, ventral view; 11 — thorax and abdominal segments I – IV, lateral view. Scale bar 0.05 mm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/182932/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="51">Figs. 8</figureCitation>
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,
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<figureCitation id="13123781FFD3310AFAABE42228ADFBBF" box="[1400,1432,1106,1132]" captionStart="FIGURES 12 – 17" captionStartId="5.[151,269,1306,1330]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,194,1281]" captionTargetId="figure@5.[151,1436,194,1282]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="FIGURES 12 – 17. Leptotyphlinae, larval morphology of the undescribed genus from Australia. 12, 13 — head (left mandible, right antenna and maxilla omitted), dorsal (12) and ventral (13); 14 — right foreleg; 15, 16, 17 — abdominal segments VIII, IX (with urogomphi) and X, dorsal (15), ventral (16) and lateral (17)." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/182933/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="51">12</figureCitation>
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,
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<figureCitation id="13123781FFD3310AFF44E40A2DD6FB47" box="[151,227,1146,1172]" captionStart="FIGURES 18 – 24" captionStartId="6.[151,269,1328,1352]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,194,1304]" captionTargetId="figure@6.[151,1436,194,1304]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="FIGURES 18 – 24. Leptotyphlinae, larval morphology of the undescribed genus from Mexico (18 – 22) and undescribed genus from Chile (23, 24). 18, 19, 23, 24 — head, dorsal (18, 23, 24) and ventral (19) (left antenna and right mandible omitted); 20 — right antenna, dorsal; 21 — nasale, dorsal; 22 — left maxilla, dorsal." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/182934/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="51">18, 23</figureCitation>
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) and parallel ventral ecdysial lines along the ventral mid-line of the head (
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<figureCitation id="13123781FFD3310AFBBBE40A29F5FB47" box="[1128,1216,1146,1172]" captionStart="FIGURES 12 – 17" captionStartId="5.[151,269,1306,1330]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,194,1281]" captionTargetId="figure@5.[151,1436,194,1282]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="FIGURES 12 – 17. Leptotyphlinae, larval morphology of the undescribed genus from Australia. 12, 13 — head (left mandible, right antenna and maxilla omitted), dorsal (12) and ventral (13); 14 — right foreleg; 15, 16, 17 — abdominal segments VIII, IX (with urogomphi) and X, dorsal (15), ventral (16) and lateral (17)." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/182933/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="51">Fig. 13</figureCitation>
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); antennae shorter than one third of the head length (
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<figureCitation id="13123781FFD3310AFDE2E4D22FA0FB6F" box="[561,661,1186,1212]" captionStart="FIGURES 12 – 17" captionStartId="5.[151,269,1306,1330]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,194,1281]" captionTargetId="figure@5.[151,1436,194,1282]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="FIGURES 12 – 17. Leptotyphlinae, larval morphology of the undescribed genus from Australia. 12, 13 — head (left mandible, right antenna and maxilla omitted), dorsal (12) and ventral (13); 14 — right foreleg; 15, 16, 17 — abdominal segments VIII, IX (with urogomphi) and X, dorsal (15), ventral (16) and lateral (17)." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/182933/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="51">Figs. 12</figureCitation>
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,
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<figureCitation id="13123781FFD3310AFD77E4D22FF1FB6F" box="[676,708,1186,1212]" captionStart="FIGURES 18 – 24" captionStartId="6.[151,269,1328,1352]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,194,1304]" captionTargetId="figure@6.[151,1436,194,1304]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="FIGURES 18 – 24. Leptotyphlinae, larval morphology of the undescribed genus from Mexico (18 – 22) and undescribed genus from Chile (23, 24). 18, 19, 23, 24 — head, dorsal (18, 23, 24) and ventral (19) (left antenna and right mandible omitted); 20 — right antenna, dorsal; 21 — nasale, dorsal; 22 — left maxilla, dorsal." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/182934/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="51">18</figureCitation>
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), with elongate sensorium (
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<figureCitation id="13123781FFD3310AFBC3E4D2295FFB6F" box="[1040,1130,1186,1212]" captionStart="FIGURES 18 – 24" captionStartId="6.[151,269,1328,1352]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,194,1304]" captionTargetId="figure@6.[151,1436,194,1304]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="FIGURES 18 – 24. Leptotyphlinae, larval morphology of the undescribed genus from Mexico (18 – 22) and undescribed genus from Chile (23, 24). 18, 19, 23, 24 — head, dorsal (18, 23, 24) and ventral (19) (left antenna and right mandible omitted); 20 — right antenna, dorsal; 21 — nasale, dorsal; 22 — left maxilla, dorsal." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/182934/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="51">Fig. 20</figureCitation>
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); maxilla with articulated mala bearing elongate process at apex (
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<figureCitation id="13123781FFD3310AFDA4E4BA2FE6FB37" box="[631,723,1226,1252]" captionStart="FIGURES 18 – 24" captionStartId="6.[151,269,1328,1352]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,194,1304]" captionTargetId="figure@6.[151,1436,194,1304]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="FIGURES 18 – 24. Leptotyphlinae, larval morphology of the undescribed genus from Mexico (18 – 22) and undescribed genus from Chile (23, 24). 18, 19, 23, 24 — head, dorsal (18, 23, 24) and ventral (19) (left antenna and right mandible omitted); 20 — right antenna, dorsal; 21 — nasale, dorsal; 22 — left maxilla, dorsal." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/182934/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="51">Fig. 22</figureCitation>
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); mandibles non-serrate, with single large mesal pre-apical tooth (
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<figureCitation id="13123781FFD3310AFF30E4822C44FADF" box="[227,369,1266,1292]" captionStart="FIGURES 12 – 17" captionStartId="5.[151,269,1306,1330]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,194,1281]" captionTargetId="figure@5.[151,1436,194,1282]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="FIGURES 12 – 17. Leptotyphlinae, larval morphology of the undescribed genus from Australia. 12, 13 — head (left mandible, right antenna and maxilla omitted), dorsal (12) and ventral (13); 14 — right foreleg; 15, 16, 17 — abdominal segments VIII, IX (with urogomphi) and X, dorsal (15), ventral (16) and lateral (17)." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/182933/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="51">Figs. 12, 13</figureCitation>
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,
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<figureCitation id="13123781FFD3310AFEADE4822CCDFADF" box="[382,504,1266,1292]" captionStart="FIGURES 18 – 24" captionStartId="6.[151,269,1328,1352]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,194,1304]" captionTargetId="figure@6.[151,1436,194,1304]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="FIGURES 18 – 24. Leptotyphlinae, larval morphology of the undescribed genus from Mexico (18 – 22) and undescribed genus from Chile (23, 24). 18, 19, 23, 24 — head, dorsal (18, 23, 24) and ventral (19) (left antenna and right mandible omitted); 20 — right antenna, dorsal; 21 — nasale, dorsal; 22 — left maxilla, dorsal." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/182934/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="51">18, 19, 23</figureCitation>
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); tibiotarsi swollen at middle with two large ventral spines (
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<figureCitation id="13123781FFD3310AFB6AE482282FFADF" box="[1209,1306,1266,1292]" captionStart="FIGURES 12 – 17" captionStartId="5.[151,269,1306,1330]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,194,1281]" captionTargetId="figure@5.[151,1436,194,1282]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="FIGURES 12 – 17. Leptotyphlinae, larval morphology of the undescribed genus from Australia. 12, 13 — head (left mandible, right antenna and maxilla omitted), dorsal (12) and ventral (13); 14 — right foreleg; 15, 16, 17 — abdominal segments VIII, IX (with urogomphi) and X, dorsal (15), ventral (16) and lateral (17)." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/182933/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="51">Figs. 14</figureCitation>
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,
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<figureCitation id="13123781FFD3310AFAF4E482287DFADF" box="[1319,1352,1266,1292]" captionStart="FIGURES 25 – 31" captionStartId="7.[151,269,1242,1266]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,194,1218]" captionTargetId="figure@7.[151,1436,194,1218]" captionTargetPageId="7" captionText="FIGURES 25 – 31. Leptotyphlinae, larval (25 – 30) and adult (31) morphology of the undescribed genus from Mexico. 25, 26 — abdominal segment VI, dorsal (25) and ventral (26); 27 — pro-, meso-, and metathorax, left lateral (legs omitted); 28 — left fore tibiotarsus and claw, posterior; 29, 30 — abdominal segments IX (with indistinctly articulated short urogomphi) and X, ventral (29) and dorsal (30); 31 — aedeagus." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/182935/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="51">28</figureCitation>
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); separate abdominal laterotergites absent and apparently fused with terga thus completely encircling spiracles (
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<figureCitation id="13123781FFD3310AFF4CE5322C1BFA8F" box="[159,302,1346,1372]" captionStart="FIGURES 12 – 17" captionStartId="5.[151,269,1306,1330]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,194,1281]" captionTargetId="figure@5.[151,1436,194,1282]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="FIGURES 12 – 17. Leptotyphlinae, larval morphology of the undescribed genus from Australia. 12, 13 — head (left mandible, right antenna and maxilla omitted), dorsal (12) and ventral (13); 14 — right foreleg; 15, 16, 17 — abdominal segments VIII, IX (with urogomphi) and X, dorsal (15), ventral (16) and lateral (17)." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/182933/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="51">Figs. 15, 17</figureCitation>
|
||
); and urogomphi indistinctly articulated to tergite IX, short and stout (
|
||
<figureCitation id="13123781FFD3310AFBBFE53229CFFA8F" box="[1132,1274,1346,1372]" captionStart="FIGURES 12 – 17" captionStartId="5.[151,269,1306,1330]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,194,1281]" captionTargetId="figure@5.[151,1436,194,1282]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="FIGURES 12 – 17. Leptotyphlinae, larval morphology of the undescribed genus from Australia. 12, 13 — head (left mandible, right antenna and maxilla omitted), dorsal (12) and ventral (13); 14 — right foreleg; 15, 16, 17 — abdominal segments VIII, IX (with urogomphi) and X, dorsal (15), ventral (16) and lateral (17)." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/182933/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="51">Figs. 15–17</figureCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<figureCitation id="13123781FFD3310AFAD4E5322861FA8F" box="[1287,1364,1346,1372]" captionStart="FIGURES 25 – 31" captionStartId="7.[151,269,1242,1266]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,194,1218]" captionTargetId="figure@7.[151,1436,194,1218]" captionTargetPageId="7" captionText="FIGURES 25 – 31. Leptotyphlinae, larval (25 – 30) and adult (31) morphology of the undescribed genus from Mexico. 25, 26 — abdominal segment VI, dorsal (25) and ventral (26); 27 — pro-, meso-, and metathorax, left lateral (legs omitted); 28 — left fore tibiotarsus and claw, posterior; 29, 30 — abdominal segments IX (with indistinctly articulated short urogomphi) and X, ventral (29) and dorsal (30); 31 — aedeagus." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/182935/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="51">29, 30</figureCitation>
|
||
). Larvae of some
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C295087FFD3310AFEF8E51A2CF8FA57" box="[299,461,1386,1412]" class="Insecta" family="Staphylinidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="51" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subFamily" subFamily="Euaesthetinae">Euaesthetinae</taxonomicName>
|
||
with reduced number of stemmata might resemble those of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C295087FFD3310AFB58E51A2875FA57" box="[1163,1344,1386,1412]" class="Insecta" family="Staphylinidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="51" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subFamily" subFamily="Leptotyphlinae">Leptotyphlinae</taxonomicName>
|
||
; but the mandibles of known euaesthetine larvae lack a pre-apical tooth.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C333788FFFD3310BFF16E5CA2C4AF85D" lastPageId="3" lastPageNumber="52" pageId="2" pageNumber="51" type="description">
|
||
<paragraph id="8B962B04FFD3310AFF16E5CA2DE1F9F7" blockId="2.[151,1437,946,1972]" pageId="2" pageNumber="51">
|
||
<emphasis id="B95DF716FFD3310AFF16E5CA2C68FA07" bold="true" box="[197,349,1466,1492]" pageId="2" pageNumber="51">Description.</emphasis>
|
||
Habitus. Larvae small, normally about
|
||
<quantity id="4CD186E1FFD3310AFCFEE5CA2E5CFA07" box="[813,873,1466,1492]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.0" pageId="2" pageNumber="51" unit="mm" value="1.0">1mm</quantity>
|
||
in body length. Frayed setae absent; trichobothria absent; each side of epicrania and all thoracic and abdominal terga with one large pore-like opening dorsally.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8B962B04FFD3310AFF16E6422983F867" blockId="2.[151,1437,946,1972]" pageId="2" pageNumber="51">
|
||
Head. Stemmata absent; coronal suture about half length of head capsule; constricted neck region absent; occipital foramen wide, about 0.7–0.8X as wide as maximum head width; dorsal ecdysial lines lyriform; nuchal carina apparently absent; ventral wall of head capsule on each side of the prementum without anteriorly directed large sclerotized tooth; posterior tentorial pits short, 2–
|
||
<date id="FF970DC4FFD3310AFC1DE6DA2EEEF917" box="[974,987,1706,1732]" pageId="2" pageNumber="51">3</date>
|
||
X as long as wide; posterior tentorial arms thread-like and more than
|
||
<date id="FF970DC4FFD3310AFDF2E6A22F66F93F" box="[545,595,1746,1772]" pageId="2" pageNumber="51" value="1920-10">20X</date>
|
||
longer than wide; tentorial bridge originates from posterior tentorial arms, narrow; attachment of anterior tentorial arms to dorsum of head capsule rounded, not transverse; ventral ecdysial lines present, linear, extending from base of head to near posterior tentorial pits; oblique hypostomal ridge on ventral surface of head capsule near maxillary foramina long, about twice as long as length of cardo; labrum fused to clypeus forming nasale; lateral sclerites on each side of labrum near fusion to clypeus absent; anterior edge of nasale serrate or not, if serrate, then without median tooth; tormae absent.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8B962B04FFD2310BFF16E0E82EE6FE71" blockId="3.[151,1437,152,1098]" pageId="3" pageNumber="52">Antennae. Basal antennomere at its middle not constricted or interrupted by membrane; antennae 3-segmented; antennae shorter than 1/3 of length of head capsule; main sensory appendage on antenna elongate and narrow, parallel-sided along much of length, located antero-mesally on penultimate antennomere, longer than the width of penultimate antennomere; ultimate antennomere of regular shape or slightly shortened, length to width ratio 1–2.5; membrane connecting basal antennomere with head capsule absent or short, not longer than membrane between antennomere 2 and 3; first (basal) antennomere without setae; second (penultimate) and third (ultimate) antennomeres each with three long setae in apical half.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8B962B04FFD2310BFF16E1C02DDFFDC9" blockId="3.[151,1437,152,1098]" pageId="3" pageNumber="52">Mandibles. Mola absent; each mandible without mesal serration, with preapical tooth directed dorsomesad; mandibles not asymmetrical, almost straight or slightly curved, apices directed anteriorly and partly mesad.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8B962B04FFD2310BFF16E2582CB2FB99" blockId="3.[151,1437,152,1098]" pageId="3" pageNumber="52">
|
||
Maxillae articulated with ventral wall of head through condyle, membranous maxillary articulation highly reduced; cardo as wide as base of stipes, or 1.2X wider, without transverse ridge; stipes not narrowed apicad, lateral edges without obvious constriction; maxillary palpomere 2 straight; maxillary palpomere 3 not flexible, about 4 times as long as wide; galea and lacinia completely fused forming finger-shaped subparallel mala articulated to stipes; mala subequal in length to apical width of stipes, attached to mesal surface of stipes, protruding mesally; first (basal) maxillary palpomere (immediately apicad of maxillary palpifer) without setae; second (penultimate) maxillary palpomere with two setae; third (apical) maxillary palpomere entire, without setae and with one digitiform sensillum; submentum and mentum free, not incorporated in the ventral head wall; mentum with triangular or subquadrate sclerite bearing two pairs of setae; maxillary foramina open anteriorly and mesally; ligula present, not sclerotized or digitiform, as wide as, or narrower than basal labial palpomere, at apex straight, pointed or rounded, not bilobed; about as long as width of basal labial palpomere; labial palpomere 2 rigid and about
|
||
<date id="FF970DC4FFD2310BFD81E3902F43FC29" box="[594,630,992,1018]" pageId="3" pageNumber="52">5X</date>
|
||
as long as its basal width; ligula without long membranous and microsetose anterior projection; apical labial palpomere and ventral sclerite of prementum entire, not subdivided by membrane.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<caption id="DF567B8CFFD2310BFF44E5B1294FFA0A" box="[151,1146,1473,1497]" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/182931/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="52" targetBox="[158,1427,1157,1446]" targetPageId="3">
|
||
<paragraph id="8B962B04FFD2310BFF44E5B1294FFA0A" blockId="3.[151,1146,1473,1497]" box="[151,1146,1473,1497]" pageId="3" pageNumber="52">
|
||
<emphasis id="B95DF716FFD2310BFF44E5B12C2CFA0A" bold="true" box="[151,281,1473,1497]" pageId="3" pageNumber="52">FIGURE 1.</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C295087FFD2310BFEF3E5B22CF1FA0A" box="[288,452,1474,1497]" class="Insecta" family="Staphylinidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="52" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subFamily" subFamily="Leptotyphlinae">Leptotyphlinae</taxonomicName>
|
||
, habitus image of an adult beetle (
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C295087FFD2310BFCE1E5B22E9FFA0A" box="[818,938,1474,1497]" class="Insecta" family="Staphylinidae" genus="Eutyphlops" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="52" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B95DF716FFD2310BFCE1E5B22E9FFA0A" box="[818,938,1474,1497]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="52">Eutyphlops</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
sp., Chile), dorsal..
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<paragraph id="8B962B04FFD2310BFF16E67C29D0F94D" blockId="3.[151,1437,1548,1934]" pageId="3" pageNumber="52">Thorax. Pro-, meso- and metatergum without anterior and posterior carinae; cervicosternum transverse, anterior to proepisterna; longest seta on trochanter not more than 1.5X as long as width of trochanter; leg’s longest seta located on trochanter; tibiotarsus stout, not styliform; tibiotarsus at middle wider than at distal or proximal end; setae at apex of tibiotarsus short, as long as, or shorter than, claw width at base.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8B962B04FFD2310BFF16E6DC2C4AF85D" blockId="3.[151,1437,1548,1934]" pageId="3" pageNumber="52">Abdomen. Terga and sterna longitudinally not divided by membrane; abdominal segment IX without elongate and latero-posteriorly directed tube-like process on each side; openings of abdominal (and thoracic) spiracles not or slightly elevated above body surface; laterotergites absent and apparently fused with terga, completely encircling spiracles; urogomphi present, each with apical seta about as long as urogomphus; urogomphi one-segmented, about as long as tergum IX, indistinctly articulated to abdominal segment IX but probably immobile.</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |