113 lines
9.4 KiB
XML
113 lines
9.4 KiB
XML
<document ID-DOI="10.5281/zenodo.3374526" ID-GBIF-Dataset="2a40cf95-9ffb-4f3c-894b-cf53b8788a0a" ID-Zenodo-Dep="3374526" approvalRequired="109" approvalRequired_for_document="1" approvalRequired_for_illustrations="43" approvalRequired_for_originalDoi="1" approvalRequired_for_taxonomicNames="38" approvalRequired_for_textStreams="1" approvalRequired_for_treatments="25" checkinTime="1566477704804" checkinUser="jeremy" docAuthor="Holtz, TR jr." docDate="2004" docId="012B87EDFF8FD81E4DBE27EBDCDBB0A8" docLanguage="en" docName="Holtz2004Tyrannosauroidea.pdf" docOrigin="The Dinosauria, University of California Press" docStyle="DocumentStyle{}" docTitle="Tarbosaurus bataar" docType="treatment" docVersion="7" lastPageNumber="2" masterDocId="FD12FF95FF9AD80B4D3D2775DD29B37C" masterDocTitle="Tyrannosauroidea" masterLastPageNumber="136" masterPageNumber="111" pageNumber="2" updateTime="1656386983924" updateUser="felipe">
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<mods:mods xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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<mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:title>Tyrannosauroidea</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Holtz, TR jr.</mods:namePart>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:typeOfResource>text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:relatedItem type="host">
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<mods:originInfo>
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<mods:dateIssued>2004</mods:dateIssued>
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<mods:publisher>University of California Press</mods:publisher>
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</mods:originInfo>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Editor</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Weishampel DB</mods:namePart>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Editor</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Dodson P</mods:namePart>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Editor</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Osmolska H</mods:namePart>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:title>The Dinosauria</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:part>
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<mods:extent unit="page">
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<mods:start>111</mods:start>
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<mods:end>136</mods:end>
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</mods:extent>
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</mods:part>
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</mods:relatedItem>
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<mods:classification>book chapter</mods:classification>
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<mods:identifier type="DOI">10.5281/zenodo.3374526</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="GBIF-Dataset">2a40cf95-9ffb-4f3c-894b-cf53b8788a0a</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="Zenodo-Dep">3374526</mods:identifier>
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</mods:mods>
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<treatment ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3483196" ID-GBIF-Taxon="163642058" ID-Zenodo-Dep="3483196" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:012B87EDFF8FD81E4DBE27EBDCDBB0A8" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/012B87EDFF8FD81E4DBE27EBDCDBB0A8" lastPageNumber="2" pageId="21" pageNumber="2">
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<subSubSection pageId="21" pageNumber="2" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph blockId="21.[99,717,100,1926]" pageId="21" pageNumber="2">
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<emphasis box="[131,316,158,177]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="2">
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<taxonomicName baseAuthorityName="Maleev" baseAuthorityYear="1955" box="[131,312,158,177]" class="Reptilia" family="Tyrannosauridae" genus="Tarbosaurus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF,CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Dinosauria" pageId="21" pageNumber="2" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="bataar">Tarbosaurus bataar</taxonomicName>
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,
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</emphasis>
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originally referred to
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<taxonomicName authorityName="Osborn" authorityYear="1905" class="Reptilia" family="Tyrannosauridae" genus="Tyrannosaurus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF,CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Dinosauria" pageId="21" pageNumber="2" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
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<emphasis box="[527,665,159,177]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="2">Tyrannosaurus</emphasis>
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(Maleev 1955b)
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</taxonomicName>
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, is based on different ontogenetic stages (Rozhdestvensky 1965; Carr 1999; Currie 2000, 2003a). A partial small tyrannosaurid skeleton from the coeval Subashi Formation in China was once referred to its own genus and species,
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<taxonomicName authority="Dong, 1977" authorityName="Dong" authorityYear="1977" class="Reptilia" family="Tyrannosauridae" genus="Shanshanosaurus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Dinosauria" pageId="21" pageNumber="2" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="houyanshanensis">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="2">Shanshanosaurus houyanshanensis</emphasis>
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Dong, 1977
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</taxonomicName>
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; however, reanalysis by Currie and Dong (2001b) reveals that the supposed autapomorphic traits of this taxon (Dong 1977; Paul 1988a; Holtz 2001b) are due to misinterpretation of the anatomy, and this taxon might well represent an extremely young
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<emphasis box="[581,673,416,435]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="2">
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<taxonomicName baseAuthorityName="Maleev" baseAuthorityYear="1955" box="[581,669,416,435]" class="Reptilia" family="Tyrannosauridae" genus="Tarbosaurus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF,CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Dinosauria" pageId="21" pageNumber="2" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="bataar">T. bataar</taxonomicName>
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.
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</emphasis>
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Hurum and Sabath (2003) have reexamined the skull of
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<taxonomicName baseAuthorityName="Maleev" baseAuthorityYear="1974" box="[604,715,445,464]" class="Reptilia" family="Tyrannosauridae" genus="Tarbosaurus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF,CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Dinosauria" pageId="21" pageNumber="2" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
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<emphasis box="[604,715,445,464]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="2">Tarbosaurus</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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based on new material. Unlike in
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<taxonomicName authorityName="Osborn" authorityYear="1905" box="[418,553,474,492]" class="Reptilia" family="Tyrannosauridae" genus="Tyrannosaurus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF,CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Dinosauria" pageId="21" pageNumber="2" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
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<emphasis box="[418,553,474,492]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="2">Tyrannosaurus</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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and other North American tyrannosaurids but as in
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<emphasis box="[447,549,502,521]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="2">
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<taxonomicName baseAuthorityName="Kurzanov" baseAuthorityYear="1976" box="[447,544,502,521]" class="Reptilia" family="Not" genus="Alioramus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Dinosauria" pageId="21" pageNumber="2" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">Alioramus</taxonomicName>
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,
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</emphasis>
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the nasal lacks a caudally oriented lacrimal process. The caudodorsal process of the maxilla is more massive even than in
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<emphasis box="[535,597,560,578]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="2">
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<taxonomicName authorityName="Osborn" authorityYear="1905" box="[535,593,560,578]" class="Reptilia" family="Tyrannosauridae" genus="Tyrannosaurus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF,CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Dinosauria" pageId="21" pageNumber="2" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="rex">T. rex</taxonomicName>
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.
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</emphasis>
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The caudal surangular foramen is reduced compared with those in all other tyrannosaurids. Hurum and Currie (2000) demonstrated that the articulation of the intramandibular joint in
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<taxonomicName baseAuthorityName="Maleev" baseAuthorityYear="1974" box="[558,671,646,665]" class="Reptilia" family="Tyrannosauridae" genus="Tarbosaurus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF,CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Dinosauria" pageId="21" pageNumber="2" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
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<emphasis box="[558,671,646,665]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="2">Tarbosaurus</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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produced a locking mechanism not seen in other
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<taxonomicName authorityName="Osborn" authorityYear="1905" box="[544,713,674,693]" class="Reptilia" family="Tyrannosauridae" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF,CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Dinosauria" pageId="21" pageNumber="2" phylum="Chordata" rank="family">Tyrannosauridae</taxonomicName>
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. The forelimb of
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<taxonomicName baseAuthorityName="Maleev" baseAuthorityYear="1974" box="[262,375,703,722]" class="Reptilia" family="Tyrannosauridae" genus="Tarbosaurus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF,CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Dinosauria" pageId="21" pageNumber="2" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
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<emphasis box="[262,375,703,722]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="2">Tarbosaurus</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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is more reduced than in all other tyrannosauroids (Holtz 2001b; Currie 2003a), with a femurhumerus ratio of greater than 3.5 and a metacarpal I greater than one-half the length of metacarpal II due to the reduction of the latter bone. Thus the general theropod reduction in digital and metacarpal elements from digit V toward digit I (Wagner and Gauthier 1999) is seen in this species more so than in other tyrannosaurids (or indeed than in most nonalvarezsaurid theropods).
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<taxonomicName baseAuthorityName="Maleev" baseAuthorityYear="1955" box="[164,246,932,951]" class="Reptilia" family="Tyrannosauridae" genus="Tarbosaurus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF,CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Dinosauria" pageId="21" pageNumber="2" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="bataar">
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<emphasis box="[164,246,932,951]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="2">T. bataar</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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is comparable to
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<taxonomicName authorityName="Osborn" authorityYear="1905" box="[412,581,933,951]" class="Reptilia" family="Tyrannosauridae" genus="Tyrannosaurus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF,CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Dinosauria" pageId="21" pageNumber="2" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="rex">
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<emphasis box="[412,581,933,951]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="2">Tyrannosaurus rex</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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in size:adults have a skull length of more than 130 cm.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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</treatment>
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</document> |