566 lines
73 KiB
XML
566 lines
73 KiB
XML
<document id="C99A7D6FC7FE8FE7E78BAA4CF3905B1A" ID-DOI="10.1080/00222930600940993" ID-ISSN="1464-5262" ID-Zenodo-Dep="5228505" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.tables_requiresApprovalFor="existingObjects,plazi" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1629447346846" checkinUser="felipe" docAuthor="Knoflach, Barbara & Harten, Antonius Van" docDate="2006" docId="DC30557EB316A73FFEF8FA0EFF1DFE3E" docLanguage="en" docName="JNatHist.40.25-26.1483-1616.pdf" docOrigin="Journal of Natural History 40 (25 - 26)" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00222930600940993" docStyle="DocumentStyle:7E99CF6C63B49250F2A87C3AEDC82D8C.2:JNatHist.2005-2007.journal_article.2cover" docStyleId="7E99CF6C63B49250F2A87C3AEDC82D8C" docStyleName="JNatHist.2005-2007.journal_article.2cover" docStyleVersion="2" docTitle="Tidarren scenicum Knoflach & Harten 2006, nov. comb." docType="treatment" docVersion="3" lastPageNumber="1571" masterDocId="20092D06B340A765FF81FFF2FFC9FFDB" masterDocTitle="The one-palped spider genera Tidarren and Echinotheridion in the Old World (Araneae, Theridiidae), with comparative remarks on Tidarren from America" masterLastPageNumber="1616" masterPageNumber="1483" pageNumber="1567" updateTime="1699553799685" updateUser="ExternalLinkService" zenodo-license-document="CC-BY-4.0" zenodo-license-figures="CC-BY-4.0">
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<mods:title id="946338A073C5247CC96284762F853AFF">The one-palped spider genera Tidarren and Echinotheridion in the Old World (Araneae, Theridiidae), with comparative remarks on Tidarren from America</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="A9B79D962EA5393B79FDE0F676225561">Knoflach, Barbara</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="F51550461C19A40F16E0889F6752AFAF">Harten, Antonius Van</mods:namePart>
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<mods:title id="6214899E52EBB88518AD2A8897E70291">Journal of Natural History</mods:title>
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<mods:part id="9256B3F136B200E62B4898840D305E9F">
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<mods:date id="F271C761AF980D7C6D384EE802B001AF">2006</mods:date>
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<mods:number id="0580DC7F57128E692614F6238DE9D23C">2006-10-19</mods:number>
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<mods:number id="12B70A9B503B06E96641E5607222648D">40</mods:number>
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<mods:number id="D9187354B04A49F389B7D87CEE45CF41">25 - 26</mods:number>
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<subSubSection id="1C83B7E3B316A733FEF8FA0EFC77F9CF" box="[377,958,1532,1556]" pageId="86" pageNumber="1567" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="5426E468B316A733FEF8FA0EFC77F9CF" blockId="86.[138,1185,1532,1685]" box="[377,958,1532,1556]" pageId="86" pageNumber="1567">
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<heading id="0F6E5304B316A733FEF8FA0EFC77F9CF" box="[377,958,1532,1556]" centered="true" fontSize="10" level="2" pageId="86" pageNumber="1567" reason="2">
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<taxonomicName id="93999FEBB316A733FEF8FA0EFCF9F9CF" ID-CoL="56VR5" authority="(Thorell, 1899)" authorityName="Knoflach & Harten" authorityYear="2006" baseAuthorityName="Thorell" baseAuthorityYear="1899" box="[377,816,1532,1556]" class="Arachnida" family="Theridiidae" genus="Tidarren" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="86" pageNumber="1567" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="scenicum" status="comb. nov.">
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<emphasis id="66ED387AB316A733FEF8FA0EFDB8F9CF" bold="true" box="[377,625,1532,1556]" italics="true" pageId="86" pageNumber="1567">Tidarren scenicum</emphasis>
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(
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<bibRefCitation id="30089999B316A733FD02FA0EFCE1F9CF" author="Thorell T" box="[643,808,1532,1556]" pageId="86" pageNumber="1567" pagination="1 - 105" refId="ref53895" refString="Thorell T. 1899. Araneae Camerunenses (Africae occidentalis) quas anno 1891 colegerunt Cel. Dr. Y. Sjostedt alique. Bihang till Kongliga Svenska Vetenskaps-Akademiens Handlingar 25: 1 - 105." type="journal article" year="1899">Thorell, 1899</bibRefCitation>
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)
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</taxonomicName>
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||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="7DDE8501B316A733FCBBFA0EFC77F9CF" box="[826,958,1532,1556]" pageId="86" pageNumber="1567" rank="species">nov. comb.</taxonomicNameLabel>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="1C83B7E3B316A733FE06F9EEFC6EF9EF" box="[391,935,1564,1588]" pageId="86" pageNumber="1567" type="description">
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<paragraph id="5426E468B316A733FE06F9EEFC6EF9EF" blockId="86.[138,1185,1532,1685]" box="[391,935,1564,1588]" pageId="86" pageNumber="1567">
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(
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||
<figureCitation id="CCA2F8EDB316A733FE0FF9EEFD9DF9EF" box="[398,596,1564,1588]" captionStart="Figures 172–180" captionStartId="73.[125,194,977,996]" captionTargetBox="[126,1170,133,941]" captionTargetId="figure-152@73.[126,1172,133,941]" captionTargetPageId="73" captionText="Figures 172–180. Female habitus. (172) Tidarren aethiops n. sp. from Democratic Republic of Congo. (173) T. afrum n. sp. from Cameroon. (174) T. circe n. sp. from Namibia. (175) T. griswoldi n. sp. from Cameroon. (176) T. lanceolatum n. sp. from Democratic Republic of Congo. (177) T. perplexum n. sp. from Cameroon. (178–180) T. scenicum (Thorell) from South Africa, Swaziland (178, 179) and from Cote d’Ivoire, Haute Cavally (180, type of Theridion turrigerum Simon). Photos from specimens preserved in alcohol." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5228597" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5228597/files/figure.png" pageId="86" pageNumber="1567">Figures 178–180</figureCitation>
|
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,
|
||
<figureCitation id="CCA2F8EDB316A733FDE3F9EEFD03F9EF" box="[610,714,1564,1588]" captionStart="Figures 216–221" captionStartId="87.[125,194,1468,1487]" captionTargetBox="[188,1115,140,1429]" captionTargetId="figure-0@87.[172,1124,133,1433]" captionTargetPageId="87" captionText="Figures 216–221. Tidarren scenicum (Thorell), from South Africa, Swaziland (216, 218, 220) and Guinea-Bissau (217, 219, 221; type of Theridion guineense Simon). Female epigynum/vulva in lateral (216, 217), ventral (218, 219), dorsal (220), and aboral view (221). Scale bars: 0.1 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5228613" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5228613/files/figure.png" pageId="86" pageNumber="1567">216–221</figureCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<figureCitation id="CCA2F8EDB316A733FD59F9EEFCDDF9EF" box="[728,788,1564,1588]" captionStart="Figure 259" captionStartId="110.[138,198,1491,1510]" captionTargetBox="[183,1140,133,1446]" captionTargetId="figure-1@110.[183,1140,132,1456]" captionTargetPageId="110" captionText="Figure 259. (a, b) Tidarren sp. from Madagascar, Nosy Be. Left male palp, expanded, prolateral (a) and retrolateral (b). (c) Distribution of four Tidarren species, T. argo Knoflach and van Harten, T. cuneolatum (Tullgren), T. obtusum n. sp., and T. scenicum (Thorell)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5228635" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5228635/files/figure.png" pageId="86" pageNumber="1567">259c</figureCitation>
|
||
; Table XXI)
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="1C83B7E3B316A733FF0BF9CEFB49F94E" pageId="86" pageNumber="1567" type="reference_group">
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<paragraph id="5426E468B316A733FF0BF9CEFC2EF98F" blockId="86.[138,1185,1532,1685]" box="[138,999,1596,1620]" pageId="86" pageNumber="1567">
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<treatmentCitationGroup id="7489C346B316A733FF0BF9CEFC2EF98F" box="[138,999,1596,1620]" pageId="86" pageNumber="1567">
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<treatmentCitation id="D538C279B316A733FF0BF9CEFD99F98F" author="Thorell T" box="[138,592,1596,1620]" page="24" pageId="86" pageNumber="1567" year="1899">
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||
<taxonomicName id="93999FEBB316A733FF0BF9CEFD99F98F" authority="Thorell 1899, p 24" authorityName="Thorell" authorityPageNumber="24" authorityYear="1899" box="[138,592,1596,1620]" class="Arachnida" family="Theridiidae" genus="Theridium" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="86" pageNumber="1567" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="scenicum">
|
||
<emphasis id="66ED387AB316A733FF0BF9CEFEAAF98F" box="[138,355,1596,1620]" italics="true" pageId="86" pageNumber="1567">Theridium scenicum</emphasis>
|
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<materialsCitation id="E4F1EE35B316A733FEECF9CEFD99F98F" box="[365,592,1596,1620]" country="Cameroon" location="Cameroon" pageId="86" pageNumber="1567" specimenCount="1" specimenCount-female="1">
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<bibRefCitation id="30089999B316A733FEECF9CEFDC3F98F" author="Thorell T" box="[365,522,1596,1620]" pageId="86" pageNumber="1567" pagination="1 - 105" refId="ref53895" refString="Thorell T. 1899. Araneae Camerunenses (Africae occidentalis) quas anno 1891 colegerunt Cel. Dr. Y. Sjostedt alique. Bihang till Kongliga Svenska Vetenskaps-Akademiens Handlingar 25: 1 - 105." type="journal article" year="1899">Thorell 1899</bibRefCitation>
|
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, p 24
|
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</materialsCitation>
|
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</taxonomicName>
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</treatmentCitation>
|
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; n. sp.,
|
||
<specimenCount id="429F2FE1B316A733FD2EF9CDFD74F988" box="[687,701,1599,1619]" pageId="86" pageNumber="1567" type="female">♀</specimenCount>
|
||
,
|
||
<typeStatus id="8B225ACAB316A733FD4FF9CEFD36F98F" box="[718,767,1596,1620]" pageId="86" pageNumber="1567">type</typeStatus>
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locality
|
||
<collectingCountry id="2C8EA4F8B316A733FCE2F9CEFC2BF98F" box="[867,994,1596,1620]" name="Cameroon" pageId="86" pageNumber="1567">Cameroon</collectingCountry>
|
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.
|
||
</treatmentCitationGroup>
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||
</paragraph>
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||
<paragraph id="5426E468B316A733FF0BF9AFFB49F94E" blockId="86.[138,1185,1532,1685]" pageId="86" pageNumber="1567">
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<treatmentCitationGroup id="7489C346B316A733FF0BF9AFFB49F94E" pageId="86" pageNumber="1567">
|
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<treatmentCitation id="D538C279B316A733FF0BF9AFFDF6F9AE" author="Simon E" box="[138,575,1629,1653]" page="417" pageId="86" pageNumber="1567" year="1899">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="93999FEBB316A733FF0BF9AFFDF6F9AE" authority="Simon 1899, p 417" authorityName="Simon" authorityPageNumber="417" authorityYear="1899" box="[138,575,1629,1653]" class="Arachnida" family="Theridiidae" genus="Theridion" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="86" pageNumber="1567" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="turrigerum">
|
||
<emphasis id="66ED387AB316A733FF0BF9AFFEA8F9AE" box="[138,353,1629,1653]" italics="true" pageId="86" pageNumber="1567">Theridion turrigerum</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="30089999B316A733FEE6F9AFFE3BF9AE" author="Simon E" box="[359,498,1629,1653]" pageId="86" pageNumber="1567" pagination="416 - 418" refId="ref53771" refString="Simon E. 1899. Arachnides recueillis par M. Charles van Cassel, sous-officier d'infanterie attache a la mission du Cavally (Soudan francais), au poste du Zo, en Septembre 1899. Bulletin du Museum d'Histoire Naturelle 8: 416 - 418." type="journal article" year="1899">Simon 1899</bibRefCitation>
|
||
, p 417
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
</treatmentCitation>
|
||
; n. sp.,
|
||
<specimenCount id="429F2FE1B316A733FD13F992FD56F9AF" box="[658,671,1632,1652]" pageId="86" pageNumber="1567" type="female">♀</specimenCount>
|
||
,
|
||
<typeStatus id="8B225ACAB316A733FD2CF9AFFD14F9AE" box="[685,733,1629,1653]" pageId="86" pageNumber="1567">type</typeStatus>
|
||
locality Cavally,
|
||
<collectingCountry id="2C8EA4F8B316A733FC16F9AFFBE7F9AE" box="[919,1070,1629,1653]" name="Ivory Coast" pageId="86" pageNumber="1567">Cote d’Ivoire</collectingCountry>
|
||
. Nov. syn.
|
||
<treatmentCitation id="D538C279B316A733FF0BF98FFD8BF94E" author="Simon E" box="[138,578,1661,1685]" page="40" pageId="86" pageNumber="1567" year="1907">
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<taxonomicName id="93999FEBB316A733FF0BF98FFD8BF94E" authority="Simon 1907, p 40" authorityName="Simon" authorityPageNumber="40" authorityYear="1907" box="[138,578,1661,1685]" class="Arachnida" family="Theridiidae" genus="Theridion" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="86" pageNumber="1567" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="guineense">
|
||
<emphasis id="66ED387AB316A733FF0BF98FFEA8F94E" box="[138,353,1661,1685]" italics="true" pageId="86" pageNumber="1567">Theridion guineense</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="30089999B316A733FEEBF98FFE35F94E" author="Simon E" box="[362,508,1661,1685]" pageId="86" pageNumber="1567" pagination="218 - 323" refId="ref53818" refString="Simon E. 1907. Arachnides recueillis par L. Fea sur la cote occidentale d'Afrique, 1 re partie. Annali del Museo Civico di Storia Naturale di Genova (Serie 3) 3 (43): 218 - 323, 3 figures." type="book chapter" year="1907">Simon 1907</bibRefCitation>
|
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, p 40
|
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</taxonomicName>
|
||
</treatmentCitation>
|
||
; n. sp.,
|
||
<specimenCount id="429F2FE1B316A733FD23F972FD79F94F" box="[674,688,1664,1684]" pageId="86" pageNumber="1567" type="female">♀</specimenCount>
|
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,
|
||
<typeStatus id="8B225ACAB316A733FD41F98FFD38F94E" box="[704,753,1661,1685]" pageId="86" pageNumber="1567">type</typeStatus>
|
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locality
|
||
<collectingCountry id="2C8EA4F8B316A733FCD7F98FFBCAF94E" box="[854,1027,1661,1685]" name="Guinea-Bissau" pageId="86" pageNumber="1567">Guinea-Bissau</collectingCountry>
|
||
. Nov. syn.
|
||
</treatmentCitationGroup>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<caption id="00E6B4E0B317A732FFFCFA4EFD00F9DE" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5228613" ID-Zenodo-Dep="5228613" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5228613/files/figure.png" pageId="87" pageNumber="1568" startId="87.[125,194,1468,1487]" targetBox="[188,1115,140,1429]" targetPageId="87">
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||
<paragraph id="5426E468B317A732FFFCFA4EFD00F9DE" blockId="87.[125,1172,1468,1541]" pageId="87" pageNumber="1568">
|
||
Figures 216–221.
|
||
<taxonomicName id="93999FEBB317A732FEABFA4EFDEEFA14" authority="(Thorell)" authorityName="Knoflach & Harten" authorityYear="2006" baseAuthorityName="Thorell" baseAuthorityYear="1899" box="[298,551,1468,1487]" class="Arachnida" family="Theridiidae" genus="Tidarren" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="87" pageNumber="1568" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="scenicum">
|
||
<emphasis id="66ED387AB317A732FEABFA4EFE01FA14" box="[298,456,1468,1487]" italics="true" pageId="87" pageNumber="1568">Tidarren scenicum</emphasis>
|
||
(Thorell)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, from South Africa, Swaziland (216, 218, 220) and Guinea-Bissau (217, 219, 221; type of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="93999FEBB317A732FEE3FA25FD9EFA31" authority="Simon" authorityName="Simon" authorityYear="1907" box="[354,599,1495,1514]" class="Arachnida" family="Theridiidae" genus="Theridion" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="87" pageNumber="1568" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="guineense">
|
||
<emphasis id="66ED387AB317A732FEE3FA25FDC6FA31" box="[354,527,1495,1514]" italics="true" pageId="87" pageNumber="1568">Theridion guineense</emphasis>
|
||
Simon
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
). Female epigynum/vulva in lateral (216, 217), ventral (218, 219), dorsal (220), and aboral view (221). Scale bars: 0.1 mm.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<caption id="00E6B4E0B318A73DFF0BFF63FD82FF65" pageId="88" pageNumber="1569" startId="88.[138,192,145,164]">
|
||
<paragraph id="5426E468B318A73DFF0BFF63FD82FF65" blockId="88.[138,1185,145,190]" pageId="88" pageNumber="1569">
|
||
Table XXI. Leg measurements (mm, by stereo microscope) of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="93999FEBB318A73DFD58FF63FC1FFF7F" authority="(Thorell)" authorityName="Knoflach & Harten" authorityYear="2006" baseAuthorityName="Thorell" baseAuthorityYear="1899" box="[729,982,145,164]" class="Arachnida" family="Theridiidae" genus="Tidarren" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="88" pageNumber="1569" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="scenicum">
|
||
<emphasis id="66ED387AB318A73DFD58FF63FCBEFF7F" box="[729,887,145,164]" italics="true" pageId="88" pageNumber="1569">Tidarren scenicum</emphasis>
|
||
(Thorell)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, female from Guinea- Bissau/Cote d’Ivoire/South Africa, respectively).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<paragraph id="5426E468B318A73DFF7FFF2DFB44FE5F" pageId="88" pageNumber="1569">
|
||
<table id="269916C8B318589AFF0BFF2DFB56FE5F" box="[138,1183,223,388]" colsContinueFrom="76.[138,1125,1502,1667]" colsContinueIn="98.[138,1125,1502,1667]" gridcols="7" gridrows="6" pageId="88" pageNumber="1569">
|
||
<tr id="EAA9E62AB318589AFF0BFF2DFB56FF29" box="[138,1183,223,242]" gridrow="0" pageId="88" pageNumber="1569" rowspan-0="1">
|
||
<th id="A9788F56B318589AFF47FF2DFE87FF29" box="[198,334,223,242]" gridcol="1" gridrow="0" pageId="88" pageNumber="1569">Fe</th>
|
||
<th id="A9788F56B318589AFEE7FF2DFE26FF29" box="[358,495,223,242]" gridcol="2" gridrow="0" pageId="88" pageNumber="1569">Pa</th>
|
||
<th id="A9788F56B318589AFD86FF2DFD46FF29" box="[519,655,223,242]" gridcol="3" gridrow="0" pageId="88" pageNumber="1569">Ti</th>
|
||
<th id="A9788F56B318589AFD27FF2DFCE7FF29" box="[678,814,223,242]" gridcol="4" gridrow="0" pageId="88" pageNumber="1569">Mt</th>
|
||
<th id="A9788F56B318589AFCD1FF2DFC11FF29" box="[848,984,223,242]" gridcol="5" gridrow="0" pageId="88" pageNumber="1569">Ta</th>
|
||
<th id="A9788F56B318589AFC75FF2DFB56FF29" box="[1012,1183,223,242]" gridcol="6" gridrow="0" pageId="88" pageNumber="1569">Total</th>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="EAA9E62AB318589AFF0BFEF5FB56FEC1" box="[138,1183,263,282]" gridrow="1" pageId="88" pageNumber="1569">
|
||
<th id="A9788F56B318589AFF0BFEF5FF7AFEC1" box="[138,179,263,282]" gridcol="0" gridrow="1" pageId="88" pageNumber="1569">Palp</th>
|
||
<td id="A9788F56B318589AFF47FEF5FE87FEC1" box="[198,334,263,282]" gridcol="1" gridrow="1" pageId="88" pageNumber="1569">0.49/–/0.44</td>
|
||
<td id="A9788F56B318589AFEE7FEF5FE26FEC1" box="[358,495,263,282]" gridcol="2" gridrow="1" pageId="88" pageNumber="1569">0.29/–/0.25</td>
|
||
<td id="A9788F56B318589AFD86FEF5FD46FEC1" box="[519,655,263,282]" gridcol="3" gridrow="1" pageId="88" pageNumber="1569">0.29/–/0.23</td>
|
||
<td id="A9788F56B318589AFD27FEF5FCE7FEC1" box="[678,814,263,282]" gridcol="4" gridrow="1" pageId="88" pageNumber="1569">–</td>
|
||
<td id="A9788F56B318589AFCD1FEF5FC11FEC1" box="[848,984,263,282]" gridcol="5" gridrow="1" pageId="88" pageNumber="1569">0.49/–/0.43</td>
|
||
<td id="A9788F56B318589AFC75FEF5FB56FEC1" box="[1012,1183,263,282]" gridcol="6" gridrow="1" pageId="88" pageNumber="1569">1.56/–/1.37</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="EAA9E62AB318589AFF0BFED0FB56FEEE" box="[138,1183,290,309]" gridrow="2" pageId="88" pageNumber="1569">
|
||
<th id="A9788F56B318589AFF0BFED0FF7AFEEE" box="[138,179,290,309]" gridcol="0" gridrow="2" pageId="88" pageNumber="1569">I</th>
|
||
<td id="A9788F56B318589AFF47FED0FE87FEEE" box="[198,334,290,309]" gridcol="1" gridrow="2" pageId="88" pageNumber="1569">3.60/3.72/3.72</td>
|
||
<td id="A9788F56B318589AFEE7FED0FE26FEEE" box="[358,495,290,309]" gridcol="2" gridrow="2" pageId="88" pageNumber="1569">0.82/0.94/0.82</td>
|
||
<td id="A9788F56B318589AFD86FED0FD46FEEE" box="[519,655,290,309]" gridcol="3" gridrow="2" pageId="88" pageNumber="1569">2.07/2.23/2.27</td>
|
||
<td id="A9788F56B318589AFD27FED0FCE7FEEE" box="[678,814,290,309]" gridcol="4" gridrow="2" pageId="88" pageNumber="1569">2.74/3.01/2.93</td>
|
||
<td id="A9788F56B318589AFCD1FED0FC11FEEE" box="[848,984,290,309]" gridcol="5" gridrow="2" pageId="88" pageNumber="1569">0.94/1.02/0.94</td>
|
||
<td id="A9788F56B318589AFC75FED0FB56FEEE" box="[1012,1183,290,309]" gridcol="6" gridrow="2" pageId="88" pageNumber="1569">10.17/10.92/10.68</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="EAA9E62AB318589AFF0BFECEFB56FE94" box="[138,1183,316,335]" gridrow="3" pageId="88" pageNumber="1569">
|
||
<th id="A9788F56B318589AFF0BFECEFF7AFE94" box="[138,179,316,335]" gridcol="0" gridrow="3" pageId="88" pageNumber="1569">II</th>
|
||
<td id="A9788F56B318589AFF47FECEFE87FE94" box="[198,334,316,335]" gridcol="1" gridrow="3" pageId="88" pageNumber="1569">2.07/2.35/2.23</td>
|
||
<td id="A9788F56B318589AFEE7FECEFE26FE94" box="[358,495,316,335]" gridcol="2" gridrow="3" pageId="88" pageNumber="1569">0.66/0.82/0.67</td>
|
||
<td id="A9788F56B318589AFD86FECEFD46FE94" box="[519,655,316,335]" gridcol="3" gridrow="3" pageId="88" pageNumber="1569">1.25/1.29/1.17</td>
|
||
<td id="A9788F56B318589AFD27FECEFCE7FE94" box="[678,814,316,335]" gridcol="4" gridrow="3" pageId="88" pageNumber="1569">1.68/1.92/1.68</td>
|
||
<td id="A9788F56B318589AFCD1FECEFC11FE94" box="[848,984,316,335]" gridcol="5" gridrow="3" pageId="88" pageNumber="1569">0.78/0.78/0.78</td>
|
||
<td id="A9788F56B318589AFC75FECEFB56FE94" box="[1012,1183,316,335]" gridcol="6" gridrow="3" pageId="88" pageNumber="1569">6.46/7.20/6.53</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="EAA9E62AB318589AFF0BFEA5FB56FEB1" box="[138,1183,343,362]" gridrow="4" pageId="88" pageNumber="1569">
|
||
<th id="A9788F56B318589AFF0BFEA5FF7AFEB1" box="[138,179,343,362]" gridcol="0" gridrow="4" pageId="88" pageNumber="1569">III</th>
|
||
<td id="A9788F56B318589AFF47FEA5FE87FEB1" box="[198,334,343,362]" gridcol="1" gridrow="4" pageId="88" pageNumber="1569">1.56/1.76/1.45</td>
|
||
<td id="A9788F56B318589AFEE7FEA5FE26FEB1" box="[358,495,343,362]" gridcol="2" gridrow="4" pageId="88" pageNumber="1569">0.55/0.67/0.59</td>
|
||
<td id="A9788F56B318589AFD86FEA5FD46FEB1" box="[519,655,343,362]" gridcol="3" gridrow="4" pageId="88" pageNumber="1569">0.82/0.94/0.82</td>
|
||
<td id="A9788F56B318589AFD27FEA5FCE7FEB1" box="[678,814,343,362]" gridcol="4" gridrow="4" pageId="88" pageNumber="1569">1.21/1.33/1.29</td>
|
||
<td id="A9788F56B318589AFCD1FEA5FC11FEB1" box="[848,984,343,362]" gridcol="5" gridrow="4" pageId="88" pageNumber="1569">0.70/0.70/0.67</td>
|
||
<td id="A9788F56B318589AFC75FEA5FB56FEB1" box="[1012,1183,343,362]" gridcol="6" gridrow="4" pageId="88" pageNumber="1569">4.85/5.40/4.81</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="EAA9E62AB318589AFF0BFE83FB56FE5F" box="[138,1183,369,388]" gridrow="5" pageId="88" pageNumber="1569">
|
||
<th id="A9788F56B318589AFF0BFE83FF7AFE5F" box="[138,179,369,388]" gridcol="0" gridrow="5" pageId="88" pageNumber="1569">IV</th>
|
||
<td id="A9788F56B318589AFF47FE83FE87FE5F" box="[198,334,369,388]" gridcol="1" gridrow="5" pageId="88" pageNumber="1569">2.86/3.01/2.90</td>
|
||
<td id="A9788F56B318589AFEE7FE83FE26FE5F" box="[358,495,369,388]" gridcol="2" gridrow="5" pageId="88" pageNumber="1569">0.78/0.90/0.78</td>
|
||
<td id="A9788F56B318589AFD86FE83FD46FE5F" box="[519,655,369,388]" gridcol="3" gridrow="5" pageId="88" pageNumber="1569">1.49/1.76/1.60</td>
|
||
<td id="A9788F56B318589AFD27FE83FCE7FE5F" box="[678,814,369,388]" gridcol="4" gridrow="5" pageId="88" pageNumber="1569">2.00/2.23/2.15</td>
|
||
<td id="A9788F56B318589AFCD1FE83FC11FE5F" box="[848,984,369,388]" gridcol="5" gridrow="5" pageId="88" pageNumber="1569">0.82/0.94/0.88</td>
|
||
<td id="A9788F56B318589AFC75FE83FB56FE5F" box="[1012,1183,369,388]" gridcol="6" gridrow="5" pageId="88" pageNumber="1569">7.94/8.84/8.31</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
</table>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<subSubSection id="1C83B7E3B318A73FFF0BFE31FF1DFE3E" lastPageId="90" lastPageNumber="1571" pageId="88" pageNumber="1569" type="materials_examined">
|
||
<paragraph id="5426E468B318A73DFF0BFE31FE58FE01" blockId="88.[138,401,450,474]" box="[138,401,450,474]" pageId="88" pageNumber="1569">
|
||
<emphasis id="66ED387AB318A73DFF0BFE31FE58FE01" box="[138,401,450,474]" italics="true" pageId="88" pageNumber="1569">
|
||
<typeStatus id="8B225ACAB318A73DFF0BFE31FF09FE01" box="[138,192,451,474]" pageId="88" pageNumber="1569">Type</typeStatus>
|
||
material examined
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="5426E468B318A73DFF0BFE01FCCCFD77" blockId="88.[138,1185,499,684]" pageId="88" pageNumber="1569">
|
||
<emphasis id="66ED387AB318A73DFF0BFE01FEDBFDD0" bold="true" box="[138,274,499,523]" pageId="88" pageNumber="1569">
|
||
<collectingCountry id="2C8EA4F8B318A73DFF0BFE01FEDBFDD0" box="[138,274,499,523]" name="Cameroon" pageId="88" pageNumber="1569">Cameroon</collectingCountry>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
:
|
||
<specimenCount id="429F2FE1B318A73DFEA5FE01FE89FDD1" box="[292,320,499,523]" pageId="88" pageNumber="1569" type="female">1♀</specimenCount>
|
||
, RMS No. 384 (
|
||
<typeStatus id="8B225ACAB318A73DFD89FE01FDF2FDD0" box="[520,571,499,523]" pageId="88" pageNumber="1569">type</typeStatus>
|
||
of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="93999FEBB318A73DFDE4FE06FD21FDD0" authorityName="Knoflach & Harten" authorityYear="2006" baseAuthorityName="Thorell" baseAuthorityYear="1899" box="[613,744,499,523]" class="Arachnida" family="Theridiidae" genus="Tidarren" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="88" pageNumber="1569" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="scenicum">
|
||
<emphasis id="66ED387AB318A73DFDE4FE06FD21FDD0" box="[613,744,499,523]" italics="true" pageId="88" pageNumber="1569">T. scenicum</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
), leg. Sjöstedt, 1891 (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="30089999B318A73DFC73FE01FB5DFDD0" author="Thorell T" box="[1010,1172,499,523]" pageId="88" pageNumber="1569" pagination="1 - 105" refId="ref53895" refString="Thorell T. 1899. Araneae Camerunenses (Africae occidentalis) quas anno 1891 colegerunt Cel. Dr. Y. Sjostedt alique. Bihang till Kongliga Svenska Vetenskaps-Akademiens Handlingar 25: 1 - 105." type="journal article" year="1899">Thorell 1899</bibRefCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
<emphasis id="66ED387AB318A73DFF0BFDE1FEFDFDF0" bold="true" box="[138,308,531,555]" pageId="88" pageNumber="1569">
|
||
<collectingCountry id="2C8EA4F8B318A73DFF0BFDE1FEFDFDF0" box="[138,308,531,555]" name="Ivory Coast" pageId="88" pageNumber="1569">Cote d’Ivoire</collectingCountry>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
:
|
||
<specimenCount id="429F2FE1B318A73DFEC5FDE1FEA9FDF1" box="[324,352,531,555]" pageId="88" pageNumber="1569" type="female">1♀</specimenCount>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectionCode id="32887CADB318A73DFEF1FDE1FE07FDF0" box="[368,462,531,555]" country="France" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34988" name="Museum National d'Histoire Naturelle" pageId="88" pageNumber="1569">MNHN</collectionCode>
|
||
AR 2606 (
|
||
<typeStatus id="8B225ACAB318A73DFDCEFDE1FD4BFDF0" box="[591,642,531,555]" pageId="88" pageNumber="1569">type</typeStatus>
|
||
of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="93999FEBB318A73DFD28FDE1FC42FDF0" authorityName="Simon" authorityYear="1899" box="[681,907,531,555]" class="Arachnida" family="Theridiidae" genus="Theridion" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="88" pageNumber="1569" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="turrigerum">
|
||
<emphasis id="66ED387AB318A73DFD28FDE1FC42FDF0" box="[681,907,531,555]" italics="true" pageId="88" pageNumber="1569">Theridion turrigerum</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
), at upper river Cavally ‘‘Haut Cavally’’ at frontier post Zo, leg. Ch. van Cassel,
|
||
<date id="2027C2A8B318A73DFCDAFDC1FBE8FD90" box="[859,1057,563,587]" pageId="88" pageNumber="1569" value="1899-09">September 1899</date>
|
||
(‘‘Soudan français, au poste du Zo’’ according to
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="30089999B318A73DFDE9FDA1FD35FDB0" author="Simon E" box="[616,764,595,619]" pageId="88" pageNumber="1569" pagination="416 - 418" refId="ref53771" refString="Simon E. 1899. Arachnides recueillis par M. Charles van Cassel, sous-officier d'infanterie attache a la mission du Cavally (Soudan francais), au poste du Zo, en Septembre 1899. Bulletin du Museum d'Histoire Naturelle 8: 416 - 418." type="journal article" year="1899">Simon 1899</bibRefCitation>
|
||
; Mali according to
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="30089999B318A73DFC6AFDA1FB5DFDB0" author="Platnick NI" box="[1003,1172,595,619]" pageId="88" pageNumber="1569" refId="ref53348" refString="Platnick NI. 2006. The world spider catalogue. Version 6.5. American Museum of Natural History. http: // research. amnh. org / entomology / spiders / catalog / INTRO 1. html." type="url" year="2006">Platnick 2006</bibRefCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
<emphasis id="66ED387AB318A73DFF0BFD86FE80FD57" bold="true" box="[138,329,628,652]" pageId="88" pageNumber="1569">
|
||
<collectingCountry id="2C8EA4F8B318A73DFF0BFD86FE80FD57" box="[138,329,628,652]" name="Guinea-Bissau" pageId="88" pageNumber="1569">Guinea-Bissau</collectingCountry>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
(‘‘Guinée portugaise’’):
|
||
<specimenCount id="429F2FE1B318A73DFD0DFD86FD60FD50" box="[652,681,628,652]" pageId="88" pageNumber="1569" type="female">1♀</specimenCount>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectionCode id="32887CADB318A73DFD45FD86FCEAFD57" box="[708,803,628,652]" country="France" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34988" name="Museum National d'Histoire Naturelle" pageId="88" pageNumber="1569">MNHN</collectionCode>
|
||
AR 2369 (
|
||
<typeStatus id="8B225ACAB318A73DFC46FD86FC33FD57" box="[967,1018,628,652]" pageId="88" pageNumber="1569">type</typeStatus>
|
||
of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="93999FEBB318A73DFBB9FD86FF26FD77" authorityName="Simon" authorityYear="1907" class="Arachnida" family="Theridiidae" genus="Theridion" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="88" pageNumber="1569" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="guineense">
|
||
<emphasis id="66ED387AB318A73DFBB9FD86FF26FD77" italics="true" pageId="88" pageNumber="1569">Theridion guineense</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
),
|
||
<collectingRegion id="965D2A8AB318A73DFE8BFD66FEAFFD77" box="[266,358,660,684]" country="Guinea-Bissau" name="Bolama" pageId="88" pageNumber="1569">Bolama</collectingRegion>
|
||
, 11
|
||
<emphasis id="66ED387AB318A73DFE10FD66FE52FD77" bold="true" box="[401,411,660,684]" italics="true" pageId="88" pageNumber="1569">°</emphasis>
|
||
359N, 15
|
||
<emphasis id="66ED387AB318A73DFD87FD66FDD9FD77" bold="true" box="[518,528,660,684]" italics="true" pageId="88" pageNumber="1569">°</emphasis>
|
||
289W (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="30089999B318A73DFDE3FD66FD31FD77" author="Simon E" box="[610,760,660,684]" pageId="88" pageNumber="1569" pagination="218 - 323" refId="ref53818" refString="Simon E. 1907. Arachnides recueillis par L. Fea sur la cote occidentale d'Afrique, 1 re partie. Annali del Museo Civico di Storia Naturale di Genova (Serie 3) 3 (43): 218 - 323, 3 figures." type="book chapter" year="1907">Simon 1907</bibRefCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="5426E468B318A73DFF0BFD17FE50FD26" blockId="88.[138,409,741,765]" box="[138,409,741,765]" pageId="88" pageNumber="1569">
|
||
<emphasis id="66ED387AB318A73DFF0BFD17FE50FD26" box="[138,409,741,765]" italics="true" pageId="88" pageNumber="1569">Other material examined</emphasis>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="5426E468B318A73DFF0BFCE7FEC0FC55" blockId="88.[138,1185,789,910]" pageId="88" pageNumber="1569">
|
||
<materialsCitation id="E4F1EE35B318A73DFF0BFCE7FBBDFC95" collectingDate="2001-03-31" collectionCode="NMBS" collectorName="P. Horak." country="South Africa" county="Mlilwane Game Reserve" location="Swaziland" municipality="Mlilwane" pageId="88" pageNumber="1569" specimenCount="1" specimenCount-female="1">
|
||
<emphasis id="66ED387AB318A73DFF0BFCE7FEFFFCF6" bold="true" box="[138,310,789,813]" pageId="88" pageNumber="1569">
|
||
<collectingCountry id="2C8EA4F8B318A73DFF0BFCE7FEFFFCF6" box="[138,310,789,813]" name="South Africa" pageId="88" pageNumber="1569">South Africa</collectingCountry>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
:
|
||
<specimenCount id="429F2FE1B318A73DFECCFCE7FEA0FCF7" box="[333,361,789,813]" pageId="88" pageNumber="1569" type="female">1♀</specimenCount>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectionCode id="32887CADB318A73DFE01FCE7FE1EFCF6" box="[384,471,789,813]" pageId="88" pageNumber="1569">NMBS</collectionCode>
|
||
,
|
||
<location id="5146B2B3B318A73DFE6BFCE7FDAAFCF6" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:DC30557EB316A73FFEF8FA0EFF1DFE3E:5146B2B3B318A73DFE6BFCE7FDAAFCF6" box="[490,611,789,813]" country="South Africa" county="Mlilwane Game Reserve" municipality="Mlilwane" name="Swaziland" pageId="88" pageNumber="1569">Swaziland</location>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingMunicipality id="B4427E12B318A73DFDF6FCE7FD2EFCF6" box="[631,743,789,813]" pageId="88" pageNumber="1569">Mlilwane</collectingMunicipality>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingCounty id="BD479CE4B318A73DFD7BFCE7FBE1FCF6" box="[762,1064,789,813]" pageId="88" pageNumber="1569">Mlilwane Game Reserve</collectingCounty>
|
||
,
|
||
<locationDeviation id="4594FD4AB318A73DFBBDFCE7FF32FC95" location="Mbabane" pageId="88" pageNumber="1569">
|
||
<quantity id="9361498DB318A73DFBBDFCE7FB4BFCF6" box="[1084,1154,789,813]" metricMagnitude="4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.0" pageId="88" pageNumber="1569" unit="km" value="20.0">20 km</quantity>
|
||
S Mbabane
|
||
</locationDeviation>
|
||
,
|
||
<date id="2027C2A8B318A73DFE91FCC4FE13FC95" box="[272,474,822,846]" pageId="88" pageNumber="1569" value="2001-03-31">
|
||
<collectingDate id="30633B40B318A73DFE91FCC4FE13FC95" box="[272,474,822,846]" pageId="88" pageNumber="1569" value="2001-03-31">31 March 2001</collectingDate>
|
||
</date>
|
||
, 26
|
||
<emphasis id="66ED387AB318A73DFD8DFCC7FDDFFC96" bold="true" box="[524,534,821,845]" italics="true" pageId="88" pageNumber="1569">°</emphasis>
|
||
229500S 31
|
||
<emphasis id="66ED387AB318A73DFD20FCC7FD62FC96" bold="true" box="[673,683,821,845]" italics="true" pageId="88" pageNumber="1569">°</emphasis>
|
||
039400E, near house, leg.
|
||
<collectorName id="F96C81BEB318A73DFC7BFCC4FBBDFC95" box="[1018,1140,822,846]" pageId="88" pageNumber="1569">P. Horak.</collectorName>
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
<materialsCitation id="E4F1EE35B318A73DFB05FCC4FEC0FC55" collectingDate="2005-06-06" collectorName="G. Alberti." country="South Africa" county="Gorge Pad" location="Drakensberge" municipality="Royal Natal National Park" pageId="88" pageNumber="1569" specimenCount="1" specimenCount-female="1">
|
||
<specimenCount id="429F2FE1B318A73DFB05FCC4FB68FC96" box="[1156,1185,822,846]" pageId="88" pageNumber="1569" type="female">1♀</specimenCount>
|
||
shrivelled, CTh,
|
||
<location id="5146B2B3B318A73DFED0FCA4FE3CFCB5" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:DC30557EB316A73FFEF8FA0EFF1DFE3E:5146B2B3B318A73DFED0FCA4FE3CFCB5" box="[337,501,854,878]" country="South Africa" county="Gorge Pad" municipality="Royal Natal National Park" name="Drakensberge" pageId="88" pageNumber="1569">Drakensberge</location>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingMunicipality id="B4427E12B318A73DFD83FCA4FCF4FCB5" box="[514,829,854,878]" pageId="88" pageNumber="1569">Royal Natal National Park</collectingMunicipality>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingCounty id="BD479CE4B318A73DFCC8FCA4FC02FCB5" box="[841,971,854,878]" pageId="88" pageNumber="1569">Gorge Pad</collectingCounty>
|
||
,
|
||
<date id="2027C2A8B318A73DFC59FCA4FBA2FCB5" box="[984,1131,854,878]" pageId="88" pageNumber="1569" value="2005-06-06">
|
||
<collectingDate id="30633B40B318A73DFC59FCA4FBA2FCB5" box="[984,1131,854,878]" pageId="88" pageNumber="1569" value="2005-06-06">6 June 2005</collectingDate>
|
||
</date>
|
||
, leg.
|
||
<collectorName id="F96C81BEB318A73DFF0BFC84FEC0FC55" box="[138,265,886,910]" pageId="88" pageNumber="1569">G. Alberti.</collectorName>
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="5426E468B318A73DFF0BFC35FE0AFC04" blockId="88.[138,451,967,991]" box="[138,451,967,991]" pageId="88" pageNumber="1569">
|
||
<emphasis id="66ED387AB318A73DFF0BFC35FE0AFC04" box="[138,451,967,991]" italics="true" pageId="88" pageNumber="1569">Diagnosis and differentiation</emphasis>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="5426E468B318A73DFF0BFC0AFB59FB8B" blockId="88.[138,1185,1016,1104]" pageId="88" pageNumber="1569">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="93999FEBB318A73DFF0BFC0AFE9BFBCB" authorityName="Knoflach & Harten" authorityYear="2006" baseAuthorityName="Thorell" baseAuthorityYear="1899" box="[138,338,1016,1040]" class="Arachnida" family="Theridiidae" genus="Tidarren" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="88" pageNumber="1569" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="scenicum">
|
||
<emphasis id="66ED387AB318A73DFF0BFC0AFE9BFBCB" box="[138,338,1016,1040]" italics="true" pageId="88" pageNumber="1569">Tidarren scenicum</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
is the largest species in the Old World, carapace
|
||
<quantity id="9361498DB318A73DFC16FC0AFBEBFBCB" box="[919,1058,1016,1040]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.5" metricValueMax="1.6" metricValueMin="1.4" pageId="88" pageNumber="1569" unit="mm" value="1.5" valueMax="1.6" valueMin="1.4">1.4–1.6 mm</quantity>
|
||
wide. The abdomen ends in a high tubercle (
|
||
<figureCitation id="CCA2F8EDB318A73DFDB2FBEAFD32FBEB" box="[563,763,1048,1072]" captionStart="Figures 172–180" captionStartId="73.[125,194,977,996]" captionTargetBox="[126,1170,133,941]" captionTargetId="figure-152@73.[126,1172,133,941]" captionTargetPageId="73" captionText="Figures 172–180. Female habitus. (172) Tidarren aethiops n. sp. from Democratic Republic of Congo. (173) T. afrum n. sp. from Cameroon. (174) T. circe n. sp. from Namibia. (175) T. griswoldi n. sp. from Cameroon. (176) T. lanceolatum n. sp. from Democratic Republic of Congo. (177) T. perplexum n. sp. from Cameroon. (178–180) T. scenicum (Thorell) from South Africa, Swaziland (178, 179) and from Cote d’Ivoire, Haute Cavally (180, type of Theridion turrigerum Simon). Photos from specimens preserved in alcohol." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5228597" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5228597/files/figure.png" pageId="88" pageNumber="1569">Figures 178–180</figureCitation>
|
||
). Epigynal protuberance small and rounded, barely sclerotized, receptacula rather large (
|
||
<figureCitation id="CCA2F8EDB318A73DFD7BFBCAFC0BFB8B" box="[762,962,1080,1104]" captionStart="Figures 216–221" captionStartId="87.[125,194,1468,1487]" captionTargetBox="[188,1115,140,1429]" captionTargetId="figure-0@87.[172,1124,133,1433]" captionTargetPageId="87" captionText="Figures 216–221. Tidarren scenicum (Thorell), from South Africa, Swaziland (216, 218, 220) and Guinea-Bissau (217, 219, 221; type of Theridion guineense Simon). Female epigynum/vulva in lateral (216, 217), ventral (218, 219), dorsal (220), and aboral view (221). Scale bars: 0.1 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5228613" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5228613/files/figure.png" pageId="88" pageNumber="1569">Figures 216–221</figureCitation>
|
||
). Male unknown.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="5426E468B318A73DFF0BFB7BFEA7FB7A" blockId="88.[138,366,1161,1185]" box="[138,366,1161,1185]" pageId="88" pageNumber="1569">
|
||
<emphasis id="66ED387AB318A73DFF0BFB7BFEA7FB7A" box="[138,366,1161,1185]" italics="true" pageId="88" pageNumber="1569">Measurements (mm)</emphasis>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="5426E468B318A73DFF0BFB4BFB68FA48" blockId="88.[138,1185,1209,1427]" pageId="88" pageNumber="1569">
|
||
[Female from
|
||
<collectingCountry id="2C8EA4F8B318A73DFEB7FB4BFE16FB0A" box="[310,479,1209,1233]" name="Guinea-Bissau" pageId="88" pageNumber="1569">Guinea-Bissau</collectingCountry>
|
||
(
|
||
<typeStatus id="8B225ACAB318A73DFE73FB4BFDECFB0A" box="[498,549,1209,1233]" pageId="88" pageNumber="1569">type</typeStatus>
|
||
of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="93999FEBB318A73DFDD1FB48FD13FB0A" authorityName="Simon" authorityYear="1907" box="[592,730,1209,1233]" class="Arachnida" family="Theridiidae" genus="Theridion" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="88" pageNumber="1569" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="guineense">
|
||
<emphasis id="66ED387AB318A73DFDD1FB48FD13FB0A" box="[592,730,1209,1233]" italics="true" pageId="88" pageNumber="1569">T. guineense</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
)/
|
||
<collectingCountry id="2C8EA4F8B318A73DFD6AFB4BFC40FB0A" box="[747,905,1209,1233]" name="Ivory Coast" pageId="88" pageNumber="1569">Cote d’Ivoire</collectingCountry>
|
||
(
|
||
<typeStatus id="8B225ACAB318A73DFC1AFB4BFC07FB0A" box="[923,974,1209,1233]" pageId="88" pageNumber="1569">type</typeStatus>
|
||
of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="93999FEBB318A73DFC78FB48FB46FB0A" authorityName="Simon" authorityYear="1899" box="[1017,1167,1209,1233]" class="Arachnida" family="Theridiidae" genus="Theridion" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="88" pageNumber="1569" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="turrigerum">
|
||
<emphasis id="66ED387AB318A73DFC78FB48FB46FB0A" box="[1017,1167,1209,1233]" italics="true" pageId="88" pageNumber="1569">T. turrigerum</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
)/
|
||
<collectingCountry id="2C8EA4F8B318A73DFF0BFB28FEEAFB29" box="[138,291,1242,1266]" name="South Africa" pageId="88" pageNumber="1569">South Africa</collectingCountry>
|
||
, respectively.] Total length 5.79/5.36/4.73, carapace length 1.76/1.88/1.72, width 1.45/1.60/1.49, length femur I 3.60/3.72/3.72, tibia I 2.15/2.23/2.27. Abdomen 4.70/5.67/4.81 high, 3.52/3.80/3.21 long, and 3.13/3.21/2.78 wide. Ventral side (distance petiolus to spinnerets) 2.74/2.78/2.50 long. Clypeus 0.43–0.45 high, chelicerae 0.57–0.66 long. Sternum 0.98–1.13 long and 0.86–0.88 wide. Gnathocoxae 0.53–0.55 long and 0.21– 0.25 wide, labium 0.18–0.20 long and 0.37–0.39 wide. Leg formula 1423, see Table XXI.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="5426E468B318A73DFF0BFA39FD51FA38" blockId="88.[138,664,1483,1507]" box="[138,664,1483,1507]" pageId="88" pageNumber="1569">
|
||
<emphasis id="66ED387AB318A73DFF0BFA39FD51FA38" box="[138,664,1483,1507]" italics="true" pageId="88" pageNumber="1569">
|
||
Somatic features, colouration (
|
||
<figureCitation id="CCA2F8EDB318A73DFE54FA39FD59FA38" box="[469,656,1483,1507]" captionStart="Figures 172–180" captionStartId="73.[125,194,977,996]" captionTargetBox="[126,1170,133,941]" captionTargetId="figure-152@73.[126,1172,133,941]" captionTargetPageId="73" captionText="Figures 172–180. Female habitus. (172) Tidarren aethiops n. sp. from Democratic Republic of Congo. (173) T. afrum n. sp. from Cameroon. (174) T. circe n. sp. from Namibia. (175) T. griswoldi n. sp. from Cameroon. (176) T. lanceolatum n. sp. from Democratic Republic of Congo. (177) T. perplexum n. sp. from Cameroon. (178–180) T. scenicum (Thorell) from South Africa, Swaziland (178, 179) and from Cote d’Ivoire, Haute Cavally (180, type of Theridion turrigerum Simon). Photos from specimens preserved in alcohol." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5228597" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5228597/files/figure.png" pageId="88" pageNumber="1569">Figures 178–180</figureCitation>
|
||
)
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="5426E468B318A73CFF0BFA0EFB5CFE1F" blockId="88.[138,1185,1532,1685]" lastBlockId="89.[125,1173,137,452]" lastPageId="89" lastPageNumber="1570" pageId="88" pageNumber="1569">
|
||
[Based on females from
|
||
<collectingCountry id="2C8EA4F8B318A73DFE20FA0EFDF4F9CF" box="[417,573,1532,1556]" name="Ivory Coast" pageId="88" pageNumber="1569">Cote d’Ivoire</collectingCountry>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingCountry id="2C8EA4F8B318A73DFDC9FA0EFD3CF9CF" box="[584,757,1532,1556]" name="Guinea-Bissau" pageId="88" pageNumber="1569">Guinea-Bissau</collectingCountry>
|
||
, and
|
||
<collectingCountry id="2C8EA4F8B318A73DFCB3FA0EFC05F9CF" box="[818,972,1532,1556]" name="South Africa" pageId="88" pageNumber="1569">South Africa</collectingCountry>
|
||
.] Sternum without posterior tubercle. Abdomen higher than long, forming a large dorsal hump (
|
||
<figureCitation id="CCA2F8EDB318A73DFB91F9EEFF73F98F" captionStart="Figures 172–180" captionStartId="73.[125,194,977,996]" captionTargetBox="[126,1170,133,941]" captionTargetId="figure-152@73.[126,1172,133,941]" captionTargetPageId="73" captionText="Figures 172–180. Female habitus. (172) Tidarren aethiops n. sp. from Democratic Republic of Congo. (173) T. afrum n. sp. from Cameroon. (174) T. circe n. sp. from Namibia. (175) T. griswoldi n. sp. from Cameroon. (176) T. lanceolatum n. sp. from Democratic Republic of Congo. (177) T. perplexum n. sp. from Cameroon. (178–180) T. scenicum (Thorell) from South Africa, Swaziland (178, 179) and from Cote d’Ivoire, Haute Cavally (180, type of Theridion turrigerum Simon). Photos from specimens preserved in alcohol." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5228597" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5228597/files/figure.png" pageId="88" pageNumber="1569">Figures 178, 180</figureCitation>
|
||
), so that the species name
|
||
<taxonomicName id="93999FEBB318A73DFE7BF9CFFD46F98F" authorityName="Simon" authorityYear="1899" box="[506,655,1596,1620]" class="Arachnida" family="Theridiidae" genus="Theridion" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="88" pageNumber="1569" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="turrigerum">
|
||
<emphasis id="66ED387AB318A73DFE7BF9CFFD46F98F" box="[506,655,1596,1620]" italics="true" pageId="88" pageNumber="1569">T. turrigerum</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
chosen by
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="30089999B318A73DFC97F9CEFC72F98F" author="Simon E" box="[790,955,1596,1620]" pageId="88" pageNumber="1569" pagination="416 - 418" refId="ref53771" refString="Simon E. 1899. Arachnides recueillis par M. Charles van Cassel, sous-officier d'infanterie attache a la mission du Cavally (Soudan francais), au poste du Zo, en Septembre 1899. Bulletin du Museum d'Histoire Naturelle 8: 416 - 418." type="journal article" year="1899">Simon (1899)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
would be apposite. Carapace light yellow with broad dark margins and dark brown median band (
|
||
<figureCitation id="CCA2F8EDB318A73DFB91F9AFFB5AF9AE" box="[1040,1171,1629,1653]" captionStart="Figures 172–180" captionStartId="73.[125,194,977,996]" captionTargetBox="[126,1170,133,941]" captionTargetId="figure-152@73.[126,1172,133,941]" captionTargetPageId="73" captionText="Figures 172–180. Female habitus. (172) Tidarren aethiops n. sp. from Democratic Republic of Congo. (173) T. afrum n. sp. from Cameroon. (174) T. circe n. sp. from Namibia. (175) T. griswoldi n. sp. from Cameroon. (176) T. lanceolatum n. sp. from Democratic Republic of Congo. (177) T. perplexum n. sp. from Cameroon. (178–180) T. scenicum (Thorell) from South Africa, Swaziland (178, 179) and from Cote d’Ivoire, Haute Cavally (180, type of Theridion turrigerum Simon). Photos from specimens preserved in alcohol." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5228597" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5228597/files/figure.png" pageId="88" pageNumber="1569">Figure 179</figureCitation>
|
||
), which branches laterally at centre of carapace. Chelicerae light brown, labium and gnathocoxae light yellow. Sternum light yellow with dark patches at margins and some median spots. Legs and pedipalps light yellow with dark patches and annulations, especially femur, tibia, and metatarsus I covered with numerous fine dots. Abdomen brownish, with white guanin markings and some dark pigmentation; broad and light dorsal median area outlined by distinct white stripes, which branch laterally and end shortly before tip of abdomen; surrounding lateral area darker. Aboral field whitish, partially overlain by dark pigmentation, with distinct white median stripe from apex to spinnerets. Epigastric region light, book lung covers light yellow. Venter uniformly light brown or with a few white patches. Spinnerets light brown. The
|
||
<typeStatus id="8B225ACAB319A73CFDAEFE7EFDA9FE7F" box="[559,608,396,420]" pageId="89" pageNumber="1570">type</typeStatus>
|
||
of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="93999FEBB319A73CFD05FE7FFCC3FE7F" authorityName="Simon" authorityYear="1907" box="[644,778,396,420]" class="Arachnida" family="Theridiidae" genus="Theridion" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="89" pageNumber="1570" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="guineense">
|
||
<emphasis id="66ED387AB319A73CFD05FE7FFCC3FE7F" box="[644,778,396,420]" italics="true" pageId="89" pageNumber="1570">T. guineense</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
is largely light yellow and perhaps partially faded (
|
||
<figureCitation id="CCA2F8EDB319A73CFEB3FE5EFE7DFE1F" box="[306,436,428,452]" captionStart="Figures 172–180" captionStartId="73.[125,194,977,996]" captionTargetBox="[126,1170,133,941]" captionTargetId="figure-152@73.[126,1172,133,941]" captionTargetPageId="73" captionText="Figures 172–180. Female habitus. (172) Tidarren aethiops n. sp. from Democratic Republic of Congo. (173) T. afrum n. sp. from Cameroon. (174) T. circe n. sp. from Namibia. (175) T. griswoldi n. sp. from Cameroon. (176) T. lanceolatum n. sp. from Democratic Republic of Congo. (177) T. perplexum n. sp. from Cameroon. (178–180) T. scenicum (Thorell) from South Africa, Swaziland (178, 179) and from Cote d’Ivoire, Haute Cavally (180, type of Theridion turrigerum Simon). Photos from specimens preserved in alcohol." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5228597" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5228597/files/figure.png" pageId="89" pageNumber="1570">Figure 180</figureCitation>
|
||
), though
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="30089999B319A73CFDA2FE5EFD0FFE1F" author="Simon E" box="[547,710,428,452]" pageId="89" pageNumber="1570" pagination="218 - 323" refId="ref53818" refString="Simon E. 1907. Arachnides recueillis par L. Fea sur la cote occidentale d'Afrique, 1 re partie. Annali del Museo Civico di Storia Naturale di Genova (Serie 3) 3 (43): 218 - 323, 3 figures." type="book chapter" year="1907">Simon (1907)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
mentioned the light yellow colouration.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="5426E468B319A73CFFFCFE0FFDD9FDCE" blockId="89.[125,528,509,533]" box="[125,528,509,533]" pageId="89" pageNumber="1570">
|
||
<emphasis id="66ED387AB319A73CFFFCFE0FFDD9FDCE" box="[125,528,509,533]" italics="true" pageId="89" pageNumber="1570">
|
||
Epigynum, vulva (
|
||
<figureCitation id="CCA2F8EDB319A73CFECCFE0FFDC1FDCE" box="[333,520,509,533]" captionStart="Figures 216–221" captionStartId="87.[125,194,1468,1487]" captionTargetBox="[188,1115,140,1429]" captionTargetId="figure-0@87.[172,1124,133,1433]" captionTargetPageId="87" captionText="Figures 216–221. Tidarren scenicum (Thorell), from South Africa, Swaziland (216, 218, 220) and Guinea-Bissau (217, 219, 221; type of Theridion guineense Simon). Female epigynum/vulva in lateral (216, 217), ventral (218, 219), dorsal (220), and aboral view (221). Scale bars: 0.1 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5228613" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5228613/files/figure.png" pageId="89" pageNumber="1570">Figures 216–221</figureCitation>
|
||
)
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="5426E468B319A73CFFFCFDDCFD02FCB1" blockId="89.[125,1172,558,874]" pageId="89" pageNumber="1570">
|
||
Epigynal protuberance rounded, short in comparison with body size (
|
||
<figureCitation id="CCA2F8EDB319A73CFC45FDDCFB46FD9D" box="[964,1167,558,582]" captionStart="Figures 172–180" captionStartId="73.[125,194,977,996]" captionTargetBox="[126,1170,133,941]" captionTargetId="figure-152@73.[126,1172,133,941]" captionTargetPageId="73" captionText="Figures 172–180. Female habitus. (172) Tidarren aethiops n. sp. from Democratic Republic of Congo. (173) T. afrum n. sp. from Cameroon. (174) T. circe n. sp. from Namibia. (175) T. griswoldi n. sp. from Cameroon. (176) T. lanceolatum n. sp. from Democratic Republic of Congo. (177) T. perplexum n. sp. from Cameroon. (178–180) T. scenicum (Thorell) from South Africa, Swaziland (178, 179) and from Cote d’Ivoire, Haute Cavally (180, type of Theridion turrigerum Simon). Photos from specimens preserved in alcohol." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5228597" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5228597/files/figure.png" pageId="89" pageNumber="1570">Figures 178, 180</figureCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<figureCitation id="CCA2F8EDB319A73CFFFCFDBCFF39FDBD" box="[125,240,590,614]" captionStart="Figures 216–221" captionStartId="87.[125,194,1468,1487]" captionTargetBox="[188,1115,140,1429]" captionTargetId="figure-0@87.[172,1124,133,1433]" captionTargetPageId="87" captionText="Figures 216–221. Tidarren scenicum (Thorell), from South Africa, Swaziland (216, 218, 220) and Guinea-Bissau (217, 219, 221; type of Theridion guineense Simon). Female epigynum/vulva in lateral (216, 217), ventral (218, 219), dorsal (220), and aboral view (221). Scale bars: 0.1 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5228613" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5228613/files/figure.png" pageId="89" pageNumber="1570">216, 217</figureCitation>
|
||
), ca
|
||
<quantity id="9361498DB319A73CFEB0FDBCFE10FDBD" box="[305,473,590,614]" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.15" metricValueMax="1.2" metricValueMin="1.1" pageId="89" pageNumber="1570" unit="mm" value="0.11499999999999999" valueMax="0.12" valueMin="0.11">0.11–0.12 mm</quantity>
|
||
long, directed posteriorly; protuberance whitish, scarcely sclerotized, in contrast to surrounding sclerotized integument. In aboral view protuberance clearly delimited from surrounding integument (
|
||
<figureCitation id="CCA2F8EDB319A73CFD3EFD7DFC8AFD7C" box="[703,835,655,679]" captionStart="Figures 216–221" captionStartId="87.[125,194,1468,1487]" captionTargetBox="[188,1115,140,1429]" captionTargetId="figure-0@87.[172,1124,133,1433]" captionTargetPageId="87" captionText="Figures 216–221. Tidarren scenicum (Thorell), from South Africa, Swaziland (216, 218, 220) and Guinea-Bissau (217, 219, 221; type of Theridion guineense Simon). Female epigynum/vulva in lateral (216, 217), ventral (218, 219), dorsal (220), and aboral view (221). Scale bars: 0.1 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5228613" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5228613/files/figure.png" pageId="89" pageNumber="1570">Figure 221</figureCitation>
|
||
). Copulatory ducts fused to tiny atrium at entrance (
|
||
<figureCitation id="CCA2F8EDB319A73CFE2BFD5DFDB1FD1C" box="[426,632,687,711]" captionStart="Figures 216–221" captionStartId="87.[125,194,1468,1487]" captionTargetBox="[188,1115,140,1429]" captionTargetId="figure-0@87.[172,1124,133,1433]" captionTargetPageId="87" captionText="Figures 216–221. Tidarren scenicum (Thorell), from South Africa, Swaziland (216, 218, 220) and Guinea-Bissau (217, 219, 221; type of Theridion guineense Simon). Female epigynum/vulva in lateral (216, 217), ventral (218, 219), dorsal (220), and aboral view (221). Scale bars: 0.1 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5228613" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5228613/files/figure.png" pageId="89" pageNumber="1570">Figures 218, 219</figureCitation>
|
||
), short,
|
||
<quantity id="9361498DB319A73CFD60FD5DFC8EFD1C" box="[737,839,687,711]" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.4" pageId="89" pageNumber="1570" unit="mm" value="0.14">0.14 mm</quantity>
|
||
long. Copulatory orifice at anterior border of epigynal protuberance, in ventral view behind posterior end of receptacula. Copulatory ducts run foward for a short distance and abruptly diverge laterally. They enter receptacula posteriorly, at inner side (
|
||
<figureCitation id="CCA2F8EDB319A73CFCE7FCE3FC23FCF2" box="[870,1002,785,809]" captionStart="Figures 216–221" captionStartId="87.[125,194,1468,1487]" captionTargetBox="[188,1115,140,1429]" captionTargetId="figure-0@87.[172,1124,133,1433]" captionTargetPageId="87" captionText="Figures 216–221. Tidarren scenicum (Thorell), from South Africa, Swaziland (216, 218, 220) and Guinea-Bissau (217, 219, 221; type of Theridion guineense Simon). Female epigynum/vulva in lateral (216, 217), ventral (218, 219), dorsal (220), and aboral view (221). Scale bars: 0.1 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5228613" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5228613/files/figure.png" pageId="89" pageNumber="1570">Figure 220</figureCitation>
|
||
). Receptacula seminis large,
|
||
<quantity id="9361498DB319A73CFEADFCC3FE1AFC92" box="[300,467,817,841]" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.95" metricValueMax="3.2" metricValueMin="2.7" pageId="89" pageNumber="1570" unit="mm" value="0.295" valueMax="0.32" valueMin="0.27">0.27–0.32 mm</quantity>
|
||
long and
|
||
<quantity id="9361498DB319A73CFDD4FCC3FD34FC92" box="[597,765,817,841]" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.85" metricValueMax="2.1" metricValueMin="1.6" pageId="89" pageNumber="1570" unit="mm" value="0.185" valueMax="0.21" valueMin="0.16">0.16–0.21 mm</quantity>
|
||
wide. Epigynal protuberance less than half length of receptacula (
|
||
<figureCitation id="CCA2F8EDB319A73CFE72FCA0FD77FCB1" box="[499,702,850,874]" captionStart="Figures 216–221" captionStartId="87.[125,194,1468,1487]" captionTargetBox="[188,1115,140,1429]" captionTargetId="figure-0@87.[172,1124,133,1433]" captionTargetPageId="87" captionText="Figures 216–221. Tidarren scenicum (Thorell), from South Africa, Swaziland (216, 218, 220) and Guinea-Bissau (217, 219, 221; type of Theridion guineense Simon). Female epigynum/vulva in lateral (216, 217), ventral (218, 219), dorsal (220), and aboral view (221). Scale bars: 0.1 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5228613" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5228613/files/figure.png" pageId="89" pageNumber="1570">Figures 218, 219</figureCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="5426E468B319A73CFFFCFC50FE55FC61" blockId="89.[125,412,930,954]" box="[125,412,930,954]" pageId="89" pageNumber="1570">
|
||
<emphasis id="66ED387AB319A73CFFFCFC50FE55FC61" box="[125,412,930,954]" italics="true" pageId="89" pageNumber="1570">
|
||
Distribution (
|
||
<figureCitation id="CCA2F8EDB319A73CFE8EFC50FE5CFC61" box="[271,405,930,954]" captionStart="Figure 259" captionStartId="110.[138,198,1491,1510]" captionTargetBox="[183,1140,133,1446]" captionTargetId="figure-1@110.[183,1140,132,1456]" captionTargetPageId="110" captionText="Figure 259. (a, b) Tidarren sp. from Madagascar, Nosy Be. Left male palp, expanded, prolateral (a) and retrolateral (b). (c) Distribution of four Tidarren species, T. argo Knoflach and van Harten, T. cuneolatum (Tullgren), T. obtusum n. sp., and T. scenicum (Thorell)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5228635" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5228635/files/figure.png" pageId="89" pageNumber="1570">Figure 259c</figureCitation>
|
||
)
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="5426E468B319A73CFFFCFC21FF05FBD7" blockId="89.[125,1172,979,1036]" pageId="89" pageNumber="1570">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="93999FEBB319A73CFFFCFC21FE8EFC30" authorityName="Knoflach & Harten" authorityYear="2006" baseAuthorityName="Thorell" baseAuthorityYear="1899" box="[125,327,979,1003]" class="Arachnida" family="Theridiidae" genus="Tidarren" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="89" pageNumber="1570" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="scenicum">
|
||
<emphasis id="66ED387AB319A73CFFFCFC21FE8EFC30" box="[125,327,979,1003]" italics="true" pageId="89" pageNumber="1570">Tidarren scenicum</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, although known from
|
||
<specimenCount id="429F2FE1B319A73CFDE9FC21FD3AFC30" box="[616,755,979,1003]" pageId="89" pageNumber="1570" type="female">five females</specimenCount>
|
||
only, appears to be widespread in Africa.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="5426E468B319A73CFFFCFBB6FF39FB87" blockId="89.[125,240,1092,1116]" box="[125,240,1092,1116]" pageId="89" pageNumber="1570">
|
||
<emphasis id="66ED387AB319A73CFFFCFBB6FF39FB87" box="[125,240,1092,1116]" italics="true" pageId="89" pageNumber="1570">Synonymy</emphasis>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="5426E468B319A73CFFFCFB87FD7AFAAB" blockId="89.[125,1173,1141,1684]" pageId="89" pageNumber="1570">
|
||
Both
|
||
<taxonomicName id="93999FEBB319A73CFF3FFB87FDFFFB56" authority="Simon, 1899" authorityName="Simon" authorityYear="1899" box="[190,566,1141,1165]" class="Arachnida" family="Theridiidae" genus="Tidarren" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="89" pageNumber="1570" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="turrigerum">
|
||
<emphasis id="66ED387AB319A73CFF3FFB87FE5EFB56" box="[190,407,1141,1165]" italics="true" pageId="89" pageNumber="1570">Tidarren turrigerum</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="30089999B319A73CFE1EFB87FDFFFB56" author="Simon E" box="[415,566,1141,1165]" pageId="89" pageNumber="1570" pagination="416 - 418" refId="ref53771" refString="Simon E. 1899. Arachnides recueillis par M. Charles van Cassel, sous-officier d'infanterie attache a la mission du Cavally (Soudan francais), au poste du Zo, en Septembre 1899. Bulletin du Museum d'Histoire Naturelle 8: 416 - 418." type="journal article" year="1899">Simon, 1899</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="93999FEBB319A73CFDF3FB84FC50FB56" authority="Simon, 1907" authorityName="Simon" authorityYear="1907" box="[626,921,1141,1165]" class="Arachnida" family="Theridiidae" genus="Theridion" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="89" pageNumber="1570" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="guineense">
|
||
<emphasis id="66ED387AB319A73CFDF3FB84FD30FB56" box="[626,761,1141,1165]" italics="true" pageId="89" pageNumber="1570">T. guineense</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="30089999B319A73CFC83FB87FC50FB56" author="Simon E" box="[770,921,1141,1165]" pageId="89" pageNumber="1570" pagination="218 - 323" refId="ref53818" refString="Simon E. 1907. Arachnides recueillis par L. Fea sur la cote occidentale d'Afrique, 1 re partie. Annali del Museo Civico di Storia Naturale di Genova (Serie 3) 3 (43): 218 - 323, 3 figures." type="book chapter" year="1907">Simon, 1907</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
correspond well with the
|
||
<typeStatus id="8B225ACAB319A73CFF2EFB64FF29FB75" box="[175,224,1174,1198]" pageId="89" pageNumber="1570">type</typeStatus>
|
||
of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="93999FEBB319A73CFE90FB64FD82FB75" authority="Thorell, 1899" authorityName="Thorell" authorityYear="1899" box="[273,587,1174,1198]" class="Arachnida" family="Theridiidae" genus="Tidarren" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="89" pageNumber="1570" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="scenicum">
|
||
<emphasis id="66ED387AB319A73CFE90FB64FE51FB75" box="[273,408,1174,1198]" italics="true" pageId="89" pageNumber="1570">T. scenicum</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="30089999B319A73CFE25FB64FD82FB75" author="Thorell T" box="[420,587,1174,1198]" pageId="89" pageNumber="1570" pagination="1 - 105" refId="ref53895" refString="Thorell T. 1899. Araneae Camerunenses (Africae occidentalis) quas anno 1891 colegerunt Cel. Dr. Y. Sjostedt alique. Bihang till Kongliga Svenska Vetenskaps-Akademiens Handlingar 25: 1 - 105." type="journal article" year="1899">
|
||
Thorell,
|
||
<quantity id="9361498DB319A73CFD91FB64FD82FB75" box="[528,587,1174,1198]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.82346" pageId="89" pageNumber="1570" unit="in" value="1899.0">1899</quantity>
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
in body dimensions, shape of abdomen and of epigynum, and are therefore considered as synonyms.
|
||
<taxonomicName id="93999FEBB319A73CFC89FB44FC2CFB15" authorityName="Knoflach & Harten" authorityYear="2006" baseAuthorityName="Simon" baseAuthorityYear="1884" box="[776,997,1206,1230]" class="Arachnida" family="Theridiidae" genus="Tidarren" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="89" pageNumber="1570" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="fornicatum">
|
||
<emphasis id="66ED387AB319A73CFC89FB44FC2CFB15" box="[776,997,1206,1230]" italics="true" pageId="89" pageNumber="1570">Tidarren fornicatum</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
was described from a juvenile female from
|
||
<collectingCountry id="2C8EA4F8B319A73CFE66FB25FDF8FB34" box="[487,561,1239,1263]" name="Sudan" pageId="89" pageNumber="1570">Sudan</collectingCountry>
|
||
(sub
|
||
<taxonomicName id="93999FEBB319A73CFD00FB25FCA5FB34" authorityName="Simon" authorityYear="1884" box="[641,876,1239,1263]" class="Arachnida" family="Theridiidae" genus="Theridion" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="89" pageNumber="1570" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="fornicatum">
|
||
<emphasis id="66ED387AB319A73CFD00FB25FCA5FB34" box="[641,876,1239,1263]" italics="true" pageId="89" pageNumber="1570">Theridion fornicatum</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="30089999B319A73CFC02FB25FBD4FB34" author="Simon E" box="[899,1053,1239,1263]" pageId="89" pageNumber="1570" pagination="1 - 28" refId="ref53730" refString="Simon E. 1884. Arachnides recueillis a Khartoum (Soudan egyptien) par M. Vossion, vice-consul de France et appartenant au Museum de Paris. Bulletin de la Societe Zoologique de France 9: 1 - 28." type="journal article" year="1884">Simon 1884</bibRefCitation>
|
||
). General appearance, especially the large abdominal hump, agrees with the female of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="93999FEBB319A73CFB88FB0AFB44FAD4" authorityName="Thorell" authorityYear="1899" box="[1033,1165,1271,1295]" class="Arachnida" family="Theridiidae" genus="Tidarren" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="89" pageNumber="1570" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="scenicum">
|
||
<emphasis id="66ED387AB319A73CFB88FB0AFB44FAD4" box="[1033,1165,1271,1295]" italics="true" pageId="89" pageNumber="1570">T. scenicum</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. Nevertheless, this species should not be proposed as a senior synonym without knowledge of the genitalia. Otherwise,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="93999FEBB319A73CFE46FACAFD96FA8B" authorityName="Simon" authorityYear="1884" box="[455,607,1336,1360]" class="Arachnida" family="Theridiidae" genus="Theridion" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="89" pageNumber="1570" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="fornicatum">
|
||
<emphasis id="66ED387AB319A73CFE46FACAFD96FA8B" box="[455,607,1336,1360]" italics="true" pageId="89" pageNumber="1570">T. fornicatum</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
would have priority. Further material from the
|
||
<typeStatus id="8B225ACAB319A73CFFFCFAAAFF67FAAB" box="[125,174,1368,1392]" pageId="89" pageNumber="1570">type</typeStatus>
|
||
region would probably clarify this problem.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="5426E468B319A73FFF19FA8BFDE0FE98" blockId="89.[125,1173,1141,1684]" lastBlockId="90.[138,1185,137,485]" lastPageId="90" lastPageNumber="1571" pageId="89" pageNumber="1570">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="93999FEBB319A73CFF19FA8BFE07FA4A" authority="Simon" authorityName="Simon" authorityYear="1899" box="[152,462,1401,1425]" class="Arachnida" family="Theridiidae" genus="Theridion" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="89" pageNumber="1570" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="turrigerum">
|
||
<emphasis id="66ED387AB319A73CFF19FA8BFEB3FA4A" box="[152,378,1401,1425]" italics="true" pageId="89" pageNumber="1570">Theridion turrigerum</emphasis>
|
||
Simon
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="93999FEBB319A73CFD88FA88FD20FA4A" authority="Thorell" authorityName="Thorell" authorityYear="1899" box="[521,745,1401,1425]" class="Arachnida" family="Theridiidae" genus="Tidarren" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="89" pageNumber="1570" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="scenicum">
|
||
<emphasis id="66ED387AB319A73CFD88FA88FD43FA4A" box="[521,650,1401,1425]" italics="true" pageId="89" pageNumber="1570">T. scenicum</emphasis>
|
||
Thorell
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
are clearly synonyms, but were both described in 1899. The exact date of publication should decide on the priority. Thorell’s paper was almost certainly printed in 1899. It is the first part of
|
||
<emphasis id="66ED387AB319A73CFCD9FA48FDC1FA29" italics="true" pageId="89" pageNumber="1570">Bihang till Kongliga Svenska Vetenskaps-Akademiens Handlingar</emphasis>
|
||
, Volume 25, Section IV, Zoology. This volume contains six independently paginated papers, each with a separate title page, papers 1–3 having the printing year 1899 and papers
|
||
<date id="2027C2A8B319A73CFE68F9E9FD91F9E8" box="[489,600,1563,1587]" pageId="89" pageNumber="1570" value="1900-06-04">4–6 1900</date>
|
||
(T. Kronestedt, in litt.). The ‘‘communicatum’’ date of the reprint,
|
||
<date id="2027C2A8B319A73CFEDCF9CEFDEBF98F" box="[349,546,1596,1620]" pageId="89" pageNumber="1570" value="1899-02-08">8 February 1899</date>
|
||
, has nothing to do with the printing date but indicates that the paper was presented to the academy early in 1899 and thus was almost certainly printed in the same year (T. Kronestedt, in litt.). The footnote on the reprint of Simon’s work, ‘‘Imprimerie nationale—
|
||
<date id="2027C2A8B31AA73FFE72FF7BFD44FF7A" box="[499,653,137,161]" pageId="90" pageNumber="1571" value="1900-01">Janvier 1900</date>
|
||
’’ indicates that the actual date of publication was later. For this reason,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="93999FEBB31AA73FFE3CFF58FDF4FF1A" authorityName="Thorell" authorityYear="1899" box="[445,573,169,193]" class="Arachnida" family="Theridiidae" genus="Tidarren" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="90" pageNumber="1571" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="scenicum">
|
||
<emphasis id="66ED387AB31AA73FFE3CFF58FDF4FF1A" box="[445,573,169,193]" italics="true" pageId="90" pageNumber="1571">T. scenicum</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
has to be considered the valid name. Localization of the
|
||
<typeStatus id="8B225ACAB31AA73FFF37FF3BFF2EFF3A" box="[182,231,201,225]" pageId="90" pageNumber="1571">type</typeStatus>
|
||
locality of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="93999FEBB31AA73FFEE9FF38FE33FF3A" authorityName="Simon" authorityYear="1899" box="[360,506,201,225]" class="Arachnida" family="Theridiidae" genus="Theridion" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="90" pageNumber="1571" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="turrigerum">
|
||
<emphasis id="66ED387AB31AA73FFEE9FF38FE33FF3A" box="[360,506,201,225]" italics="true" pageId="90" pageNumber="1571">T. turrigerum</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
appears to be arguable. According to
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="30089999B31AA73FFC35FF3BFB9EFF3A" author="Simon E" box="[948,1111,201,225]" pageId="90" pageNumber="1571" pagination="416 - 418" refId="ref53771" refString="Simon E. 1899. Arachnides recueillis par M. Charles van Cassel, sous-officier d'infanterie attache a la mission du Cavally (Soudan francais), au poste du Zo, en Septembre 1899. Bulletin du Museum d'Histoire Naturelle 8: 416 - 418." type="journal article" year="1899">Simon (1899)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
it was collected from ‘‘
|
||
<collectingCountry id="2C8EA4F8B31AA73FFEC2FF18FE69FED9" box="[323,416,234,258]" name="Sudan" pageId="90" pageNumber="1571">Soudan</collectingCountry>
|
||
français’’, which would be partially consistent with
|
||
<collectingCountry id="2C8EA4F8B31AA73FFC7AFF18FBF8FED9" box="[1019,1073,234,258]" name="Serbia" pageId="90" pageNumber="1571">Mali</collectingCountry>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="30089999B31AA73FFBC1FF18FF03FEF9" author="Platnick NI" pageId="90" pageNumber="1571" refId="ref53348" refString="Platnick NI. 2006. The world spider catalogue. Version 6.5. American Museum of Natural History. http: // research. amnh. org / entomology / spiders / catalog / INTRO 1. html." type="url" year="2006">Platnick 2006</bibRefCitation>
|
||
). Yet, when trying to locate the ‘‘frontier post’’ Zo at the river Cavally, it appears more likely to match
|
||
<collectingCountry id="2C8EA4F8B31AA73FFE04FED9FDECFE98" box="[389,549,299,323]" name="Ivory Coast" pageId="90" pageNumber="1571">Cote d’Ivoire</collectingCountry>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="5426E468B31AA73FFF24FEBEFF1DFE3E" blockId="90.[138,1185,137,485]" pageId="90" pageNumber="1571">
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="30089999B31AA73FFF24FEBEFE80FEBF" author="Simon E" box="[165,329,332,356]" pageId="90" pageNumber="1571" pagination="218 - 323" refId="ref53818" refString="Simon E. 1907. Arachnides recueillis par L. Fea sur la cote occidentale d'Afrique, 1 re partie. Annali del Museo Civico di Storia Naturale di Genova (Serie 3) 3 (43): 218 - 323, 3 figures." type="book chapter" year="1907">Simon (1907)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
indicated a close relationship between
|
||
<taxonomicName id="93999FEBB31AA73FFC97FEBEFC63FEBF" authorityName="Simon" authorityYear="1899" box="[790,938,332,356]" class="Arachnida" family="Theridiidae" genus="Theridion" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="90" pageNumber="1571" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="turrigerum">
|
||
<emphasis id="66ED387AB31AA73FFC97FEBEFC63FEBF" box="[790,938,332,356]" italics="true" pageId="90" pageNumber="1571">T. turrigerum</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="93999FEBB31AA73FFC66FEBEFBA0FEBF" authorityName="Thorell" authorityYear="1899" box="[999,1129,332,356]" class="Arachnida" family="Theridiidae" genus="Tidarren" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="90" pageNumber="1571" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="scenicum">
|
||
<emphasis id="66ED387AB31AA73FFC66FEBEFBA0FEBF" box="[999,1129,332,356]" italics="true" pageId="90" pageNumber="1571">T. scenicum</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, but his
|
||
<taxonomicName id="93999FEBB31AA73FFF30FE9FFEF8FE5F" authorityName="Thorell" authorityYear="1899" box="[177,305,364,388]" class="Arachnida" family="Theridiidae" genus="Tidarren" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="90" pageNumber="1571" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="scenicum">
|
||
<emphasis id="66ED387AB31AA73FFF30FE9FFEF8FE5F" box="[177,305,364,388]" italics="true" pageId="90" pageNumber="1571">T. scenicum</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
now turns out to be a female of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="93999FEBB31AA73FFD21FE9FFCF5FE5F" authorityName="Tullgren" authorityYear="1910" box="[672,828,364,388]" class="Arachnida" family="Theridiidae" genus="Theridion" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="90" pageNumber="1571" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="cuneolatum">
|
||
<emphasis id="66ED387AB31AA73FFD21FE9FFCF5FE5F" box="[672,828,364,388]" italics="true" pageId="90" pageNumber="1571">T. cuneolatum</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(from
|
||
<collectingCountry id="2C8EA4F8B31AA73FFC0AFE9EFBF1FE5F" box="[907,1080,364,388]" name="Guinea-Bissau" pageId="90" pageNumber="1571">Guinea-Bissau</collectingCountry>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectionCode id="32887CADB31AA73FFBC3FE9EFB68FE5F" box="[1090,1185,364,388]" country="France" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34988" name="Museum National d'Histoire Naturelle" pageId="90" pageNumber="1571">MNHN</collectionCode>
|
||
AR 2370), see above. Therefore, it is not surprising that he distinguished
|
||
<taxonomicName id="93999FEBB31AA73FFC68FE7FFBB5FE7F" authorityName="Simon" authorityYear="1899" box="[1001,1148,396,420]" class="Arachnida" family="Theridiidae" genus="Theridion" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="90" pageNumber="1571" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="turrigerum">
|
||
<emphasis id="66ED387AB31AA73FFC68FE7FFBB5FE7F" box="[1001,1148,396,420]" italics="true" pageId="90" pageNumber="1571">T. turrigerum</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
by its larger size, although being as large as the proper
|
||
<taxonomicName id="93999FEBB31AA73FFD5DFE5FFC97FE1E" authorityName="Thorell" authorityYear="1899" box="[732,862,429,453]" class="Arachnida" family="Theridiidae" genus="Tidarren" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="90" pageNumber="1571" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="scenicum">
|
||
<emphasis id="66ED387AB31AA73FFD5DFE5FFC97FE1E" box="[732,862,429,453]" italics="true" pageId="90" pageNumber="1571">T. scenicum</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, and by the obtuse epigynal shape.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |