treatments-xml/data/A3/2D/87/A32D87D41C46537E55DEFADD2225E261.xml

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<mods:title id="BB9ABEF3862864F8105E627AE34E8407">A review of the gall midges (Diptera: Cecidomyiidae) of Indonesia: taxonomy, biology and adult key to genera</mods:title>
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<paragraph id="2B3B36C21C46537C55DEFADD22BFE519" blockId="13.[151,428,1351,1414]" box="[151,428,1351,1378]" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">
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<taxonomicName id="EC844D411C46537C55DEFADD22BFE519" ID-CoL="67TNV" authority="Felt" authorityName="Felt" box="[151,428,1351,1378]" class="Insecta" family="Cecidomyiidae" genus="Asphondylia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="leeae">
<emphasis id="19F0EAD01C46537C55DEFADD22BFE519" bold="true" box="[151,428,1351,1378]" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">
<emphasis id="19F0EAD01C46537C55DEFADD2267E519" bold="true" box="[151,372,1351,1378]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">Asphondylia leeae</emphasis>
Felt
</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
</heading>
</paragraph>
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<subSubSection id="639E65491C46537C55DEFAF1220CE5FD" box="[151,287,1387,1414]" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" type="description">
<paragraph id="2B3B36C21C46537C55DEFAF1220CE5FD" blockId="13.[151,428,1351,1414]" box="[151,287,1387,1414]" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">
[
<figureCitation id="B3BF2A471C46537C55D7FAF123F6E5FD" box="[158,229,1387,1414]" captionStart="FIGURES 6" captionStartId="14.[151,264,1401,1425]" captionTargetBox="[159,1429,191,1364]" captionTargetId="figure-20@14.[151,1436,181,1377]" captionTargetPageId="14" captionText="FIGURES 6a–m. Asphondylia leeae: a, gall on Leea indica, two normal fruit on left, gall on right (Fig. 203 of DvLR &amp; DvL 1914); b–f, male: b, first tarsal segment; c, last tarsal segment with claw and empodium; d, palpus; e, first three flagellomeres; f, gonostylus (posterior); g–i, female: g, posterior end of abdomen (ventral); h, end of needle-like protrusible part of ovipositor (ventral); i, antenna, 6th flagellomere shriveled; j–m, pupa: j, head (ventral); k, head (ventrolateral); l, last abdominal segments (ventrolateral); m, prothoracic spiracle. Fig. 6n. Asphondylia litseae: n, pupal antennal horns (dorsal, Fig. 5 of Felt 1921b)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4406872" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4406872/files/figure.png" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">Figs 6</figureCitation>
a–m]
</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="2B3B36C21C46537C55DEFA2A2115E5B3" blockId="13.[151,518,1456,1480]" box="[151,518,1456,1480]" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">
<treatmentCitationGroup id="0B9411EC1C46537C55DEFA2A2115E5B3" box="[151,518,1456,1480]" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">
<treatmentCitation id="AA2510D31C46537C55DEFA2A2111E5B3" author="Felt, E. P." box="[151,514,1456,1480]" page="148" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" year="1921">
<taxonomicName id="EC844D411C46537C55DEFA2A2111E5B3" ID-CoL="67TNV" authority="Felt, 1921 b: 148" authorityName="Felt" authorityPageNumber="148" authorityYear="1921" box="[151,514,1456,1480]" class="Insecta" family="Cecidomyiidae" genus="Asphondylia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="leeae">
<emphasis id="19F0EAD01C46537C55DEFA2A2242E5B3" box="[151,337,1456,1480]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">Asphondylia leeae</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="4F154B331C46537C5411FA2A2111E5B3" author="Felt, E. P." box="[344,514,1456,1480]" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" pagination="139 - 151" refId="ref58163" refString="Felt, E. P. (1921 b) Javanese gall midges. Treubia, 1, 139 - 151." type="journal article" year="1921">Felt, 1921b: 148</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
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.
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</paragraph>
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<subSubSection id="639E65491C46537C55DEFA6C21ABE72E" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph id="2B3B36C21C46537C55DEFA6C21ABE72E" blockId="13.[151,1437,1526,2021]" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">
<emphasis id="19F0EAD01C46537C55DEFA6C226DE66B" bold="true" box="[151,382,1526,1552]" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">Material examined</emphasis>
. 
<typeStatus id="F43F88601C46537C54D8FA6C22E9E66B" box="[401,506,1526,1552]" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" type="syntype">Syntypes</typeStatus>
, male, 
<specimenCount id="3D82FD4B1C46537C571AFA6C21D4E66B" box="[595,711,1526,1552]" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" type="female">2 females</specimenCount>
, and 
<specimenCount id="3D82FD4B1C46537C5642FA6C2074E66A" box="[779,871,1526,1553]" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" type="pupa">2 pupae</specimenCount>
reared from fruit galls on 
<taxonomicName id="EC844D411C46537C51E3FA6D2676E66B" box="[1194,1381,1526,1552]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Vitaceae" genus="Leea" kingdom="Plantae" order="Vitales" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="sambucina">
<emphasis id="19F0EAD01C46537C51E3FA6D2676E66B" box="[1194,1381,1526,1552]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">Leea sambucina</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(L.) Willd. [now junior synonym of 
<taxonomicName id="EC844D411C46537C54B3F981216DE64F" box="[506,638,1562,1588]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Vitaceae" genus="Leea" kingdom="Plantae" order="Vitales" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="indica">
<emphasis id="19F0EAD01C46537C54B3F981216DE64F" box="[506,638,1562,1588]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">Leea indica</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(Burm. f.) Merr.] (
<taxonomicName id="EC844D411C46537C561BF98020ABE64E" authorityName="de Jussieu" authorityYear="1789" box="[850,952,1562,1589]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Vitaceae" kingdom="Plantae" order="Vitales" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="family">Vitaceae</taxonomicName>
), collected in Bogor, 
<collectingRegion id="E940F8201C46537C51EFF98127C9E64E" box="[1190,1242,1563,1589]" country="Indonesia" name="Jawa Timur" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">Java</collectingRegion>
, 
<date id="5F3A10021C46537C51AFF9802676E64F" box="[1254,1381,1562,1588]" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" value="1918-09-24">24-ix-1918</date>
, Felt #a3097). One of Felt’s two slides bearing this series contains whole mounts of one male and two females, the other, two pupae. The male has a well-preserved abdomen, shriveled wings, all flagellomeres missing except the basal three of one antenna, and most legs shriveled; one female has one antenna preserved, shriveled wings, the tip of the needle-like protrusible part of ovipositor broken off, and most legs well-preserved, the other has a well-preserved ovipositor, shriveled wings, and is missing all flagellomeres; one pupa is mounted laterally, containing a female insect inside, the other is mounted dorsoventrally and also contains a female inside. The date written on both of Felt’s slides is “24/IX’14” which is presumably an error because in the 1921b paper he states “24/9, ‘18”, which is consistent with the date in DvLR &amp; DvL (1926).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="639E65491C46537F558EF8C42292E7F2" lastPageId="14" lastPageNumber="15" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" type="description">
<paragraph id="2B3B36C21C46537C558EF8C427B0E79E" blockId="13.[151,1437,1526,2021]" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">
<emphasis id="19F0EAD01C46537C558EF8C42242E703" bold="true" box="[199,337,1886,1912]" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">Description</emphasis>
. 
<emphasis id="19F0EAD01C46537C5428F8C42288E703" box="[353,411,1886,1912]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">Male</emphasis>
. Antenna: first flagellomere 4x longer than wide [
<figureCitation id="B3BF2A471C46537C569EF8C4273DE702" box="[983,1070,1886,1913]" captionStart="FIGURES 6" captionStartId="14.[151,264,1401,1425]" captionTargetBox="[159,1429,191,1364]" captionTargetId="figure-20@14.[151,1436,181,1377]" captionTargetPageId="14" captionText="FIGURES 6a–m. Asphondylia leeae: a, gall on Leea indica, two normal fruit on left, gall on right (Fig. 203 of DvLR &amp; DvL 1914); b–f, male: b, first tarsal segment; c, last tarsal segment with claw and empodium; d, palpus; e, first three flagellomeres; f, gonostylus (posterior); g–i, female: g, posterior end of abdomen (ventral); h, end of needle-like protrusible part of ovipositor (ventral); i, antenna, 6th flagellomere shriveled; j–m, pupa: j, head (ventral); k, head (ventrolateral); l, last abdominal segments (ventrolateral); m, prothoracic spiracle. Fig. 6n. Asphondylia litseae: n, pupal antennal horns (dorsal, Fig. 5 of Felt 1921b)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4406872" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4406872/files/figure.png" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">Fig. 6e</figureCitation>
]. Palpus 3-segmented, segments progressively longer [
<figureCitation id="B3BF2A471C46537C54C1F81822C8E7E6" box="[392,475,1922,1949]" captionStart="FIGURES 6" captionStartId="14.[151,264,1401,1425]" captionTargetBox="[159,1429,191,1364]" captionTargetId="figure-20@14.[151,1436,181,1377]" captionTargetPageId="14" captionText="FIGURES 6a–m. Asphondylia leeae: a, gall on Leea indica, two normal fruit on left, gall on right (Fig. 203 of DvLR &amp; DvL 1914); b–f, male: b, first tarsal segment; c, last tarsal segment with claw and empodium; d, palpus; e, first three flagellomeres; f, gonostylus (posterior); g–i, female: g, posterior end of abdomen (ventral); h, end of needle-like protrusible part of ovipositor (ventral); i, antenna, 6th flagellomere shriveled; j–m, pupa: j, head (ventral); k, head (ventrolateral); l, last abdominal segments (ventrolateral); m, prothoracic spiracle. Fig. 6n. Asphondylia litseae: n, pupal antennal horns (dorsal, Fig. 5 of Felt 1921b)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4406872" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4406872/files/figure.png" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">Fig. 6d</figureCitation>
). Apicoventral spur on first tarsal segment robust [
<figureCitation id="B3BF2A471C46537C514FF8182748E7E6" box="[1030,1115,1922,1949]" captionStart="FIGURES 6" captionStartId="14.[151,264,1401,1425]" captionTargetBox="[159,1429,191,1364]" captionTargetId="figure-20@14.[151,1436,181,1377]" captionTargetPageId="14" captionText="FIGURES 6a–m. Asphondylia leeae: a, gall on Leea indica, two normal fruit on left, gall on right (Fig. 203 of DvLR &amp; DvL 1914); b–f, male: b, first tarsal segment; c, last tarsal segment with claw and empodium; d, palpus; e, first three flagellomeres; f, gonostylus (posterior); g–i, female: g, posterior end of abdomen (ventral); h, end of needle-like protrusible part of ovipositor (ventral); i, antenna, 6th flagellomere shriveled; j–m, pupa: j, head (ventral); k, head (ventrolateral); l, last abdominal segments (ventrolateral); m, prothoracic spiracle. Fig. 6n. Asphondylia litseae: n, pupal antennal horns (dorsal, Fig. 5 of Felt 1921b)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4406872" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4406872/files/figure.png" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">Fig. 6b</figureCitation>
]. Tarsal claws robust, strongly curved at distal third, empodia longer than claws, pulvilli about ¼ empodial length [
<figureCitation id="B3BF2A471C46537C511DF83C27B4E7BA" box="[1108,1191,1958,1985]" captionStart="FIGURES 6" captionStartId="14.[151,264,1401,1425]" captionTargetBox="[159,1429,191,1364]" captionTargetId="figure-20@14.[151,1436,181,1377]" captionTargetPageId="14" captionText="FIGURES 6a–m. Asphondylia leeae: a, gall on Leea indica, two normal fruit on left, gall on right (Fig. 203 of DvLR &amp; DvL 1914); b–f, male: b, first tarsal segment; c, last tarsal segment with claw and empodium; d, palpus; e, first three flagellomeres; f, gonostylus (posterior); g–i, female: g, posterior end of abdomen (ventral); h, end of needle-like protrusible part of ovipositor (ventral); i, antenna, 6th flagellomere shriveled; j–m, pupa: j, head (ventral); k, head (ventrolateral); l, last abdominal segments (ventrolateral); m, prothoracic spiracle. Fig. 6n. Asphondylia litseae: n, pupal antennal horns (dorsal, Fig. 5 of Felt 1921b)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4406872" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4406872/files/figure.png" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">Fig. 6c</figureCitation>
]. Gonostylus round in posterior view, teeth of equal length, one narrow and curved, one wide and straight [
<figureCitation id="B3BF2A471C46537C510CF8502784E79E" box="[1093,1175,1994,2021]" captionStart="FIGURES 6" captionStartId="14.[151,264,1401,1425]" captionTargetBox="[159,1429,191,1364]" captionTargetId="figure-20@14.[151,1436,181,1377]" captionTargetPageId="14" captionText="FIGURES 6a–m. Asphondylia leeae: a, gall on Leea indica, two normal fruit on left, gall on right (Fig. 203 of DvLR &amp; DvL 1914); b–f, male: b, first tarsal segment; c, last tarsal segment with claw and empodium; d, palpus; e, first three flagellomeres; f, gonostylus (posterior); g–i, female: g, posterior end of abdomen (ventral); h, end of needle-like protrusible part of ovipositor (ventral); i, antenna, 6th flagellomere shriveled; j–m, pupa: j, head (ventral); k, head (ventrolateral); l, last abdominal segments (ventrolateral); m, prothoracic spiracle. Fig. 6n. Asphondylia litseae: n, pupal antennal horns (dorsal, Fig. 5 of Felt 1921b)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4406872" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4406872/files/figure.png" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">Fig. 6f</figureCitation>
].
</paragraph>
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<emphasis id="19F0EAD01C45537F55DEFAE32105E5EB" bold="true" box="[151,534,1400,1425]" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">
FIGURES 6a–m. 
<taxonomicName id="EC844D411C45537F541EFAE22105E5EB" box="[343,534,1400,1424]" class="Insecta" family="Cecidomyiidae" genus="Asphondylia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="leeae">
<emphasis id="19F0EAD01C45537F541EFAE22105E5EB" bold="true" box="[343,534,1400,1424]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">Asphondylia leeae</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
</emphasis>
: a, gall on 
<taxonomicName id="EC844D411C45537F57C0FAE02013E5EA" box="[649,768,1401,1425]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Vitaceae" genus="Leea" kingdom="Plantae" order="Vitales" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="indica">
<emphasis id="19F0EAD01C45537F57C0FAE02013E5EA" box="[649,768,1401,1425]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">Leea indica</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, two normal fruit on left, gall on right (Fig. 203 of DvLR &amp; DvL 1914); b–f, male: b, first tarsal segment; c, last tarsal segment with claw and empodium; d, palpus; e, first three flagellomeres; f, gonostylus (posterior); g–i, female: g, posterior end of abdomen (ventral); h, end of needle-like protrusible part of ovipositor (ventral); i, antenna, 6 
<superScript id="DCF19B8A1C45537F5430FA7F2297E588" attach="left" box="[377,388,1509,1523]" fontSize="6" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">th</superScript>
flagellomere shriveled; j–m, pupa: j, head (ventral); k, head (ventrolateral); l, last abdominal segments (ventrolateral); m, prothoracic spiracle. 
<emphasis id="19F0EAD01C45537F5762F993205EE65B" bold="true" box="[555,845,1544,1569]" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">
Fig. 6n. 
<taxonomicName id="EC844D411C45537F57CBF992205EE65B" box="[642,845,1544,1568]" class="Insecta" family="Cecidomyiidae" genus="Asphondylia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="litseae">
<emphasis id="19F0EAD01C45537F57CBF992205EE65B" bold="true" box="[642,845,1544,1568]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">Asphondylia litseae</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
</emphasis>
: n, pupal antennal horns (dorsal, Fig. 5 of 
<bibRefCitation id="4F154B331C45537F51B7F993267CE65A" author="Felt, E. P." box="[1278,1391,1545,1569]" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" pagination="139 - 151" refId="ref58163" refString="Felt, E. P. (1921 b) Javanese gall midges. Treubia, 1, 139 - 151." type="journal article" year="1921">Felt 1921b</bibRefCitation>
).
</paragraph>
</caption>
<paragraph id="2B3B36C21C45537F558EF9D521A5E6CA" blockId="14.[151,1437,1615,2038]" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">
<emphasis id="19F0EAD01C45537F558EF9D52208E612" box="[199,283,1615,1641]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">Female</emphasis>
. Flagellomeres 1–9 progressively slightly shorter, 10–12 progressively much shorter, first flagellomere 4.5x longer than wide [
<figureCitation id="B3BF2A471C45537F54D0F9E922FBE6F6" box="[409,488,1650,1677]" captionStart="FIGURES 6" captionStartId="14.[151,264,1401,1425]" captionTargetBox="[159,1429,191,1364]" captionTargetId="figure-20@14.[151,1436,181,1377]" captionTargetPageId="14" captionText="FIGURES 6a–m. Asphondylia leeae: a, gall on Leea indica, two normal fruit on left, gall on right (Fig. 203 of DvLR &amp; DvL 1914); b–f, male: b, first tarsal segment; c, last tarsal segment with claw and empodium; d, palpus; e, first three flagellomeres; f, gonostylus (posterior); g–i, female: g, posterior end of abdomen (ventral); h, end of needle-like protrusible part of ovipositor (ventral); i, antenna, 6th flagellomere shriveled; j–m, pupa: j, head (ventral); k, head (ventrolateral); l, last abdominal segments (ventrolateral); m, prothoracic spiracle. Fig. 6n. Asphondylia litseae: n, pupal antennal horns (dorsal, Fig. 5 of Felt 1921b)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4406872" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4406872/files/figure.png" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">Fig. 6i</figureCitation>
]. Needle-like protrusible part of ovipositor about 2x longer than seventh sternite, not widened at terminus in ventral view [
<figureCitation id="B3BF2A471C45537F577EF90D2168E6CA" box="[567,635,1686,1713]" captionStart="FIGURES 6" captionStartId="14.[151,264,1401,1425]" captionTargetBox="[159,1429,191,1364]" captionTargetId="figure-20@14.[151,1436,181,1377]" captionTargetPageId="14" captionText="FIGURES 6a–m. Asphondylia leeae: a, gall on Leea indica, two normal fruit on left, gall on right (Fig. 203 of DvLR &amp; DvL 1914); b–f, male: b, first tarsal segment; c, last tarsal segment with claw and empodium; d, palpus; e, first three flagellomeres; f, gonostylus (posterior); g–i, female: g, posterior end of abdomen (ventral); h, end of needle-like protrusible part of ovipositor (ventral); i, antenna, 6th flagellomere shriveled; j–m, pupa: j, head (ventral); k, head (ventrolateral); l, last abdominal segments (ventrolateral); m, prothoracic spiracle. Fig. 6n. Asphondylia litseae: n, pupal antennal horns (dorsal, Fig. 5 of Felt 1921b)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4406872" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4406872/files/figure.png" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">Fig. 6</figureCitation>
g–h],
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="2B3B36C21C45537F558EF9262790E71E" blockId="14.[151,1437,1615,2038]" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">
<emphasis id="19F0EAD01C45537F558EF9262211E6AE" box="[199,258,1724,1749]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">Pupa</emphasis>
. Antennal horns long, narrow, smooth [
<figureCitation id="B3BF2A471C45537F5787F9212032E6AE" box="[718,801,1722,1749]" captionStart="FIGURES 6" captionStartId="14.[151,264,1401,1425]" captionTargetBox="[159,1429,191,1364]" captionTargetId="figure-20@14.[151,1436,181,1377]" captionTargetPageId="14" captionText="FIGURES 6a–m. Asphondylia leeae: a, gall on Leea indica, two normal fruit on left, gall on right (Fig. 203 of DvLR &amp; DvL 1914); b–f, male: b, first tarsal segment; c, last tarsal segment with claw and empodium; d, palpus; e, first three flagellomeres; f, gonostylus (posterior); g–i, female: g, posterior end of abdomen (ventral); h, end of needle-like protrusible part of ovipositor (ventral); i, antenna, 6th flagellomere shriveled; j–m, pupa: j, head (ventral); k, head (ventrolateral); l, last abdominal segments (ventrolateral); m, prothoracic spiracle. Fig. 6n. Asphondylia litseae: n, pupal antennal horns (dorsal, Fig. 5 of Felt 1921b)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4406872" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4406872/files/figure.png" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">Fig. 6j</figureCitation>
]. Anterior frontal horn robust, sharply pointed [
<figureCitation id="B3BF2A471C45537F500EF92123BAE682" captionStart="FIGURES 6" captionStartId="14.[151,264,1401,1425]" captionTargetBox="[159,1429,191,1364]" captionTargetId="figure-20@14.[151,1436,181,1377]" captionTargetPageId="14" captionText="FIGURES 6a–m. Asphondylia leeae: a, gall on Leea indica, two normal fruit on left, gall on right (Fig. 203 of DvLR &amp; DvL 1914); b–f, male: b, first tarsal segment; c, last tarsal segment with claw and empodium; d, palpus; e, first three flagellomeres; f, gonostylus (posterior); g–i, female: g, posterior end of abdomen (ventral); h, end of needle-like protrusible part of ovipositor (ventral); i, antenna, 6th flagellomere shriveled; j–m, pupa: j, head (ventral); k, head (ventrolateral); l, last abdominal segments (ventrolateral); m, prothoracic spiracle. Fig. 6n. Asphondylia litseae: n, pupal antennal horns (dorsal, Fig. 5 of Felt 1921b)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4406872" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4406872/files/figure.png" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">Fig. 6j, k</figureCitation>
]. Three posterior frontal horns, small, sharply pointed, subequal in size, the two upper posterior horns slightly closer to each other than to lower horn [
<figureCitation id="B3BF2A471C45537F5718F89921AFE766" box="[593,700,1794,1821]" captionStart="FIGURES 6" captionStartId="14.[151,264,1401,1425]" captionTargetBox="[159,1429,191,1364]" captionTargetId="figure-20@14.[151,1436,181,1377]" captionTargetPageId="14" captionText="FIGURES 6a–m. Asphondylia leeae: a, gall on Leea indica, two normal fruit on left, gall on right (Fig. 203 of DvLR &amp; DvL 1914); b–f, male: b, first tarsal segment; c, last tarsal segment with claw and empodium; d, palpus; e, first three flagellomeres; f, gonostylus (posterior); g–i, female: g, posterior end of abdomen (ventral); h, end of needle-like protrusible part of ovipositor (ventral); i, antenna, 6th flagellomere shriveled; j–m, pupa: j, head (ventral); k, head (ventrolateral); l, last abdominal segments (ventrolateral); m, prothoracic spiracle. Fig. 6n. Asphondylia litseae: n, pupal antennal horns (dorsal, Fig. 5 of Felt 1921b)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4406872" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4406872/files/figure.png" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">Fig. 6j, k</figureCitation>
]. Cephalic papillar setae about 1/4 length antennal horns [
<figureCitation id="B3BF2A471C45537F5008F8992683E766" box="[1345,1424,1794,1821]" captionStart="FIGURES 6" captionStartId="14.[151,264,1401,1425]" captionTargetBox="[159,1429,191,1364]" captionTargetId="figure-20@14.[151,1436,181,1377]" captionTargetPageId="14" captionText="FIGURES 6a–m. Asphondylia leeae: a, gall on Leea indica, two normal fruit on left, gall on right (Fig. 203 of DvLR &amp; DvL 1914); b–f, male: b, first tarsal segment; c, last tarsal segment with claw and empodium; d, palpus; e, first three flagellomeres; f, gonostylus (posterior); g–i, female: g, posterior end of abdomen (ventral); h, end of needle-like protrusible part of ovipositor (ventral); i, antenna, 6th flagellomere shriveled; j–m, pupa: j, head (ventral); k, head (ventrolateral); l, last abdominal segments (ventrolateral); m, prothoracic spiracle. Fig. 6n. Asphondylia litseae: n, pupal antennal horns (dorsal, Fig. 5 of Felt 1921b)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4406872" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4406872/files/figure.png" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">Fig. 6j</figureCitation>
]. Prothoracic spiracle short, gradually tapering, rugged at distal third, trachea bulging, ending at basal 2/5 [
<figureCitation id="B3BF2A471C45537F507BF8BD2682E73A" box="[1330,1425,1830,1857]" captionStart="FIGURES 6" captionStartId="14.[151,264,1401,1425]" captionTargetBox="[159,1429,191,1364]" captionTargetId="figure-20@14.[151,1436,181,1377]" captionTargetPageId="14" captionText="FIGURES 6a–m. Asphondylia leeae: a, gall on Leea indica, two normal fruit on left, gall on right (Fig. 203 of DvLR &amp; DvL 1914); b–f, male: b, first tarsal segment; c, last tarsal segment with claw and empodium; d, palpus; e, first three flagellomeres; f, gonostylus (posterior); g–i, female: g, posterior end of abdomen (ventral); h, end of needle-like protrusible part of ovipositor (ventral); i, antenna, 6th flagellomere shriveled; j–m, pupa: j, head (ventral); k, head (ventrolateral); l, last abdominal segments (ventrolateral); m, prothoracic spiracle. Fig. 6n. Asphondylia litseae: n, pupal antennal horns (dorsal, Fig. 5 of Felt 1921b)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4406872" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4406872/files/figure.png" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">
Fig. 
<quantity id="EC7C9B271C45537F5021F8BC2682E73A" box="[1384,1425,1830,1857]" metricMagnitude="0" metricUnit="m" metricValue="6.0" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" unit="m" value="6.0">6m</quantity>
</figureCitation>
]. Abdominal tergal spines simple, gradually larger from anterior to posterior rows [
<figureCitation id="B3BF2A471C45537F5161F8D12764E71E" box="[1064,1143,1866,1893]" captionStart="FIGURES 6" captionStartId="14.[151,264,1401,1425]" captionTargetBox="[159,1429,191,1364]" captionTargetId="figure-20@14.[151,1436,181,1377]" captionTargetPageId="14" captionText="FIGURES 6a–m. Asphondylia leeae: a, gall on Leea indica, two normal fruit on left, gall on right (Fig. 203 of DvLR &amp; DvL 1914); b–f, male: b, first tarsal segment; c, last tarsal segment with claw and empodium; d, palpus; e, first three flagellomeres; f, gonostylus (posterior); g–i, female: g, posterior end of abdomen (ventral); h, end of needle-like protrusible part of ovipositor (ventral); i, antenna, 6th flagellomere shriveled; j–m, pupa: j, head (ventral); k, head (ventrolateral); l, last abdominal segments (ventrolateral); m, prothoracic spiracle. Fig. 6n. Asphondylia litseae: n, pupal antennal horns (dorsal, Fig. 5 of Felt 1921b)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4406872" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4406872/files/figure.png" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">Fig. 6l</figureCitation>
].
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="2B3B36C21C45537F558EF8EA2292E7F2" blockId="14.[151,1437,1615,2038]" box="[199,385,1903,1929]" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">
<emphasis id="19F0EAD01C45537F558EF8EA2219E7F2" box="[199,266,1904,1929]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">Larva</emphasis>
unknown.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="639E65491C45537E558EF80927E1E165" lastPageId="15" lastPageNumber="16" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" type="discussion">
<paragraph id="2B3B36C21C45537E558EF80927E1E165" blockId="14.[151,1437,1615,2038]" lastBlockId="15.[151,1437,151,538]" lastPageId="15" lastPageNumber="16" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">
<emphasis id="19F0EAD01C45537F558EF8092227E7D6" bold="true" box="[199,308,1939,1965]" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">Remarks</emphasis>
. A fruit gall on 
<taxonomicName id="EC844D411C45537F54A0F80E21FDE7D6" authority="Willd." authorityName="Willd." box="[489,750,1939,1965]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Vitaceae" genus="Leea" kingdom="Plantae" order="Vitales" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="sambucina">
<emphasis id="19F0EAD01C45537F54A0F80E21B3E7D6" box="[489,672,1939,1965]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">Leea sambucina</emphasis>
Willd.
</taxonomicName>
in 
<collectingCountry id="539376521C45537F565BF809204CE7D6" box="[786,863,1939,1965]" name="Gabon" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">Gabon</collectingCountry>
, Africa was identified by 
<bibRefCitation id="4F154B331C45537F51CAF809263AE7D6" author="Houard, C." box="[1155,1321,1939,1965]" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" refId="ref59618" refString="Houard, C. (1923) Les zoocecidies des plantes d'Afrique, d'Asie et d'Oceanie. Vol II. J. Hermann, Paris, 1056 pp." type="book" year="1923">Houard (1923)</bibRefCitation>
as caused by 
<taxonomicName id="EC844D411C45537F55F5F82D220BE7AA" box="[188,280,1975,2001]" class="Insecta" family="Cecidomyiidae" genus="Asphondylia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="leeae">
<emphasis id="19F0EAD01C45537F55F5F82D220BE7AA" box="[188,280,1975,2001]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">A. leeae</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, but his accompanying figures 1107 and 1108 show irregular, lumpy galls that appear different from the regular, smooth gall of Felt’s 
<typeStatus id="F43F88601C45537F5746F846212CE78D" box="[527,575,2012,2038]" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">type</typeStatus>
series from 
<collectingCountry id="539376521C45537F5784F8412029E78E" box="[717,826,2011,2037]" name="Indonesia" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">Indonesia</collectingCountry>
[
<figureCitation id="B3BF2A471C45537F5600F841208DE78E" box="[841,926,2010,2037]" captionStart="FIGURES 6" captionStartId="14.[151,264,1401,1425]" captionTargetBox="[159,1429,191,1364]" captionTargetId="figure-20@14.[151,1436,181,1377]" captionTargetPageId="14" captionText="FIGURES 6a–m. Asphondylia leeae: a, gall on Leea indica, two normal fruit on left, gall on right (Fig. 203 of DvLR &amp; DvL 1914); b–f, male: b, first tarsal segment; c, last tarsal segment with claw and empodium; d, palpus; e, first three flagellomeres; f, gonostylus (posterior); g–i, female: g, posterior end of abdomen (ventral); h, end of needle-like protrusible part of ovipositor (ventral); i, antenna, 6th flagellomere shriveled; j–m, pupa: j, head (ventral); k, head (ventrolateral); l, last abdominal segments (ventrolateral); m, prothoracic spiracle. Fig. 6n. Asphondylia litseae: n, pupal antennal horns (dorsal, Fig. 5 of Felt 1921b)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4406872" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4406872/files/figure.png" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">Fig. 6a</figureCitation>
]. Resolving this identification should depend on comparison between the gallmakers, so we are not including 
<collectingCountry id="539376521C44537E5621FF0D20A0E0CA" box="[872,947,151,177]" name="Gabon" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">Gabon</collectingCountry>
in the geographical distribution range of 
<taxonomicName id="EC844D411C44537E50CDFF0D23C1E0AE" class="Insecta" family="Cecidomyiidae" genus="Asphondylia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="leeae">
<emphasis id="19F0EAD01C44537E50CDFF0D23C1E0AE" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">A. leeae</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
. In 
<collectingCountry id="539376521C44537E544AFF212260E0AE" box="[259,371,187,213]" name="Indonesia" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">Indonesia</collectingCountry>
, undescribed gall midges were found feeding on 
<taxonomicName id="EC844D411C44537E56E1FF212751E0AF" box="[936,1090,187,212]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Vitaceae" genus="Leea" kingdom="Plantae" order="Vitales" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="aequata">
<emphasis id="19F0EAD01C44537E56E1FF212751E0AF" box="[936,1090,187,212]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">Leea aequata</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
L. and 
<taxonomicName id="EC844D411C44537E51D4FF212610E0AE" box="[1181,1283,187,213]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Vitaceae" genus="Leea" kingdom="Plantae" order="Vitales" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="indica">
<emphasis id="19F0EAD01C44537E51D4FF212610E0AE" box="[1181,1283,187,213]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">L. indica</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
. These cause flower galls that are different from the fruit gall of 
<taxonomicName id="EC844D411C44537E578FFF452080E082" box="[710,915,223,249]" class="Insecta" family="Cecidomyiidae" genus="Asphondylia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="leeae">
<emphasis id="19F0EAD01C44537E578FFF452080E082" box="[710,915,223,249]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">Asphondylia leeae</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
in their irregular ball-shape, swollen calyx and corolla with still visible lobes and forming a cup-like structure (DvLR &amp; DvL 1926, Nos 861, 862).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="639E65491C44537E558EFEBC2225E261" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" type="biology_ecology">
<paragraph id="2B3B36C21C44537E558EFEBC27EAE1D6" blockId="15.[151,1437,151,538]" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">
<emphasis id="19F0EAD01C44537E558EFEBC2232E13B" bold="true" box="[199,289,294,320]" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">Biology</emphasis>
. This species causes a fruit gall on 
<taxonomicName id="EC844D411C44537E57F0FEBD202DE13A" box="[697,830,295,321]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Vitaceae" genus="Leea" kingdom="Plantae" order="Vitales" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="indica">
<emphasis id="19F0EAD01C44537E57F0FEBD202DE13A" box="[697,830,295,321]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">Leea indica</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
. DvLR &amp; DvL (1914) describe and illustrate the gall (No. 443, Fig. 203 [
<figureCitation id="B3BF2A471C44537E5439FED122D7E11E" box="[368,452,330,357]" captionStart="FIGURES 6" captionStartId="14.[151,264,1401,1425]" captionTargetBox="[159,1429,191,1364]" captionTargetId="figure-20@14.[151,1436,181,1377]" captionTargetPageId="14" captionText="FIGURES 6a–m. Asphondylia leeae: a, gall on Leea indica, two normal fruit on left, gall on right (Fig. 203 of DvLR &amp; DvL 1914); b–f, male: b, first tarsal segment; c, last tarsal segment with claw and empodium; d, palpus; e, first three flagellomeres; f, gonostylus (posterior); g–i, female: g, posterior end of abdomen (ventral); h, end of needle-like protrusible part of ovipositor (ventral); i, antenna, 6th flagellomere shriveled; j–m, pupa: j, head (ventral); k, head (ventrolateral); l, last abdominal segments (ventrolateral); m, prothoracic spiracle. Fig. 6n. Asphondylia litseae: n, pupal antennal horns (dorsal, Fig. 5 of Felt 1921b)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4406872" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4406872/files/figure.png" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">Fig. 6a</figureCitation>
]). Normal fruit are depressed-spheroidal, about 
<quantity id="EC7C9B271C44537E569EFED12736E11E" box="[983,1061,331,357]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.0" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" unit="mm" value="10.0">10 mm</quantity>
wide and 
<quantity id="EC7C9B271C44537E51DFFED127C5E11E" box="[1174,1238,331,357]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="7.0" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" unit="mm" value="7.0">7 mm</quantity>
high while galled fruits are substantially larger, pear-shaped to round, 
<quantity id="EC7C9B271C44537E57A2FEF4202FE1F2" box="[747,828,366,393]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.5" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" unit="mm" value="15.0">15 mm</quantity>
wide and 
<quantity id="EC7C9B271C44537E56FCFEF52715E1F2" box="[949,1030,367,393]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.0" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" unit="mm" value="20.0">20 mm</quantity>
long, the surface smooth and greygreen. The inside is composed of parenchymatic tissue and an irregular larval chamber in the center.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="2B3B36C21C44537E558EFE2C2225E261" blockId="15.[151,1437,151,538]" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">
<emphasis id="19F0EAD01C44537E558EFE2C22EDE1AB" bold="true" box="[199,510,438,464]" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">Geographical distribution</emphasis>
. 
<materialsCitation id="9BEC3C9F1C44537E5742FE2D2221E261" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3026660303" collectingDate="1912-05" collectingDateMax="1918-09-24" collectingDateMin="1912-05" county="This" elevation="200" location="Kediri" municipality="Pare" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Jawa Timur">
<collectingCounty id="C25A4E4E1C44537E5742FE2D212EE1AA" box="[523,573,439,465]" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">This</collectingCounty>
species is known from 
<collectingRegion id="E940F8201C44537E560CFE2D206AE1AA" box="[837,889,439,465]" country="Indonesia" name="Jawa Timur" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">Java</collectingRegion>
, where it was found at 
<collectingMunicipality id="CB5FACB81C44537E5135FE2D27A2E1AA" box="[1148,1201,439,465]" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">Pare</collectingMunicipality>
, near 
<location id="2E5B60191C44537E51BAFE2D262EE1AA" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:A32D87D41C46537E55DEFADD2225E261:2E5B60191C44537E51BAFE2D262EE1AA" box="[1267,1341,439,465]" county="This" municipality="Pare" name="Kediri" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" stateProvince="Jawa Timur">Kediri</location>
, alt. 
<quantity id="EC7C9B271C44537E503BFE2D23BCE18E" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.0" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" unit="m" value="200.0">
<elevation id="A0A9D1F11C44537E503BFE2D23BCE18E" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.0" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" unit="m" value="200.0">200 m</elevation>
</quantity>
, 
<date id="5F3A10021C44537E55F2FE41221FE18E" box="[187,268,475,501]" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" value="1912-05">
<collectingDate id="4F7EE9EA1C44537E55F2FE41221FE18E" box="[187,268,475,501]" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" value="1912-05">v-1912</collectingDate>
</date>
, Bogor, alt. 
<quantity id="EC7C9B271C44537E54DDFE4022CFE18E" box="[404,476,474,501]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.5" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" unit="m" value="250.0">
<elevation id="A0A9D1F11C44537E54DDFE4022CFE18E" box="[404,476,474,501]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.5" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" unit="m" value="250.0">250 m</elevation>
</quantity>
, 
<date id="5F3A10021C44537E54A1FE412177E18E" box="[488,612,475,501]" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" value="1918-09-24">
<collectingDate id="4F7EE9EA1C44537E54A1FE412177E18E" box="[488,612,475,501]" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" value="1918-09-24">24-ix-1918</collectingDate>
</date>
and Depok, alt. 
<quantity id="EC7C9B271C44537E5655FE412076E18E" box="[796,869,475,501]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.0" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" unit="m" value="100.0">
<elevation id="A0A9D1F11C44537E5655FE412076E18E" box="[796,869,475,501]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.0" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" unit="m" value="100.0">100 m</elevation>
</quantity>
, 
<date id="5F3A10021C44537E5639FE4120C4E18E" box="[880,983,475,501]" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" value="1918-08">
<collectingDate id="4F7EE9EA1C44537E5639FE4120C4E18E" box="[880,983,475,501]" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" value="1918-08">viii-1918</collectingDate>
</date>
(DvLR &amp; DvL 1914; 
<bibRefCitation id="4F154B331C44537E5186FE412658E18E" author="Felt, E. P." box="[1231,1355,475,501]" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" pagination="139 - 151" refId="ref58163" refString="Felt, E. P. (1921 b) Javanese gall midges. Treubia, 1, 139 - 151." type="journal article" year="1921">Felt 1921b</bibRefCitation>
; DvLR &amp; DvL 1926)
</materialsCitation>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>