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<document id="998943191A50E83C0649C9624E22025A" ID-DOI="10.24349/p0b0-usvs" ID-ISSN="2107-7207" ID-Zenodo-Dep="7945658" IM.bibliography_approvedBy="carolina" IM.illustrations_approvedBy="carolina" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="carolina" IM.metadata_approvedBy="carolina" IM.tables_requiresApprovalFor="GgImagineBatch" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="carolina" IM.treatments_approvedBy="carolina" checkinTime="1683045504838" checkinUser="felipe" docAuthor="Norton K, Roy A. &amp; ErmilovK, Sergey G." docDate="2022" docId="4F5E03438D02F62CFE7BB2C5FD40FBF1" docLanguage="en" docName="Acarologia.62.4.989-1069.pdf" docOrigin="Acarologia 62 (4)" docSource="https://www1.montpellier.inrae.fr/CBGP/acarologia/article.php?id=4558" docStyle="DocumentStyle:0387F17C4AF9F8D6336E46CC5E5664D0.4:Acarologia.2018-.journal_article" docStyleId="0387F17C4AF9F8D6336E46CC5E5664D0" docStyleName="Acarologia.2018-.journal_article" docStyleVersion="4" docTitle="Eulohmannia ribagai Berlese 1910" docType="treatment" docVersion="3" lastPageNumber="1016" masterDocId="B3677B3B8D07F630FF90B143FF8DFFEF" masterDocTitle="Paedomorphosis and sexuality in Eulohmanniidae (Acari, Oribatida): surprising diversity in a relictual family of oribatid mites" masterLastPageNumber="1069" masterPageNumber="989" pageNumber="993" updateTime="1684344106591" updateUser="ExternalLinkService" zenodo-license-document="CC-BY-4.0">
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<mods:title id="0AD13D7E1A64BA91D8AB4E079796C2D3">Paedomorphosis and sexuality in Eulohmanniidae (Acari, Oribatida): surprising diversity in a relictual family of oribatid mites</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="68C8E5643D5062966CD9AE129C2A3D71">Norton K, Roy A.</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation id="EE95C0A7BDFB7884D5914C9257D0C0BB">State University of New York, College of Environmental Science and Forestry, Syracuse, New York, USA.</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart id="18E445C9C6DB97E8BA5AD56326D6B7F2">ErmilovK, Sergey G.</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation id="888DBD953C810CCEA6182C4CC87E4CD4">Tyumen State University, Institute of Environmental and Agricultural Biology (X-BIO), Tyumen, Russia. &amp; State University of New York, College of Environmental Science and Forestry, Syracuse, New York, USA.</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:title id="3B2E910C99D641AADF014FFAE4077366">Acarologia</mods:title>
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<paragraph id="C748B2558D02F635FE7BB2C5FB64FC48" blockId="5.[491,1257,902,935]" box="[491,1257,902,935]" pageId="5" pageNumber="993">
<heading id="9C0005398D02F635FE7BB2C5FB64FC48" bold="true" box="[491,1257,902,935]" centered="true" fontSize="14" level="1" pageId="5" pageNumber="993" reason="1">
<emphasis id="F5836E478D02F635FE7BB2C5FB64FC48" bold="true" box="[491,1257,902,935]" pageId="5" pageNumber="993">
Ontogeny of
<taxonomicName id="00F7C9D68D02F635FD28B2C5FB64FC48" ID-CoL="6GWXH" ID-ENA="229757" authority="Berlese, 1910" authorityName="Berlese" authorityYear="1910" box="[696,1257,902,935]" class="Arachnida" family="Eulohmanniidae" genus="Eulohmannia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Sarcoptiformes" pageId="5" pageNumber="993" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="ribagai">
<emphasis id="F5836E478D02F635FD28B2C5FB8BFC48" bold="true" box="[696,1030,902,935]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="993">Eulohmannia ribagai</emphasis>
Berlese, 1910
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</paragraph>
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<subSubSection id="8FEDE1DE8D02F635FE7BB283FCF0F8E7" pageId="5" pageNumber="993" type="description">
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(
<figureCitation id="5FCCAED08D02F635FE63B283FDEBFC37" box="[499,614,960,984]" captionStart-0="Figure 1" captionStart-1="Figure 2" captionStart-10="Figure 11" captionStart-11="Figure 12" captionStart-12="Figure 13" captionStart-13="Figure 14" captionStart-14="Figure 15" captionStart-2="Figure 3" captionStart-3="Figure 4" captionStart-4="Figure 5" captionStart-5="Figure 6" captionStart-6="Figure 7" captionStart-7="Figure 8" captionStart-8="Figure 9" captionStart-9="Figure 10" captionStartId-0="8.[119,192,1930,1951]" captionStartId-1="9.[119,192,1925,1946]" captionStartId-10="24.[119,192,1693,1714]" captionStartId-11="25.[119,192,1466,1487]" captionStartId-12="26.[119,192,1686,1707]" captionStartId-13="27.[119,192,1594,1615]" captionStartId-14="29.[119,192,1930,1951]" captionStartId-2="11.[119,192,1988,2009]" captionStartId-3="12.[119,192,1875,1896]" captionStartId-4="13.[119,192,1831,1852]" captionStartId-5="14.[119,192,1930,1951]" captionStartId-6="15.[119,192,1930,1951]" captionStartId-7="18.[119,192,1897,1918]" captionStartId-8="20.[119,192,1930,1951]" captionStartId-9="22.[119,192,1597,1618]" captionTargetBox-0="[103,1494,221,1877]" captionTargetBox-1="[103,1494,235,1871]" captionTargetBox-10="[103,1494,221,1639]" captionTargetBox-11="[117,1474,234,1395]" captionTargetBox-12="[122,1482,246,1627]" captionTargetBox-13="[117,1473,235,1501]" captionTargetBox-14="[103,1494,221,1877]" captionTargetBox-2="[114,1483,236,1924]" captionTargetBox-3="[106,1479,282,1811]" captionTargetBox-4="[103,1494,284,1777]" captionTargetBox-5="[103,1494,221,1877]" captionTargetBox-6="[103,1494,221,1877]" captionTargetBox-7="[118,1479,221,1843]" captionTargetBox-8="[103,1494,221,1877]" captionTargetBox-9="[113,1481,226,1519]" captionTargetId-0="figure-2@8.[103,1494,221,1877]" captionTargetId-1="figure-2@9.[103,1494,235,1871]" captionTargetId-10="figure-2@24.[103,1494,221,1639]" captionTargetId-11="figure-2@25.[103,1494,221,1412]" captionTargetId-12="figure-2@26.[103,1494,221,1632]" captionTargetId-13="figure-2@27.[103,1494,221,1540]" captionTargetId-14="figure-2@29.[103,1494,221,1877]" captionTargetId-2="figure-2@11.[103,1494,221,1934]" captionTargetId-3="figure-2@12.[103,1494,262,1822]" captionTargetId-4="figure-2@13.[103,1494,284,1777]" captionTargetId-5="figure-2@14.[103,1494,221,1877]" captionTargetId-6="figure-2@15.[103,1494,221,1877]" captionTargetId-7="figure-2@18.[118,1479,221,1843]" captionTargetId-8="figure-2@20.[103,1494,221,1877]" captionTargetId-9="figure-2@22.[103,1494,221,1543]" captionTargetPageId-0="8" captionTargetPageId-1="9" captionTargetPageId-10="24" captionTargetPageId-11="25" captionTargetPageId-12="26" captionTargetPageId-13="27" captionTargetPageId-14="29" captionTargetPageId-2="11" captionTargetPageId-3="12" captionTargetPageId-4="13" captionTargetPageId-5="14" captionTargetPageId-6="15" captionTargetPageId-7="18" captionTargetPageId-8="20" captionTargetPageId-9="22" captionText-0="Figure 1 Eulohmannia ribagai(Berlese): A – larva, lateral view, epi-illumination; B – tritonymph, same; C – living adult, stereomicroscope (arrow to cervical collar); D – gravid female, with single egg (provenance uncertain, photo D.E. Walter); E – tritonymph, lateral view of gastronotum contour, with epicuticle separated by clearing; F – same, closeup optical section in polarized light; G – adult, notogastral cuticle at edge of sagittal section; H – tritonymph, right gastronotic setaec1, c2 and lyrifissureia (lower left insert = im from adult, right =im from deutonymph, showing canal). Scale bars 100 µm (A-D); 20 µm (E); 10 µm (H); 2 µm (F, G)." captionText-1="Figure 2 Eulohmannia ribagai(Berlese), adult, SEM images: A – lateral view; B – closeup of posterior proterosoma; C – dorsal view; D – frontal view (black arrow to narrow solid rostral rim); E – sejugal region, dorsal view. Scale bars 100 µm (A, C); 20 µm (B, D, E)." captionText-10="Figure 11 Eulohmannia ribagai(Berlese): A – adult, left anal and adanal plates, ventral view; B – larva, paraproctal region, slightly flattened" captionText-11="Figure 12 Eulohmannia ribagai(Berlese), larva: A – right leg I, abaxial view; B – left genu I, dorsal view; C – left leg II, adaxial view (slightly rotated dorsad); D – right leg III, adaxial view (slightly rotated dorsad). Scale bar 20 µm." captionText-12="Figure 13 Eulohmannia ribagai(Berlese): A – protonymph, right leg I, abaxial view; B – protonymph, left leg IV, abaxial view; C – deutonymph, right tarsus I, abaxial view (slightly rotated dorsad); D – deutonymph, left leg IV, abaxial. Scale bars 20 µm (A, B, D to same scale); 10 µm (C)." captionText-13="Figure 14 Eulohmannia ribagai(Berlese), tritonymph: A – right leg I, abaxial view (distal segments slightly ventral), with insert showing position of variable femoral seta vʹ; B – left leg II, ventro-adaxial (slightly twisted, some setae in distorted positions); C – left leg III, abaxial; D – left leg IV, abaxial. Scale bar 20 µm." captionText-14="Figure 15 Eulohmannia ribagai(Berlese): A – pretarsus of leg IV, deutonymph, lateral view; B – distal part of tarsus IV, adult (insert = enlargement of vestigial empodial claw); C – postpalpal seta of NY larva (top) and adult from Sweden (bottom); D – famulus of tritonymph abaxial view (with insertion of broken setaft”); E – same, adult from Cape Breton; F – same, adult from Sweden; G – larva, partial dorsal view of right genu I; H – larva, left tarsus I, ventral view (setaea” andpl” out of focus); I – same, deutonymph (setaplʹ out of focus); J – same, tritonymph; K – adult from Sweden, left tarsus I, adaxial view; L – same, but right tarsus, abaxial view; M – adult, lower portion of left tarsus I, adaxial view; N – microsculpture of tarsus I. Scale bars 20 µm (K, L); 10 µm (H-J, M); 5 µm (A, B, D-F); 2 µm (C, G, N)." captionText-2="Figure 3 Eulohmannia ribagai(Berlese), larva (appendages incompletely shown): A – dorsal view B – posterior view of hysterosoma; C – ventral view; D – lateral view. Scale bar 100 µm." captionText-3="Figure 4 Eulohmannia ribagai(Berlese), nymphs (appendages incompletely shown): A – protonymph, ventral view (prodorsum incomplete); B – deutonymph, ventral view of hysterosoma; C – tritonymph, dorsal view; D – tritonymph, ventral view; E – tritonymph, partial dorsal view of gastronotum showing artifactual transverse crease (see text, R3). Scale bars 100 µm: A, B to same scale, C-E to same scale." captionText-4="Figure 5 Eulohmannia ribagai(Berlese): A – larval bothridium, dorsomedial view (only one of two saccules visible); B – deutonymph, bothridial saccules; C – adult, bothridium, dorsomedial view; D – adult, rostral tectum, sagittal view; E –sejugal articulation of extended specimen, dorsal midline (sagittal section), anterior to right; F – same, but contracted specimen; G – as in E, but ventral midline; H – bothridial region, dorsolateral view. Scale bars 10 µm (H); 5 µm (A-G)." captionText-5="Figure 6 Eulohmannia ribagai(Berlese), uncleared specimens in glycerine: A – deutonymph, lateral view (musclem.pdv out of focus); B – adult hysterosoma, dorsal view, showing major organs; C – same, lateral view (one fascicle of musclem.pdv out of focus); D – as in C, closeup of humeral region; E – adult, anterior hysterosoma, showing some proterosomal retractor muscles. Scale bars 50 µm (A-C, E); 20 µm (D)." captionText-6="Figure 7 Eulohmannia ribagai(Berlese): A – seta c1 of larva; B – seta c1 of adult; C – adult, metapodosomal region, lateral view of cleared specimen; D – same, closeup of leg IV region; E – same, surface closeup of leg III region; F – same as E, but deeper focus to show apodemes; G – left sejugal apodeme and apodeme III, dorsal view; H – adult, ventral aspect, region near leg IV insertion (specimen from Alberta). Scale bars 20 µm (C, H); 10 µm (A, B, D-G)." captionText-7="Figure 8 Eulohmannia ribagai(Berlese): A – larva, region of right leg II insertion, ventral view, showing Claparède’s organ (insert = closeup of protective scale, seta 1c); B – adult, ventrosejugal region; C – adult, podosomal region, ventral view (uncleared specimen in glycerine * = extrinsic leg III muscle inserting onap.sj); D – insertions of legs I, II, ventrolateral view, showing declivity bordered by ridger2 (* = articulation of trochanter); E – cleared adult, cross section at level of apodeme 1, anterior view; F – same, at level of apodeme 2, posterior view; G – supracoxal seta eI of two different adults from New York; H – same, from eastern Canada (top Nova Scotia, bottom New Brunswick with one broken tine); I – same, from northwestern North America (from top: Alberta, two examples from Northwest Territories, Alaska); J – same, from Palaearctic populations (from top: two examples from Sweden, Germany (tritonymph), Khabarovsk). Scale bars 20 µm (C-F); 10 µm (A, B); 5 µm (G-J, to same scale)." captionText-8="Figure 9 Eulohmannia ribagai(Berlese): A – genital region of female, ventral view (focused inside genital vestibule; white arrow on soft cuticle partially isolating part of aggenital sclerite); B – tritonymph, insertions of tendons from two fascicles of posterior dorsoventral muscle (separate insertions at top, partly attached insertions at bottom); C – posterior half of hysterosoma, ventrolateral view, showing two fascicles of posterior dorsoventral muscles (adult female from China); D – male spermatopositor (specimen from NW Territories, Canada); E – sagittal view of female genital region in polarized light, showing ovipositor (setaeτ3, τ4 out of focus) and layered articulating cuticle between genital and anal plates; F – ovipositor, unpaired ventral lobe seenen face. Scale bars 20 µm (C); 10 µm (A, B); 5 µm (D-F)." captionText-9="Figure 10 Eulohmannia ribagai(Berlese): A – larva, subcapitulum, ventral view, palps omitted; B – protonymph, adoral lip; C – deutonymph, subcapitulum, ventral view, one palp omitted; D – tritonymph, rutellum, ventral view; E – larva, palp, abaxial view; F – same, enlarged tarsus; G – larva, chelicera, abaxial view; H – tritonymph, chelicera, adaxial view. Scale bars 20 µm (A-E, G, H); 5 µm (F)." figureDoi-0="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7945664" figureDoi-1="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7945666" figureDoi-10="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7945686" figureDoi-11="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7945688" figureDoi-12="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7945692" figureDoi-13="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7945694" figureDoi-14="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7945696" figureDoi-2="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7945668" figureDoi-3="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7945672" figureDoi-4="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7945674" figureDoi-5="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7945676" figureDoi-6="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7945678" figureDoi-7="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7945680" figureDoi-8="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7945682" figureDoi-9="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7945684" httpUri-0="https://zenodo.org/record/7945664/files/figure.png" httpUri-1="https://zenodo.org/record/7945666/files/figure.png" httpUri-10="https://zenodo.org/record/7945686/files/figure.png" httpUri-11="https://zenodo.org/record/7945688/files/figure.png" httpUri-12="https://zenodo.org/record/7945692/files/figure.png" httpUri-13="https://zenodo.org/record/7945694/files/figure.png" httpUri-14="https://zenodo.org/record/7945696/files/figure.png" httpUri-2="https://zenodo.org/record/7945668/files/figure.png" httpUri-3="https://zenodo.org/record/7945672/files/figure.png" httpUri-4="https://zenodo.org/record/7945674/files/figure.png" httpUri-5="https://zenodo.org/record/7945676/files/figure.png" httpUri-6="https://zenodo.org/record/7945678/files/figure.png" httpUri-7="https://zenodo.org/record/7945680/files/figure.png" httpUri-8="https://zenodo.org/record/7945682/files/figure.png" httpUri-9="https://zenodo.org/record/7945684/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="993">Figs 1–15</figureCitation>
; all based on
<collectingRegion id="05337CB78D02F635FD6FB282FCE1FC37" box="[767,876,960,984]" country="United States of America" name="New York" pageId="5" pageNumber="993">New York</collectingRegion>
specimens unless noted)
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="C748B2558D02F635FE7BB54AFD18FBCC" blockId="5.[491,661,1033,1059]" box="[491,661,1033,1059]" pageId="5" pageNumber="993">
<emphasis id="F5836E478D02F635FE7BB54AFD18FBCC" bold="true" box="[491,661,1033,1059]" pageId="5" pageNumber="993">Background</emphasis>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="C748B2558D02F635FE7BB57EFA37FBBA" blockId="5.[491,1557,1085,1800]" box="[491,1466,1085,1109]" pageId="5" pageNumber="993">
The most extensive written description of
<taxonomicName id="00F7C9D68D02F635FC2BB57DFBA2FBBA" authorityName="Berlese" authorityYear="1910" box="[955,1071,1085,1109]" class="Arachnida" family="Eulohmanniidae" genus="Eulohmannia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Sarcoptiformes" pageId="5" pageNumber="993" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="ribagai">
<emphasis id="F5836E478D02F635FC2BB57DFBA2FBBA" box="[955,1071,1085,1109]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="993">E. ribagai</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
remains that of
<bibRefCitation id="A366CFA48D02F635FB73B57EFA1BFBBA" author="Tragardh I." box="[1251,1430,1085,1109]" pageId="5" pageNumber="993" pagination="375 - 586" refId="ref56276" refString="Tragardh I. 1910. Acariden aus dem Sarekgebirge. Naturw. Unters. Sarek., Zool., 4: 375 - 586." type="journal article" year="1910">Trägårdh (1910</bibRefCitation>
; as
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="C748B2558D02F635FE7BB51CFA6FFB75" blockId="5.[491,1557,1085,1800]" pageId="5" pageNumber="993">
<taxonomicName id="00F7C9D68D02F635FE7BB51CFCAAFB98" authorityName="Tragardh" authorityYear="1910" box="[491,807,1119,1143]" class="Arachnida" family="Eulohmanniidae" genus="Arthronothrus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Sarcoptiformes" pageId="5" pageNumber="993" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="biunguiculatus">
<emphasis id="F5836E478D02F635FE7BB51CFCAAFB98" box="[491,807,1119,1143]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="993">Arthronothrus biunguiculatus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
) but it deals only with the adult. Other treatments are brief, vary in characters used, and also vary in whether particular characters are applied to the family,
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="C748B2558D02F635FE7BB5E6FA60FACB" blockId="5.[491,1557,1085,1800]" pageId="5" pageNumber="993">
genus or species diagnoses, since the higher taxa have been long considered monobasic. Adults identified as
<taxonomicName id="00F7C9D68D02F635FDE7B584FCE8FB30" authorityName="Berlese" authorityYear="1910" box="[631,869,1223,1247]" class="Arachnida" family="Eulohmanniidae" genus="Eulohmannia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Sarcoptiformes" pageId="5" pageNumber="993" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="ribagai">
<emphasis id="F5836E478D02F635FDE7B584FCE8FB30" box="[631,869,1223,1247]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="993">Eulohmannia ribagai</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
have been illustrated more than a dozen times, based on specimens from around the Holarctic. The figures (and associated text if present) suggest significant variation, especially in body size and the number and size of various body setae
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="C748B2558D02F635FE7BB46CFDC1FA1C" blockId="5.[491,1557,1085,1800]" pageId="5" pageNumber="993">
(see R1, R5, R12), which might have led
<bibRefCitation id="A366CFA48D02F635FC27B46CFB66FAA8" author="Balogh J. &amp; Mahunka S." box="[951,1259,1327,1351]" pageId="5" pageNumber="993" refId="ref47954" refString="Balogh J., Mahunka S. 1983. Primitive Oribatids of the Palaearctic Region. Budapest: Akad. Kiado. pp. 372." type="book" year="1983">Balogh and Mahunka (1983)</bibRefCitation>
to suggest the existence of Palaearctic subspecies. As explained below, some purported variation may not be real, but we suspect the name
<taxonomicName id="00F7C9D68D02F635FD5DB436FCB2FA63" authorityName="Berlese" authorityYear="1910" box="[717,831,1396,1420]" class="Arachnida" family="Eulohmanniidae" genus="Eulohmannia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Sarcoptiformes" pageId="5" pageNumber="993" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="ribagai">
<emphasis id="F5836E478D02F635FD5DB436FCB2FA63" box="[717,831,1396,1420]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="993">E. ribagai</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
currently represents a species group. Accumulating molecular evidence has exposed cryptic species in other groups of oribatid mites, both sexual and thelytokous (
<bibRefCitation id="A366CFA48D02F635FDE8B4FAFCC5FA3E" author="Heethoff M. &amp; Domes K. &amp; Laumann M. &amp; Maraun M. &amp; Norton R. A. &amp; Scheu S." box="[632,840,1465,1489]" pageId="5" pageNumber="993" pagination="392 - 402" refId="ref51187" refString="Heethoff M., Domes K., Laumann M., Maraun M., Norton R. A., Scheu S. 2007. High genetic divergences indicate ancient separation of parthenogenetic lineages of the oribatid mite Platynothrus peltifer (Acari, Oribatida). Europ. Soc. Evol. Biol., 20: 392 - 402. https: // doi. org / 10.1111 / j. 1420 - 9101.2006.01183. x" type="journal article" year="2007">
Heethoff
<emphasis id="F5836E478D02F635FD4CB4F9FC9CFA3E" box="[732,785,1465,1489]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="993">et al.</emphasis>
2007
</bibRefCitation>
;
<bibRefCitation id="A366CFA48D02F635FCC2B4FAFBA4FA3E" author="Schaffer S. &amp; Kerschbaumer M. &amp; Koblmuller S." box="[850,1065,1465,1489]" pageId="5" pageNumber="993" pagination="185 - 192" refId="ref55194" refString="Schaffer S., Kerschbaumer M., Koblmuller S. 2019. Multiple new species: Cryptic diversity in the widespread mite species Cymbaeremaeus cymba (Oribatida, Cymbaeremaeidae). Mol. Phyl. Evol., 135: 185 - 192. https: // doi. org / 10.1016 / j. ympev. 2019.03.008" type="journal article" year="2019">
Schäffer
<emphasis id="F5836E478D02F635FC2DB4F9FC7EFA3E" box="[957,1011,1465,1489]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="993">et al.</emphasis>
2019
</bibRefCitation>
;
<bibRefCitation id="A366CFA48D02F635FBA3B4FAFAD1FA3E" author="Lienhard A. &amp; Krisper G." box="[1075,1372,1465,1489]" pageId="5" pageNumber="993" pagination="23123" refId="ref51907" refString="Lienhard A., Krisper G. 2021. Hidden biodiversity in microarthropods (Acari, Oribatida, Eremaeoidea, Caleremaeus). Nature Portfolio, Sci. Rep., 11: 23123, online, pp. 14. https: // doi. org / 10.1038 / s 41598 - 021 - 02602 - 7" type="journal article" year="2021">Lienhard and Krisper 2021</bibRefCitation>
;
<bibRefCitation id="A366CFA48D02F635FAF6B4FAFDCFFA1C" author="Pfingstl T. &amp; Lienhard A. &amp; Baumann J. &amp; Koblmuller S." pageId="5" pageNumber="993" pagination="107240" refId="ref54543" refString="Pfingstl T., Lienhard A., Baumann J., Koblmuller S. 2021. A taxonomist's nightmare - Cryptic diversity in Caribbean intertidal arthropods (Arachnida, Acari, Oribatida). Mol. Phyl. Evol., 163: 107240, online. pp. 19. https: // doi. org / 10.1016 / j. ympev. 2021.107240" type="journal article" year="2021">
Pfingstl
<emphasis id="F5836E478D02F635FA55B4F9FD8AFA1C" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="993">et al.</emphasis>
2021
</bibRefCitation>
).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="C748B2558D02F635FD83B4BDFA66F9B4" blockId="5.[491,1557,1085,1800]" pageId="5" pageNumber="993">
Juveniles of
<taxonomicName id="00F7C9D68D02F635FD0DB4BCFC9DF9F9" authorityName="Berlese" authorityYear="1910" box="[669,784,1534,1558]" class="Arachnida" family="Eulohmanniidae" genus="Eulohmannia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Sarcoptiformes" pageId="5" pageNumber="993" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="ribagai">
<emphasis id="F5836E478D02F635FD0DB4BCFC9DF9F9" box="[669,784,1534,1558]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="993">E. ribagai</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
were partly described by
<bibRefCitation id="A366CFA48D02F635FBA8B4BDFB75F9F9" author="Grandjean F." box="[1080,1272,1534,1558]" pageId="5" pageNumber="993" pagination="300 - 307" refId="ref49721" refString="Grandjean F. 1939 c. Observations sur les Oribates (12 e serie). Bull. Mus. nat. Hist. natur. (2), 11: 300 - 307." type="journal article" year="1939">Grandjean (1939c)</bibRefCitation>
, based on material from
<collectingRegion id="05337CB78D02F635FDB7B763FDF2F9D7" box="[551,639,1568,1592]" country="France" name="Bretagne" pageId="5" pageNumber="993">Brittany</collectingRegion>
,
<collectingCountry id="BFE0F2C58D02F635FD1AB762FD5BF9D7" box="[650,726,1569,1592]" name="France" pageId="5" pageNumber="993">France</collectingCountry>
. This remains an essential reference, but it lacks overall figures of the body, gnathosoma and legs, and it reduces leg setation to numerical formulas.
<bibRefCitation id="A366CFA48D02F635FAF6B700FA66F9B4" author="Suzuki K." box="[1382,1515,1603,1627]" pageId="5" pageNumber="993" pagination="117 - 123" refId="ref56162" refString="Suzuki K. 1979. Oribatid fauna of Hachioji City (2). Mem. Educ. Inst. Private Schools in Japan, 64: 117 - 123." type="journal article" year="1979">Suzuki (1979)</bibRefCitation>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="C748B2558D02F635FE7BB725FA5AF992" blockId="5.[491,1557,1085,1800]" box="[491,1495,1637,1662]" pageId="5" pageNumber="993">
presented a dorsal habitus image of a nymph from
<collectingCountry id="BFE0F2C58D02F635FBB4B725FBEEF992" box="[1060,1123,1638,1661]" name="Japan" pageId="5" pageNumber="993">Japan</collectingCountry>
, purportedly belonging
<emphasis id="F5836E478D02F635FAF4B724FAF6F991" box="[1380,1403,1639,1662]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="993">E.</emphasis>
to
<taxonomicName id="00F7C9D68D02F635FA12B726FA5DF992" authorityName="Berlese" authorityYear="1910" box="[1410,1488,1637,1661]" class="Arachnida" family="Eulohmanniidae" genus="Eulohmannia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Sarcoptiformes" pageId="5" pageNumber="993" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="ribagai">
<emphasis id="F5836E478D02F635FA12B726FA5DF992" box="[1410,1488,1637,1661]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="993">ribagai</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
,
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="C748B2558D02F635FE7BB7CBFB5AF94F" blockId="5.[491,1557,1085,1800]" box="[491,1239,1672,1696]" pageId="5" pageNumber="993">but there are reasons to doubt the species identification (see below).</paragraph>
<paragraph id="C748B2558D02F635FD83B7E8FA7AF92C" blockId="5.[491,1557,1085,1800]" box="[531,1527,1707,1731]" pageId="5" pageNumber="993">Below, we offer a narrative description of the ontogenetic development from larva to adult.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="C748B2558D02F635FE7BB78EFCF0F8E7" blockId="5.[491,1557,1085,1800]" pageId="5" pageNumber="993">
The prelarva is unknown, as we have not had
<taxonomicName id="00F7C9D68D02F635FC45B78DFBCAF90A" authorityName="Berlese" authorityYear="1910" box="[981,1095,1741,1765]" class="Arachnida" family="Eulohmanniidae" genus="Eulohmannia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Sarcoptiformes" pageId="5" pageNumber="993" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="ribagai">
<emphasis id="F5836E478D02F635FC45B78DFBCAF90A" box="[981,1095,1741,1765]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="993">E. ribagai</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
in culture and we have never found a prelarva within a female (see below).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="8FEDE1DE8D02F636FE7BB67AFDFAF88C" lastPageId="6" lastPageNumber="994" pageId="5" pageNumber="993" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph id="C748B2558D02F635FE7BB67AFD7FF8BC" blockId="5.[491,754,1849,1875]" box="[491,754,1849,1875]" pageId="5" pageNumber="993">
<emphasis id="F5836E478D02F635FE7BB67AFD7FF8BC" bold="true" box="[491,754,1849,1875]" pageId="5" pageNumber="993">Material examined</emphasis>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="C748B2558D02F635FE7BB62EFA56F803" blockId="5.[491,1531,1901,2028]" pageId="5" pageNumber="993">
Our data, figures, and discussions are based primarily on samples from a population in central
<collectingRegion id="05337CB78D02F635FE7BB6D3FD1AF848" box="[491,663,1935,1959]" country="United States of America" name="New York" pageId="5" pageNumber="993">New York State</collectingRegion>
(Cortland and Onondaga counties) that is morphologically consistent with studied Palaearctic specimens and with the carefully prepared figures of
<bibRefCitation id="A366CFA48D02F635FA8BB6F1FDAAF803" author="Lebrun P. &amp; Wauthy G." pageId="5" pageNumber="993" pagination="131 - 142" refId="ref51703" refString="Lebrun P., Wauthy G. 1981. Quelques observations et reflexions sur les peuplements d'Oribates hypoges (Acariens). Ann. Soc. Roy. Zool. Malacol. Belg., 111: 131 - 142." type="journal article" year="1981">Lebrun and Wauthy (1981)</bibRefCitation>
and
<bibRefCitation id="A366CFA48D02F635FDF2B697FCA4F803" author="Weigmann G." box="[610,809,2004,2028]" pageId="5" pageNumber="993" pagination="520" refId="ref56654" refString="Weigmann G. 2006. Hornmilben (Oribatida). Die Tierwelt Deutschlands. Teil 76. Keltern: Goecke and Evers. pp. 520." type="journal article" year="2006">Weigmann (2006)</bibRefCitation>
. The provenance of supplementary material is detailed below.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="C748B2558D01F636FE7BB1A6FB44FEAE" blockId="6.[489,1527,229,1891]" pageId="6" pageNumber="994">
All examined adults were female, except in samples from northwestern North America (see below). Unless indicated otherwise, specimens are in the personal collection of the first author, with a selection of each instar from Cortland Co., NY in the
<emphasis id="F5836E478D01F636FBFEB069FB4FFEAD" box="[1134,1218,298,322]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="994">TSUMZ</emphasis>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="C748B2558D01F636FD83B00FFA26FE47" blockId="6.[489,1527,229,1891]" pageId="6" pageNumber="994">
<emphasis id="F5836E478D01F636FD83B00FFDC5FE8B" bold="true" box="[531,584,332,356]" pageId="6" pageNumber="994">
<collectingCountry id="BFE0F2C58D01F636FD83B00FFDC5FE8B" box="[531,584,332,356]" name="United States of America" pageId="6" pageNumber="994">USA</collectingCountry>
</emphasis>
—
<emphasis id="F5836E478D01F636FDFEB00EFD5FFE8B" box="[622,722,332,356]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="994">
<collectingRegion id="05337CB78D01F636FDFEB00EFD5FFE8B" box="[622,722,332,356]" country="United States of America" name="New York" pageId="6" pageNumber="994">New York</collectingRegion>
</emphasis>
: Cortland Co., Tully, Heiberg Memorial Forest,
<geoCoordinate id="A2C3D4928D01F636FB71B00FFAD9FE8B" box="[1249,1364,332,356]" degrees="42" direction="north" minutes="46.19" orientation="latitude" pageId="6" pageNumber="994" precision="9" value="42.769833">42°46.19′N</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate id="A2C3D4928D01F636FACDB00FFA57FE8B" box="[1373,1498,332,356]" degrees="76" direction="west" minutes="04.61" orientation="longitude" pageId="6" pageNumber="994" precision="9" value="-76.076836">76°04.61′W</geoCoordinate>
, humus and upper soil in young hardwood forest, R.A. Norton col.,
<date id="B34994958D01F636FB45B02DFAA0FE69" box="[1237,1325,366,390]" pageId="6" pageNumber="994" value="2017-05-29">29-v-2017</date>
(~80 Ad, 11 Tn, ~80 La); same,
<date id="B34994958D01F636FD1CB0D3FD61FE47" box="[652,748,400,424]" pageId="6" pageNumber="994" value="2017-07-02">2-vii-2017</date>
(4 Ad, 2 Tn, 6 Dn, 14 Pn); same,
<date id="B34994958D01F636FBCEB0D3FB54FE47" box="[1118,1241,400,424]" pageId="6" pageNumber="994" value="2017-08-01">01-viii-2017</date>
(8 Tn, 12 Dn, 3 Pn);
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="C748B2558D01F636FE7BB0F0FA38FDDF" blockId="6.[489,1527,229,1891]" pageId="6" pageNumber="994">
same, J. Cianciolo col.,
<date id="B34994958D01F636FD7AB0F1FCCBFE25" box="[746,838,434,458]" pageId="6" pageNumber="994" value="1999-06-17">17-vi-1999</date>
(3 La); Onondaga Co., Clark Reservation St. Park, Glacier Lake basin, south slope,
<geoCoordinate id="A2C3D4928D01F636FC91B097FCF8FE03" box="[769,885,468,492]" degrees="42" direction="north" minutes="59.65" orientation="latitude" pageId="6" pageNumber="994" precision="9" value="42.994167">42°59.65′N</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate id="A2C3D4928D01F636FC11B097FC75FE03" box="[897,1016,468,492]" degrees="76" direction="west" minutes="05.42" orientation="longitude" pageId="6" pageNumber="994" precision="9" value="-76.09033">76°05.42′W</geoCoordinate>
, R.A. Norton col., from deep humus on north-facing talus slope, in
<taxonomicName id="00F7C9D68D01F636FC80B0B5FCCFFDE1" box="[784,834,502,526]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Sapindaceae" genus="Acer" kingdom="Plantae" order="Sapindales" pageId="6" pageNumber="994" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="F5836E478D01F636FC80B0B5FCCFFDE1" box="[784,834,502,526]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="994">Acer</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="00F7C9D68D01F636FCC0B0B5FBB1FDE1" box="[848,1084,502,526]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Betulaceae" genus="Betula" kingdom="Plantae" order="Fagales" pageId="6" pageNumber="994" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="alleghaniensis">
<emphasis id="F5836E478D01F636FCC0B0B5FBB1FDE1" box="[848,1084,502,526]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="994">Betula alleghaniensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
forest,
<date id="B34994958D01F636FB16B0B5FB7CFDE1" box="[1158,1265,502,526]" pageId="6" pageNumber="994" value="2002-06-26">26-vi-2002</date>
(11 Ad 1 La); same,
<date id="B34994958D01F636FE7BB35AFDB2FDDE" box="[491,575,537,561]" pageId="6" pageNumber="994" value="2002-10-04">4-x-2002</date>
(4 Ad); same
<date id="B34994958D01F636FD4CB35AFCB7FDDE" box="[732,826,537,561]" pageId="6" pageNumber="994" value="2009-07-07">7-vii-2009</date>
(5 Ad); same,
<date id="B34994958D01F636FC4DB35AFBCAFDDE" box="[989,1095,537,561]" pageId="6" pageNumber="994" value="2016-11-02">02-xi-2016</date>
(39 Ad, 4 Tn, 1 Dn); St. Lawrence
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="C748B2558D01F636FE7BB378FA57FD78" blockId="6.[489,1527,229,1891]" pageId="6" pageNumber="994">
Co., Cranberry Lake Biological Station, Barber Island,
<date id="B34994958D01F636FBC3B378FB4FFDBC" box="[1107,1218,571,595]" pageId="6" pageNumber="994" value="1983-07-26">26-vii-1983</date>
, R.A. Norton col., from dense mat under
<taxonomicName id="00F7C9D68D01F636FD30B31EFC1CFD9A" box="[672,913,605,629]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Crassulaceae" genus="Lycopodium" kingdom="Plantae" order="Saxifragales" pageId="6" pageNumber="994" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="obscurum">
<emphasis id="F5836E478D01F636FD30B31EFC1CFD9A" box="[672,913,605,629]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="994">Lycopodium obscurum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, in beech forest (1 Ad).
<emphasis id="F5836E478D01F636FB09B31EFB6CFD9A" box="[1177,1249,605,629]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="994">
<collectingRegion id="05337CB78D01F636FB09B31EFB6CFD9A" box="[1177,1249,605,629]" country="United States of America" name="Alaska" pageId="6" pageNumber="994">Alaska</collectingRegion>
</emphasis>
: Fairbanks, University of
<collectingRegion id="05337CB78D01F636FD99B33CFDDEFD78" box="[521,595,639,663]" country="United States of America" name="Alaska" pageId="6" pageNumber="994">Alaska</collectingRegion>
Campus, West Ridge,
<date id="B34994958D01F636FCC4B33CFC49FD78" box="[852,964,639,663]" pageId="6" pageNumber="994" value="2021-04-14">14-iv-2021</date>
, R. Andrews col., from soil-litter in boreal forest
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="C748B2558D01F636FE7BB3E2FB87FD56" blockId="6.[489,1527,229,1891]" box="[491,1034,673,697]" pageId="6" pageNumber="994">
(8 Ad:
<specimenCount id="D1F179DC8D01F636FDAAB3E2FD29FD56" box="[570,676,673,697]" pageId="6" pageNumber="994" type="female">6 females</specimenCount>
,
<specimenCount id="D1F179DC8D01F636FD3FB3E2FC8DFD56" box="[687,768,673,697]" pageId="6" pageNumber="994" type="male">2 males</specimenCount>
, 4 undetermined,
<emphasis id="F5836E478D01F636FC2EB3E2FC75FD56" box="[958,1016,673,697]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="994">UAM</emphasis>
).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="C748B2558D01F636FD83B387FA53FB56" blockId="6.[489,1527,229,1891]" pageId="6" pageNumber="994">
<emphasis id="F5836E478D01F636FD83B387FDF9FD33" bold="true" box="[531,628,708,732]" pageId="6" pageNumber="994">
<collectingCountry id="BFE0F2C58D01F636FD83B387FDF9FD33" box="[531,628,708,732]" name="Canada" pageId="6" pageNumber="994">Canada</collectingCountry>
</emphasis>
—
<emphasis id="F5836E478D01F636FD09B380FD64FD34" box="[665,745,707,731]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="994">
<collectingRegion id="05337CB78D01F636FD09B380FD64FD34" box="[665,745,707,731]" country="Canada" name="Alberta" pageId="6" pageNumber="994">Alberta</collectingRegion>
</emphasis>
: Kananaskis Country, Fortress Mountain,
<date id="B34994958D01F636FB2DB380FAA7FD34" box="[1213,1322,707,731]" pageId="6" pageNumber="994" value="1983-07-12">12-vii-1983</date>
, V. Behan-Pelletier col., from litter under semi-prostrate alpine fir in alpine area (2 Ad,
<emphasis id="F5836E478D01F636FAA7B3A5FAE1FD12" box="[1335,1388,742,765]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="994">CNC</emphasis>
).
<emphasis id="F5836E478D01F636FA15B3A5FDD8FCF0" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="994">Newfoundland</emphasis>
: Gross Morne National Park, Berry Hill area, near Rocky Harbour,
<date id="B34994958D01F636FAA6B244FA2DFCF0" box="[1334,1440,775,799]" pageId="6" pageNumber="994" value="1976-07-29">29-vii-1976</date>
, E. Lindquist col., from spruce-fir litter above seashore (1 Ad,
<emphasis id="F5836E478D01F636FBFBB269FB2DFCAE" box="[1131,1184,810,833]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="994">CNC</emphasis>
);
<quantity id="000F1FB08D01F636FB29B26AFB60FCAE" box="[1209,1261,809,833]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.218688" pageId="6" pageNumber="994" unit="mi" value="2.0">2 mi.</quantity>
N of Eddieʹs Cove,
<date id="B34994958D01F636FE7BB20FFDEBFC8B" box="[491,614,844,868]" pageId="6" pageNumber="994" value="1976-08-11">11-viii-1976</date>
, E. Lindquist col. from crowberry-bilberry mat and litter above seashore (1 Ad); St. Anthony,
<date id="B34994958D01F636FDEBB22DFD7EFC69" box="[635,755,878,902]" pageId="6" pageNumber="994" value="1976-08-12">12-viii-1976</date>
, E. Lindquist col., from moss, grass, herbs and substrate by seepage, lighthouse area (1 Ad,
<emphasis id="F5836E478D01F636FD75B2D3FC97FC48" box="[741,794,912,935]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="994">CNC</emphasis>
).
<emphasis id="F5836E478D01F636FCA3B2D2FC57FC47" box="[819,986,912,936]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="994">
<collectingRegion id="05337CB78D01F636FCA3B2D2FC57FC47" box="[819,986,912,936]" country="Canada" name="New Brunswick" pageId="6" pageNumber="994">New Brunswick</collectingRegion>
</emphasis>
: Kouchibouguac National Park,
<date id="B34994958D01F636FAC0B2D3FA3CFC47" box="[1360,1457,912,936]" pageId="6" pageNumber="994" value="1978-06-19">19-vi-1978</date>
, R. Cope col., from den in mixed woods (1 La,
<emphasis id="F5836E478D01F636FC78B2F0FB90FC25" box="[1000,1053,947,970]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="994">CNC</emphasis>
).
<emphasis id="F5836E478D01F636FBA5B2F0FB3AFC25" box="[1077,1207,946,970]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="994">
<collectingRegion id="05337CB78D01F636FBA5B2F0FB3AFC25" box="[1077,1207,946,970]" country="Canada" name="Nova Scotia" pageId="6" pageNumber="994">Nova Scotia</collectingRegion>
</emphasis>
: Cape Breton Highlands National Park, Clyburn Brook,
<date id="B34994958D01F636FCABB297FC00FC03" box="[827,909,980,1004]" pageId="6" pageNumber="994" value="1983-09-07">7-ix-1983</date>
, V. Behan-Pelletier col., from red oak litter at base of very old tree on rocky slope (1 Ad,
<emphasis id="F5836E478D01F636FCF0B2B4FC18FBE1" box="[864,917,1015,1038]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="994">CNC</emphasis>
); same, but Pleasant Bay,
<date id="B34994958D01F636FB3FB2B5FA8DFBE1" box="[1199,1280,1014,1038]" pageId="6" pageNumber="994" value="1983-09-07">7-ix-1983</date>
, from thick
<taxonomicName id="00F7C9D68D01F636FA06B2B4FA57FBE1" box="[1430,1498,1015,1038]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Fagaceae" genus="Fagus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Fagales" pageId="6" pageNumber="994" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="F5836E478D01F636FA06B2B4FA57FBE1" box="[1430,1498,1015,1038]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="994">Fagus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
litter (1 Pn, 1 Tn); same but Mica Mountain, Barren,
<date id="B34994958D01F636FBB4B55BFB0BFBDF" box="[1060,1158,1048,1072]" pageId="6" pageNumber="994" value="1983-09-12">12-ix-1983</date>
, from
<taxonomicName id="00F7C9D68D01F636FB4FB55BFAF0FBDF" box="[1247,1405,1048,1072]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Ericaceae" genus="Arctostaphylos" kingdom="Plantae" order="Ericales" pageId="6" pageNumber="994" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="F5836E478D01F636FB4FB55BFAF0FBDF" box="[1247,1405,1048,1072]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="994">Arctostaphylos</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="00F7C9D68D01F636FA1BB55BFA5FFBDF" box="[1419,1490,1048,1072]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Ericaceae" genus="Ledum" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" order="Ericales" pageId="6" pageNumber="994" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="F5836E478D01F636FA1BB55BFA5FFBDF" box="[1419,1490,1048,1072]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="994">Ledum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="00F7C9D68D01F636FE7BB578FDD5FBBD" box="[491,600,1083,1106]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Ericaceae" genus="Vaccinium" kingdom="Plantae" order="Ericales" pageId="6" pageNumber="994" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="F5836E478D01F636FE7BB578FDD5FBBD" box="[491,600,1083,1106]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="994">Vaccinium</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and
<taxonomicName id="00F7C9D68D01F636FD1FB579FD47FBBD" box="[655,714,1082,1106]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Betulaceae" genus="Alnus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Fagales" pageId="6" pageNumber="994" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="F5836E478D01F636FD1FB579FD47FBBD" box="[655,714,1082,1106]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="994">Alnus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
litter (1 Ad).
<emphasis id="F5836E478D01F636FCF5B579FBC6FBBD" box="[869,1099,1082,1106]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="994">
<collectingRegion id="05337CB78D01F636FCF5B579FBC6FBBD" box="[869,1099,1082,1106]" country="Canada" name="Northwest Territories" pageId="6" pageNumber="994">Northwest Territories</collectingRegion>
</emphasis>
: Reindeer Station, edge of Caribou Hills,
<geoCoordinate id="A2C3D4928D01F636FDBEB51FFD0FFB9B" box="[558,642,1116,1140]" degrees="68" direction="north" minutes="42" orientation="latitude" pageId="6" pageNumber="994" precision="925" value="68.7">68°42′N</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate id="A2C3D4928D01F636FD1DB51FFD63FB9B" box="[653,750,1116,1140]" degrees="134" direction="west" minutes="07" orientation="longitude" pageId="6" pageNumber="994" precision="925" value="-134.11667">134°07′W</geoCoordinate>
,
<date id="B34994958D01F636FD6AB51FFCDAFB9B" box="[762,855,1116,1140]" pageId="6" pageNumber="994" value="1987-07-08">8-vii-1987</date>
, R.A. Norton col., from litter, roots under
<taxonomicName id="00F7C9D68D01F636FAD9B51FFA12FB9B" box="[1353,1439,1116,1140]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Rosaceae" genus="Spiraea" kingdom="Plantae" order="Rosales" pageId="6" pageNumber="994" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="F5836E478D01F636FAD9B51FFA12FB9B" box="[1353,1439,1116,1140]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="994">Spiraea</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and birch (
<taxonomicName id="00F7C9D68D01F636FDA2B53CFD61FB78" box="[562,748,1151,1175]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Betulaceae" genus="Betula" kingdom="Plantae" order="Fagales" pageId="6" pageNumber="994" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="papyrifera">
<emphasis id="F5836E478D01F636FDA2B53CFD61FB78" box="[562,748,1151,1175]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="994">Betula papyrifera</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
) (~
<quantity id="000F1FB08D01F636FC8BB53CFCC4FB79" box="[795,841,1151,1174]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="7.0" pageId="6" pageNumber="994" unit="cm" value="7.0">7 cm</quantity>
to permafrost) (
<specimenCount id="D1F179DC8D01F636FC66B53CFBE0FB78" box="[1014,1133,1151,1175]" pageId="6" pageNumber="994" type="female">10 females</specimenCount>
,
<specimenCount id="D1F179DC8D01F636FBE8B53CFB45FB78" box="[1144,1224,1151,1175]" pageId="6" pageNumber="994" type="male">8 males</specimenCount>
; 2 Tn).
<emphasis id="F5836E478D01F636FAB9B53CFAF0FB79" box="[1321,1405,1151,1174]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="994">
<collectingRegion id="05337CB78D01F636FAB9B53CFAF0FB79" box="[1321,1405,1151,1174]" country="Canada" name="Ontario" pageId="6" pageNumber="994">Ontario</collectingRegion>
</emphasis>
: Lanark Co., Tennyson,
<date id="B34994958D01F636FD02B5E2FD70FB56" box="[658,765,1185,1209]" pageId="6" pageNumber="994" value="1970-06-14">14-vi-1970</date>
, B. Stewart col., from moss on rock in deciduous bush (2 Ad,
<emphasis id="F5836E478D01F636FA08B5E2FA40FB57" box="[1432,1485,1185,1208]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="994">CNC</emphasis>
).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="C748B2558D01F636FD83B580FA2BFA26" blockId="6.[489,1527,229,1891]" pageId="6" pageNumber="994">
<emphasis id="F5836E478D01F636FD83B580FDEAFB34" bold="true" box="[531,615,1219,1243]" pageId="6" pageNumber="994">Europe</emphasis>
—
<emphasis id="F5836E478D01F636FD01B580FD53FB34" box="[657,734,1219,1243]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="994">
<collectingCountry id="BFE0F2C58D01F636FD01B580FD53FB34" box="[657,734,1219,1243]" name="Austria" pageId="6" pageNumber="994">Austria</collectingCountry>
</emphasis>
:
<collectingRegion id="05337CB78D01F636FD61B580FCE0FB34" box="[753,877,1219,1243]" country="Austria" name="Vorarlberg" pageId="6" pageNumber="994">Vorarlberg</collectingRegion>
, Vandans, Lüner See, southern slope of Seekopf,
<quantity id="000F1FB08D01F636FA01B580FA57FB34" box="[1425,1498,1219,1243]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.03" pageId="6" pageNumber="994" unit="m" value="2030.0">2030 m</quantity>
a.s.l.,
<geoCoordinate id="A2C3D4928D01F636FDBCB5A6FD23FB12" box="[556,686,1253,1277]" degrees="47" direction="north" minutes="03" orientation="latitude" pageId="6" pageNumber="994" precision="1" seconds="12.2" value="47.053387">47°03′12.2″N</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate id="A2C3D4928D01F636FD29B5A6FCA5FB12" box="[697,808,1253,1277]" degrees="9" direction="east" minutes="44" orientation="longitude" pageId="6" pageNumber="994" precision="1" seconds="37.3" value="9.743694">9°44′37.3″E</geoCoordinate>
,
<date id="B34994958D01F636FCA4B5A6FC28FB12" box="[820,933,1253,1277]" pageId="6" pageNumber="994" value="2010-06-30">30-vi-2010</date>
, I. Schatz col., from sieving alpine grassland and cushion plants (1 Tn, 1 Pn);
<collectingRegion id="05337CB78D01F636FCC1B444FC40FAF0" box="[849,973,1287,1311]" country="Austria" name="Vorarlberg" pageId="6" pageNumber="994">Vorarlberg</collectingRegion>
, Rheintal valley, Batschuns near Rankweil,
<quantity id="000F1FB08D01F636FA38B444FA6BFAF0" box="[1448,1510,1287,1311]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.9" pageId="6" pageNumber="994" unit="m" value="590.0">590 m</quantity>
a.s.l.,
<geoCoordinate id="A2C3D4928D01F636FDBBB46AFD3BFAAE" box="[555,694,1321,1345]" degrees="47" direction="north" minutes="16" orientation="latitude" pageId="6" pageNumber="994" precision="1" seconds="45.3" value="47.27925">47°16′45.3″N</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate id="A2C3D4928D01F636FD52B46AFCB8FAAE" box="[706,821,1321,1345]" degrees="9" direction="east" minutes="39" orientation="longitude" pageId="6" pageNumber="994" precision="1" seconds="51.1" value="9.664194">9°39′51.1″E</geoCoordinate>
, H. Schatz col., from soil in pasture grass with roots (2 Tn);
<collectingRegion id="05337CB78D01F636FE7BB408FDD9FA8C" box="[491,596,1355,1379]" country="Austria" name="Salzburg" pageId="6" pageNumber="994">Salzburg</collectingRegion>
, Badgastein, Stubner Alm, on base of Stubnerkogel, ~
<quantity id="000F1FB08D01F636FB3DB408FB77FA8C" box="[1197,1274,1355,1379]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.815" pageId="6" pageNumber="994" unit="m" value="1815.0">1815 m</quantity>
a.s.l.,
<geoCoordinate id="A2C3D4928D01F636FAAFB408FA00FA8C" box="[1343,1421,1355,1379]" degrees="47" direction="north" minutes="07" orientation="latitude" pageId="6" pageNumber="994" precision="925" value="47.116665">47°07′N</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate id="A2C3D4928D01F636FA07B408FA52FA8C" box="[1431,1503,1355,1379]" degrees="18" direction="east" minutes="07" orientation="longitude" pageId="6" pageNumber="994" precision="925" value="18.116667">18°07E</geoCoordinate>
,
<date id="B34994958D01F636FE7BB42EFDB9FA6A" box="[491,564,1389,1413]" pageId="6" pageNumber="994" value="1977-07">vii-1977</date>
, H. Schatz col., from soil in cultivated pasture near timberline (1 Tn).
<emphasis id="F5836E478D01F636FAC3B42DFA3BFA6A" box="[1363,1462,1390,1413]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="994">
<collectingCountry id="BFE0F2C58D01F636FAC3B42DFA3BFA6A" box="[1363,1462,1390,1413]" name="Germany" pageId="6" pageNumber="994">Germany</collectingCountry>
</emphasis>
:
<collectingRegion id="05337CB78D01F636FE7BB4D3FDBAFA47" box="[491,567,1424,1448]" country="Germany" name="Sachsen" pageId="6" pageNumber="994">Saxony</collectingRegion>
, District of Görlitz, Ostritz, Neissetal, 1967, H.D. Engelmann col., from deciduous forest (11 Ad; see
<bibRefCitation id="A366CFA48D01F636FD29B4F1FCE6FA25" author="Engelmann H. D." box="[697,875,1458,1482]" pageId="6" pageNumber="994" pagination="1 - 44" refId="ref48913" refString="Engelmann H. D. 1972. Die Oribatidenfauna des Neissetales bei Ostritz (Oberlausitz). Abh. Berich. Naturk. Gorlitz, 47: 1 - 44." type="journal article" year="1972">Engelmann 1972</bibRefCitation>
);
<collectingRegion id="05337CB78D01F636FCECB4F1FC5EFA26" box="[892,979,1458,1481]" country="Germany" name="Bremen" pageId="6" pageNumber="994">Bremen</collectingRegion>
, Teufelsmoor, 53°16ʹN, 8°54ʹS,
<date id="B34994958D01F636FAB7B4F1FA0DFA25" box="[1319,1408,1458,1482]" pageId="6" pageNumber="994" value="1987-12-03">3-xii-1987</date>
, H.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="C748B2558D01F636FE7BB497FA61F9DF" blockId="6.[489,1527,229,1891]" pageId="6" pageNumber="994">
John col., from litter under ferns and scattered birch in coal mining area (1 Tn).
<emphasis id="F5836E478D01F636FAAAB497FA06FA03" box="[1338,1419,1492,1516]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="994">
<collectingCountry id="BFE0F2C58D01F636FAAAB497FA06FA03" box="[1338,1419,1492,1516]" name="Sweden" pageId="6" pageNumber="994">Sweden</collectingCountry>
</emphasis>
: Torne Lappmark, Abisko,
<date id="B34994958D01F636FD53B4B5FCA9F9E1" box="[707,804,1526,1550]" pageId="6" pageNumber="994" value="1975-07-03">3-vii-1975</date>
, A. Edler col., from ‘reindeer moss’ (
<taxonomicName id="00F7C9D68D01F636FB53B4B5FAABF9E1" box="[1219,1318,1526,1550]" class="Lecanoromycetes" family="Cladoniaceae" genus="Cladonia" kingdom="Fungi" order="Lecanorales" pageId="6" pageNumber="994" phylum="Ascomycota" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="F5836E478D01F636FB53B4B5FAABF9E1" box="[1219,1318,1526,1550]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="994">Cladonia</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
lichen) on stone and clay (1 Ad);
<collectingRegion id="05337CB78D01F636FD3AB75BFD63F9DF" box="[682,750,1560,1584]" country="Sweden" name="Skane" pageId="6" pageNumber="994">Skåne</collectingRegion>
, Traneröds Bog,
<date id="B34994958D01F636FC3FB75BFBA8F9DF" box="[943,1061,1560,1584]" pageId="6" pageNumber="994" value="1974-08-30">30-viii-1974</date>
, A. Edler, col., substrate unknown (7 Ad).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="C748B2558D01F636FD83B778FDFAF88C" blockId="6.[489,1527,229,1891]" pageId="6" pageNumber="994">
<emphasis id="F5836E478D01F636FD83B778FDC5F9BC" bold="true" box="[531,584,1595,1619]" pageId="6" pageNumber="994">Asia</emphasis>
—
<emphasis id="F5836E478D01F636FDE3B778FD35F9BD" box="[627,696,1595,1618]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="994">
<collectingCountry id="BFE0F2C58D01F636FDE3B778FD35F9BD" box="[627,696,1595,1618]" name="Russia" pageId="6" pageNumber="994">Russia</collectingCountry>
</emphasis>
: Far East,
<collectingRegion id="05337CB78D01F636FCAAB779FC4DF9BD" box="[826,960,1594,1618]" country="Russia" name="Khabarovsk" pageId="6" pageNumber="994">Khabarovsk</collectingRegion>
Territory,
<collectingRegion id="05337CB78D01F636FBA7B779FB40F9BD" box="[1079,1229,1594,1618]" inferredBySuffix="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="994">Bikin District</collectingRegion>
,
<quantity id="000F1FB08D01F636FB4BB779FA80F9BD" box="[1243,1293,1594,1618]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="9.0" pageId="6" pageNumber="994" unit="km" value="9.0">9 km</quantity>
SSE Boitsovo (
<geoCoordinate id="A2C3D4928D01F636FE62B71FFDC7F99B" box="[498,586,1628,1652]" degrees="46" direction="north" minutes="49" orientation="latitude" pageId="6" pageNumber="994" precision="925" value="46.816666">46°49′N</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate id="A2C3D4928D01F636FDC6B71FFD3DF99B" box="[598,688,1628,1652]" degrees="134" direction="east" minutes="23" orientation="longitude" pageId="6" pageNumber="994" precision="925" value="134.38333">134°23′E</geoCoordinate>
),
<date id="B34994958D01F636FD53B71FFC90F99B" box="[707,797,1628,1652]" pageId="6" pageNumber="994" value="1991-09-04">4-ix-1991</date>
, R.A. Norton col., from fern litter, rhizomes in moist ravine under
<taxonomicName id="00F7C9D68D01F636FDBEB73CFDE7F979" box="[558,618,1663,1686]" class="Pinopsida" family="Pinaceae" genus="Picea" kingdom="Plantae" order="Pinales" pageId="6" pageNumber="994" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="F5836E478D01F636FDBEB73CFDE7F979" box="[558,618,1663,1686]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="994">Picea</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
litter (1 Ad); same,
<collectingRegion id="05337CB78D01F636FCD3B73DFBAFF979" box="[835,1058,1662,1686]" country="Russia" name="Khabarovsk" pageId="6" pageNumber="994">Khabarovsk District</collectingRegion>
; Bolshekhekhtsirsky State Nature Reserve, mixed forest,
<geoCoordinate id="A2C3D4928D01F636FD13B7E3FD65F957" box="[643,744,1696,1720]" degrees="48.275656" direction="north" orientation="latitude" pageId="6" pageNumber="994" precision="1" value="48.275658">48.275656</geoCoordinate>
<geoCoordinate id="A2C3D4928D01F636FD60B7E3FCD4F957" box="[752,857,1696,1720]" degrees="135.047959" direction="east" orientation="longitude" pageId="6" pageNumber="994" precision="1" value="135.04796">135.047959</geoCoordinate>
,
<date id="B34994958D01F636FCF5B7E3FC4EF957" box="[869,963,1696,1720]" pageId="6" pageNumber="994" value="1988-09-17">17-ix-1988</date>
, V. Behan-Pelletier col., from
<taxonomicName id="00F7C9D68D01F636FADAB7E3FA15F957" box="[1354,1432,1696,1720]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Rosaceae" genus="Sorbus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Rosales" pageId="6" pageNumber="994" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="F5836E478D01F636FADAB7E3FA15F957" box="[1354,1432,1696,1720]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="994">Sorbus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and
<taxonomicName id="00F7C9D68D01F636FE7BB787FD11F934" box="[491,668,1731,1755]" class="Pinopsida" family="Pinaceae" genus="Pinus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Pinales" pageId="6" pageNumber="994" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="koraiensis">
<emphasis id="F5836E478D01F636FE7BB787FD11F934" box="[491,668,1731,1755]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="994">Pinus koraiensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
litter (8 Ad,
<emphasis id="F5836E478D01F636FCA0B780FCE8F935" box="[816,869,1731,1754]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="994">CNC</emphasis>
); same, from litter under dead fallen tree (1 Ad, 1Tn); same, edible mushrooms under
<taxonomicName id="00F7C9D68D01F636FCAEB7A6FC0FF912" box="[830,898,1765,1789]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Betulaceae" genus="Betula" kingdom="Plantae" order="Fagales" pageId="6" pageNumber="994" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="F5836E478D01F636FCAEB7A6FC0FF912" box="[830,898,1765,1789]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="994">Betula</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(1 Ad).
<emphasis id="F5836E478D01F636FC71B7A6FBAFF912" box="[993,1058,1765,1789]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="994">
<collectingCountry id="BFE0F2C58D01F636FC71B7A6FBAFF912" box="[993,1058,1765,1789]" name="China" pageId="6" pageNumber="994">China</collectingCountry>
</emphasis>
:
<collectingRegion id="05337CB78D01F636FBA3B7A6FB0AF912" box="[1075,1159,1765,1789]" country="China" name="Beijing" pageId="6" pageNumber="994">Beijing</collectingRegion>
Administrative Zone,
<collectingRegion id="05337CB78D01F636FAEFB7A6FDFFF8F0" inferredBySuffix="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="994">Men Tou Gou District</collectingRegion>
, Donling Mountain, ca
<quantity id="000F1FB08D01F636FCE6B644FC4EF8F0" box="[886,963,1799,1823]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.2" pageId="6" pageNumber="994" unit="m" value="1200.0">1200 m</quantity>
a.s.l.,
<geoCoordinate id="A2C3D4928D01F636FB99B644FBD8F8F0" box="[1033,1109,1799,1823]" degrees="39" direction="north" minutes="58" orientation="latitude" pageId="6" pageNumber="994" precision="925" value="39.966667">39°58′N</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate id="A2C3D4928D01F636FBF0B644FB4FF8F0" box="[1120,1218,1799,1823]" degrees="115" direction="east" minutes="26" orientation="longitude" pageId="6" pageNumber="994" precision="925" value="115.433334">115°26′E</geoCoordinate>
,
<date id="B34994958D01F636FB5DB644FA96F8F0" box="[1229,1307,1799,1823]" pageId="6" pageNumber="994" value="1997-10-06">6-x-1997</date>
, R.A. Norton col. from moist litter at edge of small stream in
<taxonomicName id="00F7C9D68D01F636FC74B66AFBB5F8AE" box="[996,1080,1833,1857]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Salicaceae" genus="Populus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Malpighiales" pageId="6" pageNumber="994" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="F5836E478D01F636FC74B66AFBB5F8AE" box="[996,1080,1833,1857]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="994">Populus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="00F7C9D68D01F636FBD8B66AFB11F8AE" box="[1096,1180,1833,1857]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Juglandaceae" genus="Juglans" kingdom="Plantae" order="Fagales" pageId="6" pageNumber="994" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="F5836E478D01F636FBD8B66AFB11F8AE" box="[1096,1180,1833,1857]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="994">Juglans</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
forest, with much herbaceous litter (1 Ad).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="8FEDE1DE8D01F62CFE7BB6D3FD40FBF1" lastPageId="28" lastPageNumber="1016" pageId="6" pageNumber="994" type="description">
<paragraph id="C748B2558D01F636FE7BB6D3FCB5F845" blockId="6.[491,824,1936,1962]" box="[491,824,1936,1962]" pageId="6" pageNumber="994">
<emphasis id="F5836E478D01F636FE7BB6D3FCB5F845" bold="true" box="[491,824,1936,1962]" pageId="6" pageNumber="994">Description of ontogeny</emphasis>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="C748B2558D01F636FE7BB687FA35F812" blockId="6.[491,1508,1987,2045]" pageId="6" pageNumber="994">
<emphasis id="F5836E478D01F636FE7BB687FDE3F833" bold="true" box="[491,622,1988,2012]" pageId="6" pageNumber="994">Dimensions</emphasis>
— In the
<collectingRegion id="05337CB78D01F636FD71B687FCC3F834" box="[737,846,1987,2011]" country="United States of America" name="New York" pageId="6" pageNumber="994">New York</collectingRegion>
population, the various instars (n = 10 of each) had a range of total length × maximum width as follows: La 340–369 × 116–132; Pn 427–448 × 126–149;
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="C748B2558D00F637FE7BB1A5FA63FECF" blockId="7.[491,1547,229,2015]" pageId="7" pageNumber="995">Dn 494–543 × 145–182; Tn 553–660 × 165–204; Ad (all females) 679–752 × 209–223. Most examined adults and juveniles from other studied populations were within these ranges (R1).</paragraph>
<paragraph id="C748B2558D00F637FD83B068FA6EFDFD" blockId="7.[491,1547,229,2015]" pageId="7" pageNumber="995">
<emphasis id="F5836E478D00F637FD83B068FCADFEAC" bold="true" box="[531,800,299,323]" pageId="7" pageNumber="995">Facies and proportions</emphasis>
— The elongated, almost cylindrical form of the body develops gradually (
<figureCitation id="5FCCAED08D00F637FDF8B00EFD4BFE8A" box="[616,710,333,357]" captionStart-0="Figure 1" captionStart-1="Figure 2" captionStart-2="Figure 3" captionStart-3="Figure 4" captionStartId-0="8.[119,192,1930,1951]" captionStartId-1="9.[119,192,1925,1946]" captionStartId-2="11.[119,192,1988,2009]" captionStartId-3="12.[119,192,1875,1896]" captionTargetBox-0="[103,1494,221,1877]" captionTargetBox-1="[103,1494,235,1871]" captionTargetBox-2="[114,1483,236,1924]" captionTargetBox-3="[106,1479,282,1811]" captionTargetId-0="figure-2@8.[103,1494,221,1877]" captionTargetId-1="figure-2@9.[103,1494,235,1871]" captionTargetId-2="figure-2@11.[103,1494,221,1934]" captionTargetId-3="figure-2@12.[103,1494,262,1822]" captionTargetPageId-0="8" captionTargetPageId-1="9" captionTargetPageId-2="11" captionTargetPageId-3="12" captionText-0="Figure 1 Eulohmannia ribagai(Berlese): A – larva, lateral view, epi-illumination; B – tritonymph, same; C – living adult, stereomicroscope (arrow to cervical collar); D – gravid female, with single egg (provenance uncertain, photo D.E. Walter); E – tritonymph, lateral view of gastronotum contour, with epicuticle separated by clearing; F – same, closeup optical section in polarized light; G – adult, notogastral cuticle at edge of sagittal section; H – tritonymph, right gastronotic setaec1, c2 and lyrifissureia (lower left insert = im from adult, right =im from deutonymph, showing canal). Scale bars 100 µm (A-D); 20 µm (E); 10 µm (H); 2 µm (F, G)." captionText-1="Figure 2 Eulohmannia ribagai(Berlese), adult, SEM images: A – lateral view; B – closeup of posterior proterosoma; C – dorsal view; D – frontal view (black arrow to narrow solid rostral rim); E – sejugal region, dorsal view. Scale bars 100 µm (A, C); 20 µm (B, D, E)." captionText-2="Figure 3 Eulohmannia ribagai(Berlese), larva (appendages incompletely shown): A – dorsal view B – posterior view of hysterosoma; C – ventral view; D – lateral view. Scale bar 100 µm." captionText-3="Figure 4 Eulohmannia ribagai(Berlese), nymphs (appendages incompletely shown): A – protonymph, ventral view (prodorsum incomplete); B – deutonymph, ventral view of hysterosoma; C – tritonymph, dorsal view; D – tritonymph, ventral view; E – tritonymph, partial dorsal view of gastronotum showing artifactual transverse crease (see text, R3). Scale bars 100 µm: A, B to same scale, C-E to same scale." figureDoi-0="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7945664" figureDoi-1="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7945666" figureDoi-2="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7945668" figureDoi-3="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7945672" httpUri-0="https://zenodo.org/record/7945664/files/figure.png" httpUri-1="https://zenodo.org/record/7945666/files/figure.png" httpUri-2="https://zenodo.org/record/7945668/files/figure.png" httpUri-3="https://zenodo.org/record/7945672/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="995">Figs 1-4</figureCitation>
), by changing proportions (proterosoma more than 3/4 length of hysterosoma in La but less than 2/
<quantity id="000F1FB08D00F637FD41B033FD7BFE67" box="[721,758,368,392]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="7.62" pageId="7" pageNumber="995" unit="in" value="3.0">3 in</quantity>
Ad), especially by relative elongation of the hysterosoma (slightly more than 1.5 times its maximum width in La but about twice its width in Ad). In all instars the basal region of the proterosoma comprises a ring-like cervical collar
<emphasis id="F5836E478D00F637FB6CB0F6FA91FE22" box="[1276,1308,437,461]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="995">col</emphasis>
() that inserts into the hysterosoma when the mite is fully contracted, but the collar gradually becomes more waist-like during ontogeny. Also in all instars, the paraprocts are oriented almost vertically,
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="C748B2558D00F637FE7BB35FFC57FDB8" blockId="7.[491,1547,229,2015]" pageId="7" pageNumber="995">such that defecation occurs posteriorly, rather than ventrally. This seems advantageous for a species inhabiting narrow pore spaces in soil.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="C748B2558D00F637FD83B321FA62FD51" blockId="7.[491,1547,229,2015]" pageId="7" pageNumber="995">
<emphasis id="F5836E478D00F637FD83B321FD11FD95" bold="true" box="[531,668,610,634]" pageId="7" pageNumber="995">Integument</emphasis>
(
<figureCitation id="5FCCAED08D00F637FD38B322FD7FFD96" box="[680,754,609,633]" captionStart="Figure 1" captionStartId="8.[119,192,1930,1951]" captionTargetBox="[103,1494,221,1877]" captionTargetId="figure-2@8.[103,1494,221,1877]" captionTargetPageId="8" captionText="Figure 1 Eulohmannia ribagai(Berlese): A – larva, lateral view, epi-illumination; B – tritonymph, same; C – living adult, stereomicroscope (arrow to cervical collar); D – gravid female, with single egg (provenance uncertain, photo D.E. Walter); E – tritonymph, lateral view of gastronotum contour, with epicuticle separated by clearing; F – same, closeup optical section in polarized light; G – adult, notogastral cuticle at edge of sagittal section; H – tritonymph, right gastronotic setaec1, c2 and lyrifissureia (lower left insert = im from adult, right =im from deutonymph, showing canal). Scale bars 100 µm (A-D); 20 µm (E); 10 µm (H); 2 µm (F, G)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7945664" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7945664/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="995">Figs 1</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="5FCCAED08D00F637FC93B322FC83FD96" box="[771,782,609,633]" captionStart="Figure 2" captionStartId="9.[119,192,1925,1946]" captionTargetBox="[103,1494,235,1871]" captionTargetId="figure-2@9.[103,1494,235,1871]" captionTargetPageId="9" captionText="Figure 2 Eulohmannia ribagai(Berlese), adult, SEM images: A – lateral view; B – closeup of posterior proterosoma; C – dorsal view; D – frontal view (black arrow to narrow solid rostral rim); E – sejugal region, dorsal view. Scale bars 100 µm (A, C); 20 µm (B, D, E)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7945666" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7945666/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="995">2</figureCitation>
) — Juvenile instars are colorless (
<figureCitation id="5FCCAED08D00F637FB1BB322FA9DFD96" box="[1163,1296,609,633]" captionStart="Figure 1" captionStartId="8.[119,192,1930,1951]" captionTargetBox="[103,1494,221,1877]" captionTargetId="figure-2@8.[103,1494,221,1877]" captionTargetPageId="8" captionText="Figure 1 Eulohmannia ribagai(Berlese): A – larva, lateral view, epi-illumination; B – tritonymph, same; C – living adult, stereomicroscope (arrow to cervical collar); D – gravid female, with single egg (provenance uncertain, photo D.E. Walter); E – tritonymph, lateral view of gastronotum contour, with epicuticle separated by clearing; F – same, closeup optical section in polarized light; G – adult, notogastral cuticle at edge of sagittal section; H – tritonymph, right gastronotic setaec1, c2 and lyrifissureia (lower left insert = im from adult, right =im from deutonymph, showing canal). Scale bars 100 µm (A-D); 20 µm (E); 10 µm (H); 2 µm (F, G)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7945664" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7945664/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="995">Fig. 1A, B</figureCitation>
); mature adults are light orangish-yellow when living (
<figureCitation id="5FCCAED08D00F637FC3BB3C7FB8AFD73" box="[939,1031,644,668]" captionStart="Figure 1" captionStartId="8.[119,192,1930,1951]" captionTargetBox="[103,1494,221,1877]" captionTargetId="figure-2@8.[103,1494,221,1877]" captionTargetPageId="8" captionText="Figure 1 Eulohmannia ribagai(Berlese): A – larva, lateral view, epi-illumination; B – tritonymph, same; C – living adult, stereomicroscope (arrow to cervical collar); D – gravid female, with single egg (provenance uncertain, photo D.E. Walter); E – tritonymph, lateral view of gastronotum contour, with epicuticle separated by clearing; F – same, closeup optical section in polarized light; G – adult, notogastral cuticle at edge of sagittal section; H – tritonymph, right gastronotic setaec1, c2 and lyrifissureia (lower left insert = im from adult, right =im from deutonymph, showing canal). Scale bars 100 µm (A-D); 20 µm (E); 10 µm (H); 2 µm (F, G)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7945664" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7945664/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="995">Fig. 1C</figureCitation>
), with teneral and long-preserved specimens being paler, straw-colored (
<figureCitation id="5FCCAED08D00F637FCB2B3E5FC0DFD51" box="[802,896,678,702]" captionStart="Figure 1" captionStartId="8.[119,192,1930,1951]" captionTargetBox="[103,1494,221,1877]" captionTargetId="figure-2@8.[103,1494,221,1877]" captionTargetPageId="8" captionText="Figure 1 Eulohmannia ribagai(Berlese): A – larva, lateral view, epi-illumination; B – tritonymph, same; C – living adult, stereomicroscope (arrow to cervical collar); D – gravid female, with single egg (provenance uncertain, photo D.E. Walter); E – tritonymph, lateral view of gastronotum contour, with epicuticle separated by clearing; F – same, closeup optical section in polarized light; G – adult, notogastral cuticle at edge of sagittal section; H – tritonymph, right gastronotic setaec1, c2 and lyrifissureia (lower left insert = im from adult, right =im from deutonymph, showing canal). Scale bars 100 µm (A-D); 20 µm (E); 10 µm (H); 2 µm (F, G)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7945664" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7945664/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="995">Fig. 1D</figureCitation>
). Except for articulations and appendages, the epicuticle
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="C748B2558D00F637FE7BB38AFA50FD0E" blockId="7.[491,1547,229,2015]" box="[491,1501,713,737]" pageId="7" pageNumber="995">
(epiostracum of
<bibRefCitation id="A366CFA48D00F637FD0CB38AFCD6FD0E" author="Grandjean F." box="[668,859,713,737]" pageId="7" pageNumber="995" pagination="282 - 289" refId="ref50505" refString="Grandjean F. 1956 b. Observations sur les Oribates (35 e serie). Bull. Mus. nat. Hist. natur. (2), 28: 282 - 289." type="journal article" year="1956">Grandjean 1956b</bibRefCitation>
) is reticulated in all instars by tessellating, 5- or 6-sided
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="C748B2558D00F637FE7BB3AFFA66FC3C" blockId="7.[491,1547,229,2015]" pageId="7" pageNumber="995">
(rarely 4) polygons that are almost flat but circumscribed by sharp, depressed lines. Mostly the polygons are rather regular in form and size (honey-combed, with width usually 10-13 um in Ad) but locally they can be smaller or more elongated (
<figureCitation id="5FCCAED08D00F637FBE2B272FB42FCA6" box="[1138,1231,817,841]" captionStart="Figure 1" captionStartId="8.[119,192,1930,1951]" captionTargetBox="[103,1494,221,1877]" captionTargetId="figure-2@8.[103,1494,221,1877]" captionTargetPageId="8" captionText="Figure 1 Eulohmannia ribagai(Berlese): A – larva, lateral view, epi-illumination; B – tritonymph, same; C – living adult, stereomicroscope (arrow to cervical collar); D – gravid female, with single egg (provenance uncertain, photo D.E. Walter); E – tritonymph, lateral view of gastronotum contour, with epicuticle separated by clearing; F – same, closeup optical section in polarized light; G – adult, notogastral cuticle at edge of sagittal section; H – tritonymph, right gastronotic setaec1, c2 and lyrifissureia (lower left insert = im from adult, right =im from deutonymph, showing canal). Scale bars 100 µm (A-D); 20 µm (E); 10 µm (H); 2 µm (F, G)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7945664" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7945664/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="995">Figs 1H</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="5FCCAED08D00F637FB4BB272FB6AFCA6" box="[1243,1255,817,841]" captionStart="Figure 2" captionStartId="9.[119,192,1925,1946]" captionTargetBox="[103,1494,235,1871]" captionTargetId="figure-2@9.[103,1494,235,1871]" captionTargetPageId="9" captionText="Figure 2 Eulohmannia ribagai(Berlese), adult, SEM images: A – lateral view; B – closeup of posterior proterosoma; C – dorsal view; D – frontal view (black arrow to narrow solid rostral rim); E – sejugal region, dorsal view. Scale bars 100 µm (A, C); 20 µm (B, D, E)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7945666" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7945666/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="995">2</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="5FCCAED08D00F637FB62B272FB71FCA7" box="[1266,1276,817,840]" captionStart="Figure 7" captionStartId="15.[119,192,1930,1951]" captionTargetBox="[103,1494,221,1877]" captionTargetId="figure-2@15.[103,1494,221,1877]" captionTargetPageId="15" captionText="Figure 7 Eulohmannia ribagai(Berlese): A – seta c1 of larva; B – seta c1 of adult; C – adult, metapodosomal region, lateral view of cleared specimen; D – same, closeup of leg IV region; E – same, surface closeup of leg III region; F – same as E, but deeper focus to show apodemes; G – left sejugal apodeme and apodeme III, dorsal view; H – adult, ventral aspect, region near leg IV insertion (specimen from Alberta). Scale bars 20 µm (C, H); 10 µm (A, B, D-G)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7945678" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7945678/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="995">7</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="5FCCAED08D00F637FA96B272FAA9FCA6" box="[1286,1316,817,841]" captionStart="Figure 8" captionStartId="18.[119,192,1897,1918]" captionTargetBox="[118,1479,221,1843]" captionTargetId="figure-2@18.[118,1479,221,1843]" captionTargetPageId="18" captionText="Figure 8 Eulohmannia ribagai(Berlese): A – larva, region of right leg II insertion, ventral view, showing Claparède’s organ (insert = closeup of protective scale, seta 1c); B – adult, ventrosejugal region; C – adult, podosomal region, ventral view (uncleared specimen in glycerine * = extrinsic leg III muscle inserting onap.sj); D – insertions of legs I, II, ventrolateral view, showing declivity bordered by ridger2 (* = articulation of trochanter); E – cleared adult, cross section at level of apodeme 1, anterior view; F – same, at level of apodeme 2, posterior view; G – supracoxal seta eI of two different adults from New York; H – same, from eastern Canada (top Nova Scotia, bottom New Brunswick with one broken tine); I – same, from northwestern North America (from top: Alberta, two examples from Northwest Territories, Alaska); J – same, from Palaearctic populations (from top: two examples from Sweden, Germany (tritonymph), Khabarovsk). Scale bars 20 µm (C-F); 10 µm (A, B); 5 µm (G-J, to same scale)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7945680" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7945680/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="995">8B</figureCitation>
). In juveniles, but not adults, the epicuticle commonly detaches with lactic acid treatment (
<figureCitation id="5FCCAED08D00F637FA80B210FA04FC84" box="[1296,1417,851,875]" captionStart="Figure 1" captionStartId="8.[119,192,1930,1951]" captionTargetBox="[103,1494,221,1877]" captionTargetId="figure-2@8.[103,1494,221,1877]" captionTargetPageId="8" captionText="Figure 1 Eulohmannia ribagai(Berlese): A – larva, lateral view, epi-illumination; B – tritonymph, same; C – living adult, stereomicroscope (arrow to cervical collar); D – gravid female, with single egg (provenance uncertain, photo D.E. Walter); E – tritonymph, lateral view of gastronotum contour, with epicuticle separated by clearing; F – same, closeup optical section in polarized light; G – adult, notogastral cuticle at edge of sagittal section; H – tritonymph, right gastronotic setaec1, c2 and lyrifissureia (lower left insert = im from adult, right =im from deutonymph, showing canal). Scale bars 100 µm (A-D); 20 µm (E); 10 µm (H); 2 µm (F, G)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7945664" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7945664/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="995">Fig. 1E, F</figureCitation>
), leaving the underlying procuticle without surface pattern. With light microscopy several
<typeStatus id="184C0CF78D00F637FAEEB235FA3BFC61" box="[1406,1462,886,910]" pageId="7" pageNumber="995">types</typeStatus>
of inner cuticle can be distinguished. The general body cuticle of juveniles seems somewhat leathery and elastic, but to characterize it as hardened in some manner—as did
<bibRefCitation id="A366CFA48D00F637FAE6B2F8FA66FC3C" author="Grandjean F." box="[1398,1515,955,979]" pageId="7" pageNumber="995" pagination="127 - 153" refId="ref50864" refString="Grandjean F. 1969. Considerations sur le classement des Oribates. Leur division en 6 groupes majeurs. Acarologia, 11: 127 - 153." type="journal article" year="1969">Grandjean</bibRefCitation>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="C748B2558D00F637FE7BB29EFA76FBF7" blockId="7.[491,1547,229,2015]" pageId="7" pageNumber="995">
(1969; ‘chitinized’) and
<bibRefCitation id="A366CFA48D00F637FD60B29DFCE7FC1A" author="Woas S." box="[752,874,989,1013]" pageId="7" pageNumber="995" pagination="21 - 291" refId="ref56784" refString="Woas S. 2002. Acari: Oribatida. In: Adis J. (Ed.). Amazonian Arachnida and Myriapoda. Sofia: Pensoft Publishers. p. 21 - 291." type="book chapter" year="2002">Woas (2002</bibRefCitation>
; ‘sclerotized’)—seems inappropriate. In polarized light or strong DIC illumination there is distinct layering and glowing in the procuticle (
<figureCitation id="5FCCAED08D00F637FAE2B543FA41FBF7" box="[1394,1484,1024,1048]" captionStart="Figure 1" captionStartId="8.[119,192,1930,1951]" captionTargetBox="[103,1494,221,1877]" captionTargetId="figure-2@8.[103,1494,221,1877]" captionTargetPageId="8" captionText="Figure 1 Eulohmannia ribagai(Berlese): A – larva, lateral view, epi-illumination; B – tritonymph, same; C – living adult, stereomicroscope (arrow to cervical collar); D – gravid female, with single egg (provenance uncertain, photo D.E. Walter); E – tritonymph, lateral view of gastronotum contour, with epicuticle separated by clearing; F – same, closeup optical section in polarized light; G – adult, notogastral cuticle at edge of sagittal section; H – tritonymph, right gastronotic setaec1, c2 and lyrifissureia (lower left insert = im from adult, right =im from deutonymph, showing canal). Scale bars 100 µm (A-D); 20 µm (E); 10 µm (H); 2 µm (F, G)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7945664" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7945664/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="995">Fig. 1F</figureCitation>
; see
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="C748B2558D00F637FE7BB561FA6EFBB2" blockId="7.[491,1547,229,2015]" pageId="7" pageNumber="995">
R8), which is unaffected by clearing (lactic acid). In the adult, differentiated body sclerites have a relatively thin, dense layer under the epicuticle that we assume is an exocuticle (
<figureCitation id="5FCCAED08D00F637FA23B506FA6EFBB2" box="[1459,1507,1093,1117]" captionStart="Figure 1" captionStartId="8.[119,192,1930,1951]" captionTargetBox="[103,1494,221,1877]" captionTargetId="figure-2@8.[103,1494,221,1877]" captionTargetPageId="8" captionText="Figure 1 Eulohmannia ribagai(Berlese): A – larva, lateral view, epi-illumination; B – tritonymph, same; C – living adult, stereomicroscope (arrow to cervical collar); D – gravid female, with single egg (provenance uncertain, photo D.E. Walter); E – tritonymph, lateral view of gastronotum contour, with epicuticle separated by clearing; F – same, closeup optical section in polarized light; G – adult, notogastral cuticle at edge of sagittal section; H – tritonymph, right gastronotic setaec1, c2 and lyrifissureia (lower left insert = im from adult, right =im from deutonymph, showing canal). Scale bars 100 µm (A-D); 20 µm (E); 10 µm (H); 2 µm (F, G)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7945664" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7945664/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="995">Fig.</figureCitation>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="C748B2558D00F637FE7BB524FA62FB4D" blockId="7.[491,1547,229,2015]" pageId="7" pageNumber="995">1G), which causes adult cuticle to be more rigid than that of juveniles, though still relatively elastic, deformable. The melanization typical of adult oribatid mite exocuticle is not apparent.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="C748B2558D00F637FE7BB5EFF986FA7B" blockId="7.[491,1547,229,2015]" pageId="7" pageNumber="995">
Beneath the adult exocuticle only several, relatively thick underlying endocuticular layers are distinctly visible in light microscopy. Electron micrographs show the thinner external layers in adult cuticle (
<bibRefCitation id="A366CFA48D00F637FD12B5B1FCB7FAE5" author="Alberti G. &amp; Storch V. &amp; Renner H." box="[642,826,1266,1290]" pageId="7" pageNumber="995" pagination="183 - 236" refId="ref47314" refString="Alberti G., Storch V., Renner H. 1981. Uber den feinstrukturellen Aufbau der Milbencuticula Acari (Arachnida). Zool. Jahrb. Anat., 105: 183 - 236." type="journal article" year="1981">
Alberti
<emphasis id="F5836E478D00F637FD5FB5B0FC88FAE5" box="[719,773,1266,1290]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="995">et al.</emphasis>
1981
</bibRefCitation>
, their
<figureCitation id="5FCCAED08D00F637FCEEB5B1FC58FAE5" box="[894,981,1266,1290]" captionStart="Figure 7" captionStartId="15.[119,192,1930,1951]" captionTargetBox="[103,1494,221,1877]" captionTargetId="figure-2@15.[103,1494,221,1877]" captionTargetPageId="15" captionText="Figure 7 Eulohmannia ribagai(Berlese): A – seta c1 of larva; B – seta c1 of adult; C – adult, metapodosomal region, lateral view of cleared specimen; D – same, closeup of leg IV region; E – same, surface closeup of leg III region; F – same as E, but deeper focus to show apodemes; G – left sejugal apodeme and apodeme III, dorsal view; H – adult, ventral aspect, region near leg IV insertion (specimen from Alberta). Scale bars 20 µm (C, H); 10 µm (A, B, D-G)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7945678" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7945678/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="995">Fig. 7A</figureCitation>
; 1997, their
<figureCitation id="5FCCAED08D00F637FBD8B5B1FB29FAE5" box="[1096,1188,1266,1290]" captionStart="Figure 1" captionStartId="8.[119,192,1930,1951]" captionTargetBox="[103,1494,221,1877]" captionTargetId="figure-2@8.[103,1494,221,1877]" captionTargetPageId="8" captionText="Figure 1 Eulohmannia ribagai(Berlese): A – larva, lateral view, epi-illumination; B – tritonymph, same; C – living adult, stereomicroscope (arrow to cervical collar); D – gravid female, with single egg (provenance uncertain, photo D.E. Walter); E – tritonymph, lateral view of gastronotum contour, with epicuticle separated by clearing; F – same, closeup optical section in polarized light; G – adult, notogastral cuticle at edge of sagittal section; H – tritonymph, right gastronotic setaec1, c2 and lyrifissureia (lower left insert = im from adult, right =im from deutonymph, showing canal). Scale bars 100 µm (A-D); 20 µm (E); 10 µm (H); 2 µm (F, G)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7945664" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7945664/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="995">Fig. 1A</figureCitation>
). Pore canals are unusually dense and branched in sclerites of the adult, but ultrastructure of juvenile cuticle has not been studied. Segments of appendages (
<figureCitation id="5FCCAED08D00F637FC13B474FC50FAA1" box="[899,989,1335,1359]" captionStart="Figure 7" captionStartId="15.[119,192,1930,1951]" captionTargetBox="[103,1494,221,1877]" captionTargetId="figure-2@15.[103,1494,221,1877]" captionTargetPageId="15" captionText="Figure 7 Eulohmannia ribagai(Berlese): A – seta c1 of larva; B – seta c1 of adult; C – adult, metapodosomal region, lateral view of cleared specimen; D – same, closeup of leg IV region; E – same, surface closeup of leg III region; F – same as E, but deeper focus to show apodemes; G – left sejugal apodeme and apodeme III, dorsal view; H – adult, ventral aspect, region near leg IV insertion (specimen from Alberta). Scale bars 20 µm (C, H); 10 µm (A, B, D-G)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7945678" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7945678/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="995">Figs 7D</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="5FCCAED08D00F637FC78B474FB9FFAA0" box="[1000,1042,1335,1359]" captionStart="Figure 11" captionStartId="24.[119,192,1693,1714]" captionTargetBox="[103,1494,221,1639]" captionTargetId="figure-2@24.[103,1494,221,1639]" captionTargetPageId="24" captionText="Figure 11 Eulohmannia ribagai(Berlese): A – adult, left anal and adanal plates, ventral view; B – larva, paraproctal region, slightly flattened" figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7945686" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7945686/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="995">11F</figureCitation>
) have thick, dense exocuticle in all instars and no endocuticle layers noticeable in light microscopy. Most articulations, such as those of appendages and the sejugal articulation, which allows telescoping of protero- and hysterosoma,
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="C748B2558D00F637FE7BB4DDFCFBFA14" blockId="7.[491,1547,229,2015]" pageId="7" pageNumber="995">
lack both the epicuticular reticulation and the distinct procuticular layering (
<figureCitation id="5FCCAED08D00F637FAD0B4DDFA05FA59" box="[1344,1416,1438,1462]" captionStart="Figure 5" captionStartId="13.[119,192,1831,1852]" captionTargetBox="[103,1494,284,1777]" captionTargetId="figure-2@13.[103,1494,284,1777]" captionTargetPageId="13" captionText="Figure 5 Eulohmannia ribagai(Berlese): A – larval bothridium, dorsomedial view (only one of two saccules visible); B – deutonymph, bothridial saccules; C – adult, bothridium, dorsomedial view; D – adult, rostral tectum, sagittal view; E –sejugal articulation of extended specimen, dorsal midline (sagittal section), anterior to right; F – same, but contracted specimen; G – as in E, but ventral midline; H – bothridial region, dorsolateral view. Scale bars 10 µm (H); 5 µm (A-G)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7945674" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7945674/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="995">Fig. 5</figureCitation>
E-G); by contrast, the main articulations between hysterosomal plates of the adult, which seem less supple, show the layering (
<figureCitation id="5FCCAED08D00F637FC86B4A0FCE6FA14" box="[790,875,1507,1531]" captionStart="Figure 9" captionStartId="20.[119,192,1930,1951]" captionTargetBox="[103,1494,221,1877]" captionTargetId="figure-2@20.[103,1494,221,1877]" captionTargetPageId="20" captionText="Figure 9 Eulohmannia ribagai(Berlese): A – genital region of female, ventral view (focused inside genital vestibule; white arrow on soft cuticle partially isolating part of aggenital sclerite); B – tritonymph, insertions of tendons from two fascicles of posterior dorsoventral muscle (separate insertions at top, partly attached insertions at bottom); C – posterior half of hysterosoma, ventrolateral view, showing two fascicles of posterior dorsoventral muscles (adult female from China); D – male spermatopositor (specimen from NW Territories, Canada); E – sagittal view of female genital region in polarized light, showing ovipositor (setaeτ3, τ4 out of focus) and layered articulating cuticle between genital and anal plates; F – ovipositor, unpaired ventral lobe seenen face. Scale bars 20 µm (C); 10 µm (A, B); 5 µm (D-F)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7945682" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7945682/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="995">Fig. 9E</figureCitation>
).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="C748B2558D00F637FD83B745F98FF9AF" blockId="7.[491,1547,229,2015]" pageId="7" pageNumber="995">
<emphasis id="F5836E478D00F637FD83B745FD1EF9F1" bold="true" box="[531,659,1542,1566]" pageId="7" pageNumber="995">Prodorsum</emphasis>
(
<figureCitation id="5FCCAED08D00F637FD33B745FC8DF9F1" box="[675,768,1542,1566]" captionStart-0="Figure 2" captionStart-1="Figure 3" captionStart-2="Figure 4" captionStartId-0="9.[119,192,1925,1946]" captionStartId-1="11.[119,192,1988,2009]" captionStartId-2="12.[119,192,1875,1896]" captionTargetBox-0="[103,1494,235,1871]" captionTargetBox-1="[114,1483,236,1924]" captionTargetBox-2="[106,1479,282,1811]" captionTargetId-0="figure-2@9.[103,1494,235,1871]" captionTargetId-1="figure-2@11.[103,1494,221,1934]" captionTargetId-2="figure-2@12.[103,1494,262,1822]" captionTargetPageId-0="9" captionTargetPageId-1="11" captionTargetPageId-2="12" captionText-0="Figure 2 Eulohmannia ribagai(Berlese), adult, SEM images: A – lateral view; B – closeup of posterior proterosoma; C – dorsal view; D – frontal view (black arrow to narrow solid rostral rim); E – sejugal region, dorsal view. Scale bars 100 µm (A, C); 20 µm (B, D, E)." captionText-1="Figure 3 Eulohmannia ribagai(Berlese), larva (appendages incompletely shown): A – dorsal view B – posterior view of hysterosoma; C – ventral view; D – lateral view. Scale bar 100 µm." captionText-2="Figure 4 Eulohmannia ribagai(Berlese), nymphs (appendages incompletely shown): A – protonymph, ventral view (prodorsum incomplete); B – deutonymph, ventral view of hysterosoma; C – tritonymph, dorsal view; D – tritonymph, ventral view; E – tritonymph, partial dorsal view of gastronotum showing artifactual transverse crease (see text, R3). Scale bars 100 µm: A, B to same scale, C-E to same scale." figureDoi-0="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7945666" figureDoi-1="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7945668" figureDoi-2="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7945672" httpUri-0="https://zenodo.org/record/7945666/files/figure.png" httpUri-1="https://zenodo.org/record/7945668/files/figure.png" httpUri-2="https://zenodo.org/record/7945672/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="995">Figs 2-4</figureCitation>
) — In all instars, the outline of the prodorsum is roughly ovate in dorsal view. Its outline broadens at mid-length, more noticeably in the adult than in juveniles,
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="C748B2558D00F637FE7BB708FA56F98C" blockId="7.[491,1547,229,2015]" box="[491,1499,1611,1636]" pageId="7" pageNumber="995">
such that the prodorsum is widest just posterior to seta
<emphasis id="F5836E478D00F637FBB3B70FFBB5F98C" box="[1059,1080,1612,1635]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="995">in</emphasis>
. A distinct post-bothridial groove
<emphasis id="F5836E478D00F637FA3BB708FA5EF98C" box="[1451,1491,1611,1635]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="995">pbg</emphasis>
(;
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="C748B2558D00F63AFE7BB72EFA41FF12" blockId="7.[491,1547,229,2015]" lastBlockId="10.[491,1542,229,2045]" lastPageId="10" lastPageNumber="998" pageId="7" pageNumber="995">
<figureCitation id="5FCCAED08D00F637FE7BB72EFDCEF96A" box="[491,579,1645,1669]" captionStart="Figure 2" captionStartId="9.[119,192,1925,1946]" captionTargetBox="[103,1494,235,1871]" captionTargetId="figure-2@9.[103,1494,235,1871]" captionTargetPageId="9" captionText="Figure 2 Eulohmannia ribagai(Berlese), adult, SEM images: A – lateral view; B – closeup of posterior proterosoma; C – dorsal view; D – frontal view (black arrow to narrow solid rostral rim); E – sejugal region, dorsal view. Scale bars 100 µm (A, C); 20 µm (B, D, E)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7945666" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7945666/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="995">Fig. 2E</figureCitation>
) dorsally delimits the cervical collar
<emphasis id="F5836E478D00F637FC4CB72EFC71F96A" box="[988,1020,1645,1669]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="995">col</emphasis>
(), which is overlapped by the hysterosoma when the mite is fully contracted. Overall, the collar integument has the general form of reticulation (
<figureCitation id="5FCCAED08D00F637FDE5B7F0FD40F924" box="[629,717,1715,1739]" captionStart="Figure 2" captionStartId="9.[119,192,1925,1946]" captionTargetBox="[103,1494,235,1871]" captionTargetId="figure-2@9.[103,1494,235,1871]" captionTargetPageId="9" captionText="Figure 2 Eulohmannia ribagai(Berlese), adult, SEM images: A – lateral view; B – closeup of posterior proterosoma; C – dorsal view; D – frontal view (black arrow to narrow solid rostral rim); E – sejugal region, dorsal view. Scale bars 100 µm (A, C); 20 µm (B, D, E)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7945666" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7945666/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="995">Figs 2E</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="5FCCAED08D00F637FD49B7F0FD77F924" box="[729,762,1715,1739]" captionStart="Figure 5" captionStartId="13.[119,192,1831,1852]" captionTargetBox="[103,1494,284,1777]" captionTargetId="figure-2@13.[103,1494,284,1777]" captionTargetPageId="13" captionText="Figure 5 Eulohmannia ribagai(Berlese): A – larval bothridium, dorsomedial view (only one of two saccules visible); B – deutonymph, bothridial saccules; C – adult, bothridium, dorsomedial view; D – adult, rostral tectum, sagittal view; E –sejugal articulation of extended specimen, dorsal midline (sagittal section), anterior to right; F – same, but contracted specimen; G – as in E, but ventral midline; H – bothridial region, dorsolateral view. Scale bars 10 µm (H); 5 µm (A-G)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7945674" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7945674/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="995">5H</figureCitation>
) but on the ventral surface in the adult (not juveniles) the anterior part usually has elongated parallel ridges (
<figureCitation id="5FCCAED08D00F637FC5FB796FBA4F902" box="[975,1065,1749,1773]" captionStart="Figure 8" captionStartId="18.[119,192,1897,1918]" captionTargetBox="[118,1479,221,1843]" captionTargetId="figure-2@18.[118,1479,221,1843]" captionTargetPageId="18" captionText="Figure 8 Eulohmannia ribagai(Berlese): A – larva, region of right leg II insertion, ventral view, showing Claparède’s organ (insert = closeup of protective scale, seta 1c); B – adult, ventrosejugal region; C – adult, podosomal region, ventral view (uncleared specimen in glycerine * = extrinsic leg III muscle inserting onap.sj); D – insertions of legs I, II, ventrolateral view, showing declivity bordered by ridger2 (* = articulation of trochanter); E – cleared adult, cross section at level of apodeme 1, anterior view; F – same, at level of apodeme 2, posterior view; G – supracoxal seta eI of two different adults from New York; H – same, from eastern Canada (top Nova Scotia, bottom New Brunswick with one broken tine); I – same, from northwestern North America (from top: Alberta, two examples from Northwest Territories, Alaska); J – same, from Palaearctic populations (from top: two examples from Sweden, Germany (tritonymph), Khabarovsk). Scale bars 20 µm (C-F); 10 µm (A, B); 5 µm (G-J, to same scale)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7945680" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7945680/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="995">Fig. 8B</figureCitation>
). The rostral tectum is well-developed in all instars, with a distinct rostrophragma
<emphasis id="F5836E478D00F637FC3DB7BBFC5FF8FF" box="[941,978,1784,1808]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="995">rph</emphasis>
(;
<figureCitation id="5FCCAED08D00F637FC71B7BBFBCDF8FF" box="[993,1088,1784,1808]" captionStart="Figure 5" captionStartId="13.[119,192,1831,1852]" captionTargetBox="[103,1494,284,1777]" captionTargetId="figure-2@13.[103,1494,284,1777]" captionTargetPageId="13" captionText="Figure 5 Eulohmannia ribagai(Berlese): A – larval bothridium, dorsomedial view (only one of two saccules visible); B – deutonymph, bothridial saccules; C – adult, bothridium, dorsomedial view; D – adult, rostral tectum, sagittal view; E –sejugal articulation of extended specimen, dorsal midline (sagittal section), anterior to right; F – same, but contracted specimen; G – as in E, but ventral midline; H – bothridial region, dorsolateral view. Scale bars 10 µm (H); 5 µm (A-G)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7945674" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7945674/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="995">Fig. 5D</figureCitation>
), but it is relatively short and effaces laterally, leaving the gnathosoma partly exposed. The rostral margin is not extended anteriorly by a distinct limb. A medial mucro
<emphasis id="F5836E478D00F637FC11B67DFC2DF8BA" box="[897,928,1854,1877]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="995">mu</emphasis>
() is present in all instars, which can appear like a rounded lobe when seen obliquely. Seen flat, the projection forms a small equilateral triangle in the larva and a more elongated mucro—set off by a pair of shallow notches—in nymphs and adult (
<figureCitation id="5FCCAED08D00F637FDA7B6E7FD18F853" box="[567,661,1956,1980]" captionStart="Figure 2" captionStartId="9.[119,192,1925,1946]" captionTargetBox="[103,1494,235,1871]" captionTargetId="figure-2@9.[103,1494,235,1871]" captionTargetPageId="9" captionText="Figure 2 Eulohmannia ribagai(Berlese), adult, SEM images: A – lateral view; B – closeup of posterior proterosoma; C – dorsal view; D – frontal view (black arrow to narrow solid rostral rim); E – sejugal region, dorsal view. Scale bars 100 µm (A, C); 20 µm (B, D, E)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7945666" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7945666/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="995">Fig. 2D</figureCitation>
). Otherwise, the rostral margin is nearly smooth or weakly scalloped. In the adult, a narrow, solid marginal band lacks the reticulate pattern (
<figureCitation id="5FCCAED08D00F637FB21B684FA84F830" box="[1201,1289,1991,2015]" captionStart="Figure 2" captionStartId="9.[119,192,1925,1946]" captionTargetBox="[103,1494,235,1871]" captionTargetId="figure-2@9.[103,1494,235,1871]" captionTargetPageId="9" captionText="Figure 2 Eulohmannia ribagai(Berlese), adult, SEM images: A – lateral view; B – closeup of posterior proterosoma; C – dorsal view; D – frontal view (black arrow to narrow solid rostral rim); E – sejugal region, dorsal view. Scale bars 100 µm (A, C); 20 µm (B, D, E)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7945666" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7945666/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="995">Fig. 2D</figureCitation>
, black arrow); on each side it meets a raised carina
<emphasis id="F5836E478D0DF63AFCB6B1A6FCC1FF12" box="[806,844,229,253]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="998">pdc</emphasis>
(), which runs posteriorly, effacing below seta
<emphasis id="F5836E478D0DF63AFAAAB1A5FAD2FF12" box="[1338,1375,230,253]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="998">exp</emphasis>
(
<figureCitation id="5FCCAED08D0DF63AFAFFB1A6FA45FF12" box="[1391,1480,229,253]" captionStart="Figure 2" captionStartId="9.[119,192,1925,1946]" captionTargetBox="[103,1494,235,1871]" captionTargetId="figure-2@9.[103,1494,235,1871]" captionTargetPageId="9" captionText="Figure 2 Eulohmannia ribagai(Berlese), adult, SEM images: A – lateral view; B – closeup of posterior proterosoma; C – dorsal view; D – frontal view (black arrow to narrow solid rostral rim); E – sejugal region, dorsal view. Scale bars 100 µm (A, C); 20 µm (B, D, E)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7945666" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7945666/files/figure.png" pageId="10" pageNumber="998">Figs 2B</figureCitation>
,
</paragraph>
<caption id="9388E2DD8D0FF638FFE7B6C9FC71F815" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7945664" ID-Zenodo-Dep="7945664" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7945664/files/figure.png" pageId="8" pageNumber="996" startId="8.[119,192,1930,1951]" targetBox="[103,1494,221,1877]" targetPageId="8" targetType="figure">
<paragraph id="C748B2558D0FF638FFE7B6C9FC71F815" blockId="8.[118,1523,1930,2042]" pageId="8" pageNumber="996">
<emphasis id="F5836E478D0FF638FFE7B6C9FF5FF870" bold="true" box="[119,210,1930,1951]" pageId="8" pageNumber="996">Figure 1</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="00F7C9D68D0FF638FF49B6C9FD84F84F" authority="(Berlese)" baseAuthorityName="Berlese" baseAuthorityYear="1910" box="[217,521,1930,1952]" class="Arachnida" family="Eulohmanniidae" genus="Eulohmannia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Sarcoptiformes" pageId="8" pageNumber="996" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="ribagai">
<emphasis id="F5836E478D0FF638FF49B6C9FE20F84F" box="[217,429,1930,1952]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="996">Eulohmannia ribagai</emphasis>
(Berlese)
</taxonomicName>
: A – larva, lateral view, epi-illumination; B – tritonymph, same; C – living adult, stereomicroscope (arrow to cervical collar); D – gravid female, with single egg (provenance uncertain, photo D.E. Walter); E – tritonymph, lateral view of gastronotum contour, with epicuticle separated by clearing; F – same, closeup optical section in polarized light; G – adult, notogastral cuticle at edge of sagittal section; H – tritonymph, right gastronotic setae
<emphasis id="F5836E478D0FF638FD6BB68CFC8BF80B" box="[763,774,1999,2020]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="996">c</emphasis>
<subScript id="5B73B0108D0FF638FC95B69AFC80F808" attach="left" box="[773,781,2009,2023]" fontSize="6" pageId="8" pageNumber="996">1</subScript>
,
<emphasis id="F5836E478D0FF638FC8CB68CFCAAF80B" box="[796,807,1999,2020]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="996">c</emphasis>
<subScript id="5B73B0108D0FF638FCB6B69AFCA6F808" attach="left" box="[806,811,2009,2023]" fontSize="6" pageId="8" pageNumber="996">2</subScript>
and lyrifissure
<emphasis id="F5836E478D0FF638FC58B68CFC56F80B" box="[968,987,1999,2020]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="996">ia</emphasis>
(lower left insert =
<emphasis id="F5836E478D0FF638FB0EB68CFB3BF80B" box="[1182,1206,1999,2020]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="996">im</emphasis>
from adult, right =
<emphasis id="F5836E478D0FF638FAE8B68CFA1DF80B" box="[1400,1424,1999,2020]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="996">im</emphasis>
from deutonymph, showing canal). Scale bars 100 µm (A-D); 20 µm (E); 10 µm (H); 2 µm (F, G).
</paragraph>
</caption>
<caption id="9388E2DD8D0EF639FFE7B6C6FAE2F85E" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7945666" ID-Zenodo-Dep="7945666" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7945666/files/figure.png" pageId="9" pageNumber="997" startId="9.[119,192,1925,1946]" targetBox="[103,1494,235,1871]" targetPageId="9" targetType="figure">
<paragraph id="C748B2558D0EF639FFE7B6C6FAE2F85E" blockId="9.[119,1496,1925,1969]" pageId="9" pageNumber="997">
<emphasis id="F5836E478D0EF639FFE7B6C6FF5FF875" bold="true" box="[119,210,1925,1946]" pageId="9" pageNumber="997">Figure 2</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="00F7C9D68D0EF639FF4BB6C6FD87F874" authority="(Berlese)" baseAuthorityName="Berlese" baseAuthorityYear="1910" box="[219,522,1925,1947]" class="Arachnida" family="Eulohmanniidae" genus="Eulohmannia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Sarcoptiformes" pageId="9" pageNumber="997" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="ribagai">
<emphasis id="F5836E478D0EF639FF4BB6C6FE3DF874" box="[219,432,1925,1947]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="997">Eulohmannia ribagai</emphasis>
(Berlese)
</taxonomicName>
, adult, SEM images: A – lateral view; B – closeup of posterior proterosoma; C – dorsal view; D – frontal view (black arrow to narrow solid rostral rim); E – sejugal region, dorsal view. Scale bars 100 µm (A, C); 20 µm (B, D, E).
</paragraph>
</caption>
<paragraph id="C748B2558D0DF63AFE7BB04BFD91FECF" blockId="10.[491,1542,229,2045]" box="[491,540,264,288]" pageId="10" pageNumber="998">
<figureCitation id="5FCCAED08D0DF63AFE7BB04BFD82FECF" box="[491,527,264,288]" captionStart="Figure 5" captionStartId="13.[119,192,1831,1852]" captionTargetBox="[103,1494,284,1777]" captionTargetId="figure-2@13.[103,1494,284,1777]" captionTargetPageId="13" captionText="Figure 5 Eulohmannia ribagai(Berlese): A – larval bothridium, dorsomedial view (only one of two saccules visible); B – deutonymph, bothridial saccules; C – adult, bothridium, dorsomedial view; D – adult, rostral tectum, sagittal view; E –sejugal articulation of extended specimen, dorsal midline (sagittal section), anterior to right; F – same, but contracted specimen; G – as in E, but ventral midline; H – bothridial region, dorsolateral view. Scale bars 10 µm (H); 5 µm (A-G)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7945674" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7945674/files/figure.png" pageId="10" pageNumber="998">5H</figureCitation>
).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="C748B2558D0DF63AFD83B069FA51FE68" blockId="10.[491,1542,229,2045]" pageId="10" pageNumber="998">
Prodorsal setae are similar in all instars (
<figureCitation id="5FCCAED08D0DF63AFC5EB069FBA4FEAD" box="[974,1065,298,322]" captionStart="Figure 3" captionStartId="11.[119,192,1988,2009]" captionTargetBox="[114,1483,236,1924]" captionTargetId="figure-2@11.[103,1494,221,1934]" captionTargetPageId="11" captionText="Figure 3 Eulohmannia ribagai(Berlese), larva (appendages incompletely shown): A – dorsal view B – posterior view of hysterosoma; C – ventral view; D – lateral view. Scale bar 100 µm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7945668" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7945668/files/figure.png" pageId="10" pageNumber="998">Figs 3A</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="5FCCAED08D0DF63AFBA4B069FBDAFEAD" box="[1076,1111,298,322]" captionStart="Figure 4" captionStartId="12.[119,192,1875,1896]" captionTargetBox="[106,1479,282,1811]" captionTargetId="figure-2@12.[103,1494,262,1822]" captionTargetPageId="12" captionText="Figure 4 Eulohmannia ribagai(Berlese), nymphs (appendages incompletely shown): A – protonymph, ventral view (prodorsum incomplete); B – deutonymph, ventral view of hysterosoma; C – tritonymph, dorsal view; D – tritonymph, ventral view; E – tritonymph, partial dorsal view of gastronotum showing artifactual transverse crease (see text, R3). Scale bars 100 µm: A, B to same scale, C-E to same scale." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7945672" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7945672/files/figure.png" pageId="10" pageNumber="998">4C</figureCitation>
). Except for the bothridial seta they are simple, smooth (or nearly so) and attenuate. Setae
<emphasis id="F5836E478D0DF63AFBABB00DFBEDFE8A" box="[1083,1120,334,357]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="998">exp</emphasis>
and
<emphasis id="F5836E478D0DF63AFB06B00EFB24FE8A" box="[1174,1193,333,357]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="998">le</emphasis>
are smallest,
<emphasis id="F5836E478D0DF63AFAAFB00DFAD9FE8A" box="[1343,1364,334,357]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="998">in</emphasis>
is longest, and
<emphasis id="F5836E478D0DF63AFD89B033FDB3FE68" box="[537,574,368,391]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="998">exa</emphasis>
and
<emphasis id="F5836E478D0DF63AFDE3B033FD07FE68" box="[627,650,368,391]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="998">ro</emphasis>
are intermediate in length (
<tableCitation id="8A7587EE8D0DF63AFC51B02CFB98FE68" box="[961,1045,367,391]" captionStart="Table 1" captionStartId="16.[119,178,1358,1379]" captionText="Table 1 Length (in µm) of body setae in New York population ofEulohmannia ribagai(Berlese, 1910) during ontogeny (data from 2–4 individuals of each instar)." pageId="10" pageNumber="998">Table 1</tableCitation>
). Pair
<emphasis id="F5836E478D0DF63AFBC0B033FBEAFE68" box="[1104,1127,368,391]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="998">ro</emphasis>
are nearly adjacent, separated by
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="C748B2558D0DF63AFE7BB0D1FB59FE00" blockId="10.[491,1542,229,2045]" pageId="10" pageNumber="998">
2-3 alveolar diameters, and insert immediately behind the medial mucro (
<figureCitation id="5FCCAED08D0DF63AFAB7B0D1FA08FE45" box="[1319,1413,402,426]" captionStart="Figure 2" captionStartId="9.[119,192,1925,1946]" captionTargetBox="[103,1494,235,1871]" captionTargetId="figure-2@9.[103,1494,235,1871]" captionTargetPageId="9" captionText="Figure 2 Eulohmannia ribagai(Berlese), adult, SEM images: A – lateral view; B – closeup of posterior proterosoma; C – dorsal view; D – frontal view (black arrow to narrow solid rostral rim); E – sejugal region, dorsal view. Scale bars 100 µm (A, C); 20 µm (B, D, E)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7945666" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7945666/files/figure.png" pageId="10" pageNumber="998">Fig. 2D</figureCitation>
). Pair
<emphasis id="F5836E478D0DF63AFA3CB0D1FA32FE45" box="[1452,1471,402,426]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="998">le</emphasis>
are distinctly shorter than their mutual distance in all our material. Seta
<emphasis id="F5836E478D0DF63AFB63B0F6FA95FE23" box="[1267,1304,437,460]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="998">exa</emphasis>
has a consistent, unusual position anterior to and well removed from the bothridium.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="C748B2558D0DF63AFD83B0B9FC52FC85" blockId="10.[491,1542,229,2045]" pageId="10" pageNumber="998">
In all instars the bothridial seta
<emphasis id="F5836E478D0DF63AFCE3B0BAFC06FDFE" box="[883,907,505,529]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="998">bs</emphasis>
() arches dorsolaterally, then curves ventrad; it is thin, distally attenuate, and conspicuously pectinate on the outer curvature, with 11 to 13 long dorsal tines (alternate tines slightly divergent), and often with minute barbs in a separate row closer to the inner curvature; the basal quarter to third may appear glabrous but often has similar minute, inconspicuous barbs. The bothridium opens on a low elevation and has a slightly raised rim (
<figureCitation id="5FCCAED08D0DF63AFDB0B3E6FDF4FD52" box="[544,633,677,701]" captionStart="Figure 2" captionStartId="9.[119,192,1925,1946]" captionTargetBox="[103,1494,235,1871]" captionTargetId="figure-2@9.[103,1494,235,1871]" captionTargetPageId="9" captionText="Figure 2 Eulohmannia ribagai(Berlese), adult, SEM images: A – lateral view; B – closeup of posterior proterosoma; C – dorsal view; D – frontal view (black arrow to narrow solid rostral rim); E – sejugal region, dorsal view. Scale bars 100 µm (A, C); 20 µm (B, D, E)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7945666" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7945666/files/figure.png" pageId="10" pageNumber="998">Fig. 2E</figureCitation>
); there are two internalized chambers in the larva and three in nymphs and adult (
<figureCitation id="5FCCAED08D0DF63AFE63B38BFDFCFD0F" box="[499,625,712,736]" captionStart="Figure 5" captionStartId="13.[119,192,1831,1852]" captionTargetBox="[103,1494,284,1777]" captionTargetId="figure-2@13.[103,1494,284,1777]" captionTargetPageId="13" captionText="Figure 5 Eulohmannia ribagai(Berlese): A – larval bothridium, dorsomedial view (only one of two saccules visible); B – deutonymph, bothridial saccules; C – adult, bothridium, dorsomedial view; D – adult, rostral tectum, sagittal view; E –sejugal articulation of extended specimen, dorsal midline (sagittal section), anterior to right; F – same, but contracted specimen; G – as in E, but ventral midline; H – bothridial region, dorsolateral view. Scale bars 10 µm (H); 5 µm (A-G)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7945674" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7945674/files/figure.png" pageId="10" pageNumber="998">Fig. 5A, C</figureCitation>
), with at least the most internal chamber having several distinct raised rings. As described in detail by
<bibRefCitation id="A366CFA48D0DF63AFD7BB3A9FC27FCED" author="Grandjean F." box="[747,938,746,770]" pageId="10" pageNumber="998" pagination="110 - 117" refId="ref49685" refString="Grandjean F. 1939 b. Observations sur les Oribates (11 e serie). Bull. Mus. nat. Hist. natur. (2), 11: 110 - 117." type="journal article" year="1939">Grandjean (1939b)</bibRefCitation>
there are two porose saccules that invaginate from the bothridial wall in the narrow, curved region between the inner chamber and the setal insertion (R2). In the larva and nymphs, the two saccules are similar (
<figureCitation id="5FCCAED08D0DF63AFB1BB26CFB64FCA8" box="[1163,1257,815,839]" captionStart="Figure 5" captionStartId="13.[119,192,1831,1852]" captionTargetBox="[103,1494,284,1777]" captionTargetId="figure-2@13.[103,1494,284,1777]" captionTargetPageId="13" captionText="Figure 5 Eulohmannia ribagai(Berlese): A – larval bothridium, dorsomedial view (only one of two saccules visible); B – deutonymph, bothridial saccules; C – adult, bothridium, dorsomedial view; D – adult, rostral tectum, sagittal view; E –sejugal articulation of extended specimen, dorsal midline (sagittal section), anterior to right; F – same, but contracted specimen; G – as in E, but ventral midline; H – bothridial region, dorsolateral view. Scale bars 10 µm (H); 5 µm (A-G)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7945674" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7945674/files/figure.png" pageId="10" pageNumber="998">Fig. 5B</figureCitation>
), but in the adult one saccule is elongated and flattened (
<figureCitation id="5FCCAED08D0DF63AFCE8B211FC5FFC85" box="[888,978,850,874]" captionStart="Figure 5" captionStartId="13.[119,192,1831,1852]" captionTargetBox="[103,1494,284,1777]" captionTargetId="figure-2@13.[103,1494,284,1777]" captionTargetPageId="13" captionText="Figure 5 Eulohmannia ribagai(Berlese): A – larval bothridium, dorsomedial view (only one of two saccules visible); B – deutonymph, bothridial saccules; C – adult, bothridium, dorsomedial view; D – adult, rostral tectum, sagittal view; E –sejugal articulation of extended specimen, dorsal midline (sagittal section), anterior to right; F – same, but contracted specimen; G – as in E, but ventral midline; H – bothridial region, dorsolateral view. Scale bars 10 µm (H); 5 µm (A-G)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7945674" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7945674/files/figure.png" pageId="10" pageNumber="998">Fig. 5C</figureCitation>
).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="C748B2558D0DF63AFD83B236FCC3FB4F" blockId="10.[491,1542,229,2045]" pageId="10" pageNumber="998">
<emphasis id="F5836E478D0DF63AFD83B236FD5EFC62" bold="true" box="[531,723,885,909]" pageId="10" pageNumber="998">Digestive system</emphasis>
(
<figureCitation id="5FCCAED08D0DF63AFD4FB237FCA4FC63" box="[735,809,884,908]" captionStart="Figure 6" captionStartId="14.[119,192,1930,1951]" captionTargetBox="[103,1494,221,1877]" captionTargetId="figure-2@14.[103,1494,221,1877]" captionTargetPageId="14" captionText="Figure 6 Eulohmannia ribagai(Berlese), uncleared specimens in glycerine: A – deutonymph, lateral view (musclem.pdv out of focus); B – adult hysterosoma, dorsal view, showing major organs; C – same, lateral view (one fascicle of musclem.pdv out of focus); D – as in C, closeup of humeral region; E – adult, anterior hysterosoma, showing some proterosomal retractor muscles. Scale bars 50 µm (A-C, E); 20 µm (D)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7945676" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7945676/files/figure.png" pageId="10" pageNumber="998">Fig. 6</figureCitation>
) — The structure of the gastrointestinal tracts was studied only superficially, in glycerine preparations of uncleared specimens, but its general structure does not appear to vary during ontogeny. The esophagus leads to a barrel-like, thick-walled ventriculus (
<emphasis id="F5836E478D0DF63AFE63B29EFD95FC1B" box="[499,536,989,1012]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="998">ven</emphasis>
). From the posterolateral region of the ventriculus arise a pair of conspicuous, egg- to sausage-shaped midgut caeca
<emphasis id="F5836E478D0DF63AFCA5B2BCFCD7FBF9" box="[821,858,1023,1046]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="998">cae</emphasis>
() that occupy much of the lateral region of the hysterosoma posterior to the ventriculus; like the hysterosoma in general, their proportions change during ontogeny, from about twice as long as wide in the larva to about three times in the adult. The ventriculus opens posteriorly to a tubular colon (
<emphasis id="F5836E478D0DF63AFC62B526FB9FFB92" box="[1010,1042,1125,1149]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="998">cln</emphasis>
) that is separated by a constriction from a similarly shaped postcolon (
<emphasis id="F5836E478D0DF63AFC88B5CAFCB3FB4F" box="[792,830,1161,1184]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="998">pco</emphasis>
).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="C748B2558D0DF63AFD83B5E8FADAFAA3" blockId="10.[491,1542,229,2045]" pageId="10" pageNumber="998">
<emphasis id="F5836E478D0DF63AFD83B5E8FC9FFB2C" bold="true" box="[531,786,1195,1219]" pageId="10" pageNumber="998">Hysterosomal dorsum</emphasis>
(
<figureCitation id="5FCCAED08D0DF63AFCB0B5E9FCF3FB2D" box="[800,894,1194,1218]" captionStart-0="Figure 2" captionStart-1="Figure 3" captionStart-2="Figure 4" captionStartId-0="9.[119,192,1925,1946]" captionStartId-1="11.[119,192,1988,2009]" captionStartId-2="12.[119,192,1875,1896]" captionTargetBox-0="[103,1494,235,1871]" captionTargetBox-1="[114,1483,236,1924]" captionTargetBox-2="[106,1479,282,1811]" captionTargetId-0="figure-2@9.[103,1494,235,1871]" captionTargetId-1="figure-2@11.[103,1494,221,1934]" captionTargetId-2="figure-2@12.[103,1494,262,1822]" captionTargetPageId-0="9" captionTargetPageId-1="11" captionTargetPageId-2="12" captionText-0="Figure 2 Eulohmannia ribagai(Berlese), adult, SEM images: A – lateral view; B – closeup of posterior proterosoma; C – dorsal view; D – frontal view (black arrow to narrow solid rostral rim); E – sejugal region, dorsal view. Scale bars 100 µm (A, C); 20 µm (B, D, E)." captionText-1="Figure 3 Eulohmannia ribagai(Berlese), larva (appendages incompletely shown): A – dorsal view B – posterior view of hysterosoma; C – ventral view; D – lateral view. Scale bar 100 µm." captionText-2="Figure 4 Eulohmannia ribagai(Berlese), nymphs (appendages incompletely shown): A – protonymph, ventral view (prodorsum incomplete); B – deutonymph, ventral view of hysterosoma; C – tritonymph, dorsal view; D – tritonymph, ventral view; E – tritonymph, partial dorsal view of gastronotum showing artifactual transverse crease (see text, R3). Scale bars 100 µm: A, B to same scale, C-E to same scale." figureDoi-0="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7945666" figureDoi-1="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7945668" figureDoi-2="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7945672" httpUri-0="https://zenodo.org/record/7945666/files/figure.png" httpUri-1="https://zenodo.org/record/7945668/files/figure.png" httpUri-2="https://zenodo.org/record/7945672/files/figure.png" pageId="10" pageNumber="998">Figs 2-4</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="5FCCAED08D0DF63AFC1BB5E8FC18FB2D" box="[907,917,1195,1218]" captionStart="Figure 7" captionStartId="15.[119,192,1930,1951]" captionTargetBox="[103,1494,221,1877]" captionTargetId="figure-2@15.[103,1494,221,1877]" captionTargetPageId="15" captionText="Figure 7 Eulohmannia ribagai(Berlese): A – seta c1 of larva; B – seta c1 of adult; C – adult, metapodosomal region, lateral view of cleared specimen; D – same, closeup of leg IV region; E – same, surface closeup of leg III region; F – same as E, but deeper focus to show apodemes; G – left sejugal apodeme and apodeme III, dorsal view; H – adult, ventral aspect, region near leg IV insertion (specimen from Alberta). Scale bars 20 µm (C, H); 10 µm (A, B, D-G)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7945678" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7945678/files/figure.png" pageId="10" pageNumber="998">7</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="5FCCAED08D0DF63AFC32B5E9FC21FB2D" box="[930,940,1194,1218]" captionStart="Figure 9" captionStartId="20.[119,192,1930,1951]" captionTargetBox="[103,1494,221,1877]" captionTargetId="figure-2@20.[103,1494,221,1877]" captionTargetPageId="20" captionText="Figure 9 Eulohmannia ribagai(Berlese): A – genital region of female, ventral view (focused inside genital vestibule; white arrow on soft cuticle partially isolating part of aggenital sclerite); B – tritonymph, insertions of tendons from two fascicles of posterior dorsoventral muscle (separate insertions at top, partly attached insertions at bottom); C – posterior half of hysterosoma, ventrolateral view, showing two fascicles of posterior dorsoventral muscles (adult female from China); D – male spermatopositor (specimen from NW Territories, Canada); E – sagittal view of female genital region in polarized light, showing ovipositor (setaeτ3, τ4 out of focus) and layered articulating cuticle between genital and anal plates; F – ovipositor, unpaired ventral lobe seenen face. Scale bars 20 µm (C); 10 µm (A, B); 5 µm (D-F)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7945682" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7945682/files/figure.png" pageId="10" pageNumber="998">9</figureCitation>
) — In juveniles, the gastronotum is not clearly circumscribed from the ventral regions; the reticulated cuticular pattern continues around the circumference of the mite between the level of the legs and the paraproctal region, broken in nymphs only by the genital valves. Depending on treatment, the gastronotum of some juveniles may show a transverse crease at mid-length, but this is an artifact (
<figureCitation id="5FCCAED08D0DF63AFB58B477FAACFAA3" box="[1224,1313,1332,1356]" captionStart="Figure 4" captionStartId="12.[119,192,1875,1896]" captionTargetBox="[106,1479,282,1811]" captionTargetId="figure-2@12.[103,1494,262,1822]" captionTargetPageId="12" captionText="Figure 4 Eulohmannia ribagai(Berlese), nymphs (appendages incompletely shown): A – protonymph, ventral view (prodorsum incomplete); B – deutonymph, ventral view of hysterosoma; C – tritonymph, dorsal view; D – tritonymph, ventral view; E – tritonymph, partial dorsal view of gastronotum showing artifactual transverse crease (see text, R3). Scale bars 100 µm: A, B to same scale, C-E to same scale." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7945672" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7945672/files/figure.png" pageId="10" pageNumber="998">Fig. 4E</figureCitation>
; R3).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="C748B2558D0DF63AFD83B414FCD7F96D" blockId="10.[491,1542,229,2045]" pageId="10" pageNumber="998">
A notogaster becomes defined in the adult with the appearance of two paired articulations. Using
<bibRefCitation id="A366CFA48D0DF63AFDA8B43AFC95FA7E" author="Grandjean F." box="[568,792,1401,1425]" pageId="10" pageNumber="998" pagination="282 - 289" refId="ref50505" refString="Grandjean F. 1956 b. Observations sur les Oribates (35 e serie). Bull. Mus. nat. Hist. natur. (2), 28: 282 - 289." type="journal article" year="1956">Grandjean’s (1956b)</bibRefCitation>
terminology and notations, one is band
<emphasis id="F5836E478D0DF63AFB50B439FB56FA7E" box="[1216,1243,1402,1425]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="998">na</emphasis>
, a substantial, weakly curved plicature band of flexible cuticle separating the notogaster
<emphasis id="F5836E478D0DF63AFB52B4DFFB6AFA5C" box="[1218,1255,1436,1459]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="998">NG</emphasis>
() from the aggenital region (
<emphasis id="F5836E478D0DF63AFDD0B4FDFDEEFA39" box="[576,611,1470,1494]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="998">AG</emphasis>
) of the uniform hysterosomal venter (
<figureCitation id="5FCCAED08D0DF63AFB96B4FDFBECFA39" box="[1030,1121,1470,1494]" captionStart="Figure 7" captionStartId="15.[119,192,1930,1951]" captionTargetBox="[103,1494,221,1877]" captionTargetId="figure-2@15.[103,1494,221,1877]" captionTargetPageId="15" captionText="Figure 7 Eulohmannia ribagai(Berlese): A – seta c1 of larva; B – seta c1 of adult; C – adult, metapodosomal region, lateral view of cleared specimen; D – same, closeup of leg IV region; E – same, surface closeup of leg III region; F – same as E, but deeper focus to show apodemes; G – left sejugal apodeme and apodeme III, dorsal view; H – adult, ventral aspect, region near leg IV insertion (specimen from Alberta). Scale bars 20 µm (C, H); 10 µm (A, B, D-G)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7945678" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7945678/files/figure.png" pageId="10" pageNumber="998">Fig. 7H</figureCitation>
); it runs posteriorly from near the insertion of leg IV to merge with the similarly curved ventral plicature band
<emphasis id="F5836E478D0DF63AFAB5B4A3FAC6FA17" box="[1317,1355,1504,1528]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="998">bpv</emphasis>
() articulating the notogaster and adanal plates (
<figureCitation id="5FCCAED08D0DF63AFCCFB740FC3BF9F4" box="[863,950,1539,1563]" captionStart="Figure 9" captionStartId="20.[119,192,1930,1951]" captionTargetBox="[103,1494,221,1877]" captionTargetId="figure-2@20.[103,1494,221,1877]" captionTargetPageId="20" captionText="Figure 9 Eulohmannia ribagai(Berlese): A – genital region of female, ventral view (focused inside genital vestibule; white arrow on soft cuticle partially isolating part of aggenital sclerite); B – tritonymph, insertions of tendons from two fascicles of posterior dorsoventral muscle (separate insertions at top, partly attached insertions at bottom); C – posterior half of hysterosoma, ventrolateral view, showing two fascicles of posterior dorsoventral muscles (adult female from China); D – male spermatopositor (specimen from NW Territories, Canada); E – sagittal view of female genital region in polarized light, showing ovipositor (setaeτ3, τ4 out of focus) and layered articulating cuticle between genital and anal plates; F – ovipositor, unpaired ventral lobe seenen face. Scale bars 20 µm (C); 10 µm (A, B); 5 µm (D-F)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7945682" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7945682/files/figure.png" pageId="10" pageNumber="998">Fig. 9A</figureCitation>
). The effect is to create an obtuse angle at the meeting of these curves such that the notogaster projects slightly into the space between genital and adanal plates from each side. This unusual form has been the source of incorrect observations and confusing terminology (R4).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="C748B2558D0DF620FD83B7CEFA6EFF12" blockId="10.[491,1542,229,2045]" lastBlockId="16.[491,1547,229,1283]" lastPageId="16" lastPageNumber="1004" pageId="10" pageNumber="998">
The second, anterior articulation (
<figureCitation id="5FCCAED08D0DF63AFC18B7CEFC53F94A" box="[904,990,1677,1701]" captionStart="Figure 7" captionStartId="15.[119,192,1930,1951]" captionTargetBox="[103,1494,221,1877]" captionTargetId="figure-2@15.[103,1494,221,1877]" captionTargetPageId="15" captionText="Figure 7 Eulohmannia ribagai(Berlese): A – seta c1 of larva; B – seta c1 of adult; C – adult, metapodosomal region, lateral view of cleared specimen; D – same, closeup of leg IV region; E – same, surface closeup of leg III region; F – same as E, but deeper focus to show apodemes; G – left sejugal apodeme and apodeme III, dorsal view; H – adult, ventral aspect, region near leg IV insertion (specimen from Alberta). Scale bars 20 µm (C, H); 10 µm (A, B, D-G)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7945678" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7945678/files/figure.png" pageId="10" pageNumber="998">Fig. 7C</figureCitation>
;
<emphasis id="F5836E478D0DF63AFC72B7CDFB8AF94A" box="[994,1031,1678,1701]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="998">ncx</emphasis>
) delimits the notogaster from the coxisternum; it is a very narrow, inconspicuous lateral scissure that probably allows only slight flexing. Scissure
<emphasis id="F5836E478D0DF63AFDDAB790FDE2F905" box="[586,623,1747,1770]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="998">ncx</emphasis>
begins at the sejugal articulation in the humeral region, where it marks a change in the nature of that articulation: dorsal to
<emphasis id="F5836E478D0DF63AFC06B7B6FC36F8E3" box="[918,955,1781,1804]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="998">ncx</emphasis>
the notogastral margin bears a narrow but distinct tectum in adults (
<emphasis id="F5836E478D0DF63AFD39B65BFD46F8C0" box="[681,715,1816,1839]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="998">ngt</emphasis>
;
<figureCitation id="5FCCAED08D0DF63AFD4BB654FCDEF8C0" box="[731,851,1815,1839]" captionStart="Figure 5" captionStartId="13.[119,192,1831,1852]" captionTargetBox="[103,1494,284,1777]" captionTargetId="figure-2@13.[103,1494,284,1777]" captionTargetPageId="13" captionText="Figure 5 Eulohmannia ribagai(Berlese): A – larval bothridium, dorsomedial view (only one of two saccules visible); B – deutonymph, bothridial saccules; C – adult, bothridium, dorsomedial view; D – adult, rostral tectum, sagittal view; E –sejugal articulation of extended specimen, dorsal midline (sagittal section), anterior to right; F – same, but contracted specimen; G – as in E, but ventral midline; H – bothridial region, dorsolateral view. Scale bars 10 µm (H); 5 µm (A-G)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7945674" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7945674/files/figure.png" pageId="10" pageNumber="998">Fig. 5E, F</figureCitation>
)—only weakly defined on the juvenile gastronotum—that overhangs the cervical collar when the mite is fully contracted, while ventral to
<emphasis id="F5836E478D0DF63AFAAFB679FAE9F8BE" box="[1343,1380,1850,1873]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="998">ncx</emphasis>
no tectum exists (
<figureCitation id="5FCCAED08D0DF63AFDA4B61FFD19F89B" box="[564,660,1884,1908]" captionStart="Figure 5" captionStartId="13.[119,192,1831,1852]" captionTargetBox="[103,1494,284,1777]" captionTargetId="figure-2@13.[103,1494,284,1777]" captionTargetPageId="13" captionText="Figure 5 Eulohmannia ribagai(Berlese): A – larval bothridium, dorsomedial view (only one of two saccules visible); B – deutonymph, bothridial saccules; C – adult, bothridium, dorsomedial view; D – adult, rostral tectum, sagittal view; E –sejugal articulation of extended specimen, dorsal midline (sagittal section), anterior to right; F – same, but contracted specimen; G – as in E, but ventral midline; H – bothridial region, dorsolateral view. Scale bars 10 µm (H); 5 µm (A-G)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7945674" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7945674/files/figure.png" pageId="10" pageNumber="998">Fig. 5G</figureCitation>
). The scissure runs posteriorly, passing over the insertion of leg III where it bends ventrad, as if to pass behind leg IV; but it effaces in the vicinity of gland opening
<emphasis id="F5836E478D0DF63AFA1AB63DFA2AF879" box="[1418,1447,1918,1942]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="998">g4</emphasis>
(
<figureCitation id="5FCCAED08D0DF63AFA23B63DFD85F857" captionStart="Figure 7" captionStartId="15.[119,192,1930,1951]" captionTargetBox="[103,1494,221,1877]" captionTargetId="figure-2@15.[103,1494,221,1877]" captionTargetPageId="15" captionText="Figure 7 Eulohmannia ribagai(Berlese): A – seta c1 of larva; B – seta c1 of adult; C – adult, metapodosomal region, lateral view of cleared specimen; D – same, closeup of leg IV region; E – same, surface closeup of leg III region; F – same as E, but deeper focus to show apodemes; G – left sejugal apodeme and apodeme III, dorsal view; H – adult, ventral aspect, region near leg IV insertion (specimen from Alberta). Scale bars 20 µm (C, H); 10 µm (A, B, D-G)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7945678" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7945678/files/figure.png" pageId="10" pageNumber="998">Fig. 7C</figureCitation>
), such that
<emphasis id="F5836E478D0DF63AFD17B6E2FD21F857" box="[647,684,1953,1976]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="998">ncx</emphasis>
and
<emphasis id="F5836E478D0DF63AFD70B6E2FD76F857" box="[736,763,1953,1976]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="998">na</emphasis>
do not meet. In some instances, epicuticular reticulations may align so as to give a false impression of a longer scissure (
<figureCitation id="5FCCAED08D0DF63AFBB1B680FBF4F834" box="[1057,1145,1987,2011]" captionStart="Figure 7" captionStartId="15.[119,192,1930,1951]" captionTargetBox="[103,1494,221,1877]" captionTargetId="figure-2@15.[103,1494,221,1877]" captionTargetPageId="15" captionText="Figure 7 Eulohmannia ribagai(Berlese): A – seta c1 of larva; B – seta c1 of adult; C – adult, metapodosomal region, lateral view of cleared specimen; D – same, closeup of leg IV region; E – same, surface closeup of leg III region; F – same as E, but deeper focus to show apodemes; G – left sejugal apodeme and apodeme III, dorsal view; H – adult, ventral aspect, region near leg IV insertion (specimen from Alberta). Scale bars 20 µm (C, H); 10 µm (A, B, D-G)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7945678" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7945678/files/figure.png" pageId="10" pageNumber="998">Fig. 7D</figureCitation>
), but the notogaster is consistently fused to the coxisternum in the short intervening distance. Based on all adults we examined, regardless of provenance, the statement by
<bibRefCitation id="A366CFA48D17F620FC41B1A6FB12FF12" author="Grandjean F." box="[977,1183,229,253]" pageId="16" pageNumber="1004" pagination="282 - 289" refId="ref50505" refString="Grandjean F. 1956 b. Observations sur les Oribates (35 e serie). Bull. Mus. nat. Hist. natur. (2), 28: 282 - 289." type="journal article" year="1956">Grandjean (1956b)</bibRefCitation>
and implication by Hammen
</paragraph>
<caption id="9388E2DD8D0CF63BFFE7B687FDDFF81F" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7945668" ID-Zenodo-Dep="7945668" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7945668/files/figure.png" pageId="11" pageNumber="999" startId="11.[119,192,1988,2009]" targetBox="[114,1483,236,1924]" targetPageId="11" targetType="figure">
<paragraph id="C748B2558D0CF63BFFE7B687FDDFF81F" blockId="11.[118,1501,1988,2032]" pageId="11" pageNumber="999">
<emphasis id="F5836E478D0CF63BFFE7B687FF5EF836" bold="true" box="[119,211,1988,2009]" pageId="11" pageNumber="999">Figure 3</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="00F7C9D68D0CF63BFF4BB687FD86F835" authority="(Berlese)" baseAuthorityName="Berlese" baseAuthorityYear="1910" box="[219,523,1988,2010]" class="Arachnida" family="Eulohmanniidae" genus="Eulohmannia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Sarcoptiformes" pageId="11" pageNumber="999" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="ribagai">
<emphasis id="F5836E478D0CF63BFF4BB687FE3CF835" box="[219,433,1988,2010]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="999">Eulohmannia ribagai</emphasis>
(Berlese)
</taxonomicName>
, larva (appendages incompletely shown): A – dorsal view B – posterior view of hysterosoma; C – ventral view; D – lateral view. Scale bar 100 µm.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<caption id="9388E2DD8D0BF63CFFE7B610FAB0F879" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7945672" ID-Zenodo-Dep="7945672" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7945672/files/figure.png" pageId="12" pageNumber="1000" startId="12.[119,192,1875,1896]" targetBox="[106,1479,282,1811]" targetPageId="12" targetType="figure">
<paragraph id="C748B2558D0BF63CFFE7B610FAB0F879" blockId="12.[119,1507,1875,1942]" pageId="12" pageNumber="1000">
<emphasis id="F5836E478D0BF63CFFE7B610FF5CF887" bold="true" box="[119,209,1875,1896]" pageId="12" pageNumber="1000">Figure 4</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="00F7C9D68D0BF63CFF47B610FD89F886" authority="(Berlese)" baseAuthorityName="Berlese" baseAuthorityYear="1910" box="[215,516,1875,1897]" class="Arachnida" family="Eulohmanniidae" genus="Eulohmannia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Sarcoptiformes" pageId="12" pageNumber="1000" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="ribagai">
<emphasis id="F5836E478D0BF63CFF47B610FE26F886" box="[215,427,1875,1897]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="1000">Eulohmannia ribagai</emphasis>
(Berlese)
</taxonomicName>
, nymphs (appendages incompletely shown): A – protonymph, ventral view (prodorsum incomplete); B – deutonymph, ventral view of hysterosoma; C – tritonymph, dorsal view; D – tritonymph, ventral view; E – tritonymph, partial dorsal view of gastronotum showing artifactual transverse crease (see text, R3). Scale bars 100 µm: A, B to same scale, C-E to same scale.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<caption id="9388E2DD8D0AF63DFFE7B664FD5FF86F" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7945674" ID-Zenodo-Dep="7945674" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7945674/files/figure.png" pageId="13" pageNumber="1001" startId="13.[119,192,1831,1852]" targetBox="[103,1494,284,1777]" targetPageId="13" targetType="figure">
<paragraph id="C748B2558D0AF63DFFE7B664FD5FF86F" blockId="13.[119,1537,1830,1920]" pageId="13" pageNumber="1001">
<emphasis id="F5836E478D0AF63DFFE7B664FF59F8D3" bold="true" box="[119,212,1831,1852]" pageId="13" pageNumber="1001">Figure 5</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="00F7C9D68D0AF63DFF70B665FD9EF8D3" authority="(Berlese)" baseAuthorityName="Berlese" baseAuthorityYear="1910" box="[224,531,1830,1852]" class="Arachnida" family="Eulohmanniidae" genus="Eulohmannia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Sarcoptiformes" pageId="13" pageNumber="1001" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="ribagai">
<emphasis id="F5836E478D0AF63DFF70B665FE35F8D3" box="[224,440,1830,1852]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="1001">Eulohmannia ribagai</emphasis>
(Berlese)
</taxonomicName>
: A – larval bothridium, dorsomedial view (only one of two saccules visible); B – deutonymph, bothridial saccules; C – adult, bothridium, dorsomedial view; D – adult, rostral tectum, sagittal view; E –sejugal articulation of extended specimen, dorsal midline (sagittal section), anterior to right; F – same, but contracted specimen; G – as in E, but ventral midline; H – bothridial region, dorsolateral view. Scale bars 10 µm (H); 5 µm (A-G).
</paragraph>
</caption>
<caption id="9388E2DD8D09F63EFFE7B6C9FA36F822" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7945676" ID-Zenodo-Dep="7945676" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7945676/files/figure.png" pageId="14" pageNumber="1002" startId="14.[119,192,1930,1951]" targetBox="[103,1494,221,1877]" targetPageId="14" targetType="figure">
<paragraph id="C748B2558D09F63EFFE7B6C9FA36F822" blockId="14.[119,1480,1930,1997]" pageId="14" pageNumber="1002">
<emphasis id="F5836E478D09F63EFFE7B6C9FF5FF870" bold="true" box="[119,210,1930,1951]" pageId="14" pageNumber="1002">Figure 6</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="00F7C9D68D09F63EFF4AB6C9FD84F84F" authority="(Berlese)" baseAuthorityName="Berlese" baseAuthorityYear="1910" box="[218,521,1930,1952]" class="Arachnida" family="Eulohmanniidae" genus="Eulohmannia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Sarcoptiformes" pageId="14" pageNumber="1002" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="ribagai">
<emphasis id="F5836E478D09F63EFF4AB6C9FE23F84F" box="[218,430,1930,1952]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="1002">Eulohmannia ribagai</emphasis>
(Berlese)
</taxonomicName>
, uncleared specimens in glycerine: A – deutonymph, lateral view (muscle
<emphasis id="F5836E478D09F63EFB4CB6C9FA9BF84F" box="[1244,1302,1930,1952]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="1002">m.pdv</emphasis>
out of focus); B – adult hysterosoma, dorsal view, showing major organs; C – same, lateral view (one fascicle of muscle
<emphasis id="F5836E478D09F63EFBD2B6E2FBF1F858" box="[1090,1148,1953,1975]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="1002">m.pdv</emphasis>
out of focus); D – as in C, closeup of humeral region; E – adult, anterior hysterosoma, showing some proterosomal retractor muscles. Scale bars 50 µm (A-C, E); 20 µm (D).
</paragraph>
</caption>
<caption id="9388E2DD8D08F63FFFE7B6C9FE7DF80B" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7945678" ID-Zenodo-Dep="7945678" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7945678/files/figure.png" pageId="15" pageNumber="1003" startId="15.[119,192,1930,1951]" targetBox="[103,1494,221,1877]" targetPageId="15" targetType="figure">
<paragraph id="C748B2558D08F63FFFE7B6C9FE7DF80B" blockId="15.[119,1523,1930,2020]" pageId="15" pageNumber="1003">
<emphasis id="F5836E478D08F63FFFE7B6C9FF5FF870" bold="true" box="[119,210,1930,1951]" pageId="15" pageNumber="1003">Figure 7</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="00F7C9D68D08F63FFF4AB6C9FD84F84F" authority="(Berlese)" baseAuthorityName="Berlese" baseAuthorityYear="1910" box="[218,521,1930,1952]" class="Arachnida" family="Eulohmanniidae" genus="Eulohmannia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Sarcoptiformes" pageId="15" pageNumber="1003" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="ribagai">
<emphasis id="F5836E478D08F63FFF4AB6C9FE20F84F" box="[218,429,1930,1952]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="1003">Eulohmannia ribagai</emphasis>
(Berlese)
</taxonomicName>
: A – seta
<emphasis id="F5836E478D08F63FFDFAB6C8FDF8F84F" box="[618,629,1931,1952]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="1003">c</emphasis>
<subScript id="5B73B0108D08F63FFDE5B6D6FDF0F84C" attach="left" box="[629,637,1941,1955]" fontSize="6" pageId="15" pageNumber="1003">1</subScript>
of larva; B – seta
<emphasis id="F5836E478D08F63FFCA1B6C8FCB1F84F" box="[817,828,1931,1952]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="1003">c</emphasis>
<subScript id="5B73B0108D08F63FFCABB6D6FCCEF84C" attach="left" box="[827,835,1941,1955]" fontSize="6" pageId="15" pageNumber="1003">1</subScript>
of adult; C – adult, metapodosomal region, lateral view of cleared specimen; D – same, closeup of leg IV region; E – same, surface closeup of leg III region; F – same as E, but deeper focus to show apodemes; G – left sejugal apodeme and apodeme III, dorsal view; H – adult, ventral aspect, region near leg IV insertion (specimen from Alberta). Scale bars 20 µm (C, H); 10 µm (A, B, D-G).
</paragraph>
</caption>
<paragraph id="C748B2558D17F620FE7BB04BFAC8FECF" blockId="16.[491,1547,229,1283]" box="[491,1349,264,288]" pageId="16" pageNumber="1004">
(1959), that band
<emphasis id="F5836E478D17F620FD37B04AFD4FFECF" box="[679,706,265,288]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="1004">na</emphasis>
continues anteriorly to the sejugal articulation, is incorrect.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="C748B2558D17F620FD83B069FA43FE8B" blockId="16.[491,1547,229,1283]" pageId="16" pageNumber="1004">
There is no evidence of an opisthonotal gland or its opening
<emphasis id="F5836E478D17F620FB23B069FB58FEAD" box="[1203,1237,298,322]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="1004">gla</emphasis>
() in any specimen we studied. The ontogenetic appearance of lyrifissures follows the usual pattern, with
<emphasis id="F5836E478D17F620FAF7B00EFAF1FE8B" box="[1383,1404,333,356]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="1004">ia</emphasis>
,
<emphasis id="F5836E478D17F620FA1AB00EFA28FE8B" box="[1418,1445,333,356]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="1004">im</emphasis>
,
<emphasis id="F5836E478D17F620FA23B00EFA45FE8B" box="[1459,1480,333,356]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="1004">ip</emphasis>
,
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="C748B2558D17F620FE7BB033FA60FDDC" blockId="16.[491,1547,229,1283]" pageId="16" pageNumber="1004">
<emphasis id="F5836E478D17F620FE7BB033FD87FE68" box="[491,522,368,391]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="1004">ips</emphasis>
and
<emphasis id="F5836E478D17F620FDAEB02CFDD4FE68" box="[574,601,367,391]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="1004">ih</emphasis>
occupying the adult notogaster. Lyrifissures are slit-like in all instars (
<figureCitation id="5FCCAED08D17F620FAC5B02CFA3DFE68" box="[1365,1456,367,391]" captionStart="Figure 1" captionStartId="8.[119,192,1930,1951]" captionTargetBox="[103,1494,221,1877]" captionTargetId="figure-2@8.[103,1494,221,1877]" captionTargetPageId="8" captionText="Figure 1 Eulohmannia ribagai(Berlese): A – larva, lateral view, epi-illumination; B – tritonymph, same; C – living adult, stereomicroscope (arrow to cervical collar); D – gravid female, with single egg (provenance uncertain, photo D.E. Walter); E – tritonymph, lateral view of gastronotum contour, with epicuticle separated by clearing; F – same, closeup optical section in polarized light; G – adult, notogastral cuticle at edge of sagittal section; H – tritonymph, right gastronotic setaec1, c2 and lyrifissureia (lower left insert = im from adult, right =im from deutonymph, showing canal). Scale bars 100 µm (A-D); 20 µm (E); 10 µm (H); 2 µm (F, G)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7945664" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7945664/files/figure.png" pageId="16" pageNumber="1004">Fig. 1H</figureCitation>
); only for
<emphasis id="F5836E478D17F620FD82B0D2FDA2FE46" box="[530,559,401,425]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="1004">ih</emphasis>
of the larva and
<emphasis id="F5836E478D17F620FD70B0D1FD72FE46" box="[736,767,402,425]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="1004">ips</emphasis>
of the protonymph—i.e., when these lyrifissures first appear—do they have a narrowly elliptical cupular form (
<figureCitation id="5FCCAED08D17F620FC71B0F0FBC0FE24" box="[993,1101,435,459]" captionStart="Figure 11" captionStartId="24.[119,192,1693,1714]" captionTargetBox="[103,1494,221,1639]" captionTargetId="figure-2@24.[103,1494,221,1639]" captionTargetPageId="24" captionText="Figure 11 Eulohmannia ribagai(Berlese): A – adult, left anal and adanal plates, ventral view; B – larva, paraproctal region, slightly flattened" figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7945686" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7945686/files/figure.png" pageId="16" pageNumber="1004">Fig. 11B</figureCitation>
). Lyrifissure
<emphasis id="F5836E478D17F620FB41B0F7FB6BFE24" box="[1233,1254,436,459]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="1004">ia</emphasis>
has a slightly more lateral position in the larva than in later instars (cf.
<figureCitation id="5FCCAED08D17F620FB84B095FBE3FE01" box="[1044,1134,470,494]" captionStart="Figure 3" captionStartId="11.[119,192,1988,2009]" captionTargetBox="[114,1483,236,1924]" captionTargetId="figure-2@11.[103,1494,221,1934]" captionTargetPageId="11" captionText="Figure 3 Eulohmannia ribagai(Berlese), larva (appendages incompletely shown): A – dorsal view B – posterior view of hysterosoma; C – ventral view; D – lateral view. Scale bar 100 µm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7945668" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7945668/files/figure.png" pageId="16" pageNumber="1004">Figs 3A</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="5FCCAED08D17F620FBE9B095FB17FE01" box="[1145,1178,470,494]" captionStart="Figure 4" captionStartId="12.[119,192,1875,1896]" captionTargetBox="[106,1479,282,1811]" captionTargetId="figure-2@12.[103,1494,262,1822]" captionTargetPageId="12" captionText="Figure 4 Eulohmannia ribagai(Berlese), nymphs (appendages incompletely shown): A – protonymph, ventral view (prodorsum incomplete); B – deutonymph, ventral view of hysterosoma; C – tritonymph, dorsal view; D – tritonymph, ventral view; E – tritonymph, partial dorsal view of gastronotum showing artifactual transverse crease (see text, R3). Scale bars 100 µm: A, B to same scale, C-E to same scale." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7945672" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7945672/files/figure.png" pageId="16" pageNumber="1004">4C</figureCitation>
);
<emphasis id="F5836E478D17F620FB37B094FB31FE01" box="[1191,1212,471,494]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="1004">ip</emphasis>
also shifts position, being posteroventral to seta
<emphasis id="F5836E478D17F620FD43B0BBFD57FDFF" box="[723,730,504,528]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="1004">f</emphasis>
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in
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the larva but dorsal to
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in
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nymphs and adult. Both
<emphasis id="F5836E478D17F620FAA3B0BBFAC3FDFF" box="[1331,1358,504,528]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="1004">ih</emphasis>
and
<emphasis id="F5836E478D17F620FAEAB0BAFA14FDFF" box="[1402,1433,505,528]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="1004">ips</emphasis>
make the usual small migrations seen in acariform mites with the addition of paraproctal segments
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="C748B2558D17F620FE7BB37EFA7DFD76" blockId="16.[491,1547,229,1283]" pageId="16" pageNumber="1004">
(in Pn and Dn, respectively). In the adult, lyrifissure
<emphasis id="F5836E478D17F620FBB7B37DFBCBFDBA" box="[1063,1094,574,597]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="1004">ips</emphasis>
comes to lie close to and parallel to the notogastral margin, a short distance anterior to the angular projection, but the position
<emphasis id="F5836E478D17F620FA54B31CFA6FFD98" box="[1476,1506,607,631]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="1004">ih</emphasis>
of is more variable.
<bibRefCitation id="A366CFA48D17F620FD3BB3C2FCFFFD76" author="Grandjean F." box="[683,882,641,665]" pageId="16" pageNumber="1004" pagination="282 - 289" refId="ref50505" refString="Grandjean F. 1956 b. Observations sur les Oribates (35 e serie). Bull. Mus. nat. Hist. natur. (2), 28: 282 - 289." type="journal article" year="1956">Grandjean (1956b</bibRefCitation>
, his
<figureCitation id="5FCCAED08D17F620FC36B3C2FB8DFD76" box="[934,1024,641,665]" captionStart="Figure 1" captionStartId="8.[119,192,1930,1951]" captionTargetBox="[103,1494,221,1877]" captionTargetId="figure-2@8.[103,1494,221,1877]" captionTargetPageId="8" captionText="Figure 1 Eulohmannia ribagai(Berlese): A – larva, lateral view, epi-illumination; B – tritonymph, same; C – living adult, stereomicroscope (arrow to cervical collar); D – gravid female, with single egg (provenance uncertain, photo D.E. Walter); E – tritonymph, lateral view of gastronotum contour, with epicuticle separated by clearing; F – same, closeup optical section in polarized light; G – adult, notogastral cuticle at edge of sagittal section; H – tritonymph, right gastronotic setaec1, c2 and lyrifissureia (lower left insert = im from adult, right =im from deutonymph, showing canal). Scale bars 100 µm (A-D); 20 µm (E); 10 µm (H); 2 µm (F, G)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7945664" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7945664/files/figure.png" pageId="16" pageNumber="1004">Fig. 1A</figureCitation>
) and
<bibRefCitation id="A366CFA48D17F620FBD3B3C2FAD2FD76" author="Lebrun P. &amp; Wauthy G." box="[1091,1375,641,665]" pageId="16" pageNumber="1004" pagination="131 - 142" refId="ref51703" refString="Lebrun P., Wauthy G. 1981. Quelques observations et reflexions sur les peuplements d'Oribates hypoges (Acariens). Ann. Soc. Roy. Zool. Malacol. Belg., 111: 131 - 142." type="journal article" year="1981">Lebrun and Wauthy (1981</bibRefCitation>
, their
<figureCitation id="5FCCAED08D17F620FA34B3C2FA64FD76" box="[1444,1513,641,665]" captionStart="Figure 2" captionStartId="9.[119,192,1925,1946]" captionTargetBox="[103,1494,235,1871]" captionTargetId="figure-2@9.[103,1494,235,1871]" captionTargetPageId="9" captionText="Figure 2 Eulohmannia ribagai(Berlese), adult, SEM images: A – lateral view; B – closeup of posterior proterosoma; C – dorsal view; D – frontal view (black arrow to narrow solid rostral rim); E – sejugal region, dorsal view. Scale bars 100 µm (A, C); 20 µm (B, D, E)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7945666" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7945666/files/figure.png" pageId="16" pageNumber="1004">Fig. 2</figureCitation>
)
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="C748B2558D17F620FE7BB3E0FDD8FCEF" blockId="16.[491,1547,229,1283]" pageId="16" pageNumber="1004">
showed
<emphasis id="F5836E478D17F620FDD3B3E0FDD3FD54" box="[579,606,675,699]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="1004">ih</emphasis>
with an orientation similar to that of
<emphasis id="F5836E478D17F620FC72B3E7FB8CFD54" box="[994,1025,676,699]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="1004">ips</emphasis>
but slightly more anterior on the notogastral margin. In our material
<emphasis id="F5836E478D17F620FD62B385FC82FD31" box="[754,783,710,734]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="1004">ih</emphasis>
is sometimes more removed from the margin, and oriented more vertically.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="C748B2558D17F620FD83B248F985FC88" blockId="16.[491,1547,229,1283]" pageId="16" pageNumber="1004">
In the larva gastronotic setae are minutely, asymmetrically barbed, but in later instars they are smooth, or nearly so (
<figureCitation id="5FCCAED08D17F620FC92B26EFCF7FCAA" box="[770,890,813,837]" captionStart="Figure 7" captionStartId="15.[119,192,1930,1951]" captionTargetBox="[103,1494,221,1877]" captionTargetId="figure-2@15.[103,1494,221,1877]" captionTargetPageId="15" captionText="Figure 7 Eulohmannia ribagai(Berlese): A – seta c1 of larva; B – seta c1 of adult; C – adult, metapodosomal region, lateral view of cleared specimen; D – same, closeup of leg IV region; E – same, surface closeup of leg III region; F – same as E, but deeper focus to show apodemes; G – left sejugal apodeme and apodeme III, dorsal view; H – adult, ventral aspect, region near leg IV insertion (specimen from Alberta). Scale bars 20 µm (C, H); 10 µm (A, B, D-G)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7945678" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7945678/files/figure.png" pageId="16" pageNumber="1004">Fig. 7A, B</figureCitation>
); while they may become proportionally thinner during ontogeny their size relative to the body decreases somewhat, concomitant with body elongation
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="C748B2558D17F620FE7BB232FA70FC44" blockId="16.[491,1547,229,1283]" pageId="16" pageNumber="1004">
(cf.
<figureCitation id="5FCCAED08D17F620FD87B232FDFDFC66" box="[535,624,881,905]" captionStart="Figure 3" captionStartId="11.[119,192,1988,2009]" captionTargetBox="[114,1483,236,1924]" captionTargetId="figure-2@11.[103,1494,221,1934]" captionTargetPageId="11" captionText="Figure 3 Eulohmannia ribagai(Berlese), larva (appendages incompletely shown): A – dorsal view B – posterior view of hysterosoma; C – ventral view; D – lateral view. Scale bar 100 µm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7945668" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7945668/files/figure.png" pageId="16" pageNumber="1004">Figs 3A</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="5FCCAED08D17F620FDE9B232FD11FC66" box="[633,668,881,905]" captionStart="Figure 4" captionStartId="12.[119,192,1875,1896]" captionTargetBox="[106,1479,282,1811]" captionTargetId="figure-2@12.[103,1494,262,1822]" captionTargetPageId="12" captionText="Figure 4 Eulohmannia ribagai(Berlese), nymphs (appendages incompletely shown): A – protonymph, ventral view (prodorsum incomplete); B – deutonymph, ventral view of hysterosoma; C – tritonymph, dorsal view; D – tritonymph, ventral view; E – tritonymph, partial dorsal view of gastronotum showing artifactual transverse crease (see text, R3). Scale bars 100 µm: A, B to same scale, C-E to same scale." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7945672" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7945672/files/figure.png" pageId="16" pageNumber="1004">4C</figureCitation>
). Absolute sizes are given in
<tableCitation id="8A7587EE8D17F620FC47B232FBA5FC66" box="[983,1064,881,905]" captionStart="Table 1" captionStartId="16.[119,178,1358,1379]" captionText="Table 1 Length (in µm) of body setae in New York population ofEulohmannia ribagai(Berlese, 1910) during ontogeny (data from 2–4 individuals of each instar)." pageId="16" pageNumber="1004">Table 1</tableCitation>
. The chaetome of the adult notogaster has been reported differently in the literature (R5), but in all our material, regardless of provenance,
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="C748B2558D17F620FE7BB2F5FA5CFBDA" blockId="16.[491,1547,229,1283]" pageId="16" pageNumber="1004">
there are 15 pairs, with no indication of setal vestiges to indicate which seta is absent from a holotrichous (16 pairs) chaetome. The gastronotic chaetome of juveniles is consistent with that of the adult, i.e., no setae are added or deleted from the gastronotum other than the usual anamorphic addition of segment
<emphasis id="F5836E478D17F620FCDEB55EFCE3FBDA" box="[846,878,1053,1077]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="1004">PS</emphasis>
and its setae in the protonymph: so, there are 12-15-15
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="C748B2558D17F620FE7BB57CFAD9FB95" blockId="16.[491,1547,229,1283]" pageId="16" pageNumber="1004">
pairs in the larva, nymphs and adult. The larval count assumes an absence of inguinal seta
<emphasis id="F5836E478D17F620FA2BB57CFA54FBB8" box="[1467,1497,1087,1111]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="1004">hi</emphasis>
and the notations applied to the dorsal setation assume the missing seta
<emphasis id="F5836E478D17F620FB6DB522FA89FB96" box="[1277,1284,1121,1145]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="1004">f</emphasis>
is
<subScript id="5B73B0108D17F620FA9AB52DFA9EFB90" attach="both" box="[1290,1299,1134,1151]" fontSize="7" pageId="16" pageNumber="1004">1</subScript>
(R6).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="C748B2558D17F621FD83B5C7FA10FE68" blockId="16.[491,1547,229,1283]" lastBlockId="17.[491,1556,229,2045]" lastPageId="17" lastPageNumber="1005" pageId="16" pageNumber="1004">
<emphasis id="F5836E478D17F620FD83B5C7FC22FB73" bold="true" box="[531,943,1156,1180]" pageId="16" pageNumber="1004">Lateral podosoma and coxisternum</emphasis>
(
<figureCitation id="5FCCAED08D17F620FC26B5C7FB9EFB73" box="[950,1043,1156,1180]" captionStart-0="Figure 2" captionStart-1="Figure 3" captionStart-2="Figure 4" captionStartId-0="9.[119,192,1925,1946]" captionStartId-1="11.[119,192,1988,2009]" captionStartId-2="12.[119,192,1875,1896]" captionTargetBox-0="[103,1494,235,1871]" captionTargetBox-1="[114,1483,236,1924]" captionTargetBox-2="[106,1479,282,1811]" captionTargetId-0="figure-2@9.[103,1494,235,1871]" captionTargetId-1="figure-2@11.[103,1494,221,1934]" captionTargetId-2="figure-2@12.[103,1494,262,1822]" captionTargetPageId-0="9" captionTargetPageId-1="11" captionTargetPageId-2="12" captionText-0="Figure 2 Eulohmannia ribagai(Berlese), adult, SEM images: A – lateral view; B – closeup of posterior proterosoma; C – dorsal view; D – frontal view (black arrow to narrow solid rostral rim); E – sejugal region, dorsal view. Scale bars 100 µm (A, C); 20 µm (B, D, E)." captionText-1="Figure 3 Eulohmannia ribagai(Berlese), larva (appendages incompletely shown): A – dorsal view B – posterior view of hysterosoma; C – ventral view; D – lateral view. Scale bar 100 µm." captionText-2="Figure 4 Eulohmannia ribagai(Berlese), nymphs (appendages incompletely shown): A – protonymph, ventral view (prodorsum incomplete); B – deutonymph, ventral view of hysterosoma; C – tritonymph, dorsal view; D – tritonymph, ventral view; E – tritonymph, partial dorsal view of gastronotum showing artifactual transverse crease (see text, R3). Scale bars 100 µm: A, B to same scale, C-E to same scale." figureDoi-0="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7945666" figureDoi-1="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7945668" figureDoi-2="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7945672" httpUri-0="https://zenodo.org/record/7945666/files/figure.png" httpUri-1="https://zenodo.org/record/7945668/files/figure.png" httpUri-2="https://zenodo.org/record/7945672/files/figure.png" pageId="16" pageNumber="1004">Figs 2-4</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="5FCCAED08D17F620FB8EB5C6FBA5FB73" box="[1054,1064,1157,1180]" captionStart="Figure 7" captionStartId="15.[119,192,1930,1951]" captionTargetBox="[103,1494,221,1877]" captionTargetId="figure-2@15.[103,1494,221,1877]" captionTargetPageId="15" captionText="Figure 7 Eulohmannia ribagai(Berlese): A – seta c1 of larva; B – seta c1 of adult; C – adult, metapodosomal region, lateral view of cleared specimen; D – same, closeup of leg IV region; E – same, surface closeup of leg III region; F – same as E, but deeper focus to show apodemes; G – left sejugal apodeme and apodeme III, dorsal view; H – adult, ventral aspect, region near leg IV insertion (specimen from Alberta). Scale bars 20 µm (C, H); 10 µm (A, B, D-G)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7945678" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7945678/files/figure.png" pageId="16" pageNumber="1004">7</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="5FCCAED08D17F620FBA3B5C7FBB3FB73" box="[1075,1086,1156,1180]" captionStart="Figure 8" captionStartId="18.[119,192,1897,1918]" captionTargetBox="[118,1479,221,1843]" captionTargetId="figure-2@18.[118,1479,221,1843]" captionTargetPageId="18" captionText="Figure 8 Eulohmannia ribagai(Berlese): A – larva, region of right leg II insertion, ventral view, showing Claparède’s organ (insert = closeup of protective scale, seta 1c); B – adult, ventrosejugal region; C – adult, podosomal region, ventral view (uncleared specimen in glycerine * = extrinsic leg III muscle inserting onap.sj); D – insertions of legs I, II, ventrolateral view, showing declivity bordered by ridger2 (* = articulation of trochanter); E – cleared adult, cross section at level of apodeme 1, anterior view; F – same, at level of apodeme 2, posterior view; G – supracoxal seta eI of two different adults from New York; H – same, from eastern Canada (top Nova Scotia, bottom New Brunswick with one broken tine); I – same, from northwestern North America (from top: Alberta, two examples from Northwest Territories, Alaska); J – same, from Palaearctic populations (from top: two examples from Sweden, Germany (tritonymph), Khabarovsk). Scale bars 20 µm (C-F); 10 µm (A, B); 5 µm (G-J, to same scale)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7945680" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7945680/files/figure.png" pageId="16" pageNumber="1004">8</figureCitation>
) — In all instars, the prodorsum and the epimeral region of the proterosoma merge without clear separation. This is easily seen in the uninterrupted cuticle of the cylindrical cervical collar. Anterior to the collar two linear structures appear to intervene between the prodorsum and coxisternal epimeres, but neither is an articulation. The more dorsal is carina
<emphasis id="F5836E478D16F621FC5BB1A6FC7CFF12" box="[971,1009,229,253]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="1005">pdc</emphasis>
, noted above (
<figureCitation id="5FCCAED08D16F621FB0BB1A6FA9BFF12" box="[1179,1302,229,253]" captionStart="Figure 2" captionStartId="9.[119,192,1925,1946]" captionTargetBox="[103,1494,235,1871]" captionTargetId="figure-2@9.[103,1494,235,1871]" captionTargetPageId="9" captionText="Figure 2 Eulohmannia ribagai(Berlese), adult, SEM images: A – lateral view; B – closeup of posterior proterosoma; C – dorsal view; D – frontal view (black arrow to narrow solid rostral rim); E – sejugal region, dorsal view. Scale bars 100 µm (A, C); 20 µm (B, D, E)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7945666" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7945666/files/figure.png" pageId="17" pageNumber="1005">Fig. 2B, D</figureCitation>
). The other is the podocephalic canal (
<emphasis id="F5836E478D16F621FD53B04AFD65FECF" box="[707,744,265,288]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="1005">cpc</emphasis>
;
<figureCitation id="5FCCAED08D16F621FD65B04BFCC7FECF" box="[757,842,264,288]" captionStart="Figure 2" captionStartId="9.[119,192,1925,1946]" captionTargetBox="[103,1494,235,1871]" captionTargetId="figure-2@9.[103,1494,235,1871]" captionTargetPageId="9" captionText="Figure 2 Eulohmannia ribagai(Berlese), adult, SEM images: A – lateral view; B – closeup of posterior proterosoma; C – dorsal view; D – frontal view (black arrow to narrow solid rostral rim); E – sejugal region, dorsal view. Scale bars 100 µm (A, C); 20 µm (B, D, E)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7945666" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7945666/files/figure.png" pageId="17" pageNumber="1005">Figs 2B</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="5FCCAED08D16F621FCC3B04BFCFCFECF" box="[851,881,264,288]" captionStart="Figure 3" captionStartId="11.[119,192,1988,2009]" captionTargetBox="[114,1483,236,1924]" captionTargetId="figure-2@11.[103,1494,221,1934]" captionTargetPageId="11" captionText="Figure 3 Eulohmannia ribagai(Berlese), larva (appendages incompletely shown): A – dorsal view B – posterior view of hysterosoma; C – ventral view; D – lateral view. Scale bar 100 µm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7945668" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7945668/files/figure.png" pageId="17" pageNumber="1005">3C</figureCitation>
), which runs from the gnathosomal articulation posteriorly, just above trochanter II, to the groove
<emphasis id="F5836E478D16F621FC05B069FC30FEAD" box="[917,957,298,322]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="1005">pbg</emphasis>
() delimiting the cervical collar. Development of the podocephalic canal and its associated glands was illustrated and described in detail
<emphasis id="F5836E478D16F621FA2AB00DFA5CFE8A" box="[1466,1489,334,357]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="1005">E.</emphasis>
for
<taxonomicName id="00F7C9D68D16F621FE7BB02CFDB2FE68" baseAuthorityName="Berlese" baseAuthorityYear="1910" box="[491,575,367,391]" class="Arachnida" family="Eulohmanniidae" genus="Eulohmannia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Sarcoptiformes" pageId="17" pageNumber="1005" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="ribagai">
<emphasis id="F5836E478D16F621FE7BB02CFDB2FE68" box="[491,575,367,391]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="1005">ribagai</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
by
<bibRefCitation id="A366CFA48D16F621FDF5B02CFCACFE68" author="Grandjean F." box="[613,801,367,391]" pageId="17" pageNumber="1005" pagination="110 - 117" refId="ref49685" refString="Grandjean F. 1939 b. Observations sur les Oribates (11 e serie). Bull. Mus. nat. Hist. natur. (2), 11: 110 - 117." type="journal article" year="1939">Grandjean (1939b</bibRefCitation>
,
<bibRefCitation id="A366CFA48D16F621FCBBB02CFCD3FE68" author="Grandjean F." box="[811,862,367,391]" pageId="17" pageNumber="1005" pagination="300 - 307" refId="ref49721" refString="Grandjean F. 1939 c. Observations sur les Oribates (12 e serie). Bull. Mus. nat. Hist. natur. (2), 11: 300 - 307." type="journal article" year="1939">1939c</bibRefCitation>
,
<bibRefCitation id="A366CFA48D16F621FCF8B02CFC1AFE68" author="Grandjean F." box="[872,919,367,391]" pageId="17" pageNumber="1005" pagination="357 - 391" refId="ref50840" refString="Grandjean F. 1968. Nouvelles observations sur les Oribates (6 e serie). Acarologia, 10: 357 - 391." type="journal article" year="1968">1968</bibRefCitation>
,
<bibRefCitation id="A366CFA48D16F621FC32B02CFC43FE68" author="Grandjean F." box="[930,974,367,391]" pageId="17" pageNumber="1005" pagination="849 - 876" refId="ref50891" refString="Grandjean F. 1971. Nouvelles observations sur les Oribates (8 e serie). Acarologia, 12: 849 - 876." type="journal article" year="1971">1971</bibRefCitation>
; see also
<bibRefCitation id="A366CFA48D16F621FBA3B033FB4BFE68" author="Hammen L. van der" box="[1075,1222,367,391]" pageId="17" pageNumber="1005" pagination="1 - 70" refId="ref51050" refString="Hammen L. van der 1982. Comparative studies in Chelicerata II. Epimerata (Palpigradi and Actinotrichida). Zool. Verh., 196: 1 - 70." type="journal article" year="1982">Hammen 1982</bibRefCitation>
; Alberti and Coons
</paragraph>
<caption id="9388E2DD8D17F620FFE7B40DFE09FA95" pageId="16" pageNumber="1004" startId="16.[119,178,1358,1379]" targetType="table">
<paragraph id="C748B2558D17F620FFE7B40DFE09FA95" blockId="16.[119,1489,1358,1402]" pageId="16" pageNumber="1004">
<emphasis id="F5836E478D17F620FFE7B40DFF4BFA8C" bold="true" box="[119,198,1358,1379]" pageId="16" pageNumber="1004">Table 1</emphasis>
Length (in µm) of body setae in New York population of
<taxonomicName id="00F7C9D68D17F620FC84B40DFBF1FA8B" authority="(Berlese, 1910)" baseAuthorityName="Berlese" baseAuthorityYear="1910" box="[788,1148,1358,1380]" class="Arachnida" family="Eulohmanniidae" genus="Eulohmannia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Sarcoptiformes" pageId="16" pageNumber="1004" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="ribagai">
<emphasis id="F5836E478D17F620FC84B40DFC61FA8B" box="[788,1004,1358,1380]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="1004">Eulohmannia ribagai</emphasis>
(Berlese, 1910)
</taxonomicName>
during ontogeny (data from 2–4 individuals of each instar).
</paragraph>
</caption>
<paragraph id="C748B2558D17F620FF1BB481FA30F801" pageId="16" pageNumber="1004">
<table id="B5F740F58D1709CFFFFEB481FA32F81F" box="[110,1471,1474,2032]" colsContinueIn="23.[107,1463,1754,2032]" gridcols="6" gridrows="14" pageId="16" pageNumber="1004">
<tr id="79C7B0178D1709CFFFFEB481FA32FA3A" box="[110,1471,1474,1493]" gridrow="0" pageId="16" pageNumber="1004">
<th id="3A16D96B8D1709CFFFFEB481FE8EFA3A" box="[110,259,1474,1493]" gridcol="0" gridrow="0" pageId="16" pageNumber="1004">Body region</th>
<th id="3A16D96B8D1709CFFEBDB481FE70FA3A" box="[301,509,1474,1493]" gridcol="1" gridrow="0" pageId="16" pageNumber="1004">Larva</th>
<th id="3A16D96B8D1709CFFDBBB481FD7EFA3A" box="[555,755,1474,1493]" gridcol="2" gridrow="0" pageId="16" pageNumber="1004">Protonymph</th>
<th id="3A16D96B8D1709CFFC89B481FC6FFA3A" box="[793,994,1474,1493]" gridcol="3" gridrow="0" pageId="16" pageNumber="1004">Deutonymph</th>
<th id="3A16D96B8D1709CFFBB6B481FB3CFA3A" box="[1062,1201,1474,1493]" gridcol="4" gridrow="0" pageId="16" pageNumber="1004">Tritonymph</th>
<th id="3A16D96B8D1709CFFB66B481FA32FA3A" box="[1270,1471,1474,1493]" gridcol="5" gridrow="0" pageId="16" pageNumber="1004">Adult</th>
</tr>
<tr id="79C7B0178D1709CFFFFEB49CFA32FA1D" box="[110,1471,1503,1522]" gridrow="1" pageId="16" pageNumber="1004" rowspan-1="1" rowspan-2="1" rowspan-3="1" rowspan-4="1" rowspan-5="1">
<th id="3A16D96B8D1709CFFFFEB49CFE8EFA1D" box="[110,259,1503,1522]" gridcol="0" gridrow="1" pageId="16" pageNumber="1004">Prodorsum</th>
</tr>
<tr id="79C7B0178D1709CFFFFEB743FA32F9FB" box="[110,1471,1536,1556]" gridrow="2" pageId="16" pageNumber="1004">
<th id="3A16D96B8D1709CFFFFEB743FE8EF9FB" box="[110,259,1536,1556]" gridcol="0" gridrow="2" pageId="16" pageNumber="1004">
<emphasis id="F5836E478D17F620FFE8B742FF07F9FC" box="[120,138,1537,1555]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="1004">ro</emphasis>
</th>
<td id="3A16D96B8D1709CFFEBDB743FE70F9FB" box="[301,509,1536,1556]" gridcol="1" gridrow="2" pageId="16" pageNumber="1004">24</td>
<td id="3A16D96B8D1709CFFDBBB743FD7EF9FB" box="[555,755,1536,1556]" gridcol="2" gridrow="2" pageId="16" pageNumber="1004">32</td>
<td id="3A16D96B8D1709CFFC89B743FC6FF9FB" box="[793,994,1536,1556]" gridcol="3" gridrow="2" pageId="16" pageNumber="1004">34–36</td>
<td id="3A16D96B8D1709CFFBB6B743FB3CF9FB" box="[1062,1201,1536,1556]" gridcol="4" gridrow="2" pageId="16" pageNumber="1004">36–37</td>
<td id="3A16D96B8D1709CFFB66B743FA32F9FB" box="[1270,1471,1536,1556]" gridcol="5" gridrow="2" pageId="16" pageNumber="1004">40–45</td>
</tr>
<tr id="79C7B0178D1709CFFFFEB762FA32F9DB" box="[110,1471,1569,1588]" gridrow="3" pageId="16" pageNumber="1004">
<th id="3A16D96B8D1709CFFFFEB762FE8EF9DB" box="[110,259,1569,1588]" gridcol="0" gridrow="3" pageId="16" pageNumber="1004">
<emphasis id="F5836E478D17F620FFE8B762FF0AF9DB" box="[120,135,1569,1588]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="1004">le</emphasis>
</th>
<td id="3A16D96B8D1709CFFEBDB762FE70F9DB" box="[301,509,1569,1588]" gridcol="1" gridrow="3" pageId="16" pageNumber="1004">10–12</td>
<td id="3A16D96B8D1709CFFDBBB762FD7EF9DB" box="[555,755,1569,1588]" gridcol="2" gridrow="3" pageId="16" pageNumber="1004">16</td>
<td id="3A16D96B8D1709CFFC89B762FC6FF9DB" box="[793,994,1569,1588]" gridcol="3" gridrow="3" pageId="16" pageNumber="1004">16</td>
<td id="3A16D96B8D1709CFFBB6B762FB3CF9DB" box="[1062,1201,1569,1588]" gridcol="4" gridrow="3" pageId="16" pageNumber="1004">16–17</td>
<td id="3A16D96B8D1709CFFB66B762FA32F9DB" box="[1270,1471,1569,1588]" gridcol="5" gridrow="3" pageId="16" pageNumber="1004">21–23</td>
</tr>
<tr id="79C7B0178D1709CFFFFEB701FA32F9BA" box="[110,1471,1602,1621]" gridrow="4" pageId="16" pageNumber="1004">
<th id="3A16D96B8D1709CFFFFEB701FE8EF9BA" box="[110,259,1602,1621]" gridcol="0" gridrow="4" pageId="16" pageNumber="1004">
<emphasis id="F5836E478D17F620FFE8B700FF05F9BA" box="[120,136,1603,1621]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="1004">in</emphasis>
</th>
<td id="3A16D96B8D1709CFFEBDB701FE70F9BA" box="[301,509,1602,1621]" gridcol="1" gridrow="4" pageId="16" pageNumber="1004">36</td>
<td id="3A16D96B8D1709CFFDBBB701FD7EF9BA" box="[555,755,1602,1621]" gridcol="2" gridrow="4" pageId="16" pageNumber="1004">45–49</td>
<td id="3A16D96B8D1709CFFC89B701FC6FF9BA" box="[793,994,1602,1621]" gridcol="3" gridrow="4" pageId="16" pageNumber="1004">53–57</td>
<td id="3A16D96B8D1709CFFBB6B701FB3CF9BA" box="[1062,1201,1602,1621]" gridcol="4" gridrow="4" pageId="16" pageNumber="1004">57–59</td>
<td id="3A16D96B8D1709CFFB66B701FA32F9BA" box="[1270,1471,1602,1621]" gridcol="5" gridrow="4" pageId="16" pageNumber="1004">68–73</td>
</tr>
<tr id="79C7B0178D1709CFFFFEB720FA32F999" box="[110,1471,1635,1654]" gridrow="5" pageId="16" pageNumber="1004">
<th id="3A16D96B8D1709CFFFFEB720FE8EF999" box="[110,259,1635,1654]" gridcol="0" gridrow="5" pageId="16" pageNumber="1004">
<emphasis id="F5836E478D17F620FFE8B720FF07F999" box="[120,138,1635,1654]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="1004">bs</emphasis>
</th>
<td id="3A16D96B8D1709CFFEBDB720FE70F999" box="[301,509,1635,1654]" gridcol="1" gridrow="5" pageId="16" pageNumber="1004">73–82</td>
<td id="3A16D96B8D1709CFFDBBB720FD7EF999" box="[555,755,1635,1654]" gridcol="2" gridrow="5" pageId="16" pageNumber="1004">90–94</td>
<td id="3A16D96B8D1709CFFC89B720FC6FF999" box="[793,994,1635,1654]" gridcol="3" gridrow="5" pageId="16" pageNumber="1004">102–106</td>
<td id="3A16D96B8D1709CFFBB6B720FB3CF999" box="[1062,1201,1635,1654]" gridcol="4" gridrow="5" pageId="16" pageNumber="1004">102–110</td>
<td id="3A16D96B8D1709CFFB66B720FA32F999" box="[1270,1471,1635,1654]" gridcol="5" gridrow="5" pageId="16" pageNumber="1004">130–145</td>
</tr>
<tr id="79C7B0178D1709CFFFFEB7C7FA32F978" box="[110,1471,1668,1687]" gridrow="6" pageId="16" pageNumber="1004">
<th id="3A16D96B8D1709CFFFFEB7C7FE8EF978" box="[110,259,1668,1687]" gridcol="0" gridrow="6" pageId="16" pageNumber="1004">
<emphasis id="F5836E478D17F620FFE8B7C7FF19F979" box="[120,148,1668,1686]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="1004">exa</emphasis>
</th>
<td id="3A16D96B8D1709CFFEBDB7C7FE70F978" box="[301,509,1668,1687]" gridcol="1" gridrow="6" pageId="16" pageNumber="1004">16–18</td>
<td id="3A16D96B8D1709CFFDBBB7C7FD7EF978" box="[555,755,1668,1687]" gridcol="2" gridrow="6" pageId="16" pageNumber="1004">20</td>
<td id="3A16D96B8D1709CFFC89B7C7FC6FF978" box="[793,994,1668,1687]" gridcol="3" gridrow="6" pageId="16" pageNumber="1004">20–22</td>
<td id="3A16D96B8D1709CFFBB6B7C7FB3CF978" box="[1062,1201,1668,1687]" gridcol="4" gridrow="6" pageId="16" pageNumber="1004">32–34</td>
<td id="3A16D96B8D1709CFFB66B7C7FA32F978" box="[1270,1471,1668,1687]" gridcol="5" gridrow="6" pageId="16" pageNumber="1004">42–49</td>
</tr>
<tr id="79C7B0178D1709CFFFFEB7E6FA32F957" box="[110,1471,1701,1720]" gridrow="7" pageId="16" pageNumber="1004">
<th id="3A16D96B8D1709CFFFFEB7E6FE8EF957" box="[110,259,1701,1720]" gridcol="0" gridrow="7" pageId="16" pageNumber="1004">
<emphasis id="F5836E478D17F620FFE8B7E6FF19F958" box="[120,148,1701,1719]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="1004">exp</emphasis>
</th>
<td id="3A16D96B8D1709CFFEBDB7E6FE70F957" box="[301,509,1701,1720]" gridcol="1" gridrow="7" pageId="16" pageNumber="1004">12</td>
<td id="3A16D96B8D1709CFFDBBB7E6FD7EF957" box="[555,755,1701,1720]" gridcol="2" gridrow="7" pageId="16" pageNumber="1004">16</td>
<td id="3A16D96B8D1709CFFC89B7E6FC6FF957" box="[793,994,1701,1720]" gridcol="3" gridrow="7" pageId="16" pageNumber="1004">16</td>
<td id="3A16D96B8D1709CFFBB6B7E6FB3CF957" box="[1062,1201,1701,1720]" gridcol="4" gridrow="7" pageId="16" pageNumber="1004">18</td>
<td id="3A16D96B8D1709CFFB66B7E6FA32F957" box="[1270,1471,1701,1720]" gridcol="5" gridrow="7" pageId="16" pageNumber="1004">22–24</td>
</tr>
<tr id="79C7B0178D1709CFFFFEB786FA32F936" box="[110,1471,1733,1753]" gridrow="8" pageId="16" pageNumber="1004">
<th id="3A16D96B8D1709CFFFFEB786FE8EF936" box="[110,259,1733,1753]" gridcol="0" gridrow="8" pageId="16" pageNumber="1004">
<emphasis id="F5836E478D17F620FFE8B785FF05F937" box="[120,136,1734,1752]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="1004">eI</emphasis>
</th>
<td id="3A16D96B8D1709CFFEBDB786FE70F936" box="[301,509,1733,1753]" gridcol="1" gridrow="8" pageId="16" pageNumber="1004">6</td>
<td id="3A16D96B8D1709CFFDBBB786FD7EF936" box="[555,755,1733,1753]" gridcol="2" gridrow="8" pageId="16" pageNumber="1004">8</td>
<td id="3A16D96B8D1709CFFC89B786FC6FF936" box="[793,994,1733,1753]" gridcol="3" gridrow="8" pageId="16" pageNumber="1004">10</td>
<td id="3A16D96B8D1709CFFBB6B786FB3CF936" box="[1062,1201,1733,1753]" gridcol="4" gridrow="8" pageId="16" pageNumber="1004">10</td>
<td id="3A16D96B8D1709CFFB66B786FA32F936" box="[1270,1471,1733,1753]" gridcol="5" gridrow="8" pageId="16" pageNumber="1004">10–12</td>
</tr>
<tr id="79C7B0178D1709CFFFFEB7A5FA32F8FB" box="[110,1471,1766,1812]" gridrow="9" pageId="16" pageNumber="1004">
<th id="3A16D96B8D1709CFFFFEB7A5FE8EF8FB" box="[110,259,1766,1812]" gridcol="0" gridrow="9" pageId="16" pageNumber="1004">Coxisternum and aggenital region</th>
<td id="3A16D96B8D1709CFFEBDB7A5FE70F8FB" box="[301,509,1766,1812]" gridcol="1" gridrow="9" pageId="16" pageNumber="1004">
<emphasis id="F5836E478D17F620FEF2B7A4FEE6F916" box="[354,363,1767,1785]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="1004">x</emphasis>
,
<emphasis id="F5836E478D17F620FEE9B7A4FE0FF916" box="[377,386,1767,1785]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="1004">y</emphasis>
: 16–20; others: 12–16
</td>
<td id="3A16D96B8D1709CFFDBBB7A5FD7EF8FB" box="[555,755,1766,1812]" gridcol="2" gridrow="9" pageId="16" pageNumber="1004">
<emphasis id="F5836E478D17F620FDF4B7A4FDFAF915" box="[612,631,1767,1786]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="1004">3c</emphasis>
: 24–28; others: 12–16
</td>
<td id="3A16D96B8D1709CFFC89B7A5FC6FF8FB" box="[793,994,1766,1812]" gridcol="3" gridrow="9" pageId="16" pageNumber="1004">
<emphasis id="F5836E478D17F620FCB2B7A4FCBBF915" box="[802,822,1767,1786]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="1004">3c</emphasis>
: 24–28;
<emphasis id="F5836E478D17F620FC11B7A5FC18F916" box="[897,917,1766,1785]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="1004">3d</emphasis>
: 32–36; others: 12–18
</td>
<td id="3A16D96B8D1709CFFBB6B7A5FB3CF8FB" box="[1062,1201,1766,1812]" gridcol="4" gridrow="9" pageId="16" pageNumber="1004">
<emphasis id="F5836E478D17F620FBBFB7A5FBC9F916" box="[1071,1092,1766,1785]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="1004">3b</emphasis>
: 32;
<emphasis id="F5836E478D17F620FBE0B7A4FB09F915" box="[1136,1156,1767,1786]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="1004">3c</emphasis>
: 41; others: 12–20
</td>
<td id="3A16D96B8D1709CFFB66B7A5FA32F8FB" box="[1270,1471,1766,1812]" gridcol="5" gridrow="9" pageId="16" pageNumber="1004">
<emphasis id="F5836E478D17F620FA91B7A5FA98F916" box="[1281,1301,1766,1785]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="1004">3b</emphasis>
: 32–35;
<emphasis id="F5836E478D17F620FAF1B7A4FAF9F915" box="[1377,1396,1767,1786]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="1004">3c</emphasis>
: 48-50; others 12–23
</td>
</tr>
<tr id="79C7B0178D1709CFFFFEB660FA32F8BA" box="[110,1471,1827,1877]" gridrow="10" pageId="16" pageNumber="1004">
<th id="3A16D96B8D1709CFFFFEB660FE8EF8BA" box="[110,259,1827,1877]" gridcol="0" gridrow="10" pageId="16" pageNumber="1004">Hysterosomal dorsum</th>
<td id="3A16D96B8D1709CFFEBDB660FE70F8BA" box="[301,509,1827,1877]" gridcol="1" gridrow="10" pageId="16" pageNumber="1004">
<emphasis id="F5836E478D17F620FED5B660FEC2F8D9" box="[325,335,1827,1846]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="1004">h</emphasis>
3: 20–24;
<emphasis id="F5836E478D17F620FE31B667FE3EF8D9" box="[417,435,1828,1846]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="1004">ps</emphasis>
2,
<emphasis id="F5836E478D17F620FE54B667FE5BF8D9" box="[452,470,1828,1846]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="1004">ps</emphasis>
3,
<emphasis id="F5836E478D17F620FEBDB603FEB2F8BD" box="[301,319,1856,1874]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="1004">ps</emphasis>
i: 10–12; others: 32–41
</td>
<td id="3A16D96B8D1709CFFDBBB660FD7EF8BA" box="[555,755,1827,1877]" gridcol="2" gridrow="10" pageId="16" pageNumber="1004">
<emphasis id="F5836E478D17F620FDF1B667FDFEF8D9" box="[609,627,1828,1846]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="1004">ps</emphasis>
3: 20–28; others: 36–45
</td>
<td id="3A16D96B8D1709CFFC89B660FC6FF8BA" box="[793,994,1827,1877]" gridcol="3" gridrow="10" pageId="16" pageNumber="1004">
<emphasis id="F5836E478D17F620FCDFB667FCECF8D9" box="[847,865,1828,1846]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="1004">ps</emphasis>
3: 24–32; others: 40–49
</td>
<td id="3A16D96B8D1709CFFBB6B660FB3CF8BA" box="[1062,1201,1827,1877]" gridcol="4" gridrow="10" pageId="16" pageNumber="1004">
<emphasis id="F5836E478D17F620FBAEB667FBDDF8D9" box="[1086,1104,1828,1846]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="1004">ps</emphasis>
3: 30–32; others: 41–49
</td>
<td id="3A16D96B8D1709CFFB66B660FA32F8BA" box="[1270,1471,1827,1877]" gridcol="5" gridrow="10" pageId="16" pageNumber="1004">
<emphasis id="F5836E478D17F620FABCB667FAB3F8D9" box="[1324,1342,1828,1846]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="1004">ps</emphasis>
3: 32–34; others: 43–60
</td>
</tr>
<tr id="79C7B0178D1709CFFFFEB623FA32F89B" box="[110,1471,1888,1908]" gridrow="11" pageId="16" pageNumber="1004">
<th id="3A16D96B8D1709CFFFFEB623FE8EF89B" box="[110,259,1888,1908]" gridcol="0" gridrow="11" pageId="16" pageNumber="1004">Genital plate</th>
<td id="3A16D96B8D1709CFFEBDB623FE70F89B" box="[301,509,1888,1908]" gridcol="1" gridrow="11" pageId="16" pageNumber="1004">–</td>
<td id="3A16D96B8D1709CFFDBBB623FD7EF89B" box="[555,755,1888,1908]" gridcol="2" gridrow="11" pageId="16" pageNumber="1004">8</td>
<td id="3A16D96B8D1709CFFC89B623FC6FF89B" box="[793,994,1888,1908]" gridcol="3" gridrow="11" pageId="16" pageNumber="1004">10–12</td>
<td id="3A16D96B8D1709CFFBB6B623FB3CF89B" box="[1062,1201,1888,1908]" gridcol="4" gridrow="11" pageId="16" pageNumber="1004">11–12</td>
<td id="3A16D96B8D1709CFFB66B623FA32F89B" box="[1270,1471,1888,1908]" gridcol="5" gridrow="11" pageId="16" pageNumber="1004">11–13</td>
</tr>
<tr id="79C7B0178D1709CFFFFEB6C2FA32F85C" box="[110,1471,1921,1971]" gridrow="12" pageId="16" pageNumber="1004">
<th id="3A16D96B8D1709CFFFFEB6C2FE8EF85C" box="[110,259,1921,1971]" gridcol="0" gridrow="12" pageId="16" pageNumber="1004">Anal plate</th>
<td id="3A16D96B8D1709CFFEBDB6C2FE70F85C" box="[301,509,1921,1971]" gridcol="1" gridrow="12" pageId="16" pageNumber="1004">–</td>
<td id="3A16D96B8D1709CFFDBBB6C2FD7EF85C" box="[555,755,1921,1971]" gridcol="2" gridrow="12" pageId="16" pageNumber="1004">–</td>
<td id="3A16D96B8D1709CFFC89B6C2FC6FF85C" box="[793,994,1921,1971]" gridcol="3" gridrow="12" pageId="16" pageNumber="1004">
<emphasis id="F5836E478D17F620FC89B6C1FCA0F87B" box="[793,813,1922,1940]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="1004">an</emphasis>
1: 24–26;
<emphasis id="F5836E478D17F620FC10B6C1FC19F87B" box="[896,916,1922,1940]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="1004">an</emphasis>
2: 16–18;
<emphasis id="F5836E478D17F620FCB3B6DDFCBAF85F" box="[803,823,1950,1968]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="1004">an</emphasis>
3: 10–12;
<emphasis id="F5836E478D17F620FC19B6DDFC10F85F" box="[905,925,1950,1968]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="1004">an</emphasis>
4: 8–12
</td>
<td id="3A16D96B8D1709CFFBB6B6C2FB3CF85C" box="[1062,1201,1921,1971]" gridcol="4" gridrow="12" pageId="16" pageNumber="1004">
<emphasis id="F5836E478D17F620FBB6B6C1FBB7F87B" box="[1062,1082,1922,1940]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="1004">an</emphasis>
1: 36;
<emphasis id="F5836E478D17F620FBFEB6C1FB0FF87B" box="[1134,1154,1922,1940]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="1004">an</emphasis>
2: 28;
<emphasis id="F5836E478D17F620FBBBB6DDFBB2F85F" box="[1067,1087,1950,1968]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="1004">an</emphasis>
3: 20;
<emphasis id="F5836E478D17F620FBE3B6DDFB0AF85F" box="[1139,1159,1950,1968]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="1004">an</emphasis>
4: 16
</td>
<td id="3A16D96B8D1709CFFB66B6C2FA32F85C" box="[1270,1471,1921,1971]" gridcol="5" gridrow="12" pageId="16" pageNumber="1004">
<emphasis id="F5836E478D17F620FB66B6C1FA87F87B" box="[1270,1290,1922,1940]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="1004">an</emphasis>
1: 45–50;
<emphasis id="F5836E478D17F620FACCB6C1FAFDF87B" box="[1372,1392,1922,1940]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="1004">an</emphasis>
2: 38–40;
<emphasis id="F5836E478D17F620FB6BB6DDFA82F85F" box="[1275,1295,1950,1968]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="1004">an</emphasis>
3: 29–31;
<emphasis id="F5836E478D17F620FAF1B6DDFAF8F85F" box="[1377,1397,1950,1968]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="1004">an</emphasis>
4: 22–23
</td>
</tr>
<tr id="79C7B0178D1709CFFFFEB6FDFA32F81F" box="[110,1471,1982,2032]" gridrow="13" pageId="16" pageNumber="1004">
<th id="3A16D96B8D1709CFFFFEB6FDFE8EF81F" box="[110,259,1982,2032]" gridcol="0" gridrow="13" pageId="16" pageNumber="1004">Adanal plate</th>
<td id="3A16D96B8D1709CFFEBDB6FDFE70F81F" box="[301,509,1982,2032]" gridcol="1" gridrow="13" pageId="16" pageNumber="1004">–</td>
<td id="3A16D96B8D1709CFFDBBB6FDFD7EF81F" box="[555,755,1982,2032]" gridcol="2" gridrow="13" pageId="16" pageNumber="1004">
<emphasis id="F5836E478D17F620FDBBB6FDFDB2F83E" box="[555,575,1982,2001]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="1004">ad</emphasis>
1: 16–24;
<emphasis id="F5836E478D17F620FD01B6FDFD28F83E" box="[657,677,1982,2001]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="1004">ad</emphasis>
2: 12–16;
<emphasis id="F5836E478D17F620FDAFB698FDDEF801" box="[575,595,2011,2030]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="1004">ad</emphasis>
3: 8–12;
<emphasis id="F5836E478D17F620FD0BB698FD22F801" box="[667,687,2011,2030]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="1004">ad</emphasis>
4: 6–8
</td>
<td id="3A16D96B8D1709CFFC89B6FDFC6FF81F" box="[793,994,1982,2032]" gridcol="3" gridrow="13" pageId="16" pageNumber="1004">
<emphasis id="F5836E478D17F620FC89B6FDFCA0F83E" box="[793,813,1982,2001]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="1004">ad</emphasis>
1: 41–45;
<emphasis id="F5836E478D17F620FC10B6FDFC19F83E" box="[896,916,1982,2001]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="1004">ad</emphasis>
2: 32–36;
<emphasis id="F5836E478D17F620FC8EB698FCBFF801" box="[798,818,2011,2030]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="1004">ad</emphasis>
3: 24–28;
<emphasis id="F5836E478D17F620FC14B698FC15F801" box="[900,920,2011,2030]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="1004">ad</emphasis>
4: 20–24
</td>
<td id="3A16D96B8D1709CFFBB6B6FDFB3CF81F" box="[1062,1201,1982,2032]" gridcol="4" gridrow="13" pageId="16" pageNumber="1004">
<emphasis id="F5836E478D17F620FBB6B6FDFBB7F83E" box="[1062,1082,1982,2001]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="1004">ad</emphasis>
1: 49;
<emphasis id="F5836E478D17F620FBFEB6FDFB0FF83E" box="[1134,1154,1982,2001]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="1004">ad</emphasis>
2: 41;
<emphasis id="F5836E478D17F620FBBBB698FBB2F801" box="[1067,1087,2011,2030]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="1004">ad</emphasis>
3: 28;
<emphasis id="F5836E478D17F620FBE3B698FB0AF801" box="[1139,1159,2011,2030]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="1004">ad</emphasis>
4: 24
</td>
<td id="3A16D96B8D1709CFFB66B6FDFA32F81F" box="[1270,1471,1982,2032]" gridcol="5" gridrow="13" pageId="16" pageNumber="1004">
<emphasis id="F5836E478D17F620FA96B6FDFA97F83E" box="[1286,1306,1982,2001]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="1004">ad</emphasis>
1: 60;
<emphasis id="F5836E478D17F620FADEB6FDFAEFF83E" box="[1358,1378,1982,2001]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="1004">ad</emphasis>
2: 51–55;
<emphasis id="F5836E478D17F620FB6BB698FA82F801" box="[1275,1295,2011,2030]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="1004">ad</emphasis>
3: 32–33;
<emphasis id="F5836E478D17F620FAF1B698FAF8F801" box="[1377,1397,2011,2030]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="1004">ad</emphasis>
4: 30–31
</td>
</tr>
</table>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="C748B2558D16F621FE7BB0D1FA68FDFE" blockId="17.[491,1556,229,2045]" pageId="17" pageNumber="1005">
1999). Our observations are consistent with his, including the presence of a small separate gland opening (
<emphasis id="F5836E478D16F621FDC2B0F7FDE1FE23" box="[594,620,436,460]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="1005">g4</emphasis>
) just above the insertion of leg IV in nymphs and adult (
<figureCitation id="5FCCAED08D16F621FB60B0F7FAE4FE23" box="[1264,1385,436,460]" captionStart="Figure 7" captionStartId="15.[119,192,1930,1951]" captionTargetBox="[103,1494,221,1877]" captionTargetId="figure-2@15.[103,1494,221,1877]" captionTargetPageId="15" captionText="Figure 7 Eulohmannia ribagai(Berlese): A – seta c1 of larva; B – seta c1 of adult; C – adult, metapodosomal region, lateral view of cleared specimen; D – same, closeup of leg IV region; E – same, surface closeup of leg III region; F – same as E, but deeper focus to show apodemes; G – left sejugal apodeme and apodeme III, dorsal view; H – adult, ventral aspect, region near leg IV insertion (specimen from Alberta). Scale bars 20 µm (C, H); 10 µm (A, B, D-G)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7945678" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7945678/files/figure.png" pageId="17" pageNumber="1005">Fig. 7C, D</figureCitation>
). Juveniles have no thickened, rib-like lateral ‘nervure’ such as that found in some other mixonomatans (
<bibRefCitation id="A366CFA48D16F621FE62B0BAFD28FDFE" author="Grandjean F." box="[498,677,505,529]" pageId="17" pageNumber="1005" pagination="328 - 357" refId="ref50816" refString="Grandjean F. 1966. Collohmannia gigantea Selln. (Oribate). Premiere partie. Acarologia, 8: 328 - 357." type="journal article" year="1966">Grandjean 1966</bibRefCitation>
,
<bibRefCitation id="A366CFA48D16F621FD21B0B9FC61FDFE" author="Norton R. A. &amp; Sidorchuk E. A." box="[689,1004,505,529]" pageId="17" pageNumber="1005" pagination="271 - 334" refId="ref53766" refString="Norton R. A., Sidorchuk E. A. 2014. Collohmannia johnstoni n. sp. (Acari, Oribatida) from West Virginia (U. S. A.), including description of ontogeny, setal variation, notes on biology and systematics of Collohmanniidae. Acarologia, 54: 271 - 334. https: // doi. org / 10.1051 / acarologia / 20142134" type="journal article" year="2014">Norton and Sidorchuk 2014</bibRefCitation>
). Claparède’s organ of the larva (
<figureCitation id="5FCCAED08D16F621FAF6B0BAFA6DFDFE" box="[1382,1504,505,529]" captionStart="Figure 3" captionStartId="11.[119,192,1988,2009]" captionTargetBox="[114,1483,236,1924]" captionTargetId="figure-2@11.[103,1494,221,1934]" captionTargetPageId="11" captionText="Figure 3 Eulohmannia ribagai(Berlese), larva (appendages incompletely shown): A – dorsal view B – posterior view of hysterosoma; C – ventral view; D – lateral view. Scale bar 100 µm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7945668" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7945668/files/figure.png" pageId="17" pageNumber="1005">Figs 3C, D</figureCitation>
,
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="C748B2558D16F621FE7BB35FFA44FDB9" blockId="17.[491,1556,229,2045]" pageId="17" pageNumber="1005">
<figureCitation id="5FCCAED08D16F621FE7BB35FFD84FDDB" box="[491,521,540,564]" captionStart="Figure 8" captionStartId="18.[119,192,1897,1918]" captionTargetBox="[118,1479,221,1843]" captionTargetId="figure-2@18.[118,1479,221,1843]" captionTargetPageId="18" captionText="Figure 8 Eulohmannia ribagai(Berlese): A – larva, region of right leg II insertion, ventral view, showing Claparède’s organ (insert = closeup of protective scale, seta 1c); B – adult, ventrosejugal region; C – adult, podosomal region, ventral view (uncleared specimen in glycerine * = extrinsic leg III muscle inserting onap.sj); D – insertions of legs I, II, ventrolateral view, showing declivity bordered by ridger2 (* = articulation of trochanter); E – cleared adult, cross section at level of apodeme 1, anterior view; F – same, at level of apodeme 2, posterior view; G – supracoxal seta eI of two different adults from New York; H – same, from eastern Canada (top Nova Scotia, bottom New Brunswick with one broken tine); I – same, from northwestern North America (from top: Alberta, two examples from Northwest Territories, Alaska); J – same, from Palaearctic populations (from top: two examples from Sweden, Germany (tritonymph), Khabarovsk). Scale bars 20 µm (C-F); 10 µm (A, B); 5 µm (G-J, to same scale)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7945680" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7945680/files/figure.png" pageId="17" pageNumber="1005">8A</figureCitation>
) was described in detail by
<bibRefCitation id="A366CFA48D16F621FCDAB35FFB8DFDDB" author="Grandjean F." box="[842,1024,540,564]" pageId="17" pageNumber="1005" pagination="300 - 307" refId="ref49721" refString="Grandjean F. 1939 c. Observations sur les Oribates (12 e serie). Bull. Mus. nat. Hist. natur. (2), 11: 300 - 307." type="journal article" year="1939">Grandjean (1939c</bibRefCitation>
, his Fig. A): it is elongated and clavate, with a piriform head and a stalk having three or four distal annuli that seem to allow bending.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="C748B2558D16F621FD83B322FA37FD0F" blockId="17.[491,1556,229,2045]" pageId="17" pageNumber="1005">
The propodosomal part of the coxisternum is a single unit, lacking distinct articulation between or within epimeres I and II. While there are no borders
<emphasis id="F5836E478D16F621FB32B3C7FB6EFD74" box="[1186,1251,644,667]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="1005">per se</emphasis>
, the epimeres appear delineated more or less into four regions in transmitted light by the complement of coxisternal apodemes, which is similar in all instars. On the propodosoma, apodemes 1
<emphasis id="F5836E478D16F621FAACB38AFADAFD0F" box="[1340,1367,713,736]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="1005">ap</emphasis>
(.
<emphasis id="F5836E478D16F621FACDB38BFAE7FD0F" box="[1373,1386,712,736]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="1005">1</emphasis>
) and 2
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="C748B2558D16F621FE7BB3A9FD4FFB92" blockId="17.[491,1556,229,2045]" pageId="17" pageNumber="1005">
(
<emphasis id="F5836E478D16F621FE63B3A9FDAFFCED" box="[499,546,746,770]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="1005">ap.2</emphasis>
) are large, thin vertical lamina (
<figureCitation id="5FCCAED08D16F621FC17B3A9FC6CFCED" box="[903,993,746,770]" captionStart="Figure 3" captionStartId="11.[119,192,1988,2009]" captionTargetBox="[114,1483,236,1924]" captionTargetId="figure-2@11.[103,1494,221,1934]" captionTargetPageId="11" captionText="Figure 3 Eulohmannia ribagai(Berlese), larva (appendages incompletely shown): A – dorsal view B – posterior view of hysterosoma; C – ventral view; D – lateral view. Scale bar 100 µm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7945668" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7945668/files/figure.png" pageId="17" pageNumber="1005">Figs 3C</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="5FCCAED08D16F621FC7CB3A9FBBCFCED" box="[1004,1073,746,770]" captionStart="Figure 4" captionStartId="12.[119,192,1875,1896]" captionTargetBox="[106,1479,282,1811]" captionTargetId="figure-2@12.[103,1494,262,1822]" captionTargetPageId="12" captionText="Figure 4 Eulohmannia ribagai(Berlese), nymphs (appendages incompletely shown): A – protonymph, ventral view (prodorsum incomplete); B – deutonymph, ventral view of hysterosoma; C – tritonymph, dorsal view; D – tritonymph, ventral view; E – tritonymph, partial dorsal view of gastronotum showing artifactual transverse crease (see text, R3). Scale bars 100 µm: A, B to same scale, C-E to same scale." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7945672" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7945672/files/figure.png" pageId="17" pageNumber="1005">4A, D</figureCitation>
; illustrated only in cross section). Pair
<emphasis id="F5836E478D16F621FE7BB24EFD97FCCA" box="[491,538,781,805]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="1005">ap.1</emphasis>
are strongly cupped posterolaterally; they are well separated medially in the larva, but their curved medial portions become noticeably closer in nymphs and adult. Pair
<emphasis id="F5836E478D16F621FACCB26CFA06FCA8" box="[1372,1419,815,839]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="1005">ap.2</emphasis>
meet medially but are there deflected straight posteriad to form what can be considered a subunit: the bilayered sternal apodeme
<emphasis id="F5836E478D16F621FCACB236FCD4FC63" box="[828,857,885,908]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="1005">ap</emphasis>
(.
<emphasis id="F5836E478D16F621FCCCB236FCE2FC63" box="[860,879,885,908]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="1005">st</emphasis>
), which ends at the strong vertical contour
<emphasis id="F5836E478D16F621FADCB236FAE9FC63" box="[1356,1380,885,908]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="1005">vc</emphasis>
() marking the edge of the constricted cervical collar (
<figureCitation id="5FCCAED08D16F621FC5AB2D4FBCCFC40" box="[970,1089,919,943]" captionStart="Figure 8" captionStartId="18.[119,192,1897,1918]" captionTargetBox="[118,1479,221,1843]" captionTargetId="figure-2@18.[118,1479,221,1843]" captionTargetPageId="18" captionText="Figure 8 Eulohmannia ribagai(Berlese): A – larva, region of right leg II insertion, ventral view, showing Claparède’s organ (insert = closeup of protective scale, seta 1c); B – adult, ventrosejugal region; C – adult, podosomal region, ventral view (uncleared specimen in glycerine * = extrinsic leg III muscle inserting onap.sj); D – insertions of legs I, II, ventrolateral view, showing declivity bordered by ridger2 (* = articulation of trochanter); E – cleared adult, cross section at level of apodeme 1, anterior view; F – same, at level of apodeme 2, posterior view; G – supracoxal seta eI of two different adults from New York; H – same, from eastern Canada (top Nova Scotia, bottom New Brunswick with one broken tine); I – same, from northwestern North America (from top: Alberta, two examples from Northwest Territories, Alaska); J – same, from Palaearctic populations (from top: two examples from Sweden, Germany (tritonymph), Khabarovsk). Scale bars 20 µm (C-F); 10 µm (A, B); 5 µm (G-J, to same scale)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7945680" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7945680/files/figure.png" pageId="17" pageNumber="1005">Fig. 8B, C</figureCitation>
). Extrinsic leg musculature that attaches to these apodemes (partly seen in
<figureCitation id="5FCCAED08D16F621FCF0B2FAFC3AFC3E" box="[864,951,953,977]" captionStart="Figure 8" captionStartId="18.[119,192,1897,1918]" captionTargetBox="[118,1479,221,1843]" captionTargetId="figure-2@18.[118,1479,221,1843]" captionTargetPageId="18" captionText="Figure 8 Eulohmannia ribagai(Berlese): A – larva, region of right leg II insertion, ventral view, showing Claparède’s organ (insert = closeup of protective scale, seta 1c); B – adult, ventrosejugal region; C – adult, podosomal region, ventral view (uncleared specimen in glycerine * = extrinsic leg III muscle inserting onap.sj); D – insertions of legs I, II, ventrolateral view, showing declivity bordered by ridger2 (* = articulation of trochanter); E – cleared adult, cross section at level of apodeme 1, anterior view; F – same, at level of apodeme 2, posterior view; G – supracoxal seta eI of two different adults from New York; H – same, from eastern Canada (top Nova Scotia, bottom New Brunswick with one broken tine); I – same, from northwestern North America (from top: Alberta, two examples from Northwest Territories, Alaska); J – same, from Palaearctic populations (from top: two examples from Sweden, Germany (tritonymph), Khabarovsk). Scale bars 20 µm (C-F); 10 µm (A, B); 5 µm (G-J, to same scale)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7945680" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7945680/files/figure.png" pageId="17" pageNumber="1005">Fig. 8C</figureCitation>
) does not change noticeably during ontogeny. The articulations of trochanters I, III and IV with the body are fully exposed, as in most macropyline taxa, but trochanter II appears partially recessed, protected anteriorly by a cuticular fold. This fold is indistinct in juveniles but in the adult it seems to form a rudimentary acetabulum, with the cotyloid wall (
<emphasis id="F5836E478D16F621FD16B507FD12FBB4" box="[646,671,1092,1115]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="1005">co</emphasis>
) formed by a strong declivity posterior to ridge
<emphasis id="F5836E478D16F621FB30B500FB35FBB4" box="[1184,1208,1091,1115]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="1005">r2</emphasis>
(
<figureCitation id="5FCCAED08D16F621FB57B500FAB3FBB4" box="[1223,1342,1091,1115]" captionStart="Figure 8" captionStartId="18.[119,192,1897,1918]" captionTargetBox="[118,1479,221,1843]" captionTargetId="figure-2@18.[118,1479,221,1843]" captionTargetPageId="18" captionText="Figure 8 Eulohmannia ribagai(Berlese): A – larva, region of right leg II insertion, ventral view, showing Claparède’s organ (insert = closeup of protective scale, seta 1c); B – adult, ventrosejugal region; C – adult, podosomal region, ventral view (uncleared specimen in glycerine * = extrinsic leg III muscle inserting onap.sj); D – insertions of legs I, II, ventrolateral view, showing declivity bordered by ridger2 (* = articulation of trochanter); E – cleared adult, cross section at level of apodeme 1, anterior view; F – same, at level of apodeme 2, posterior view; G – supracoxal seta eI of two different adults from New York; H – same, from eastern Canada (top Nova Scotia, bottom New Brunswick with one broken tine); I – same, from northwestern North America (from top: Alberta, two examples from Northwest Territories, Alaska); J – same, from Palaearctic populations (from top: two examples from Sweden, Germany (tritonymph), Khabarovsk). Scale bars 20 µm (C-F); 10 µm (A, B); 5 µm (G-J, to same scale)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7945680" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7945680/files/figure.png" pageId="17" pageNumber="1005">Fig. 8C, D</figureCitation>
; cf.
<bibRefCitation id="A366CFA48D16F621FAFBB500FDA5FB92" author="Grandjean F." pageId="17" pageNumber="1005" pagination="13 - 36" refId="ref50293" refString="Grandjean F. 1952 b. Au sujet de l'ectosquelette du podosoma chez les Oribates superieurs et de sa terminologie. Bull. Soc. zool. France, 77: 13 - 36." type="journal article" year="1952">Grandjean 1952b</bibRefCitation>
, his
<figureCitation id="5FCCAED08D16F621FDCBB526FD39FB92" box="[603,692,1125,1149]" captionStart="Figure 1" captionStartId="8.[119,192,1930,1951]" captionTargetBox="[103,1494,221,1877]" captionTargetId="figure-2@8.[103,1494,221,1877]" captionTargetPageId="8" captionText="Figure 1 Eulohmannia ribagai(Berlese): A – larva, lateral view, epi-illumination; B – tritonymph, same; C – living adult, stereomicroscope (arrow to cervical collar); D – gravid female, with single egg (provenance uncertain, photo D.E. Walter); E – tritonymph, lateral view of gastronotum contour, with epicuticle separated by clearing; F – same, closeup optical section in polarized light; G – adult, notogastral cuticle at edge of sagittal section; H – tritonymph, right gastronotic setaec1, c2 and lyrifissureia (lower left insert = im from adult, right =im from deutonymph, showing canal). Scale bars 100 µm (A-D); 20 µm (E); 10 µm (H); 2 µm (F, G)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7945664" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7945664/files/figure.png" pageId="17" pageNumber="1005">Fig. 1C</figureCitation>
).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="C748B2558D16F621FD83B5CBFA56FAC5" blockId="17.[491,1556,229,2045]" pageId="17" pageNumber="1005">
Epimeres of the metapodosoma likewise have no distinct borders in any instar, and epimere IV merges seamlessly with the hypertrophied aggenital region behind it. Two pairs of apodemes exist in all instars, associated with epimere III (no apodeme is associated with epimere IV in any instar); these are relatively small, extending only slightly into the hysterosoma and therefore are inconspicuous, especially in juveniles. One, which we consider the sejugal apodeme
<emphasis id="F5836E478D16F621FA0FB450FA36FAC5" box="[1439,1467,1299,1322]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="1005">ap</emphasis>
(.
<emphasis id="F5836E478D16F621FA2EB450FA5FFAC5" box="[1470,1490,1299,1322]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="1005">sj</emphasis>
)
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="C748B2558D16F621FE7BB476FA78FAA3" blockId="17.[491,1556,229,2045]" box="[491,1525,1332,1356]" pageId="17" pageNumber="1005">as it invaginates from the presumed anterior margin of epimere III, is posteroventrally cupped.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="C748B2558D16F621FE7BB414FA42FA7E" blockId="17.[491,1556,229,2045]" pageId="17" pageNumber="1005">
It is most easily distinguished in the adult, at the front of the hysterosoma just below scissure
<emphasis id="F5836E478D16F621FE7BB439FD9DFA7E" box="[491,528,1402,1425]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="1005">ncx</emphasis>
(
<figureCitation id="5FCCAED08D16F621FDB0B43AFD1DFA7E" box="[544,656,1401,1425]" captionStart="Figure 7" captionStartId="15.[119,192,1930,1951]" captionTargetBox="[103,1494,221,1877]" captionTargetId="figure-2@15.[103,1494,221,1877]" captionTargetPageId="15" captionText="Figure 7 Eulohmannia ribagai(Berlese): A – seta c1 of larva; B – seta c1 of adult; C – adult, metapodosomal region, lateral view of cleared specimen; D – same, closeup of leg IV region; E – same, surface closeup of leg III region; F – same as E, but deeper focus to show apodemes; G – left sejugal apodeme and apodeme III, dorsal view; H – adult, ventral aspect, region near leg IV insertion (specimen from Alberta). Scale bars 20 µm (C, H); 10 µm (A, B, D-G)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7945678" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7945678/files/figure.png" pageId="17" pageNumber="1005">Fig. 7E, F</figureCitation>
) and in dorsoventral view it tapers posteriorly to efface at the level of seta
<emphasis id="F5836E478D16F621FA25B43AFA42FA7E" box="[1461,1487,1401,1425]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="1005">3d</emphasis>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="C748B2558D16F621FE7BB4DFFB27F96D" blockId="17.[491,1556,229,2045]" pageId="17" pageNumber="1005">
(
<figureCitation id="5FCCAED08D16F621FE63B4DFFDC2FA5B" box="[499,591,1436,1460]" captionStart="Figure 7" captionStartId="15.[119,192,1930,1951]" captionTargetBox="[103,1494,221,1877]" captionTargetId="figure-2@15.[103,1494,221,1877]" captionTargetPageId="15" captionText="Figure 7 Eulohmannia ribagai(Berlese): A – seta c1 of larva; B – seta c1 of adult; C – adult, metapodosomal region, lateral view of cleared specimen; D – same, closeup of leg IV region; E – same, surface closeup of leg III region; F – same as E, but deeper focus to show apodemes; G – left sejugal apodeme and apodeme III, dorsal view; H – adult, ventral aspect, region near leg IV insertion (specimen from Alberta). Scale bars 20 µm (C, H); 10 µm (A, B, D-G)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7945678" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7945678/files/figure.png" pageId="17" pageNumber="1005">Fig. 7G</figureCitation>
). Part of the extrinsic musculature of leg III (
<figureCitation id="5FCCAED08D16F621FBACB4DFFB19FA5B" box="[1084,1172,1436,1460]" captionStart="Figure 8" captionStartId="18.[119,192,1897,1918]" captionTargetBox="[118,1479,221,1843]" captionTargetId="figure-2@18.[118,1479,221,1843]" captionTargetPageId="18" captionText="Figure 8 Eulohmannia ribagai(Berlese): A – larva, region of right leg II insertion, ventral view, showing Claparède’s organ (insert = closeup of protective scale, seta 1c); B – adult, ventrosejugal region; C – adult, podosomal region, ventral view (uncleared specimen in glycerine * = extrinsic leg III muscle inserting onap.sj); D – insertions of legs I, II, ventrolateral view, showing declivity bordered by ridger2 (* = articulation of trochanter); E – cleared adult, cross section at level of apodeme 1, anterior view; F – same, at level of apodeme 2, posterior view; G – supracoxal seta eI of two different adults from New York; H – same, from eastern Canada (top Nova Scotia, bottom New Brunswick with one broken tine); I – same, from northwestern North America (from top: Alberta, two examples from Northwest Territories, Alaska); J – same, from Palaearctic populations (from top: two examples from Sweden, Germany (tritonymph), Khabarovsk). Scale bars 20 µm (C-F); 10 µm (A, B); 5 µm (G-J, to same scale)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7945680" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7945680/files/figure.png" pageId="17" pageNumber="1005">Fig. 8C</figureCitation>
) inserts on its posteroventral face. In lateral view, fascicles of the anterior dorsoventral muscle (
<emphasis id="F5836E478D16F621FB28B4FDFB75FA39" box="[1208,1272,1470,1494]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="1005">m.adv</emphasis>
) may seem directed toward
<emphasis id="F5836E478D16F621FDADB4A2FDFDFA17" box="[573,624,1505,1528]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="1005">ap.sj</emphasis>
(
<figureCitation id="5FCCAED08D16F621FD10B4A2FD6CFA16" box="[640,737,1505,1529]" captionStart="Figure 6" captionStartId="14.[119,192,1930,1951]" captionTargetBox="[103,1494,221,1877]" captionTargetId="figure-2@14.[103,1494,221,1877]" captionTargetPageId="14" captionText="Figure 6 Eulohmannia ribagai(Berlese), uncleared specimens in glycerine: A – deutonymph, lateral view (musclem.pdv out of focus); B – adult hysterosoma, dorsal view, showing major organs; C – same, lateral view (one fascicle of musclem.pdv out of focus); D – as in C, closeup of humeral region; E – adult, anterior hysterosoma, showing some proterosomal retractor muscles. Scale bars 50 µm (A-C, E); 20 µm (D)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7945676" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7945676/files/figure.png" pageId="17" pageNumber="1005">Fig. 6D</figureCitation>
), but almost certainly they insert on the centrally located endosternite (not illustrated; see Akimov and Yastrebstov 1991, their
<figureCitation id="5FCCAED08D16F621FBDEB740FB19F9F4" box="[1102,1172,1539,1563]" captionStart="Figure 3" captionStartId="11.[119,192,1988,2009]" captionTargetBox="[114,1483,236,1924]" captionTargetId="figure-2@11.[103,1494,221,1934]" captionTargetPageId="11" captionText="Figure 3 Eulohmannia ribagai(Berlese), larva (appendages incompletely shown): A – dorsal view B – posterior view of hysterosoma; C – ventral view; D – lateral view. Scale bar 100 µm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7945668" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7945668/files/figure.png" pageId="17" pageNumber="1005">Fig. 3</figureCitation>
) from above. The second is a small apodeme 3 (
<emphasis id="F5836E478D16F621FD3EB766FD51F9D2" box="[686,732,1573,1597]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="1005">ap.3</emphasis>
) projecting internally from the body wall just anterior to the insertion of trochanter III; it is a simple vertical lamina associated with leg musculature and in all instars it is visible by transparency in dorsoventral view (
<figureCitation id="5FCCAED08D16F621FC66B729FBC3F96D" box="[1014,1102,1642,1666]" captionStart="Figure 3" captionStartId="11.[119,192,1988,2009]" captionTargetBox="[114,1483,236,1924]" captionTargetId="figure-2@11.[103,1494,221,1934]" captionTargetPageId="11" captionText="Figure 3 Eulohmannia ribagai(Berlese), larva (appendages incompletely shown): A – dorsal view B – posterior view of hysterosoma; C – ventral view; D – lateral view. Scale bar 100 µm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7945668" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7945668/files/figure.png" pageId="17" pageNumber="1005">Figs 3C</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="5FCCAED08D16F621FBC9B729FBFBF96D" box="[1113,1142,1642,1666]" captionStart="Figure 7" captionStartId="15.[119,192,1930,1951]" captionTargetBox="[103,1494,221,1877]" captionTargetId="figure-2@15.[103,1494,221,1877]" captionTargetPageId="15" captionText="Figure 7 Eulohmannia ribagai(Berlese): A – seta c1 of larva; B – seta c1 of adult; C – adult, metapodosomal region, lateral view of cleared specimen; D – same, closeup of leg IV region; E – same, surface closeup of leg III region; F – same as E, but deeper focus to show apodemes; G – left sejugal apodeme and apodeme III, dorsal view; H – adult, ventral aspect, region near leg IV insertion (specimen from Alberta). Scale bars 20 µm (C, H); 10 µm (A, B, D-G)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7945678" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7945678/files/figure.png" pageId="17" pageNumber="1005">7G</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="5FCCAED08D16F621FB10B729FB12F96D" box="[1152,1183,1642,1666]" captionStart="Figure 8" captionStartId="18.[119,192,1897,1918]" captionTargetBox="[118,1479,221,1843]" captionTargetId="figure-2@18.[118,1479,221,1843]" captionTargetPageId="18" captionText="Figure 8 Eulohmannia ribagai(Berlese): A – larva, region of right leg II insertion, ventral view, showing Claparède’s organ (insert = closeup of protective scale, seta 1c); B – adult, ventrosejugal region; C – adult, podosomal region, ventral view (uncleared specimen in glycerine * = extrinsic leg III muscle inserting onap.sj); D – insertions of legs I, II, ventrolateral view, showing declivity bordered by ridger2 (* = articulation of trochanter); E – cleared adult, cross section at level of apodeme 1, anterior view; F – same, at level of apodeme 2, posterior view; G – supracoxal seta eI of two different adults from New York; H – same, from eastern Canada (top Nova Scotia, bottom New Brunswick with one broken tine); I – same, from northwestern North America (from top: Alberta, two examples from Northwest Territories, Alaska); J – same, from Palaearctic populations (from top: two examples from Sweden, Germany (tritonymph), Khabarovsk). Scale bars 20 µm (C-F); 10 µm (A, B); 5 µm (G-J, to same scale)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7945680" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7945680/files/figure.png" pageId="17" pageNumber="1005">8C</figureCitation>
).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="C748B2558D16F621FD83B7CDFA48F905" blockId="17.[491,1556,229,2045]" pageId="17" pageNumber="1005">
In nymphs a pair of strong, conspicuous dorsoventral muscles
<emphasis id="F5836E478D16F621FB26B7CEFB47F94A" box="[1206,1226,1677,1701]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="1005">m</emphasis>
(.
<emphasis id="F5836E478D16F621FB5DB7CEFB71F94A" box="[1229,1276,1677,1701]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="1005">mdv</emphasis>
) originate medial to gastronotic seta
<emphasis id="F5836E478D16F621FD0BB7ECFD25F928" box="[667,680,1711,1735]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="1005">d</emphasis>
<subScript id="5B73B0108D16F621FD39B7F8FD22F923" attach="left" box="[681,687,1723,1740]" fontSize="7" pageId="17" pageNumber="1005">2</subScript>
(
<figureCitation id="5FCCAED08D16F621FD54B7ECFCA9F928" box="[708,804,1711,1735]" captionStart="Figure 6" captionStartId="14.[119,192,1930,1951]" captionTargetBox="[103,1494,221,1877]" captionTargetId="figure-2@14.[103,1494,221,1877]" captionTargetPageId="14" captionText="Figure 6 Eulohmannia ribagai(Berlese), uncleared specimens in glycerine: A – deutonymph, lateral view (musclem.pdv out of focus); B – adult hysterosoma, dorsal view, showing major organs; C – same, lateral view (one fascicle of musclem.pdv out of focus); D – as in C, closeup of humeral region; E – adult, anterior hysterosoma, showing some proterosomal retractor muscles. Scale bars 50 µm (A-C, E); 20 µm (D)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7945676" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7945676/files/figure.png" pageId="17" pageNumber="1005">Fig. 6A</figureCitation>
) and each inserts via tendon just medial to the leg IV insertion (
<emphasis id="F5836E478D16F621FE63B791FDA3F905" box="[499,558,1746,1770]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="1005">t.mdv</emphasis>
;
<figureCitation id="5FCCAED08D16F621FDAEB791FD53F905" box="[574,734,1746,1770]" captionStart="Figure 4" captionStartId="12.[119,192,1875,1896]" captionTargetBox="[106,1479,282,1811]" captionTargetId="figure-2@12.[103,1494,262,1822]" captionTargetPageId="12" captionText="Figure 4 Eulohmannia ribagai(Berlese), nymphs (appendages incompletely shown): A – protonymph, ventral view (prodorsum incomplete); B – deutonymph, ventral view of hysterosoma; C – tritonymph, dorsal view; D – tritonymph, ventral view; E – tritonymph, partial dorsal view of gastronotum showing artifactual transverse crease (see text, R3). Scale bars 100 µm: A, B to same scale, C-E to same scale." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7945672" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7945672/files/figure.png" pageId="17" pageNumber="1005">Figs 4A, B, D</figureCitation>
). The larva, with its proportionally shorter hysterosoma, lacks
<emphasis id="F5836E478D16F621FAEFB791FA48F905" box="[1407,1477,1746,1770]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="1005">m.mdv</emphasis>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="C748B2558D16F621FE7BB7B7FA6FF8E3" blockId="17.[491,1556,229,2045]" box="[491,1506,1780,1804]" pageId="17" pageNumber="1005">but the posterior dorsoventral muscles (see below) have an analogous middle position.(cfFig.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="C748B2558D16F621FE7BB654FBE6F8BE" blockId="17.[491,1556,229,2045]" pageId="17" pageNumber="1005">
3C;
<emphasis id="F5836E478D16F621FD89B654FDC0F8C0" box="[537,589,1815,1839]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="1005">t.pdv</emphasis>
). The adult also lacks
<emphasis id="F5836E478D16F621FCD3B654FC04F8C0" box="[835,905,1815,1839]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="1005">m.mdv</emphasis>
(
<figureCitation id="5FCCAED08D16F621FC0AB654FC7BF8C0" box="[922,1014,1815,1839]" captionStart="Figure 6" captionStartId="14.[119,192,1930,1951]" captionTargetBox="[103,1494,221,1877]" captionTargetId="figure-2@14.[103,1494,221,1877]" captionTargetPageId="14" captionText="Figure 6 Eulohmannia ribagai(Berlese), uncleared specimens in glycerine: A – deutonymph, lateral view (musclem.pdv out of focus); B – adult hysterosoma, dorsal view, showing major organs; C – same, lateral view (one fascicle of musclem.pdv out of focus); D – as in C, closeup of humeral region; E – adult, anterior hysterosoma, showing some proterosomal retractor muscles. Scale bars 50 µm (A-C, E); 20 µm (D)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7945676" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7945676/files/figure.png" pageId="17" pageNumber="1005">Fig. 6C</figureCitation>
), perhaps due to different force requirements associated with the presence and organization of sclerites.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="C748B2558D16F622FD83B61FFA7FF87A" blockId="17.[491,1556,229,2045]" lastBlockId="18.[117,1522,1897,2077]" lastPageId="18" lastPageNumber="1006" pageId="17" pageNumber="1005">
Setation of the propodosomal venter is normal for oribatid mites, with most setae being smooth or weakly barbed (lengths given in
<tableCitation id="8A7587EE8D16F621FC75B63DFBBAF879" box="[997,1079,1918,1942]" captionStart="Table 1" captionStartId="16.[119,178,1358,1379]" captionText="Table 1 Length (in µm) of body setae in New York population ofEulohmannia ribagai(Berlese, 1910) during ontogeny (data from 2–4 individuals of each instar)." pageId="17" pageNumber="1005">Table 1</tableCitation>
); in all instars epimeres I and II have three and one pairs, respectively. Seta
<emphasis id="F5836E478D16F621FC1AB6E3FC2EF857" box="[906,931,1952,1976]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="1005">1c</emphasis>
has the usual scale-like form in the larva (
<figureCitation id="5FCCAED08D16F621FAE6B6E3FA5DF857" box="[1398,1488,1952,1976]" captionStart="Figure 8" captionStartId="18.[119,192,1897,1918]" captionTargetBox="[118,1479,221,1843]" captionTargetId="figure-2@18.[118,1479,221,1843]" captionTargetPageId="18" captionText="Figure 8 Eulohmannia ribagai(Berlese): A – larva, region of right leg II insertion, ventral view, showing Claparède’s organ (insert = closeup of protective scale, seta 1c); B – adult, ventrosejugal region; C – adult, podosomal region, ventral view (uncleared specimen in glycerine * = extrinsic leg III muscle inserting onap.sj); D – insertions of legs I, II, ventrolateral view, showing declivity bordered by ridger2 (* = articulation of trochanter); E – cleared adult, cross section at level of apodeme 1, anterior view; F – same, at level of apodeme 2, posterior view; G – supracoxal seta eI of two different adults from New York; H – same, from eastern Canada (top Nova Scotia, bottom New Brunswick with one broken tine); I – same, from northwestern North America (from top: Alberta, two examples from Northwest Territories, Alaska); J – same, from Palaearctic populations (from top: two examples from Sweden, Germany (tritonymph), Khabarovsk). Scale bars 20 µm (C-F); 10 µm (A, B); 5 µm (G-J, to same scale)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7945680" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7945680/files/figure.png" pageId="17" pageNumber="1005">Fig. 8A</figureCitation>
), covering the tip of Claparède’s organ when the latter is retracted, and is a simple seta in later instars. In all instars, supracoxal seta
<emphasis id="F5836E478D16F621FC11B6A5FC1BF812" box="[897,918,2022,2045]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="1005">eI</emphasis>
is inserted posterodorsal to leg I; it is small, with an ;
</paragraph>
<caption id="9388E2DD8D15F622FFE7B62AFE14F7F2" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7945680" ID-Zenodo-Dep="7945680" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7945680/files/figure.png" pageId="18" pageNumber="1006" startId="18.[119,192,1897,1918]" targetBox="[118,1479,221,1843]" targetPageId="18" targetType="figure">
<paragraph id="C748B2558D15F622FFE7B62AFE14F7F2" blockId="18.[117,1522,1897,2077]" pageId="18" pageNumber="1006">
<emphasis id="F5836E478D15F622FFE7B62AFF5CF891" bold="true" box="[119,209,1897,1918]" pageId="18" pageNumber="1006">Figure 8</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="00F7C9D68D15F622FF48B62AFD8BF890" authority="(Berlese)" baseAuthorityName="Berlese" baseAuthorityYear="1910" box="[216,518,1897,1919]" class="Arachnida" family="Eulohmanniidae" genus="Eulohmannia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Sarcoptiformes" pageId="18" pageNumber="1006" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="ribagai">
<emphasis id="F5836E478D15F622FF48B62AFE26F890" box="[216,427,1897,1919]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="1006">Eulohmannia ribagai</emphasis>
(Berlese)
</taxonomicName>
: A – larva, region of right leg II insertion, ventral view, showing Claparède’s organ (insert = closeup of protective scale, seta
<emphasis id="F5836E478D15F622FEF6B63CFEF0F87A" box="[358,381,1919,1941]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="1006">1c</emphasis>
); B – adult, ventrosejugal region; C – adult, podosomal region, ventral view (uncleared specimen in glycerine * = extrinsic leg III muscle inserting on
<emphasis id="F5836E478D15F622FD94B6D4FDBFF843" box="[516,562,1943,1964]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="1006">ap.sj</emphasis>
); D – insertions of legs I, II, ventrolateral view, showing declivity bordered by ridge
<emphasis id="F5836E478D15F622FAEFB6D5FA19F843" box="[1407,1428,1942,1964]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="1006">r2</emphasis>
(* = articulation of trochanter); E – cleared adult, cross section at level of apodeme 1, anterior view; F – same, at level of apodeme 2, posterior view; G – supracoxal seta
<emphasis id="F5836E478D15F622FEA9B687FEC1F836" box="[313,332,1988,2009]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="1006">eI</emphasis>
of two different adults from New York; H – same, from eastern Canada (top Nova Scotia, bottom New Brunswick with one broken tine); I – same, from northwestern North America (from top: Alberta, two examples from Northwest Territories, Alaska); J – same, from Palaearctic populations (from top: two examples from Sweden, Germany (tritonymph), Khabarovsk). Scale bars 20 µm (C-F); 10 µm (A, B); 5 µm (G-J, to same scale).
</paragraph>
</caption>
<paragraph id="C748B2558D14F623FE7BB1A6FC6BFE45" blockId="19.[491,1538,229,2050]" pageId="19" pageNumber="1007">
isodiametric stem and distal bifurcation of two acuminate tines. The symmetry of the tines and relative proportion of tines to stem varies within populations, but the most equal tine: stem ratios were seen in some NY specimens (
<figureCitation id="5FCCAED08D14F623FC3BB069FB8BFEAD" box="[939,1030,298,322]" captionStart="Figure 8" captionStartId="18.[119,192,1897,1918]" captionTargetBox="[118,1479,221,1843]" captionTargetId="figure-2@18.[118,1479,221,1843]" captionTargetPageId="18" captionText="Figure 8 Eulohmannia ribagai(Berlese): A – larva, region of right leg II insertion, ventral view, showing Claparède’s organ (insert = closeup of protective scale, seta 1c); B – adult, ventrosejugal region; C – adult, podosomal region, ventral view (uncleared specimen in glycerine * = extrinsic leg III muscle inserting onap.sj); D – insertions of legs I, II, ventrolateral view, showing declivity bordered by ridger2 (* = articulation of trochanter); E – cleared adult, cross section at level of apodeme 1, anterior view; F – same, at level of apodeme 2, posterior view; G – supracoxal seta eI of two different adults from New York; H – same, from eastern Canada (top Nova Scotia, bottom New Brunswick with one broken tine); I – same, from northwestern North America (from top: Alberta, two examples from Northwest Territories, Alaska); J – same, from Palaearctic populations (from top: two examples from Sweden, Germany (tritonymph), Khabarovsk). Scale bars 20 µm (C-F); 10 µm (A, B); 5 µm (G-J, to same scale)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7945680" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7945680/files/figure.png" pageId="19" pageNumber="1007">Fig. 8G</figureCitation>
, bottom), while proportionally short tines were more often seen in European specimens (e.g.,
<figureCitation id="5FCCAED08D14F623FB8DB00EFBE3FE8A" box="[1053,1134,333,357]" captionStart="Figure 8" captionStartId="18.[119,192,1897,1918]" captionTargetBox="[118,1479,221,1843]" captionTargetId="figure-2@18.[118,1479,221,1843]" captionTargetPageId="18" captionText="Figure 8 Eulohmannia ribagai(Berlese): A – larva, region of right leg II insertion, ventral view, showing Claparède’s organ (insert = closeup of protective scale, seta 1c); B – adult, ventrosejugal region; C – adult, podosomal region, ventral view (uncleared specimen in glycerine * = extrinsic leg III muscle inserting onap.sj); D – insertions of legs I, II, ventrolateral view, showing declivity bordered by ridger2 (* = articulation of trochanter); E – cleared adult, cross section at level of apodeme 1, anterior view; F – same, at level of apodeme 2, posterior view; G – supracoxal seta eI of two different adults from New York; H – same, from eastern Canada (top Nova Scotia, bottom New Brunswick with one broken tine); I – same, from northwestern North America (from top: Alberta, two examples from Northwest Territories, Alaska); J – same, from Palaearctic populations (from top: two examples from Sweden, Germany (tritonymph), Khabarovsk). Scale bars 20 µm (C-F); 10 µm (A, B); 5 µm (G-J, to same scale)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7945680" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7945680/files/figure.png" pageId="19" pageNumber="1007">Fig. 8J</figureCitation>
, top; see
<bibRefCitation id="A366CFA48D14F623FB46B00EFAF8FE8A" author="Fujikawa T." box="[1238,1397,333,357]" pageId="19" pageNumber="1007" pagination="1 - 10" refId="ref49297" refString="Fujikawa T. 2014. The second representative of the family Eulohmanniidae Grandjean, 1931 (Acari, Oribatida) from Japan. Edaphologia, 93: 1 - 10." type="journal article" year="2014">Fujikawa 2014</bibRefCitation>
), and in northern
<collectingCountry id="BFE0F2C58D14F623FDDFB02CFD28FE68" box="[591,677,367,391]" name="Canada" pageId="19" pageNumber="1007">Canada</collectingCountry>
(
<figureCitation id="5FCCAED08D14F623FD24B02CFC8CFE68" box="[692,769,367,391]" captionStart="Figure 8" captionStartId="18.[119,192,1897,1918]" captionTargetBox="[118,1479,221,1843]" captionTargetId="figure-2@18.[118,1479,221,1843]" captionTargetPageId="18" captionText="Figure 8 Eulohmannia ribagai(Berlese): A – larva, region of right leg II insertion, ventral view, showing Claparède’s organ (insert = closeup of protective scale, seta 1c); B – adult, ventrosejugal region; C – adult, podosomal region, ventral view (uncleared specimen in glycerine * = extrinsic leg III muscle inserting onap.sj); D – insertions of legs I, II, ventrolateral view, showing declivity bordered by ridger2 (* = articulation of trochanter); E – cleared adult, cross section at level of apodeme 1, anterior view; F – same, at level of apodeme 2, posterior view; G – supracoxal seta eI of two different adults from New York; H – same, from eastern Canada (top Nova Scotia, bottom New Brunswick with one broken tine); I – same, from northwestern North America (from top: Alberta, two examples from Northwest Territories, Alaska); J – same, from Palaearctic populations (from top: two examples from Sweden, Germany (tritonymph), Khabarovsk). Scale bars 20 µm (C-F); 10 µm (A, B); 5 µm (G-J, to same scale)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7945680" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7945680/files/figure.png" pageId="19" pageNumber="1007">Fig. 8I</figureCitation>
, bottom). Tines sometimes were broken (
<figureCitation id="5FCCAED08D14F623FB50B02CFA95FE68" box="[1216,1304,367,391]" captionStart="Figure 8" captionStartId="18.[119,192,1897,1918]" captionTargetBox="[118,1479,221,1843]" captionTargetId="figure-2@18.[118,1479,221,1843]" captionTargetPageId="18" captionText="Figure 8 Eulohmannia ribagai(Berlese): A – larva, region of right leg II insertion, ventral view, showing Claparède’s organ (insert = closeup of protective scale, seta 1c); B – adult, ventrosejugal region; C – adult, podosomal region, ventral view (uncleared specimen in glycerine * = extrinsic leg III muscle inserting onap.sj); D – insertions of legs I, II, ventrolateral view, showing declivity bordered by ridger2 (* = articulation of trochanter); E – cleared adult, cross section at level of apodeme 1, anterior view; F – same, at level of apodeme 2, posterior view; G – supracoxal seta eI of two different adults from New York; H – same, from eastern Canada (top Nova Scotia, bottom New Brunswick with one broken tine); I – same, from northwestern North America (from top: Alberta, two examples from Northwest Territories, Alaska); J – same, from Palaearctic populations (from top: two examples from Sweden, Germany (tritonymph), Khabarovsk). Scale bars 20 µm (C-F); 10 µm (A, B); 5 µm (G-J, to same scale)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7945680" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7945680/files/figure.png" pageId="19" pageNumber="1007">Fig. 8H</figureCitation>
, bottom) and in one case a tine was abnormally short and bulbous.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="C748B2558D14F623FD83B0F7FA47FD0F" blockId="19.[491,1538,229,2050]" pageId="19" pageNumber="1007">
On the metapodosoma, the setation of epimere III also appears to have a development normal for oribatid mites: in all studied specimens, there are two pairs in the larva, three in the protonymph and four in subsequent instars (R11). The setation of epimere IV is complicated by a progressive neotrichy that appears to begin with the first formation of the epimere in the protonymph, where there are three pairs in the vicinity of legs IV (
<figureCitation id="5FCCAED08D14F623FB2CB37DFA9AFDB9" box="[1212,1303,574,598]" captionStart="Figure 4" captionStartId="12.[119,192,1875,1896]" captionTargetBox="[106,1479,282,1811]" captionTargetId="figure-2@12.[103,1494,262,1822]" captionTargetPageId="12" captionText="Figure 4 Eulohmannia ribagai(Berlese), nymphs (appendages incompletely shown): A – protonymph, ventral view (prodorsum incomplete); B – deutonymph, ventral view of hysterosoma; C – tritonymph, dorsal view; D – tritonymph, ventral view; E – tritonymph, partial dorsal view of gastronotum showing artifactual transverse crease (see text, R3). Scale bars 100 µm: A, B to same scale, C-E to same scale." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7945672" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7945672/files/figure.png" pageId="19" pageNumber="1007">Fig. 4A</figureCitation>
, all marked ‘4’); this contrasts with the usual complement in oribatid mites, where the protonymph has a single pair of epimere IV setae (
<bibRefCitation id="A366CFA48D14F623FD5AB3C0FC0EFD74" author="Grandjean F." box="[714,899,643,667]" pageId="19" pageNumber="1007" pagination="504 - 512" refId="ref49618" refString="Grandjean F. 1934 c. Les poils des epimeres chez les Oribates (Acariens). Bull. Mus. nat. Hist. natur. (2), 6: 504 - 512." type="journal article" year="1934">Grandjean 1934c</bibRefCitation>
). The two pairs near the genital aperture (
<emphasis id="F5836E478D14F623FAD5B3C7FADCFD74" box="[1349,1361,644,667]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="1007">x</emphasis>
,
<emphasis id="F5836E478D14F623FACEB3C7FAE7FD74" box="[1374,1386,644,667]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="1007">y</emphasis>
) probably do not belong to epimere IV (R11, R13). In subsequent instars, setae are added to the region of epimere IV but the absence of epimeral borders makes the number equivocal (
<figureCitation id="5FCCAED08D14F623FAD2B38BFA30FD0F" box="[1346,1469,712,736]" captionStart="Figure 4" captionStartId="12.[119,192,1875,1896]" captionTargetBox="[106,1479,282,1811]" captionTargetId="figure-2@12.[103,1494,262,1822]" captionTargetPageId="12" captionText="Figure 4 Eulohmannia ribagai(Berlese), nymphs (appendages incompletely shown): A – protonymph, ventral view (prodorsum incomplete); B – deutonymph, ventral view of hysterosoma; C – tritonymph, dorsal view; D – tritonymph, ventral view; E – tritonymph, partial dorsal view of gastronotum showing artifactual transverse crease (see text, R3). Scale bars 100 µm: A, B to same scale, C-E to same scale." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7945672" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7945672/files/figure.png" pageId="19" pageNumber="1007">Fig. 4B, D</figureCitation>
).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="C748B2558D14F623FD83B3A8FC43FA7E" blockId="19.[491,1538,229,2050]" pageId="19" pageNumber="1007">
<emphasis id="F5836E478D14F623FD83B3A8FCA4FCEC" bold="true" box="[531,809,747,771]" pageId="19" pageNumber="1007">Genital-aggenital region</emphasis>
(
<figureCitation id="5FCCAED08D14F623FCA2B3A9FCFBFCED" box="[818,886,746,770]" captionStart="Figure 3" captionStartId="11.[119,192,1988,2009]" captionTargetBox="[114,1483,236,1924]" captionTargetId="figure-2@11.[103,1494,221,1934]" captionTargetPageId="11" captionText="Figure 3 Eulohmannia ribagai(Berlese), larva (appendages incompletely shown): A – dorsal view B – posterior view of hysterosoma; C – ventral view; D – lateral view. Scale bar 100 µm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7945668" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7945668/files/figure.png" pageId="19" pageNumber="1007">Figs 3</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="5FCCAED08D14F623FC10B3A9FC02FCED" box="[896,911,746,770]" captionStart="Figure 4" captionStartId="12.[119,192,1875,1896]" captionTargetBox="[106,1479,282,1811]" captionTargetId="figure-2@12.[103,1494,262,1822]" captionTargetPageId="12" captionText="Figure 4 Eulohmannia ribagai(Berlese), nymphs (appendages incompletely shown): A – protonymph, ventral view (prodorsum incomplete); B – deutonymph, ventral view of hysterosoma; C – tritonymph, dorsal view; D – tritonymph, ventral view; E – tritonymph, partial dorsal view of gastronotum showing artifactual transverse crease (see text, R3). Scale bars 100 µm: A, B to same scale, C-E to same scale." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7945672" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7945672/files/figure.png" pageId="19" pageNumber="1007">4</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="5FCCAED08D14F623FC09B3A9FC2EFCED" box="[921,931,746,770]" captionStart="Figure 9" captionStartId="20.[119,192,1930,1951]" captionTargetBox="[103,1494,221,1877]" captionTargetId="figure-2@20.[103,1494,221,1877]" captionTargetPageId="20" captionText="Figure 9 Eulohmannia ribagai(Berlese): A – genital region of female, ventral view (focused inside genital vestibule; white arrow on soft cuticle partially isolating part of aggenital sclerite); B – tritonymph, insertions of tendons from two fascicles of posterior dorsoventral muscle (separate insertions at top, partly attached insertions at bottom); C – posterior half of hysterosoma, ventrolateral view, showing two fascicles of posterior dorsoventral muscles (adult female from China); D – male spermatopositor (specimen from NW Territories, Canada); E – sagittal view of female genital region in polarized light, showing ovipositor (setaeτ3, τ4 out of focus) and layered articulating cuticle between genital and anal plates; F – ovipositor, unpaired ventral lobe seenen face. Scale bars 20 µm (C); 10 µm (A, B); 5 µm (D-F)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7945682" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7945682/files/figure.png" pageId="19" pageNumber="1007">9</figureCitation>
) — Beginning with its appearance in the protonymph, the small genital aperture is positioned unusually far posteriorly, at about two-thirds the length of the hysterosoma and removed by its length, or less, from the anal aperture. Collectively, the valves have an oval or slightly obovate outline, without marginal tecta. The aperture length increases during ontogeny from less than a third that of the anal aperture (as seen in ventral view, so slightly foreshortened) to about half the anal aperture length in tritonymph and adult (cf.
<figureCitation id="5FCCAED08D14F623FD8CB2FAFD13FC3E" box="[540,670,953,977]" captionStart="Figure 4" captionStartId="12.[119,192,1875,1896]" captionTargetBox="[106,1479,282,1811]" captionTargetId="figure-2@12.[103,1494,262,1822]" captionTargetPageId="12" captionText="Figure 4 Eulohmannia ribagai(Berlese), nymphs (appendages incompletely shown): A – protonymph, ventral view (prodorsum incomplete); B – deutonymph, ventral view of hysterosoma; C – tritonymph, dorsal view; D – tritonymph, ventral view; E – tritonymph, partial dorsal view of gastronotum showing artifactual transverse crease (see text, R3). Scale bars 100 µm: A, B to same scale, C-E to same scale." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7945672" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7945672/files/figure.png" pageId="19" pageNumber="1007">Fig. 4A, D</figureCitation>
). In the adult, a pair of parenthetic arms of the sclerotized aggenital region partially envelop the genital aperture but do not close behind it; the end of an arm often is partially or fully separated (usually asymmetrically) as a small island-like sclerite (
<figureCitation id="5FCCAED08D14F623FAE6B2BDFA5DFBF9" box="[1398,1488,1022,1046]" captionStart="Figure 9" captionStartId="20.[119,192,1930,1951]" captionTargetBox="[103,1494,221,1877]" captionTargetId="figure-2@20.[103,1494,221,1877]" captionTargetPageId="20" captionText="Figure 9 Eulohmannia ribagai(Berlese): A – genital region of female, ventral view (focused inside genital vestibule; white arrow on soft cuticle partially isolating part of aggenital sclerite); B – tritonymph, insertions of tendons from two fascicles of posterior dorsoventral muscle (separate insertions at top, partly attached insertions at bottom); C – posterior half of hysterosoma, ventrolateral view, showing two fascicles of posterior dorsoventral muscles (adult female from China); D – male spermatopositor (specimen from NW Territories, Canada); E – sagittal view of female genital region in polarized light, showing ovipositor (setaeτ3, τ4 out of focus) and layered articulating cuticle between genital and anal plates; F – ovipositor, unpaired ventral lobe seenen face. Scale bars 20 µm (C); 10 µm (A, B); 5 µm (D-F)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7945682" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7945682/files/figure.png" pageId="19" pageNumber="1007">Fig. 9A</figureCitation>
;
<bibRefCitation id="A366CFA48D14F623FE7BB562FD27FBD6" author="Grandjean F." box="[491,682,1057,1081]" pageId="19" pageNumber="1007" pagination="282 - 289" refId="ref50505" refString="Grandjean F. 1956 b. Observations sur les Oribates (35 e serie). Bull. Mus. nat. Hist. natur. (2), 28: 282 - 289." type="journal article" year="1956">Grandjean 1956b</bibRefCitation>
, his
<figureCitation id="5FCCAED08D14F623FD4EB562FCB6FBD6" box="[734,827,1057,1081]" captionStart="Figure 1" captionStartId="8.[119,192,1930,1951]" captionTargetBox="[103,1494,221,1877]" captionTargetId="figure-2@8.[103,1494,221,1877]" captionTargetPageId="8" captionText="Figure 1 Eulohmannia ribagai(Berlese): A – larva, lateral view, epi-illumination; B – tritonymph, same; C – living adult, stereomicroscope (arrow to cervical collar); D – gravid female, with single egg (provenance uncertain, photo D.E. Walter); E – tritonymph, lateral view of gastronotum contour, with epicuticle separated by clearing; F – same, closeup optical section in polarized light; G – adult, notogastral cuticle at edge of sagittal section; H – tritonymph, right gastronotic setaec1, c2 and lyrifissureia (lower left insert = im from adult, right =im from deutonymph, showing canal). Scale bars 100 µm (A-D); 20 µm (E); 10 µm (H); 2 µm (F, G)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7945664" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7945664/files/figure.png" pageId="19" pageNumber="1007">Fig. 1A</figureCitation>
). Behind the genital plates is a transverse band of unsclerotized cuticle that merges laterally with articulations
<emphasis id="F5836E478D14F623FC74B500FB80FBB4" box="[996,1037,1091,1115]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="1007">bpv</emphasis>
and
<emphasis id="F5836E478D14F623FBD1B507FBD1FBB4" box="[1089,1116,1092,1115]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="1007">na</emphasis>
, and like them it shows layered procuticle in polarized light (
<figureCitation id="5FCCAED08D14F623FCBEB526FC2CFB92" box="[814,929,1125,1149]" captionStart="Figure 9" captionStartId="20.[119,192,1930,1951]" captionTargetBox="[103,1494,221,1877]" captionTargetId="figure-2@20.[103,1494,221,1877]" captionTargetPageId="20" captionText="Figure 9 Eulohmannia ribagai(Berlese): A – genital region of female, ventral view (focused inside genital vestibule; white arrow on soft cuticle partially isolating part of aggenital sclerite); B – tritonymph, insertions of tendons from two fascicles of posterior dorsoventral muscle (separate insertions at top, partly attached insertions at bottom); C – posterior half of hysterosoma, ventrolateral view, showing two fascicles of posterior dorsoventral muscles (adult female from China); D – male spermatopositor (specimen from NW Territories, Canada); E – sagittal view of female genital region in polarized light, showing ovipositor (setaeτ3, τ4 out of focus) and layered articulating cuticle between genital and anal plates; F – ovipositor, unpaired ventral lobe seenen face. Scale bars 20 µm (C); 10 µm (A, B); 5 µm (D-F)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7945682" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7945682/files/figure.png" pageId="19" pageNumber="1007">Fig. 9A, E</figureCitation>
). Lateral to the genital valves (and in a similar position in the larva) tendons of the paired posterior dorsoventral muscles
<emphasis id="F5836E478D14F623FB50B5CBFB78FB4F" box="[1216,1269,1160,1184]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="1007">t.pdv</emphasis>
() insert via minute hardened projections (one per muscle fiber) at a location halfway between the midline and the lateral contour (
<figureCitation id="5FCCAED08D14F623FD50B58EFC96FB0A" box="[704,795,1229,1253]" captionStart="Figure 3" captionStartId="11.[119,192,1988,2009]" captionTargetBox="[114,1483,236,1924]" captionTargetId="figure-2@11.[103,1494,221,1934]" captionTargetPageId="11" captionText="Figure 3 Eulohmannia ribagai(Berlese), larva (appendages incompletely shown): A – dorsal view B – posterior view of hysterosoma; C – ventral view; D – lateral view. Scale bar 100 µm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7945668" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7945668/files/figure.png" pageId="19" pageNumber="1007">Figs 3A</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="5FCCAED08D14F623FCB6B58EFC04FB0A" box="[806,905,1229,1253]" captionStart="Figure 4" captionStartId="12.[119,192,1875,1896]" captionTargetBox="[106,1479,282,1811]" captionTargetId="figure-2@12.[103,1494,262,1822]" captionTargetPageId="12" captionText="Figure 4 Eulohmannia ribagai(Berlese), nymphs (appendages incompletely shown): A – protonymph, ventral view (prodorsum incomplete); B – deutonymph, ventral view of hysterosoma; C – tritonymph, dorsal view; D – tritonymph, ventral view; E – tritonymph, partial dorsal view of gastronotum showing artifactual transverse crease (see text, R3). Scale bars 100 µm: A, B to same scale, C-E to same scale." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7945672" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7945672/files/figure.png" pageId="19" pageNumber="1007">4A, B, D</figureCitation>
). The muscles (
<emphasis id="F5836E478D14F623FBBFB58EFBE2FB0A" box="[1071,1135,1229,1253]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="1007">m.pdv</emphasis>
;
<figureCitation id="5FCCAED08D14F623FBEEB58EFB76FB0A" box="[1150,1275,1229,1253]" captionStart="Figure 6" captionStartId="14.[119,192,1930,1951]" captionTargetBox="[103,1494,221,1877]" captionTargetId="figure-2@14.[103,1494,221,1877]" captionTargetPageId="14" captionText="Figure 6 Eulohmannia ribagai(Berlese), uncleared specimens in glycerine: A – deutonymph, lateral view (musclem.pdv out of focus); B – adult hysterosoma, dorsal view, showing major organs; C – same, lateral view (one fascicle of musclem.pdv out of focus); D – as in C, closeup of humeral region; E – adult, anterior hysterosoma, showing some proterosomal retractor muscles. Scale bars 50 µm (A-C, E); 20 µm (D)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7945676" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7945676/files/figure.png" pageId="19" pageNumber="1007">Figs 6B, C</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="5FCCAED08D14F623FA97B58EFAAFFB0A" box="[1287,1314,1229,1253]" captionStart="Figure 9" captionStartId="20.[119,192,1930,1951]" captionTargetBox="[103,1494,221,1877]" captionTargetId="figure-2@20.[103,1494,221,1877]" captionTargetPageId="20" captionText="Figure 9 Eulohmannia ribagai(Berlese): A – genital region of female, ventral view (focused inside genital vestibule; white arrow on soft cuticle partially isolating part of aggenital sclerite); B – tritonymph, insertions of tendons from two fascicles of posterior dorsoventral muscle (separate insertions at top, partly attached insertions at bottom); C – posterior half of hysterosoma, ventrolateral view, showing two fascicles of posterior dorsoventral muscles (adult female from China); D – male spermatopositor (specimen from NW Territories, Canada); E – sagittal view of female genital region in polarized light, showing ovipositor (setaeτ3, τ4 out of focus) and layered articulating cuticle between genital and anal plates; F – ovipositor, unpaired ventral lobe seenen face. Scale bars 20 µm (C); 10 µm (A, B); 5 µm (D-F)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7945682" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7945682/files/figure.png" pageId="19" pageNumber="1007">9C</figureCitation>
) originate in the region ventral to notogastral setae
<emphasis id="F5836E478D14F623FCF2B5ACFCE4FAE8" box="[866,873,1263,1287]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="1007">f</emphasis>
<subScript id="5B73B0108D14F623FCFFB5B8FCF8FAE3" attach="left" box="[879,885,1275,1292]" fontSize="7" pageId="19" pageNumber="1007">2</subScript>
and
<emphasis id="F5836E478D14F623FC20B5ACFC30FAE8" box="[944,957,1263,1287]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="1007">h</emphasis>
<subScript id="5B73B0108D14F623FC2DB5B8FC4EFAE3" attach="left" box="[957,963,1275,1292]" fontSize="7" pageId="19" pageNumber="1007">3</subScript>
, so probably function in controlling hemocoel pressure. There is a single pair of tendons in the larva, proto- and usually the deutonymph, but two adjacent tendons and insertion points in the tritonymph and adult. When two are present, their insertions may be separate or connected (
<figureCitation id="5FCCAED08D14F623FC78B414FBB3FA80" box="[1000,1086,1367,1391]" captionStart="Figure 9" captionStartId="20.[119,192,1930,1951]" captionTargetBox="[103,1494,221,1877]" captionTargetId="figure-2@20.[103,1494,221,1877]" captionTargetPageId="20" captionText="Figure 9 Eulohmannia ribagai(Berlese): A – genital region of female, ventral view (focused inside genital vestibule; white arrow on soft cuticle partially isolating part of aggenital sclerite); B – tritonymph, insertions of tendons from two fascicles of posterior dorsoventral muscle (separate insertions at top, partly attached insertions at bottom); C – posterior half of hysterosoma, ventrolateral view, showing two fascicles of posterior dorsoventral muscles (adult female from China); D – male spermatopositor (specimen from NW Territories, Canada); E – sagittal view of female genital region in polarized light, showing ovipositor (setaeτ3, τ4 out of focus) and layered articulating cuticle between genital and anal plates; F – ovipositor, unpaired ventral lobe seenen face. Scale bars 20 µm (C); 10 µm (A, B); 5 µm (D-F)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7945682" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7945682/files/figure.png" pageId="19" pageNumber="1007">Fig. 9B</figureCitation>
). In the adult, these lie in tandem along the margin of the aggenital plate (
<figureCitation id="5FCCAED08D14F623FCFBB43AFC4FFA7E" box="[875,962,1401,1425]" captionStart="Figure 9" captionStartId="20.[119,192,1930,1951]" captionTargetBox="[103,1494,221,1877]" captionTargetId="figure-2@20.[103,1494,221,1877]" captionTargetPageId="20" captionText="Figure 9 Eulohmannia ribagai(Berlese): A – genital region of female, ventral view (focused inside genital vestibule; white arrow on soft cuticle partially isolating part of aggenital sclerite); B – tritonymph, insertions of tendons from two fascicles of posterior dorsoventral muscle (separate insertions at top, partly attached insertions at bottom); C – posterior half of hysterosoma, ventrolateral view, showing two fascicles of posterior dorsoventral muscles (adult female from China); D – male spermatopositor (specimen from NW Territories, Canada); E – sagittal view of female genital region in polarized light, showing ovipositor (setaeτ3, τ4 out of focus) and layered articulating cuticle between genital and anal plates; F – ovipositor, unpaired ventral lobe seenen face. Scale bars 20 µm (C); 10 µm (A, B); 5 µm (D-F)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7945682" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7945682/files/figure.png" pageId="19" pageNumber="1007">Fig. 9A</figureCitation>
).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="C748B2558D14F623FD83B4DFFA10F8BE" blockId="19.[491,1538,229,2050]" pageId="19" pageNumber="1007">
Setae in this region are relatively small (
<tableCitation id="8A7587EE8D14F623FC2CB4DFFB81FA5B" box="[956,1036,1436,1460]" captionStart="Table 1" captionStartId="16.[119,178,1358,1379]" captionText="Table 1 Length (in µm) of body setae in New York population ofEulohmannia ribagai(Berlese, 1910) during ontogeny (data from 2–4 individuals of each instar)." pageId="19" pageNumber="1007">Table 1</tableCitation>
), attenuate, smooth or weakly barbed. Those of the genital valves follow an ontogenetic formula (Pn to Ad) of 1-4-7-9. We encountered no variation in this development in juveniles, or in females from Nearctic or European populations, but literature reports of the adult genital setation vary significantly (R12), and we have noted variation (7-9 pairs) in studied males (see below). Setation in the aggenital region develops as part of the increasing ventral plate neotrichy, and no aggenital setae can be unequivocally identified. Allowing for the posterior displacement of the genital aperture, setae
<emphasis id="F5836E478D14F623FAF3B728FAE2F96D" box="[1379,1391,1643,1666]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="1007">x</emphasis>
and
<emphasis id="F5836E478D14F623FA37B728FA3EF96D" box="[1447,1459,1643,1666]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="1007">y</emphasis>
of the larva and protonymph (
<figureCitation id="5FCCAED08D14F623FCADB7CEFC1BF94A" box="[829,918,1677,1701]" captionStart="Figure 3" captionStartId="11.[119,192,1988,2009]" captionTargetBox="[114,1483,236,1924]" captionTargetId="figure-2@11.[103,1494,221,1934]" captionTargetPageId="11" captionText="Figure 3 Eulohmannia ribagai(Berlese), larva (appendages incompletely shown): A – dorsal view B – posterior view of hysterosoma; C – ventral view; D – lateral view. Scale bar 100 µm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7945668" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7945668/files/figure.png" pageId="19" pageNumber="1007">Figs 3C</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="5FCCAED08D14F623FC32B7CEFC49F94A" box="[930,964,1677,1701]" captionStart="Figure 4" captionStartId="12.[119,192,1875,1896]" captionTargetBox="[106,1479,282,1811]" captionTargetId="figure-2@12.[103,1494,262,1822]" captionTargetPageId="12" captionText="Figure 4 Eulohmannia ribagai(Berlese), nymphs (appendages incompletely shown): A – protonymph, ventral view (prodorsum incomplete); B – deutonymph, ventral view of hysterosoma; C – tritonymph, dorsal view; D – tritonymph, ventral view; E – tritonymph, partial dorsal view of gastronotum showing artifactual transverse crease (see text, R3). Scale bars 100 µm: A, B to same scale, C-E to same scale." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7945672" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7945672/files/figure.png" pageId="19" pageNumber="1007">4A</figureCitation>
) might be precocious aggenital setae (R13), but subsequently they become lost in the increasing overall neotrichy of the ventral plate (
<figureCitation id="5FCCAED08D14F623FA08B7ECFD8CF905" captionStart="Figure 4" captionStartId="12.[119,192,1875,1896]" captionTargetBox="[106,1479,282,1811]" captionTargetId="figure-2@12.[103,1494,262,1822]" captionTargetPageId="12" captionText="Figure 4 Eulohmannia ribagai(Berlese), nymphs (appendages incompletely shown): A – protonymph, ventral view (prodorsum incomplete); B – deutonymph, ventral view of hysterosoma; C – tritonymph, dorsal view; D – tritonymph, ventral view; E – tritonymph, partial dorsal view of gastronotum showing artifactual transverse crease (see text, R3). Scale bars 100 µm: A, B to same scale, C-E to same scale." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7945672" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7945672/files/figure.png" pageId="19" pageNumber="1007">Fig. 4B, D</figureCitation>
). Collectively for epimere IV and the aggenital region, there are about 9-10 setae on each side in the deutonymph,
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the tritonymph and
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the adult. While this neotrichy has been called a ‘plethotrichy’ (
<bibRefCitation id="A366CFA48D14F623FCCEB654FBADF8C0" author="Grandjean F." box="[862,1056,1815,1839]" pageId="19" pageNumber="1007" pagination="282 - 289" refId="ref50505" refString="Grandjean F. 1956 b. Observations sur les Oribates (35 e serie). Bull. Mus. nat. Hist. natur. (2), 28: 282 - 289." type="journal article" year="1956">Grandjean 1956b</bibRefCitation>
), the setae seem mostly ordered in nearly symmetrical pairs, rather than being randomly placed or ‘chaotic’ (see
<bibRefCitation id="A366CFA48D14F623FB6AB679FA1FF8BE" author="Hammen L. van der" box="[1274,1426,1849,1873]" pageId="19" pageNumber="1007" refId="ref51018" refString="Hammen L. van der 1980. Glossary of Acarological Terminology. Volume I. General Terminology. The Hague: Dr. W. Junk Publ. pp. 244." type="book" year="1980">Hammen 1980</bibRefCitation>
).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="C748B2558D14F625FD83B61FFA7FFECF" blockId="19.[491,1538,229,2050]" lastBlockId="21.[489,1550,229,2045]" lastPageId="21" lastPageNumber="1009" pageId="19" pageNumber="1007">
The female ovipositor (
<figureCitation id="5FCCAED08D14F623FC87B61FFC03F89B" box="[791,910,1884,1908]" captionStart="Figure 9" captionStartId="20.[119,192,1930,1951]" captionTargetBox="[103,1494,221,1877]" captionTargetId="figure-2@20.[103,1494,221,1877]" captionTargetPageId="20" captionText="Figure 9 Eulohmannia ribagai(Berlese): A – genital region of female, ventral view (focused inside genital vestibule; white arrow on soft cuticle partially isolating part of aggenital sclerite); B – tritonymph, insertions of tendons from two fascicles of posterior dorsoventral muscle (separate insertions at top, partly attached insertions at bottom); C – posterior half of hysterosoma, ventrolateral view, showing two fascicles of posterior dorsoventral muscles (adult female from China); D – male spermatopositor (specimen from NW Territories, Canada); E – sagittal view of female genital region in polarized light, showing ovipositor (setaeτ3, τ4 out of focus) and layered articulating cuticle between genital and anal plates; F – ovipositor, unpaired ventral lobe seenen face. Scale bars 20 µm (C); 10 µm (A, B); 5 µm (D-F)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7945682" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7945682/files/figure.png" pageId="19" pageNumber="1007">Fig. 9E, F</figureCitation>
) is short and lacks coronal
<emphasis id="F5836E478D14F623FB55B61FFB5CF89B" box="[1221,1233,1884,1908]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="1007">k</emphasis>
() setae, but the three distal lobes have a normal setation of six pairs (
<bibRefCitation id="A366CFA48D14F623FB93B63DFB4FF879" author="Grandjean F." box="[1027,1218,1918,1942]" pageId="19" pageNumber="1007" pagination="96 - 106" refId="ref50465" refString="Grandjean F. 1956 a. Caracteres chitineux de l'ovipositor, en structure normale, chez les Oribates (Acariens). Arch Zool. exp. gen., Notes et Revue, 93: 96 - 106." type="journal article" year="1956">Grandjean 1956a</bibRefCitation>
; Ermilov 2011), all of which appear to be eupathidial. The unpaired ventral (posterior) lobe bears the long seta
<emphasis id="F5836E478D14F623FA3CB6E2FA31F857" box="[1452,1468,1953,1976]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="1007">ψ</emphasis>
<subScript id="5B73B0108D14F623FA2DB6EEFA4BF851" attach="left" box="[1469,1478,1965,1982]" fontSize="7" pageId="19" pageNumber="1007">1</subScript>
(28-32) and the shorter
<emphasis id="F5836E478D14F623FD78B687FD75F834" box="[744,760,1988,2011]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="1007">ψ</emphasis>
<subScript id="5B73B0108D14F623FD69B68CFD72F80F" attach="left" box="[761,767,1999,2016]" fontSize="7" pageId="19" pageNumber="1007">2</subScript>
(12-15); the paired dorsal (anterior) lobes have four short pairs,
<emphasis id="F5836E478D14F623FA2AB687FA49F834" box="[1466,1476,1988,2011]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="1007">τ</emphasis>
<subScript id="5B73B0108D14F623FA54B68CFA40F80F" attach="left" box="[1476,1485,1999,2016]" fontSize="7" pageId="19" pageNumber="1007">1</subScript>
(12-13) and the slightly shorter (10-11)
<emphasis id="F5836E478D14F623FC05B6A5FC12F812" box="[917,927,2022,2045]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="1007">τ</emphasis>
<subScript id="5B73B0108D14F623FC0FB6B2FC28F7ED" attach="left" box="[927,933,2033,2050]" fontSize="7" pageId="19" pageNumber="1007">2</subScript>
,
<emphasis id="F5836E478D14F623FC28B6A5FC4FF812" box="[952,962,2022,2045]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="1007">τ</emphasis>
<subScript id="5B73B0108D14F623FC53B6B2FC44F7ED" attach="left" box="[963,969,2033,2050]" fontSize="7" pageId="19" pageNumber="1007">3</subScript>
and
<emphasis id="F5836E478D14F623FB92B6A5FB81F812" box="[1026,1036,2022,2045]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="1007">τ</emphasis>
<subScript id="5B73B0108D14F623FB9CB6B2FB98F7ED" attach="left" box="[1036,1045,2033,2050]" fontSize="7" pageId="19" pageNumber="1007">4</subScript>
. Based on males from apparently sexual populations in northwestern North America (Reindeer Station and Fairbanks; see below), the small spermatopositor (
<figureCitation id="5FCCAED08D12F625FD77B04BFCB1FECF" box="[743,828,264,288]" captionStart="Figure 9" captionStartId="20.[119,192,1930,1951]" captionTargetBox="[103,1494,221,1877]" captionTargetId="figure-2@20.[103,1494,221,1877]" captionTargetPageId="20" captionText="Figure 9 Eulohmannia ribagai(Berlese): A – genital region of female, ventral view (focused inside genital vestibule; white arrow on soft cuticle partially isolating part of aggenital sclerite); B – tritonymph, insertions of tendons from two fascicles of posterior dorsoventral muscle (separate insertions at top, partly attached insertions at bottom); C – posterior half of hysterosoma, ventrolateral view, showing two fascicles of posterior dorsoventral muscles (adult female from China); D – male spermatopositor (specimen from NW Territories, Canada); E – sagittal view of female genital region in polarized light, showing ovipositor (setaeτ3, τ4 out of focus) and layered articulating cuticle between genital and anal plates; F – ovipositor, unpaired ventral lobe seenen face. Scale bars 20 µm (C); 10 µm (A, B); 5 µm (D-F)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7945682" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7945682/files/figure.png" pageId="21" pageNumber="1009">Fig. 9D</figureCitation>
) occupies less of the genital vestibule than does the ovipositor,
</paragraph>
<caption id="9388E2DD8D13F624FFE7B6C9FB5CF7FE" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7945682" ID-Zenodo-Dep="7945682" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7945682/files/figure.png" pageId="20" pageNumber="1008" startId="20.[119,192,1930,1951]" targetBox="[103,1494,221,1877]" targetPageId="20" targetType="figure">
<paragraph id="C748B2558D13F624FFE7B6C9FB5CF7FE" blockId="20.[118,1509,1930,2065]" pageId="20" pageNumber="1008">
<emphasis id="F5836E478D13F624FFE7B6C9FF40F870" bold="true" box="[119,205,1930,1951]" pageId="20" pageNumber="1008">Figure 9</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="00F7C9D68D13F624FF4DB6C9FD83F84F" authority="(Berlese)" baseAuthorityName="Berlese" baseAuthorityYear="1910" box="[221,526,1930,1952]" class="Arachnida" family="Eulohmanniidae" genus="Eulohmannia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Sarcoptiformes" pageId="20" pageNumber="1008" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="ribagai">
<emphasis id="F5836E478D13F624FF4DB6C9FE3FF84F" box="[221,434,1930,1952]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="1008">Eulohmannia ribagai</emphasis>
(Berlese)
</taxonomicName>
: A – genital region of female, ventral view (focused inside genital vestibule; white arrow on soft cuticle partially isolating part of aggenital sclerite); B – tritonymph, insertions of tendons from two fascicles of posterior dorsoventral muscle (separate insertions at top, partly attached insertions at bottom); C – posterior half of hysterosoma, ventrolateral view, showing two fascicles of posterior dorsoventral muscles (adult female from China); D – male spermatopositor (specimen from NW Territories, Canada); E – sagittal view of female genital region in polarized light, showing ovipositor (setae
<emphasis id="F5836E478D13F624FCD4B6A7FCD5F815" box="[836,856,2020,2042]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="1008">τ3</emphasis>
,
<emphasis id="F5836E478D13F624FCF4B6A7FCF4F815" box="[868,889,2020,2042]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="1008">τ4</emphasis>
out of focus) and layered articulating cuticle between genital and anal plates; F – ovipositor, unpaired ventral lobe seen
<emphasis id="F5836E478D13F624FD35B6BFFD64F7FE" box="[677,745,2043,2065]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="1008">en face</emphasis>
. Scale bars 20 µm (C); 10 µm (A, B); 5 µm (D-F).
</paragraph>
</caption>
<paragraph id="C748B2558D12F625FE7BB069FA42FE8A" blockId="21.[489,1550,229,2045]" pageId="21" pageNumber="1009">and seen ventrally it is elliptical, ~ 20-25 long (relative to 65-70 for genital plates). The soft cuticle at its base is not plicate but otherwise the structure is similar in form to that of</paragraph>
<paragraph id="C748B2558D12F625FE7BB02CFCC3FD74" blockId="21.[489,1550,229,2045]" pageId="21" pageNumber="1009">
<taxonomicName id="00F7C9D68D12F625FE7BB02CFD04FE68" authorityName="Berlese" authorityYear="1916" box="[491,649,367,391]" class="Arachnida" family="Perlohmanniidae" genus="Perlohmannia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Sarcoptiformes" pageId="21" pageNumber="1009" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="F5836E478D12F625FE7BB02CFD04FE68" box="[491,649,367,391]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="1009">Perlohmannia</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(
<bibRefCitation id="A366CFA48D12F625FD01B02CFCCBFE68" author="Grandjean F." box="[657,838,367,391]" pageId="21" pageNumber="1009" pagination="57 - 119" refId="ref50575" refString="Grandjean F. 1958 a. Perlohmannia dissimilis (Hewitt) (Acarien, Oribate). Mem. Mus. nat. Hist. natur., 16: 57 - 119." type="journal article" year="1958">Grandjean 1958a</bibRefCitation>
, his
<figureCitation id="5FCCAED08D12F625FCE9B02CFC63FE68" box="[889,1006,367,391]" captionStart="Figure 3" captionStartId="11.[119,192,1988,2009]" captionTargetBox="[114,1483,236,1924]" captionTargetId="figure-2@11.[103,1494,221,1934]" captionTargetPageId="11" captionText="Figure 3 Eulohmannia ribagai(Berlese), larva (appendages incompletely shown): A – dorsal view B – posterior view of hysterosoma; C – ventral view; D – lateral view. Scale bar 100 µm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7945668" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7945668/files/figure.png" pageId="21" pageNumber="1009">Fig. 3D, E</figureCitation>
). The spermatopositor is difficult to study due to small size and obscuring internal structures, but two examples were relatively clear. There are seven pairs of setae, all small (6-8) and apparently eupathidial. A conspicuous feature is that the two pairs of short
<emphasis id="F5836E478D12F625FC94B09BFC99FE00" box="[772,788,472,495]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="1009">ψ</emphasis>
setae are closely adjacent in a curving transverse row, most easily located by their alveoli (
<figureCitation id="5FCCAED08D12F625FC91B0BAFCD3FDFE" box="[769,862,505,529]" captionStart="Figure 9" captionStartId="20.[119,192,1930,1951]" captionTargetBox="[103,1494,221,1877]" captionTargetId="figure-2@20.[103,1494,221,1877]" captionTargetPageId="20" captionText="Figure 9 Eulohmannia ribagai(Berlese): A – genital region of female, ventral view (focused inside genital vestibule; white arrow on soft cuticle partially isolating part of aggenital sclerite); B – tritonymph, insertions of tendons from two fascicles of posterior dorsoventral muscle (separate insertions at top, partly attached insertions at bottom); C – posterior half of hysterosoma, ventrolateral view, showing two fascicles of posterior dorsoventral muscles (adult female from China); D – male spermatopositor (specimen from NW Territories, Canada); E – sagittal view of female genital region in polarized light, showing ovipositor (setaeτ3, τ4 out of focus) and layered articulating cuticle between genital and anal plates; F – ovipositor, unpaired ventral lobe seenen face. Scale bars 20 µm (C); 10 µm (A, B); 5 µm (D-F)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7945682" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7945682/files/figure.png" pageId="21" pageNumber="1009">Fig. 9D</figureCitation>
). The five other pairs are longitudinally arranged, but the posterior pair often are difficult to find and seem to be at a slightly more proximal level on the structure; the latter may be a single pair of remaining
<emphasis id="F5836E478D12F625FBB5B37DFBBCFDB9" box="[1061,1073,574,598]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="1009">k</emphasis>
setae (absent from the ovipositor), with the other four representing
<emphasis id="F5836E478D12F625FC81B321FC96FD96" box="[785,795,610,633]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="1009">τ</emphasis>
<subScript id="5B73B0108D12F625FC8BB32EFCA9FD91" attach="left" box="[795,804,621,638]" fontSize="7" pageId="21" pageNumber="1009">1</subScript>
-
<emphasis id="F5836E478D12F625FCBFB321FCB4FD96" box="[815,825,610,633]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="1009">τ</emphasis>
<subScript id="5B73B0108D12F625FCA9B32EFCCFFD91" attach="left" box="[825,834,621,638]" fontSize="7" pageId="21" pageNumber="1009">4</subScript>
. As in
<taxonomicName id="00F7C9D68D12F625FC08B323FBBDFD97" authorityName="Berlese" authorityYear="1916" box="[920,1072,608,632]" class="Arachnida" family="Perlohmanniidae" genus="Perlohmannia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Sarcoptiformes" pageId="21" pageNumber="1009" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="F5836E478D12F625FC08B323FBBDFD97" box="[920,1072,608,632]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="1009">Perlohmannia</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, there is a weakly defined sclerotized support near the central midline.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="C748B2558D12F625FD83B3E5F988FCEC" blockId="21.[489,1550,229,2045]" pageId="21" pageNumber="1009">
<emphasis id="F5836E478D12F625FD83B3E5FD62FD51" bold="true" box="[531,751,678,702]" pageId="21" pageNumber="1009">Paraproctal region</emphasis>
(
<figureCitation id="5FCCAED08D12F625FD67B3E6FCB0FD52" box="[759,829,677,701]" captionStart="Figure 3" captionStartId="11.[119,192,1988,2009]" captionTargetBox="[114,1483,236,1924]" captionTargetId="figure-2@11.[103,1494,221,1934]" captionTargetPageId="11" captionText="Figure 3 Eulohmannia ribagai(Berlese), larva (appendages incompletely shown): A – dorsal view B – posterior view of hysterosoma; C – ventral view; D – lateral view. Scale bar 100 µm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7945668" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7945668/files/figure.png" pageId="21" pageNumber="1009">Figs 3</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="5FCCAED08D12F625FCD8B3E6FCF3FD52" box="[840,894,677,701]" captionStart-0="Figure 4" captionStart-1="Figure 5" captionStart-2="Figure 6" captionStart-3="Figure 7" captionStart-4="Figure 8" captionStart-5="Figure 9" captionStart-6="Figure 10" captionStart-7="Figure 11" captionStartId-0="12.[119,192,1875,1896]" captionStartId-1="13.[119,192,1831,1852]" captionStartId-2="14.[119,192,1930,1951]" captionStartId-3="15.[119,192,1930,1951]" captionStartId-4="18.[119,192,1897,1918]" captionStartId-5="20.[119,192,1930,1951]" captionStartId-6="22.[119,192,1597,1618]" captionStartId-7="24.[119,192,1693,1714]" captionTargetBox-0="[106,1479,282,1811]" captionTargetBox-1="[103,1494,284,1777]" captionTargetBox-2="[103,1494,221,1877]" captionTargetBox-3="[103,1494,221,1877]" captionTargetBox-4="[118,1479,221,1843]" captionTargetBox-5="[103,1494,221,1877]" captionTargetBox-6="[113,1481,226,1519]" captionTargetBox-7="[103,1494,221,1639]" captionTargetId-0="figure-2@12.[103,1494,262,1822]" captionTargetId-1="figure-2@13.[103,1494,284,1777]" captionTargetId-2="figure-2@14.[103,1494,221,1877]" captionTargetId-3="figure-2@15.[103,1494,221,1877]" captionTargetId-4="figure-2@18.[118,1479,221,1843]" captionTargetId-5="figure-2@20.[103,1494,221,1877]" captionTargetId-6="figure-2@22.[103,1494,221,1543]" captionTargetId-7="figure-2@24.[103,1494,221,1639]" captionTargetPageId-0="12" captionTargetPageId-1="13" captionTargetPageId-2="14" captionTargetPageId-3="15" captionTargetPageId-4="18" captionTargetPageId-5="20" captionTargetPageId-6="22" captionTargetPageId-7="24" captionText-0="Figure 4 Eulohmannia ribagai(Berlese), nymphs (appendages incompletely shown): A – protonymph, ventral view (prodorsum incomplete); B – deutonymph, ventral view of hysterosoma; C – tritonymph, dorsal view; D – tritonymph, ventral view; E – tritonymph, partial dorsal view of gastronotum showing artifactual transverse crease (see text, R3). Scale bars 100 µm: A, B to same scale, C-E to same scale." captionText-1="Figure 5 Eulohmannia ribagai(Berlese): A – larval bothridium, dorsomedial view (only one of two saccules visible); B – deutonymph, bothridial saccules; C – adult, bothridium, dorsomedial view; D – adult, rostral tectum, sagittal view; E –sejugal articulation of extended specimen, dorsal midline (sagittal section), anterior to right; F – same, but contracted specimen; G – as in E, but ventral midline; H – bothridial region, dorsolateral view. Scale bars 10 µm (H); 5 µm (A-G)." captionText-2="Figure 6 Eulohmannia ribagai(Berlese), uncleared specimens in glycerine: A – deutonymph, lateral view (musclem.pdv out of focus); B – adult hysterosoma, dorsal view, showing major organs; C – same, lateral view (one fascicle of musclem.pdv out of focus); D – as in C, closeup of humeral region; E – adult, anterior hysterosoma, showing some proterosomal retractor muscles. Scale bars 50 µm (A-C, E); 20 µm (D)." captionText-3="Figure 7 Eulohmannia ribagai(Berlese): A – seta c1 of larva; B – seta c1 of adult; C – adult, metapodosomal region, lateral view of cleared specimen; D – same, closeup of leg IV region; E – same, surface closeup of leg III region; F – same as E, but deeper focus to show apodemes; G – left sejugal apodeme and apodeme III, dorsal view; H – adult, ventral aspect, region near leg IV insertion (specimen from Alberta). Scale bars 20 µm (C, H); 10 µm (A, B, D-G)." captionText-4="Figure 8 Eulohmannia ribagai(Berlese): A – larva, region of right leg II insertion, ventral view, showing Claparède’s organ (insert = closeup of protective scale, seta 1c); B – adult, ventrosejugal region; C – adult, podosomal region, ventral view (uncleared specimen in glycerine * = extrinsic leg III muscle inserting onap.sj); D – insertions of legs I, II, ventrolateral view, showing declivity bordered by ridger2 (* = articulation of trochanter); E – cleared adult, cross section at level of apodeme 1, anterior view; F – same, at level of apodeme 2, posterior view; G – supracoxal seta eI of two different adults from New York; H – same, from eastern Canada (top Nova Scotia, bottom New Brunswick with one broken tine); I – same, from northwestern North America (from top: Alberta, two examples from Northwest Territories, Alaska); J – same, from Palaearctic populations (from top: two examples from Sweden, Germany (tritonymph), Khabarovsk). Scale bars 20 µm (C-F); 10 µm (A, B); 5 µm (G-J, to same scale)." captionText-5="Figure 9 Eulohmannia ribagai(Berlese): A – genital region of female, ventral view (focused inside genital vestibule; white arrow on soft cuticle partially isolating part of aggenital sclerite); B – tritonymph, insertions of tendons from two fascicles of posterior dorsoventral muscle (separate insertions at top, partly attached insertions at bottom); C – posterior half of hysterosoma, ventrolateral view, showing two fascicles of posterior dorsoventral muscles (adult female from China); D – male spermatopositor (specimen from NW Territories, Canada); E – sagittal view of female genital region in polarized light, showing ovipositor (setaeτ3, τ4 out of focus) and layered articulating cuticle between genital and anal plates; F – ovipositor, unpaired ventral lobe seenen face. Scale bars 20 µm (C); 10 µm (A, B); 5 µm (D-F)." captionText-6="Figure 10 Eulohmannia ribagai(Berlese): A – larva, subcapitulum, ventral view, palps omitted; B – protonymph, adoral lip; C – deutonymph, subcapitulum, ventral view, one palp omitted; D – tritonymph, rutellum, ventral view; E – larva, palp, abaxial view; F – same, enlarged tarsus; G – larva, chelicera, abaxial view; H – tritonymph, chelicera, adaxial view. Scale bars 20 µm (A-E, G, H); 5 µm (F)." captionText-7="Figure 11 Eulohmannia ribagai(Berlese): A – adult, left anal and adanal plates, ventral view; B – larva, paraproctal region, slightly flattened" figureDoi-0="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7945672" figureDoi-1="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7945674" figureDoi-2="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7945676" figureDoi-3="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7945678" figureDoi-4="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7945680" figureDoi-5="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7945682" figureDoi-6="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7945684" figureDoi-7="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7945686" httpUri-0="https://zenodo.org/record/7945672/files/figure.png" httpUri-1="https://zenodo.org/record/7945674/files/figure.png" httpUri-2="https://zenodo.org/record/7945676/files/figure.png" httpUri-3="https://zenodo.org/record/7945678/files/figure.png" httpUri-4="https://zenodo.org/record/7945680/files/figure.png" httpUri-5="https://zenodo.org/record/7945682/files/figure.png" httpUri-6="https://zenodo.org/record/7945684/files/figure.png" httpUri-7="https://zenodo.org/record/7945686/files/figure.png" pageId="21" pageNumber="1009">4. 11</figureCitation>
) — Since the anal aperture is nearly terminal throughout ontogeny, the paraprocts—segments
<emphasis id="F5836E478D12F625FCE9B38BFC1AFD0F" box="[889,919,712,736]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="1009">PS</emphasis>
,
<emphasis id="F5836E478D12F625FC35B38BFC45FD0F" box="[933,968,712,736]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="1009">AD</emphasis>
,
<emphasis id="F5836E478D12F625FC47B38BFC74FD0F" box="[983,1017,712,736]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="1009">AN</emphasis>
respectively in La, Pn, Dn—develop in a rather idealized form, as a series of parenthetic valves that are not distorted by the usual strong
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="C748B2558D12F625FE79B24EFA51FCCA" blockId="21.[489,1550,229,2045]" box="[489,1500,781,805]" pageId="21" pageNumber="1009">‘caudal bend’ of acariform mites. In each instar, there is a small, vertical preanal apodeme</paragraph>
<paragraph id="C748B2558D12F625FE7BB26CFA59FC86" blockId="21.[489,1550,229,2045]" pageId="21" pageNumber="1009">
(
<emphasis id="F5836E478D12F625FE63B273FDA2FCA8" box="[499,559,816,839]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="1009">ap.pa</emphasis>
) extending from the anterior end of the paraproctal valves (
<figureCitation id="5FCCAED08D12F625FB26B26CFAABFCA8" box="[1206,1318,815,839]" captionStart="Figure 9" captionStartId="20.[119,192,1930,1951]" captionTargetBox="[103,1494,221,1877]" captionTargetId="figure-2@20.[103,1494,221,1877]" captionTargetPageId="20" captionText="Figure 9 Eulohmannia ribagai(Berlese): A – genital region of female, ventral view (focused inside genital vestibule; white arrow on soft cuticle partially isolating part of aggenital sclerite); B – tritonymph, insertions of tendons from two fascicles of posterior dorsoventral muscle (separate insertions at top, partly attached insertions at bottom); C – posterior half of hysterosoma, ventrolateral view, showing two fascicles of posterior dorsoventral muscles (adult female from China); D – male spermatopositor (specimen from NW Territories, Canada); E – sagittal view of female genital region in polarized light, showing ovipositor (setaeτ3, τ4 out of focus) and layered articulating cuticle between genital and anal plates; F – ovipositor, unpaired ventral lobe seenen face. Scale bars 20 µm (C); 10 µm (A, B); 5 µm (D-F)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7945682" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7945682/files/figure.png" pageId="21" pageNumber="1009">Fig. 9A, E</figureCitation>
) to which muscles from the genital valves insert; these are the ‘anoprogenital muscles’ of
<bibRefCitation id="A366CFA48D12F625FA90B211FA3BFC85" author="Grandjean F." box="[1280,1462,850,874]" pageId="21" pageNumber="1009" pagination="849 - 876" refId="ref50891" refString="Grandjean F. 1971. Nouvelles observations sur les Oribates (8 e serie). Acarologia, 12: 849 - 876." type="journal article" year="1971">Grandjean (1971)</bibRefCitation>
or
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="C748B2558D12F625FE79B237FA76FBD6" blockId="21.[489,1550,229,2045]" pageId="21" pageNumber="1009">
‘constrictors of the genital valve’ of Akimov and Yastrebstov (1991). Segment
<emphasis id="F5836E478D12F625FAB7B237FACAFC63" box="[1319,1351,884,908]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="1009">PS</emphasis>
has four pairs of setae in the larva, but when it becomes part of the gastronotum in the protonymph there are only three pairs. We follow
<bibRefCitation id="A366CFA48D12F625FC87B2FAFC63FC3E" author="Grandjean F." box="[791,1006,953,977]" pageId="21" pageNumber="1009" pagination="201 - 225" refId="ref50150" refString="Grandjean F. 1949 b. Formules anales, gastronotiques, genitales et aggenitales du developpement numerique des poils chez les Oribates. Bul. Soc. zool. France, 74: 201 - 225." type="journal article" year="1949">Grandjean’s (1949b)</bibRefCitation>
interpretation, that the most anterior
<emphasis id="F5836E478D12F625FAE9B2F9FA1CFC3E" box="[1401,1425,954,977]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="1009">ps</emphasis>
seta is inguinal (
<emphasis id="F5836E478D12F625FDC2B29EFDFCFC1B" box="[594,625,989,1012]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="1009">psi</emphasis>
=
<emphasis id="F5836E478D12F625FD1EB29EFD2BFC1B" box="[654,678,989,1012]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="1009">ps</emphasis>
<subScript id="5B73B0108D12F625FD36B2ABFD22FC16" attach="left" box="[678,687,1000,1017]" fontSize="7" pageId="21" pageNumber="1009">4</subScript>
), and is lost in the protonymph. Paraproctal setae are attenuate and smooth or weakly barbed, with length in a particular row increasing posteriorly (
<tableCitation id="8A7587EE8D12F625FA86B2BDFAE7FBF9" box="[1302,1386,1022,1046]" captionStart="Table 1" captionStartId="16.[119,178,1358,1379]" captionText="Table 1 Length (in µm) of body setae in New York population ofEulohmannia ribagai(Berlese, 1910) during ontogeny (data from 2–4 individuals of each instar)." pageId="21" pageNumber="1009">Table 1</tableCitation>
). There are two exceptions. Seta
<emphasis id="F5836E478D12F625FD40B561FD65FBD6" box="[720,744,1058,1081]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="1009">ps</emphasis>
<subScript id="5B73B0108D12F625FD77B56EFD7DFBD1" attach="left" box="[743,752,1069,1086]" fontSize="7" pageId="21" pageNumber="1009">1</subScript>
is conspicuously thickened and barbed in the larva (
<figureCitation id="5FCCAED08D12F625FAAEB562FA1BFBD6" box="[1342,1430,1057,1081]" captionStart="Figure 3" captionStartId="11.[119,192,1988,2009]" captionTargetBox="[114,1483,236,1924]" captionTargetId="figure-2@11.[103,1494,221,1934]" captionTargetPageId="11" captionText="Figure 3 Eulohmannia ribagai(Berlese), larva (appendages incompletely shown): A – dorsal view B – posterior view of hysterosoma; C – ventral view; D – lateral view. Scale bar 100 µm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7945668" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7945668/files/figure.png" pageId="21" pageNumber="1009">Figs 3C</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="5FCCAED08D12F625FA31B562FA60FBD6" box="[1441,1517,1057,1081]" captionStart="Figure 11" captionStartId="24.[119,192,1693,1714]" captionTargetBox="[103,1494,221,1639]" captionTargetId="figure-2@24.[103,1494,221,1639]" captionTargetPageId="24" captionText="Figure 11 Eulohmannia ribagai(Berlese): A – adult, left anal and adanal plates, ventral view; B – larva, paraproctal region, slightly flattened" figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7945686" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7945686/files/figure.png" pageId="21" pageNumber="1009">11B, C</figureCitation>
),
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="C748B2558D12F625FE7BB500FA51FAA3" blockId="21.[489,1550,229,2045]" pageId="21" pageNumber="1009">
but is thin, attenuate in later instars. The setation of segment
<emphasis id="F5836E478D12F625FB11B500FB29FBB4" box="[1153,1188,1091,1115]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="1009">AD</emphasis>
develops similarly—
<emphasis id="F5836E478D12F625FA1BB500FA2BFBB4" box="[1419,1446,1091,1115]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="1009">ad</emphasis>
<subScript id="5B73B0108D12F625FA36B50CFA22FB8F" attach="left" box="[1446,1455,1103,1120]" fontSize="7" pageId="21" pageNumber="1009">1</subScript>
is thickened and acute in the protonymph (
<figureCitation id="5FCCAED08D12F625FC3CB526FB84FB92" box="[940,1033,1125,1149]" captionStart="Figure 4" captionStartId="12.[119,192,1875,1896]" captionTargetBox="[106,1479,282,1811]" captionTargetId="figure-2@12.[103,1494,262,1822]" captionTargetPageId="12" captionText="Figure 4 Eulohmannia ribagai(Berlese), nymphs (appendages incompletely shown): A – protonymph, ventral view (prodorsum incomplete); B – deutonymph, ventral view of hysterosoma; C – tritonymph, dorsal view; D – tritonymph, ventral view; E – tritonymph, partial dorsal view of gastronotum showing artifactual transverse crease (see text, R3). Scale bars 100 µm: A, B to same scale, C-E to same scale." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7945672" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7945672/files/figure.png" pageId="21" pageNumber="1009">Figs 4A</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="5FCCAED08D12F625FB84B526FBCFFB92" box="[1044,1090,1125,1149]" captionStart="Figure 11" captionStartId="24.[119,192,1693,1714]" captionTargetBox="[103,1494,221,1639]" captionTargetId="figure-2@24.[103,1494,221,1639]" captionTargetPageId="24" captionText="Figure 11 Eulohmannia ribagai(Berlese): A – adult, left anal and adanal plates, ventral view; B – larva, paraproctal region, slightly flattened" figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7945686" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7945686/files/figure.png" pageId="21" pageNumber="1009">11C</figureCitation>
), but normal in later instars—except that it bears four pairs of setae in nymphs and adult (R14). Segment
<emphasis id="F5836E478D12F625FB04B5CBFB3BFB4F" box="[1172,1206,1160,1184]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="1009">AN</emphasis>
also has four pairs of setae from the time it forms. Lyrifissure
<emphasis id="F5836E478D12F625FCF6B5E8FC08FB2D" box="[870,901,1195,1218]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="1009">ips</emphasis>
is absent when the segment is paraproctal but appears in the protonymph, when the segment is incorporated into the gastronotum. Lyrifissures
<emphasis id="F5836E478D12F625FA37B58EFA44FB0A" box="[1447,1481,1229,1253]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="1009">iad</emphasis>
and
<emphasis id="F5836E478D12F625FD88B5B3FDB7FAE8" box="[536,570,1264,1287]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="1009">ian</emphasis>
also are delayed one instar, appearing in the deuto- and tritonymph, respectively. In the adult,
<emphasis id="F5836E478D12F625FDBDB451FDC2FAC5" box="[557,591,1298,1322]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="1009">iad</emphasis>
and
<emphasis id="F5836E478D12F625FD12B450FD29FAC5" box="[642,676,1299,1322]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="1009">ian</emphasis>
are inconspicuous, lying on the lateral margin of the plate close to the anterior seta (
<figureCitation id="5FCCAED08D12F625FDB5B477FD1CFAA3" box="[549,657,1332,1356]" captionStart="Figure 11" captionStartId="24.[119,192,1693,1714]" captionTargetBox="[103,1494,221,1639]" captionTargetId="figure-2@24.[103,1494,221,1639]" captionTargetPageId="24" captionText="Figure 11 Eulohmannia ribagai(Berlese): A – adult, left anal and adanal plates, ventral view; B – larva, paraproctal region, slightly flattened" figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7945686" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7945686/files/figure.png" pageId="21" pageNumber="1009">Fig. 11A</figureCitation>
); for
<emphasis id="F5836E478D12F625FD55B476FD6AFAA3" box="[709,743,1333,1356]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="1009">ian</emphasis>
often the canal is easier to see than the small slit.
<bibRefCitation id="A366CFA48D12F625FA80B477FA55FAA3" author="Grandjean F." box="[1296,1496,1332,1356]" pageId="21" pageNumber="1009" pagination="282 - 289" refId="ref50505" refString="Grandjean F. 1956 b. Observations sur les Oribates (35 e serie). Bull. Mus. nat. Hist. natur. (2), 28: 282 - 289." type="journal article" year="1956">Grandjean (1956b</bibRefCitation>
;
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="C748B2558D12F625FE7BB414FD0DFA7E" blockId="21.[489,1550,229,2045]" pageId="21" pageNumber="1009">
his
<figureCitation id="5FCCAED08D12F625FD84B414FDE0FA80" box="[532,621,1367,1391]" captionStart="Figure 1" captionStartId="8.[119,192,1930,1951]" captionTargetBox="[103,1494,221,1877]" captionTargetId="figure-2@8.[103,1494,221,1877]" captionTargetPageId="8" captionText="Figure 1 Eulohmannia ribagai(Berlese): A – larva, lateral view, epi-illumination; B – tritonymph, same; C – living adult, stereomicroscope (arrow to cervical collar); D – gravid female, with single egg (provenance uncertain, photo D.E. Walter); E – tritonymph, lateral view of gastronotum contour, with epicuticle separated by clearing; F – same, closeup optical section in polarized light; G – adult, notogastral cuticle at edge of sagittal section; H – tritonymph, right gastronotic setaec1, c2 and lyrifissureia (lower left insert = im from adult, right =im from deutonymph, showing canal). Scale bars 100 µm (A-D); 20 µm (E); 10 µm (H); 2 µm (F, G)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7945664" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7945664/files/figure.png" pageId="21" pageNumber="1009">Fig. 1A</figureCitation>
) did not illustrate
<emphasis id="F5836E478D12F625FCB8B41BFCC7FA80" box="[808,842,1368,1391]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="1009">ian</emphasis>
, but it is present in all Palaearctic adults and tritonymphs that we examined.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="C748B2558D12F625FD83B4DFF98DF9D2" blockId="21.[489,1550,229,2045]" pageId="21" pageNumber="1009">
<emphasis id="F5836E478D12F625FD83B4DFFD27FA5B" bold="true" box="[531,682,1436,1460]" pageId="21" pageNumber="1009">Gnathosoma</emphasis>
(
<figureCitation id="5FCCAED08D12F625FD23B4DFFC86FA5B" box="[691,779,1436,1460]" captionStart="Figure 10" captionStartId="22.[119,192,1597,1618]" captionTargetBox="[113,1481,226,1519]" captionTargetId="figure-2@22.[103,1494,221,1543]" captionTargetPageId="22" captionText="Figure 10 Eulohmannia ribagai(Berlese): A – larva, subcapitulum, ventral view, palps omitted; B – protonymph, adoral lip; C – deutonymph, subcapitulum, ventral view, one palp omitted; D – tritonymph, rutellum, ventral view; E – larva, palp, abaxial view; F – same, enlarged tarsus; G – larva, chelicera, abaxial view; H – tritonymph, chelicera, adaxial view. Scale bars 20 µm (A-E, G, H); 5 µm (F)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7945684" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7945684/files/figure.png" pageId="21" pageNumber="1009">Figs 10</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="5FCCAED08D12F625FC85B4DFFCBCFA5B" box="[789,817,1436,1460]" captionStart="Figure 11" captionStartId="24.[119,192,1693,1714]" captionTargetBox="[103,1494,221,1639]" captionTargetId="figure-2@24.[103,1494,221,1639]" captionTargetPageId="24" captionText="Figure 11 Eulohmannia ribagai(Berlese): A – adult, left anal and adanal plates, ventral view; B – larva, paraproctal region, slightly flattened" figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7945686" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7945686/files/figure.png" pageId="21" pageNumber="1009">11</figureCitation>
;
<bibRefCitation id="A366CFA48D12F625FCADB4DFFBB9FA5B" author="Alberti G. &amp; Coons B." box="[829,1076,1436,1460]" pageId="21" pageNumber="1009" pagination="515 - 1265" refId="ref47261" refString="Alberti G., Coons B. 1999. Acari - Mites. In: Harrison F. W., Foelix R. F. (Eds). Microscopic anatomy of invertebrates. Volume 8 C: Chelicerate Arthropoda. New York: Wiley-Liss. p. 515 - 1265." type="book chapter" year="1999">Alberti and Coons 1999</bibRefCitation>
, their Fig. 92B) — Other than absolute size (see
<tableCitation id="8A7587EE8D12F625FDDEB4FDFD10FA39" box="[590,669,1470,1494]" captionStart="Table 2" captionStartId="23.[119,178,1646,1667]" captionText="Table 2 Size (in µm) of gnathosomal structures during ontogeny in New York population ofEulohmannia ribagai(Berlese, 1910) during ontogeny (data from 2–4 individuals of each instar)." pageId="21" pageNumber="1009">Table 2</tableCitation>
) there are few changes to the gnathosoma during development. In all instars the subcapitulum is noticeably longer (~1.3×) than wide (slightly flattened in figures) and distinctly stenarthric. The mentum
<emphasis id="F5836E478D12F625FCE9B747FC01F9F4" box="[889,908,1540,1563]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="1009">H</emphasis>
(), with transversely elongated reticulation, forms a relatively small, equilateral triangle that occupies little more than a third the subcapitular length.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="C748B2558D12F625FE7BB70BF983F879" blockId="21.[489,1550,229,2045]" pageId="21" pageNumber="1009">
Each gena (
<emphasis id="F5836E478D12F625FDF7B70AFDF7F98F" box="[615,634,1609,1632]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="1009">G</emphasis>
) is smooth, elongated and gradually tapering distally. The rutellum
<emphasis id="F5836E478D12F625FADEB70AFAFCF98F" box="[1358,1393,1609,1632]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="1009">RU</emphasis>
) (—nearly vertical in its natural position—is about half the length of the gena, from which it is clearly demarcated dorsally and laterally (manubrial line
<emphasis id="F5836E478D12F625FB92B7CEFB9AF94A" box="[1026,1047,1677,1701]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="1009">αf</emphasis>
). The rutellum is about as long as wide and is atelobasic, leaving the adoral lips exposed in ventral view. The distal margin includes a strong, thumb-like lateral process ending in two unequal cusps, a short but strong, pigmented tooth close to its base, and a flat cutting edge occupying the medial half, with a small point at the medial end (
<figureCitation id="5FCCAED08D12F625FD55B654FCF9F8C0" box="[709,884,1815,1839]" captionStart="Figure 10" captionStartId="22.[119,192,1597,1618]" captionTargetBox="[113,1481,226,1519]" captionTargetId="figure-2@22.[103,1494,221,1543]" captionTargetPageId="22" captionText="Figure 10 Eulohmannia ribagai(Berlese): A – larva, subcapitulum, ventral view, palps omitted; B – protonymph, adoral lip; C – deutonymph, subcapitulum, ventral view, one palp omitted; D – tritonymph, rutellum, ventral view; E – larva, palp, abaxial view; F – same, enlarged tarsus; G – larva, chelicera, abaxial view; H – tritonymph, chelicera, adaxial view. Scale bars 20 µm (A-E, G, H); 5 µm (F)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7945684" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7945684/files/figure.png" pageId="21" pageNumber="1009">Fig. 10A, C, D</figureCitation>
). The dorsal face of the rutellum has several fine carinae running proximally from the distal margin, and in all instars there are two oblique rutellar brushes (ciliary combs;
<emphasis id="F5836E478D12F625FD7FB61FFC8AF89B" box="[751,775,1884,1908]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="1009">br</emphasis>
): a short distal brush with long cilia near the medial side, and a second at mid-length that is parallel with the first but longer and with smaller cilia. The labrum
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="C748B2558D12F626FE7BB6E3FA6FF834" blockId="21.[489,1550,229,2045]" lastBlockId="22.[491,1535,1780,2045]" lastPageId="22" lastPageNumber="1010" pageId="21" pageNumber="1009">
(
<emphasis id="F5836E478D12F625FE63B6E3FD9DF857" box="[499,528,1952,1976]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="1009">LS</emphasis>
) has a typical form, narrowly triangular but distally rounded in all instars, supported by a conspicuous pair of narrow, strut-like embedded sclerites (
<figureCitation id="5FCCAED08D12F625FBF8B680FB30F834" box="[1128,1213,1987,2011]" captionStart="Figure 11" captionStartId="24.[119,192,1693,1714]" captionTargetBox="[103,1494,221,1639]" captionTargetId="figure-2@24.[103,1494,221,1639]" captionTargetPageId="24" captionText="Figure 11 Eulohmannia ribagai(Berlese): A – adult, left anal and adanal plates, ventral view; B – larva, paraproctal region, slightly flattened" figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7945686" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7945686/files/figure.png" pageId="21" pageNumber="1009">Fig. 11D</figureCitation>
;
<emphasis id="F5836E478D12F625FB50B680FB53F834" box="[1216,1246,1987,2011]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="1009">scl</emphasis>
). The distal quarter has a row of narrow, contiguous denticles around its margin, with a second row dorsally near the tip; four inconspicuous transverse rows of narrow denticles are distributed along its dorsal face (
<figureCitation id="5FCCAED08D11F626FE63B654FDD4F8C0" box="[499,601,1815,1839]" captionStart="Figure 11" captionStartId="24.[119,192,1693,1714]" captionTargetBox="[103,1494,221,1639]" captionTargetId="figure-2@24.[103,1494,221,1639]" captionTargetPageId="24" captionText="Figure 11 Eulohmannia ribagai(Berlese): A – adult, left anal and adanal plates, ventral view; B – larva, paraproctal region, slightly flattened" figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7945686" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7945686/files/figure.png" pageId="22" pageNumber="1010">Fig. 11E</figureCitation>
), and the ventral face has several fine transverse grooves. The lateral lips lack dorsal cilia or denticles and we observed no distinct ventral sclerite. The larva has two pairs of adoral setae:
<emphasis id="F5836E478D11F626FDA3B61FFDC6F89C" box="[563,587,1884,1907]" italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="1010">or</emphasis>
<subScript id="5B73B0108D11F626FDDBB62BFDD9F896" attach="left" box="[587,596,1896,1913]" fontSize="7" pageId="22" pageNumber="1010">1</subScript>
usually tapers only distally and appears thickened by coarse barbs,
<emphasis id="F5836E478D11F626FAA1B61FFAC4F89C" box="[1329,1353,1884,1907]" italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="1010">or</emphasis>
<subScript id="5B73B0108D11F626FAD9B62BFAC2F896" attach="left" box="[1353,1359,1896,1913]" fontSize="7" pageId="22" pageNumber="1010">2</subScript>
is acicular to acuminate and nearly smooth. In the protonymph
<emphasis id="F5836E478D11F626FBB6B63CFBB3F879" box="[1062,1086,1919,1942]" italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="1010">or</emphasis>
<subScript id="5B73B0108D11F626FBAEB6C9FBC9F874" attach="left" box="[1086,1092,1930,1947]" fontSize="7" pageId="22" pageNumber="1010">3</subScript>
is added, similar to
<emphasis id="F5836E478D11F626FAB6B63CFAB3F879" box="[1318,1342,1919,1942]" italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="1010">or</emphasis>
<subScript id="5B73B0108D11F626FAAEB6C9FAC9F874" attach="left" box="[1342,1348,1930,1947]" fontSize="7" pageId="22" pageNumber="1010">2</subScript>
but shorter, and both setae are acuminate to attenuate, with inconspicuous barbs. Setae of the hypostomal mentum (
<emphasis id="F5836E478D11F626FDC3B680FDEDF834" box="[595,608,1987,2011]" italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="1010">h</emphasis>
) and gena
<emphasis id="F5836E478D11F626FD70B687FD60F834" box="[736,749,1988,2011]" italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="1010">a</emphasis>
(,
<emphasis id="F5836E478D11F626FD6BB687FC83F834" box="[763,782,1988,2011]" italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="1010">m</emphasis>
) all are similar: thin, attenuate, smooth or with few minute barbs.
</paragraph>
<caption id="9388E2DD8D11F626FFE7B77EFB54F990" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7945684" ID-Zenodo-Dep="7945684" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7945684/files/figure.png" pageId="22" pageNumber="1010" startId="22.[119,192,1597,1618]" targetBox="[113,1481,226,1519]" targetPageId="22" targetType="figure">
<paragraph id="C748B2558D11F626FFE7B77EFA51F987" blockId="22.[119,1505,1596,1663]" pageId="22" pageNumber="1010">
<emphasis id="F5836E478D11F626FFE7B77EFF50F9BD" bold="true" box="[119,221,1597,1618]" pageId="22" pageNumber="1010">Figure 10</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="00F7C9D68D11F626FF72B77FFD9DF9BD" authority="(Berlese)" baseAuthorityName="Berlese" baseAuthorityYear="1910" box="[226,528,1596,1618]" class="Arachnida" family="Eulohmanniidae" genus="Eulohmannia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Sarcoptiformes" pageId="22" pageNumber="1010" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="ribagai">
<emphasis id="F5836E478D11F626FF72B77FFE39F9BD" box="[226,436,1596,1618]" italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="1010">Eulohmannia ribagai</emphasis>
(Berlese)
</taxonomicName>
: A – larva, subcapitulum, ventral view, palps omitted; B – protonymph, adoral lip; C – deutonymph, subcapitulum, ventral view, one palp omitted; D – tritonymph, rutellum, ventral view; E – larva, palp, abaxial view; F – same, enlarged tarsus;
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="C748B2558D11F626FFE7B72AFB54F990" blockId="22.[119,1505,1596,1663]" box="[119,1241,1641,1663]" pageId="22" pageNumber="1010">G – larva, chelicera, abaxial view; H – tritonymph, chelicera, adaxial view. Scale bars 20 µm (A-E, G, H); 5 µm (F).</paragraph>
</caption>
<paragraph id="C748B2558D11F627FE7BB6A6FC70FECF" blockId="22.[491,1535,1780,2045]" lastBlockId="23.[491,1553,229,1567]" lastPageId="23" lastPageNumber="1011" pageId="22" pageNumber="1010">
The postpalpal seta (
<emphasis id="F5836E478D11F626FD5BB6A5FD69F812" box="[715,740,2022,2045]" italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="1010">ep</emphasis>
) is isodiametric and distally forked (
<figureCitation id="5FCCAED08D11F626FB1DB6A6FB74F812" box="[1165,1273,2021,2045]" captionStart="Figure 15" captionStartId="29.[119,192,1930,1951]" captionTargetBox="[103,1494,221,1877]" captionTargetId="figure-2@29.[103,1494,221,1877]" captionTargetPageId="29" captionText="Figure 15 Eulohmannia ribagai(Berlese): A – pretarsus of leg IV, deutonymph, lateral view; B – distal part of tarsus IV, adult (insert = enlargement of vestigial empodial claw); C – postpalpal seta of NY larva (top) and adult from Sweden (bottom); D – famulus of tritonymph abaxial view (with insertion of broken setaft”); E – same, adult from Cape Breton; F – same, adult from Sweden; G – larva, partial dorsal view of right genu I; H – larva, left tarsus I, ventral view (setaea” andpl” out of focus); I – same, deutonymph (setaplʹ out of focus); J – same, tritonymph; K – adult from Sweden, left tarsus I, adaxial view; L – same, but right tarsus, abaxial view; M – adult, lower portion of left tarsus I, adaxial view; N – microsculpture of tarsus I. Scale bars 20 µm (K, L); 10 µm (H-J, M); 5 µm (A, B, D-F); 2 µm (C, G, N)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7945696" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7945696/files/figure.png" pageId="22" pageNumber="1010">Fig. 15C</figureCitation>
), generally similar to supracoxal seta
<emphasis id="F5836E478D10F627FD08B1A5FD20FF12" box="[664,685,230,253]" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="1011">eI</emphasis>
, but depending on viewing angle the branches can be superimposed (
<figureCitation id="5FCCAED08D10F627FA40B1A6FD9AFECF" captionStart="Figure 11" captionStartId="24.[119,192,1693,1714]" captionTargetBox="[103,1494,221,1639]" captionTargetId="figure-2@24.[103,1494,221,1639]" captionTargetPageId="24" captionText="Figure 11 Eulohmannia ribagai(Berlese): A – adult, left anal and adanal plates, ventral view; B – larva, paraproctal region, slightly flattened" figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7945686" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7945686/files/figure.png" pageId="23" pageNumber="1011">Fig. 11F</figureCitation>
); rarely one branch is minute or even absent.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="C748B2558D10F627FD83B068FA68FDDB" blockId="23.[491,1553,229,1567]" pageId="23" pageNumber="1011">
The palp has four segments in all instars: the femur and (glabrous) genu are fully fused, lacking articulating cuticle, vestigial suture, or even change of thickness (
<figureCitation id="5FCCAED08D10F627FAB3B00EFA04FE8A" box="[1315,1417,333,357]" captionStart="Figure 11" captionStartId="24.[119,192,1693,1714]" captionTargetBox="[103,1494,221,1639]" captionTargetId="figure-2@24.[103,1494,221,1639]" captionTargetPageId="24" captionText="Figure 11 Eulohmannia ribagai(Berlese): A – adult, left anal and adanal plates, ventral view; B – larva, paraproctal region, slightly flattened" figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7945686" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7945686/files/figure.png" pageId="23" pageNumber="1011">Fig. 11F</figureCitation>
) to mark their juncture. Femoral seta
<emphasis id="F5836E478D10F627FC8CB033FCB5FE67" box="[796,824,368,392]" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="1011">inf</emphasis>
forms in the protonymph; otherwise, the setal complement is unchanging, with nymphs and the adult having the formula 0–[2+0]–2–7(+ ω). Setal forms are shown on
<figureCitation id="5FCCAED08D10F627FD17B0F6FD53FE22" box="[647,734,437,461]" captionStart="Figure 10" captionStartId="22.[119,192,1597,1618]" captionTargetBox="[113,1481,226,1519]" captionTargetId="figure-2@22.[103,1494,221,1543]" captionTargetPageId="22" captionText="Figure 10 Eulohmannia ribagai(Berlese): A – larva, subcapitulum, ventral view, palps omitted; B – protonymph, adoral lip; C – deutonymph, subcapitulum, ventral view, one palp omitted; D – tritonymph, rutellum, ventral view; E – larva, palp, abaxial view; F – same, enlarged tarsus; G – larva, chelicera, abaxial view; H – tritonymph, chelicera, adaxial view. Scale bars 20 µm (A-E, G, H); 5 µm (F)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7945684" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7945684/files/figure.png" pageId="23" pageNumber="1011">Figs 10</figureCitation>
(C, E, F) and 11 (F, G). On the tarsus, pair
<emphasis id="F5836E478D10F627FB2DB0F6FB5DFE22" box="[1213,1232,437,461]" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="1011">ul</emphasis>
() are eupathidial in all instars, terminal and distally directed, inserted almost in tandem vertically. The unpaired
<emphasis id="F5836E478D10F627FA36B09BFA5FFE00" box="[1446,1490,472,495]" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="1011">acm</emphasis>
is semi-erect, a normal, acicular seta in the larva (
<figureCitation id="5FCCAED08D10F627FB9FB0B9FBF7FDFD" box="[1039,1146,506,530]" captionStart="Figure 10" captionStartId="22.[119,192,1597,1618]" captionTargetBox="[113,1481,226,1519]" captionTargetId="figure-2@22.[103,1494,221,1543]" captionTargetPageId="22" captionText="Figure 10 Eulohmannia ribagai(Berlese): A – larva, subcapitulum, ventral view, palps omitted; B – protonymph, adoral lip; C – deutonymph, subcapitulum, ventral view, one palp omitted; D – tritonymph, rutellum, ventral view; E – larva, palp, abaxial view; F – same, enlarged tarsus; G – larva, chelicera, abaxial view; H – tritonymph, chelicera, adaxial view. Scale bars 20 µm (A-E, G, H); 5 µm (F)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7945684" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7945684/files/figure.png" pageId="23" pageNumber="1011">Fig. 10F</figureCitation>
), but in nymphs and adult it is eupathidial. There is no evidence of seta
<emphasis id="F5836E478D10F627FC0DB35EFC3EFDDB" box="[925,947,541,564]" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="1011">su</emphasis>
(=
<emphasis id="F5836E478D10F627FC49B35FFC7AFDDB" box="[985,1015,540,564]" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="1011">sul</emphasis>
) or its vestige in any instar. Tarsal solenidion
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="C748B2558D10F627FE7BB303FD4CFD96" blockId="23.[491,1553,229,1567]" pageId="23" pageNumber="1011">
ω is relatively thin, long, ceratiform, nearly straight and directed distally, closely parallel to seta
<emphasis id="F5836E478D10F627FD8BB322FDB4FD96" box="[539,569,609,633]" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="1011">ulʺ</emphasis>
(
<figureCitation id="5FCCAED08D10F627FDDCB322FD39FD96" box="[588,692,609,633]" captionStart="Figure 11" captionStartId="24.[119,192,1693,1714]" captionTargetBox="[103,1494,221,1639]" captionTargetId="figure-2@24.[103,1494,221,1639]" captionTargetPageId="24" captionText="Figure 11 Eulohmannia ribagai(Berlese): A – adult, left anal and adanal plates, ventral view; B – larva, paraproctal region, slightly flattened" figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7945686" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7945686/files/figure.png" pageId="23" pageNumber="1011">Fig. 11G</figureCitation>
).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="C748B2558D10F627FD83B3C6FCE9FC1A" blockId="23.[491,1553,229,1567]" pageId="23" pageNumber="1011">
In all instars the chelicera has a typical, chelate-dentate form (
<figureCitation id="5FCCAED08D10F627FB53B3C7FADCFD73" box="[1219,1361,644,668]" captionStart="Figure 10" captionStartId="22.[119,192,1597,1618]" captionTargetBox="[113,1481,226,1519]" captionTargetId="figure-2@22.[103,1494,221,1543]" captionTargetPageId="22" captionText="Figure 10 Eulohmannia ribagai(Berlese): A – larva, subcapitulum, ventral view, palps omitted; B – protonymph, adoral lip; C – deutonymph, subcapitulum, ventral view, one palp omitted; D – tritonymph, rutellum, ventral view; E – larva, palp, abaxial view; F – same, enlarged tarsus; G – larva, chelicera, abaxial view; H – tritonymph, chelicera, adaxial view. Scale bars 20 µm (A-E, G, H); 5 µm (F)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7945684" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7945684/files/figure.png" pageId="23" pageNumber="1011">Fig. 10G, H</figureCitation>
). The adaxial face of the cheliceral body is emarginated in its proximal half and there is a distinct paraxial oncophysis (
<emphasis id="F5836E478D10F627FDE3B38AFD1EFD0E" box="[627,659,713,737]" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="1011">opʹ</emphasis>
) and lamellated organ
<emphasis id="F5836E478D10F627FC05B38AFC2CFD0E" box="[917,929,713,737]" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="1011">l.</emphasis>
(
<emphasis id="F5836E478D10F627FC30B38AFC36FD0E" box="[928,955,713,737]" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="1011">or</emphasis>
). The edge of
<emphasis id="F5836E478D10F627FBCEB38AFB09FD0E" box="[1118,1156,713,737]" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="1011">l.or</emphasis>
can extend distally, producing a line that can be misinterpreted as belonging to Trägårdh’s organ, which is absent. Slightly above the center of the adaxial face there usually is a single small spine with minute teeth on its sides or distally, and above that are 3-4 vertical rows (differing in length) of small, uniform denticles; the movable digit has an oblique row of uniform, minute denticles at about mid-length on the abaxial face. The cheliceral frame attachment (line
<emphasis id="F5836E478D10F627FB4BB234FB79FC61" box="[1243,1268,887,910]" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="1011">en</emphasis>
) is somewhat distal, such that about a quarter of the chelicera is inserted through the body wall. Cheliceral seta
<emphasis id="F5836E478D10F627FA22B2DBFA69FC5F" box="[1458,1508,920,944]" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="1011">chb</emphasis>
inserts dorsolaterally in the distal third of the fixed digit—relatively short, acicular and nearly smooth;
<emphasis id="F5836E478D10F627FDD8B29EFDF8FC1A" box="[584,629,989,1013]" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="1011">cha</emphasis>
is absent in all instars.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="C748B2558D10F627FD83B543FA34FB4D" blockId="23.[491,1553,229,1567]" pageId="23" pageNumber="1011">
<emphasis id="F5836E478D10F627FD83B543FDC3FBF7" bold="true" box="[531,590,1024,1048]" pageId="23" pageNumber="1011">Legs</emphasis>
(
<figureCitation id="5FCCAED08D10F627FDC9B543FD5DFBF7" box="[601,720,1024,1048]" captionStart-0="Figure 12" captionStart-1="Figure 13" captionStart-2="Figure 14" captionStart-3="Figure 15" captionStartId-0="25.[119,192,1466,1487]" captionStartId-1="26.[119,192,1686,1707]" captionStartId-2="27.[119,192,1594,1615]" captionStartId-3="29.[119,192,1930,1951]" captionTargetBox-0="[117,1474,234,1395]" captionTargetBox-1="[122,1482,246,1627]" captionTargetBox-2="[117,1473,235,1501]" captionTargetBox-3="[103,1494,221,1877]" captionTargetId-0="figure-2@25.[103,1494,221,1412]" captionTargetId-1="figure-2@26.[103,1494,221,1632]" captionTargetId-2="figure-2@27.[103,1494,221,1540]" captionTargetId-3="figure-2@29.[103,1494,221,1877]" captionTargetPageId-0="25" captionTargetPageId-1="26" captionTargetPageId-2="27" captionTargetPageId-3="29" captionText-0="Figure 12 Eulohmannia ribagai(Berlese), larva: A – right leg I, abaxial view; B – left genu I, dorsal view; C – left leg II, adaxial view (slightly rotated dorsad); D – right leg III, adaxial view (slightly rotated dorsad). Scale bar 20 µm." captionText-1="Figure 13 Eulohmannia ribagai(Berlese): A – protonymph, right leg I, abaxial view; B – protonymph, left leg IV, abaxial view; C – deutonymph, right tarsus I, abaxial view (slightly rotated dorsad); D – deutonymph, left leg IV, abaxial. Scale bars 20 µm (A, B, D to same scale); 10 µm (C)." captionText-2="Figure 14 Eulohmannia ribagai(Berlese), tritonymph: A – right leg I, abaxial view (distal segments slightly ventral), with insert showing position of variable femoral seta vʹ; B – left leg II, ventro-adaxial (slightly twisted, some setae in distorted positions); C – left leg III, abaxial; D – left leg IV, abaxial. Scale bar 20 µm." captionText-3="Figure 15 Eulohmannia ribagai(Berlese): A – pretarsus of leg IV, deutonymph, lateral view; B – distal part of tarsus IV, adult (insert = enlargement of vestigial empodial claw); C – postpalpal seta of NY larva (top) and adult from Sweden (bottom); D – famulus of tritonymph abaxial view (with insertion of broken setaft”); E – same, adult from Cape Breton; F – same, adult from Sweden; G – larva, partial dorsal view of right genu I; H – larva, left tarsus I, ventral view (setaea” andpl” out of focus); I – same, deutonymph (setaplʹ out of focus); J – same, tritonymph; K – adult from Sweden, left tarsus I, adaxial view; L – same, but right tarsus, abaxial view; M – adult, lower portion of left tarsus I, adaxial view; N – microsculpture of tarsus I. Scale bars 20 µm (K, L); 10 µm (H-J, M); 5 µm (A, B, D-F); 2 µm (C, G, N)." figureDoi-0="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7945688" figureDoi-1="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7945692" figureDoi-2="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7945694" figureDoi-3="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7945696" httpUri-0="https://zenodo.org/record/7945688/files/figure.png" httpUri-1="https://zenodo.org/record/7945692/files/figure.png" httpUri-2="https://zenodo.org/record/7945694/files/figure.png" httpUri-3="https://zenodo.org/record/7945696/files/figure.png" pageId="23" pageNumber="1011">Figs 12-15</figureCitation>
) — Legs are relatively short, with leg I (the longest) averaging 0.38-, 0.41-, and 0.44-times body length for larva, nymphs and adult, respectively. Proportional leg length changes slightly during development. Legs I-III average 1: 0.89:
<quantity id="000F1FB08D10F627FAB6B506FAEBFBB2" box="[1318,1382,1093,1117]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.4892" pageId="23" pageNumber="1011" unit="in" value="0.98">0.98 in</quantity>
the larva; in nymphs, leg IV starts relatively small, but becomes proportionally larger, equaling leg I in the adult (legs I-IV average 1: 0.80: 0.85:
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Pn, 1: 0.80: 0.85: 0:
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Dn, 1: 0.80: 0.85:
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="C748B2558D10F627FE7BB5EFFC11FA59" blockId="23.[491,1553,229,1567]" pageId="23" pageNumber="1011">
0:
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Tn, 1: 0.85: 0.83:
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Ad). Leg form changes little during ontogeny: most notable are (a) a slight elongation of femur I, (b) development of a more pronounced proximal stalk on tarsus and tibia I, and (c) relative elongation of femur IV, which is about equal in length to the trochanter when formed in the protonymph, but about 1.3-1.4 longer in the adult. Throughout development tarsus I is swollen, compared to other tarsi. In all instars segments may have slight cuticular undulations, particularly ventrally, as well as a microsculpture of short, dense vermiform striae (
<figureCitation id="5FCCAED08D10F627FD3FB43FFCC9FA7B" box="[687,836,1404,1428]" captionStart="Figure 15" captionStartId="29.[119,192,1930,1951]" captionTargetBox="[103,1494,221,1877]" captionTargetId="figure-2@29.[103,1494,221,1877]" captionTargetPageId="29" captionText="Figure 15 Eulohmannia ribagai(Berlese): A – pretarsus of leg IV, deutonymph, lateral view; B – distal part of tarsus IV, adult (insert = enlargement of vestigial empodial claw); C – postpalpal seta of NY larva (top) and adult from Sweden (bottom); D – famulus of tritonymph abaxial view (with insertion of broken setaft”); E – same, adult from Cape Breton; F – same, adult from Sweden; G – larva, partial dorsal view of right genu I; H – larva, left tarsus I, ventral view (setaea” andpl” out of focus); I – same, deutonymph (setaplʹ out of focus); J – same, tritonymph; K – adult from Sweden, left tarsus I, adaxial view; L – same, but right tarsus, abaxial view; M – adult, lower portion of left tarsus I, adaxial view; N – microsculpture of tarsus I. Scale bars 20 µm (K, L); 10 µm (H-J, M); 5 µm (A, B, D-F); 2 µm (C, G, N)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7945696" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7945696/files/figure.png" pageId="23" pageNumber="1011">Fig. 15M, N</figureCitation>
). There are no porose areas, and the so-called ‘genual pore’ (
<bibRefCitation id="A366CFA48D10F627FE62B4DDFD2DFA59" author="Grandjean F." box="[498,672,1438,1462]" pageId="23" pageNumber="1011" pagination="62 - 69" refId="ref49789" refString="Grandjean F. 1940. Observations sur les Oribates (13 e serie). Bull. Mus. nat. Hist. natur. (2), 12: 62 - 69." type="journal article" year="1940">Grandjean 1940</bibRefCitation>
) is absent in all instars.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="C748B2558D10F627FD83B482F99CF9F1" blockId="23.[491,1553,229,1567]" pageId="23" pageNumber="1011">
Juveniles have a monodactylous pretarsus; the empodium is a strong claw with a pair of rows of minute barbs on its dorsal curvature and a distinct, straight, ventral spine close to its base (
<figureCitation id="5FCCAED08D10F627FDBDB745FD1AF9F1" box="[557,663,1542,1566]" captionStart="Figure 15" captionStartId="29.[119,192,1930,1951]" captionTargetBox="[103,1494,221,1877]" captionTargetId="figure-2@29.[103,1494,221,1877]" captionTargetPageId="29" captionText="Figure 15 Eulohmannia ribagai(Berlese): A – pretarsus of leg IV, deutonymph, lateral view; B – distal part of tarsus IV, adult (insert = enlargement of vestigial empodial claw); C – postpalpal seta of NY larva (top) and adult from Sweden (bottom); D – famulus of tritonymph abaxial view (with insertion of broken setaft”); E – same, adult from Cape Breton; F – same, adult from Sweden; G – larva, partial dorsal view of right genu I; H – larva, left tarsus I, ventral view (setaea” andpl” out of focus); I – same, deutonymph (setaplʹ out of focus); J – same, tritonymph; K – adult from Sweden, left tarsus I, adaxial view; L – same, but right tarsus, abaxial view; M – adult, lower portion of left tarsus I, adaxial view; N – microsculpture of tarsus I. Scale bars 20 µm (K, L); 10 µm (H-J, M); 5 µm (A, B, D-F); 2 µm (C, G, N)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7945696" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7945696/files/figure.png" pageId="23" pageNumber="1011">Fig. 15A</figureCitation>
). In the adult, the empodium regresses, being represented by two minute, blunt,
</paragraph>
<caption id="9388E2DD8D10F627FFE7B72DFDF3F975" pageId="23" pageNumber="1011" startId="23.[119,178,1646,1667]" targetType="table">
<paragraph id="C748B2558D10F627FFE7B72DFDF3F975" blockId="23.[119,1482,1645,1690]" pageId="23" pageNumber="1011">
<emphasis id="F5836E478D10F627FFE7B72DFF4BF96C" bold="true" box="[119,198,1646,1667]" pageId="23" pageNumber="1011">Table 2</emphasis>
Size (in µm) of gnathosomal structures during ontogeny in New York population of
<taxonomicName id="00F7C9D68D10F627FB82B72EFAF4F96C" authority="(Berlese, 1910)" baseAuthorityName="Berlese" baseAuthorityYear="1910" box="[1042,1401,1645,1667]" class="Arachnida" family="Eulohmanniidae" genus="Eulohmannia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Sarcoptiformes" pageId="23" pageNumber="1011" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="ribagai">
<emphasis id="F5836E478D10F627FB82B72EFB64F96C" box="[1042,1257,1645,1667]" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="1011">Eulohmannia ribagai</emphasis>
(Berlese, 1910)
</taxonomicName>
during ontogeny (data from 2–4 individuals of each instar).
</paragraph>
</caption>
<paragraph id="C748B2558D10F627FF3AB799FAFBF81F" pageId="23" pageNumber="1011">
<table id="B5F740F58D1009CFFFFBB799FA3AF81F" box="[107,1463,1754,2032]" colsContinueFrom="16.[110,1471,1474,2032]" gridcols="6" gridrows="12" pageId="23" pageNumber="1011">
<tr id="79C7B0178D1009CFFFFBB799FA3AF906" box="[107,1463,1754,1769]" gridrow="0" pageId="23" pageNumber="1011">
<th id="3A16D96B8D1009CFFFFBB799FE94F906" box="[107,281,1754,1769]" gridcol="0" gridrow="0" pageId="23" pageNumber="1011">Characters</th>
<th id="3A16D96B8D1009CFFEEBB799FE68F906" box="[379,485,1754,1769]" gridcol="1" gridrow="0" pageId="23" pageNumber="1011">Larva</th>
<th id="3A16D96B8D1009CFFDD3B799FD79F906" box="[579,756,1754,1769]" gridcol="2" gridrow="0" pageId="23" pageNumber="1011">Protonymph</th>
<th id="3A16D96B8D1009CFFCBEB799FC6DF906" box="[814,992,1754,1769]" gridcol="3" gridrow="0" pageId="23" pageNumber="1011">Deutonymph</th>
<th id="3A16D96B8D1009CFFB9DB799FB56F906" box="[1037,1243,1754,1769]" gridcol="4" gridrow="0" pageId="23" pageNumber="1011">Tritonymph</th>
<th id="3A16D96B8D1009CFFA96B799FA3AF906" box="[1286,1463,1754,1769]" gridcol="5" gridrow="0" pageId="23" pageNumber="1011">Adult</th>
</tr>
<tr id="79C7B0178D1009CFFFFBB7B2FA3AF8EF" box="[107,1463,1777,1792]" gridrow="1" pageId="23" pageNumber="1011">
<th id="3A16D96B8D1009CFFFFBB7B2FE94F8EF" box="[107,281,1777,1792]" gridcol="0" gridrow="1" pageId="23" pageNumber="1011">Length of subcapitulum</th>
<td id="3A16D96B8D1009CFFEEBB7B2FE68F8EF" box="[379,485,1777,1792]" gridcol="1" gridrow="1" pageId="23" pageNumber="1011">82–86</td>
<td id="3A16D96B8D1009CFFDD3B7B2FD79F8EF" box="[579,756,1777,1792]" gridcol="2" gridrow="1" pageId="23" pageNumber="1011">98–102</td>
<td id="3A16D96B8D1009CFFCBEB7B2FC6DF8EF" box="[814,992,1777,1792]" gridcol="3" gridrow="1" pageId="23" pageNumber="1011">114–118</td>
<td id="3A16D96B8D1009CFFB9DB7B2FB56F8EF" box="[1037,1243,1777,1792]" gridcol="4" gridrow="1" pageId="23" pageNumber="1011">123</td>
<td id="3A16D96B8D1009CFFA96B7B2FA3AF8EF" box="[1286,1463,1777,1792]" gridcol="5" gridrow="1" pageId="23" pageNumber="1011">125–127</td>
</tr>
<tr id="79C7B0178D1009CFFFFBB64AFA3AF8F7" box="[107,1463,1801,1816]" gridrow="2" pageId="23" pageNumber="1011">
<th id="3A16D96B8D1009CFFFFBB64AFE94F8F7" box="[107,281,1801,1816]" gridcol="0" gridrow="2" pageId="23" pageNumber="1011">Width of subcapitulum</th>
<td id="3A16D96B8D1009CFFEEBB64AFE68F8F7" box="[379,485,1801,1816]" gridcol="1" gridrow="2" pageId="23" pageNumber="1011">65–73</td>
<td id="3A16D96B8D1009CFFDD3B64AFD79F8F7" box="[579,756,1801,1816]" gridcol="2" gridrow="2" pageId="23" pageNumber="1011">77–82</td>
<td id="3A16D96B8D1009CFFCBEB64AFC6DF8F7" box="[814,992,1801,1816]" gridcol="3" gridrow="2" pageId="23" pageNumber="1011">90–98</td>
<td id="3A16D96B8D1009CFFB9DB64AFB56F8F7" box="[1037,1243,1801,1816]" gridcol="4" gridrow="2" pageId="23" pageNumber="1011">98</td>
<td id="3A16D96B8D1009CFFA96B64AFA3AF8F7" box="[1286,1463,1801,1816]" gridcol="5" gridrow="2" pageId="23" pageNumber="1011">92–100</td>
</tr>
<tr id="79C7B0178D1009CFFFFBB663FA3AF8C0" box="[107,1463,1824,1839]" gridrow="3" pageId="23" pageNumber="1011">
<th id="3A16D96B8D1009CFFFFBB663FE94F8C0" box="[107,281,1824,1839]" gridcol="0" gridrow="3" pageId="23" pageNumber="1011">
Length of seta
<emphasis id="F5836E478D10F627FF47B663FF6DF8C0" box="[215,224,1824,1839]" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="1011">a</emphasis>
</th>
<td id="3A16D96B8D1009CFFEEBB663FE68F8C0" box="[379,485,1824,1839]" gridcol="1" gridrow="3" pageId="23" pageNumber="1011">16–18</td>
<td id="3A16D96B8D1009CFFDD3B663FD79F8C0" box="[579,756,1824,1839]" gridcol="2" gridrow="3" pageId="23" pageNumber="1011">20</td>
<td id="3A16D96B8D1009CFFCBEB663FC6DF8C0" box="[814,992,1824,1839]" gridcol="3" gridrow="3" pageId="23" pageNumber="1011">24–28</td>
<td id="3A16D96B8D1009CFFB9DB663FB56F8C0" box="[1037,1243,1824,1839]" gridcol="4" gridrow="3" pageId="23" pageNumber="1011">32</td>
<td id="3A16D96B8D1009CFFA96B663FA3AF8C0" box="[1286,1463,1824,1839]" gridcol="5" gridrow="3" pageId="23" pageNumber="1011">34–39</td>
</tr>
<tr id="79C7B0178D1009CFFFFBB674FA3AF8A9" box="[107,1463,1847,1862]" gridrow="4" pageId="23" pageNumber="1011">
<th id="3A16D96B8D1009CFFFFBB674FE94F8A9" box="[107,281,1847,1862]" gridcol="0" gridrow="4" pageId="23" pageNumber="1011">
Length of seta
<emphasis id="F5836E478D10F627FF47B674FF69F8A9" box="[215,228,1847,1862]" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="1011">m</emphasis>
</th>
<td id="3A16D96B8D1009CFFEEBB674FE68F8A9" box="[379,485,1847,1862]" gridcol="1" gridrow="4" pageId="23" pageNumber="1011">12–14</td>
<td id="3A16D96B8D1009CFFDD3B674FD79F8A9" box="[579,756,1847,1862]" gridcol="2" gridrow="4" pageId="23" pageNumber="1011">16</td>
<td id="3A16D96B8D1009CFFCBEB674FC6DF8A9" box="[814,992,1847,1862]" gridcol="3" gridrow="4" pageId="23" pageNumber="1011">20</td>
<td id="3A16D96B8D1009CFFB9DB674FB56F8A9" box="[1037,1243,1847,1862]" gridcol="4" gridrow="4" pageId="23" pageNumber="1011">24</td>
<td id="3A16D96B8D1009CFFA96B674FA3AF8A9" box="[1286,1463,1847,1862]" gridcol="5" gridrow="4" pageId="23" pageNumber="1011">21–26</td>
</tr>
<tr id="79C7B0178D1009CFFFFBB60DFA3AF8B2" box="[107,1463,1870,1885]" gridrow="5" pageId="23" pageNumber="1011">
<th id="3A16D96B8D1009CFFFFBB60DFE94F8B2" box="[107,281,1870,1885]" gridcol="0" gridrow="5" pageId="23" pageNumber="1011">
Length of seta
<emphasis id="F5836E478D10F627FF47B60DFF6DF8B2" box="[215,224,1870,1885]" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="1011">h</emphasis>
</th>
<td id="3A16D96B8D1009CFFEEBB60DFE68F8B2" box="[379,485,1870,1885]" gridcol="1" gridrow="5" pageId="23" pageNumber="1011">12–14</td>
<td id="3A16D96B8D1009CFFDD3B60DFD79F8B2" box="[579,756,1870,1885]" gridcol="2" gridrow="5" pageId="23" pageNumber="1011">16</td>
<td id="3A16D96B8D1009CFFCBEB60DFC6DF8B2" box="[814,992,1870,1885]" gridcol="3" gridrow="5" pageId="23" pageNumber="1011">20</td>
<td id="3A16D96B8D1009CFFB9DB60DFB56F8B2" box="[1037,1243,1870,1885]" gridcol="4" gridrow="5" pageId="23" pageNumber="1011">24</td>
<td id="3A16D96B8D1009CFFA96B60DFA3AF8B2" box="[1286,1463,1870,1885]" gridcol="5" gridrow="5" pageId="23" pageNumber="1011">25–26</td>
</tr>
<tr id="79C7B0178D1009CFFFFBB627FA3AF898" box="[107,1463,1892,1911]" gridrow="6" pageId="23" pageNumber="1011">
<th id="3A16D96B8D1009CFFFFBB627FE94F898" box="[107,281,1892,1911]" gridcol="0" gridrow="6" pageId="23" pageNumber="1011">Length of adoral setae</th>
<td id="3A16D96B8D1009CFFEEBB627FE68F898" box="[379,485,1892,1911]" gridcol="1" gridrow="6" pageId="23" pageNumber="1011">
<emphasis id="F5836E478D10F627FEEBB626FE06F89A" box="[379,395,1893,1909]" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="1011">or</emphasis>
1: 8;
<emphasis id="F5836E478D10F627FE20B626FE4DF89A" box="[432,448,1893,1909]" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="1011">or</emphasis>
2: 12
</td>
<td id="3A16D96B8D1009CFFDD3B627FD79F898" box="[579,756,1892,1911]" gridcol="2" gridrow="6" pageId="23" pageNumber="1011">
<emphasis id="F5836E478D10F627FDD3B626FDDEF89A" box="[579,595,1893,1909]" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="1011">or</emphasis>
1: 10–12;
<emphasis id="F5836E478D10F627FD0DB626FD20F89A" box="[669,685,1893,1909]" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="1011">or</emphasis>
2: 14–16;
</td>
<td id="3A16D96B8D1009CFFCBEB627FC6DF898" box="[814,992,1892,1911]" gridcol="3" gridrow="6" pageId="23" pageNumber="1011">
<emphasis id="F5836E478D10F627FCBEB626FCB3F89A" box="[814,830,1893,1909]" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="1011">or</emphasis>
1: 14–16;
<emphasis id="F5836E478D10F627FC19B626FC14F89A" box="[905,921,1893,1909]" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="1011">or</emphasis>
2: 18–20;
</td>
<td id="3A16D96B8D1009CFFB9DB627FB56F898" box="[1037,1243,1892,1911]" gridcol="4" gridrow="6" pageId="23" pageNumber="1011">
<emphasis id="F5836E478D10F627FB9DB626FB90F89A" box="[1037,1053,1893,1909]" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="1011">or</emphasis>
1: 16–18;
<emphasis id="F5836E478D10F627FBF7B626FBFAF89A" box="[1127,1143,1893,1909]" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="1011">or</emphasis>
2: 22;
<emphasis id="F5836E478D10F627FB36B626FB3BF89A" box="[1190,1206,1893,1909]" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="1011">or</emphasis>
3: 14
</td>
<td id="3A16D96B8D1009CFFA96B627FA3AF898" box="[1286,1463,1892,1911]" gridcol="5" gridrow="6" pageId="23" pageNumber="1011">
<emphasis id="F5836E478D10F627FA96B626FA9BF89A" box="[1286,1302,1893,1909]" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="1011">or</emphasis>
1: 16–17;
<emphasis id="F5836E478D10F627FAF1B626FAFCF89A" box="[1377,1393,1893,1909]" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="1011">or</emphasis>
2: 20–22;
</td>
</tr>
<tr id="79C7B0178D1009CFFFFBB63DFA3AF87E" box="[107,1463,1918,1937]" gridrow="7" pageId="23" pageNumber="1011" rowspan-0="1" rowspan-1="1" rowspan-4="1">
<td id="3A16D96B8D1009CFFDD3B63DFD79F87E" box="[579,756,1918,1937]" gridcol="2" gridrow="7" pageId="23" pageNumber="1011">
<emphasis id="F5836E478D10F627FD16B63CFD1BF860" box="[646,662,1919,1935]" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="1011">or</emphasis>
3: 8
</td>
<td id="3A16D96B8D1009CFFCBEB63DFC6DF87E" box="[814,992,1918,1937]" gridcol="3" gridrow="7" pageId="23" pageNumber="1011">
<emphasis id="F5836E478D10F627FCF0B63CFCFDF860" box="[864,880,1919,1935]" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="1011">or</emphasis>
3: 10–12
</td>
<td id="3A16D96B8D1009CFFA96B63DFA3AF87E" box="[1286,1463,1918,1937]" gridcol="5" gridrow="7" pageId="23" pageNumber="1011">
<emphasis id="F5836E478D10F627FAA8B63CFAC5F860" box="[1336,1352,1919,1935]" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="1011">or</emphasis>
3: 19–20
</td>
</tr>
<tr id="79C7B0178D1009CFFFFBB6DFFA3AF844" box="[107,1463,1948,1963]" gridrow="8" pageId="23" pageNumber="1011">
<th id="3A16D96B8D1009CFFFFBB6DFFE94F844" box="[107,281,1948,1963]" gridcol="0" gridrow="8" pageId="23" pageNumber="1011">Length of palp</th>
<td id="3A16D96B8D1009CFFEEBB6DFFE68F844" box="[379,485,1948,1963]" gridcol="1" gridrow="8" pageId="23" pageNumber="1011">53–57</td>
<td id="3A16D96B8D1009CFFDD3B6DFFD79F844" box="[579,756,1948,1963]" gridcol="2" gridrow="8" pageId="23" pageNumber="1011">61</td>
<td id="3A16D96B8D1009CFFCBEB6DFFC6DF844" box="[814,992,1948,1963]" gridcol="3" gridrow="8" pageId="23" pageNumber="1011">73</td>
<td id="3A16D96B8D1009CFFB9DB6DFFB56F844" box="[1037,1243,1948,1963]" gridcol="4" gridrow="8" pageId="23" pageNumber="1011">82</td>
<td id="3A16D96B8D1009CFFA96B6DFFA3AF844" box="[1286,1463,1948,1963]" gridcol="5" gridrow="8" pageId="23" pageNumber="1011">77–82</td>
</tr>
<tr id="79C7B0178D1009CFFFFBB6F0FA3AF82D" box="[107,1463,1971,1986]" gridrow="9" pageId="23" pageNumber="1011">
<th id="3A16D96B8D1009CFFFFBB6F0FE94F82D" box="[107,281,1971,1986]" gridcol="0" gridrow="9" pageId="23" pageNumber="1011">
Length of seta
<emphasis id="F5836E478D10F627FF47B6F0FF65F82D" box="[215,232,1971,1986]" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="1011">ep</emphasis>
</th>
<td id="3A16D96B8D1009CFFEEBB6F0FE68F82D" box="[379,485,1971,1986]" gridcol="1" gridrow="9" pageId="23" pageNumber="1011">8</td>
<td id="3A16D96B8D1009CFFDD3B6F0FD79F82D" box="[579,756,1971,1986]" gridcol="2" gridrow="9" pageId="23" pageNumber="1011">8</td>
<td id="3A16D96B8D1009CFFCBEB6F0FC6DF82D" box="[814,992,1971,1986]" gridcol="3" gridrow="9" pageId="23" pageNumber="1011">10</td>
<td id="3A16D96B8D1009CFFB9DB6F0FB56F82D" box="[1037,1243,1971,1986]" gridcol="4" gridrow="9" pageId="23" pageNumber="1011">10</td>
<td id="3A16D96B8D1009CFFA96B6F0FA3AF82D" box="[1286,1463,1971,1986]" gridcol="5" gridrow="9" pageId="23" pageNumber="1011">11–12</td>
</tr>
<tr id="79C7B0178D1009CFFFFBB689FA3AF836" box="[107,1463,1994,2009]" gridrow="10" pageId="23" pageNumber="1011">
<th id="3A16D96B8D1009CFFFFBB689FE94F836" box="[107,281,1994,2009]" gridcol="0" gridrow="10" pageId="23" pageNumber="1011">Length of chelicera</th>
<td id="3A16D96B8D1009CFFEEBB689FE68F836" box="[379,485,1994,2009]" gridcol="1" gridrow="10" pageId="23" pageNumber="1011">82–90</td>
<td id="3A16D96B8D1009CFFDD3B689FD79F836" box="[579,756,1994,2009]" gridcol="2" gridrow="10" pageId="23" pageNumber="1011">102–106</td>
<td id="3A16D96B8D1009CFFCBEB689FC6DF836" box="[814,992,1994,2009]" gridcol="3" gridrow="10" pageId="23" pageNumber="1011">114–118</td>
<td id="3A16D96B8D1009CFFB9DB689FB56F836" box="[1037,1243,1994,2009]" gridcol="4" gridrow="10" pageId="23" pageNumber="1011">126–128</td>
<td id="3A16D96B8D1009CFFA96B689FA3AF836" box="[1286,1463,1994,2009]" gridcol="5" gridrow="10" pageId="23" pageNumber="1011">141–151</td>
</tr>
<tr id="79C7B0178D1009CFFFFBB6A2FA3AF81F" box="[107,1463,2017,2032]" gridrow="11" pageId="23" pageNumber="1011">
<th id="3A16D96B8D1009CFFFFBB6A2FE94F81F" box="[107,281,2017,2032]" gridcol="0" gridrow="11" pageId="23" pageNumber="1011">
Length of seta
<emphasis id="F5836E478D10F627FF47B6A2FF7CF81F" box="[215,241,2017,2032]" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="1011">cha</emphasis>
</th>
<td id="3A16D96B8D1009CFFEEBB6A2FE68F81F" box="[379,485,2017,2032]" gridcol="1" gridrow="11" pageId="23" pageNumber="1011">8–10</td>
<td id="3A16D96B8D1009CFFDD3B6A2FD79F81F" box="[579,756,2017,2032]" gridcol="2" gridrow="11" pageId="23" pageNumber="1011">10</td>
<td id="3A16D96B8D1009CFFCBEB6A2FC6DF81F" box="[814,992,2017,2032]" gridcol="3" gridrow="11" pageId="23" pageNumber="1011">12</td>
<td id="3A16D96B8D1009CFFB9DB6A2FB56F81F" box="[1037,1243,2017,2032]" gridcol="4" gridrow="11" pageId="23" pageNumber="1011">13–16</td>
<td id="3A16D96B8D1009CFFA96B6A2FA3AF81F" box="[1286,1463,2017,2032]" gridcol="5" gridrow="11" pageId="23" pageNumber="1011">13–14</td>
</tr>
</table>
</paragraph>
<caption id="9388E2DD8D1FF628FFE7B7DEFA6AF95D" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7945686" ID-Zenodo-Dep="7945686" box="[119,1511,1692,1714]" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7945686/files/figure.png" pageId="24" pageNumber="1012" startId="24.[119,192,1693,1714]" targetBox="[103,1494,221,1639]" targetPageId="24" targetType="figure">
<paragraph id="C748B2558D1FF628FFE7B7DEFA6AF95D" blockId="24.[117,1551,1692,1805]" box="[119,1511,1692,1714]" pageId="24" pageNumber="1012">
<emphasis id="F5836E478D1FF628FFE7B7DEFF51F95D" bold="true" box="[119,220,1693,1714]" pageId="24" pageNumber="1012">Figure 11</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="00F7C9D68D1FF628FF72B7DFFD9DF95D" authority="(Berlese)" baseAuthorityName="Berlese" baseAuthorityYear="1910" box="[226,528,1692,1714]" class="Arachnida" family="Eulohmanniidae" genus="Eulohmannia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Sarcoptiformes" pageId="24" pageNumber="1012" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="ribagai">
<emphasis id="F5836E478D1FF628FF72B7DFFE39F95D" box="[226,436,1692,1714]" italics="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="1012">Eulohmannia ribagai</emphasis>
(Berlese)
</taxonomicName>
: A – adult, left anal and adanal plates, ventral view; B – larva, paraproctal region, slightly flattened
</paragraph>
</caption>
<paragraph id="C748B2558D1FF628FA77B7DFFA66F95D" blockId="24.[117,1551,1692,1805]" box="[1511,1515,1692,1714]" pageId="24" pageNumber="1012">,</paragraph>
<paragraph id="C748B2558D1FF628FFE6B7F0FA65F926" blockId="24.[117,1551,1692,1805]" box="[118,1512,1715,1740]" pageId="24" pageNumber="1012">
ventral view (upper right insert = enlarged seta
<emphasis id="F5836E478D1FF628FDD6B7F7FDD6F926" box="[582,603,1716,1737]" italics="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="1012">ps</emphasis>
<subScript id="5B73B0108D1FF628FDCCB7FDFDE9F923" attach="left" box="[604,612,1726,1740]" fontSize="6" pageId="24" pageNumber="1012">1</subScript>
); C – same, protonymph (
<collectingCountry id="BFE0F2C58D1FF628FCFAB7F0FC3BF926" box="[874,950,1715,1737]" name="Austria" pageId="24" pageNumber="1012">Austria</collectingCountry>
); D – adult, labrum, focused on embedded sclerites; E
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="C748B2558D1FF628FFE5B789FA43F919" blockId="24.[117,1551,1692,1805]" pageId="24" pageNumber="1012">
– same, slightly oblique, surface of distal two-thirds showing transverse bands of denticles (
<collectingCountry id="BFE0F2C58D1FF628FB8AB789FBE2F90F" box="[1050,1135,1738,1760]" name="Sweden" pageId="24" pageNumber="1012">Sweden</collectingCountry>
); F – adult, right palp and subcapitulum abaxial view (seta
<emphasis id="F5836E478D1FF628FEBAB7A2FEC7F919" box="[298,330,1761,1782]" italics="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="1012">sup</emphasis>
out of focus); G – same, tip of palp tarsus, abaxial (upper; seta
<emphasis id="F5836E478D1FF628FC20B7A3FC4AF919" box="[944,967,1760,1782]" italics="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="1012">ltʺ</emphasis>
out of focus) and adaxial (lower) surface. Scale bars
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="C748B2558D1FF628F99BB789F982F90F" blockId="24.[117,1551,1692,1805]" box="[1547,1551,1738,1760]" pageId="24" pageNumber="1012">,</paragraph>
<paragraph id="C748B2558D1FF628FFE6B7B4FE21F8E2" blockId="24.[117,1551,1692,1805]" box="[118,428,1783,1805]" pageId="24" pageNumber="1012">10 µm (A-C, F, G); 5 µm (D-E).</paragraph>
<paragraph id="C748B2558D1FF628FE7BB6C0FA6CF852" blockId="24.[491,1533,1923,2016]" pageId="24" pageNumber="1012">
tandem, basally-fused spines emerging from the basilar piece (
<figureCitation id="5FCCAED08D1FF628FB3BB6C0FA99F874" box="[1195,1300,1923,1947]" captionStart="Figure 15" captionStartId="29.[119,192,1930,1951]" captionTargetBox="[103,1494,221,1877]" captionTargetId="figure-2@29.[103,1494,221,1877]" captionTargetPageId="29" captionText="Figure 15 Eulohmannia ribagai(Berlese): A – pretarsus of leg IV, deutonymph, lateral view; B – distal part of tarsus IV, adult (insert = enlargement of vestigial empodial claw); C – postpalpal seta of NY larva (top) and adult from Sweden (bottom); D – famulus of tritonymph abaxial view (with insertion of broken setaft”); E – same, adult from Cape Breton; F – same, adult from Sweden; G – larva, partial dorsal view of right genu I; H – larva, left tarsus I, ventral view (setaea” andpl” out of focus); I – same, deutonymph (setaplʹ out of focus); J – same, tritonymph; K – adult from Sweden, left tarsus I, adaxial view; L – same, but right tarsus, abaxial view; M – adult, lower portion of left tarsus I, adaxial view; N – microsculpture of tarsus I. Scale bars 20 µm (K, L); 10 µm (H-J, M); 5 µm (A, B, D-F); 2 µm (C, G, N)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7945696" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7945696/files/figure.png" pageId="24" pageNumber="1012">Fig. 15B</figureCitation>
; see also
<bibRefCitation id="A366CFA48D1FF628FAECB6C0FDD6F852" author="Alberti G. &amp; Coons B." pageId="24" pageNumber="1012" pagination="515 - 1265" refId="ref47261" refString="Alberti G., Coons B. 1999. Acari - Mites. In: Harrison F. W., Foelix R. F. (Eds). Microscopic anatomy of invertebrates. Volume 8 C: Chelicerate Arthropoda. New York: Wiley-Liss. p. 515 - 1265." type="book chapter" year="1999">Alberti and Coons 1999</bibRefCitation>
, their Fig. 112D) that perhaps correspond to the claw and basal spine in juveniles;
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="C748B2558D1FF629FE7BB68BFD6DF99B" blockId="24.[491,1533,1923,2016]" lastBlockId="25.[491,1537,1628,2032]" lastPageId="25" lastPageNumber="1013" pageId="24" pageNumber="1012">the pair of strong lateral claws are equal in size, with weak barbs on the dorsal curvature. There are no condylophores.</paragraph>
<caption id="9388E2DD8D1EF629FFE7B4F9FB8EFA09" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7945688" ID-Zenodo-Dep="7945688" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7945688/files/figure.png" pageId="25" pageNumber="1013" startId="25.[119,192,1466,1487]" targetBox="[117,1474,234,1395]" targetPageId="25" targetType="figure">
<paragraph id="C748B2558D1EF629FFE7B4F9FB8EFA09" blockId="25.[119,1515,1466,1510]" pageId="25" pageNumber="1013">
<emphasis id="F5836E478D1EF629FFE7B4F9FF50FA20" bold="true" box="[119,221,1466,1487]" pageId="25" pageNumber="1013">Figure 12</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="00F7C9D68D1EF629FF71B4F9FD80FA3F" authority="(Berlese)" baseAuthorityName="Berlese" baseAuthorityYear="1910" box="[225,525,1466,1488]" class="Arachnida" family="Eulohmanniidae" genus="Eulohmannia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Sarcoptiformes" pageId="25" pageNumber="1013" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="ribagai">
<emphasis id="F5836E478D1EF629FF71B4F9FE3EFA3F" box="[225,435,1466,1488]" italics="true" pageId="25" pageNumber="1013">Eulohmannia ribagai</emphasis>
(Berlese)
</taxonomicName>
, larva: A – right leg I, abaxial view; B – left genu I, dorsal view; C – left leg II, adaxial view (slightly rotated dorsad); D – right leg III, adaxial view (slightly rotated dorsad). Scale bar 20 µm.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<paragraph id="C748B2558D1EF629FD83B73CFA59F81F" blockId="25.[491,1537,1628,2032]" pageId="25" pageNumber="1013">
In general, normal (non-eupathidial) leg setae are relatively thin, attenuate and with small, inconspicuous barbs; on tarsus I adaxial setae of the
<emphasis id="F5836E478D1EF629FBB2B7E1FBA3F956" box="[1058,1070,1698,1721]" italics="true" pageId="25" pageNumber="1013">c</emphasis>
-row, particularly
<emphasis id="F5836E478D1EF629FB7EB7E1FB77F956" box="[1262,1274,1698,1721]" italics="true" pageId="25" pageNumber="1013">c</emphasis>
<subScript id="5B73B0108D1EF629FB6AB7EEFA8EF951" attach="both" box="[1274,1283,1709,1726]" fontSize="7" pageId="25" pageNumber="1013">1</subScript>
ʹ, usually are more distinctly and densely barbed (
<figureCitation id="5FCCAED08D1EF629FCC0B787FC32F933" box="[848,959,1732,1756]" captionStart="Figure 15" captionStartId="29.[119,192,1930,1951]" captionTargetBox="[103,1494,221,1877]" captionTargetId="figure-2@29.[103,1494,221,1877]" captionTargetPageId="29" captionText="Figure 15 Eulohmannia ribagai(Berlese): A – pretarsus of leg IV, deutonymph, lateral view; B – distal part of tarsus IV, adult (insert = enlargement of vestigial empodial claw); C – postpalpal seta of NY larva (top) and adult from Sweden (bottom); D – famulus of tritonymph abaxial view (with insertion of broken setaft”); E – same, adult from Cape Breton; F – same, adult from Sweden; G – larva, partial dorsal view of right genu I; H – larva, left tarsus I, ventral view (setaea” andpl” out of focus); I – same, deutonymph (setaplʹ out of focus); J – same, tritonymph; K – adult from Sweden, left tarsus I, adaxial view; L – same, but right tarsus, abaxial view; M – adult, lower portion of left tarsus I, adaxial view; N – microsculpture of tarsus I. Scale bars 20 µm (K, L); 10 µm (H-J, M); 5 µm (A, B, D-F); 2 µm (C, G, N)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7945696" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7945696/files/figure.png" pageId="25" pageNumber="1013">Fig. 15M</figureCitation>
). Numerical formulas for the chaetome of each instar are given in
<tableCitation id="8A7587EE8D1EF629FDE8B7A5FD45F911" box="[632,712,1766,1790]" captionStart="Table 3" captionStartId="28.[515,574,1218,1239]" captionText="Table 3 Numerical formulas for leg setation during ontogeny ofEulohmannia ribagai(Berlese," pageId="25" pageNumber="1013">Table 3</tableCitation>
, and the homologies identified in
<tableCitation id="8A7587EE8D1EF629FBC3B7A5FB25F911" box="[1107,1192,1766,1790]" captionStart="Table 4" captionStartId="30.[119,178,682,703]" captionText="Table 4 Development of leg setation inEulohmannia ribagai(Berlese, 1910) 1" pageId="25" pageNumber="1013">Table 4</tableCitation>
. Unusual or otherwise notable features include the following.
<emphasis id="F5836E478D1EF629FCA7B649FC1EF8CE" box="[823,915,1802,1825]" italics="true" pageId="25" pageNumber="1013">Femora.</emphasis>
On femora I and II, lateral setae exhibit strong vertical displacement (basculation), with
<emphasis id="F5836E478D1EF629FCDEB668FCD6F8AC" box="[846,859,1835,1859]" italics="true" pageId="25" pageNumber="1013">lʹ</emphasis>
higher and
<emphasis id="F5836E478D1EF629FC4CB668FC62F8AC" box="[988,1007,1835,1859]" italics="true" pageId="25" pageNumber="1013">lʺ</emphasis>
lower (almost at level of
<emphasis id="F5836E478D1EF629FA93B668FA97F8AC" box="[1283,1306,1835,1859]" italics="true" pageId="25" pageNumber="1013">vʺ</emphasis>
) than the typical lateral position.
<emphasis id="F5836E478D1EF629FD0BB60CFD6DF889" box="[667,736,1871,1894]" italics="true" pageId="25" pageNumber="1013">Genua</emphasis>
. On genu I–III, seta
<emphasis id="F5836E478D1EF629FC53B60DFC5DF889" box="[963,976,1870,1894]" italics="true" pageId="25" pageNumber="1013">d</emphasis>
is represented in the larva by an alveolus with a minute setal vestige (
<emphasis id="F5836E478D1EF629FD5BB633FD69F867" box="[715,740,1904,1928]" italics="true" pageId="25" pageNumber="1013">dv</emphasis>
;
<figureCitation id="5FCCAED08D1EF629FD61B633FCD8F867" box="[753,853,1904,1928]" captionStart="Figure 12" captionStartId="25.[119,192,1466,1487]" captionTargetBox="[117,1474,234,1395]" captionTargetId="figure-2@25.[103,1494,221,1412]" captionTargetPageId="25" captionText="Figure 12 Eulohmannia ribagai(Berlese), larva: A – right leg I, abaxial view; B – left genu I, dorsal view; C – left leg II, adaxial view (slightly rotated dorsad); D – right leg III, adaxial view (slightly rotated dorsad). Scale bar 20 µm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7945688" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7945688/files/figure.png" pageId="25" pageNumber="1013">Figs 12B</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="5FCCAED08D1EF629FCCFB633FC1DF867" box="[863,912,1904,1928]" captionStart="Figure 15" captionStartId="29.[119,192,1930,1951]" captionTargetBox="[103,1494,221,1877]" captionTargetId="figure-2@29.[103,1494,221,1877]" captionTargetPageId="29" captionText="Figure 15 Eulohmannia ribagai(Berlese): A – pretarsus of leg IV, deutonymph, lateral view; B – distal part of tarsus IV, adult (insert = enlargement of vestigial empodial claw); C – postpalpal seta of NY larva (top) and adult from Sweden (bottom); D – famulus of tritonymph abaxial view (with insertion of broken setaft”); E – same, adult from Cape Breton; F – same, adult from Sweden; G – larva, partial dorsal view of right genu I; H – larva, left tarsus I, ventral view (setaea” andpl” out of focus); I – same, deutonymph (setaplʹ out of focus); J – same, tritonymph; K – adult from Sweden, left tarsus I, adaxial view; L – same, but right tarsus, abaxial view; M – adult, lower portion of left tarsus I, adaxial view; N – microsculpture of tarsus I. Scale bars 20 µm (K, L); 10 µm (H-J, M); 5 µm (A, B, D-F); 2 µm (C, G, N)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7945696" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7945696/files/figure.png" pageId="25" pageNumber="1013">15G</figureCitation>
); the seta is fully formed in all subsequent instars (R15). On genu I, seta
<emphasis id="F5836E478D1EF629FD02B6D0FD12F844" box="[658,671,1939,1963]" italics="true" pageId="25" pageNumber="1013">lʹ</emphasis>
is small and coupled with solenidion σʹ in all instars (see below).
<emphasis id="F5836E478D1EF629FACEB6D0FA2DF844" box="[1374,1440,1939,1963]" italics="true" pageId="25" pageNumber="1013">Tibiae</emphasis>
. The verticil on tibia I has five setae—
<emphasis id="F5836E478D1EF629FCC3B6F6FCEDF822" box="[851,864,1973,1997]" italics="true" pageId="25" pageNumber="1013">d</emphasis>
, (
<emphasis id="F5836E478D1EF629FCE8B6F6FCF2F822" box="[888,895,1973,1997]" italics="true" pageId="25" pageNumber="1013">l</emphasis>
), (
<emphasis id="F5836E478D1EF629FC30B6F5FC21F822" box="[928,940,1974,1997]" italics="true" pageId="25" pageNumber="1013">v</emphasis>
)—lacking primitive seta
<emphasis id="F5836E478D1EF629FB50B6F5FB41F822" box="[1216,1228,1974,1997]" italics="true" pageId="25" pageNumber="1013">c</emphasis>
ʺ. Seta
<emphasis id="F5836E478D1EF629FA8DB6F6FAB9F822" box="[1309,1332,1973,1997]" italics="true" pageId="25" pageNumber="1013">vʺ</emphasis>
of tibia IV is present in the protonymph (R16).
<emphasis id="F5836E478D1EF629FCC9B69AFC02F81F" box="[857,911,2009,2032]" italics="true" pageId="25" pageNumber="1013">Tarsi</emphasis>
. From the larva, primitive seta
<emphasis id="F5836E478D1EF629FB72B69BFA8DF81F" box="[1250,1280,2008,2032]" italics="true" pageId="25" pageNumber="1013">mʺ</emphasis>
is present on tarsus
</paragraph>
<caption id="9388E2DD8D1DF62AFFE7B7D5FF6CF936" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7945692" ID-Zenodo-Dep="7945692" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7945692/files/figure.png" pageId="26" pageNumber="1014" startId="26.[119,192,1686,1707]" targetBox="[122,1482,246,1627]" targetPageId="26" targetType="figure">
<paragraph id="C748B2558D1DF62AFFE7B7D5FF6CF936" blockId="26.[118,1523,1685,1753]" pageId="26" pageNumber="1014">
<emphasis id="F5836E478D1DF62AFFE7B7D5FF52F944" bold="true" box="[119,223,1686,1707]" pageId="26" pageNumber="1014">Figure 13</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="00F7C9D68D1DF62AFF78B7D6FD97F943" authority="(Berlese)" baseAuthorityName="Berlese" baseAuthorityYear="1910" box="[232,538,1685,1708]" class="Arachnida" family="Eulohmanniidae" genus="Eulohmannia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Sarcoptiformes" pageId="26" pageNumber="1014" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="ribagai">
<emphasis id="F5836E478D1DF62AFF78B7D6FE33F944" box="[232,446,1685,1707]" italics="true" pageId="26" pageNumber="1014">Eulohmannia ribagai</emphasis>
(Berlese)
</taxonomicName>
: A – protonymph, right leg I, abaxial view; B – protonymph, left leg IV, abaxial view; C – deutonymph, right tarsus I, abaxial view (slightly rotated dorsad); D – deutonymph, left leg IV, abaxial. Scale bars 20 µm (A, B, D to same scale); 10 µm (C).
</paragraph>
</caption>
<paragraph id="C748B2558D1DF62BFE7BB60CFDBCF8C2" blockId="26.[491,1518,1871,2033]" lastBlockId="27.[491,1524,1779,2045]" lastPageId="27" lastPageNumber="1015" pageId="26" pageNumber="1014">
I, with
<emphasis id="F5836E478D1DF62AFDA9B60CFDDFF888" box="[569,594,1871,1895]" italics="true" pageId="26" pageNumber="1014">mʹ</emphasis>
forming in the deutonymph (R17). The iteral pair forms on tarsi I–III but develops differently on each leg (R18). From the larva, tarsus I has the usual primilateral pair
<emphasis id="F5836E478D1DF62AFA11B632FA1BF866" box="[1409,1430,1905,1929]" italics="true" pageId="26" pageNumber="1014">pl</emphasis>
(). On tarsus II, adaxial seta
<emphasis id="F5836E478D1DF62AFD46B6D7FD7DF843" box="[726,752,1940,1964]" italics="true" pageId="26" pageNumber="1014">plʹ</emphasis>
forms in the larva, but not
<emphasis id="F5836E478D1DF62AFB89B6D7FBA3F843" box="[1049,1070,1940,1964]" italics="true" pageId="26" pageNumber="1014">pl</emphasis>
ʺ; however, a lateral seta does form on the posterior face in the tritonymph, and we interpret this as a delayed primilateral seta (R19). Three setae of the primitive
<emphasis id="F5836E478D1DF62AFC8BB699FCAAF81E" box="[795,807,2010,2033]" italics="true" pageId="26" pageNumber="1014">c</emphasis>
-row form on tarsus I (R20), in successive instars. Discounting the posterior lateral seta of tarsus II, no proximal accessory setae of
<emphasis id="F5836E478D1CF62BFB57B7B0FB43F8E4" box="[1223,1230,1779,1803]" italics="true" pageId="27" pageNumber="1015">l</emphasis>
- or
<emphasis id="F5836E478D1CF62BFB6CB7B7FA85F8E4" box="[1276,1288,1780,1803]" italics="true" pageId="27" pageNumber="1015">v</emphasis>
-rows form on any tarsus.
</paragraph>
<caption id="9388E2DD8D1CF62BFFE7B779FD89F992" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7945694" ID-Zenodo-Dep="7945694" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7945694/files/figure.png" pageId="27" pageNumber="1015" startId="27.[119,192,1594,1615]" targetBox="[117,1473,235,1501]" targetPageId="27" targetType="figure">
<paragraph id="C748B2558D1CF62BFFE7B779FD89F992" blockId="27.[119,1521,1594,1661]" pageId="27" pageNumber="1015">
<emphasis id="F5836E478D1CF62BFFE7B779FF52F9A0" bold="true" box="[119,223,1594,1615]" pageId="27" pageNumber="1015">Figure 14</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="00F7C9D68D1CF62BFF78B779FD95F9BF" authority="(Berlese)" baseAuthorityName="Berlese" baseAuthorityYear="1910" box="[232,536,1594,1616]" class="Arachnida" family="Eulohmanniidae" genus="Eulohmannia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Sarcoptiformes" pageId="27" pageNumber="1015" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="ribagai">
<emphasis id="F5836E478D1CF62BFF78B779FE33F9BF" box="[232,446,1594,1616]" italics="true" pageId="27" pageNumber="1015">Eulohmannia ribagai</emphasis>
(Berlese)
</taxonomicName>
, tritonymph: A – right leg I, abaxial view (distal segments slightly ventral), with insert showing position of variable femoral seta
<emphasis id="F5836E478D1CF62BFE24B713FE49F989" box="[436,452,1616,1638]" italics="true" pageId="27" pageNumber="1015">vʹ</emphasis>
; B – left leg II, ventro-adaxial (slightly twisted, some setae in distorted positions); C – left leg III, abaxial; D – left leg IV, abaxial. Scale bar 20 µm.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<paragraph id="C748B2558D1CF62CFD83B67BFB6BFEAC" blockId="27.[491,1524,1779,2045]" lastBlockId="28.[491,1546,229,979]" lastPageId="28" lastPageNumber="1016" pageId="27" pageNumber="1015">
On tarsi, disjunctions (offsets) of the pseudosymmetrical pairs of setae are consistent across our material and also through ontogeny, whenever the particular pair is present. For tarsi I-IV, the disjunctions are: (
<emphasis id="F5836E478D1CF62BFD4AB63EFD64F87A" box="[730,745,1917,1941]" italics="true" pageId="27" pageNumber="1015">ft</emphasis>
) = o-p-p-p; (
<emphasis id="F5836E478D1CF62BFCEAB63DFC00F87A" box="[890,909,1918,1941]" italics="true" pageId="27" pageNumber="1015">tc</emphasis>
) = po-po-p-p; (
<emphasis id="F5836E478D1CF62BFBA9B63DFBC5F87A" box="[1081,1096,1918,1941]" italics="true" pageId="27" pageNumber="1015">it</emphasis>
) = ao-po-p-x; (
<emphasis id="F5836E478D1CF62BFB63B63DFA8DF87A" box="[1267,1280,1918,1941]" italics="true" pageId="27" pageNumber="1015">p</emphasis>
) = o-o-p-p; (
<emphasis id="F5836E478D1CF62BFA02B63DFA13F87A" box="[1426,1438,1918,1941]" italics="true" pageId="27" pageNumber="1015">u</emphasis>
) = o-o-p-p; (
<emphasis id="F5836E478D1CF62BFDC3B6E2FDEDF857" box="[595,608,1953,1976]" italics="true" pageId="27" pageNumber="1015">a</emphasis>
) = ao-a-p-p; (
<emphasis id="F5836E478D1CF62BFD6AB6E3FC82F857" box="[762,783,1952,1976]" italics="true" pageId="27" pageNumber="1015">pl</emphasis>
) = a-x-x-x; (
<emphasis id="F5836E478D1CF62BFC0CB6E2FC38F857" box="[924,949,1953,1976]" italics="true" pageId="27" pageNumber="1015">pv</emphasis>
) = ao-o-p-p; (
<emphasis id="F5836E478D1CF62BFBC0B6E2FBEEF857" box="[1104,1123,1953,1976]" italics="true" pageId="27" pageNumber="1015">m</emphasis>
) = a-x-x-x; (
<emphasis id="F5836E478D1CF62BFB60B6E2FB71F857" box="[1264,1276,1953,1976]" italics="true" pageId="27" pageNumber="1015">c</emphasis>
<subScript id="5B73B0108D1CF62BFB6CB6EFFA88F852" attach="left" box="[1276,1285,1964,1981]" fontSize="7" pageId="27" pageNumber="1015">1</subScript>
) = ao-x-x-x. This differs much from the simple pattern common to most Brachypylina and Nothrina, where posterior disjunction is the rule except for the primiventral pair (
<emphasis id="F5836E478D1CF62BFB3EB6A5FB4AF812" box="[1198,1223,2022,2045]" italics="true" pageId="27" pageNumber="1015">pv</emphasis>
), which have anterior disjunctions (
<bibRefCitation id="A366CFA48D1BF62CFD10B1A6FCB7FF12" author="Grandjean F." box="[640,826,229,253]" pageId="28" pageNumber="1016" pagination="277 - 308" refId="ref50609" refString="Grandjean F. 1958 b. Sur le comportement et la notation des poils accessoires posterieurs aux tarses des Nothroides et d'autres Acariens. Arch. zool. exp. gen., 96: 277 - 308." type="journal article" year="1958">Grandjean 1958b</bibRefCitation>
,
<bibRefCitation id="A366CFA48D1BF62CFCD5B1A6FCF4FF12" author="Grandjean F." box="[837,889,229,253]" pageId="28" pageNumber="1016" pagination="250 - 277" refId="ref50680" refString="Grandjean F. 1960. Damaeus arvernensis n. sp. (Oribate). Acarologia, 2: 250 - 277." type="journal article" year="1960">1960</bibRefCitation>
;
<bibRefCitation id="A366CFA48D1BF62CFC14B1A6FBF5FF12" author="Wauthy G. &amp; Fain A." box="[900,1144,229,253]" pageId="28" pageNumber="1016" pagination="415 - 434" refId="ref56606" refString="Wauthy G., Fain A. 1991. Observations on the legs of Trimalaconothrus maniculatus Fain &amp; Lambrechts, 1987 (Acari, Oribatida). Part 1. Larva, leg IV of nymphs and fundamental phanerotaxy. Acarologia, 32: 415 - 434." type="journal article" year="1991">Wauthy and Fain 1991</bibRefCitation>
). It also differs from the pattern of positional analogy, as seen in the mixonomatan family
<taxonomicName id="00F7C9D68D1BF62CFBCBB04BFA90FECF" box="[1115,1309,264,288]" class="Arachnida" family="Collohmanniidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Sarcoptiformes" pageId="28" pageNumber="1016" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="family">Collohmanniidae</taxonomicName>
, where except for pair (
<emphasis id="F5836E478D1BF62CFDB4B068FDBEFEAC" box="[548,563,299,323]" italics="true" pageId="28" pageNumber="1016">ft</emphasis>
) disjunctions are mostly adaxial (
<bibRefCitation id="A366CFA48D1BF62CFC32B068FB56FEAC" author="Norton R. A. &amp; Sidorchuk E. A." box="[930,1243,299,323]" pageId="28" pageNumber="1016" pagination="271 - 334" refId="ref53766" refString="Norton R. A., Sidorchuk E. A. 2014. Collohmannia johnstoni n. sp. (Acari, Oribatida) from West Virginia (U. S. A.), including description of ontogeny, setal variation, notes on biology and systematics of Collohmanniidae. Acarologia, 54: 271 - 334. https: // doi. org / 10.1051 / acarologia / 20142134" type="journal article" year="2014">Norton and Sidorchuk 2014</bibRefCitation>
).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="C748B2558D1BF62CFD83B00EFA43FE22" blockId="28.[491,1546,229,979]" pageId="28" pageNumber="1016">
Compared to most oribatid mites, tarsus I is moderately rich in eupathidia—probable taste receptors (
<bibRefCitation id="A366CFA48D1BF62CFD05B033FC97FE67" author="Alberti G." box="[661,794,368,392]" pageId="28" pageNumber="1016" pagination="27 - 77" refId="ref47204" refString="Alberti G. 1998. Fine structure of receptor organs in oribatid mites (Acari). In: Ebermann E. (Ed.). Arthropod Biology: Contributions to Morphology, Ecology and Systematics. Biosystematics and Ecology, Series 14. Oster. Akad. Wiss. p. 27 - 77." type="book chapter" year="1998">Alberti 1998</bibRefCitation>
)—with a total of
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the adult. Transformation from normal to eupathidial form takes place at different times (
<tableCitation id="8A7587EE8D1BF62CFB8EB0D1FBF8FE45" box="[1054,1141,402,426]" captionStart="Table 5" captionStartId="31.[119,178,1663,1684]" captionText="Table 5 Comparison of tarsus I setation in nymphs and adult of Eulohmanniidae species1" pageId="28" pageNumber="1016">Table 5</tableCitation>
; R21): the proral setae
<emphasis id="F5836E478D1BF62CFAE5B0D0FA0FFE45" box="[1397,1410,403,426]" italics="true" pageId="28" pageNumber="1016">p</emphasis>
() are eupathidial in all instars, but most eupathidia transform one instar after they first appear
<emphasis id="F5836E478D1BF62CFA26B0F5FA4FFE22" box="[1462,1474,438,461]" italics="true" pageId="28" pageNumber="1016">u</emphasis>
[) (
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="C748B2558D1BF62CFE7BB094FDB1FD96" blockId="28.[491,1546,229,979]" pageId="28" pageNumber="1016">
and
<emphasis id="F5836E478D1BF62CFD88B09BFDAFFE00" box="[536,546,472,495]" italics="true" pageId="28" pageNumber="1016">s</emphasis>
in Pn, (
<emphasis id="F5836E478D1BF62CFDE5B09BFD09FE00" box="[629,644,472,495]" italics="true" pageId="28" pageNumber="1016">it</emphasis>
) in Dn,
<emphasis id="F5836E478D1BF62CFD4BB094FD79FE00" box="[731,756,471,495]" italics="true" pageId="28" pageNumber="1016">mʹ</emphasis>
in Tn]. Only the fundamental antelateral pair breaks this pattern, with
<emphasis id="F5836E478D1BF62CFE7BB0B9FE73FDFD" box="[491,510,506,530]" italics="true" pageId="28" pageNumber="1016">aʹ</emphasis>
transforming in the deutonymph and
<emphasis id="F5836E478D1BF62CFC1FB0B9FC2AFDFD" box="[911,935,506,530]" italics="true" pageId="28" pageNumber="1016">aʺ</emphasis>
in either the tritonymph or adult (R21). The famulus of tarsus I (
<figureCitation id="5FCCAED08D1BF62CFDF9B35FFD33FDDB" box="[617,702,540,564]" captionStart="Figure 15" captionStartId="29.[119,192,1930,1951]" captionTargetBox="[103,1494,221,1877]" captionTargetId="figure-2@29.[103,1494,221,1877]" captionTargetPageId="29" captionText="Figure 15 Eulohmannia ribagai(Berlese): A – pretarsus of leg IV, deutonymph, lateral view; B – distal part of tarsus IV, adult (insert = enlargement of vestigial empodial claw); C – postpalpal seta of NY larva (top) and adult from Sweden (bottom); D – famulus of tritonymph abaxial view (with insertion of broken setaft”); E – same, adult from Cape Breton; F – same, adult from Sweden; G – larva, partial dorsal view of right genu I; H – larva, left tarsus I, ventral view (setaea” andpl” out of focus); I – same, deutonymph (setaplʹ out of focus); J – same, tritonymph; K – adult from Sweden, left tarsus I, adaxial view; L – same, but right tarsus, abaxial view; M – adult, lower portion of left tarsus I, adaxial view; N – microsculpture of tarsus I. Scale bars 20 µm (K, L); 10 µm (H-J, M); 5 µm (A, B, D-F); 2 µm (C, G, N)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7945696" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7945696/files/figure.png" pageId="28" pageNumber="1016">Fig. 15</figureCitation>
D-F) is similar in all instars: strongly proclinate, bacilliform (~
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adult), weakly curved, with a weakly formed conical head; vague annular rugosity is often visible.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="C748B2558D1BF62CFD83B3C7FA70FD73" blockId="28.[491,1546,229,979]" box="[531,1533,644,668]" pageId="28" pageNumber="1016">The solenidial complements of tarsi and tibiae are typical of early-derivative oribatid mites,</paragraph>
<paragraph id="C748B2558D1BF62CFE7BB3E5FA52FD50" blockId="28.[491,1546,229,979]" box="[491,1503,678,703]" pageId="28" pageNumber="1016">with adult formulas (legs I-IV) of 3-2-0-0 and 1-1-1-1, respectively, while that of the genu,</paragraph>
<paragraph id="C748B2558D1BF62CFE7BB38AFA33FD0E" blockId="28.[491,1546,229,979]" box="[491,1470,713,737]" pageId="28" pageNumber="1016">3-1-1-1, is exceptional (R22). The developmental aspects of these complements, shown in</paragraph>
<paragraph id="C748B2558D1BF62CFE7BB3AFFA60FCC9" blockId="28.[491,1546,229,979]" pageId="28" pageNumber="1016">
<tableCitation id="8A7587EE8D1BF62CFE7BB3AFFDB0FCEB" box="[491,573,748,772]" captionStart="Table 4" captionStartId="30.[119,178,682,703]" captionText="Table 4 Development of leg setation inEulohmannia ribagai(Berlese, 1910) 1" pageId="28" pageNumber="1016">Table 4</tableCitation>
, was thoroughly discussed and compared by
<bibRefCitation id="A366CFA48D1BF62CFBABB3AFFA8BFCEB" author="Grandjean F." box="[1083,1286,748,772]" pageId="28" pageNumber="1016" pagination="529 - 556" refId="ref50797" refString="Grandjean F. 1964 c. La solenidiotaxie des Oribates. Acarologia, 6: 529 - 556." type="journal article" year="1964">Grandjean (1964c)</bibRefCitation>
. The shape of particular solenidia is essentially constant through ontogeny (
<figureCitation id="5FCCAED08D1BF62CFBB8B24DFB2FFCC9" box="[1064,1186,782,806]" captionStart-0="Figure 12" captionStart-1="Figure 13" captionStart-2="Figure 14" captionStartId-0="25.[119,192,1466,1487]" captionStartId-1="26.[119,192,1686,1707]" captionStartId-2="27.[119,192,1594,1615]" captionTargetBox-0="[117,1474,234,1395]" captionTargetBox-1="[122,1482,246,1627]" captionTargetBox-2="[117,1473,235,1501]" captionTargetId-0="figure-2@25.[103,1494,221,1412]" captionTargetId-1="figure-2@26.[103,1494,221,1632]" captionTargetId-2="figure-2@27.[103,1494,221,1540]" captionTargetPageId-0="25" captionTargetPageId-1="26" captionTargetPageId-2="27" captionText-0="Figure 12 Eulohmannia ribagai(Berlese), larva: A – right leg I, abaxial view; B – left genu I, dorsal view; C – left leg II, adaxial view (slightly rotated dorsad); D – right leg III, adaxial view (slightly rotated dorsad). Scale bar 20 µm." captionText-1="Figure 13 Eulohmannia ribagai(Berlese): A – protonymph, right leg I, abaxial view; B – protonymph, left leg IV, abaxial view; C – deutonymph, right tarsus I, abaxial view (slightly rotated dorsad); D – deutonymph, left leg IV, abaxial. Scale bars 20 µm (A, B, D to same scale); 10 µm (C)." captionText-2="Figure 14 Eulohmannia ribagai(Berlese), tritonymph: A – right leg I, abaxial view (distal segments slightly ventral), with insert showing position of variable femoral seta vʹ; B – left leg II, ventro-adaxial (slightly twisted, some setae in distorted positions); C – left leg III, abaxial; D – left leg IV, abaxial. Scale bar 20 µm." figureDoi-0="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7945688" figureDoi-1="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7945692" figureDoi-2="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7945694" httpUri-0="https://zenodo.org/record/7945688/files/figure.png" httpUri-1="https://zenodo.org/record/7945692/files/figure.png" httpUri-2="https://zenodo.org/record/7945694/files/figure.png" pageId="28" pageNumber="1016">Figs 12-14</figureCitation>
): those of genua are attenuate
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="C748B2558D1BF62CFE7BB272FA78FC84" blockId="28.[491,1546,229,979]" pageId="28" pageNumber="1016">
(piliform) while those of tibiae and tarsi (except piliform ω
<subScript id="5B73B0108D1BF62CFBCBB27EFBECFCA1" attach="left" box="[1115,1121,829,846]" fontSize="7" pageId="28" pageNumber="1016">3</subScript>
on tarsus I and φ on tibia IV) taper only slightly, or at least remain noticeably thickened distally (ceratiform); none are flagellate.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="C748B2558D1BF62CFE7BB235FA0AFC3C" blockId="28.[491,1546,229,979]" pageId="28" pageNumber="1016">
There is no coupling of a solenidion with seta
<emphasis id="F5836E478D1BF62CFC4CB235FC64FC61" box="[988,1001,886,910]" italics="true" pageId="28" pageNumber="1016">d</emphasis>
on any genu or tibia:
<emphasis id="F5836E478D1BF62CFB49B235FB6BFC61" box="[1241,1254,886,910]" italics="true" pageId="28" pageNumber="1016">d</emphasis>
inserts well proximal to the respective solenidion in all postlarval instars. Beginning in the larva, genu I seta
<emphasis id="F5836E478D1BF62CFA0EB2DBFA26FC5F" box="[1438,1451,920,944]" italics="true" pageId="28" pageNumber="1016">lʹ</emphasis>
is imperfectly coupled to σʹ, with adjacent but separate insertions (
<figureCitation id="5FCCAED08D1BF62CFB37B2F8FA80FC3C" box="[1191,1293,955,979]" captionStart="Figure 12" captionStartId="25.[119,192,1466,1487]" captionTargetBox="[117,1474,234,1395]" captionTargetId="figure-2@25.[103,1494,221,1412]" captionTargetPageId="25" captionText="Figure 12 Eulohmannia ribagai(Berlese), larva: A – right leg I, abaxial view; B – left genu I, dorsal view; C – left leg II, adaxial view (slightly rotated dorsad); D – right leg III, adaxial view (slightly rotated dorsad). Scale bar 20 µm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7945688" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7945688/files/figure.png" pageId="28" pageNumber="1016">Figs 12B</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="5FCCAED08D1BF62CFA87B2F8FAC5FC3C" box="[1303,1352,955,979]" captionStart="Figure 15" captionStartId="29.[119,192,1930,1951]" captionTargetBox="[103,1494,221,1877]" captionTargetId="figure-2@29.[103,1494,221,1877]" captionTargetPageId="29" captionText="Figure 15 Eulohmannia ribagai(Berlese): A – pretarsus of leg IV, deutonymph, lateral view; B – distal part of tarsus IV, adult (insert = enlargement of vestigial empodial claw); C – postpalpal seta of NY larva (top) and adult from Sweden (bottom); D – famulus of tritonymph abaxial view (with insertion of broken setaft”); E – same, adult from Cape Breton; F – same, adult from Sweden; G – larva, partial dorsal view of right genu I; H – larva, left tarsus I, ventral view (setaea” andpl” out of focus); I – same, deutonymph (setaplʹ out of focus); J – same, tritonymph; K – adult from Sweden, left tarsus I, adaxial view; L – same, but right tarsus, abaxial view; M – adult, lower portion of left tarsus I, adaxial view; N – microsculpture of tarsus I. Scale bars 20 µm (K, L); 10 µm (H-J, M); 5 µm (A, B, D-F); 2 µm (C, G, N)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7945696" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7945696/files/figure.png" pageId="28" pageNumber="1016">15G</figureCitation>
; R23).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="C748B2558D1BF62CFE7BB547FD40FBF1" blockId="28.[491,717,1028,1054]" box="[491,717,1028,1054]" pageId="28" pageNumber="1016">
<emphasis id="F5836E478D1BF62CFE7BB547FD40FBF1" bold="true" box="[491,717,1028,1054]" pageId="28" pageNumber="1016">Biological notes</emphasis>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>
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