429 lines
56 KiB
XML
429 lines
56 KiB
XML
<document id="B0F78A56FBDC1A56DCFA8862FFFBE420" ID-DOI="10.11646/zootaxa.4013.1.8" ID-GBIF-Dataset="309b5bdd-bc3f-44f9-9806-9fe74d44f36a" ID-ISSN="1175-5326" ID-Zenodo-Dep="243136" ID-ZooBank="D3F4C4B2-C7A5-49E7-A462-F38C68309040" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.tables_requiresApprovalFor="existingObjects,plazi" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1461245051209" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Hooge, Matthew D. & Tyler, Seth" docDate="2015" docId="03FE87E5967EC779FF5EA78DFB85FCBE" docLanguage="en" docName="zt04013p119.pdf" docOrigin="Zootaxa 4013 (1)" docStyle="DocumentStyle:647186512141C8FC8976D5BCC54AEB7D.9:Zootaxa.2013-.journal_article" docStyleId="647186512141C8FC8976D5BCC54AEB7D" docStyleName="Zootaxa.2013-.journal_article" docStyleVersion="9" docTitle="Haplogonaria schillingi Hooge & Tyler, 2015, sp. nov." docType="treatment" docVersion="8" lastPageNumber="115" masterDocId="FFC7FF9D967FC77DFFC9A67AFFEFFFAA" masterDocTitle="Two new acoels (Acoelomorpha) of the genus Haplogonaria from the northwest Atlantic" masterLastPageNumber="119" masterPageNumber="111" pageNumber="112" updateTime="1698606187659" updateUser="plazi">
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<mods:mods id="F815061F09E2B89B664C4DF4619D70E6" xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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<mods:titleInfo id="443A437B1D2F79C123C9B97D493B5E22">
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<mods:title id="5ADBB7350F2B7C1A0CA692B283B3412D">Two new acoels (Acoelomorpha) of the genus Haplogonaria from the northwest Atlantic</mods:title>
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<mods:name id="882A06C677FB8A02D4932711EEFEB8BB" type="personal">
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<mods:roleTerm id="F200A2FE55E579B041F3EA9669335F3E">Author</mods:roleTerm>
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<mods:namePart id="D8342F978CDCC18A4AB63C5BF7ACB984">Hooge, Matthew D.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:name id="01B46D7C44E7222F29498FC878137709" type="personal">
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<mods:roleTerm id="12B52B879D2E76461B339AE29BCA7067">Author</mods:roleTerm>
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<mods:namePart id="2FBC95F3E797ED4D713F79801DEF9419">Tyler, Seth</mods:namePart>
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<mods:typeOfResource id="FB8B5198710513432E375F02036CDE3F">text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:title id="9B7598BBE32FBB7613F624E58C883518">Zootaxa</mods:title>
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<mods:part id="E4EA307EA54FD230CE9068A1CA901551">
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<mods:date id="22C9E19CF8CAE43D872B2B0D484D558F">2015</mods:date>
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<mods:detail id="8C2EFE144D6874C5614B5E5464425911" type="volume">
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<mods:number id="61B656A545AB324543BBC55639393A63">4013</mods:number>
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<mods:detail id="10B4C4F616C8856B5CABDB392780B505" type="issue">
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<mods:number id="55A512874190A6248389BA2633D04C4C">1</mods:number>
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<mods:classification id="27BF569FE9374FA07FB3695A803D7B2B">journal article</mods:classification>
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<mods:identifier id="2E024DD9B170EAB9D4DAD525D6ECA781" type="DOI">10.11646/zootaxa.4013.1.8</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier id="EAF0F46ABEDAA0DE796319A048930BD8" type="GBIF-Dataset">309b5bdd-bc3f-44f9-9806-9fe74d44f36a</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier id="C6EC2E984D748ECE045E4D7F1AA69DEB" type="ISSN">1175-5326</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier id="6CF6B939AB9BCBFA5ECDDB78E209E2DA" type="Zenodo-Dep">243136</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier id="F865FC903D1CE41FFEAF24493792ACE1" type="ZooBank">D3F4C4B2-C7A5-49E7-A462-F38C68309040</mods:identifier>
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<treatment id="03FE87E5967EC779FF5EA78DFB85FCBE" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6113937" ID-GBIF-Taxon="119634499" ID-Zenodo-Dep="6113937" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03FE87E5967EC779FF5EA78DFB85FCBE" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/03FE87E5967EC779FF5EA78DFB85FCBE" lastPageId="4" lastPageNumber="115" pageId="1" pageNumber="112">
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<subSubSection id="C34D6578967EC77CFF5EA78DFEFEFD99" pageId="1" pageNumber="112" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="8BE836F3967EC77CFF5EA78DFDF2FDB8" blockId="1.[151,541,503,563]" box="[151,541,503,530]" pageId="1" pageNumber="112">
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<heading id="D0A0819F967EC77CFF5EA78DFDF2FDB8" bold="true" box="[151,541,503,530]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="1" pageNumber="112" reason="1">
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<emphasis id="B923EAE1967EC77CFF5EA78DFDF2FDB8" bold="true" box="[151,541,503,530]" pageId="1" pageNumber="112">
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<taxonomicName id="4C574D70967EC77CFF5EA78DFE58FDBB" box="[151,439,503,529]" class="Acoelomorpha" family="Haploposthiidae" genus="Haplogonaria" kingdom="Animalia" order="Acoela" pageId="1" pageNumber="112" phylum="Xenacoelomorpha" rank="species" species="schillingi" status="sp. nov.">
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||
<emphasis id="B923EAE1967EC77CFF5EA78DFE58FDBB" bold="true" box="[151,439,503,529]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="112">Haplogonaria schillingi</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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<taxonomicNameLabel id="A210579A967EC77CFE76A782FDF2FDB8" box="[447,541,504,530]" pageId="1" pageNumber="112" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
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</emphasis>
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</heading>
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||
</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8BE836F3967EC77CFF5EA460FEFEFD99" blockId="1.[151,541,503,563]" box="[151,273,538,563]" pageId="1" pageNumber="112">
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(
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<figureCitation id="136C2A76967EC77CFF56A460FEE6FD99" box="[159,265,538,563]" captionStart-0="FIGURE 1" captionStart-1="FIGURE 2" captionStart-2="FIGURE 3" captionStartId-0="1.[151,250,1799,1821]" captionStartId-1="2.[151,250,1821,1843]" captionStartId-2="3.[151,250,769,791]" captionTargetBox-0="[323,1275,796,1778]" captionTargetBox-1="[274,1322,625,1799]" captionTargetBox-2="[264,1322,185,755]" captionTargetId-0="figure@1.[312,1275,796,1778]" captionTargetId-1="figure@2.[264,1323,625,1800]" captionTargetId-2="figure@3.[264,1323,185,755]" captionTargetPageId-0="1" captionTargetPageId-1="2" captionTargetPageId-2="3" captionText-0="FIGURE 1. Haplogonaria schillingi sp. nov.; photomicrographs of living specimen. A. Dorsal view of lightly squeezed specimen. B. Dorsal view of posterior end of specimen. cop male copulatory organ, e egg, rg rhabdoid gland, sb seminal bursa, sv seminal vesicle." captionText-1="FIGURE 2. Haplogonaria schillingi sp. nov.; Sagittal histological section of holotype stained with toluidine blue. A. Whole animal. B. Copulatory organs. cop male copulatory organ, ds digestive syncytium, e egg, gls sphere of glandular secretions, gp gonopore, gs glandular secretions, m mouth, pc parenchymal cell, rg rhabdoid gland, sb seminal bursa, sv seminal vesicle, sp sperm, sph sphincter, sv seminal vesicle, v vagina. Arrowhead points to opening of seminal vesicle." captionText-2="FIGURE 3. Haplogonaria schillingi sp. nov.; musculature of gonopore and male copulatory organ in whole-mount stained with Alexa- 488 - labeled phalloidin and viewed with confocal microscopy. A. Projection of gonopore sphincters and underlying seminal vesicle. B. Seminal vesicle. gp gonopore, sph sphincter, sv seminal vesicle, svo seminal vesicle opening." httpUri-0="https://zenodo.org/record/243137/files/figure.png" httpUri-1="https://zenodo.org/record/243138/files/figure.png" httpUri-2="https://zenodo.org/record/243139/files/figure.png" pageId="1" pageNumber="112">Figs. 1–3</figureCitation>
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)
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C34D6578967EC77FFF5EA418FA72FF7F" lastPageId="2" lastPageNumber="113" pageId="1" pageNumber="112" type="materials_examined">
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<paragraph id="8BE836F3967EC77CFF5EA418FAE3FD34" blockId="1.[151,1436,610,743]" pageId="1" pageNumber="112">
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<emphasis id="B923EAE1967EC77CFF5EA418FED1FDD1" bold="true" box="[151,318,610,635]" pageId="1" pageNumber="112">
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<typeStatus id="54EC8851967EC77CFF5EA418FF3DFDD1" box="[151,210,610,635]" pageId="1" pageNumber="112">Type</typeStatus>
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material
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</emphasis>
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.
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<typeStatus id="54EC8851967EC77CFE84A418FE56FDD1" box="[333,441,610,635]" pageId="1" pageNumber="112" type="holotype">Holotype</typeStatus>
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.
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<collectionCode id="ED46AE36967EC77CFE0DA419FDF5FDD1" LSID="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34925" box="[452,538,611,635]" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34925" name="American Museum of Natural History" pageId="1" pageNumber="112">AMNH</collectionCode>
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_IZC 249974, one set of 2-µm-thick serial sagittal sections of epoxy-embedded specimen stained with toluidine blue.
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<typeStatus id="54EC8851967EC77CFD89A4FDFD49FD35" box="[576,678,647,671]" pageId="1" pageNumber="112" type="paratype">Paratype</typeStatus>
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.
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<collectionCode id="ED46AE36967EC77CFD79A4FDFCE9FD35" LSID="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34925" box="[688,774,647,671]" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34925" name="American Museum of Natural History" pageId="1" pageNumber="112">AMNH</collectionCode>
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_IZC 249975, epoxy-embedded whole mount.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8BE836F3967EC77CFF0EA4D0FF39FD4D" blockId="1.[151,1436,610,743]" pageId="1" pageNumber="112">
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<emphasis id="B923EAE1967EC77CFF0EA4D0FE8FFD69" bold="true" box="[199,352,682,707]" pageId="1" pageNumber="112">
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<typeStatus id="54EC8851967EC77CFF0EA4D0FEEDFD69" box="[199,258,682,707]" pageId="1" pageNumber="112">Type</typeStatus>
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locality
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</emphasis>
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. Reid State Park, Maine,
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<collectingCountry id="F3407663967EC77CFD46A4D1FD28FD69" box="[655,711,683,707]" name="United States of America" pageId="1" pageNumber="112">USA</collectingCountry>
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(
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<geoCoordinate id="EE635034967EC77CFD10A4D1FCD3FD69" box="[729,828,683,707]" direction="north" orientation="latitude" pageId="1" pageNumber="112" precision="925" value="43.783333">43°47’N</geoCoordinate>
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,
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<geoCoordinate id="EE635034967EC77CFC82A4D0FC58FD69" box="[843,951,682,707]" direction="west" orientation="longitude" pageId="1" pageNumber="112" precision="925" value="-69.73333">69°44’W</geoCoordinate>
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); medium-grained subtidal sediment,
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<date id="FFE91033967EC77CFAA0A4D1FF3CFD4D" pageId="1" pageNumber="112" value="2003-06">June 2003</date>
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.
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</paragraph>
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<caption id="DF28667B967EC77CFF5EA17DFEBAF8F1" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/243137/files/figure.png" pageId="1" pageNumber="112" targetBox="[323,1275,796,1778]" targetPageId="1">
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<paragraph id="8BE836F3967EC77CFF5EA17DFEBAF8F1" blockId="1.[151,1436,1799,1883]" pageId="1" pageNumber="112">
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<emphasis id="B923EAE1967EC77CFF5EA17DFEF8F8B6" bold="true" box="[151,279,1799,1821]" pageId="1" pageNumber="112">FIGURE 1.</emphasis>
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<taxonomicName id="4C574D70967EC77CFEEBA17DFDF5F8B7" box="[290,538,1799,1821]" class="Acoelomorpha" family="Haploposthiidae" genus="Haplogonaria" kingdom="Animalia" order="Acoela" pageId="1" pageNumber="112" phylum="Xenacoelomorpha" rank="species" species="schillingi" status="sp. nov.">
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<emphasis id="B923EAE1967EC77CFEEBA17DFDF5F8B7" box="[290,538,1799,1821]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="112">Haplogonaria schillingi</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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<emphasis id="B923EAE1967EC77CFDECA172FD96F8B7" bold="true" box="[549,633,1800,1821]" pageId="1" pageNumber="112">
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<taxonomicNameLabel id="A210579A967EC77CFDECA172FD96F8B7" box="[549,633,1800,1821]" pageId="1" pageNumber="112" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
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</emphasis>
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; photomicrographs of living specimen. A. Dorsal view of lightly squeezed specimen. B. Dorsal view of posterior end of specimen.
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<emphasis id="B923EAE1967EC77CFD06A15DFD1CF896" box="[719,755,1831,1852]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="112">cop</emphasis>
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male copulatory organ,
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<emphasis id="B923EAE1967EC77CFC23A15DFC1AF896" box="[1002,1013,1831,1852]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="112">e</emphasis>
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egg,
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<emphasis id="B923EAE1967EC77CFBE5A15DFBAEF896" box="[1068,1089,1831,1852]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="112">rg</emphasis>
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rhabdoid gland,
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<emphasis id="B923EAE1967EC77CFB24A15CFAECF896" box="[1261,1283,1830,1852]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="112">sb</emphasis>
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seminal bursa,
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<emphasis id="B923EAE1967EC77CFF5EA13CFF43F8F1" box="[151,172,1862,1883]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="112">sv</emphasis>
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seminal vesicle.
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</paragraph>
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</caption>
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<paragraph id="8BE836F3967EC77FFF0EA1F8FA72FF7F" blockId="1.[151,1436,1922,2019]" lastBlockId="2.[151,1437,151,573]" lastPageId="2" lastPageNumber="113" pageId="1" pageNumber="112">
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<emphasis id="B923EAE1967EC77CFF0EA1F8FE19F831" bold="true" box="[199,502,1922,1947]" pageId="1" pageNumber="112">Other material examined</emphasis>
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. Living specimens in squeeze preparations from Reid State Park in
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<date id="FFE91033967EC77CFB31A1F9FA83F831" box="[1272,1388,1923,1947]" pageId="1" pageNumber="112" value="2003-06">June 2003</date>
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and Crow Neck, Cobscook Bay, Maine,
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<collectingCountry id="F3407663967EC77CFDF9A1DDFD87F815" box="[560,616,1959,1983]" name="United States of America" pageId="1" pageNumber="112">USA</collectingCountry>
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(
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<geoCoordinate id="EE635034967EC77CFDB1A1DCFCF5F815" box="[632,794,1958,1983]" direction="north" orientation="latitude" pageId="1" pageNumber="112" precision="1" value="44.876274">44°52’34.6”N</geoCoordinate>
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, 67°07’
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<geoCoordinate id="EE635034967EC77CFCA6A1DCFC2CF815" box="[879,963,1958,1983]" direction="west" orientation="longitude" pageId="1" pageNumber="112" precision="5555" value="-35.9">35.9W</geoCoordinate>
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), from medium-grained subtidal sediment at reversing falls in
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<date id="FFE91033967EC77CFE42A1B1FDEAF849" box="[395,517,1995,2019]" pageId="1" pageNumber="112" value="2004-06">June 2004</date>
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; 2-µm-thick serial frontal sections of epoxy-embedded specimen stained with toluidine blue; four specimens collected in 1995 from Reid State Park, serially sectioned at 1.5 µm, one frontally and three sagitally, and stained with hematoxylin and eosin; whole mount for fluorescence imaging of musculature.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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||
<subSubSection id="C34D6578967DC77FFF0EA6A5FB65FECE" pageId="2" pageNumber="113" type="etymology">
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||
<paragraph id="8BE836F3967DC77FFF0EA6A5FCC1FEB7" blockId="2.[151,1437,151,573]" pageId="2" pageNumber="113">
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||
<emphasis id="B923EAE1967DC77FFF0EA6A5FEA9FF52" bold="true" box="[199,326,223,248]" pageId="2" pageNumber="113">Etymology</emphasis>
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. Species name in honor of Steve Schilling in recognition of his significant contribution to the Turbellarian Taxonomic Database (Tyler
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<emphasis id="B923EAE1967DC77FFDADA77FFD7BFEB6" box="[612,660,260,284]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="113">et al</emphasis>
|
||
.
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||
<date id="FFE91033967DC77FFD6AA77EFCCDFEB7" box="[675,802,260,285]" pageId="2" pageNumber="113" value="2006" valueMax="2015">2006-2015</date>
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||
).
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8BE836F3967DC77FFF0EA75DFB65FECE" blockId="2.[151,1437,151,573]" pageId="2" pageNumber="113">
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<emphasis id="B923EAE1967DC77FFF0EA75DFEADFEEA" bold="true" box="[199,322,295,320]" pageId="2" pageNumber="113">Synonyms</emphasis>
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.
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<taxonomicName id="4C574D70967DC77FFE9BA752FE1EFEEA" box="[338,497,296,320]" class="Acoelomorpha" family="Haploposthiidae" genus="Haplogonaria" kingdom="Animalia" order="Acoela" pageId="2" pageNumber="113" phylum="Xenacoelomorpha" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="B923EAE1967DC77FFE9BA752FE1EFEEA" box="[338,497,296,320]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="113">Haplogonaria</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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“
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<taxonomicName id="4C574D70967DC77FFDCDA75DFD9BFEEA" authority="Jondelius" authorityName="Jondelius" authorityYear="2011" box="[516,628,295,320]" class="Acoelomorpha" family="Haploposthiidae" genus="Haplogonaria" kingdom="Animalia" order="Acoela" pageId="2" pageNumber="113" phylum="Xenacoelomorpha" rank="species" species="schillingi">schillingi</taxonomicName>
|
||
”: Jondelius
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||
<emphasis id="B923EAE1967DC77FFD34A753FCC0FEEA" box="[765,815,296,320]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="113">et al</emphasis>
|
||
. 2011;
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C574D70967DC77FFC4EA752FA77FEEA" authority="Jondelius et al. 2011" authorityName="Jondelius et al." authorityYear="2011" box="[903,1432,295,320]" class="Acoelomorpha" family="Haploposthiidae" genus="Haplogonaria" kingdom="Animalia" order="Acoela" pageId="2" pageNumber="113" phylum="Xenacoelomorpha" rank="species" species="schillingi">
|
||
<emphasis id="B923EAE1967DC77FFC4EA752FB78FEEA" box="[903,1175,296,320]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="113">Haplogonaria schillingi</emphasis>
|
||
: Jondelius
|
||
<emphasis id="B923EAE1967DC77FFAD2A753FAA2FEEA" box="[1307,1357,296,320]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="113">et al</emphasis>
|
||
. 2011
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||
</taxonomicName>
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||
;
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||
<bibRefCitation id="EFC64B02967DC77FFF5EA736FDC0FECE" author="Nilsson" box="[151,559,332,357]" pageId="2" pageNumber="113" refString="Nilsson, K. S., Wallberg, A. & Jondelius, U. (2011) New species of Acoela from the Mediterranean, the Red Sea, and the South Pacific. Zootaxa, 2867, 1 - 31." type="journal article" year="2011">Nilsson, Wallberg & Jondelius 2011</bibRefCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C574D70967DC77FFDF3A736FB69FECE" authority="Kanneby & Jondelius 2013" authorityName="Kanneby & Jondelius" authorityYear="2013" box="[570,1158,332,357]" class="Acoelomorpha" family="Haploposthiidae" genus="Haplogonaria" kingdom="Animalia" order="Acoela" pageId="2" pageNumber="113" phylum="Xenacoelomorpha" rank="species" species="schillingi">
|
||
Haplogonaria schillingi:
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFC64B02967DC77FFC98A736FB69FECE" author="Kanneby" box="[849,1158,332,357]" pageId="2" pageNumber="113" refString="Kanneby, T. & Jondelius, U. (2013) Four new species of Acoela from Chile. Zootaxa, 3736 (5), 471 - 485. http: // dx. doi. org / 10.11646 / zootaxa. 3736.5.3" type="journal article" year="2013">Kånneby & Jondelius 2013</bibRefCitation>
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||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C34D6578967DC77EFF0EA715FE2EFA7E" lastPageId="3" lastPageNumber="114" pageId="2" pageNumber="113" type="description">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BE836F3967DC77FFF0EA715FB3DFD96" blockId="2.[151,1437,151,573]" pageId="2" pageNumber="113">
|
||
<emphasis id="B923EAE1967DC77FFF0EA715FEBEFE22" bold="true" box="[199,337,367,392]" pageId="2" pageNumber="113">Description</emphasis>
|
||
. Living specimens ~
|
||
<quantity id="4CAF9B16967DC77FFDF2A70AFD7DFE2D" box="[571,658,368,392]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.3" pageId="2" pageNumber="113" unit="mm" value="1.3">1.3 mm</quantity>
|
||
long and 350 µm wide (
|
||
<figureCitation id="136C2A76967DC77FFC6AA715FC0CFE22" box="[931,995,367,392]" captionStart="FIGURE 1" captionStartId="1.[151,250,1799,1821]" captionTargetBox="[323,1275,796,1778]" captionTargetId="figure@1.[312,1275,796,1778]" captionTargetPageId="1" captionText="FIGURE 1. Haplogonaria schillingi sp. nov.; photomicrographs of living specimen. A. Dorsal view of lightly squeezed specimen. B. Dorsal view of posterior end of specimen. cop male copulatory organ, e egg, rg rhabdoid gland, sb seminal bursa, sv seminal vesicle." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/243137/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="113">Fig. 1</figureCitation>
|
||
A). Body somewhat flattened. Anterior and posterior ends rounded. Bright red pigmentation in parenchyma. Epidermis completely ciliated. Many large, scattered rhabdoid glands present (
|
||
<figureCitation id="136C2A76967DC77FFDD4A7CDFD87FE7A" box="[541,616,439,464]" captionStart="FIGURE 1" captionStartId="1.[151,250,1799,1821]" captionTargetBox="[323,1275,796,1778]" captionTargetId="figure@1.[312,1275,796,1778]" captionTargetPageId="1" captionText="FIGURE 1. Haplogonaria schillingi sp. nov.; photomicrographs of living specimen. A. Dorsal view of lightly squeezed specimen. B. Dorsal view of posterior end of specimen. cop male copulatory organ, e egg, rg rhabdoid gland, sb seminal bursa, sv seminal vesicle." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/243137/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="113">Figs. 1</figureCitation>
|
||
B, 2B). Frontal organ moderately developed and visible in sections as an ampule-like collection between frontal pore and statocyst and with its gland cell bodies positioned approximately one-third of the body-length behind frontal pore. Mouth opening on ventral surface, middle of body. Digestive central syncytium extends from posterior end of frontal glands to posterior tip of body (
|
||
<figureCitation id="136C2A76967DC77FFBA2A45EFB40FD96" box="[1131,1199,548,573]" captionStart="FIGURE 2" captionStartId="2.[151,250,1821,1843]" captionTargetBox="[274,1322,625,1799]" captionTargetId="figure@2.[264,1323,625,1800]" captionTargetPageId="2" captionText="FIGURE 2. Haplogonaria schillingi sp. nov.; Sagittal histological section of holotype stained with toluidine blue. A. Whole animal. B. Copulatory organs. cop male copulatory organ, ds digestive syncytium, e egg, gls sphere of glandular secretions, gp gonopore, gs glandular secretions, m mouth, pc parenchymal cell, rg rhabdoid gland, sb seminal bursa, sv seminal vesicle, sp sperm, sph sphincter, sv seminal vesicle, v vagina. Arrowhead points to opening of seminal vesicle." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/243138/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="113">Fig. 2</figureCitation>
|
||
A).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<caption id="DF28667B967DC77FFF5EA167FB6AF825" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/243138/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="113" targetBox="[274,1322,625,1799]" targetPageId="2">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BE836F3967DC77FFF5EA167FB6AF825" blockId="2.[151,1437,1821,1935]" pageId="2" pageNumber="113">
|
||
<emphasis id="B923EAE1967DC77FFF5EA167FEFBF899" bold="true" box="[151,276,1821,1843]" pageId="2" pageNumber="113">FIGURE 2.</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C574D70967DC77FFED5A167FDFEF899" box="[284,529,1821,1843]" class="Acoelomorpha" family="Haploposthiidae" genus="Haplogonaria" kingdom="Animalia" order="Acoela" pageId="2" pageNumber="113" phylum="Xenacoelomorpha" rank="species" species="schillingi" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="B923EAE1967DC77FFED5A167FDFEF899" box="[284,529,1821,1843]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="113">Haplogonaria schillingi</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<emphasis id="B923EAE1967DC77FFDD0A164FD85F899" bold="true" box="[537,618,1822,1843]" pageId="2" pageNumber="113">
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A210579A967DC77FFDD0A164FD85F899" box="[537,618,1822,1843]" pageId="2" pageNumber="113" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
; Sagittal histological section of holotype stained with toluidine blue. A. Whole animal. B. Copulatory organs.
|
||
<emphasis id="B923EAE1967DC77FFE07A147FE1CF8F8" box="[462,499,1853,1874]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="113">cop</emphasis>
|
||
male copulatory organ,
|
||
<emphasis id="B923EAE1967DC77FFD23A146FCEEF8F8" box="[746,769,1852,1874]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="113">ds</emphasis>
|
||
digestive syncytium,
|
||
<emphasis id="B923EAE1967DC77FFC16A147FC05F8F8" box="[991,1002,1853,1874]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="113">e</emphasis>
|
||
egg,
|
||
<emphasis id="B923EAE1967DC77FFBEBA146FBAFF8F8" box="[1058,1088,1852,1874]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="113">gls</emphasis>
|
||
sphere of glandular secretions,
|
||
<emphasis id="B923EAE1967DC77FFA4AA147FA72F8F8" box="[1411,1437,1853,1874]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="113">gp</emphasis>
|
||
gonopore,
|
||
<emphasis id="B923EAE1967DC77FFECDA126FEF4F8DB" box="[260,283,1884,1905]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="113">gs</emphasis>
|
||
glandular secretions,
|
||
<emphasis id="B923EAE1967DC77FFE35A126FDE1F8DB" box="[508,526,1884,1905]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="113">m</emphasis>
|
||
mouth,
|
||
<emphasis id="B923EAE1967DC77FFDACA126FD93F8DB" box="[613,636,1884,1905]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="113">pc</emphasis>
|
||
parenchymal cell,
|
||
<emphasis id="B923EAE1967DC77FFC88A126FCB9F8DB" box="[833,854,1884,1905]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="113">rg</emphasis>
|
||
rhabdoid gland,
|
||
<emphasis id="B923EAE1967DC77FFBCCA121FBF3F8DB" box="[1029,1052,1883,1905]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="113">sb</emphasis>
|
||
seminal bursa,
|
||
<emphasis id="B923EAE1967DC77FFB77A126FB3CF8DB" box="[1214,1235,1884,1905]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="113">sv</emphasis>
|
||
seminal vesicle, sp sperm, sph sphincter,
|
||
<emphasis id="B923EAE1967DC77FFEBAA100FE67F825" box="[371,392,1914,1935]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="113">sv</emphasis>
|
||
seminal vesicle,
|
||
<emphasis id="B923EAE1967DC77FFDFEA100FDADF825" box="[567,578,1914,1935]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="113">v</emphasis>
|
||
vagina. Arrowhead points to opening of seminal vesicle.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<caption id="DF28667B967CC77EFF5EA57BFAE3FCFE" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/243139/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="114" targetBox="[264,1322,185,755]" targetPageId="3">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BE836F3967CC77EFF5EA57BFAE3FCFE" blockId="3.[151,1436,769,852]" pageId="3" pageNumber="114">
|
||
<emphasis id="B923EAE1967CC77EFF5EA57BFEFAFCBC" bold="true" box="[151,277,769,791]" pageId="3" pageNumber="114">FIGURE 3.</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C574D70967CC77EFED4A57BFDFBFCBD" box="[285,532,769,791]" class="Acoelomorpha" family="Haploposthiidae" genus="Haplogonaria" kingdom="Animalia" order="Acoela" pageId="3" pageNumber="114" phylum="Xenacoelomorpha" rank="species" species="schillingi" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="B923EAE1967CC77EFED4A57BFDFBFCBD" box="[285,532,769,791]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="114">Haplogonaria schillingi</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<emphasis id="B923EAE1967CC77EFDD5A57BFD80FCBC" bold="true" box="[540,623,769,790]" pageId="3" pageNumber="114">
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A210579A967CC77EFDD5A57BFD80FCBC" box="[540,623,769,790]" pageId="3" pageNumber="114" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
; musculature of gonopore and male copulatory organ in whole-mount stained with Alexa-488-labeled phalloidin and viewed with confocal microscopy. A. Projection of gonopore sphincters and underlying seminal vesicle. B. Seminal vesicle.
|
||
<emphasis id="B923EAE1967CC77EFDC0A545FDCDFCFE" box="[521,546,831,852]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="114">gp</emphasis>
|
||
gonopore,
|
||
<emphasis id="B923EAE1967CC77EFD5DA544FD58FCFE" box="[660,695,830,852]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="114">sph</emphasis>
|
||
sphincter,
|
||
<emphasis id="B923EAE1967CC77EFCEFA545FCD4FCFE" box="[806,827,831,852]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="114">sv</emphasis>
|
||
seminal vesicle,
|
||
<emphasis id="B923EAE1967CC77EFC23A545FBE4FCFE" box="[1002,1035,831,852]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="114">svo</emphasis>
|
||
seminal vesicle opening.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BE836F3967CC77EFF0EA501FE27FBE2" blockId="3.[151,1437,891,2032]" pageId="3" pageNumber="114">Musculature with circular muscles that encircle the body along entire length of animal; straight longitudinal muscles present between frontal organ and anterior edge of mouth; longitudinal-cross-over muscles (fibers with a longitudinal orientation anteriorly, but bend medially to cross diagonally) present in both dorsal and ventral body wall; longitudinal muscles in anterior half of body that wrap around posterior rim of mouth (U-shaped muscles) present in ventral body wall; anterior end with ventral diagonal muscles positioned between outer circular and inner longitudinal muscles.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BE836F3967CC77EFF0EA22EFB40FB3A" blockId="3.[151,1437,891,2032]" pageId="3" pageNumber="114">
|
||
Ovary unpaired, ventral; extends from level of mouth posteriorly to seminal bursa (
|
||
<figureCitation id="136C2A76967CC77EFB69A229FB01FBC6" box="[1184,1262,1107,1132]" captionStart="FIGURE 1" captionStartId="1.[151,250,1799,1821]" captionTargetBox="[323,1275,796,1778]" captionTargetId="figure@1.[312,1275,796,1778]" captionTargetPageId="1" captionText="FIGURE 1. Haplogonaria schillingi sp. nov.; photomicrographs of living specimen. A. Dorsal view of lightly squeezed specimen. B. Dorsal view of posterior end of specimen. cop male copulatory organ, e egg, rg rhabdoid gland, sb seminal bursa, sv seminal vesicle." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/243137/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="114">Figs. 1</figureCitation>
|
||
A, 2A). Testes paired, lateral to ovaries; extend length of body from frontal glands to male copulatory organ.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BE836F3967CC77EFF0EA2E6FE2EFA7E" blockId="3.[151,1437,891,2032]" pageId="3" pageNumber="114">
|
||
Common gonopore with thick sphincter muscles (
|
||
<figureCitation id="136C2A76967CC77EFD31A2E1FCA8FB1E" box="[760,839,1179,1204]" captionStart="FIGURE 2" captionStartId="2.[151,250,1821,1843]" captionTargetBox="[274,1322,625,1799]" captionTargetId="figure@2.[264,1323,625,1800]" captionTargetPageId="2" captionText="FIGURE 2. Haplogonaria schillingi sp. nov.; Sagittal histological section of holotype stained with toluidine blue. A. Whole animal. B. Copulatory organs. cop male copulatory organ, ds digestive syncytium, e egg, gls sphere of glandular secretions, gp gonopore, gs glandular secretions, m mouth, pc parenchymal cell, rg rhabdoid gland, sb seminal bursa, sv seminal vesicle, sp sperm, sph sphincter, sv seminal vesicle, v vagina. Arrowhead points to opening of seminal vesicle." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/243138/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="114">Figs. 2</figureCitation>
|
||
B, 3A); opens to ciliated atrium with muscular walls. Vagina well-defined, tubular, and ciliated; opening from anterior side of the atrium and leading to large seminal bursa (
|
||
<figureCitation id="136C2A76967CC77EFF2DA299FEC5FB56" box="[228,298,1251,1276]" captionStart="FIGURE 2" captionStartId="2.[151,250,1821,1843]" captionTargetBox="[274,1322,625,1799]" captionTargetId="figure@2.[264,1323,625,1800]" captionTargetPageId="2" captionText="FIGURE 2. Haplogonaria schillingi sp. nov.; Sagittal histological section of holotype stained with toluidine blue. A. Whole animal. B. Copulatory organs. cop male copulatory organ, ds digestive syncytium, e egg, gls sphere of glandular secretions, gp gonopore, gs glandular secretions, m mouth, pc parenchymal cell, rg rhabdoid gland, sb seminal bursa, sv seminal vesicle, sp sperm, sph sphincter, sv seminal vesicle, v vagina. Arrowhead points to opening of seminal vesicle." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/243138/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="114">Fig. 2</figureCitation>
|
||
B). Seminal bursa with wall that is thickened on its anteroventral side (bursal cap); sperm present in only three examined specimens (
|
||
<figureCitation id="136C2A76967CC77EFDD0A37DFD87FA8A" box="[537,616,1287,1312]" captionStart="FIGURE 1" captionStartId="1.[151,250,1799,1821]" captionTargetBox="[323,1275,796,1778]" captionTargetId="figure@1.[312,1275,796,1778]" captionTargetPageId="1" captionText="FIGURE 1. Haplogonaria schillingi sp. nov.; photomicrographs of living specimen. A. Dorsal view of lightly squeezed specimen. B. Dorsal view of posterior end of specimen. cop male copulatory organ, e egg, rg rhabdoid gland, sb seminal bursa, sv seminal vesicle." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/243137/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="114">Figs. 1</figureCitation>
|
||
B, 2B); most bursae appeared empty in live animals or with a finely flocculant content in sectioned specimens. Proximal opening of vagina capped with sphere of glandular secretions that stain pink with toluidine blue (
|
||
<figureCitation id="136C2A76967CC77EFDECA335FD86FAC2" box="[549,617,1359,1384]" captionStart="FIGURE 2" captionStartId="2.[151,250,1821,1843]" captionTargetBox="[274,1322,625,1799]" captionTargetId="figure@2.[264,1323,625,1800]" captionTargetPageId="2" captionText="FIGURE 2. Haplogonaria schillingi sp. nov.; Sagittal histological section of holotype stained with toluidine blue. A. Whole animal. B. Copulatory organs. cop male copulatory organ, ds digestive syncytium, e egg, gls sphere of glandular secretions, gp gonopore, gs glandular secretions, m mouth, pc parenchymal cell, rg rhabdoid gland, sb seminal bursa, sv seminal vesicle, sp sperm, sph sphincter, sv seminal vesicle, v vagina. Arrowhead points to opening of seminal vesicle." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/243138/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="114">Fig. 2</figureCitation>
|
||
B) and that are cyanophilic with hematoxylin and eosin. Seminal vesicle composed of thick pseudostriated muscle fibers surrounding bundle of sperm and with strong sphincters around its opening on posterior wall of atrium (
|
||
<figureCitation id="136C2A76967CC77EFDFCA3EDFD6FFA1A" box="[565,640,1431,1456]" captionStart="FIGURE 1" captionStartId="1.[151,250,1799,1821]" captionTargetBox="[323,1275,796,1778]" captionTargetId="figure@1.[312,1275,796,1778]" captionTargetPageId="1" captionText="FIGURE 1. Haplogonaria schillingi sp. nov.; photomicrographs of living specimen. A. Dorsal view of lightly squeezed specimen. B. Dorsal view of posterior end of specimen. cop male copulatory organ, e egg, rg rhabdoid gland, sb seminal bursa, sv seminal vesicle." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/243137/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="114">Figs. 1</figureCitation>
|
||
B, 2B, 3B). Penis absent; some glandular secretions present at seminal vesicle opening. (
|
||
<figureCitation id="136C2A76967CC77EFE95A3C1FE4FFA7E" box="[348,416,1467,1492]" captionStart="FIGURE 2" captionStartId="2.[151,250,1821,1843]" captionTargetBox="[274,1322,625,1799]" captionTargetId="figure@2.[264,1323,625,1800]" captionTargetPageId="2" captionText="FIGURE 2. Haplogonaria schillingi sp. nov.; Sagittal histological section of holotype stained with toluidine blue. A. Whole animal. B. Copulatory organs. cop male copulatory organ, ds digestive syncytium, e egg, gls sphere of glandular secretions, gp gonopore, gs glandular secretions, m mouth, pc parenchymal cell, rg rhabdoid gland, sb seminal bursa, sv seminal vesicle, sp sperm, sph sphincter, sv seminal vesicle, v vagina. Arrowhead points to opening of seminal vesicle." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/243138/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="114">Fig. 2</figureCitation>
|
||
B).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C34D6578967CC779FF0EA3A5FE9BFE22" lastPageId="4" lastPageNumber="115" pageId="3" pageNumber="114" type="discussion">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BE836F3967CC77EFF0EA3A5FD82F82E" blockId="3.[151,1437,891,2032]" pageId="3" pageNumber="114">
|
||
<emphasis id="B923EAE1967CC77EFF0EA3A5FEDBFA52" bold="true" box="[199,308,1503,1528]" pageId="3" pageNumber="114">Remarks</emphasis>
|
||
. Several specimens of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C574D70967CC77EFDFEA39AFD2EFA5D" box="[567,705,1503,1527]" class="Acoelomorpha" family="Haploposthiidae" genus="Haplogonaria" kingdom="Animalia" order="Acoela" pageId="3" pageNumber="114" phylum="Xenacoelomorpha" rank="species" species="schillingi">
|
||
<emphasis id="B923EAE1967CC77EFDFEA39AFD2EFA5D" box="[567,705,1503,1527]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="114">H. schillingi</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
collected at the same time as the
|
||
<typeStatus id="54EC8851967CC77EFBF3A39AFB85FA52" box="[1082,1130,1504,1528]" pageId="3" pageNumber="114">type</typeStatus>
|
||
material were preserved in 95% ethanol and used for DNA extraction and molecular analysis. The sequence data was included in a phylogenetic analysis of the
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C574D70967CC77EFE20A05DFDD4F9EA" box="[489,571,1575,1600]" class="Acoelomorpha" kingdom="Animalia" order="Acoela" pageId="3" pageNumber="114" phylum="Xenacoelomorpha" rank="order">Acoela</taxonomicName>
|
||
, using sequences of the nuclear ribosomal SSU (18S), LSU (28S), and a portion of the mitochondrial cytochrome oxidase subunit I (COI) (GenBank accession numbers:
|
||
<accessionNumber id="9404AB10967CC77EFB3AA031FA83F9CE" box="[1267,1388,1611,1636]" httpUri="https://www.ebi.ac.uk/ena/browser/api/embl/FR837859" pageId="3" pageNumber="114">FR837859</accessionNumber>
|
||
,
|
||
<accessionNumber id="9404AB10967CC77EFAB3A036FF01F922" httpUri="https://www.ebi.ac.uk/ena/browser/api/embl/FR837700" pageId="3" pageNumber="114">FR 837700</accessionNumber>
|
||
, and
|
||
<accessionNumber id="9404AB10967CC77EFEFBA00AFE45F922" box="[306,426,1648,1672]" httpUri="https://www.ebi.ac.uk/ena/browser/api/embl/FR837782" pageId="3" pageNumber="114">FR837782</accessionNumber>
|
||
) (Jondelius
|
||
<emphasis id="B923EAE1967CC77EFDF5A00AFD9EF92D" box="[572,625,1647,1671]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="114">et al</emphasis>
|
||
. 2011). Although it was not yet formally described, the species was preliminarily identified in Jondelius
|
||
<emphasis id="B923EAE1967CC77EFDFAA0EEFD83F906" box="[563,620,1684,1708]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="114">et al.</emphasis>
|
||
(2011) as belonging to
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C574D70967CC77EFCB3A0EEFBF6F906" box="[890,1049,1684,1708]" class="Acoelomorpha" family="Haploposthiidae" genus="Haplogonaria" kingdom="Animalia" order="Acoela" pageId="3" pageNumber="114" phylum="Xenacoelomorpha" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B923EAE1967CC77EFCB3A0EEFBF6F906" box="[890,1049,1684,1708]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="114">Haplogonaria</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, and was listed in their Table 1 as
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C574D70967CC77EFF5EA0CDFED9F965" box="[151,310,1719,1743]" class="Acoelomorpha" family="Haploposthiidae" genus="Haplogonaria" kingdom="Animalia" order="Acoela" pageId="3" pageNumber="114" phylum="Xenacoelomorpha" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B923EAE1967CC77EFF5EA0CDFED9F965" box="[151,310,1719,1743]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="114">Haplogonaria</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
“
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C574D70967CC77EFE81A0CDFE5EF97A" box="[328,433,1719,1744]" class="Acoelomorpha" family="Haploposthiidae" genus="Haplogonaria" kingdom="Animalia" order="Acoela" pageId="3" pageNumber="114" phylum="Xenacoelomorpha" rank="species" species="schillingi">schillingi</taxonomicName>
|
||
”—with the specific epithet in quotation marks to denote that it was not a valid species. However, in
|
||
<figureCitation id="136C2A76967CC77EFEE4A0A1FE74F95E" box="[301,411,1755,1780]" captionStart="FIGURE 2" captionStartId="2.[151,250,1821,1843]" captionTargetBox="[274,1322,625,1799]" captionTargetId="figure@2.[264,1323,625,1800]" captionTargetPageId="2" captionText="FIGURE 2. Haplogonaria schillingi sp. nov.; Sagittal histological section of holotype stained with toluidine blue. A. Whole animal. B. Copulatory organs. cop male copulatory organ, ds digestive syncytium, e egg, gls sphere of glandular secretions, gp gonopore, gs glandular secretions, m mouth, pc parenchymal cell, rg rhabdoid gland, sb seminal bursa, sv seminal vesicle, sp sperm, sph sphincter, sv seminal vesicle, v vagina. Arrowhead points to opening of seminal vesicle." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/243138/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="114">Figures 2</figureCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<figureCitation id="136C2A76967CC77EFE63A0A6FE56F95E" box="[426,441,1756,1780]" captionStart="FIGURE 3" captionStartId="3.[151,250,769,791]" captionTargetBox="[264,1322,185,755]" captionTargetId="figure@3.[264,1323,185,755]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="FIGURE 3. Haplogonaria schillingi sp. nov.; musculature of gonopore and male copulatory organ in whole-mount stained with Alexa- 488 - labeled phalloidin and viewed with confocal microscopy. A. Projection of gonopore sphincters and underlying seminal vesicle. B. Seminal vesicle. gp gonopore, sph sphincter, sv seminal vesicle, svo seminal vesicle opening." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/243139/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="114">3</figureCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<figureCitation id="136C2A76967CC77EFE01A0A6FE37F95E" box="[456,472,1756,1780]" captionStart="FIGURE 4" captionStartId="6.[151,250,1235,1257]" captionTargetBox="[402,1184,193,1213]" captionTargetId="figure@6.[402,1184,193,1213]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="FIGURE 4. Haplogonaria baki sp. nov.; photomicrographs. A. Dorsal view of lightly squeezed living specimen. B – C. Projection of male copulatory organ in whole-mount stained with Alexa- 488 - labeled phalloidin and viewed with confocal microscopy. gp gonopore, sph sphincter, sv seminal vesicle, svo seminal vesicle opening." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/243140/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="114">4</figureCitation>
|
||
, and 8, and Table 8, the epithet is shown without quotation marks. The analysis of Jondelius
|
||
<emphasis id="B923EAE1967CC77EFEC1A17AFED5F8BD" box="[264,314,1791,1815]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="114">et al</emphasis>
|
||
. (2011) produced gene trees in which
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C574D70967CC77EFD25A17AFC98F8BD" box="[748,887,1791,1815]" class="Acoelomorpha" family="Haploposthiidae" genus="Haplogonaria" kingdom="Animalia" order="Acoela" pageId="3" pageNumber="114" phylum="Xenacoelomorpha" rank="species" species="schillingi">
|
||
<emphasis id="B923EAE1967CC77EFD25A17AFC98F8BD" box="[748,887,1791,1815]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="114">H. schillingi</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
grouped most closely with another species from the same habitat,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C574D70967CC77EFE94A15EFC73F896" authority="Hooge & Tyler, 2003" authorityName="Hooge & Tyler" authorityYear="2003" box="[349,924,1827,1852]" class="Acoelomorpha" family="Isodiametridae" genus="Pseudaphanostoma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Acoela" pageId="3" pageNumber="114" phylum="Xenacoelomorpha" rank="species" species="smithrii">
|
||
<emphasis id="B923EAE1967CC77EFE94A15EFD78F896" box="[349,663,1828,1852]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="114">Pseudaphanostoma smithrii</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFC64B02967CC77EFD56A15EFC73F896" author="Hooge" box="[671,924,1827,1852]" pageId="3" pageNumber="114" refString="Hooge, M. D. & Tyler, S. (2003 a) Acoels (Platyhelminthes, Acoela) from the Atlantic coast of North America. Meiofauna Marina, 12, 7 - 36." type="journal article" year="2003" yearSuffix="a">Hooge & Tyler, 2003a</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
in the family
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C574D70967CC77EFBF4A159FB09F896" box="[1085,1254,1827,1852]" class="Acoelomorpha" family="Isodiametridae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Acoela" pageId="3" pageNumber="114" phylum="Xenacoelomorpha" rank="family">Isodiametridae</taxonomicName>
|
||
, and away from members of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C574D70967CC77EFEEEA13DFE4AF8CA" box="[295,421,1863,1888]" class="Acoelomorpha" family="Proporidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Acoela" pageId="3" pageNumber="114" phylum="Xenacoelomorpha" rank="family">Proporidae</taxonomicName>
|
||
. As a result, the authors state that
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C574D70967CC77EFCFBA132FC51F8F5" box="[818,958,1863,1887]" class="Acoelomorpha" family="Haploposthiidae" genus="Haplogonaria" kingdom="Animalia" order="Acoela" pageId="3" pageNumber="114" phylum="Xenacoelomorpha" rank="species" species="schillingi">
|
||
<emphasis id="B923EAE1967CC77EFCFBA132FC51F8F5" box="[818,958,1863,1887]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="114">H. schillingi</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
is to be formally transferred to the genus
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C574D70967CC77EFF5EA116FE9CF82E" box="[151,371,1900,1924]" class="Acoelomorpha" family="Isodiametridae" genus="Pseudaphanostoma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Acoela" pageId="3" pageNumber="114" phylum="Xenacoelomorpha" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B923EAE1967CC77EFF5EA116FE9CF82E" box="[151,371,1900,1924]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="114">Pseudaphanostoma</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
in the
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C574D70967CC77EFE76A111FD86F82E" box="[447,617,1899,1924]" class="Acoelomorpha" family="Isodiametridae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Acoela" pageId="3" pageNumber="114" phylum="Xenacoelomorpha" rank="family">Isodiametridae</taxonomicName>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BE836F3967CC77EFF0EA1F5FA72F85A" blockId="3.[151,1437,891,2032]" pageId="3" pageNumber="114">
|
||
The sequence data of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C574D70967CC77EFE0BA1EAFDA1F80D" box="[450,590,1935,1959]" class="Acoelomorpha" family="Haploposthiidae" genus="Haplogonaria" kingdom="Animalia" order="Acoela" pageId="3" pageNumber="114" phylum="Xenacoelomorpha" rank="species" species="schillingi">
|
||
<emphasis id="B923EAE1967CC77EFE0BA1EAFDA1F80D" box="[450,590,1935,1959]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="114">H. schillingi</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
was later used in analyses of gene sequences in
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFC64B02967CC77EFB49A1F5FA85F802" box="[1152,1386,1935,1960]" pageId="3" pageNumber="114" refString="Nilsson, K. S., Wallberg, A. & Jondelius, U. (2011) New species of Acoela from the Mediterranean, the Red Sea, and the South Pacific. Zootaxa, 2867, 1 - 31." type="journal article">
|
||
Nilsson
|
||
<emphasis id="B923EAE1967CC77EFB17A1EAFAFFF80D" box="[1246,1296,1935,1959]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="114">et al</emphasis>
|
||
. (2011)
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
and
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFC64B02967CC77EFF5EA1C9FE0FF866" author="Kanneby" box="[151,480,1971,1996]" pageId="3" pageNumber="114" refString="Kanneby, T. & Jondelius, U. (2013) Four new species of Acoela from Chile. Zootaxa, 3736 (5), 471 - 485. http: // dx. doi. org / 10.11646 / zootaxa. 3736.5.3" type="journal article" year="2013">Kånneby & Jondelius (2013)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
, but was still listed as a species of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C574D70967CC77EFCA5A1CEFBE5F866" box="[876,1034,1972,1996]" class="Acoelomorpha" family="Haploposthiidae" genus="Haplogonaria" kingdom="Animalia" order="Acoela" pageId="3" pageNumber="114" phylum="Xenacoelomorpha" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B923EAE1967CC77EFCA5A1CEFBE5F866" box="[876,1034,1972,1996]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="114">Haplogonaria</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, rather than
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C574D70967CC77EFB52A1CEFA99F866" box="[1179,1398,1972,1996]" class="Acoelomorpha" family="Isodiametridae" genus="Pseudaphanostoma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Acoela" pageId="3" pageNumber="114" phylum="Xenacoelomorpha" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B923EAE1967CC77EFB52A1CEFA99F866" box="[1179,1398,1972,1996]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="114">Pseudaphanostoma</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. In these studies, the
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C574D70967CC77EFE93A1A2FE0BF845" box="[346,484,2007,2031]" class="Acoelomorpha" family="Haploposthiidae" genus="Haplogonaria" kingdom="Animalia" order="Acoela" pageId="3" pageNumber="114" phylum="Xenacoelomorpha" rank="species" species="schillingi">
|
||
<emphasis id="B923EAE1967CC77EFE93A1A2FE0BF845" box="[346,484,2007,2031]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="114">H. schillingi</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
gene sequences again grouped with species of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C574D70967CC77EFC26A1ADFB7AF85A" box="[1007,1173,2007,2032]" class="Acoelomorpha" family="Isodiametridae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Acoela" pageId="3" pageNumber="114" phylum="Xenacoelomorpha" rank="family">Isodiametridae</taxonomicName>
|
||
rather than
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C574D70967CC77EFAD3A1ADFA76F85A" box="[1306,1433,2007,2032]" class="Acoelomorpha" family="Proporidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Acoela" pageId="3" pageNumber="114" phylum="Xenacoelomorpha" rank="family">Proporidae</taxonomicName>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BE836F3967BC779FF0EA6EDFE9BFE22" blockId="4.[151,1437,151,789]" pageId="4" pageNumber="115">
|
||
The morphology of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C574D70967BC779FE66A6E3FDD3FF1A" box="[431,572,152,176]" class="Acoelomorpha" family="Haploposthiidae" genus="Haplogonaria" kingdom="Animalia" order="Acoela" pageId="4" pageNumber="115" phylum="Xenacoelomorpha" rank="species" species="schillingi">
|
||
<emphasis id="B923EAE1967BC779FE66A6E3FDD3FF1A" box="[431,572,152,176]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="115">H. schillingi</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
is incongruous with the diagnostic characters of the
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C574D70967BC779FB68A6EDFAA5FF1A" box="[1185,1354,151,176]" class="Acoelomorpha" family="Isodiametridae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Acoela" pageId="4" pageNumber="115" phylum="Xenacoelomorpha" rank="family">Isodiametridae</taxonomicName>
|
||
, which includes a male copulatory organ with a muscular, isodiametric, tubular penis, with penis musculature composed of inner circular and outer non-anastomosing longitudinal fibers (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFC64B02967BC779FC50A69AFB4BFF52" author="Hooge" box="[921,1188,223,248]" pageId="4" pageNumber="115" refString="Hooge, M. D. & Eppinger, N. (2005) New species of Acoela (Acoelomorpha) from the Gulf of California. Zootaxa, 1009, 1 - 14." type="journal article" year="2005">Hooge & Tyler 2005</bibRefCitation>
|
||
). In the absence of morphological data supporting placement in the
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C574D70967BC779FD7CA77EFCB1FEB7" box="[693,862,260,285]" class="Acoelomorpha" family="Isodiametridae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Acoela" pageId="4" pageNumber="115" phylum="Xenacoelomorpha" rank="family">Isodiametridae</taxonomicName>
|
||
, we herein persist in placing our new species in the genus
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C574D70967BC779FF2AA752FDF7FEEA" box="[227,536,295,320]" class="Acoelomorpha" family="Haploposthiidae" genus="Haplogonaria" kingdom="Animalia" order="Acoela" pageId="4" pageNumber="115" phylum="Xenacoelomorpha" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B923EAE1967BC779FF2AA752FE6DFEEA" box="[227,386,296,320]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="115">Haplogonaria</emphasis>
|
||
(Proporidae)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and assume the molecular-sequence data may have resulted from an error in handling specimens. We hope future studies will help explain the lack of concordance between the morphological and molecular data.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C34D6578967BC779FF0EA7EEFB85FCBE" pageId="4" pageNumber="115" type="reference_group">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BE836F3967BC779FF0EA7EEFC31FD97" blockId="4.[151,1437,151,789]" pageId="4" pageNumber="115">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C574D70967BC779FF0EA7EEFE89FE06" box="[199,358,404,428]" class="Acoelomorpha" family="Haploposthiidae" genus="Haplogonaria" kingdom="Animalia" order="Acoela" pageId="4" pageNumber="115" phylum="Xenacoelomorpha" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B923EAE1967BC779FF0EA7EEFE89FE06" box="[199,358,404,428]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="115">Haplogonaria</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
is likely a polyphyletic taxon, consisting of 15 species (Tyler
|
||
<emphasis id="B923EAE1967BC779FBD0A7EFFBA6FE06" box="[1049,1097,404,428]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="115">et al</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
<date id="FFE91033967BC779FB91A7EEFB3DFE07" box="[1112,1234,404,429]" pageId="4" pageNumber="115" value="2006" valueMax="2015">2006-2015</date>
|
||
) that all possess a seminal bursa that lacks a bursal nozzle and have more or less spherical seminal vesicles (Table 1).
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFC64B02967BC779FAF8A7C2FEBEFE5F" author="Hooge" pageId="4" pageNumber="115" refString="Hooge, M. D. & Eppinger, N. (2005) New species of Acoela (Acoelomorpha) from the Gulf of California. Zootaxa, 1009, 1 - 14." type="journal article" year="2005">Hooge & Eppinger (2005)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
recognized that some species of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C574D70967BC779FD07A7A6FC82FE5E" box="[718,877,476,500]" class="Acoelomorpha" family="Haploposthiidae" genus="Haplogonaria" kingdom="Animalia" order="Acoela" pageId="4" pageNumber="115" phylum="Xenacoelomorpha" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B923EAE1967BC779FD07A7A6FC82FE5E" box="[718,877,476,500]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="115">Haplogonaria</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
have non-muscular, or weakly muscular seminal vesicles, while other species have thick musculature (Table 1). We agree with
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFC64B02967BC779FBD0A47AFAC8FDB2" author="Hooge" box="[1049,1319,511,536]" pageId="4" pageNumber="115" refString="Hooge, M. D. & Rocha, C. E. F. (2006) Acoela (Acoelomorpha) from the northern beaches of the state of Sao Paulo, Brazil and a systematic revision of the family Otocelididae. Zootaxa, 1335, 1 - 50." type="journal article" year="2006">Hooge & Rocha (2006)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
that these differences likely indicate separate phylogenetic lineages within the genus.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BE836F3967BC779FF0EA433FB85FCBE" blockId="4.[151,1437,151,789]" pageId="4" pageNumber="115">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C574D70967BC779FF0EA433FEBDFDCA" box="[199,338,584,608]" class="Acoelomorpha" family="Haploposthiidae" genus="Haplogonaria" kingdom="Animalia" order="Acoela" pageId="4" pageNumber="115" phylum="Xenacoelomorpha" rank="species" species="schillingi">
|
||
<emphasis id="B923EAE1967BC779FF0EA433FEBDFDCA" box="[199,338,584,608]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="115">H. schillingi</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
is most morphologically similar to
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C574D70967BC779FD21A432FC51FDCA" box="[744,958,584,608]" class="Acoelomorpha" family="Haploposthiidae" genus="Haplogonaria" kingdom="Animalia" order="Acoela" pageId="4" pageNumber="115" phylum="Xenacoelomorpha" rank="species" species="baki" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="B923EAE1967BC779FD21A432FC51FDCA" box="[744,958,584,608]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="115">Haplogonaria baki</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<emphasis id="B923EAE1967BC779FC0FA43DFBCEFDCA" bold="true" box="[966,1057,583,608]" pageId="4" pageNumber="115">
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A210579A967BC779FC0FA43DFBCEFDCA" box="[966,1057,583,608]" pageId="4" pageNumber="115" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
; a comparison of these species is provided below. Among previously described species,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C574D70967BC779FD36A417FC65FD2E" box="[767,906,620,644]" class="Acoelomorpha" family="Haploposthiidae" genus="Haplogonaria" kingdom="Animalia" order="Acoela" pageId="4" pageNumber="115" phylum="Xenacoelomorpha" rank="species" species="schillingi">
|
||
<emphasis id="B923EAE1967BC779FD36A417FC65FD2E" box="[767,906,620,644]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="115">H. schillingi</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
is similar to
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C574D70967BC779FBD6A417FF30FD02" authority="Hooge & Tyler, 2003" authorityName="Hooge & Tyler" authorityYear="2003" class="Acoelomorpha" family="Haploposthiidae" genus="Haplogonaria" kingdom="Animalia" order="Acoela" pageId="4" pageNumber="115" phylum="Xenacoelomorpha" rank="species" species="phyllospadicis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B923EAE1967BC779FBD6A417FB0BFD2E" box="[1055,1252,620,644]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="115">H. phyllospadicis</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFC64B02967BC779FB25A417FF30FD02" author="Hooge" pageId="4" pageNumber="115" refString="Hooge, M. D. & Tyler, S. (2003 b) Two new acoels (Acoela, Platyhelminthes) from the central coast of California, Zootaxa, 131, 1 - 14." type="journal article" year="2003" yearSuffix="b">Hooge & Tyler, 2003b</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C574D70967BC779FEEDA4EBFD51FD02" authority="Hooge & Rocha, 2006" authorityName="Hooge & Rocha" authorityYear="2006" box="[292,702,655,680]" class="Acoelomorpha" family="Haploposthiidae" genus="Haplogonaria" kingdom="Animalia" order="Acoela" pageId="4" pageNumber="115" phylum="Xenacoelomorpha" rank="species" species="sophiae">
|
||
<emphasis id="B923EAE1967BC779FEEDA4EBFE4CFD02" box="[292,419,656,680]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="115">H. sophiae</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFC64B02967BC779FE66A4EAFD51FD02" author="Hooge" box="[431,702,655,680]" pageId="4" pageNumber="115" refString="Hooge, M. D. & Rocha, C. E. F. (2006) Acoela (Acoelomorpha) from the northern beaches of the state of Sao Paulo, Brazil and a systematic revision of the family Otocelididae. Zootaxa, 1335, 1 - 50." type="journal article" year="2006">Hooge & Rocha, 2006</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, both of which have seminal vesicles with thick musculature, although neither are as muscular as that of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C574D70967BC779FD59A4CFFCF1FD66" box="[656,798,692,716]" class="Acoelomorpha" family="Haploposthiidae" genus="Haplogonaria" kingdom="Animalia" order="Acoela" pageId="4" pageNumber="115" phylum="Xenacoelomorpha" rank="species" species="schillingi">
|
||
<emphasis id="B923EAE1967BC779FD59A4CFFCF1FD66" box="[656,798,692,716]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="115">H. schillingi</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
.
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C574D70967BC779FCE6A4CFFC53FD66" box="[815,956,692,716]" class="Acoelomorpha" family="Haploposthiidae" genus="Haplogonaria" kingdom="Animalia" order="Acoela" pageId="4" pageNumber="115" phylum="Xenacoelomorpha" rank="species" species="schillingi">
|
||
<emphasis id="B923EAE1967BC779FCE6A4CFFC53FD66" box="[815,956,692,716]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="115">H. schillingi</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
differs from these two species in several ways, including the presence of red pigmentation in the parenchyma, muscular sphincters associated with the gonopore, and a seminal vesicle that is more ellipsoid than spherical in shape (Table 1).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |