275 lines
35 KiB
XML
275 lines
35 KiB
XML
<document id="66E9D1FD5A53C2377A19C6DF22F09B23" ID-CLB-Dataset="3002" ID-DOI="10.11646/zootaxa.5071.3.5" ID-GBIF-Dataset="2ea1cd2a-a32c-4fb8-902e-b3150eb9d760" ID-ISSN="1175-5326" ID-Zenodo-Dep="5723772" ID-ZooBank="C1257B0C-0D8B-4B49-B2C3-B7AC8A3468E0" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.tables_requiresApprovalFor="existingObjects,plazi" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1637746158982" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Perez, Kathryn E., Leal, Manuel Spor, Glover, Houston, Chastain, Rebecca T., Hutchins, Benjamin T. & Schwartz, Benjamin" docDate="2021" docId="03FCC76FFF902E2076DECF90FCCDFEC2" docLanguage="en" docName="zootaxa.5071.3.5.pdf" docOrigin="Zootaxa 5071 (3)" docStyle="DocumentStyle:647186512141C8FC8976D5BCC54AEB7D.9:Zootaxa.2013-.journal_article" docStyleId="647186512141C8FC8976D5BCC54AEB7D" docStyleName="Zootaxa.2013-.journal_article" docStyleVersion="9" docTitle="Pyrgulopsis rubra Perez & Leal & Glover & Chastain & Hutchins & Schwartz 2021, sp. nov." docType="treatment" docUuid="C7481249-6B82-4C95-A08F-26E5AD4ACC7E" docUuidSource="ZooBank" docVersion="7" lastPageNumber="396" masterDocId="FFC5BF17FF992E2D7649CA03FF82FFA7" masterDocTitle="Two new species of Pyrgulopsis Call & Pilsbry, 1886 (Mollusca: Caenogastropoda: Hydrobiidae) from springs in the Rio Grande watershed in Texas" masterLastPageNumber="402" masterPageNumber="384" pageNumber="393" updateTime="1699469952356" updateUser="ExternalLinkService" zenodo-license-document="CLOSED">
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<mods:title id="BA575DA773A96602D43F13B76A9E9A07">Two new species of Pyrgulopsis Call & Pilsbry, 1886 (Mollusca: Caenogastropoda: Hydrobiidae) from springs in the Rio Grande watershed in Texas</mods:title>
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<mods:name id="F3112386E3A18A7B0F044708A28ACBEF" type="personal">
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<mods:roleTerm id="8F6903CECBB9203007689B0AAF22458F">Author</mods:roleTerm>
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<mods:namePart id="1C34831FF1ADCB4665B9BF483CEA533D">Perez, Kathryn E.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="F5A7EEBC17FC4FEAFFD3659A7611AEF2">Department of Biology, University of Texas Rio Grande Valley, Edinburg, TX, 78542, USA.</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart id="C92E04118D8358481CD01F9975ADFFD9">Leal, Manuel Spor</mods:namePart>
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<mods:nameIdentifier id="8E08C282CC59AB3035D408188A01B593" type="ORCID">0000-0001-6683-089X</mods:nameIdentifier>
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<mods:affiliation id="C9F8260FF62D1C63DE881D75D36A23F5">Department of Biology, University of Texas Rio Grande Valley, Edinburg, TX, 78542, USA. & manuelsporleal @ gmail. com; https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0001 - 6683 - 089 X</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:nameIdentifier id="98FD4F64348BFDAB9BA0D8AB1E782BEA" type="email">manuelsporleal@gmail.com</mods:nameIdentifier>
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<mods:namePart id="35DD0EFF3880770E08CBA295B09F4B1B">Glover, Houston</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="B6BB6268EA9425402466CFE9FA9B947D">Department of Biology, University of Texas Rio Grande Valley, Edinburg, TX, 78542, USA. & houston. glover 01 @ utrgv. edu; https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0003 - 0079 - 8983</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:nameIdentifier id="1D39923465F2B5C643141F7005E80255" type="email">houston.glover01@utrgv.edu</mods:nameIdentifier>
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<mods:namePart id="4E1F0A76AB8115146D76CF75DCF159DB">Chastain, Rebecca T.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:nameIdentifier id="2E481B87F3D15616988B051E07624670" type="ORCID">0000-0003-1795-134X</mods:nameIdentifier>
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<mods:affiliation id="8E12450539223E1BE81D9F40E3655875">Department of Biology, University of Texas Rio Grande Valley, Edinburg, TX, 78542, USA. & rebecca. chastain 01 @ utrgv. edu; https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0003 - 1795 - 134 X</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:nameIdentifier id="9B98ACF0099BA455C2A73AC15A98FCCD" type="email">rebecca.chastain01@utrgv.edu</mods:nameIdentifier>
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<mods:namePart id="F4269F6BD4CF594F7E550A6E2FDCDC3D">Hutchins, Benjamin T.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="CDB16C1122DCB45455EED9E743621DC6">Edwards Aquifer Research and Data Center, Texas State University, San Marcos, TX, 78666, USA.</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart id="E0AAACBD8CF9ADE66323E6537FA815F7">Schwartz, Benjamin</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="E257682F38EF5A35FA522E746FEF7542">Edwards Aquifer Research and Data Center, Texas State University, San Marcos, TX, 78666, USA. & Department of Biology, Texas State University, San Marcos, TX, 78666, USA.</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:title id="8880B883EA00F73B879512063E610FC7">Zootaxa</mods:title>
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<mods:part id="E46586D8D7C5E48FB12C474FD4E119D2">
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<mods:date id="40724C1D43A71056FD057B6D7385C810">2021</mods:date>
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<mods:number id="B526DA0A79636B43C5261F573821235A">2021-11-24</mods:number>
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<mods:number id="6F22D8FA7C07FBD1A378A2F1C4EBCCEC">5071</mods:number>
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<treatment id="03FCC76FFF902E2076DECF90FCCDFEC2" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5723540" ID-GBIF-Taxon="191502354" ID-Zenodo-Dep="5723540" LSID="urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:C7481249-6B82-4C95-A08F-26E5AD4ACC7E" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/03FCC76FFF902E2076DECF90FCCDFEC2" lastPageId="13" lastPageNumber="396" pageId="9" pageNumber="393">
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<paragraph id="8BEA7679FF902E2476DECF90FDA8FA09" blockId="9.[151,972,1427,1526]" box="[151,554,1427,1454]" pageId="9" pageNumber="393">
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<heading id="D0A2C115FF902E2476DECF90FDA8FA09" bold="true" box="[151,554,1427,1454]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="9" pageNumber="393" reason="1">
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<emphasis id="B921AA6BFF902E2476DECF90FDA8FA09" bold="true" box="[151,554,1427,1454]" pageId="9" pageNumber="393">
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<taxonomicName id="4C550DFAFF902E2476DECF90FE3DFA09" ID-CoL="8SN7B" authority="Perez" authorityName="Perez & Leal & Glover & Chastain & Hutchins & Schwartz" authorityYear="2021" box="[151,447,1427,1454]" class="Gastropoda" family="Hydrobiidae" genus="Pyrgulopsis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Littorinimorpha" pageId="9" pageNumber="393" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="rubra" status="sp. nov.">
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<emphasis id="B921AA6BFF902E2476DECF90FEF2FA09" bold="true" box="[151,368,1427,1454]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="393">Pyrgulopsis rubra</emphasis>
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Perez
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</taxonomicName>
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,
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<taxonomicNameLabel id="A2121710FF902E247785CF97FDA8FA09" box="[460,554,1428,1454]" pageId="9" pageNumber="393" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
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</paragraph>
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<subSubSection id="C34F25F2FF902E2476DECFB4FC4EFA51" pageId="9" pageNumber="393" type="description">
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<paragraph id="8BEA7679FF902E2476DECFB4FE41FA75" blockId="9.[151,972,1427,1526]" box="[151,451,1463,1490]" pageId="9" pageNumber="393">
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<figureCitation id="136E6AFCFF902E2476DECFB4FE91FA75" box="[151,275,1463,1490]" captionStart="FIGURE 8" captionStartId="10.[151,250,1486,1510]" captionTargetBox="[158,1436,273,1453]" captionTargetId="figure-51@10.[151,1436,273,1462]" captionTargetPageId="10" captionText="FIGURE 8. Shells and anatomical features of Pyrgulopsis rubra sp. nov. A–C. holotype, Vasquez Spring, ANSP A483288, height=2.79 mm, width=2.01 mm. D–E. Penial anatomy illustrating glandular features. Pf=Penial filament, Tg=terminal gland, Tl=terminal lobe, Vg=ventral gland, Dp=penial gland, Dg1=dorsal gland 1, Dg2=dorsal gland 2, Dg3=dorsal gland 3. D. Penis, dorsal surface. E. Penis, ventral surface. F. Animal with shell removed to show dark reddish pigmentation." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5723788" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5723788/files/figure.png" pageId="9" pageNumber="393">Figs. 8A–F</figureCitation>
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,
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<figureCitation id="136E6AFCFF902E247768CFBBFEDCFA75" box="[289,350,1464,1490]" captionStart="FIGURE 9" captionStartId="11.[151,250,1951,1975]" captionTargetBox="[194,1393,181,1926]" captionTargetId="figure-32@11.[194,1393,181,1926]" captionTargetPageId="11" captionText="FIGURE 9. Scanning electron micrographs of shells (A–B), protoconch (C–D), and opercula (E = outer side; F = inner side) of Pyrgulopsis rubra sp. nov. Scale bars A–B = 500 µm; C = 100 µm; D = 50 µm; E–F = 200 µm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5723790" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5723790/files/figure.png" pageId="9" pageNumber="393">9A–F</figureCitation>
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,
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<figureCitation id="136E6AFCFF902E247724CFBBFE3DFA75" box="[365,447,1464,1490]" captionStart="FIGURE 10" captionStartId="12.[151,250,1661,1685]" captionTargetBox="[160,1428,705,1638]" captionTargetId="figure-249@12.[160,1428,705,1638]" captionTargetPageId="12" captionText="FIGURE 10. Scanning electron micrographs of radula of Pyrgulopsis rubra sp. nov. A = portion of radular ribbon; B–C = central radular teeth; D = lateral teeth and inner marginal tooth; E = lateral, inner, and outer marginal teeth. Scale bars A = 20 µm; B–E = 10 µm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5723792" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5723792/files/figure.png" pageId="9" pageNumber="393">10A–E</figureCitation>
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.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8BEA7679FF902E2476DECFD8FC4EFA51" blockId="9.[151,972,1427,1526]" box="[151,972,1499,1526]" pageId="9" pageNumber="393">
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<uri id="FFC47A7BFF902E2476DECFD8FC4EFA51" box="[151,972,1499,1526]" pageId="9" pageNumber="393">
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urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:
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<uuid id="FFF34CACFF902E2477E5CFD8FC4EFA51" box="[428,972,1499,1526]" pageId="9" pageNumber="393">C7481249-6B82-4C95-A08F-26E5AD4ACC7E</uuid>
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<subSubSection id="C34F25F2FF902E2476DECC20FA1EF90D" pageId="9" pageNumber="393" type="diagnosis">
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<paragraph id="8BEA7679FF902E2476DECC20FB2FF921" blockId="9.[151,1437,1571,2030]" pageId="9" pageNumber="393">
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<emphasis id="B921AA6BFF902E2476DECC20FE90F99A" bold="true" box="[151,274,1571,1597]" pageId="9" pageNumber="393">Diagnosis.</emphasis>
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Shell ovate-conic, pale brown with slightly convex whorls. Aperture ovate, usually appressed to body whorl. Mantle tissue pigmented reddish. Rounded median cusp of central radular teeth. Penial gland does not bifurcate at proximal end, terminal gland of the penis extending to ventral and dorsal aspects.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8BEA7679FF902E24768ECC93FA1EF90D" blockId="9.[151,1437,1571,2030]" box="[199,1436,1679,1706]" pageId="9" pageNumber="393">
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<typeStatus id="54EEC8DBFF902E24768ECC93FE8DF90D" box="[199,271,1680,1706]" pageId="9" pageNumber="393">Types</typeStatus>
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.
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</emphasis>
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HolotypeANSPA483288,paratypesANSPA483289, all from
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,
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<collectingCounty id="628B0EF5FF902E2472FECC8CFAE8F90D" box="[1207,1386,1679,1706]" pageId="9" pageNumber="393">Presidio County</collectingCounty>
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,TX
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.
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</paragraph>
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<typeStatus id="54EEC8DBFF902E24768ECCB7FE80F969" box="[199,258,1716,1742]" pageId="9" pageNumber="393">Type</typeStatus>
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locality.
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</emphasis>
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<location id="8E8A20A2FF902E24772DCCB0FDD5F96A" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03FCC76FFF902E2076DECF90FCCDFEC2:8E8A20A2FF902E24772DCCB0FDD5F96A" box="[356,599,1715,1741]" county="Presidio County" latitude="29.50925" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="-104.17158" municipality="Big Bend Ranch State Park" name="PaloAmarillo Springs" pageId="9" pageNumber="393">PaloAmarillo Springs</location>
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,
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<collectingMunicipality id="6B8EEC03FF902E247417CCB0FC00F96A" box="[606,898,1715,1742]" pageId="9" pageNumber="393">Big Bend Ranch State Park</collectingMunicipality>
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,
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,-
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,
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<collectingCounty id="628B0EF5FF902E2472FECCB0FAE8F969" box="[1207,1386,1715,1742]" pageId="9" pageNumber="393">Presidio County</collectingCounty>
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,TX
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.
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</paragraph>
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<subSubSection id="C34F25F2FF902E24768ECCDBFB00F8B2" pageId="9" pageNumber="393" type="etymology">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BEA7679FF902E24768ECCDBFB00F8B2" blockId="9.[151,1437,1571,2030]" pageId="9" pageNumber="393">
|
||
<emphasis id="B921AA6BFF902E24768ECCDBFECCF955" bold="true" box="[199,334,1752,1778]" pageId="9" pageNumber="393">Etymology.</emphasis>
|
||
We use the specific epithet “rubra” to refer to both the reddish pigmentation on the tissues of this snail and the red volcanic rock faces in the high canyon walls and surrounding landscape.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C34F25F2FF902E24768ECD23FB7CF8FA" pageId="9" pageNumber="393" type="discussion">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BEA7679FF902E24768ECD23FB7CF8FA" blockId="9.[151,1437,1571,2030]" pageId="9" pageNumber="393">
|
||
<emphasis id="B921AA6BFF902E24768ECD23FEB9F89D" bold="true" box="[199,315,1824,1850]" pageId="9" pageNumber="393">Remarks.</emphasis>
|
||
Among the 30 individuals dissected from this population, only
|
||
<specimenCount id="9D53BDF0FF902E24726ACD23FBF3F89E" box="[1059,1137,1823,1850]" pageId="9" pageNumber="393" type="male">1 male</specimenCount>
|
||
was observed. Therefore, features of the male anatomy were observed in one individual and should be considered accordingly.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C34F25F2FF902E20768ECD64FCCDFEC2" lastPageId="13" lastPageNumber="397" pageId="9" pageNumber="393" type="description">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BEA7679FF902E27768ECD64FD28FF5D" blockId="9.[151,1437,1571,2030]" lastBlockId="10.[151,1437,151,250]" lastPageId="10" lastPageNumber="394" pageId="9" pageNumber="393">
|
||
<emphasis id="B921AA6BFF902E24768ECD64FEDBF826" bold="true" box="[199,345,1895,1921]" pageId="9" pageNumber="393">Description.</emphasis>
|
||
Shell ovate-conic, very pale brown in color, taller spire with slightly convex and shouldered whorls. Protoconch uneroded, mostly smooth with scattered raised granules. Teleoconch with strong growth lines. Aperture ovate, angled above, nearly appressed to body whorl. Peristome complete, inner lip slightly thickened. Outer lip prosocline, simple. Narrowly umbilicate. Average shell measurements for n=
|
||
<specimenCount id="9D53BDF0FF902E2475B9CDD7FBCBF84A" box="[1008,1097,2003,2030]" pageId="9" pageNumber="393" type="adult">10 adult</specimenCount>
|
||
individuals: shell height=
|
||
<quantity id="4CADDB9CFF902E277322CDD0FF41FF16" lastPageId="10" lastPageNumber="394" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.49" pageId="9" pageNumber="393" unit="mm" value="2.49">2.49 mm</quantity>
|
||
(SD=0.17), spire height=
|
||
<quantity id="4CADDB9CFF932E2777AFCA94FDC9FF16" box="[486,587,151,177]" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.8" pageId="10" pageNumber="394" unit="mm" value="0.48">0.48 mm</quantity>
|
||
(SD=0.08), body whorl height=
|
||
<quantity id="4CADDB9CFF932E2775F0CA94FB9FFF16" box="[953,1053,151,177]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.01" pageId="10" pageNumber="394" unit="mm" value="2.01">2.01 mm</quantity>
|
||
(SD=0.13), shell width=
|
||
<quantity id="4CADDB9CFF932E277370CA94FA1FFF16" box="[1337,1437,151,177]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.84" pageId="10" pageNumber="394" unit="mm" value="1.84">1.84 mm</quantity>
|
||
(SD=0.10), body whorl width=
|
||
<quantity id="4CADDB9CFF932E2777BACAB8FDD4FF72" box="[499,598,187,213]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.34" pageId="10" pageNumber="394" unit="mm" value="1.34">1.34 mm</quantity>
|
||
(SD=0.15), aperture height=
|
||
<quantity id="4CADDB9CFF932E2775D3CAB8FC7EFF72" box="[922,1020,187,213]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.3" pageId="10" pageNumber="394" unit="mm" value="1.3">1.30 mm</quantity>
|
||
(SD=0.05), aperture width=
|
||
<quantity id="4CADDB9CFF932E277373CAB8FA1FFF72" box="[1338,1437,187,213]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.06" pageId="10" pageNumber="394" unit="mm" value="1.06">1.06 mm</quantity>
|
||
(SD=0.09), number of whorls=4.20 (SD=0.16).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<caption id="DF2A26F1FF932E2776DECFCDFB4FF9F5" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5723788" ID-Zenodo-Dep="5723788" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5723788/files/figure.png" pageId="10" pageNumber="394" startId="10.[151,250,1486,1510]" targetBox="[158,1436,273,1453]" targetPageId="10">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BEA7679FF932E2776DECFCDFB4FF9F5" blockId="10.[151,1436,1486,1618]" pageId="10" pageNumber="394">
|
||
<emphasis id="B921AA6BFF932E2776DECFCDFE97FA41" bold="true" box="[151,277,1486,1510]" pageId="10" pageNumber="394">FIGURE 8.</emphasis>
|
||
Shells and anatomical features of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C550DFAFF932E277436CFCDFCBBFA41" authority="Perez & Leal & Glover & Chastain & Hutchins & Schwartz, 2021" authorityName="Perez & Leal & Glover & Chastain & Hutchins & Schwartz" authorityYear="2021" box="[639,825,1486,1510]" class="Gastropoda" family="Hydrobiidae" genus="Pyrgulopsis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Littorinimorpha" pageId="10" pageNumber="394" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="rubra" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="B921AA6BFF932E277436CFCDFCBBFA41" box="[639,825,1486,1510]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="394">Pyrgulopsis rubra</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A2121710FF932E27750BCFCDFC14FA41" box="[834,918,1486,1510]" pageId="10" pageNumber="394" rank="species">
|
||
<emphasis id="B921AA6BFF932E27750BCFCDFC0DFA41" bold="true" box="[834,911,1486,1510]" pageId="10" pageNumber="394">sp. nov</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
A–C. holotype, Vasquez Spring, ANSP A483288, height=2.79 mm, width=2.01 mm. D–E. Penial anatomy illustrating glandular features. Pf=Penial filament, Tg=terminal gland, Tl=terminal lobe, Vg=ventral gland, Dp=penial gland, Dg1=dorsal gland 1, Dg2=dorsal gland 2, Dg3=dorsal gland 3. D. Penis, dorsal surface. E. Penis, ventral surface. F. Animal with shell removed to show dark reddish pigmentation.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BEA7679FF932E27768ECC7AFDC1F959" blockId="10.[151,1437,1657,2041]" pageId="10" pageNumber="394">
|
||
Operculum (
|
||
<figureCitation id="136E6AFCFF932E27771ECC7AFE49F933" box="[343,459,1657,1684]" captionStart="FIGURE 9" captionStartId="11.[151,250,1951,1975]" captionTargetBox="[194,1393,181,1926]" captionTargetId="figure-32@11.[194,1393,181,1926]" captionTargetPageId="11" captionText="FIGURE 9. Scanning electron micrographs of shells (A–B), protoconch (C–D), and opercula (E = outer side; F = inner side) of Pyrgulopsis rubra sp. nov. Scale bars A–B = 500 µm; C = 100 µm; D = 50 µm; E–F = 200 µm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5723790" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5723790/files/figure.png" pageId="10" pageNumber="394">Fig. 9E, F</figureCitation>
|
||
) narrowly ovate, flat, light amber, nucleus eccentric and paucispiral. Attachment scar thickened midway to columellar edge. Attachment region callus concentrated near nucleus but with usual extent for the group. Growth lines distinct, but slight, simple. Wide band of thinned outer edges especially along outer margin, without a hint of a ridge, not elevated.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BEA7679FF932E27768ECD0BFB50F85E" blockId="10.[151,1437,1657,2041]" pageId="10" pageNumber="394">
|
||
Central radular tooth (
|
||
<figureCitation id="136E6AFCFF932E277785CD0BFD90F885" box="[460,530,1800,1826]" captionStart="FIGURE 9" captionStartId="11.[151,250,1951,1975]" captionTargetBox="[194,1393,181,1926]" captionTargetId="figure-32@11.[194,1393,181,1926]" captionTargetPageId="11" captionText="FIGURE 9. Scanning electron micrographs of shells (A–B), protoconch (C–D), and opercula (E = outer side; F = inner side) of Pyrgulopsis rubra sp. nov. Scale bars A–B = 500 µm; C = 100 µm; D = 50 µm; E–F = 200 µm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5723790" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5723790/files/figure.png" pageId="10" pageNumber="394">Fig. 9</figureCitation>
|
||
) with moderately indented dorsal edge; lateral cusps 5; central cusp rounded, considerably broader, and longer than laterals, basal cusp 1, widely elongate, slightly curved, with moderate, wide dorsal support. Basal process medium width, narrowly v-shaped; basal sockets deep. Lateral tooth face wide; Central cusp narrowly shovel-like, lateral cusps bluntly pointed, 3–4 (inner) and 3–4 (outer); outer wing broad and about same length as cutting edge. Inner marginal teeth having 14–16 cusps which enlarge rapidly beginning with the 5th tooth from the outer edge. Outer marginal teeth having ~13-small, terminal cusps, outermost tooth usually shorter and wider than others, inner edge of tooth margin sometimes with a short wing, near mid-length.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<caption id="DF2A26F1FF922E2676DECD9CFBE3F87B" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5723790" ID-Zenodo-Dep="5723790" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5723790/files/figure.png" pageId="11" pageNumber="395" startId="11.[151,250,1951,1975]" targetBox="[194,1393,181,1926]" targetPageId="11">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BEA7679FF922E2676DECD9CFBE3F87B" blockId="11.[151,1436,1951,2012]" pageId="11" pageNumber="395">
|
||
<emphasis id="B921AA6BFF922E2676DECD9CFE90F810" bold="true" box="[151,274,1951,1975]" pageId="11" pageNumber="395">FIGURE 9.</emphasis>
|
||
Scanning electron micrographs of shells (A–B), protoconch (C–D), and opercula (E = outer side; F = inner side) of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C550DFAFF922E2676DECDC0FED2F87C" authority="Perez & Leal & Glover & Chastain & Hutchins & Schwartz, 2021" authorityName="Perez & Leal & Glover & Chastain & Hutchins & Schwartz" authorityYear="2021" box="[151,336,1987,2011]" class="Gastropoda" family="Hydrobiidae" genus="Pyrgulopsis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Littorinimorpha" pageId="11" pageNumber="395" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="rubra" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="B921AA6BFF922E2676DECDC0FED2F87C" box="[151,336,1987,2011]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="395">Pyrgulopsis rubra</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A2121710FF922E26771FCDC0FE2AF87C" box="[342,424,1987,2011]" pageId="11" pageNumber="395" rank="species">
|
||
<emphasis id="B921AA6BFF922E26771FCDC0FE23F87C" bold="true" box="[342,417,1987,2011]" pageId="11" pageNumber="395">sp. nov</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
Scale bars A–B = 500 µm; C = 100 µm; D = 50 µm; E–F = 200 µm.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BEA7679FF952E21768ECA94FCC9FE76" blockId="12.[151,1437,151,681]" pageId="12" pageNumber="396">Cephalic tentacles tapered,rounded, nonexpanded, weakly developed eye lobes.Tentacles pale, except for weakly pigmented patch just distal to eye. Some individuals have patch extended into two lines of weak pigment running proximal to eyespot and ending halfway to distal end of tentacle. Snout with dark reddish-brown pigmentation, light colored on distal end. Foot pigmented reddish along anterior portion. Opercular lobe broadly pigmented along anterior portion, with spotty pigment throughout. Neck pale. Pallial roof uniformly dark reddish-brown. Mantle edge of pallial roof without coloration. Visceral coil consistent red pigment, with regular dark reddish-brown patches. Ctenidium occupies nearly the entire length of pallial cavity, filaments broader than high, with filaments elongate, roughly triangular in shape, wider at the base, slightly rounded at tip, ~15. Osphradium broadly ovate, short, opposite near middle of ctenidium, anterior end simple.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BEA7679FF952E21768ECBD8FDCCFD0E" blockId="12.[151,1437,151,681]" pageId="12" pageNumber="396">
|
||
Penis large (
|
||
<figureCitation id="136E6AFCFF952E21771DCBD8FE47FE52" box="[340,453,475,501]" captionStart="FIGURE 8" captionStartId="10.[151,250,1486,1510]" captionTargetBox="[158,1436,273,1453]" captionTargetId="figure-51@10.[151,1436,273,1462]" captionTargetPageId="10" captionText="FIGURE 8. Shells and anatomical features of Pyrgulopsis rubra sp. nov. A–C. holotype, Vasquez Spring, ANSP A483288, height=2.79 mm, width=2.01 mm. D–E. Penial anatomy illustrating glandular features. Pf=Penial filament, Tg=terminal gland, Tl=terminal lobe, Vg=ventral gland, Dp=penial gland, Dg1=dorsal gland 1, Dg2=dorsal gland 2, Dg3=dorsal gland 3. D. Penis, dorsal surface. E. Penis, ventral surface. F. Animal with shell removed to show dark reddish pigmentation." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5723788" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5723788/files/figure.png" pageId="12" pageNumber="396">Fig. 8D,E</figureCitation>
|
||
); filament medium length, narrow; lobe half the length of filament, broad. Penial gland covering most of filament, not noticeably bifurcate. Dg1 short, slightly oblique, stretching from just behind penial gland to near base of penis; Dg2 positioned along far left edge, slightly curved proximally toward Dg1; Dg3 very short, positioned at conjunction of lobe and filament. Terminal gland long, transverse, reaching from midpoint of dorsal lobe across outer edge and to near midpoint of ventral lobe. Ventral gland short, vertically aligned. Filament with moderately dark internal pigment.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<caption id="DF2A26F1FF952E2176DECC7EFEDAF979" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5723792" ID-Zenodo-Dep="5723792" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5723792/files/figure.png" pageId="12" pageNumber="396" startId="12.[151,250,1661,1685]" targetBox="[160,1428,705,1638]" targetPageId="12">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BEA7679FF952E2176DECC7EFEDAF979" blockId="12.[151,1436,1661,1758]" pageId="12" pageNumber="396">
|
||
<emphasis id="B921AA6BFF952E2176DECC7EFEA0F932" bold="true" box="[151,290,1661,1685]" pageId="12" pageNumber="396">FIGURE 10.</emphasis>
|
||
Scanning electron micrographs of radula of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C550DFAFF952E2174BFCC7EFC33F932" authority="Perez & Leal & Glover & Chastain & Hutchins & Schwartz, 2021" authorityName="Perez & Leal & Glover & Chastain & Hutchins & Schwartz" authorityYear="2021" box="[758,945,1661,1685]" class="Gastropoda" family="Hydrobiidae" genus="Pyrgulopsis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Littorinimorpha" pageId="12" pageNumber="396" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="rubra" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="B921AA6BFF952E2174BFCC7EFC33F932" box="[758,945,1661,1685]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="396">Pyrgulopsis rubra</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<emphasis id="B921AA6BFF952E2175F0CC7DFB8EF931" bold="true" box="[953,1036,1662,1686]" pageId="12" pageNumber="396">
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A2121710FF952E2175F0CC7DFB8EF931" box="[953,1036,1662,1686]" pageId="12" pageNumber="396" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
A = portion of radular ribbon; B–C = central radular teeth; D = lateral teeth and inner marginal tooth; E = lateral, inner, and outer marginal teeth. Scale bars A = 20 µm; B–E = 10 µm.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BEA7679FF952E21768ECD0FFEC6F811" blockId="12.[151,1436,1804,2011]" pageId="12" pageNumber="396">Capsule gland similar in size to albumen gland. Coiled oviduct a large loop, as large as albumen gland and covering it, with a darkly pigmented stripe. Bursa copulatrix rounded at posterior end, same width as albumen gland, posterior to gland and nearly the same size. Seminal receptacle elongate, slightly curved, larger at the end and narrow near insertion with common duct of seminal receptacle and coiled oviduct, extends nearly to end of albumen gland.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BEA7679FF952E20768ECDBCFCCDFEC2" blockId="12.[151,1436,1804,2011]" lastBlockId="13.[151,1436,150,357]" lastPageId="13" lastPageNumber="397" pageId="12" pageNumber="396">
|
||
<emphasis id="B921AA6BFF952E21768ECDBCFE77F87E" bold="true" box="[199,501,1983,2010]" pageId="12" pageNumber="396">Habitat and Distribution.</emphasis>
|
||
Palo Amarillo Spring, (
|
||
<quantity id="4CADDB9CFF952E2174B5CDC3FCC1F87D" box="[764,835,1984,2010]" metricMagnitude="4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="8.9" pageId="12" pageNumber="396" unit="km" value="89.0">89 km</quantity>
|
||
SSE of Vasquez Spring) is in a canyon on the SW side of the Big Bend Ranch State Park. The Palo Amarillo Spring population (~
|
||
<quantity id="4CADDB9CFF942E2075A0CA94FBA6FF16" box="[1001,1060,151,177]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.0" pageId="13" pageNumber="397" unit="m" value="10.0">10 m</quantity>
|
||
<superScript id="7C20DB31FF942E20726DCA95FBAEFF03" attach="left" box="[1060,1068,150,164]" fontSize="6" pageId="13" pageNumber="397">2</superScript>
|
||
) is found in high concentrations on or just below a vertical igneous bedrock face where a single small spring discharges from a horizontal fracture and flows into a small spring-fed creek in a canyon. Habitat is in a sheet of water flowing down a
|
||
<quantity id="4CADDB9CFF942E2072B1CADCFAC2FF5E" box="[1272,1344,223,249]" metricMagnitude="0" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.5" metricValueMax="3.0" metricValueMin="2.0" pageId="13" pageNumber="397" unit="m" value="2.5" valueMax="3.0" valueMin="2.0">2–3 m</quantity>
|
||
vertical rock face and through vegetation into an adjacent pool in the canyon. In lower densities on cattail, algae, and on fallen
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C550DFAFF942E207697CB24FEE3FEE6" box="[222,353,295,321]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Cactaceae" genus="Opuntia" kingdom="Plantae" order="Caryophyllales" pageId="13" pageNumber="397" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="undetermined">
|
||
<emphasis id="B921AA6BFF942E207697CB24FEB8FEE6" box="[222,314,295,321]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="397">Opuntia</emphasis>
|
||
sp.
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
pads where spring flows into main pool (
|
||
<figureCitation id="136E6AFCFF942E20757ACB24FC15FEE6" box="[819,919,295,321]" captionStart="FIGURE 11" captionStartId="13.[151,250,697,721]" captionTargetBox="[151,1437,381,674]" captionTargetId="figure-147@13.[151,1437,381,674]" captionTargetPageId="13" captionText="FIGURE 11. Type localities for new species. A. P. harrymilleri sp. nov., Vasquez Spring, Presidio Co., TX. Photo by B. Schwartz. B. P. rubra sp. nov., Palo Amarillo Springs, Presidio Co., TX. Photo by K. Perez." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5723794" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5723794/files/figure.png" pageId="13" pageNumber="397">Fig. 11B</figureCitation>
|
||
). Water temperature was 22.45 °C, pH = 7.85, conductivity = 894.1 (µS/cm), dissolved oxygen =
|
||
<quantity id="4CADDB9CFF942E20749BCB48FCADFEC2" box="[722,815,331,357]" metricMagnitude="-6" metricUnit="kg" metricValue="7.83" pageId="13" pageNumber="397" unit="mg" value="7.83">7.83 mg</quantity>
|
||
/L.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |