352 lines
41 KiB
XML
352 lines
41 KiB
XML
<document id="FFA54E0AD204EEBC78B4526FE5247606" ID-CLB-Dataset="46328" ID-DOI="10.11646/zootaxa.3768.5.6" ID-GBIF-Dataset="49631749-9cf3-4278-89a0-ef106e808e5f" ID-ISSN="1175-5326" ID-Zenodo-Dep="230537" ID-ZooBank="CC2E52AE-22E9-4678-8B89-7843892A35F6" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1460390244541" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Nel, André, Ploëg, Gaël De & Perrichot, Vincent" docDate="2014" docId="03E487F8A774EC14FF62FC36FC3A8A83" docLanguage="en" docName="zt03768p595.pdf" docOrigin="Zootaxa 3768 (5)" docStyle="DocumentStyle:647186512141C8FC8976D5BCC54AEB7D.9:Zootaxa.2013-.journal_article" docStyleId="647186512141C8FC8976D5BCC54AEB7D" docStyleName="Zootaxa.2013-.journal_article" docStyleVersion="9" docTitle="Galloatherix incompletus Nel, Ploëg & Perrichot, 2014, sp. n." docType="treatment" docVersion="8" lastPageNumber="593" masterDocId="FFDDFF80A775EC16FFF5FFA7FFC58854" masterDocTitle="The first ibis fly in mid-Cretaceous amber of France (Diptera: Athericidae)" masterLastPageNumber="595" masterPageNumber="591" pageNumber="592" updateTime="1698298144402" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
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<mods:mods id="2C41044FBC12B05BD5016911AD343C65" xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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<mods:titleInfo id="7518414A9B4F82B1E57C874D5EA92839">
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<mods:title id="B07A0E0740F4C6AA72700DD3138DB4C7">The first ibis fly in mid-Cretaceous amber of France (Diptera: Athericidae)</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="F5C81EE612F4AF4631425BD614E99E09">Nel, André</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="A7A04F8D65BBDB124EFFA929ECB7F19C">Ploëg, Gaël De</mods:namePart>
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<mods:name id="1C9682B406F403C627336CE7ABD2F9CB" type="personal">
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<mods:roleTerm id="6AEECCDCF2F05BFCCD19207C32057734">Author</mods:roleTerm>
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<mods:namePart id="5B9BF469008ACC7DEF83EF76E54D1DA8">Perrichot, Vincent</mods:namePart>
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<mods:typeOfResource id="9731DC9FAFD66A3574BBAAA8B097BBB3">text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:title id="5BC8315AD1102F1DA3790BAA5EE1D2C1">Zootaxa</mods:title>
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<mods:part id="9343461BCAE6DD436B7AAE3AD6C903E1">
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<mods:date id="ED8CA77328C945219D01E72A36BAFBA1">2014</mods:date>
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<mods:number id="29878C881ACD43D0FED06BE44B97D02C">3768</mods:number>
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<mods:identifier id="0BE7498B5C9D891F759A419323CA32FB" type="DOI">10.11646/zootaxa.3768.5.6</mods:identifier>
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<treatment id="03E487F8A774EC14FF62FC36FC3A8A83" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6126575" ID-GBIF-Taxon="119416613" ID-Zenodo-Dep="6126575" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03E487F8A774EC14FF62FC36FC3A8A83" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/03E487F8A774EC14FF62FC36FC3A8A83" lastPageId="2" lastPageNumber="593" pageId="1" pageNumber="592">
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<subSubSection id="C3576565A774EC17FF62FC36FEC28B99" pageId="1" pageNumber="592" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="8BF236EEA774EC17FF62FC36FDD68BFF" blockId="1.[151,531,913,973]" box="[151,531,913,939]" pageId="1" pageNumber="592">
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<heading id="D0BA8182A774EC17FF62FC36FDD68BFF" bold="true" box="[151,531,913,939]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="1" pageNumber="592" reason="1">
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<emphasis id="B939EAFCA774EC17FF62FC36FDD68BFF" bold="true" box="[151,531,913,939]" pageId="1" pageNumber="592">
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<taxonomicName id="4C4D4D6DA774EC17FF62FC36FE0F8BFF" ID-CoL="8C7KD" box="[151,458,913,939]" class="Insecta" family="Athericidae" genus="Galloatherix" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="592" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="incompletus" status="sp. nov.">
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<emphasis id="B939EAFCA774EC17FF62FC36FE0F8BFF" bold="true" box="[151,458,913,939]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="592">Galloatherix incompletus</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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<taxonomicNameLabel id="A20A5787A774EC17FE24FC36FDD68BFF" box="[465,531,913,939]" pageId="1" pageNumber="592" rank="species">sp. n.</taxonomicNameLabel>
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</emphasis>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8BF236EEA774EC17FF62FC13FEC28B99" blockId="1.[151,531,913,973]" box="[151,263,948,973]" pageId="1" pageNumber="592">
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(
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<figureCitation id="13762A6BA774EC17FF6BFC13FF398B99" box="[158,252,948,973]" captionStart="FIGURE 1" captionStartId="2.[151,260,1688,1713]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,791,1643]" captionTargetId="figure@2.[151,1436,791,1644]" captionTargetPageId="2" captionText="FIGURE 1. Galloatherix incompletus gen. n., sp. n. holotype MNHN 40095, wing (scale bar = 0.5 mm)." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/230538/files/figure.png" pageId="1" pageNumber="592">Figure 1</figureCitation>
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)
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C3576565A774EC17FF62FC5BFC2C8C09" pageId="1" pageNumber="592" type="materials_examined">
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<paragraph id="8BF236EEA774EC17FF62FC5BFC2C8C09" blockId="1.[151,1436,1020,2021]" pageId="1" pageNumber="592">
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<emphasis id="B939EAFCA774EC17FF62FC5BFE838C41" bold="true" box="[151,326,1020,1045]" pageId="1" pageNumber="592">
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<typeStatus id="54F6884CA774EC17FF62FC5BFF178C41" box="[151,210,1020,1045]" pageId="1" pageNumber="592">Type</typeStatus>
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material.
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</emphasis>
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<typeStatus id="54F6884CA774EC17FEB8FC5BFE708C41" box="[333,437,1020,1045]" pageId="1" pageNumber="592" type="holotype">Holotype</typeStatus>
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specimen
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<collectionCode id="ED5CAE2BA774EC17FDC5FC5AFDAF8C41" box="[560,618,1021,1045]" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/r82x-h8re" name="Atlantic Reference Centre" pageId="1" pageNumber="592">ARC</collectionCode>
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130, mounted on slide #40095, stored in the palaeobotanical collection,
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<collectionCode id="ED5CAE2BA774EC17FF62FB86FF2A8C6C" LSID="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34988" box="[151,239,1057,1080]" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34988" name="Museum National d'Histoire Naturelle" pageId="1" pageNumber="592">MNHN</collectionCode>
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, Paris. The fossil is included in a triangular piece of amber with dimensions 19.5 × 8.5 ×
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<quantity id="4CB59B0BA774EC17FAF7FB87FA998C6C" box="[1282,1372,1056,1080]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.8" pageId="1" pageNumber="592" unit="mm" value="3.8">3.8 mm</quantity>
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, with syninclusions of five other fossil flies and numerous marine dinoflagellates.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C3576565A774EC17FF32FBCFFBA88CD5" box="[199,1133,1128,1153]" pageId="1" pageNumber="592" type="etymology">
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<paragraph id="8BF236EEA774EC17FF32FBCFFBA88CD5" blockId="1.[151,1436,1020,2021]" box="[199,1133,1128,1153]" pageId="1" pageNumber="592">
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<emphasis id="B939EAFCA774EC17FF32FBCFFE8B8CD5" bold="true" box="[199,334,1128,1153]" pageId="1" pageNumber="592">Etymology.</emphasis>
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Named after the incomplete state of preservation of the
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<typeStatus id="54F6884CA774EC17FC30FBCEFC308CD5" box="[965,1013,1129,1153]" pageId="1" pageNumber="592">type</typeStatus>
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specimen.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C3576565A774EC17FF32FB2BFB3A8C9D" pageId="1" pageNumber="592" type="materials_examined">
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<paragraph id="8BF236EEA774EC17FF32FB2BFB3A8C9D" blockId="1.[151,1436,1020,2021]" pageId="1" pageNumber="592">
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<emphasis id="B939EAFCA774EC17FF32FB2BFE258CF1" bold="true" box="[199,480,1164,1189]" pageId="1" pageNumber="592">
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<typeStatus id="54F6884CA774EC17FF32FB2BFEC78CF1" box="[199,258,1164,1189]" pageId="1" pageNumber="592">Type</typeStatus>
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locality and age.
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</emphasis>
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Font-de-Benon quarry,
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<quantity id="4CB59B0BA774EC17FCF6FB2AFC9C8CF1" box="[771,857,1164,1189]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="8.0" pageId="1" pageNumber="592" unit="km" value="0.8">0.8 km</quantity>
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east of Archingeay, Charente-Maritime,
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<collectingCountry id="F35A767EA774EC17FABCFB2AFA5C8CF0" box="[1353,1433,1165,1188]" name="France" pageId="1" pageNumber="592">France</collectingCountry>
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. Cretaceous, Uppermost Albian–Lowermost Cenomanian (ca. 100 Mya), lithological subunit A1sl-A.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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||
<subSubSection id="C3576565A774EC17FF32FB73FDCD8CB9" box="[199,520,1236,1261]" pageId="1" pageNumber="592" type="diagnosis">
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||
<paragraph id="8BF236EEA774EC17FF32FB73FDCD8CB9" blockId="1.[151,1436,1020,2021]" box="[199,520,1236,1261]" pageId="1" pageNumber="592">
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||
<emphasis id="B939EAFCA774EC17FF32FB73FE848CB9" bold="true" box="[199,321,1236,1261]" pageId="1" pageNumber="592">Diagnosis.</emphasis>
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<collectingCountry id="F35A767EA774EC17FEBDFB72FEA28CB9" box="[328,359,1237,1261]" name="American Samoa" pageId="1" pageNumber="592">As</collectingCountry>
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for the genus.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C3576565A774EC17FF32FB5FFC418D86" pageId="1" pageNumber="592" type="description">
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||
<paragraph id="8BF236EEA774EC17FF32FB5FFC418D86" blockId="1.[151,1436,1020,2021]" pageId="1" pageNumber="592">
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||
<emphasis id="B939EAFCA774EC17FF32FB5FFE9C8D45" bold="true" box="[199,345,1272,1297]" pageId="1" pageNumber="592">Description.</emphasis>
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Wing hyaline, preserved part
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<quantity id="4CB59B0BA774EC17FD5CFB5FFCC88D44" box="[681,781,1272,1296]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.47" pageId="1" pageNumber="592" unit="mm" value="2.47">2.47 mm</quantity>
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||
long,
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||
<quantity id="4CB59B0BA774EC17FCA6FB5FFC738D44" box="[851,950,1272,1296]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.19" pageId="1" pageNumber="592" unit="mm" value="1.19">1.19 mm</quantity>
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wide; apical parts of veins R2+3 and R1 very close; R2+3 weakly curved posteriorly; vein R4 terminated before wing apex, distally straight, not sigmoidal; R4 and R5 rather parallel, not significantly diverging distally; basal cell br comparatively long, with distal end extending as far as level of Sc termination; veins M1, M2 and M3 as long as cell dc, so that cell m2 is quite long, longer than dc; discal cell
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||
<quantity id="4CB59B0BA774EC17FEFBFA34FEB78DFF" box="[270,370,1427,1452]" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.5" pageId="1" pageNumber="592" unit="mm" value="0.55">0.55 mm</quantity>
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long,
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||
<quantity id="4CB59B0BA774EC17FE4DFA34FDD98DFF" box="[440,540,1427,1452]" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.6" pageId="1" pageNumber="592" unit="mm" value="0.16">0.16 mm</quantity>
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wide; cell m3 widely opened at margin; veins M3 and CuA1 weakly convergent; anal cell closed; stigma very dark, well developed beneath vein R1.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C3576565A774EC14FF32FA46FC3A8A83" lastPageId="2" lastPageNumber="593" pageId="1" pageNumber="592" type="discussion">
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||
<paragraph id="8BF236EEA774EC17FF32FA46FCFC8E3C" blockId="1.[151,1436,1020,2021]" pageId="1" pageNumber="592">
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||
<emphasis id="B939EAFCA774EC17FF32FA46FE898DAE" bold="true" box="[199,332,1505,1530]" pageId="1" pageNumber="592">Discussion.</emphasis>
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The vein R2+3 ending very near to R1 (marginal cell closed) is diagnostic and synapomorphic for the
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<taxonomicName id="4C4D4D6DA774EC17FF35F9A0FDDD8E74" authority="Zloty et al. 2005" authorityName="Zloty et al." authorityYear="2005" box="[192,536,1543,1568]" class="Insecta" family="Athericidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="592" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="family">
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Athericidae (
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<bibRefCitation id="EFDC4B1FA774EC17FEA4F9A0FDD48E74" author="Zloty" box="[337,529,1543,1568]" pageId="1" pageNumber="592" refString="Zloty, J., Sinclair, B. J. & Pritchard, G. (2005) Discovered in our backyard: a new genus and species of a new family from the Rocky Mountains of North America (Diptera, Tabanomorpha). Systematic Entomology, 30, 248 - 266. http: // dx. doi. org / 10.1111 / j. 1365 - 3113.2005.00270. x" type="journal article" year="2005">
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||
Zloty
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<emphasis id="B939EAFCA774EC17FE60F9AEFE008E74" box="[405,453,1543,1568]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="592">et al</emphasis>
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||
. 2005
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||
</bibRefCitation>
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||
)
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||
</taxonomicName>
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||
.
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||
<bibRefCitation id="EFDC4B1FA774EC17FDD6F9A0FD278E74" author="Nagatomi" box="[547,738,1543,1568]" pageId="1" pageNumber="592" refString="Nagatomi, A. (1985) Notes on Athericidae (Diptera). Memoirs of Kagoshima University Research Center for the South Pacific, 5, 87 - 106." type="journal article" year="1985">Nagatomi (1985)</bibRefCitation>
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proposed keys to the genera based on body structure and male genitalia and attempted the first phylogenetic tree. We could compare our fossil based only on the limited number of preserved structures pertaining to the wing venation only.
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||
</paragraph>
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||
<paragraph id="8BF236EEA774EC14FF32F9D3FED889C7" blockId="1.[151,1436,1020,2021]" lastBlockId="2.[151,1436,151,728]" lastPageId="2" lastPageNumber="593" pageId="1" pageNumber="592">
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The cell m3 widely open at the margin excludes affinities with the genera
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<taxonomicName id="4C4D4D6DA774EC17FBC1F9D3FAAD8ED9" authority="Stuckenberg, 1966" authorityName="Stuckenberg" authorityYear="1966" box="[1076,1384,1652,1677]" class="Insecta" family="Rhagionidae" genus="Xeritha" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="592" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
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||
<emphasis id="B939EAFCA774EC17FBC1F9D3FB4D8ED9" box="[1076,1160,1652,1677]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="592">Xeritha</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFDC4B1FA774EC17FB66F9D3FAAD8ED9" author="Stuckenberg" box="[1171,1384,1652,1677]" pageId="1" pageNumber="592" refString="Stuckenberg, B. R. (1966) A new genus and species of Rhagionidae from Southern Brazil. Proceedings of the Royal Entomological Society of London, (B), 35 (5 - 6), 57 - 60." type="journal article" year="1966">Stuckenberg, 1966</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
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||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C4D4D6DA774EC17FF62F93DFE358EE7" authority="Stuckenberg, 2000" authorityName="Stuckenberg" authorityYear="2000" box="[151,496,1690,1715]" class="Insecta" family="Athericidae" genus="Suraginella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="592" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B939EAFCA774EC17FF62F93DFEDF8EE7" box="[151,282,1690,1715]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="592">Suraginella</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFDC4B1FA774EC17FED5F93DFE358EE7" author="Stuckenberg" box="[288,496,1690,1715]" pageId="1" pageNumber="592" refString="Stuckenberg, B. R. (2000) A new genus and species of Athericidae (Diptera: Tabanoidea) from Cape York Peninsula. Records of the Australian Museum, 52, 151 - 159. http: // dx. doi. org / 10.3853 / j. 0067 - 1975.52.2000.1312" type="journal article" year="2000">Stuckenberg, 2000</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFDC4B1FA774EC17FE0BF93DFD098EE7" author="Stuckenberg" box="[510,716,1690,1715]" pageId="1" pageNumber="592" refString="Stuckenberg, B. R. (1966) A new genus and species of Rhagionidae from Southern Brazil. Proceedings of the Royal Entomological Society of London, (B), 35 (5 - 6), 57 - 60." type="journal article" year="1966">Stuckenberg 1966</bibRefCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFDC4B1FA774EC17FD22F93CFCD18EE7" author="Stuckenberg" box="[727,788,1691,1715]" pageId="1" pageNumber="592" refString="Stuckenberg, B. R. (2000) A new genus and species of Athericidae (Diptera: Tabanoidea) from Cape York Peninsula. Records of the Australian Museum, 52, 151 - 159. http: // dx. doi. org / 10.3853 / j. 0067 - 1975.52.2000.1312" type="journal article" year="2000">2000</bibRefCitation>
|
||
). In
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C4D4D6DA774EC17FCB1F93CFB838EE7" authority="Walker, 1858" authorityName="Walker" authorityYear="1858" box="[836,1094,1690,1715]" class="Insecta" family="Athericidae" genus="Suragina" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="592" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
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||
<emphasis id="B939EAFCA774EC17FCB1F93CFC6E8EE6" box="[836,939,1691,1714]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="592">Suragina</emphasis>
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||
Walker, 1858
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||
</taxonomicName>
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and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C4D4D6DA774EC17FB8EF93DFAAC8EE7" authority="Rondani, 1856" authorityName="Rondani" authorityYear="1856" box="[1147,1385,1690,1715]" class="Insecta" family="Athericidae" genus="Ibisia" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="592" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B939EAFCA774EC17FB8EF93DFB7E8EE7" box="[1147,1211,1690,1715]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="592">Ibisia</emphasis>
|
||
Rondani, 1856
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, this opened cell is clearly narrowed near the posterior wing margin and the cell m2 is clearly shorter than in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C4D4D6DA774EC17FF62F942FEE38EAA" box="[151,294,1765,1790]" class="Insecta" family="Athericidae" genus="Galloatherix" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="592" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus" status="gen. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="B939EAFCA774EC17FF62F942FEE38EAA" box="[151,294,1765,1790]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="592">Galloatherix</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A20A5787A774EC17FEDBF941FEBE8EA9" box="[302,379,1766,1790]" pageId="1" pageNumber="592" rank="genus">gen. n.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFDC4B1FA774EC17FE7EF942FD988EAA" author="Stuckenberg" box="[395,605,1765,1790]" pageId="1" pageNumber="592" refString="Stuckenberg, B. R. (1973) The Athericidae, a new family in the lower Brachycera (Diptera). Annals of the Natal Museum, 21, 649 - 673." type="journal article" year="1973">Stuckenberg 1973</bibRefCitation>
|
||
). The same difference occurs in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C4D4D6DA774EC17FC24F941FAA48EAA" authority="Yang & Nagatomi 1992" authorityName="Yang & Nagatomi" authorityYear="1992" box="[977,1377,1765,1790]" class="Insecta" family="Athericidae" genus="Asuragina" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="592" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B939EAFCA774EC17FC24F941FB838EA9" box="[977,1094,1766,1789]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="592">Asuragina</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFDC4B1FA774EC17FBBBF941FAA48EAA" author="Yang" box="[1102,1377,1765,1790]" pageId="1" pageNumber="592" refString="Yang, D. & Nagatomi, A. (1992) Asuragina, a new genus of Athericidae (Insecta: Diptera). Proceedings of the Japanese Society of Systematic Zoology, 48, 54 - 62." type="journal article" year="1992">Yang & Nagatomi 1992</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, plus the presence of a sigmoidal R4 (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFDC4B1FA774EC17FDE5F8ADFCE88F76" author="Yang" box="[528,813,1801,1826]" pageId="1" pageNumber="592" refString="Yang, D. & Nagatomi, A. (1992) Asuragina, a new genus of Athericidae (Insecta: Diptera). Proceedings of the Japanese Society of Systematic Zoology, 48, 54 - 62." type="journal article" year="1992">Yang & Nagatomi 1992</bibRefCitation>
|
||
). In
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C4D4D6DA774EC17FC93F8ADFB988F75" authority="Macquart" authorityName="Macquart" box="[870,1117,1802,1825]" class="Insecta" family="Athericidae" genus="Dasyomma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="592" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B939EAFCA774EC17FC93F8ADFC218F75" box="[870,996,1802,1825]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="592">Dasyomma</emphasis>
|
||
Macquart
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, cell m3 is as opened as in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C4D4D6DA774EC17FF62F897FEE38F1D" box="[151,294,1840,1865]" class="Insecta" family="Athericidae" genus="Galloatherix" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="592" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus" status="gen. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="B939EAFCA774EC17FF62F897FEE38F1D" box="[151,294,1840,1865]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="592">Galloatherix</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
but the radial fork arises distal to base of M1 while it is opposite in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C4D4D6DA774EC17FB90F897FB318F1D" box="[1125,1268,1840,1865]" class="Insecta" family="Athericidae" genus="Galloatherix" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="592" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus" status="gen. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="B939EAFCA774EC17FB90F897FB318F1D" box="[1125,1268,1840,1865]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="592">Galloatherix</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
.
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C4D4D6DA774EC17FAF3F897FEAA8F24" authority="Stuckenberg, 1955" authorityName="Stuckenberg" authorityYear="1955" class="Insecta" family="Athericidae" genus="Trichacantha" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="592" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B939EAFCA774EC17FAF3F897FA5E8F1D" box="[1286,1435,1840,1865]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="592">Trichacantha</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFDC4B1FA774EC17FF62F8F0FEAA8F24" author="Stuckenberg" box="[151,367,1879,1904]" pageId="1" pageNumber="592" refString="Stuckenberg, B. R. (1955) New and little-known South African Rhagionidae (Diptera). Journal of the Entomological Society of Southern Africa, 18, 255 - 265." type="journal article" year="1955">Stuckenberg, 1955</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, has an open anal cell, unlike
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C4D4D6DA774EC17FD2CF8F0FCAC8F24" box="[729,873,1879,1904]" class="Insecta" family="Athericidae" genus="Galloatherix" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="592" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus" status="gen. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="B939EAFCA774EC17FD2CF8F0FCAC8F24" box="[729,873,1879,1904]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="592">Galloatherix</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFDC4B1FA774EC17FC8FF8F0FB898F24" author="Stuckenberg" box="[890,1100,1879,1904]" pageId="1" pageNumber="592" refString="Stuckenberg, B. R. (1955) New and little-known South African Rhagionidae (Diptera). Journal of the Entomological Society of Southern Africa, 18, 255 - 265." type="journal article" year="1955">Stuckenberg 1955</bibRefCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFDC4B1FA774EC17FBA9F8F0FB5D8F3B" author="Stuckenberg" box="[1116,1176,1879,1903]" pageId="1" pageNumber="592" refString="Stuckenberg, B. R. (1974) A new genus and two new species of Athericidae (Diptera) in Baltic amber. Annals of the Natal Museum, 22, 275 - 288." type="journal article" year="1974">1974</bibRefCitation>
|
||
). In
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C4D4D6DA774EC17FB24F8F0FF178FC7" authority="Verrall, 1909" authorityName="Verrall" authorityYear="1909" class="Insecta" family="Athericidae" genus="Atrichops" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="592" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B939EAFCA774EC17FB24F8F0FAFB8F24" box="[1233,1342,1879,1904]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="592">Atrichops</emphasis>
|
||
Verrall, 1909
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, the radial fork is distinctly basal to base of M1 (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFDC4B1FA774EC17FD12F8DCFC628FC0" author="Nagatomi" box="[743,935,1915,1940]" pageId="1" pageNumber="592" refString="Nagatomi, A. (1979 a) Notes on the aquatic snipe flies (Diptera: Athericidae). Kontyu, 47, 158 - 175." type="journal article" year="1979" yearSuffix="a">Nagatomi 1979a</bibRefCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFDC4B1FA774EC17FC59F8DCFC7E8FC0" author="Nagatomi" box="[940,955,1915,1940]" pageId="1" pageNumber="592" refString="Nagatomi, A. (1979 b) A revision of the genus Atrichops (Diptera: Athericidae). Kontyu, 47, 281 - 290." type="journal article" year="1979" yearSuffix="b">b</bibRefCitation>
|
||
). In
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C4D4D6DA774EC17FC1EF8DCFB278FC7" authority="Meigen, 1803" authorityName="Meigen" authorityYear="1803" box="[1003,1250,1915,1940]" class="Insecta" family="Athericidae" genus="Atherix" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="592" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B939EAFCA774EC17FC1EF8DCFBFB8FC0" box="[1003,1086,1915,1940]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="592">Atherix</emphasis>
|
||
Meigen, 1803
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C4D4D6DA774EC17FAEEF8DCFEE78FEE" authority="Bezzi, 1926" authorityName="Bezzi" authorityYear="1926" class="Insecta" family="Athericidae" genus="Pachybates" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="592" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B939EAFCA774EC17FAEEF8DCFA598FC0" box="[1307,1436,1915,1940]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="592">Pachybates</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFDC4B1FA774EC17FF62F806FEE78FEE" author="Bezzi" box="[151,290,1953,1978]" pageId="1" pageNumber="592" refString="Bezzi, M. (1926) South African Rhagionidae (Diptera) in the South African Museum. Annals of the South African Museum, 23, 297 - 324." type="journal article" year="1926">Bezzi, 1926</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, cell m2 is also clearly shorter than in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C4D4D6DA774EC17FD14F806FCB48FEE" box="[737,881,1953,1978]" class="Insecta" family="Athericidae" genus="Galloatherix" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="592" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus" status="gen. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="B939EAFCA774EC17FD14F806FCB48FEE" box="[737,881,1953,1978]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="592">Galloatherix</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFDC4B1FA774EC17FC74F805FBEE8FEE" author="Bequaert" box="[897,1067,1954,1978]" pageId="1" pageNumber="592" refString="Bequaert, J. (1921) Atherix braunsi nov. sp., a South African leptid with gregarious habits (Diptera). Psyche, 28, 1 - 7. http: // dx. doi. org / 10.1155 / 1921 / 95269" type="journal article" year="1921">Bequaert 1921</bibRefCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFDC4B1FA774EC17FBCFF806FB7A8FEE" author="Bezzi" box="[1082,1215,1953,1978]" pageId="1" pageNumber="592" refString="Bezzi, M. (1926) South African Rhagionidae (Diptera) in the South African Museum. Annals of the South African Museum, 23, 297 - 324." type="journal article" year="1926">Bezzi 1926</bibRefCitation>
|
||
). The Baltic amber
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C4D4D6DA774EC17FF62F86FFDD58FB5" authority="Stuckenberg, 1974" authorityName="Stuckenberg" authorityYear="1974" box="[151,528,1992,2017]" class="Insecta" family="Athericidae" genus="Succinatherix" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="592" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B939EAFCA774EC17FF62F86FFEF48FB5" box="[151,305,1992,2017]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="592">Succinatherix</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFDC4B1FA774EC17FECEF86FFDD58FB5" author="Stuckenberg" box="[315,528,1992,2017]" pageId="1" pageNumber="592" refString="Stuckenberg, B. R. (1974) A new genus and two new species of Athericidae (Diptera) in Baltic amber. Annals of the Natal Museum, 22, 275 - 288." type="journal article" year="1974">Stuckenberg, 1974</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
differs from
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C4D4D6DA774EC17FD5BF86FFCFB8FB5" box="[686,830,1992,2017]" class="Insecta" family="Athericidae" genus="Galloatherix" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="592" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus" status="gen. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="B939EAFCA774EC17FD5BF86FFCFB8FB5" box="[686,830,1992,2017]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="592">Galloatherix</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
in the length of M3 ranging from 42 to 72% of the length of the discal cell, while they are of nearly of the same length in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C4D4D6DA777EC14FC59FF30FAE788E4" authority="(Stuckenberg 1974)" baseAuthorityName="Stuckenberg" baseAuthorityYear="1974" box="[940,1314,151,176]" class="Insecta" family="Athericidae" genus="Galloatherix" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="592" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus" status="gen. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="B939EAFCA777EC14FC59FF30FBFE88E4" box="[940,1083,151,176]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="593">Galloatherix</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFDC4B1FA777EC14FBBFFF30FADC88E4" author="Stuckenberg" box="[1098,1305,151,176]" pageId="2" pageNumber="593" refString="Stuckenberg, B. R. (1974) A new genus and two new species of Athericidae (Diptera) in Baltic amber. Annals of the Natal Museum, 22, 275 - 288." type="journal article" year="1974">Stuckenberg 1974</bibRefCitation>
|
||
)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. The Early Cretaceous genus
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C4D4D6DA777EC14FE96FF1BFD248880" authority="Mostovski et al., 2003" authorityName="Mostovski et al." authorityYear="2003" box="[355,737,188,213]" class="Insecta" family="Athericidae" genus="Athericites" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="593" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B939EAFCA777EC14FE96FF1BFE198881" box="[355,476,188,213]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="593">Athericites</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFDC4B1FA777EC14FE11FF1BFD248880" author="Mostovski" box="[484,737,188,213]" pageId="2" pageNumber="593" refString="Mostovski, M. B., Jarzembowski, E. A. & Coram, R. (2003) Horseflies and athericids (Diptera: Tabanidae, Athericidae) from the Lower Cretaceous of England and Transbaikalia. Paleontological Journal, 37, 162 - 169." type="journal article" year="2003">
|
||
Mostovski
|
||
<emphasis id="B939EAFCA777EC14FD97FF1AFD578881" box="[610,658,188,213]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="593">et al</emphasis>
|
||
., 2003
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
has also a longer discal cell than
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C4D4D6DA777EC14FBA9FF1BFB2E8881" box="[1116,1259,188,213]" class="Insecta" family="Athericidae" genus="Galloatherix" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="592" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus" status="gen. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="B939EAFCA777EC14FBA9FF1BFB2E8881" box="[1116,1259,188,213]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="593">Galloatherix</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, plus vein R4 is more sigmoidal than in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C4D4D6DA777EC14FE5DFF45FDF288AF" box="[424,567,226,251]" class="Insecta" family="Athericidae" genus="Galloatherix" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="592" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus" status="gen. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="B939EAFCA777EC14FE5DFF45FDF288AF" box="[424,567,226,251]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="593">Galloatherix</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFDC4B1FA777EC14FDB2FF45FC8288AF" author="Mostovski" box="[583,839,226,251]" pageId="2" pageNumber="593" refString="Mostovski, M. B., Jarzembowski, E. A. & Coram, R. (2003) Horseflies and athericids (Diptera: Tabanidae, Athericidae) from the Lower Cretaceous of England and Transbaikalia. Paleontological Journal, 37, 162 - 169." type="journal article" year="2003">
|
||
Mostovski
|
||
<emphasis id="B939EAFCA777EC14FD3DFF43FD3F88AF" box="[712,762,226,251]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="593">et al</emphasis>
|
||
. 2003
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
). The Early Cretaceous genus
|
||
<emphasis id="B939EAFCA777EC14FB51FF44FA8088AE" box="[1188,1349,227,250]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="593">Sinocretomyia</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFDC4B1FA777EC14FAB8FF45FF0A894B" author="Zhang" pageId="2" pageNumber="593" refString="Zhang, J. - F. (2012) New horseflies and water snipe-flies (Diptera: Tabanidae and Athericidae) from the Lower Cretaceous of China. Cretaceous Research, 36, 1 - 5. http: // dx. doi. org / 10.1016 / j. cretres. 2012.01.004" type="journal article" year="2012">Zhang, 2012</bibRefCitation>
|
||
shares with
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C4D4D6DA777EC14FE97FEA1FE37894B" box="[354,498,262,287]" class="Insecta" family="Athericidae" genus="Galloatherix" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="592" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus" status="gen. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="B939EAFCA777EC14FE97FEA1FE37894B" box="[354,498,262,287]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="593">Galloatherix</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
a discal cell of nearly the same length as M3, but they differ in the presence of a strongly sigmoidal R2+
|
||
<quantity id="4CB59B0BA777EC14FE6EFE9BFE018912" box="[411,452,301,330]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="7.62" pageId="2" pageNumber="593" unit="in" value="3.0">3 in</quantity>
|
||
the former genus (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFDC4B1FA777EC14FD5CFE8AFCFF8912" author="Zhang" box="[681,826,301,326]" pageId="2" pageNumber="593" refString="Zhang, J. - F. (2012) New horseflies and water snipe-flies (Diptera: Tabanidae and Athericidae) from the Lower Cretaceous of China. Cretaceous Research, 36, 1 - 5. http: // dx. doi. org / 10.1016 / j. cretres. 2012.01.004" type="journal article" year="2012">Zhang 2012</bibRefCitation>
|
||
). The Cretaceous genus
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C4D4D6DA777EC14FBA9FE8AFA5D8912" authority="Ren, 1998" authorityName="Ren" authorityYear="1998" box="[1116,1432,301,326]" class="Insecta" family="Tabanidae" genus="Palaepangonius" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="593" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B939EAFCA777EC14FBA9FE8AFAD78912" box="[1116,1298,301,326]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="593">Palaepangonius</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFDC4B1FA777EC14FAE8FE89FA5D8912" author="Ren" box="[1309,1432,302,326]" pageId="2" pageNumber="593" refString="Ren D. (1998) Late Jurassic Brachycera from Northeastern China (Insecta: Diptera). Acta Zootaxonomica Sinica, 23, 65 - 82." type="journal article" year="1998">Ren, 1998</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, originally in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C4D4D6DA777EC14FED3FEF3FE598939" box="[294,412,340,365]" class="Insecta" family="Tabanidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="593" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="family">Tabanidae</taxonomicName>
|
||
, but transferred to
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C4D4D6DA777EC14FD99FEF3FD2A8939" box="[620,751,340,365]" class="Insecta" family="Athericidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="593" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="family">Athericidae</taxonomicName>
|
||
by
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFDC4B1FA777EC14FCE2FEF3FC768939" author="Zhang" box="[791,947,340,365]" pageId="2" pageNumber="593" refString="Zhang, J. - F. (2012) New horseflies and water snipe-flies (Diptera: Tabanidae and Athericidae) from the Lower Cretaceous of China. Cretaceous Research, 36, 1 - 5. http: // dx. doi. org / 10.1016 / j. cretres. 2012.01.004" type="journal article" year="2012">Zhang (2012)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
, has the discal cell distinctly longer than M3 (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFDC4B1FA777EC14FF6BFEDCFED589C7" author="Ren" box="[158,272,379,403]" pageId="2" pageNumber="593" refString="Ren D. (1998) Late Jurassic Brachycera from Northeastern China (Insecta: Diptera). Acta Zootaxonomica Sinica, 23, 65 - 82." type="journal article" year="1998">Ren 1998</bibRefCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BF236EEA777EC14FF32FE38FC3A8A83" blockId="2.[151,1436,151,728]" pageId="2" pageNumber="593">
|
||
Modern athericid larvae are aquatic in lotic habitat, living in freshwater and feeding on larvae of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C4D4D6DA777EC14FF62FE64FEFF8988" box="[151,314,451,476]" class="Insecta" family="Chironomidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="593" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="family">Chironomidae</taxonomicName>
|
||
, while the adults are flying among the vegetation bordering streams. The presence of an athericid in a piece of Charentese amber, together with several
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C4D4D6DA777EC14FD20FE40FCB18A54" box="[725,884,487,512]" class="Insecta" family="Empididae" genus="Microphorites" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="593" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B939EAFCA777EC14FD20FE40FCB18A54" box="[725,884,487,512]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="593">Microphorites</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
—flies living as adult in wet sandy environments (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFDC4B1FA777EC14FF6BFDACFE8F8A77" author="Nel" box="[158,330,523,548]" pageId="2" pageNumber="593" refString="Nel, A., Perrichot, V., Daugeron, C. & Neraudeau, D. (2004) A new Microphorites in the Lower Cretaceous amber of the Southwest of France (Insecta: Diptera: Dolichopodidae: ' Microphorinae'). Annales de la Societe Entomologique de France, (N. S.) 40, 23 - 29. http: // dx. doi. org / 10.1080 / 00379271.2004.10697401" type="journal article" year="2004">
|
||
Nel
|
||
<emphasis id="B939EAFCA777EC14FF3AFDABFEC48A70" box="[207,257,523,548]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="593">et al</emphasis>
|
||
. 2004
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
), and dinoflagellates adapted to transitional marine–freshwater environments (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFDC4B1FA777EC14FB4DFDACFA4A8A77" author="Masure" box="[1208,1423,523,548]" pageId="2" pageNumber="593" refString="Masure, E., Dejax, J. & De Ploeg, G. (2013) Blowin' in the wind … 100 Ma old multi-staged dinoflagellate with sexual fusion trapped in amber: marine-freshwater transition. Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology, 388, 128 - 144. http: // dx. doi. org / 10.1016 / j. palaeo. 2013.08.008" type="journal article" year="2013">
|
||
Masure
|
||
<emphasis id="B939EAFCA777EC14FAE0FDABFA808A70" box="[1301,1349,523,548]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="593">et al</emphasis>
|
||
. 2013
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
), supports the model of a coastal amber forest growing in a mosaic of brackish (estuary or mangrove) and freshwater (ponds) ecosystems with marine inputs (Perrichot
|
||
<emphasis id="B939EAFCA777EC14FD38FDF3FD3B8A38" box="[717,766,595,620]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="593">et al</emphasis>
|
||
. 2010, Perrichot & Girard 2009, Girard
|
||
<emphasis id="B939EAFCA777EC14FB33FDF3FB3D8A38" box="[1222,1272,595,620]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="593">et al</emphasis>
|
||
. 2009). It also adds to the diverse assemblage of aquatic and riparian organisms already identified in the paleobiota from Charentese amber,
|
||
<emphasis id="B939EAFCA777EC14FE99FD3BFE508AE7" box="[364,405,668,691]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="593">e.g.</emphasis>
|
||
gerromorph and schizopterid bugs, tanaids, marine diatoms, testate amoebae, etc. (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFDC4B1FA777EC14FAC6FD3CFED48A8C" author="Perrichot" pageId="2" pageNumber="593" refString="Perrichot, V., Nel, A. & Neraudeau, D. (2005) Gerromorphan bugs in Early Cretaceous French amber (Insecta: Heteroptera): first representatives of Gerridae and their phylogenetic and palaeoecological implications. Cretaceous Research, 26, 793 - 800. http: // dx. doi. org / 10.1016 / j. cretres. 2005.05.003" type="journal article" year="2005">
|
||
Perrichot
|
||
<emphasis id="B939EAFCA777EC14FF62FD67FF0D8A8C" box="[151,200,703,728]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="593">et al</emphasis>
|
||
. 2005
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFDC4B1FA777EC14FEE9FD18FE928A83" author="Perrichot" box="[284,343,703,727]" pageId="2" pageNumber="593" refString="Perrichot, V., Nel, A. & Neraudeau, D. (2007) Schizopterid bugs (Insecta: Heteroptera) in mid-Cretaceous ambers from France and Myanmar (Burma). Palaeontology, 50, 1367 - 1374. http: // dx. doi. org / 10.1111 / j. 1475 - 4983.2007.00721. x" type="journal article" year="2007">2007</bibRefCitation>
|
||
, 2010,
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFDC4B1FA777EC14FE5DFD18FDB48A83" author="Girard" box="[424,625,703,728]" pageId="2" pageNumber="593" refString="Girard, V., Schmidt, A. R., Saint Martin, S., Struwe, S., Perrichot, V., Saint Martin, J. - P., Breton, G. & Neraudeau, D. (2008) Evidence for marine microfossils from amber. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the USA, 105, 17426 - 17429. http: // dx. doi. org / 10.1073 / pnas. 0804980105" type="journal article" year="2008">
|
||
Girard
|
||
<emphasis id="B939EAFCA777EC14FE0DFD67FDEC8A8C" box="[504,553,703,728]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="593">et al</emphasis>
|
||
. 2008
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFDC4B1FA777EC14FD89FD18FC9E8A83" author="Schmidt" box="[636,859,703,728]" pageId="2" pageNumber="593" refString="Schmidt, A. R., Girard, V., Perrichot, V. & Schonborn, W. (2010) Testate amoebae from a Cretaceous forest floor microbiocoenosis of France. Journal of Eukaryotic Microbiology, 57, 245 - 248. http: // dx. doi. org / 10.1111 / j. 1550 - 7408.2010.00471. x" type="journal article" year="2010">
|
||
Schmidt
|
||
<emphasis id="B939EAFCA777EC14FD14FD67FCD48A8C" box="[737,785,703,728]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="593">et al</emphasis>
|
||
. 2010
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFDC4B1FA777EC14FC93FD18FC368A83" author="Girard" box="[870,1011,703,728]" pageId="2" pageNumber="593" refString="Girard, V. (2012) Fossil amoebae (Hemiarcherellidae fam. nov.) from Albian (Cretaceous) amber of France. Palaeontology, 55, 653 - 659. http: // dx. doi. org / 10.1111 / j. 1475 - 4983.2012.01147. x" type="journal article" year="2012">Girard 2012</bibRefCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |