190 lines
44 KiB
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190 lines
44 KiB
XML
<document id="8BB0F521BFB13FF6BC8B73B7C940400F" ID-CLB-Dataset="7643" ID-DOI="10.1206/906.1" ID-GBIF-Dataset="15ad630f-eff2-451d-a5f8-22731ff53851" ID-ISSN="0003-0090" ID-Zenodo-Dep="4612269" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.tables_requiresApprovalFor="existingObjects,plazi" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1615992761985" checkinUser="felipe" docAuthor="Lipke, Elisabeth & Michalik, Peter" docDate="2015" docId="03E487E0303921442EDDA26C62887FB6" docLanguage="en" docName="BulAmeMusNatHis.2015.396.1-72.pdf" docOrigin="Bulletin of the American Museum of Natural History 2015 (396)" docSource="http://www.bioone.org/doi/10.1206/906.1" docStyle="DocumentStyle:C5E2DA72A22EF33813C92A197453A310.5:BulAmeMusNatHis.2011-.journal_article.0cover" docStyleId="C5E2DA72A22EF33813C92A197453A310" docStyleName="BulAmeMusNatHis.2011-.journal_article.0cover" docStyleVersion="5" docTitle="Niarchos scutatus Platnick" docType="treatment" docVersion="7" lastPageNumber="36" masterDocId="FFDDFF98301921612E5DA448625E7969" masterDocTitle="Evolutionary Morphology Of The Primary Male Reproductive System And Spermatozoa Of Goblin Spiders (Oonopidae; Araneae)" masterLastPageNumber="72" masterPageNumber="1" pageNumber="33" updateTime="1698933598634" updateUser="ExternalLinkService" zenodo-license-document="CC-BY-4.0">
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<mods:title id="A1F6AB75AB7F15CF0CAE043B1EAB2F71">Evolutionary Morphology Of The Primary Male Reproductive System And Spermatozoa Of Goblin Spiders (Oonopidae; Araneae)</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="D364B214983C08614F276B9E09D0DB32">Lipke, Elisabeth</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="8532BCE75740CAE0E2002DF11B89A8A4">Michalik, Peter</mods:namePart>
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<treatment id="03E487E0303921442EDDA26C62887FB6" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4628189" ID-GBIF-Taxon="180663269" ID-Zenodo-Dep="4628189" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03E487E0303921442EDDA26C62887FB6" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/03E487E0303921442EDDA26C62887FB6" lastPageId="37" lastPageNumber="36" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">
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<subSubSection id="C357657D303921412EDDA26C61037C2B" pageId="32" pageNumber="33" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="8BF236F6303921412EDDA26C60D07F53" blockId="32.[128,654,1572,1595]" box="[128,654,1572,1595]" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">
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<heading id="D0BA819A303921412EDDA26C60D07F53" box="[128,654,1572,1595]" centered="true" fontSize="9" level="2" pageId="32" pageNumber="33" reason="6">
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<taxonomicName id="4C4D4D75303921412EDDA26C63F17F52" ID-CoL="47C94" authority="Platnick" authorityName="Platnick" box="[128,431,1572,1595]" class="Arachnida" family="Oonopidae" genus="Niarchos" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="32" pageNumber="33" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="scutatus">
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<emphasis id="B939EAE4303921412EDDA26C63167F52" box="[128,328,1572,1595]" italics="true" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">Niarchos scutatus</emphasis>
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Platnick
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</taxonomicName>
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and Dupérre´, 2010
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8BF236F6303921412EC1A21961037C2B" blockId="32.[128,654,1617,1759]" lastBlockId="32.[701,1228,1206,1759]" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">
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SPERM TRANSFER FORM (
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<figureCitation id="13762A73303921412FBAA21960637F00" box="[487,573,1617,1641]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="26.[150,188,1391,1410]" captionTargetBox="[128,1230,208,1369]" captionTargetId="figure-0@26.[128,1230,208,1369]" captionTargetPageId="26" captionText="Fig. 21. Characteristics of spermiogenesis and mature spermatozoa of Niarchos scutatus. A: Early spermatids already fused entirely, thus all developing spermatids are surrounded by a common membrane. B: The posterior portion of the elongating AV is sunken into the anterior pole of the nucleus in early spermatids. C: Both centrioles (proximal and distal centriole) arrange in tandem position and migrate toward the posterior pole and thus induce the formation if the very small IF that comprises only the two centrioles (magnification in inset). D: The elongated NC is located in the periphery and usually bent toward the nucleus. E: The chromatin condenses irregularly and with distinct electron-lucent portions opposed to the portion in which the NC is running. F: At the end of spermiogenesis the four spermatids arrange closely attached to each other in the middle of the large sperm conjugate. The Ax of each spermatid coils within the cell membrane and a small, electron-dense VA that surrounds the main sperm cell components secondarily is formed." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4612338" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4612338/files/figure.png" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">fig. 21</figureCitation>
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): Synspermia comprising four sperm. Information on sperm transfer forms and sperm characteristics refer to sperm obtained from the testis. Within the lumen of the testis large sperm conjugates are visible. Sperm are located in the center of the sperm conjugation, surrounded by an electron-dense vesicular area (
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<figureCitation id="13762A73303921412D2CA14661917C4D" box="[881,975,1294,1316]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="26.[150,188,1391,1410]" captionTargetBox="[128,1230,208,1369]" captionTargetId="figure-0@26.[128,1230,208,1369]" captionTargetPageId="26" captionText="Fig. 21. Characteristics of spermiogenesis and mature spermatozoa of Niarchos scutatus. A: Early spermatids already fused entirely, thus all developing spermatids are surrounded by a common membrane. B: The posterior portion of the elongating AV is sunken into the anterior pole of the nucleus in early spermatids. C: Both centrioles (proximal and distal centriole) arrange in tandem position and migrate toward the posterior pole and thus induce the formation if the very small IF that comprises only the two centrioles (magnification in inset). D: The elongated NC is located in the periphery and usually bent toward the nucleus. E: The chromatin condenses irregularly and with distinct electron-lucent portions opposed to the portion in which the NC is running. F: At the end of spermiogenesis the four spermatids arrange closely attached to each other in the middle of the large sperm conjugate. The Ax of each spermatid coils within the cell membrane and a small, electron-dense VA that surrounds the main sperm cell components secondarily is formed." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4612338" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4612338/files/figure.png" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">fig. 21F</figureCitation>
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) and large quantities of cytoplasm.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C357657D303921442C87A10062887FB6" lastPageId="37" lastPageNumber="38" pageId="32" pageNumber="33" type="description">
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<paragraph id="8BF236F6303921432C87A100601F7FB6" blockId="32.[701,1228,1206,1759]" lastBlockId="34.[128,654,1649,1759]" lastPageId="34" lastPageNumber="35" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">
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SPERMATOZOA (
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<figureCitation id="13762A73303921412DC0A10061AF7C09" box="[925,1009,1352,1376]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="26.[150,188,1391,1410]" captionTargetBox="[128,1230,208,1369]" captionTargetId="figure-0@26.[128,1230,208,1369]" captionTargetPageId="26" captionText="Fig. 21. Characteristics of spermiogenesis and mature spermatozoa of Niarchos scutatus. A: Early spermatids already fused entirely, thus all developing spermatids are surrounded by a common membrane. B: The posterior portion of the elongating AV is sunken into the anterior pole of the nucleus in early spermatids. C: Both centrioles (proximal and distal centriole) arrange in tandem position and migrate toward the posterior pole and thus induce the formation if the very small IF that comprises only the two centrioles (magnification in inset). D: The elongated NC is located in the periphery and usually bent toward the nucleus. E: The chromatin condenses irregularly and with distinct electron-lucent portions opposed to the portion in which the NC is running. F: At the end of spermiogenesis the four spermatids arrange closely attached to each other in the middle of the large sperm conjugate. The Ax of each spermatid coils within the cell membrane and a small, electron-dense VA that surrounds the main sperm cell components secondarily is formed." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4612338" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4612338/files/figure.png" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">fig. 21</figureCitation>
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): For the identification of sperm characters, only material from the testis was available, thus the following sperm characters refer to spermatogenic stages.
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<emphasis id="B939EAE4303921412D0AA18866617CBC" bold="true" box="[855,1087,1472,1493]" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">Acrosomal complex:</emphasis>
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AV conical (
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<figureCitation id="13762A73303921412C98A195617B7C9A" box="[709,805,1501,1523]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="26.[150,188,1391,1410]" captionTargetBox="[128,1230,208,1369]" captionTargetId="figure-0@26.[128,1230,208,1369]" captionTargetPageId="26" captionText="Fig. 21. Characteristics of spermiogenesis and mature spermatozoa of Niarchos scutatus. A: Early spermatids already fused entirely, thus all developing spermatids are surrounded by a common membrane. B: The posterior portion of the elongating AV is sunken into the anterior pole of the nucleus in early spermatids. C: Both centrioles (proximal and distal centriole) arrange in tandem position and migrate toward the posterior pole and thus induce the formation if the very small IF that comprises only the two centrioles (magnification in inset). D: The elongated NC is located in the periphery and usually bent toward the nucleus. E: The chromatin condenses irregularly and with distinct electron-lucent portions opposed to the portion in which the NC is running. F: At the end of spermiogenesis the four spermatids arrange closely attached to each other in the middle of the large sperm conjugate. The Ax of each spermatid coils within the cell membrane and a small, electron-dense VA that surrounds the main sperm cell components secondarily is formed." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4612338" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4612338/files/figure.png" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">fig. 21B</figureCitation>
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), widened proximally, but narrow subacrosomal space for the most part (
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<figureCitation id="13762A73303921412ADCA1B3608C7F47" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="26.[150,188,1391,1410]" captionTargetBox="[128,1230,208,1369]" captionTargetId="figure-0@26.[128,1230,208,1369]" captionTargetPageId="26" captionText="Fig. 21. Characteristics of spermiogenesis and mature spermatozoa of Niarchos scutatus. A: Early spermatids already fused entirely, thus all developing spermatids are surrounded by a common membrane. B: The posterior portion of the elongating AV is sunken into the anterior pole of the nucleus in early spermatids. C: Both centrioles (proximal and distal centriole) arrange in tandem position and migrate toward the posterior pole and thus induce the formation if the very small IF that comprises only the two centrioles (magnification in inset). D: The elongated NC is located in the periphery and usually bent toward the nucleus. E: The chromatin condenses irregularly and with distinct electron-lucent portions opposed to the portion in which the NC is running. F: At the end of spermiogenesis the four spermatids arrange closely attached to each other in the middle of the large sperm conjugate. The Ax of each spermatid coils within the cell membrane and a small, electron-dense VA that surrounds the main sperm cell components secondarily is formed." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4612338" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4612338/files/figure.png" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">fig. 21 B</figureCitation>
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). AF originates from the subacrosomal space and extends into the nuclear canal (
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<figureCitation id="13762A73303921412C98A21B610D7F00" box="[709,851,1619,1641]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="26.[150,188,1391,1410]" captionTargetBox="[128,1230,208,1369]" captionTargetId="figure-0@26.[128,1230,208,1369]" captionTargetPageId="26" captionText="Fig. 21. Characteristics of spermiogenesis and mature spermatozoa of Niarchos scutatus. A: Early spermatids already fused entirely, thus all developing spermatids are surrounded by a common membrane. B: The posterior portion of the elongating AV is sunken into the anterior pole of the nucleus in early spermatids. C: Both centrioles (proximal and distal centriole) arrange in tandem position and migrate toward the posterior pole and thus induce the formation if the very small IF that comprises only the two centrioles (magnification in inset). D: The elongated NC is located in the periphery and usually bent toward the nucleus. E: The chromatin condenses irregularly and with distinct electron-lucent portions opposed to the portion in which the NC is running. F: At the end of spermiogenesis the four spermatids arrange closely attached to each other in the middle of the large sperm conjugate. The Ax of each spermatid coils within the cell membrane and a small, electron-dense VA that surrounds the main sperm cell components secondarily is formed." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4612338" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4612338/files/figure.png" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">fig. 21C, D</figureCitation>
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), ends before the base of the axoneme.
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<emphasis id="B939EAE4303921412D6BA23961C97FEF" bold="true" box="[822,919,1649,1670]" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">Nucleus:</emphasis>
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prcN compact with small implantation fossa that comprises only the two centrioles (
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<figureCitation id="13762A73303921412D21A2E461BE7FAB" box="[892,992,1708,1730]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="26.[150,188,1391,1410]" captionTargetBox="[128,1230,208,1369]" captionTargetId="figure-0@26.[128,1230,208,1369]" captionTargetPageId="26" captionText="Fig. 21. Characteristics of spermiogenesis and mature spermatozoa of Niarchos scutatus. A: Early spermatids already fused entirely, thus all developing spermatids are surrounded by a common membrane. B: The posterior portion of the elongating AV is sunken into the anterior pole of the nucleus in early spermatids. C: Both centrioles (proximal and distal centriole) arrange in tandem position and migrate toward the posterior pole and thus induce the formation if the very small IF that comprises only the two centrioles (magnification in inset). D: The elongated NC is located in the periphery and usually bent toward the nucleus. E: The chromatin condenses irregularly and with distinct electron-lucent portions opposed to the portion in which the NC is running. F: At the end of spermiogenesis the four spermatids arrange closely attached to each other in the middle of the large sperm conjugate. The Ax of each spermatid coils within the cell membrane and a small, electron-dense VA that surrounds the main sperm cell components secondarily is formed." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4612338" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4612338/files/figure.png" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">fig. 21D</figureCitation>
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). peN not identifiable. NC located in the periphery of the nucleus (
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<figureCitation id="13762A73303B21432EBEA239631D7FEE" box="[227,323,1649,1671]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="26.[150,188,1391,1410]" captionTargetBox="[128,1230,208,1369]" captionTargetId="figure-0@26.[128,1230,208,1369]" captionTargetPageId="26" captionText="Fig. 21. Characteristics of spermiogenesis and mature spermatozoa of Niarchos scutatus. A: Early spermatids already fused entirely, thus all developing spermatids are surrounded by a common membrane. B: The posterior portion of the elongating AV is sunken into the anterior pole of the nucleus in early spermatids. C: Both centrioles (proximal and distal centriole) arrange in tandem position and migrate toward the posterior pole and thus induce the formation if the very small IF that comprises only the two centrioles (magnification in inset). D: The elongated NC is located in the periphery and usually bent toward the nucleus. E: The chromatin condenses irregularly and with distinct electron-lucent portions opposed to the portion in which the NC is running. F: At the end of spermiogenesis the four spermatids arrange closely attached to each other in the middle of the large sperm conjugate. The Ax of each spermatid coils within the cell membrane and a small, electron-dense VA that surrounds the main sperm cell components secondarily is formed." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4612338" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4612338/files/figure.png" pageId="34" pageNumber="35">fig. 21C</figureCitation>
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), elongated and bend toward the nucleus (
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<figureCitation id="13762A73303B21432F52A2C663CF7FCD" box="[271,401,1678,1700]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="26.[150,188,1391,1410]" captionTargetBox="[128,1230,208,1369]" captionTargetId="figure-0@26.[128,1230,208,1369]" captionTargetPageId="26" captionText="Fig. 21. Characteristics of spermiogenesis and mature spermatozoa of Niarchos scutatus. A: Early spermatids already fused entirely, thus all developing spermatids are surrounded by a common membrane. B: The posterior portion of the elongating AV is sunken into the anterior pole of the nucleus in early spermatids. C: Both centrioles (proximal and distal centriole) arrange in tandem position and migrate toward the posterior pole and thus induce the formation if the very small IF that comprises only the two centrioles (magnification in inset). D: The elongated NC is located in the periphery and usually bent toward the nucleus. E: The chromatin condenses irregularly and with distinct electron-lucent portions opposed to the portion in which the NC is running. F: At the end of spermiogenesis the four spermatids arrange closely attached to each other in the middle of the large sperm conjugate. The Ax of each spermatid coils within the cell membrane and a small, electron-dense VA that surrounds the main sperm cell components secondarily is formed." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4612338" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4612338/files/figure.png" pageId="34" pageNumber="35">fig. 21D, F</figureCitation>
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).
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<emphasis id="B939EAE4303B21432FFBA2C660477FCA" bold="true" box="[422,537,1678,1699]" pageId="34" pageNumber="35">Axoneme:</emphasis>
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centrioles are arranged in tandem position (
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<figureCitation id="13762A73303B21432C41A2E460DE7FAB" box="[540,640,1708,1730]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="26.[150,188,1391,1410]" captionTargetBox="[128,1230,208,1369]" captionTargetId="figure-0@26.[128,1230,208,1369]" captionTargetPageId="26" captionText="Fig. 21. Characteristics of spermiogenesis and mature spermatozoa of Niarchos scutatus. A: Early spermatids already fused entirely, thus all developing spermatids are surrounded by a common membrane. B: The posterior portion of the elongating AV is sunken into the anterior pole of the nucleus in early spermatids. C: Both centrioles (proximal and distal centriole) arrange in tandem position and migrate toward the posterior pole and thus induce the formation if the very small IF that comprises only the two centrioles (magnification in inset). D: The elongated NC is located in the periphery and usually bent toward the nucleus. E: The chromatin condenses irregularly and with distinct electron-lucent portions opposed to the portion in which the NC is running. F: At the end of spermiogenesis the four spermatids arrange closely attached to each other in the middle of the large sperm conjugate. The Ax of each spermatid coils within the cell membrane and a small, electron-dense VA that surrounds the main sperm cell components secondarily is formed." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4612338" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4612338/files/figure.png" pageId="34" pageNumber="35">fig. 21D</figureCitation>
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), 9+3 microtubular pattern (
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<figureCitation id="13762A73303B21432FEEA281606D7FB6" box="[435,563,1737,1759]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="26.[150,188,1391,1410]" captionTargetBox="[128,1230,208,1369]" captionTargetId="figure-0@26.[128,1230,208,1369]" captionTargetPageId="26" captionText="Fig. 21. Characteristics of spermiogenesis and mature spermatozoa of Niarchos scutatus. A: Early spermatids already fused entirely, thus all developing spermatids are surrounded by a common membrane. B: The posterior portion of the elongating AV is sunken into the anterior pole of the nucleus in early spermatids. C: Both centrioles (proximal and distal centriole) arrange in tandem position and migrate toward the posterior pole and thus induce the formation if the very small IF that comprises only the two centrioles (magnification in inset). D: The elongated NC is located in the periphery and usually bent toward the nucleus. E: The chromatin condenses irregularly and with distinct electron-lucent portions opposed to the portion in which the NC is running. F: At the end of spermiogenesis the four spermatids arrange closely attached to each other in the middle of the large sperm conjugate. The Ax of each spermatid coils within the cell membrane and a small, electron-dense VA that surrounds the main sperm cell components secondarily is formed." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4612338" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4612338/files/figure.png" pageId="34" pageNumber="35">fig. 21E, F</figureCitation>
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).
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</paragraph>
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|
||
<paragraph id="8BF236F6303821402E29A1CF636C7FCD" blockId="33.[93,1193,1415,1700]" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">
|
||
Fig. 28. Characteristics of spermiogenesis of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C4D4D75303821402C3FA1CF608E7CF2" box="[610,720,1415,1435]" class="Arachnida" family="Oonopidae" genus="Orchestina" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="33" pageNumber="34" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B939EAE4303821402C3FA1CF608E7CF2" box="[610,720,1415,1435]" italics="true" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">Orchestina</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
sp. 1 (Chile).
|
||
<emphasis id="B939EAE4303821402D36A1CF61237CF3" bold="true" box="[875,893,1415,1434]" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">A</emphasis>
|
||
: At the anterior pole of the nucleus a small AV is formed, which is separated from the nucleus by a distinct, electron-dense plate. The AF originates from the subacrosomal space (inset).
|
||
<emphasis id="B939EAE4303821402C21A1F560D27CB9" bold="true" box="[636,652,1469,1488]" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">B</emphasis>
|
||
: The chromatin starts condensation around the IF, which extends nearly as far as the anterior pole of the nucleus.
|
||
<emphasis id="B939EAE4303821402D4CA19F617D7C83" bold="true" box="[785,803,1495,1514]" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">C</emphasis>
|
||
: The deep IF that contains the two centrioles is stabilized with microfilaments.
|
||
<emphasis id="B939EAE4303821402C64A1BA60127F6C" bold="true" box="[569,588,1522,1541]" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">D</emphasis>
|
||
: These microfilaments are arranged in parallel.
|
||
<emphasis id="B939EAE4303821402A03A1BA66307F6C" bold="true" box="[1118,1134,1522,1541]" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">E</emphasis>
|
||
: The axoneme originates from the distal centriole, a peN is not developed.
|
||
<emphasis id="B939EAE4303821402D04A24461367F76" bold="true" box="[857,872,1548,1567]" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">F</emphasis>
|
||
: In late spermatids a distinct centriolar adjunct is present in the IF.
|
||
<emphasis id="B939EAE4303821402C7EA26F60687F53" bold="true" box="[547,566,1575,1594]" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">G</emphasis>
|
||
: In addition to the manchette of microtubules, several microtubules arrange around the nucleus in late spermatids.
|
||
<emphasis id="B939EAE4303821402C89A20A60B67F3C" bold="true" box="[724,744,1602,1621]" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">H</emphasis>
|
||
: The periphery of the spermatids possesses numerous looplike constrictions, which are obvious in higher magnification in (inset).
|
||
<emphasis id="B939EAE4303821402D8FA21461857F06" bold="true" box="[978,987,1628,1647]" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">I</emphasis>
|
||
: Finally, two sperm fuse entirely and form large synspermia, the cytoplasm of which further compresses, while the sperm conjugates elongate.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<caption id="DF32667E303B21432ECBA1C062A37F52" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4612363" ID-Zenodo-Dep="4612363" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4612363/files/figure.png" pageId="34" pageNumber="35" startId="34.[150,188,1416,1435]" targetBox="[128,1230,207,1393]" targetPageId="34">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BF236F6303B21432ECBA1C062A37F52" blockId="34.[128,1227,1416,1595]" pageId="34" pageNumber="35">
|
||
Fig. 29. Characteristics of synspermia and spermatozoa of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C4D4D75303B21432D78A1C061CD7CF5" box="[805,915,1416,1436]" class="Arachnida" family="Oonopidae" genus="Orchestina" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="34" pageNumber="35" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B939EAE4303B21432D78A1C061CD7CF5" box="[805,915,1416,1436]" italics="true" pageId="34" pageNumber="35">Orchestina</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
sp. 2 (Argentina).
|
||
<emphasis id="B939EAE4303B21432A3BA1C066267CF2" bold="true" box="[1126,1144,1416,1435]" pageId="34" pageNumber="35">A</emphasis>
|
||
: Sperm conjugates are elongated and tubelike.
|
||
<emphasis id="B939EAE4303B21432C49A1EB607A7CDF" bold="true" box="[532,548,1443,1462]" pageId="34" pageNumber="35">B</emphasis>
|
||
: The secretion sheath that surrounds the synspermia is formed in the deferent ducts.
|
||
<emphasis id="B939EAE4303B21432F0BA1F563367CB9" bold="true" box="[342,360,1469,1488]" pageId="34" pageNumber="35">C</emphasis>
|
||
: The periphery of the cytoplasm of the syncytium is provided with numerous fingerlike constrictions.
|
||
<emphasis id="B939EAE4303B21432F25A19063D57C82" bold="true" box="[376,395,1496,1515]" pageId="34" pageNumber="35">D</emphasis>
|
||
: The IF is very large and filled with a distinct centriolar adjunct, the small NC is only visible near the anterior pole of the nucleus.
|
||
<emphasis id="B939EAE4303B21432CF2A1BB60E17F6F" bold="true" box="[687,703,1523,1542]" pageId="34" pageNumber="35">E</emphasis>
|
||
: The AV is small and provided with a narrow subacrosomal space.
|
||
<emphasis id="B939EAE4303B21432F3AA24563287F49" bold="true" box="[359,374,1549,1568]" pageId="34" pageNumber="35">F</emphasis>
|
||
: The axoneme extends from the posterior pole of the nucleus.
|
||
<emphasis id="B939EAE4303B21432A63A245660F7F49" bold="true" box="[1086,1105,1549,1568]" pageId="34" pageNumber="35">G</emphasis>
|
||
: A peN is not present.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BF236F6303B21432C87A22766927FB6" blockId="34.[701,1228,1647,1759]" pageId="34" pageNumber="35">NOTES ON SPERMIOGENESIS: Within the testis early and late stages of spermiogenesis are present. Already early spermatids (four) fuse entirely, forming very large, developing</paragraph>
|
||
<caption id="DF32667E303A21422E29A1C061487F52" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4612365" ID-Zenodo-Dep="4612365" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4612365/files/figure.png" pageId="35" pageNumber="36" startId="35.[116,155,1416,1435]" targetBox="[93,1195,207,1393]" targetPageId="35">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BF236F6303A21422E29A1C061487F52" blockId="35.[93,1193,1416,1595]" pageId="35" pageNumber="36">
|
||
Fig. 30. Characteristics of synspermia of
|
||
<emphasis id="B939EAE4303A21422C70A1C061787CF5" box="[557,806,1416,1436]" italics="true" pageId="35" pageNumber="36">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C4D4D75303A21422C70A1C0617C7CF5" box="[557,802,1416,1436]" class="Arachnida" family="Oonopidae" genus="Paradysderina" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="35" pageNumber="36" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="fusiscuta">Paradysderina fusiscuta</taxonomicName>
|
||
.
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
<emphasis id="B939EAE4303A21422D76A1C061637CF2" bold="true" box="[811,829,1416,1435]" pageId="35" pageNumber="36">A</emphasis>
|
||
: The lumen of the deferent ducts is filled with large sperm conjugates.
|
||
<emphasis id="B939EAE4303A21422F95A1EB63867CDF" bold="true" box="[456,472,1443,1462]" pageId="35" pageNumber="36">B</emphasis>
|
||
: Sperm conjugates are composed of four sperm, which are randomly arranged and curled around each other.
|
||
<emphasis id="B939EAE4303A21422C5AA1F560477CB9" bold="true" box="[519,537,1469,1488]" pageId="35" pageNumber="36">C</emphasis>
|
||
: All sperm conjugates are surrounded by a very thin secretion sheath. Numerous membranes, as well as small folds are visible in the periphery.
|
||
<emphasis id="B939EAE4303A21422DFFA19061EB7C82" bold="true" box="[930,949,1496,1515]" pageId="35" pageNumber="36">D</emphasis>
|
||
: Sperm are not entirely fused, thus the main sperm cell components remain surrounded by their own membrane.
|
||
<emphasis id="B939EAE4303A21422A7BA1BB66687F6F" bold="true" box="[1062,1078,1523,1542]" pageId="35" pageNumber="36">E</emphasis>
|
||
: The deep implantation fossa is filled with numerous mitochondria that are arranged in a row.
|
||
<emphasis id="B939EAE4303A21422A4BA245667B7F49" bold="true" box="[1046,1061,1549,1568]" pageId="35" pageNumber="36">F</emphasis>
|
||
: Additional mitochondria are present in the periphery of the sperm conjugate.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BF236F6303A21442E00A23962887FB6" blockId="35.[93,619,1649,1759]" lastBlockId="37.[93,619,1647,1759]" lastPageId="37" lastPageNumber="38" pageId="35" pageNumber="36">
|
||
synspermia (
|
||
<figureCitation id="13762A73303A21422EACA239630A7FEE" box="[241,340,1649,1671]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="26.[150,188,1391,1410]" captionTargetBox="[128,1230,208,1369]" captionTargetId="figure-0@26.[128,1230,208,1369]" captionTargetPageId="26" captionText="Fig. 21. Characteristics of spermiogenesis and mature spermatozoa of Niarchos scutatus. A: Early spermatids already fused entirely, thus all developing spermatids are surrounded by a common membrane. B: The posterior portion of the elongating AV is sunken into the anterior pole of the nucleus in early spermatids. C: Both centrioles (proximal and distal centriole) arrange in tandem position and migrate toward the posterior pole and thus induce the formation if the very small IF that comprises only the two centrioles (magnification in inset). D: The elongated NC is located in the periphery and usually bent toward the nucleus. E: The chromatin condenses irregularly and with distinct electron-lucent portions opposed to the portion in which the NC is running. F: At the end of spermiogenesis the four spermatids arrange closely attached to each other in the middle of the large sperm conjugate. The Ax of each spermatid coils within the cell membrane and a small, electron-dense VA that surrounds the main sperm cell components secondarily is formed." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4612338" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4612338/files/figure.png" pageId="35" pageNumber="36">fig. 21A</figureCitation>
|
||
). The cytoplasm of this syncytium is characterized by large quantities of smooth endoplasmic reticulum. The AV is sunken into the anterior pole of the nucleus (
|
||
<figureCitation id="13762A73303A21422D54A23961357FEE" box="[777,875,1649,1671]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="26.[150,188,1391,1410]" captionTargetBox="[128,1230,208,1369]" captionTargetId="figure-0@26.[128,1230,208,1369]" captionTargetPageId="26" captionText="Fig. 21. Characteristics of spermiogenesis and mature spermatozoa of Niarchos scutatus. A: Early spermatids already fused entirely, thus all developing spermatids are surrounded by a common membrane. B: The posterior portion of the elongating AV is sunken into the anterior pole of the nucleus in early spermatids. C: Both centrioles (proximal and distal centriole) arrange in tandem position and migrate toward the posterior pole and thus induce the formation if the very small IF that comprises only the two centrioles (magnification in inset). D: The elongated NC is located in the periphery and usually bent toward the nucleus. E: The chromatin condenses irregularly and with distinct electron-lucent portions opposed to the portion in which the NC is running. F: At the end of spermiogenesis the four spermatids arrange closely attached to each other in the middle of the large sperm conjugate. The Ax of each spermatid coils within the cell membrane and a small, electron-dense VA that surrounds the main sperm cell components secondarily is formed." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4612338" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4612338/files/figure.png" pageId="35" pageNumber="36">fig. 21B</figureCitation>
|
||
), which is surrounded by a manchette of microtubules. Two centrioles migrate toward the posterior pole of nucleus, inducing the formation of a small implantation fossa (
|
||
<figureCitation id="13762A73303D21452F8AA23960617FE1" box="[471,575,1649,1672]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="26.[150,188,1391,1410]" captionTargetBox="[128,1230,208,1369]" captionTargetId="figure-0@26.[128,1230,208,1369]" captionTargetPageId="26" captionText="Fig. 21. Characteristics of spermiogenesis and mature spermatozoa of Niarchos scutatus. A: Early spermatids already fused entirely, thus all developing spermatids are surrounded by a common membrane. B: The posterior portion of the elongating AV is sunken into the anterior pole of the nucleus in early spermatids. C: Both centrioles (proximal and distal centriole) arrange in tandem position and migrate toward the posterior pole and thus induce the formation if the very small IF that comprises only the two centrioles (magnification in inset). D: The elongated NC is located in the periphery and usually bent toward the nucleus. E: The chromatin condenses irregularly and with distinct electron-lucent portions opposed to the portion in which the NC is running. F: At the end of spermiogenesis the four spermatids arrange closely attached to each other in the middle of the large sperm conjugate. The Ax of each spermatid coils within the cell membrane and a small, electron-dense VA that surrounds the main sperm cell components secondarily is formed." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4612338" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4612338/files/figure.png" pageId="36" pageNumber="37">fig. 21D</figureCitation>
|
||
). The chromatin condenses heterogeneously (
|
||
<figureCitation id="13762A73303D21452C3BA2C762BE7FA8" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="26.[150,188,1391,1410]" captionTargetBox="[128,1230,208,1369]" captionTargetId="figure-0@26.[128,1230,208,1369]" captionTargetPageId="26" captionText="Fig. 21. Characteristics of spermiogenesis and mature spermatozoa of Niarchos scutatus. A: Early spermatids already fused entirely, thus all developing spermatids are surrounded by a common membrane. B: The posterior portion of the elongating AV is sunken into the anterior pole of the nucleus in early spermatids. C: Both centrioles (proximal and distal centriole) arrange in tandem position and migrate toward the posterior pole and thus induce the formation if the very small IF that comprises only the two centrioles (magnification in inset). D: The elongated NC is located in the periphery and usually bent toward the nucleus. E: The chromatin condenses irregularly and with distinct electron-lucent portions opposed to the portion in which the NC is running. F: At the end of spermiogenesis the four spermatids arrange closely attached to each other in the middle of the large sperm conjugate. The Ax of each spermatid coils within the cell membrane and a small, electron-dense VA that surrounds the main sperm cell components secondarily is formed." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4612338" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4612338/files/figure.png" pageId="36" pageNumber="37">fig. 21C, D</figureCitation>
|
||
). The NC is extremely stretched, resembling a slender band in late spermatids (
|
||
<figureCitation id="13762A73303D21452C9BA23961777FE1" box="[710,809,1649,1672]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="26.[150,188,1391,1410]" captionTargetBox="[128,1230,208,1369]" captionTargetId="figure-0@26.[128,1230,208,1369]" captionTargetPageId="26" captionText="Fig. 21. Characteristics of spermiogenesis and mature spermatozoa of Niarchos scutatus. A: Early spermatids already fused entirely, thus all developing spermatids are surrounded by a common membrane. B: The posterior portion of the elongating AV is sunken into the anterior pole of the nucleus in early spermatids. C: Both centrioles (proximal and distal centriole) arrange in tandem position and migrate toward the posterior pole and thus induce the formation if the very small IF that comprises only the two centrioles (magnification in inset). D: The elongated NC is located in the periphery and usually bent toward the nucleus. E: The chromatin condenses irregularly and with distinct electron-lucent portions opposed to the portion in which the NC is running. F: At the end of spermiogenesis the four spermatids arrange closely attached to each other in the middle of the large sperm conjugate. The Ax of each spermatid coils within the cell membrane and a small, electron-dense VA that surrounds the main sperm cell components secondarily is formed." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4612338" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4612338/files/figure.png" pageId="36" pageNumber="37">fig. 21F</figureCitation>
|
||
). The peripheral microtubules of the two centrioles are surrounded by little electron-dense material (
|
||
<figureCitation id="13762A73303D21452A06A2E466E07FAB" box="[1115,1214,1708,1730]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="26.[150,188,1391,1410]" captionTargetBox="[128,1230,208,1369]" captionTargetId="figure-0@26.[128,1230,208,1369]" captionTargetPageId="26" captionText="Fig. 21. Characteristics of spermiogenesis and mature spermatozoa of Niarchos scutatus. A: Early spermatids already fused entirely, thus all developing spermatids are surrounded by a common membrane. B: The posterior portion of the elongating AV is sunken into the anterior pole of the nucleus in early spermatids. C: Both centrioles (proximal and distal centriole) arrange in tandem position and migrate toward the posterior pole and thus induce the formation if the very small IF that comprises only the two centrioles (magnification in inset). D: The elongated NC is located in the periphery and usually bent toward the nucleus. E: The chromatin condenses irregularly and with distinct electron-lucent portions opposed to the portion in which the NC is running. F: At the end of spermiogenesis the four spermatids arrange closely attached to each other in the middle of the large sperm conjugate. The Ax of each spermatid coils within the cell membrane and a small, electron-dense VA that surrounds the main sperm cell components secondarily is formed." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4612338" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4612338/files/figure.png" pageId="36" pageNumber="37">fig. 21E</figureCitation>
|
||
). Further development includes the complete condensation of chromatin, resulting in a homogeneously electron-dense nucleus (
|
||
<figureCitation id="13762A73303C21442E38A2E362987FA8" box="[101,198,1707,1729]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="26.[150,188,1391,1410]" captionTargetBox="[128,1230,208,1369]" captionTargetId="figure-0@26.[128,1230,208,1369]" captionTargetPageId="26" captionText="Fig. 21. Characteristics of spermiogenesis and mature spermatozoa of Niarchos scutatus. A: Early spermatids already fused entirely, thus all developing spermatids are surrounded by a common membrane. B: The posterior portion of the elongating AV is sunken into the anterior pole of the nucleus in early spermatids. C: Both centrioles (proximal and distal centriole) arrange in tandem position and migrate toward the posterior pole and thus induce the formation if the very small IF that comprises only the two centrioles (magnification in inset). D: The elongated NC is located in the periphery and usually bent toward the nucleus. E: The chromatin condenses irregularly and with distinct electron-lucent portions opposed to the portion in which the NC is running. F: At the end of spermiogenesis the four spermatids arrange closely attached to each other in the middle of the large sperm conjugate. The Ax of each spermatid coils within the cell membrane and a small, electron-dense VA that surrounds the main sperm cell components secondarily is formed." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4612338" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4612338/files/figure.png" pageId="37" pageNumber="38">fig. 21F</figureCitation>
|
||
) and formation of a vesicular area (
|
||
<figureCitation id="13762A73303C21442E38A28162977FB6" box="[101,201,1737,1759]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="26.[150,188,1391,1410]" captionTargetBox="[128,1230,208,1369]" captionTargetId="figure-0@26.[128,1230,208,1369]" captionTargetPageId="26" captionText="Fig. 21. Characteristics of spermiogenesis and mature spermatozoa of Niarchos scutatus. A: Early spermatids already fused entirely, thus all developing spermatids are surrounded by a common membrane. B: The posterior portion of the elongating AV is sunken into the anterior pole of the nucleus in early spermatids. C: Both centrioles (proximal and distal centriole) arrange in tandem position and migrate toward the posterior pole and thus induce the formation if the very small IF that comprises only the two centrioles (magnification in inset). D: The elongated NC is located in the periphery and usually bent toward the nucleus. E: The chromatin condenses irregularly and with distinct electron-lucent portions opposed to the portion in which the NC is running. F: At the end of spermiogenesis the four spermatids arrange closely attached to each other in the middle of the large sperm conjugate. The Ax of each spermatid coils within the cell membrane and a small, electron-dense VA that surrounds the main sperm cell components secondarily is formed." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4612338" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4612338/files/figure.png" pageId="37" pageNumber="38">fig. 21F</figureCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |