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<document id="00289D1D36366043C5782D39F7B2BD3B" ID-CLB-Dataset="159647" ID-DOI="10.5852/ejt.2022.839.1935" ID-GBIF-Dataset="d57136df-42d7-415f-8187-081cb6c9bab6" ID-ISSN="2118-9773" ID-Zenodo-Dep="7154776" ID-ZooBank="671A18B9-2DF6-41E2-A0C9-5DE155A1D906" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1665100032786" checkinUser="felipe" docAuthor="Le-Le, HE &amp; Bao-Zhen, HUA" docDate="2022" docId="03E48401FF85E82C907496DDDDF8DF0B" docLanguage="en" docName="ejt-839_103-119.pdf" docOrigin="European Journal of Taxonomy 839" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.5852/ejt.2022.839.1935" docStyle="DocumentStyle:EF2B578F1D15862ADE45B0C07C620911.14:EJT.2018-.journal_article.type1" docStyleId="EF2B578F1D15862ADE45B0C07C620911" docStyleName="EJT.2018-.journal_article.type1" docStyleVersion="14" docTitle="Bittacus leigongshanicus Hua 2022, sp. nov." docType="treatment" docVersion="7" lastPageNumber="114" masterDocId="FFDDFC79FF82E8279225902FDC5DDC2C" masterDocTitle="A review of Bittacidae (Mecoptera) in Guizhou, China with descriptions of three new species" masterLastPageNumber="119" masterPageNumber="103" pageNumber="110" updateTime="1699388909831" updateUser="ExternalLinkService" zenodo-license-document="CC-BY-4.0" zenodo-license-figures="CC-BY-4.0" zenodo-license-treatments="UNSPECIFIED">
<mods:mods id="954747AC30A11BA14364309BCB1496B1" xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
<mods:titleInfo id="0E5DF41141E9CB337CDFA4DA7BB3DEFB">
<mods:title id="CA28CC70A09D9C91E239E093228DEF4E">A review of Bittacidae (Mecoptera) in Guizhou, China with descriptions of three new species</mods:title>
</mods:titleInfo>
<mods:name id="711CC4FB968E5A7BDFDE72F005D93C1F" type="personal">
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<mods:roleTerm id="EDC7C4CDE0F62FE1323307438D984C64">Author</mods:roleTerm>
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<mods:namePart id="CCF62B1E56D76C2D99FC40077EC7CE3A">Le-Le, HE</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation id="6BC13667413361028544697FAE209BDE">Entomological Museum, College of Plant Protection, Northwest A &amp; F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China.</mods:affiliation>
<mods:nameIdentifier id="6E6437176D3D202A90CC6558038BDCAD" type="email">helele@nwafu.edu.cn</mods:nameIdentifier>
</mods:name>
<mods:name id="125CB19FB434F20B509475F7FF787236" type="personal">
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<mods:roleTerm id="F569FE1E66AD3A725F26177D291E0F25">Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart id="E9A21BC806415E23CF7ADA80238F63E8">Bao-Zhen, HUA</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation id="41639F0FCA3E189412C1EB5617283118">Entomological Museum, College of Plant Protection, Northwest A &amp; F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China.</mods:affiliation>
<mods:nameIdentifier id="E5DC6CC7FAD7232D0B6AEBEA377EBA33" type="email">huabzh@nwafu.edu.cn</mods:nameIdentifier>
</mods:name>
<mods:typeOfResource id="184CECAA85DF99513E14FC34FAE5DB14">text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:title id="F4D6A9ADF4E95FB262F4468090B03332">European Journal of Taxonomy</mods:title>
</mods:titleInfo>
<mods:part id="8402B9C155571FFA0052CE9DDF6B6FC9">
<mods:date id="4A383CABEA0F2FFE8DCE745E4B32A5A8">2022</mods:date>
<mods:detail id="28E5BE16E76407F53101E2EDB80E0520" type="pubDate">
<mods:number id="BA08C4461A8B86DF1B30E276BF493C2E">2022-10-06</mods:number>
</mods:detail>
<mods:detail id="970ADC9BBDA2A189717B415BD8028DE7" type="volume">
<mods:number id="69478317AC4BDD69A4CEC707FA93496C">839</mods:number>
</mods:detail>
<mods:extent id="B8FE6774F06E2C7F787402A85D851E32" unit="page">
<mods:start id="85B68BB83EF87A9B3078153C4EFCFA96">103</mods:start>
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<mods:url id="07C9BBB476C5089B0BBB96075E31DD3C">http://dx.doi.org/10.5852/ejt.2022.839.1935</mods:url>
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<mods:classification id="AD5321D7BF611EED4C01DFE5C0C3FA57">journal article</mods:classification>
<mods:identifier id="AF94C32A49C705FB3E8877849D1C37CF" type="CLB-Dataset">159647</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier id="2BDDA2ACEF32025C12D8B04CF18B61B3" type="DOI">10.5852/ejt.2022.839.1935</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier id="09C30935DFFD26A8A43E84E86718DB2A" type="ISSN">2118-9773</mods:identifier>
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</mods:mods>
<treatment id="03E48401FF85E82C907496DDDDF8DF0B" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7154782" ID-GBIF-Taxon="202149826" ID-Zenodo-Dep="7154782" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03E48401FF85E82C907496DDDDF8DF0B" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/03E48401FF85E82C907496DDDDF8DF0B" lastPageId="11" lastPageNumber="114" pageId="7" pageNumber="110">
<subSubSection id="C357669CFF85E820907496DDDFBEDB21" box="[593,995,1778,1805]" pageId="7" pageNumber="110" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph id="8BF23517FF85E820907496DDDFBEDB21" blockId="7.[363,1224,1778,1876]" box="[593,995,1778,1805]" pageId="7" pageNumber="110">
<heading id="D0BA827BFF85E820907496DDDFBEDB21" box="[593,995,1778,1805]" centered="true" fontSize="11" level="2" pageId="7" pageNumber="110" reason="2">
<taxonomicName id="4C4D4E94FF85E820907496DDDFDCDB21" authority="Hua, 2022" authorityName="Hua" authorityYear="2022" box="[593,897,1778,1805]" class="Insecta" family="Bittacidae" genus="Bittacus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Mecoptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="110" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="leigongshanicus" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="B939E905FF85E820907496DDDFDCDB21" bold="true" box="[593,897,1778,1805]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="110">Bittacus leigongshanicus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A20A547EFF85E82091AD96DCDFBEDB21" box="[904,995,1779,1805]" pageId="7" pageNumber="110" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</heading>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C357669CFF85E820934E9739D895DB1D" box="[363,1224,1814,1841]" pageId="7" pageNumber="110" type="multiple">
<paragraph id="8BF23517FF85E820934E9739D895DB1D" blockId="7.[363,1224,1778,1876]" box="[363,1224,1814,1841]" pageId="7" pageNumber="110">
<uri id="FFDC3915FF85E820934E9739D895DB1D" box="[363,1224,1814,1841]" pageId="7" pageNumber="110">
urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:
<uuid id="FFEB0FC2FF85E82090B49739D895DB1D" box="[657,1224,1814,1841]" pageId="7" pageNumber="110">13B5A6A6-5632-4C1E-B15C-67FD5EA1D110</uuid>
</uri>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C357669CFF85E82090C29716DF11DB78" box="[743,844,1849,1876]" pageId="7" pageNumber="110" type="description">
<paragraph id="8BF23517FF85E82090C29716DF11DB78" blockId="7.[363,1224,1778,1876]" box="[743,844,1849,1876]" pageId="7" pageNumber="110">
<figureCitation id="13762992FF85E82090C29716DF11DB78" box="[743,844,1849,1876]" captionStart-0="Fig" captionStart-1="Fig" captionStart-2="Fig" captionStartId-0="8.[189,232,1892,1918]" captionStartId-1="9.[189,233,1962,1988]" captionStartId-2="10.[191,235,1928,1954]" captionTargetBox-0="[218,1370,539,1853]" captionTargetBox-1="[189,1372,1327,1899]" captionTargetBox-2="[189,1386,986,1863]" captionTargetId-0="figure-48@8.[189,1398,527,1853]" captionTargetId-1="figure-281@9.[189,1398,1308,1923]" captionTargetId-2="figure-290@10.[189,1398,971,1890]" captionTargetPageId-0="8" captionTargetPageId-1="9" captionTargetPageId-2="10" captionText-0="Fig. 5. Bittacus leigongshanicus sp. nov., ♂, holotype (NWAU). A. Habitus in lateral view. B. Head in frontal view. C. Thorax in dorsal view. D. Flagellum of antenna. E. Tibia with two apical tibial spurs of left foreleg.F. Tarsomeres IV, V and claw of left foreleg.Abbreviations: see Material and methods. Scale bars: A = 5.0 mm; B–D = 0.5 mm; E–F = 0.2 mm." captionText-1="Fig. 6. Right wings of Bittacus leigongshanicus sp. nov., ♀, paratype (NWAU). Abbreviations: see Material and methods. Scale bar = 2.0 mm." captionText-2="Fig. 7. Bittacus leigongshanicus sp. nov. A, C. ♂, holotype (NWAU). B, D. ♀, paratype (NWAU). A–B. Terminalia in lateral view. C–D. Terminalia in ventral view. Abbreviations: see Material and methods. Scale bars: A = 0.5 mm; B–D = 0.2 mm." figureDoi-0="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7154792" figureDoi-1="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7154794" figureDoi-2="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7154796" httpUri-0="https://zenodo.org/record/7154792/files/figure.png" httpUri-1="https://zenodo.org/record/7154794/files/figure.png" httpUri-2="https://zenodo.org/record/7154796/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="110">Figs 5–7</figureCitation>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C357669CFF85E82F92989754DE6FDD6A" lastPageId="8" lastPageNumber="111" pageId="7" pageNumber="110" type="diagnosis">
<paragraph id="8BF23517FF85E82092989754DD6BDBB9" blockId="7.[189,310,1915,1941]" box="[189,310,1915,1941]" pageId="7" pageNumber="110">
<heading id="D0BA827BFF85E82092989754DD6BDBB9" bold="true" box="[189,310,1915,1941]" fontSize="11" level="3" pageId="7" pageNumber="110" reason="3">
<emphasis id="B939E905FF85E82092989754DD6BDBB9" bold="true" box="[189,310,1915,1941]" pageId="7" pageNumber="110">Diagnosis</emphasis>
</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BF23517FF85E82F92989785DE6FDD6A" blockId="7.[189,1400,1962,2025]" lastBlockId="8.[189,1399,265,327]" lastPageId="8" lastPageNumber="111" pageId="7" pageNumber="110">The new species can be readily recognized from its congeners by the following characters: 1) wings with numerous dark brown markings, Av one; 2) terga II–V dark brown in the basal three-fourths, light brown in the distal fourth; terga VI–VIII black; and 3) male epandrial appendage greatly elongated into a sinuous lobe in the distal half.</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C357669CFF8AE82F92989141DF26DD9A" box="[189,891,366,439]" pageId="8" pageNumber="111" type="etymology">
<paragraph id="8BF23517FF8AE82F92989141DD19DDA4" blockId="8.[189,324,366,392]" box="[189,324,366,392]" pageId="8" pageNumber="111">
<heading id="D0BA827BFF8AE82F92989141DD19DDA4" bold="true" box="[189,324,366,392]" fontSize="11" level="3" pageId="8" pageNumber="111" reason="3">
<emphasis id="B939E905FF8AE82F92989141DD19DDA4" bold="true" box="[189,324,366,392]" pageId="8" pageNumber="111">Etymology</emphasis>
</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BF23517FF8AE82F929891B3DF26DD9A" blockId="8.[189,891,412,439]" box="[189,891,412,439]" pageId="8" pageNumber="111">
The specific epithet refers to the
<typeStatus id="54F68BB5FF8AE82F901891B2DE2DDD9B" box="[573,624,413,439]" pageId="8" pageNumber="111">type</typeStatus>
locality, Leigongshan.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<caption id="DF32659FFF8AE82F9298974BDF54DBC4" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7154792" ID-Zenodo-Dep="7154792" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7154792/files/figure.png" pageId="8" pageNumber="111" startId="8.[189,232,1892,1918]" targetBox="[218,1370,539,1853]" targetPageId="8">
<paragraph id="8BF23517FF8AE82F9298974BDF54DBC4" blockId="8.[188,1399,1892,2024]" pageId="8" pageNumber="111">
<emphasis id="B939E905FF8AE82F9298974BDD56DB52" bold="true" box="[189,267,1892,1918]" pageId="8" pageNumber="111">Fig. 5.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="4C4D4E94FF8AE82F9336974ADE67DB52" authority="Hua, 2022" authorityName="Hua" authorityYear="2022" box="[275,570,1892,1918]" class="Insecta" family="Bittacidae" genus="Bittacus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Mecoptera" pageId="8" pageNumber="111" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="leigongshanicus" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="B939E905FF8AE82F9336974ADE67DB52" box="[275,570,1892,1918]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="111">Bittacus leigongshanicus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A20A547EFF8AE82F9067974ADEC2DB53" box="[578,671,1893,1919]" pageId="8" pageNumber="111" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
, ♂, holotype (NWAU).
<emphasis id="B939E905FF8AE82F919C974BDF93DB52" bold="true" box="[953,974,1892,1918]" pageId="8" pageNumber="111">A</emphasis>
. Habitus in lateral view.
<emphasis id="B939E905FF8AE82F96DD974BD956DB52" bold="true" box="[1272,1291,1892,1918]" pageId="8" pageNumber="111">B</emphasis>
. Head in frontal view.
<emphasis id="B939E905FF8AE82F937D97A8DD30DB8D" bold="true" box="[344,365,1927,1953]" pageId="8" pageNumber="111">C</emphasis>
. Thorax in dorsal view.
<emphasis id="B939E905FF8AE82F90AC97A8DEC3DB8D" bold="true" box="[649,670,1927,1953]" pageId="8" pageNumber="111">D</emphasis>
. Flagellum of antenna.
<emphasis id="B939E905FF8AE82F919197A8DF95DB8D" bold="true" box="[948,968,1927,1953]" pageId="8" pageNumber="111">E</emphasis>
. Tibia with two apical tibial spurs of left foreleg.
<emphasis id="B939E905FF8AE82F936D9784DD07DBE9" bold="true" box="[328,346,1963,1989]" pageId="8" pageNumber="111">F</emphasis>
. Tarsomeres IV, V and claw of left foreleg.Abbreviations: see Material and methods. Scale bars: A = 5.0 mm; B–D = 0.5 mm; E–F = 0.2 mm.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<subSubSection id="C357669CFF8BE82E92989126DF9EDDD0" pageId="9" pageNumber="112" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph id="8BF23517FF8BE82E92989126DD31DD0E" blockId="9.[189,364,264,291]" box="[189,364,264,291]" pageId="9" pageNumber="112">
<heading id="D0BA827BFF8BE82E92989126DD31DD0E" bold="true" box="[189,364,264,291]" fontSize="11" level="3" pageId="9" pageNumber="112" reason="3">
<emphasis id="B939E905FF8BE82E92989126DD31DD0E" bold="true" box="[189,364,264,291]" pageId="9" pageNumber="112">Type material</emphasis>
</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BF23517FF8BE82E92CF9118DEEBDDB4" blockId="9.[189,1399,311,408]" pageId="9" pageNumber="112">
<materialsCitation id="3B253F4AFF8BE82E92CF9118DEEBDDB4" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3921373303" collectingDate="2021-07-15" collectionCode="NWAU" collectorName="Le-Le He" country="China" county="Leishan County" elevation="1470" latitude="26.37" location="Leigongshan" longLatPrecision="20" longitude="108.130005" pageId="9" pageNumber="112" specimenCount="1" specimenCount-male="1" stateProvince="Guizhou Province" typeStatus="holotype">
<emphasis id="B939E905FF8BE82E92CF9118DD01DD7D" bold="true" box="[234,348,311,337]" pageId="9" pageNumber="112">
<typeStatus id="54F68BB5FF8BE82E92CF9118DD01DD7D" box="[234,348,311,337]" pageId="9" pageNumber="112" type="holotype">Holotype</typeStatus>
</emphasis>
<collectingCountry id="F35A7587FF8BE82E92989175DD45DD58" box="[189,280,346,372]" name="China" pageId="9" pageNumber="112">CHINA</collectingCountry>
•
<specimenCount id="9D4BFE9EFF8BE82E930B9174DD1ADD59" box="[302,327,347,373]" pageId="9" pageNumber="112" type="male">♂</specimenCount>
;
<collectingRegion id="4989FBF5FF8BE82E93779175DE75DD58" box="[338,552,346,372]" country="China" name="Guizhou" pageId="9" pageNumber="112">Guizhou Province</collectingRegion>
,
<collectingCounty id="62934D9BFF8BE82E90179175DEB1DD58" box="[562,748,346,372]" pageId="9" pageNumber="112">Leishan County</collectingCounty>
,
<location id="8E9263CCFF8BE82E90D39175DFCCDD58" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03E48401FF85E82C907496DDDDF8DF0B:8E9263CCFF8BE82E90D39175DFCCDD58" box="[758,913,346,372]" country="China" county="Leishan County" latitude="26.37" longLatPrecision="20" longitude="108.130005" name="Leigongshan" pageId="9" pageNumber="112" stateProvince="Guizhou Province">Leigongshan</location>
;
<geoCoordinate id="EE7953D0FF8BE82E91B99176D86DDD59" box="[924,1072,345,373]" degrees="26" direction="north" minutes="22" orientation="latitude" pageId="9" pageNumber="112" precision="15" seconds="12" value="26.37">26°22′12″ N</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate id="EE7953D0FF8BE82E961F9176D896DD59" box="[1082,1227,345,373]" degrees="108" direction="east" minutes="7" orientation="longitude" pageId="9" pageNumber="112" precision="15" seconds="48" value="108.130005">108°7′48″ E</geoCoordinate>
;
<elevation id="0060D224FF8BE82E96F39175DCABDDBB" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.47" metricValueMax="1.5" metricValueMin="1.44" pageId="9" pageNumber="112" unit="m" value="1470.0" valueMax="1500.0" valueMin="1440.0">
<quantity id="4CB598F2FF8BE82E96F39175D92ADD59" box="[1238,1399,346,373]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.47" metricValueMax="1.5" metricValueMin="1.44" pageId="9" pageNumber="112" unit="m" value="1470.0" valueMax="1500.0" valueMin="1440.0">1440–1500 m</quantity>
a.s.l.
</elevation>
;
<date id="FFF313D7FF8BE82E93269152DDCADDB4" box="[259,407,381,408]" pageId="9" pageNumber="112" value="2021-07-15">
<collectingDate id="EFB7EA3FFF8BE82E93269152DDCADDB4" box="[259,407,381,408]" pageId="9" pageNumber="112" value="2021-07-15">15 Jul. 2021</collectingDate>
</date>
;
<collectorName id="26B850C1FF8BE82E93869151DE49DDB4" box="[419,532,382,408]" pageId="9" pageNumber="112">Le-Le He</collectorName>
leg.;
<collectionCode id="ED5CADD2FF8BE82E90739151DEEFDDB4" box="[598,690,382,408]" country="China" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/k16p-fpz9" name="North-West Agricultural University" pageId="9" pageNumber="112">NWAU</collectionCode>
.
</materialsCitation>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BF23517FF8BE82E92CF9190DF9EDDD0" blockId="9.[189,963,447,509]" pageId="9" pageNumber="112">
<materialsCitation id="3B253F4AFF8BE82E92CF9190DFE2DDD0" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3921373306" collectingDate="2021-07-15" collectionCode="NWAU" collectorName="Le-Le He" country="China" county="Leishan County" elevation="1470" latitude="26.37" location="Leigongshan" longLatPrecision="20" longitude="108.130005" pageId="9" pageNumber="112" specimenCount="2" specimenCount-female="2" stateProvince="Guizhou" typeStatus="paratype">
<emphasis id="B939E905FF8BE82E92CF9190DD3ADDF5" bold="true" box="[234,359,447,473]" pageId="9" pageNumber="112">
<typeStatus id="54F68BB5FF8BE82E92CF9190DD3ADDF5" box="[234,359,447,473]" pageId="9" pageNumber="112" type="paratype">Paratypes</typeStatus>
</emphasis>
<collectingCountry id="F35A7587FF8BE82E929891CDDD45DDD0" box="[189,280,482,508]" name="China" pageId="9" pageNumber="112">CHINA</collectingCountry>
•
<specimenCount id="9D4BFE9EFF8BE82E931491CDDD29DDD1" box="[305,372,482,509]" pageId="9" pageNumber="112" type="female">2 ♀♀</specimenCount>
, same collection data as for the holotype;
<collectionCode id="ED5CADD2FF8BE82E914691CDDFE2DDD0" box="[867,959,482,508]" country="China" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/k16p-fpz9" name="North-West Agricultural University" pageId="9" pageNumber="112">NWAU</collectionCode>
</materialsCitation>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C357669CFF8BE82C9298920CDD1DDDA3" lastPageId="11" lastPageNumber="114" pageId="9" pageNumber="112" type="description">
<paragraph id="8BF23517FF8BE82E9298920CDD13DE11" blockId="9.[189,334,547,573]" box="[189,334,547,573]" pageId="9" pageNumber="112">
<heading id="D0BA827BFF8BE82E9298920CDD13DE11" bold="true" box="[189,334,547,573]" fontSize="11" level="3" pageId="9" pageNumber="112" reason="3">
<emphasis id="B939E905FF8BE82E9298920CDD13DE11" bold="true" box="[189,334,547,573]" pageId="9" pageNumber="112">Description</emphasis>
</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BF23517FF8BE82E9298927DDE5DDEBC" blockId="9.[189,1398,594,656]" pageId="9" pageNumber="112">
MEASUREMENTS. AL
<quantity id="4CB598F2FF8BE82E9393927DDE14DE41" box="[438,585,594,621]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="7.6" metricValueMax="7.9" metricValueMin="7.3" pageId="9" pageNumber="112" unit="mm" value="7.6" valueMax="7.9" valueMin="7.3">7.3–7.9 mm</quantity>
, BL
<quantity id="4CB598F2FF8BE82E90A0927DDF6BDE41" box="[645,822,594,621]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.8" metricValueMax="1.85" metricValueMin="1.75" pageId="9" pageNumber="112" unit="mm" value="18.0" valueMax="18.5" valueMin="17.5">17.5–18.5 mm</quantity>
, FL
<quantity id="4CB598F2FF8BE82E914A927DD87DDE41" box="[879,1056,594,621]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.345" metricValueMax="2.41" metricValueMin="2.28" pageId="9" pageNumber="112" unit="mm" value="23.45" valueMax="24.1" valueMin="22.8">22.8–24.1 mm</quantity>
, FW
<quantity id="4CB598F2FF8BE82E9646927DD8ABDE41" box="[1123,1270,594,621]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.15" metricValueMax="5.5" metricValueMin="4.8" pageId="9" pageNumber="112" unit="mm" value="5.15" valueMax="5.5" valueMin="4.8">4.8–5.5 mm</quantity>
, HL
<quantity id="4CB598F2FF8BE82E9716927DDD74DEBC" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.19" metricValueMax="2.2399999999999998" metricValueMin="2.1399999999999997" pageId="9" pageNumber="112" unit="mm" value="21.9" valueMax="22.4" valueMin="21.4">21.4– 22.4 mm</quantity>
, HW 4.5–5.0 mm.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BF23517FF8BE82E92989298DD86DFAD" blockId="9.[188,1400,694,897]" pageId="9" pageNumber="112">
HEAD (
<figureCitation id="13762992FF8BE82E93349298DD31DEFD" box="[273,364,694,721]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="8.[189,232,1892,1918]" captionTargetBox="[218,1370,539,1853]" captionTargetId="figure-48@8.[189,1398,527,1853]" captionTargetPageId="8" captionText="Fig. 5. Bittacus leigongshanicus sp. nov., ♂, holotype (NWAU). A. Habitus in lateral view. B. Head in frontal view. C. Thorax in dorsal view. D. Flagellum of antenna. E. Tibia with two apical tibial spurs of left foreleg.F. Tarsomeres IV, V and claw of left foreleg.Abbreviations: see Material and methods. Scale bars: A = 5.0 mm; B–D = 0.5 mm; E–F = 0.2 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7154792" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7154792/files/figure.png" pageId="9" pageNumber="112">Fig. 5B</figureCitation>
). Vertex and frons yellowish brown; ocellar triangle black, dark ocellar stripe extending to compound eyes; lateral ocelli twice as large as median ocellus; compound eyes spherical; clypeus and labrum unevenly brown, lateral sides darker; maxillary palps dull yellowish brown except terminal segments brown, 3
<superScript id="7C38985FFF8BE82E93BD930FDDFBDF02" attach="left" box="[408,422,800,814]" fontSize="6" pageId="9" pageNumber="112">rd</superScript>
segment approximately twice as long as 4
<superScript id="7C38985FFF8BE82E91B6930FDFFDDF02" attach="left" box="[915,928,800,814]" fontSize="6" pageId="9" pageNumber="112">th</superScript>
and 5
<superScript id="7C38985FFF8BE82E91C2930FDFA9DF02" attach="left" box="[999,1012,800,814]" fontSize="6" pageId="9" pageNumber="112">th</superScript>
segments combined; labial palps yellowish brown. Antennae ciliated with long hairs (
<figureCitation id="13762992FF8BE82E910C936CDFD5DF72" box="[809,904,835,862]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="8.[189,232,1892,1918]" captionTargetBox="[218,1370,539,1853]" captionTargetId="figure-48@8.[189,1398,527,1853]" captionTargetPageId="8" captionText="Fig. 5. Bittacus leigongshanicus sp. nov., ♂, holotype (NWAU). A. Habitus in lateral view. B. Head in frontal view. C. Thorax in dorsal view. D. Flagellum of antenna. E. Tibia with two apical tibial spurs of left foreleg.F. Tarsomeres IV, V and claw of left foreleg.Abbreviations: see Material and methods. Scale bars: A = 5.0 mm; B–D = 0.5 mm; E–F = 0.2 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7154792" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7154792/files/figure.png" pageId="9" pageNumber="112">Fig. 5D</figureCitation>
), with basal 15 flagellomeres distinct, but distal segments obscure.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BF23517FF8BE82E92989387DE47D87C" blockId="9.[188,1399,936,1104]" pageId="9" pageNumber="112">
THORAX (
<figureCitation id="13762992FF8BE82E930A9387DDD6DFEF" box="[303,395,936,963]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="8.[189,232,1892,1918]" captionTargetBox="[218,1370,539,1853]" captionTargetId="figure-48@8.[189,1398,527,1853]" captionTargetPageId="8" captionText="Fig. 5. Bittacus leigongshanicus sp. nov., ♂, holotype (NWAU). A. Habitus in lateral view. B. Head in frontal view. C. Thorax in dorsal view. D. Flagellum of antenna. E. Tibia with two apical tibial spurs of left foreleg.F. Tarsomeres IV, V and claw of left foreleg.Abbreviations: see Material and methods. Scale bars: A = 5.0 mm; B–D = 0.5 mm; E–F = 0.2 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7154792" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7154792/files/figure.png" pageId="9" pageNumber="112">Fig. 5C</figureCitation>
). Pronotum dark brown, without setae along anterior or posterior margins. Meso- and metanotum dark brown laterally, with a pale brown median stripe. Pleura unevenly blackish brown. Legs yellowish brown, femora and tibiae with black apices (
<figureCitation id="13762992FF8BE82E911C93C1DFCBD825" box="[825,918,1006,1033]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="8.[189,232,1892,1918]" captionTargetBox="[218,1370,539,1853]" captionTargetId="figure-48@8.[189,1398,527,1853]" captionTargetPageId="8" captionText="Fig. 5. Bittacus leigongshanicus sp. nov., ♂, holotype (NWAU). A. Habitus in lateral view. B. Head in frontal view. C. Thorax in dorsal view. D. Flagellum of antenna. E. Tibia with two apical tibial spurs of left foreleg.F. Tarsomeres IV, V and claw of left foreleg.Abbreviations: see Material and methods. Scale bars: A = 5.0 mm; B–D = 0.5 mm; E–F = 0.2 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7154792" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7154792/files/figure.png" pageId="9" pageNumber="112">Fig. 5A</figureCitation>
); length ratio of two apical tibial spurs as 2:1 (
<figureCitation id="13762992FF8BE82E92D3943DDD0DD800" box="[246,336,1041,1068]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="8.[189,232,1892,1918]" captionTargetBox="[218,1370,539,1853]" captionTargetId="figure-48@8.[189,1398,527,1853]" captionTargetPageId="8" captionText="Fig. 5. Bittacus leigongshanicus sp. nov., ♂, holotype (NWAU). A. Habitus in lateral view. B. Head in frontal view. C. Thorax in dorsal view. D. Flagellum of antenna. E. Tibia with two apical tibial spurs of left foreleg.F. Tarsomeres IV, V and claw of left foreleg.Abbreviations: see Material and methods. Scale bars: A = 5.0 mm; B–D = 0.5 mm; E–F = 0.2 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7154792" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7154792/files/figure.png" pageId="9" pageNumber="112">Fig. 5E</figureCitation>
). Hind basitarsus as long as tarsomeres II and III together, tarsomere IV with three subbasal setae on lateral side (
<figureCitation id="13762992FF8BE82E9391941ADE50D87C" box="[436,525,1077,1104]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="8.[189,232,1892,1918]" captionTargetBox="[218,1370,539,1853]" captionTargetId="figure-48@8.[189,1398,527,1853]" captionTargetPageId="8" captionText="Fig. 5. Bittacus leigongshanicus sp. nov., ♂, holotype (NWAU). A. Habitus in lateral view. B. Head in frontal view. C. Thorax in dorsal view. D. Flagellum of antenna. E. Tibia with two apical tibial spurs of left foreleg.F. Tarsomeres IV, V and claw of left foreleg.Abbreviations: see Material and methods. Scale bars: A = 5.0 mm; B–D = 0.5 mm; E–F = 0.2 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7154792" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7154792/files/figure.png" pageId="9" pageNumber="112">Fig. 5F</figureCitation>
).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BF23517FF8BE82D92989459D89DDDA1" blockId="9.[189,1399,1142,1245]" lastBlockId="10.[189,1398,265,397]" lastPageId="10" lastPageNumber="113" pageId="9" pageNumber="112">
WINGS (
<figureCitation id="13762992FF8BE82E933A9459DD3AD8BC" box="[287,359,1142,1169]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="9.[189,233,1962,1988]" captionTargetBox="[189,1372,1327,1899]" captionTargetId="figure-281@9.[189,1398,1308,1923]" captionTargetPageId="9" captionText="Fig. 6. Right wings of Bittacus leigongshanicus sp. nov., ♀, paratype (NWAU). Abbreviations: see Material and methods. Scale bar = 2.0 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7154794" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7154794/files/figure.png" pageId="9" pageNumber="112">Fig. 6</figureCitation>
). Forewing membrane hyaline with grayish brown tinge, dark brown markings distinct; pterostigma prominent; large marking running from R
<subScript id="17C93752FF8BE82E91199483DF18D896" attach="left" box="[828,837,1196,1210]" fontSize="6" pageId="9" pageNumber="112">1</subScript>
to or before CuA, through FRs and FM, turned outward and ending at R
<subScript id="17C93752FF8BE82E93C094E0DDA2D8F1" attach="left" box="[485,511,1231,1245]" fontSize="6" pageId="9" pageNumber="112">4+5</subScript>
; conspicuous small flecks at OM, ORs, and ends of Cu; longitudinal strip along R 5, broader apically; outer margin deeply darker from R 1a to or slightly before M 1; dark brown clouding along cross-veins; small hyaline spot at FM
<subScript id="17C93752FF88E82D91149110DF11DD61" attach="left" box="[817,844,319,333]" fontSize="6" pageId="10" pageNumber="113">3+4</subScript>
; Pcv two. Sc ending beyond level of FRs; Scv and Cuv near level of FM; CuP ending near FM
<subScript id="17C93752FF88E82D90D2914DDF4FDD5C" attach="left" box="[759,786,354,368]" fontSize="6" pageId="10" pageNumber="113">3+4</subScript>
; Cuv two; 1A ending before FM; 2A ending before OM; Av one. Hindwing similar to forewing, but Scv distinctly proximal to level of FM.
</paragraph>
<caption id="DF32659FFF8BE82E92989785DEE4DBC4" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7154794" ID-Zenodo-Dep="7154794" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7154794/files/figure.png" pageId="9" pageNumber="112" startId="9.[189,233,1962,1988]" targetBox="[189,1372,1327,1899]" targetPageId="9">
<paragraph id="8BF23517FF8BE82E92989785DEE4DBC4" blockId="9.[189,1398,1962,2024]" pageId="9" pageNumber="112">
<emphasis id="B939E905FF8BE82E92989785DD53DBE8" bold="true" box="[189,270,1962,1988]" pageId="9" pageNumber="112">Fig. 6.</emphasis>
Right wings of
<taxonomicName id="4C4D4E94FF8BE82E93FC9784DF55DBE8" authority="Hua, 2022" authorityName="Hua" authorityYear="2022" box="[473,776,1962,1988]" class="Insecta" family="Bittacidae" genus="Bittacus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Mecoptera" pageId="9" pageNumber="112" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="leigongshanicus" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="B939E905FF8BE82E93FC9784DF55DBE8" box="[473,776,1962,1988]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="112">Bittacus leigongshanicus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A20A547EFF8BE82E91359784DF2CDBE9" box="[784,881,1963,1989]" pageId="9" pageNumber="112" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
, ♀, paratype (NWAU). Abbreviations: see Material and methods. Scale bar = 2.0 mm.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<paragraph id="8BF23517FF88E82D9298919BD8B2DF02" blockId="10.[187,1401,436,815]" pageId="10" pageNumber="113">
ABDOMEN OF MALE (
<figureCitation id="13762992FF88E82D9391919BDE64DDE2" box="[436,569,436,463]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="10.[191,235,1928,1954]" captionTargetBox="[189,1386,986,1863]" captionTargetId="figure-290@10.[189,1398,971,1890]" captionTargetPageId="10" captionText="Fig. 7. Bittacus leigongshanicus sp. nov. A, C. ♂, holotype (NWAU). B, D. ♀, paratype (NWAU). A–B. Terminalia in lateral view. C–D. Terminalia in ventral view. Abbreviations: see Material and methods. Scale bars: A = 0.5 mm; B–D = 0.2 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7154796" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7154796/files/figure.png" pageId="10" pageNumber="113">Fig. 7A, C</figureCitation>
). Terga II–V dark brown in basal three-fourths, light brown in distal fourth; terga VI–VIII black; each tergum with black narrow antecosta (
<figureCitation id="13762992FF88E82D963491F8D82CDDDE" box="[1041,1137,471,498]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="8.[189,232,1892,1918]" captionTargetBox="[218,1370,539,1853]" captionTargetId="figure-48@8.[189,1398,527,1853]" captionTargetPageId="8" captionText="Fig. 5. Bittacus leigongshanicus sp. nov., ♂, holotype (NWAU). A. Habitus in lateral view. B. Head in frontal view. C. Thorax in dorsal view. D. Flagellum of antenna. E. Tibia with two apical tibial spurs of left foreleg.F. Tarsomeres IV, V and claw of left foreleg.Abbreviations: see Material and methods. Scale bars: A = 5.0 mm; B–D = 0.5 mm; E–F = 0.2 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7154792" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7154792/files/figure.png" pageId="10" pageNumber="113">Fig. 5A</figureCitation>
); tergum VIII slightly emarginate on posterior margin. Epandrial appendages dull yellowish brown, approximately twice as long as gonocoxites, pentagon-shaped in basal half and elongated into a sinuous lobe in distal half; a patch of long yellow hairs on outer surface and diffuse black spines along inner surface of elongated lobes. Tergum X saddle-like, with two lateral plates extending around base of cerci. Upper branch of proctiger yellowish to blackish brown, finger-like, protruding dorsally between epandrial appendages, apically bearing a bundle of yellow hairs; lower branch of proctiger yellowish brown and thin, shorter than upper branch. Cerci subacute distally, half as long as gonocoxites. Gonocoxites slightly curved dorsally. Gonostylus shortened, subquadrangular in lateral aspect, slightly constricted subapically, bearing long hairs on outer surface. Aedeagus stout, with two elongated aedeagal lobes and a greatly coiled penisfilum.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BF23517FF88E82C92989379DD1DDDA3" blockId="10.[189,1401,853,915]" lastBlockId="11.[187,1400,265,399]" lastPageId="11" lastPageNumber="114" pageId="10" pageNumber="113">
ABDOMEN OF FEMALE (
<figureCitation id="13762992FF88E82D93F6937ADE04DF5C" box="[467,601,853,880]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="10.[191,235,1928,1954]" captionTargetBox="[189,1386,986,1863]" captionTargetId="figure-290@10.[189,1398,971,1890]" captionTargetPageId="10" captionText="Fig. 7. Bittacus leigongshanicus sp. nov. A, C. ♂, holotype (NWAU). B, D. ♀, paratype (NWAU). A–B. Terminalia in lateral view. C–D. Terminalia in ventral view. Abbreviations: see Material and methods. Scale bars: A = 0.5 mm; B–D = 0.2 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7154796" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7154796/files/figure.png" pageId="10" pageNumber="113">Fig. 7B, D</figureCitation>
). Terga II–IX blackish to light brown, each with a narrow, black antecosta. Subgenital plate blackish brown, bearing a bunch of black setae distally, consisting of two strongly sclerotized halves, divided mesially by acute triangular membrane; each half with a pale triangular membranous emargination subdistally along lateral edge. Tergum X narrow, extending ventrad. Supraanal and subanal plates broad, truncated anteriorly. Cerci yellowish brown, tapering toward apex, longer than anal plates.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<caption id="DF32659FFF88E82D929A97A7DF54DBC5" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7154796" ID-Zenodo-Dep="7154796" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7154796/files/figure.png" pageId="10" pageNumber="113" startId="10.[191,235,1928,1954]" targetBox="[189,1386,986,1863]" targetPageId="10">
<paragraph id="8BF23517FF88E82D929A97A7DF54DBC5" blockId="10.[189,1399,1928,2025]" pageId="10" pageNumber="113">
<emphasis id="B939E905FF88E82D929A97A7DD4DDB8E" bold="true" box="[191,272,1928,1954]" pageId="10" pageNumber="113">Fig. 7.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="4C4D4E94FF88E82D933D97A6DE1ADB8E" authority="Hua, 2022" authorityName="Hua" authorityYear="2022" box="[280,583,1928,1954]" class="Insecta" family="Bittacidae" genus="Bittacus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Mecoptera" pageId="10" pageNumber="113" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="leigongshanicus" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="B939E905FF88E82D933D97A6DE1ADB8E" box="[280,583,1928,1954]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="113">Bittacus leigongshanicus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A20A547EFF88E82D907597A7DEF2DB8E" box="[592,687,1928,1954]" pageId="10" pageNumber="113" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
<emphasis id="B939E905FF88E82D909F97A7DEA9DB8E" bold="true" box="[698,756,1928,1954]" pageId="10" pageNumber="113">A, C</emphasis>
. ♂, holotype (NWAU).
<emphasis id="B939E905FF88E82D963B97A7D805DB8E" bold="true" box="[1054,1112,1928,1954]" pageId="10" pageNumber="113">B, D</emphasis>
. ♀, paratype (NWAU).
<emphasis id="B939E905FF88E82D92989784DCABDBE9" bold="true" box="[189,246,1963,1990]" pageId="10" pageNumber="113">A–B</emphasis>
. Terminalia in lateral view.
<emphasis id="B939E905FF88E82D90719784DED6DBE9" bold="true" box="[596,651,1963,1990]" pageId="10" pageNumber="113">C–D</emphasis>
. Terminalia in ventral view. Abbreviations: see Material and methods. Scale bars: A = 0.5 mm; B–D = 0.2 mm.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<subSubSection id="C357669CFF89E82C92989198DDB3DE2D" box="[189,494,439,513]" pageId="11" pageNumber="114" type="distribution">
<paragraph id="8BF23517FF89E82C92989198DD0BDDFD" blockId="11.[189,342,439,465]" box="[189,342,439,465]" pageId="11" pageNumber="114">
<heading id="D0BA827BFF89E82C92989198DD0BDDFD" bold="true" box="[189,342,439,465]" fontSize="11" level="3" pageId="11" pageNumber="114" reason="3">
<emphasis id="B939E905FF89E82C92989198DD0BDDFD" bold="true" box="[189,342,439,465]" pageId="11" pageNumber="114">Distribution</emphasis>
</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BF23517FF89E82C929891C8DDB3DE2D" blockId="11.[189,494,487,513]" box="[189,494,487,513]" pageId="11" pageNumber="114">
<collectingRegion id="4989FBF5FF89E82C929891C8DDC9DE2D" box="[189,404,487,513]" country="China" name="Guizhou" pageId="11" pageNumber="114">Guizhou Province</collectingRegion>
,
<collectingCountry id="F35A7587FF89E82C938591C8DDB7DE2D" box="[416,490,487,513]" name="China" pageId="11" pageNumber="114">China</collectingCountry>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C357669CFF89E82C92989206DDF8DF0B" pageId="11" pageNumber="114" type="discussion">
<paragraph id="8BF23517FF89E82C92989206DD72DE6F" blockId="11.[189,303,553,579]" box="[189,303,553,579]" pageId="11" pageNumber="114">
<heading id="D0BA827BFF89E82C92989206DD72DE6F" bold="true" box="[189,303,553,579]" fontSize="11" level="3" pageId="11" pageNumber="114" reason="3">
<emphasis id="B939E905FF89E82C92989206DD72DE6F" bold="true" box="[189,303,553,579]" pageId="11" pageNumber="114">Remarks</emphasis>
</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BF23517FF89E82C92989277DDF8DF0B" blockId="11.[189,1401,600,807]" pageId="11" pageNumber="114">
The new species is similar to
<taxonomicName id="4C4D4E94FF89E82C900A9276DFC9DE5F" authority="Bicha, 2007" authorityName="Bicha" authorityYear="2007" box="[559,916,600,627]" class="Insecta" family="Bittacidae" genus="Bittacus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Mecoptera" pageId="11" pageNumber="114" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="monastyrskiyi">
<emphasis id="B939E905FF89E82C900A9276DEA4DE5E" box="[559,761,600,626]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="114">B. monastyrskiyi</emphasis>
Bicha, 2007
</taxonomicName>
from
<collectingRegion id="4989FBF5FF89E82C91C79277D8E3DE5E" box="[994,1214,600,626]" country="China" name="Guangxi" pageId="11" pageNumber="114">Guangxi Province</collectingRegion>
in appearance, but can be distinguished from the latter by the following features: epandrial appendage elongated into a sinuous lobe (cf. epandrial appendage split medially into two lobes, a short dorsal one and a long ventral one); upper branch of proctiger stout and finger-like with yellow apical hairs (cf. upper branch of proctiger slender, bearing a stout apical spine); aedeagal lobes elongated, broad distally (cf. aedeagal lobes semicircular).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>
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