141 lines
17 KiB
XML
141 lines
17 KiB
XML
<document id="CB96C3BEF347085EFA97C67B6B8E129F" ID="10.11646/zootaxa.4126.3.9" ID-CLB-Dataset="38776" ID-DOI="10.11646/zootaxa.4126.3.9" ID-GBIF-Dataset="68f2ec98-d3c2-47b6-a056-ec2f37bb4943" ID-ISSN="1175-5326" ID-Zenodo-Dep="267313" ID-ZooBank="AD63A2E1-C841-4039-B4CA-902C4FE6D0B3" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1466410073885" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Martens, Jochen" docDate="2016" docId="03D2325FFFB0210D5B8AD8E32C8EF01E" docLanguage="en" docName="zootaxa.4126.3.9.pdf" docOrigin="Zootaxa 4126 (3)" docStyle="DocumentStyle:647186512141C8FC8976D5BCC54AEB7D.9:Zootaxa.2013-.journal_article" docStyleId="647186512141C8FC8976D5BCC54AEB7D" docStyleName="Zootaxa.2013-.journal_article" docStyleVersion="9" docTitle="Sinostoma Martens, 2016, n. gen." docType="treatment" docVersion="8" lastPageNumber="445" masterDocId="FFEB4A27FFB1210C5B1DD9572D4BF659" masterDocTitle="Sinostoma yunnanicum, the first nemastomatine harvestman in China (Arachnida: Opiliones: Nemastomatidae)" masterLastPageNumber="450" masterPageNumber="444" pageNumber="445" updateTime="1698663068008" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
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<mods:titleInfo id="A62491E0C409AB7DBF8D5D9A80B93673">
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<mods:title id="BA15007B4374395773EDCB0274BC8C91">Sinostoma yunnanicum, the first nemastomatine harvestman in China (Arachnida: Opiliones: Nemastomatidae)</mods:title>
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<mods:name id="09B5CB14955D1F18323A5437A8305AA1" type="personal">
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<mods:namePart id="8197E8D4DB5BC67EEB468391D028DF99">Martens, Jochen</mods:namePart>
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<mods:title id="2520EB6CC36DAB6C2758F1784BAC5242">Zootaxa</mods:title>
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<mods:date id="CCE44B2C5B914B6E01D385D4B8917BC2">2016</mods:date>
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<mods:detail id="82333C90E363711E2248F01FE1399E98" type="volume">
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<mods:number id="DD72BD891C5CFCFAD3F75A78D26D4499">4126</mods:number>
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<mods:number id="A46C4A53441C009845DA691DAF3990DA">3</mods:number>
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<mods:identifier id="B1393DCC09C71F484A814339D900BFEE" type="DOI">10.11646/zootaxa.4126.3.9</mods:identifier>
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<treatment id="03D2325FFFB0210D5B8AD8E32C8EF01E" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6076754" ID-GBIF-Taxon="120829127" ID-Zenodo-Dep="6076754" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03D2325FFFB0210D5B8AD8E32C8EF01E" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/03D2325FFFB0210D5B8AD8E32C8EF01E" lastPageNumber="445" pageId="1" pageNumber="445">
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<subSubSection id="C361D0C2FFB0210D5B8AD8E32C24F796" box="[151,367,436,463]" pageId="1" pageNumber="445" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="8BC48349FFB0210D5B8AD8E32C24F796" blockId="1.[151,367,436,463]" box="[151,367,436,463]" pageId="1" pageNumber="445">
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<heading id="D08C3425FFB0210D5B8AD8E32C24F796" bold="true" box="[151,367,436,463]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="1" pageNumber="445" reason="1">
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<emphasis id="B90F5F5BFFB0210D5B8AD8E32C24F796" bold="true" box="[151,367,436,463]" pageId="1" pageNumber="445">
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<taxonomicName id="4C7BF8CAFFB0210D5B8AD8E32C5DF797" ID-CoL="7PZX6" box="[151,278,436,462]" class="Arachnida" family="Nemastomatidae" genus="Sinostoma" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Opiliones" pageId="1" pageNumber="445" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus" status="gen. nov.">
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<emphasis id="B90F5F5BFFB0210D5B8AD8E32C5DF797" bold="true" box="[151,278,436,462]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="445">Sinostoma</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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<taxonomicNameLabel id="A23CE220FFB0210D5A00D8E22C24F796" box="[285,367,437,463]" pageId="1" pageNumber="445" rank="genus">n. gen.</taxonomicNameLabel>
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</emphasis>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C361D0C2FFB0210D5B8AD8AA2EDCF5C2" pageId="1" pageNumber="445" type="materials_examined">
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<paragraph id="8BC48349FFB0210D5B8AD8AA2E12F44B" blockId="1.[151,857,508,530]" box="[151,857,508,530]" pageId="1" pageNumber="445">
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<typeStatus id="54C03DEBFFB0210D5B8AD8AA2D82F44B" box="[151,201,509,530]" pageId="1" pageNumber="445">Type</typeStatus>
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species:
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<taxonomicName id="4C7BF8CAFFB0210D5A3BD8AB2F59F44B" box="[294,530,508,530]" class="Arachnida" family="Nemastomatidae" genus="Sinostoma" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Opiliones" pageId="1" pageNumber="445" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="yunnanicum" status="sp. nov.">
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<emphasis id="B90F5F5BFFB0210D5A3BD8AB2F59F44B" box="[294,530,508,530]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="445">Sinostoma yunnanicum</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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<emphasis id="B90F5F5BFFB0210D5905D8AB2F1AF448" bold="true" box="[536,593,508,529]" pageId="1" pageNumber="445">
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<taxonomicNameLabel id="A23CE220FFB0210D5905D8AB2F1AF448" box="[536,593,508,529]" pageId="1" pageNumber="445" rank="species">n. sp.</taxonomicNameLabel>
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</emphasis>
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(by original designation).
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8BC48349FFB0210D5B8ADB682CF3F423" blockId="1.[151,1437,574,1607]" pageId="1" pageNumber="445">
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A genus of
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<taxonomicName id="4C7BF8CAFFB0210D5A3DDB692C97F40E" box="[288,476,574,599]" class="Arachnida" family="Nemastomatidae" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Opiliones" pageId="1" pageNumber="445" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="family">Nemastomatidae</taxonomicName>
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within the subfamily Nemastomatinae as here defined and comprising one species. Gender of name is neuter.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8BC48349FFB0210D5BDADBD12C69F576" blockId="1.[151,1437,574,1607]" pageId="1" pageNumber="445">Genital morphology: Penis characterized by rather unspecialized truncus, moderately slender, slightly inflated distally; the muscle-bearing basal bulb large, markedly inflated but rather compact, truncus a straight continuation of bulb, the latter not incised medially. Glans small, inconspicuous, short, not well separated from truncus; armament of glans simple with a few stiff spines in a dorsally and ventrally symmetrical arrangement, stylus short and straight.</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8BC48349FFB0210D5BDADA6D2F90F52E" blockId="1.[151,1437,574,1607]" pageId="1" pageNumber="445">Cheliceral apophysis of basal article well-marked but low with a distal-directed hook, secretion area a bowllike excavation on the medial side of the apophysis.</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8BC48349FFB0210D5BDADAD52EDCF5C2" blockId="1.[151,1437,574,1607]" box="[199,919,898,923]" pageId="1" pageNumber="445">Body armed with rows of anvil-like tubercles on the dorsal side.</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C361D0C2FFB0210D5BDADAF12C8EF01E" pageId="1" pageNumber="445" type="distribution">
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<paragraph id="8BC48349FFB0210D5BDADAF12DAAF5BA" blockId="1.[151,1437,574,1607]" pageId="1" pageNumber="445">
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<emphasis id="B90F5F5BFFB0210D5BDADAF12C12F5E6" bold="true" box="[199,345,934,959]" pageId="1" pageNumber="445">Distribution</emphasis>
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. Only one species known from a single locality in northern Yunnan, SW
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<collectingCountry id="F36CC3D9FFB0210D5FAFDAF129BEF5E6" box="[1202,1269,934,959]" name="China" pageId="1" pageNumber="445">China</collectingCountry>
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and described below.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8BC48349FFB0210D5BDADAB82F38F216" blockId="1.[151,1437,574,1607]" pageId="1" pageNumber="445">
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<emphasis id="B90F5F5BFFB0210D5BDADAB82C46F25E" bold="true" box="[199,269,1007,1031]" pageId="1" pageNumber="445">Name</emphasis>
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.
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<emphasis id="B90F5F5BFFB0210D5A03DAB82C00F25F" box="[286,331,1007,1030]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="445">Sin-</emphasis>
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refers to
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<collectingCountry id="F36CC3D9FFB0210D5ADDDAB92F4DF25E" box="[448,518,1006,1031]" name="China" pageId="1" pageNumber="445">China</collectingCountry>
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,
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<emphasis id="B90F5F5BFFB0210D5909DAB82F1CF25F" box="[532,599,1007,1030]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="445">stoma</emphasis>
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Greek mouth; this combination alludes to
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<taxonomicName id="4C7BF8CAFFB0210D5F51DAB8299BF25F" box="[1100,1232,1007,1030]" class="Arachnida" family="Nemastomatidae" genus="Nemastoma" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Opiliones" pageId="1" pageNumber="445" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="B90F5F5BFFB0210D5F51DAB8299BF25F" box="[1100,1232,1007,1030]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="445">Nemastoma</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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, the name-giving genus of
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<taxonomicName id="4C7BF8CAFFB0210D5A19DD452C8FF272" box="[260,452,1042,1067]" class="Arachnida" family="Nemastomatidae" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Opiliones" pageId="1" pageNumber="445" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="family">Nemastomatidae</taxonomicName>
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;
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<emphasis id="B90F5F5BFFB0210D5ACFDD442F44F273" box="[466,527,1043,1066]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="445">nema</emphasis>
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Greek thread, refers to the longish unarmed pedipalps of most species of this family which originate close to the mouth.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8BC48349FFB0210D5BDADD0D2901F312" blockId="1.[151,1437,574,1607]" pageId="1" pageNumber="445">
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<emphasis id="B90F5F5BFFB0210D5BDADD0D2C7CF22A" bold="true" box="[199,311,1114,1139]" pageId="1" pageNumber="445">Relations</emphasis>
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. Rows of anvil-like tubercles forming lines and encircling the dorsal scutum magnum and all or parts of the dorsal scutal areas, probably corresponding to “segments”, are present in several nemastomatine genera and have been documented in
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<taxonomicName id="4C7BF8CAFFB0210D5915DDF42E7AF2E2" authority="Roewer, 1951" authorityName="Roewer" authorityYear="1951" box="[520,817,1186,1211]" class="Arachnida" family="Nemastomatidae" genus="Mitostoma" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Opiliones" pageId="1" pageNumber="445" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="B90F5F5BFFB0210D5915DDF42FCBF2E3" box="[520,640,1187,1210]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="445">Mitostoma</emphasis>
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<bibRefCitation id="EFEAFEB8FFB0210D5990DDF42E7AF2E2" author="Roewer" box="[653,817,1186,1211]" pageId="1" pageNumber="445" refString="Roewer, C. - F. (1951) Uber Nemastomatiden. Weitere Weberknechte XVI. Senckenbergiana biologica, 32, 95 - 153." type="journal article" year="1951">Roewer, 1951</bibRefCitation>
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</taxonomicName>
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,
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<taxonomicName id="4C7BF8CAFFB0210D585EDDF4282DF2E2" authority="Kratochvil, 1958 (Martens 1978)" authorityName="Kratochvil, 1958 (Martens" authorityYear="1978" box="[835,1382,1186,1211]" class="Arachnida" family="Nemastomatidae" genus="Carinostoma" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Opiliones" pageId="1" pageNumber="445" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="B90F5F5BFFB0210D585EDDF42E9EF2E3" box="[835,981,1187,1210]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="445">Carinostoma</emphasis>
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<bibRefCitation id="EFEAFEB8FFB0210D58FFDDF529EDF2E2" author="Kratochvil" box="[994,1190,1186,1211]" pageId="1" pageNumber="445" refString="Kratochvil, J. (1958) Hohlenweberknechte Bulgariens (Palpatores - Nemastomatidae). Prace Brnenske zakladny Ceskoslovenske akademie ved, Brno, 30 (12), 523 - 576." type="journal article" year="1958">Kratochvíl, 1958</bibRefCitation>
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(
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<bibRefCitation id="EFEAFEB8FFB0210D5FA6DDF42815F2E2" author="Martens" box="[1211,1374,1187,1211]" pageId="1" pageNumber="445" refString="Martens, J. (1978) Spinnentiere, Arachnida: Weberknechte, Opiliones. In: Die Tierwelt Deutschlands. 64. VEB G. Fischer, Jena, pp. 1 - 464." type="book chapter" year="1978">Martens 1978</bibRefCitation>
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)
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</taxonomicName>
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and
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<taxonomicName id="4C7BF8CAFFB0210D5B8ADD902FD4F286" authority="Roewer, 1951 (Rambla 1983)" authorityName="Roewer, 1951 (Rambla" authorityYear="1983" box="[151,671,1222,1247]" class="Arachnida" family="Nemastomatidae" genus="Acromitostoma" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Opiliones" pageId="1" pageNumber="445" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="B90F5F5BFFB0210D5B8ADD902C0AF287" box="[151,321,1223,1246]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="445">Acromitostoma</emphasis>
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<bibRefCitation id="EFEAFEB8FFB0210D5A56DD902CA1F286" author="Roewer" box="[331,490,1222,1247]" pageId="1" pageNumber="445" refString="Roewer, C. - F. (1951) Uber Nemastomatiden. Weitere Weberknechte XVI. Senckenbergiana biologica, 32, 95 - 153." type="journal article" year="1951">Roewer, 1951</bibRefCitation>
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(
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<bibRefCitation id="EFEAFEB8FFB0210D5AE6DD912FDCF286" author="Rambla" box="[507,663,1222,1247]" pageId="1" pageNumber="445" refString="Rambla, M. (1983) Sobre los Nemastomatidae (Arachnida, Opiliones) de la Peninsula Iberica. VI. Acromitostoma rhinocerus y Acromitostoma hispanum (nueva combinacion). Speleon, 26 / 27, 21 - 27." type="journal article" year="1983">Rambla 1983</bibRefCitation>
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)
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</taxonomicName>
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and are excessively developed in all New World ortholasmatines. Apparently, these dorsal ornaments represent independent developments, at least when following the (still incomplete) molecular-genetic results of
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<bibRefCitation id="EFEAFEB8FFB0210D5977DC592E8EF37E" author="Schonhofer" box="[618,965,1294,1319]" pageId="1" pageNumber="445" refString="Schonhofer, A. L. & Martens, J. (2012) The enigmatic Alpine opilionid Saccarella schilleri gen. n., sp. n. (Arachnida: Nemastomatidae) - isolated systematic placement inferred from comparative genital morphology. Organisms Diversity & Evolution, 12 (4), 409 - 419. http: // dx. doi. org / 10.1007 / s 13127 - 012 - 0073 - 7" type="journal article" year="2012">Schönhofer & Martens (2012)</bibRefCitation>
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. Two of the relevant genera analyzed are placed at different branches of the molecular-genetic tree and are not closely related.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8BC48349FFB0210D5BDADC012C8EF01E" blockId="1.[151,1437,574,1607]" pageId="1" pageNumber="445">
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Alternatively, this dorsal armament may have been lost at various stages of nemastomatine evolution. This view is backed by the fact that nearly all ortholasmatine genera and species exhibit rich and even more elaborate scutal ornamentation, which is much reduced or even lacking in the few Asian species except for
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<taxonomicName id="4C7BF8CAFFB0210D5E09DCC92F66F382" authority="Zhang & Zhang, 2013" authorityName="Zhang & Zhang" authorityYear="2013" class="Arachnida" family="Nemastomatidae" genus="Cladolasma" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Opiliones" pageId="1" pageNumber="445" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="damingshan">
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<emphasis id="B90F5F5BFFB0210D5E09DCC92C6BF382" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="445">Cladolasma damingshan</emphasis>
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<bibRefCitation id="EFEAFEB8FFB0210D5A37DC952F66F382" author="Zhang" box="[298,557,1474,1499]" pageId="1" pageNumber="445" refString="Zhang, C. & Zhang, F. (2013) Description of a new Cladolasma (Opiliones: Nemastomatidae: Ortholasmatinae) species from China. Zootaxa, 3691 (4), 443 - 452." type="journal article" year="2013">Zhang & Zhang, 2013</bibRefCitation>
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</taxonomicName>
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(
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<bibRefCitation id="EFEAFEB8FFB0210D595DDC952E0AF382" author="Shear" box="[576,833,1474,1499]" pageId="1" pageNumber="445" refString="Shear, W. A. & Gruber, J. (1983) The opilionid subfamily Ortholasmatinae (Opiliones: Troguloidea, Nemastomatidae). American Museum Novitates, 2757, 1 - 65." type="journal article" year="1983">Shear & Gruber 1983</bibRefCitation>
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,
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<bibRefCitation id="EFEAFEB8FFB0210D5852DC952E9EF382" author="Shear" box="[847,981,1474,1499]" pageId="1" pageNumber="445" refString="Shear, W. A. (2010) New species and records of ortholasmatine harvestmen from Mexico, Honduras, and the western United States (Opiliones, Nemastomatidae Ortholasmatinae). ZooKeys, 52, 9 - 45. http: // dx. doi. org / 10.3897 / zookeys. 52.471" type="journal article" year="2010">Shear 2010</bibRefCitation>
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,
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<bibRefCitation id="EFEAFEB8FFB0210D58FEDC9529AEF382" author="Zhang" box="[995,1253,1474,1499]" pageId="1" pageNumber="445" refString="Zhang, C. & Zhang, F. (2013) Description of a new Cladolasma (Opiliones: Nemastomatidae: Ortholasmatinae) species from China. Zootaxa, 3691 (4), 443 - 452." type="journal article" year="2013">Zhang & Zhang 2013</bibRefCitation>
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). Thus, rows of anvil-shaped tubercles may represent a plesiomorphic character of nemastomatid morphology. In addition, equally shaped thorns turn up as coxal-rim denticles in most species. Consequently, this character is not useful to infer phylogenetic relationships.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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</treatment>
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</document> |