293 lines
32 KiB
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293 lines
32 KiB
XML
<document id="EAE161F26222A2E58C62BF2ECED447EE" ID-CLB-Dataset="288370" ID-DOI="10.5252/zoosystema2024v46a2" ID-GBIF-Dataset="21b07f67-d540-4d6f-86fd-af0f84498c5f" ID-ISSN="1638-9387" ID-Zenodo-Dep="10667997" ID-ZooBank="4B49C1D9-1196-4942-969F-2E923B1FC12C" IM.bibliography_approvedBy="jonas" IM.illustrations_approvedBy="jonas" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="jonas" IM.metadata_approvedBy="jonas" IM.tables_approvedBy="jonas" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="jonas" IM.treatmentCitations_approvedBy="jonas" IM.treatments_approvedBy="jonas" checkinTime="1707561373589" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Cupello, Mario" docDate="2024" docId="03C5B216FFF1FFA1DE44FE8D6E51FDC5" docLanguage="en" docName="zoosystema.2024.46.2.pdf" docOrigin="Zoosystema 46 (2)" docSource="https://sciencepress.mnhn.fr/sites/default/files/articles/pdf/zoosystema2024v46a2.pdf" docStyle="DocumentStyle:5CC576F744449C1860B4E72ABD884631.7:Zoosystema.2020-.journal_article" docStyleId="5CC576F744449C1860B4E72ABD884631" docStyleName="Zoosystema.2020-.journal_article" docStyleVersion="7" docTitle="Gromphas amazonica Bates 1870" docType="treatment" docVersion="3" lastPageNumber="45" masterDocId="FFFCCA6EFFE6FFB9DD69FFFA6C63FF8D" masterDocTitle="The genus Gromphas Dejean, 1836 (Coleoptera, Scarabaeinae): nomenclature, distribution, and conservation, including a contribution to the debate on electronic publications in zoology" masterLastPageNumber="59" masterPageNumber="23" pageNumber="44" updateTime="1708028255164" updateUser="ExternalLinkService" zenodo-license-document="CC0-1.0" zenodo-license-figures="CC0-1.0" zenodo-license-treatments="UNSPECIFIED">
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<mods:title id="B8089009FBE937CF59FA16C2EE1B8067">The genus Gromphas Dejean, 1836 (Coleoptera, Scarabaeinae): nomenclature, distribution, and conservation, including a contribution to the debate on electronic publications in zoology</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="D9CA1D125E6B4A7DC31046B67A627CDA">Cupello, Mario</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="466E2DDF9A850105B8ED79CF9199951E">Laboratório de Sistemática e Bioecologia de Coleoptera, Departamento de Zoologia, Universidade Federal do Paraná, Caixa Postal 19020, 81531 - 980, Curitiba, Paraná (Brazil) & Department of Entomology, Texas A & M University, College Station, TX 77843 (United States)</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:nameIdentifier id="62E58D5058C025E6879EA6403BADF435" type="email">mcupello@hotmail.com</mods:nameIdentifier>
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<mods:title id="D49C3CC5FF557D9DDEC7D9CB16399DCE">Zoosystema</mods:title>
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<mods:date id="2F1BC98D26B8DE3529273575031EFB71">2024</mods:date>
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<treatment id="03C5B216FFF1FFA1DE44FE8D6E51FDC5" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10668041" ID-Zenodo-Dep="10668041" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03C5B216FFF1FFA1DE44FE8D6E51FDC5" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/03C5B216FFF1FFA1DE44FE8D6E51FDC5" lastPageId="24" lastPageNumber="45" pageId="23" pageNumber="44">
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<subSubSection id="C376508BFFF1FFAEDE44FE8D696AFE5C" pageId="23" pageNumber="44" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="8BD30300FFF1FFAEDE44FE8D696AFE5C" blockId="23.[813,1304,375,465]" pageId="23" pageNumber="44">
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ON SOME MISLABELLED SPECIMENS OF
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<taxonomicName id="4C6C7883FFF1FFAEDE33FE6D68FAFE3C" ID-CoL="6KSGY" authority="Bates, 1870" authorityName="Bates" authorityYear="1870" box="[858,1177,407,433]" class="Insecta" family="Scarabaeidae" genus="Gromphas" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="23" pageNumber="44" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="amazonica">
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<emphasis id="B918DF12FFF1FFAEDE33FE6D68FAFE3C" box="[858,1177,407,433]" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="44">GROMPHAS AMAZONICA</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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HOUSED IN THE BRUSSELS MUSEUM (RBINS)
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C376508BFFF1FFAEDE44FE0C6969F861" pageId="23" pageNumber="44" type="discussion">
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<paragraph id="8BD30300FFF1FFAEDE44FE0C69D1FA80" blockId="23.[811,1458,502,2028]" pageId="23" pageNumber="44">
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While examining the collection of the Institut royal des Sciences naturelles de
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<collectingCountry id="F37B4390FFF1FFAEDE9AFDEC6830FDBD" box="[1011,1107,534,560]" name="Belgium" pageId="23" pageNumber="44">Belgique</collectingCountry>
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,
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<collectingRegion id="49A8CDE2FFF1FFAED935FDEC68D2FDBD" box="[1116,1201,534,560]" country="Belgium" name="Region de Bruxelles-Capitale" pageId="23" pageNumber="44">Brussels</collectingRegion>
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(
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<collectionCode id="ED7D9BC5FFF1FFAED9D4FDEC6972FDBD" box="[1213,1297,534,560]" country="Belgium" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:35271" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:35271" name="Royal Belgian Institute of Natural Sciences" pageId="23" pageNumber="44" type="Museum">RBINS</collectionCode>
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), for this work, I realised that, quite surprisingly, all the specimens of
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<taxonomicName id="4C6C7883FFF1FFAED83EFDCC6F0CFDFD" class="Insecta" family="Scarabaeidae" genus="Gromphas" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="23" pageNumber="44" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="amazonica">
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<emphasis id="B918DF12FFF1FFAED83EFDCC6F0CFDFD" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="44">G. amazonica</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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housed there either are certainly mislabelled or bear suspicious provenance data.To prevent future misunderstandings and the potential publication of erroneous geographical records, it is relevant to address these specimens here.
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<specimenCount id="9D6AC889FFF1FFAED816FD4C6F09FD62" count="2" pageId="23" pageNumber="44" type="male">Two males</specimenCount>
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gifted along with 759268 other insects to the
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<collectionCode id="ED7D9BC5FFF1FFAED836FD2C69CCFD7D" box="[1375,1455,726,752]" country="Belgium" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:35271" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:35271" name="Royal Belgian Institute of Natural Sciences" pageId="23" pageNumber="44" type="Museum">RBINS</collectionCode>
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in 1939 or before (one with accession number 12.595) and originating from the collection of the French insect dealer Eugène Le Moult (1882-1967) bear information saying they were collected in the municipality of Uberaba, state of
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<collectingRegion id="49A8CDE2FFF1FFAED802FCAF6F10FC02" country="Brazil" name="Minas Gerais" pageId="23" pageNumber="44">Minas Gerais</collectingRegion>
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, in central
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<collectingCountry id="F37B4390FFF1FFAEDE87FC8F684FFC02" box="[1006,1068,885,911]" name="Brazil" pageId="23" pageNumber="44">Brazil</collectingCountry>
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and within the Cerrado ecoregion. A series of
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<specimenCount id="9D6AC889FFF1FFAEDECBFC6F6878FC22" box="[930,1051,917,943]" count="3" pageId="23" pageNumber="44" type="male">three males</specimenCount>
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and
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<specimenCount id="9D6AC889FFF1FFAED93BFC6F6881FC22" box="[1106,1250,917,943]" count="7" pageId="23" pageNumber="44" type="female">seven females</specimenCount>
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from the same gift (same accession number) are labelled as if coming from the town of Muzo, in the Colombian department of Boyacá, and within the Magdalena Valley. Finally, a male and a female, these from a lot of 26488 insects acquired by the
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<collectionCode id="ED7D9BC5FFF1FFAED84EFBEE6915FBA3" box="[1319,1398,1044,1070]" country="Belgium" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:35271" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:35271" name="Royal Belgian Institute of Natural Sciences" pageId="23" pageNumber="44" type="Museum">RBINS</collectionCode>
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from J. J. Gillet on
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<date id="FFD225C0FFF1FFAEDED5FBCE681DFBC2" box="[956,1150,1076,1103]" pageId="23" pageNumber="44" value="1935-10-05">5th October 1935</date>
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(accession number 10.640), are said to have been caught in
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<collectingCountry id="F37B4390FFF1FFAED904FBAF68AFFBE2" box="[1133,1228,1109,1135]" name="Paraguay" pageId="23" pageNumber="44">Paraguay</collectingCountry>
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without further data. Since, based on trustworthy data,
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<taxonomicName id="4C6C7883FFF1FFAED9E0FB8E6975FB03" box="[1161,1302,1140,1166]" class="Insecta" family="Scarabaeidae" genus="Gromphas" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="23" pageNumber="44" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="amazonica">
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<emphasis id="B918DF12FFF1FFAED9E0FB8E6975FB03" box="[1161,1302,1140,1166]" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="44">G. amazonica</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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is known only from localities along the Huallaga, Pisqui, Ucayali, Juruá, and Amazon Rivers, in the Amazon rainforest (
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<bibRefCitation id="EFFD7EF1FFF1FFAED852FB4E6863FB63" author="Cupello & Vaz-de-Mello" firstAuthor="Cupello" pageId="23" pageNumber="44" pagination="439 - 482" refId="ref30610" refString="CUPELLO M. & VAZ-DE-MELLO F. Z. 2013. - Taxonomic revision of the South American dung beetle genus Gromphas Brulle, 1837 (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae: Scarabaeinae: Phanaeini: Gromphadina). Zootaxa 3722 (4): 439 - 482. https: // doi. org / 10.11646 / zootaxa. 3722.4.2" type="journal article" year="2013">Cupello & Vaz-de-Mello 2013</bibRefCitation>
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,
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<bibRefCitation id="EFFD7EF1FFF1FFAED979FB29682BFB63" author="Cupello & Vaz-de-Mello" box="[1040,1096,1235,1262]" firstAuthor="Cupello" pageId="23" pageNumber="44" pagination="943 - 969" refId="ref30727" refString="CUPELLO M. & VAZ-DE-MELLO F. Z. 2015. - A new species and the phylogeny of the South American genus Gromphas Brulle, 1837 (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae: Scarabaeinae: Phanaeini). Journal of Natural History electronic-only detached version: 1 - 27. [publication data for nomenclatural purposes: 12 th October 2015 (information available at the journal's website: https: // doi. org / 1 0.1080 / 00222933.2015.1091099)] [volume-integrated version published in 2016 - on or after 15 th March, the day it was sent to print (Henrietta Thomson, Taylor & Francis Group, personal communication to MC, 6 th February 2020) -, as volume 50 (15 - 16): 943 - 969] https: // doi. org / 10.1080 / 00222933.2015.1091099" type="journal article" year="2015">2015</bibRefCitation>
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; see
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<figureCitation id="13571F85FFF1FFAED9E8FB2E68A1FB63" box="[1153,1218,1235,1262]" captionStart="FIG" captionStartId="12.[132,143,1490,1508]" captionTargetBox="[134,1450,216,1445]" captionTargetId="figure-280@12.[696,1274,780,1360]" captionTargetPageId="12" captionText="FIG. 5. — Updated distribution map of the six species of Gromphas. Data retrieved from Cupello & Vaz-de-Mello (2013, 2015), Damborsky et al. (2015), Cajaiba et al. (2017), Gámez & Acconcia (2018), Alonso et al. (2019), Uchoa & Rodrigues (2019), Bitencourt et al. (2019), Noriega et al. (2021), and the material examined for this work." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10668011" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10668011/files/figure.png" pageId="23" pageNumber="44">Fig. 5</figureCitation>
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), these three records, all of which lying outside that area, are most likely incorrect.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8BD30300FFF1FFAEDE2BFAEE6969F861" blockId="23.[811,1458,502,2028]" pageId="23" pageNumber="44">
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<bibRefCitation id="EFFD7EF1FFF1FFAEDE2BFAEE6F88FAA3" author="Janssens" box="[834,1003,1300,1326]" firstAuthor="Janssens" pageId="23" pageNumber="44" pagination="1 - 7" refId="ref33216" refString="JANSSENS A. 1940. - Contribution a l'Etude des Coleopteres lamellicornes coprophages. II. - ̿ emarques sur quelques Phanaeides. Bulletin du Musee Royal d'Histoire Naturelle de Belgique 16 (34): 1 - 7." type="journal article" year="1940">Janssens (1940)</bibRefCitation>
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examined the two Gillett specimens supposedly from
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<collectingCountry id="F37B4390FFF1FFAEDEAFFACE6844FAC3" box="[966,1063,1332,1358]" name="Paraguay" pageId="23" pageNumber="44">Paraguay</collectingCountry>
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and considered that they indicated that
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<taxonomicName id="4C6C7883FFF1FFAEDE36FAAE6F8CFAE0" box="[863,1007,1364,1390]" class="Insecta" family="Scarabaeidae" genus="Gromphas" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="23" pageNumber="44" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="amazonica">
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<emphasis id="B918DF12FFF1FFAEDE36FAAE6F8CFAE0" box="[863,1007,1364,1390]" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="44">G. amazonica</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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is much more widely distributed than its previously thought Amazonian restriction (e.g., in
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<bibRefCitation id="EFFD7EF1FFF1FFAED85FFA8E69CAFA00" author="Bates" box="[1334,1449,1395,1422]" firstAuthor="Bates" pageId="23" pageNumber="44" pagination="173 - 180" refId="ref29185" refString="BATES H. W. 1870. - On a new genus and some new species of Copridae (Coleoptera-Lamellicornia). The Transactions of the Entomological Society of London 18: 173 - 180. [publication date for nomenclatural purposes: 30 th June 1870 (dated ' June' on the article's first page; I follow Article 21.3. 1 of the Code to determine the precise day of publication for nomenclatural purposes)] https: // www. biodiversitylibrary. org / page / 14719377" type="journal article" year="1870">Bates 1870</bibRefCitation>
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; d’Olsoufieff 1924). In my opinion, he was wrong in accepting the label content at face value. In regard to the Muzo (
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<collectingCountry id="F37B4390FFF1FFAEDE5FFA296FC4FA60" box="[822,935,1491,1517]" name="Colombia" pageId="23" pageNumber="44">Colombia</collectingCountry>
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) record, which could be argued to be the least improbable given the strong biotic influence from Amazonia in the
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<collectingRegion id="49A8CDE2FFF1FFAEDE1FF9E86F8EF9A1" box="[886,1005,1554,1580]" country="Colombia" name="Magdalena" pageId="23" pageNumber="44">Magdalena</collectingRegion>
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Valley, Alejandro Lopera (personal communication to
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<collectionCode id="ED7D9BC5FFF1FFAEDEB9F9C96F9CF9C0" box="[976,1023,1587,1613]" country="0" name="Museo de Cipolleti" pageId="23" pageNumber="44">MC</collectionCode>
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,
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<date id="FFD225C0FFF1FFAED964F9C868BEF9C0" box="[1037,1245,1586,1613]" pageId="23" pageNumber="44" value="2020-02-07">7th February 2020</date>
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), a specialist in the Colombian dung beetle fauna, informed me that the area near Muzo and the rest of the
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<collectingRegion id="49A8CDE2FFF1FFAED954F98868D1F901" box="[1085,1202,1650,1676]" country="Colombia" name="Magdalena" pageId="23" pageNumber="44">Magdalena</collectingRegion>
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River Basin ‘have been well sampled, so if it were a correct location it should have been reported by now’ (see, e.g.,
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<bibRefCitation id="EFFD7EF1FFF1FFAED9F3F9486909F941" author="Medina" box="[1178,1386,1714,1740]" etAl="et al." firstAuthor="Medina" pageId="23" pageNumber="44" refId="ref34079" refString="MEDINA C. A. C., MEDINA-URIBE C. A., QUINTERO B. G. M., ESCOBAR-VILLA A. F., CHUAIRE L. M. C. & POSADA N. J. B. 2012. - Escarabajos coprofagos (Scarabaeinae) del eje cafetero: Guia para el estudio ecologico. Anonymous editor, Villa Maria, 196 p." type="book" year="2012">
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Medina
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<emphasis id="B918DF12FFF1FFAED99DF949694AF941" box="[1268,1321,1714,1740]" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="44">et al.</emphasis>
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2012
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</bibRefCitation>
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). This strengthens my confidence that the Muzo record is indeed incorrect. It is noteworthy, however, that
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<taxonomicName id="4C6C7883FFF1FFAED998F908691CF881" baseAuthorityName="Perty" baseAuthorityYear="1830" box="[1265,1407,1778,1804]" class="Insecta" family="Scarabaeidae" genus="Gromphas" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="23" pageNumber="44" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="aeruginosa">
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<emphasis id="B918DF12FFF1FFAED998F908691CF881" box="[1265,1407,1778,1804]" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="44">G. aeruginosa</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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, the other typically Amazonian species of
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<taxonomicName id="4C6C7883FFF1FFAED9C0F8E86973F8A1" authorityName=", Dejean" authorityYear="1836" box="[1193,1296,1810,1836]" class="Insecta" family="Scarabaeidae" genus="Gromphas" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="23" pageNumber="44" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="B918DF12FFF1FFAED9C0F8E86973F8A1" box="[1193,1296,1810,1836]" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="44">Gromphas</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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, is known from reliable specimens to have been collected at least three times between 1979 and 1982 at a locality in the upper
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<collectingRegion id="49A8CDE2FFF1FFAED853F8AB69CCF8E6" box="[1338,1455,1873,1899]" country="Colombia" name="Magdalena" pageId="23" pageNumber="44">Magdalena</collectingRegion>
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Valley, the Colombian town of Gigante (
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<collectingRegion id="49A8CDE2FFF1FFAED98DF88B6947F806" box="[1252,1316,1905,1931]" country="Colombia" name="Huila" pageId="23" pageNumber="44">Huila</collectingRegion>
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) (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFFD7EF1FFF1FFAED855F88B6863F826" author="Cupello & Vaz-de-Mello" firstAuthor="Cupello" pageId="23" pageNumber="44" pagination="439 - 482" refId="ref30610" refString="CUPELLO M. & VAZ-DE-MELLO F. Z. 2013. - Taxonomic revision of the South American dung beetle genus Gromphas Brulle, 1837 (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae: Scarabaeinae: Phanaeini: Gromphadina). Zootaxa 3722 (4): 439 - 482. https: // doi. org / 10.11646 / zootaxa. 3722.4.2" type="journal article" year="2013">Cupello & Vaz-de-Mello 2013</bibRefCitation>
|
||
). Therefore, if, against my expectation,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C6C7883FFF1FFAEDE47F8486FA2F846" box="[814,961,1970,1996]" class="Insecta" family="Scarabaeidae" genus="Gromphas" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="23" pageNumber="44" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="amazonica">
|
||
<emphasis id="B918DF12FFF1FFAEDE47F8486FA2F846" box="[814,961,1970,1996]" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="44">G. amazonica</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
does prove to be present there, it will not be unprecedented for an Amazonian
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C6C7883FFF1FFAED9F3F82B6960F866" authorityName=", Dejean" authorityYear="1836" box="[1178,1283,2001,2027]" class="Insecta" family="Scarabaeidae" genus="Gromphas" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="23" pageNumber="44" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B918DF12FFF1FFAED9F3F82B6960F866" box="[1178,1283,2001,2027]" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="44">Gromphas</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C376508BFFFEFFA1DDEDFF226E51FDC5" pageId="24" pageNumber="45" type="materials_examined">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BD30300FFFEFFA1DDEDFF226D55FED4" blockId="24.[131,775,215,584]" pageId="24" pageNumber="45">
|
||
<smallCapsWord id="8D3595DCFFFEFFA1DDEDFF226C84FF63" baselines="233,234" box="[132,231,216,239]" lowerCaseFontSize="7" mainFontSize="10" normCase="title" normString="Material" pageId="24" pageNumber="45">
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED7D9BC5FFFEFFA1DDEDFF226C84FF63" box="[132,231,216,239]" pageId="24" pageNumber="45">MATERIAL</collectionCode>
|
||
</smallCapsWord>
|
||
<smallCapsWord id="8D3595DCFFFEFFA1DD84FF276D32FF63" baselines="234" box="[237,337,221,238]" lowerCaseFontSize="7" mainFontSize="10" normCase="lower" normString="examined" pageId="24" pageNumber="45">
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED7D9BC5FFFEFFA1DD84FF276D32FF63" box="[237,337,221,238]" pageId="24" pageNumber="45">EXAMINED</collectionCode>
|
||
</smallCapsWord>
|
||
.
|
||
<emphasis id="B918DF12FFFEFFA1DC35FF226DD7FF7C" bold="true" box="[348,436,216,241]" pageId="24" pageNumber="45">
|
||
—
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F37B4390FFFEFFA1DC13FF236DD7FF7C" box="[378,436,217,241]" name="Brazil" pageId="24" pageNumber="45">Brazil</collectingCountry>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
<collectingRegion id="49A8CDE2FFFEFFA1DCD6FF236E66FF7C" box="[447,517,217,241]" country="Brazil" name="Amapa" pageId="24" pageNumber="45">
|
||
<emphasis id="B918DF12FFFEFFA1DCD6FF236E66FF7C" bold="true" box="[447,517,217,241]" pageId="24" pageNumber="45">Amapá</emphasis>
|
||
</collectingRegion>
|
||
<emphasis id="B918DF12FFFEFFA1DF62FF226E76FF7D" bold="true" box="[523,533,216,240]" pageId="24" pageNumber="45">•</emphasis>
|
||
<materialsCitation id="3B04095DFFFEFFA1DF73FF226E25FEAB" collectingDate="1981-11-26" collectionCode="MPEG" collectorName="I. S. Gorayeb" country="Brazil" pageId="24" pageNumber="45" specimenCount="2" specimenCount-female="1" specimenCount-male="1" stateProvince="Amapa">
|
||
<specimenCount id="9D6AC889FFFEFFA1DF73FF226E5DFF7E" box="[538,574,216,243]" count="1" pageId="24" pageNumber="45" type="male">1 ♂</specimenCount>
|
||
[genitalia dissected],
|
||
<specimenCount id="9D6AC889FFFEFFA1DDEAFF086CC5FE80" box="[131,166,242,269]" count="1" pageId="24" pageNumber="45" type="female">1 ♀</specimenCount>
|
||
;
|
||
<collectorName id="269966D6FFFEFFA1DDDCFF086D66FE87" box="[181,261,242,266]" pageId="24" pageNumber="45">Macapá</collectorName>
|
||
, BR-156,
|
||
<collectorName id="269966D6FFFEFFA1DC07FF086DF0FE84" box="[366,403,242,265]" pageId="24" pageNumber="45">Km</collectorName>
|
||
14;
|
||
<date id="FFD225C0FFFEFFA1DCAAFF086E54FE87" box="[451,567,242,266]" pageId="24" pageNumber="45" value="1981-11-26">
|
||
<collectingDate id="EF96DC28FFFEFFA1DCAAFF086E54FE87" box="[451,567,242,266]" pageId="24" pageNumber="45" value="1981-11-26">26.XI.1981</collectingDate>
|
||
</date>
|
||
[in cow dung];
|
||
<collectorName id="269966D6FFFEFFA1DFB5FF086CBAFEA9" pageId="24" pageNumber="45">I. S. Gorayeb</collectorName>
|
||
and team leg.;
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED7D9BC5FFFEFFA1DC07FEF76DDBFEA8" box="[366,440,269,293]" collectionName="Brazil, Para, Belem, Museu Paraense Emilio Goeldi" country="Brazil" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/90vz-swjg" name="Museu Paraense Emilio Goeldi" pageId="24" pageNumber="45">MPEG</collectionCode>
|
||
. —
|
||
<emphasis id="B918DF12FFFEFFA1DC89FEF46E25FEAB" bold="true" box="[480,582,270,294]" pageId="24" pageNumber="45">Amazonas</emphasis>
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
<emphasis id="B918DF12FFFEFFA1DF22FEF76E36FEA8" bold="true" box="[587,597,269,293]" pageId="24" pageNumber="45">•</emphasis>
|
||
<materialsCitation id="3B04095DFFFEFFA1DF32FEF76D51FED4" collectingDate="1955-09" collectionCode="DZUP" collectorName="I. C. Lima" country="Brazil" pageId="24" pageNumber="45" specimenCount="1" specimenCount-male="1" stateProvince="Amapa">
|
||
<specimenCount id="9D6AC889FFFEFFA1DF32FEF76E1EFEA5" box="[603,637,269,296]" count="1" pageId="24" pageNumber="45" type="male">1♂</specimenCount>
|
||
[genitalia dissected];
|
||
<collectorName id="269966D6FFFEFFA1DDBBFEDD6DF0FEB2" box="[210,403,295,319]" pageId="24" pageNumber="45">Benjamin Constant</collectorName>
|
||
;
|
||
<date id="FFD225C0FFFEFFA1DCF5FEDD6D93FEB2" box="[412,496,295,319]" pageId="24" pageNumber="45" value="1955-09">
|
||
<collectingDate id="EF96DC28FFFEFFA1DCF5FEDD6D93FEB2" box="[412,496,295,319]" pageId="24" pageNumber="45" value="1955-09">IX.1955</collectingDate>
|
||
</date>
|
||
;
|
||
<collectorName id="269966D6FFFEFFA1DC90FEDD6E3FFEB2" box="[505,604,295,319]" pageId="24" pageNumber="45">I. C. Lima</collectorName>
|
||
leg.; ex
|
||
<collectorName id="269966D6FFFEFFA1DFCEFEDD6F64FEB2" box="[679,775,295,319]" pageId="24" pageNumber="45">Alvarenga</collectorName>
|
||
collection;
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED7D9BC5FFFEFFA1DD87FEB86D51FED4" box="[238,306,322,345]" collectionName="Brazil, Parana, Curitiba, Universidade Federal do Parana, Museu de Entomologia Pe. Jesus Santiago Moure" country="Brazil" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/5xp9-edpx" name="Universidade Federal do Parana, Colecao de Entomologia Pe. Jesus Santiago Moure" pageId="24" pageNumber="45" type="University or college">DZUP</collectionCode>
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BD30300FFFEFFA1DDEDFEA66F65FE03" blockId="24.[131,775,215,584]" pageId="24" pageNumber="45">
|
||
<emphasis id="B918DF12FFFEFFA1DDEDFEA66CD4FEF9" bold="true" box="[132,183,348,372]" pageId="24" pageNumber="45">
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F37B4390FFFEFFA1DDEDFEA66CD4FEF9" box="[132,183,348,372]" name="Peru" pageId="24" pageNumber="45">Peru</collectingCountry>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
<emphasis id="B918DF12FFFEFFA1DDA7FEA66D7AFEF9" bold="true" box="[206,281,348,372]" pageId="24" pageNumber="45">
|
||
<collectingRegion id="49A8CDE2FFFEFFA1DDA7FEA66D7AFEF9" box="[206,281,348,372]" country="Peru" name="Loreto" pageId="24" pageNumber="45">Loreto</collectingRegion>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
•
|
||
<materialsCitation id="3B04095DFFFEFFA1DC56FEA66F65FE03" collectingDate="2001-12" collectionCode="TAMU" collectorName="Contamana & Erroneous" country="Peru" location="Ucayali" pageId="24" pageNumber="45" specimenCount="5" specimenCount-female="2" specimenCount-male="3" stateProvince="Ucayali">
|
||
<specimenCount id="9D6AC889FFFEFFA1DC56FEA66D05FEFA" box="[319,358,348,375]" count="3" pageId="24" pageNumber="45" type="male">3 ♂</specimenCount>
|
||
[all with genitalia dissected],
|
||
<specimenCount id="9D6AC889FFFEFFA1DFB0FEA66E9CFEFA" box="[729,767,348,375]" count="2" pageId="24" pageNumber="45" type="female">2 ♀</specimenCount>
|
||
;
|
||
<collectingRegion id="49A8CDE2FFFEFFA1DDEDFE8C6CBEFE03" box="[132,221,374,398]" country="Peru" name="Ucayali" pageId="24" pageNumber="45">Ucayali</collectingRegion>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectorName id="269966D6FFFEFFA1DD99FE8C6D14FE03" box="[240,375,374,398]" pageId="24" pageNumber="45">Contamana</collectorName>
|
||
;
|
||
<date id="FFD225C0FFFEFFA1DCE2FE8C6D94FE03" box="[395,503,374,398]" pageId="24" pageNumber="45" value="2001-12">
|
||
<collectingDate id="EF96DC28FFFEFFA1DCE2FE8C6D94FE03" box="[395,503,374,398]" pageId="24" pageNumber="45" value="2001-12">XII.2001</collectingDate>
|
||
</date>
|
||
; no collector;
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED7D9BC5FFFEFFA1DFC6FE8C6F61FE03" box="[687,770,374,398]" collectionName="USA, Texas, College Station, Texas A & M University" country="USA" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:14193" name="Texas A&amp;M University" pageId="24" pageNumber="45" type="Herbarium">TAMU</collectionCode>
|
||
.
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BD30300FFFEFFA1DDEDFE6B6E51FDC5" blockId="24.[131,775,215,584]" pageId="24" pageNumber="45">
|
||
<emphasis id="B918DF12FFFEFFA1DDEDFE6B6D7BFE25" bold="true" box="[132,280,400,424]" italics="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="45">Erroneous data</emphasis>
|
||
:
|
||
<materialsCitation id="3B04095DFFFEFFA1DC4AFE686E70FE53" collectionCode="RBINS" collectorName="Uberaba & Le Moult" country="Brazil" location="Minas Gerais" pageId="24" pageNumber="45" specimenCount="2" specimenCount-male="2" stateProvince="Minas Gerais">
|
||
<emphasis id="B918DF12FFFEFFA1DC4AFE686D3EFE27" bold="true" box="[291,349,402,426]" pageId="24" pageNumber="45">
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F37B4390FFFEFFA1DC4AFE686D3EFE27" box="[291,349,402,426]" name="Brazil" pageId="24" pageNumber="45">Brazil</collectingCountry>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
. —
|
||
<emphasis id="B918DF12FFFEFFA1DCEEFE686E79FE24" bold="true" box="[391,538,401,426]" pageId="24" pageNumber="45">
|
||
<collectingRegion id="49A8CDE2FFFEFFA1DCEEFE686E68FE27" box="[391,523,402,426]" country="Brazil" name="Minas Gerais" pageId="24" pageNumber="45">Minas Gerais</collectingRegion>
|
||
•
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
<specimenCount id="9D6AC889FFFEFFA1DF76FE6B6E20FE21" box="[543,579,401,428]" count="2" pageId="24" pageNumber="45" type="male">2 ♂</specimenCount>
|
||
[both with genitalia dissected];
|
||
<collectorName id="269966D6FFFEFFA1DD98FE516D24FE4E" box="[241,327,427,451]" pageId="24" pageNumber="45">Uberaba</collectorName>
|
||
; no further data; ex
|
||
<collectorName id="269966D6FFFEFFA1DF79FE566E0DFE4E" box="[528,622,427,451]" pageId="24" pageNumber="45">Le Moult</collectorName>
|
||
collection (one with accession number 12.595);
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED7D9BC5FFFEFFA1DCAEFE3C6E70FE53" box="[455,531,454,478]" country="Belgium" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:35271" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:35271" name="Royal Belgian Institute of Natural Sciences" pageId="24" pageNumber="45" type="Museum">RBINS</collectionCode>
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
. —
|
||
<materialsCitation id="3B04095DFFFEFFA1DF57FE3D6CB3FDA0" collectionCode="RBINS" collectorName="Occidente & Muzo" country="Colombia" location="Boyaca" pageId="24" pageNumber="45" specimenCount="10" specimenCount-female="7" specimenCount-male="3" stateProvince="Boyaca">
|
||
<emphasis id="B918DF12FFFEFFA1DF57FE3D6EC1FE52" bold="true" box="[574,674,455,479]" pageId="24" pageNumber="45">
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F37B4390FFFEFFA1DF57FE3D6EC1FE52" box="[574,674,455,479]" name="Colombia" pageId="24" pageNumber="45">Colombia</collectingCountry>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
<emphasis id="B918DF12FFFEFFA1DFC6FE3D6E95FE52" bold="true" box="[687,758,455,479]" pageId="24" pageNumber="45">
|
||
<collectingRegion id="49A8CDE2FFFEFFA1DFC6FE3D6E95FE52" box="[687,758,455,479]" country="Colombia" name="Boyaca" pageId="24" pageNumber="45">Boyacá</collectingRegion>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
•
|
||
<specimenCount id="9D6AC889FFFEFFA1DDEDFE1A6CCBFE76" box="[132,168,480,507]" count="3" pageId="24" pageNumber="45" type="male">3 ♂</specimenCount>
|
||
[all with genitalia dissected],
|
||
<specimenCount id="9D6AC889FFFEFFA1DCAAFE1B6D87FE76" box="[451,484,481,507]" count="7" pageId="24" pageNumber="45" type="female">7 ♀</specimenCount>
|
||
;
|
||
<collectorName id="269966D6FFFEFFA1DC99FE1A6E3BFE75" box="[496,600,480,504]" pageId="24" pageNumber="45">Occidente</collectorName>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectorName id="269966D6FFFEFFA1DF09FE1B6EFFFE75" box="[608,668,481,504]" pageId="24" pageNumber="45">Muzo</collectorName>
|
||
; no further data; ex
|
||
<collectorName id="269966D6FFFEFFA1DDB1FE016D56FD9F" box="[216,309,506,530]" pageId="24" pageNumber="45">Le Moult</collectorName>
|
||
collection (all with accession number 12.595);
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED7D9BC5FFFEFFA1DDEDFDEF6CB3FDA0" box="[132,208,533,557]" country="Belgium" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:35271" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:35271" name="Royal Belgian Institute of Natural Sciences" pageId="24" pageNumber="45" type="Museum">RBINS</collectionCode>
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
. —
|
||
<materialsCitation id="3B04095DFFFEFFA1DD9EFDEF6E4DFDC5" collectionCode="RBINS" collectorName="Gillet" country="Paraguay" location="Paraguay" pageId="24" pageNumber="45" specimenCount="2" specimenCount-female="1" specimenCount-male="1">
|
||
<emphasis id="B918DF12FFFEFFA1DD9EFDEF6D31FDA0" bold="true" box="[247,338,533,557]" pageId="24" pageNumber="45">
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F37B4390FFFEFFA1DD9EFDEF6D31FDA0" box="[247,338,533,557]" name="Paraguay" pageId="24" pageNumber="45">
|
||
<collectingRegion id="49A8CDE2FFFEFFA1DD9EFDEF6D31FDA0" box="[247,338,533,557]" country="Paraguay" name="Asuncion" pageId="24" pageNumber="45">Paraguay</collectingRegion>
|
||
</collectingCountry>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
•
|
||
<specimenCount id="9D6AC889FFFEFFA1DC0EFDEF6DE8FDBD" box="[359,395,533,560]" count="1" pageId="24" pageNumber="45" type="male">1 ♂</specimenCount>
|
||
,
|
||
<specimenCount id="9D6AC889FFFEFFA1DCFEFDEF6DDBFDBD" box="[407,440,533,560]" count="1" pageId="24" pageNumber="45" type="female">1 ♀</specimenCount>
|
||
; no further data; ex J. J.
|
||
<collectorName id="269966D6FFFEFFA1DFCCFDEF6EBFFDA0" box="[677,732,533,557]" pageId="24" pageNumber="45">Gillet</collectorName>
|
||
collection (accession number 10.640);
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED7D9BC5FFFEFFA1DC8BFDCA6E4DFDC5" box="[482,558,560,584]" country="Belgium" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:35271" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:35271" name="Royal Belgian Institute of Natural Sciences" pageId="24" pageNumber="45" type="Museum">RBINS</collectionCode>
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |