160 lines
19 KiB
XML
160 lines
19 KiB
XML
<document id="66D036798979B46716502F1C290767E4" ID-CLB-Dataset="67690" ID-DOI="10.5281/zenodo.6623649" ID-GBIF-Dataset="5be7e52f-9b9c-4c03-99ed-f346bbcde1d0" ID-ISBN="978-84-941892-3-4" ID-Zenodo-Dep="6623649" IM.illustrations_requiresApprovalFor="plazi" IM.metadata_requiresApprovalFor="plazi" IM.taxonomicNames_requiresApprovalFor="plazi" checkinTime="1654607780702" checkinUser="carolina" docAuthor="Don E. Wilson, Thomas E. Lacher, Jr & Russell A. Mittermeier" docDate="2016" docId="03C5A071FFE4FFD0FF7A538C5C43F7BD" docLanguage="en" docName="hbmw_6_Echimyidae_0552.pdf.imf" docOrigin="Handbook of the Mammals of the World – Volume 6 Lagomorphs and Rodents I, Barcelona: Lynx Edicions" docTitle="Trinomys eliasi" docType="treatment" docVersion="16" lastPageNumber="561" masterDocId="FFFCD809FFEDFFD9FFBC58095A61FF94" masterDocTitle="Echimyidae" masterLastPageNumber="604" masterPageNumber="552" pageNumber="561" updateTime="1699339014676" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
|
||
<mods:mods id="0FBDBF7B63006109BDA42AC8EE6B85C7" xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
|
||
<mods:titleInfo id="AFA43C30280B78D731434401DBE25CAE">
|
||
<mods:title id="04587D301A8F6363F81EA40B9C46CA33">Echimyidae</mods:title>
|
||
</mods:titleInfo>
|
||
<mods:name id="007332CBF5E51F1BCE078CAC14D28C58" type="personal">
|
||
<mods:role id="BE62852323E3CC6E73C7A428FAFD388C">
|
||
<mods:roleTerm id="0FAB5B5F647DADF918B6F796F32B5508">Author</mods:roleTerm>
|
||
</mods:role>
|
||
<mods:namePart id="9D6C6FF279A4603C60DB952CD523D397">Don E. Wilson</mods:namePart>
|
||
</mods:name>
|
||
<mods:name id="6D6570F411812E6A8D1295269F864410" type="personal">
|
||
<mods:role id="04FA74F79964B550D4C8C54DD7B6D412">
|
||
<mods:roleTerm id="5202FDE9DBEB78709334F0508FD298C0">Author</mods:roleTerm>
|
||
</mods:role>
|
||
<mods:namePart id="F7579CEB4D3BA8C98436E77310D3AE91">Thomas E. Lacher, Jr</mods:namePart>
|
||
</mods:name>
|
||
<mods:name id="99730B23B0601FE0EF2A0A4432E4727B" type="personal">
|
||
<mods:role id="4D9034F0511F7D0B486F0556C26F7703">
|
||
<mods:roleTerm id="5C22461B65D0661C8469E638EC99DEF8">Author</mods:roleTerm>
|
||
</mods:role>
|
||
<mods:namePart id="1D8F3EDA4D0F27D2112D7029921076ED">Russell A. Mittermeier</mods:namePart>
|
||
</mods:name>
|
||
<mods:typeOfResource id="D685FABA435B55C92E36D23C8B6D3DB3">text</mods:typeOfResource>
|
||
<mods:relatedItem id="1F5ADBDBDCF294C023C97CE35E8D0B5E" type="host">
|
||
<mods:originInfo id="90477E0608796D72ADE2DA2DA0A0ADA1">
|
||
<mods:dateIssued id="2276EE7E9F48E15AC8D3191544D41F8F">2016</mods:dateIssued>
|
||
<mods:dateOther id="F428E6AC90677E1FEFF511B663DA7A04" type="pubDate">2016-07-31</mods:dateOther>
|
||
<mods:publisher id="E47470F38393D77EC90885529CAED93F">Lynx Edicions</mods:publisher>
|
||
<mods:place id="C96D305569D7A2E82934A2630B56BB84">
|
||
<mods:placeTerm id="D9983CB4D18E2B465AB1C236F68D4BBE">Barcelona</mods:placeTerm>
|
||
</mods:place>
|
||
</mods:originInfo>
|
||
<mods:titleInfo id="400926D6FBE476718C97CACCC18DA275">
|
||
<mods:title id="B8AA407BA220416A60627CF4635D46AA">Handbook of the Mammals of the World – Volume 6 Lagomorphs and Rodents I</mods:title>
|
||
</mods:titleInfo>
|
||
<mods:part id="8056B62D114DEB619B173BD6A16B1F4D">
|
||
<mods:extent id="DAEC618DC31983091A23887F8F51956B" unit="page">
|
||
<mods:start id="EF7F7C58E2F06CCD4E6781006201DE57">552</mods:start>
|
||
<mods:end id="C13385593EB183EEA9F6304978C34454">604</mods:end>
|
||
</mods:extent>
|
||
</mods:part>
|
||
</mods:relatedItem>
|
||
<mods:classification id="9989BA00FA892B939F8E60CC9AC2CB92">book chapter</mods:classification>
|
||
<mods:identifier id="4F1C8069FFC6804C0CC4F18ECC0AC082" type="CLB-Dataset">67690</mods:identifier>
|
||
<mods:identifier id="7204FEF086B9BDAC2A686236C93D93CA" type="DOI">10.5281/zenodo.6623649</mods:identifier>
|
||
<mods:identifier id="8D76E7AC4BEBF6E068AE683B2D5CE76C" type="GBIF-Dataset">5be7e52f-9b9c-4c03-99ed-f346bbcde1d0</mods:identifier>
|
||
<mods:identifier id="5C572F6CF94E7471EF06E4478163D7E0" type="ISBN">978-84-941892-3-4</mods:identifier>
|
||
<mods:identifier id="04BF01100C28649AD1C47C67F9AF5B2B" type="Zenodo-Dep">6623649</mods:identifier>
|
||
</mods:mods>
|
||
<treatment id="03C5A071FFE4FFD0FF7A538C5C43F7BD" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6620151" ID-GBIF-Taxon="195810026" ID-Zenodo-Dep="6620151" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03C5A071FFE4FFD0FF7A538C5C43F7BD" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/03C5A071FFE4FFD0FF7A538C5C43F7BD" lastPageNumber="561" pageId="9" pageNumber="561">
|
||
<subSubSection id="C37642ECFFE4FFD0FF7A538C5A9DF427" box="[198,252,2949,2995]" pageId="9" pageNumber="561" type="multiple">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BD31167FFE4FFD0FF7A538C5A9DF427" blockId="9.[192,1179,2949,3075]" box="[198,252,2949,2995]" pageId="9" pageNumber="561">
|
||
<heading id="D09BA60BFFE4FFD0FF7A538C5A9DF427" box="[198,252,2949,2995]" pageId="9" pageNumber="561">
|
||
<figureCitation id="13570DE2FFE4FFD0FF7A538C5A9DF427" box="[198,252,2949,2995]" captionStart="Plate 35: Echimyidae" captionStartId="8.[107,137,3323,3348]" captionTargetBox="[14,2758,14,3643]" captionTargetPageId="7" captionText="12. Broad-headed Spiny-rat (Clyomys laticeps), 13. Guiara (Euryzygomatomys spinosus), 14. White-spined Spiny-rat (Irinomys albispinus), 15. Elias’s Spiny-rat (Trinomys eliasi), 16. Rigid-spined Atlantic Spiny-rat (Trinomys paratus), 17. Yonenaga’s Spiny-rat (Trinomys yonenagae), 18. Elegant-spined Atlantic Spiny-rat (Trinomys setosus), 19. Moojen’s Spiny-rat (Trinomys moojeni), 20. Pau Brasil Spiny-rat (Trinomys mirapitanga), 21. Rio de Janeiro Spiny-rat (Trinomys dimidiatus), 22. Sao Paulo Spiny-rat (Trinomys thering), 23. Gracile Atlantic Spiny-rat (Trinomys gratiosus), 24. Sao Lourenco Punare (Thrichomys laurentius), 25. Jacobina Punare (Thrichomys inermis), 26. Lagoa Santa Punare (Thrichomys apereoides), 27. Pantanal Punare (Thrichomys pachyurus), 28. Foster’s Punare (Thrichomys fosteri), 29. Painted Tree-rat (Callistomys pictus), 30. Coypu (Myocastor coypus), 31. Armored Rat (Hoplomys gymnurus)" figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6623784" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6623784/files/figure.png" pageId="9" pageNumber="561">15.</figureCitation>
|
||
</heading>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C37642ECFFE4FFD0FEB0538C582EF427" box="[268,591,2949,2995]" pageId="9" pageNumber="561" type="vernacular_names">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BD31167FFE4FFD0FEB0538C582EF427" blockId="9.[192,1179,2949,3075]" box="[268,591,2949,2995]" pageId="9" pageNumber="561">
|
||
<heading id="D09BA60BFFE4FFD0FEB0538C582EF427" box="[268,591,2949,2995]" pageId="9" pageNumber="561">
|
||
<vernacularName id="056F6149FFE4FFD0FEB0538C582EF427" box="[268,591,2949,2995]" pageId="9" pageNumber="561">Elias’s Spiny-rat</vernacularName>
|
||
</heading>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C37642ECFFE4FFD0FD3A538C59FBF427" box="[646,922,2949,2995]" pageId="9" pageNumber="561" type="nomenclature">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BD31167FFE4FFD0FD3A538C59FBF427" blockId="9.[192,1179,2949,3075]" box="[646,922,2949,2995]" pageId="9" pageNumber="561">
|
||
<heading id="D09BA60BFFE4FFD0FD3A538C59FBF427" box="[646,922,2949,2995]" pageId="9" pageNumber="561">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C6C6AE4FFE4FFD0FD3A538C59FBF427" ID-CoL="58VMC" baseAuthorityName="Pessoa & dos Reis" baseAuthorityYear="1993" box="[646,922,2949,2995]" class="Mammalia" family="Echimyidae" genus="Trinomys" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rodentia" pageId="9" pageNumber="561" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="eliasi">
|
||
<emphasis id="B918CD75FFE4FFD0FD3A538C59FBF427" box="[646,922,2949,2995]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="561">Trinomys eliasi</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
</heading>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C37642ECFFE4FFD0FF7E53CF58CCF395" pageId="9" pageNumber="561" type="vernacular_names">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BD31167FFE4FFD0FF7E53CF5EFBF44F" blockId="9.[192,1179,2949,3075]" box="[194,1178,3014,3035]" pageId="9" pageNumber="561">
|
||
<heading id="D09BA60BFFE4FFD0FF7E53CF5EFBF44F" box="[194,1178,3014,3035]" pageId="9" pageNumber="561">
|
||
<emphasis id="B918CD75FFE4FFD0FF7E53CF5B6FF44F" bold="true" box="[194,270,3014,3035]" pageId="9" pageNumber="561">French:</emphasis>
|
||
<vernacularName id="056F6149FFE4FFD0FEA453CF5BB5F44F" box="[280,468,3014,3035]" pageId="9" pageNumber="561">Rat-épineux d'Elias</vernacularName>
|
||
/
|
||
<emphasis id="B918CD75FFE4FFD0FE5653CF5822F44F" bold="true" box="[490,579,3014,3035]" pageId="9" pageNumber="561">German:</emphasis>
|
||
<vernacularName id="056F6149FFE4FFD0FDF253CF5921F44F" box="[590,832,3014,3035]" pageId="9" pageNumber="561">Elias-Atlantikstachelratte</vernacularName>
|
||
/
|
||
<emphasis id="B918CD75FFE4FFD0FCEA53CF59D1F44F" bold="true" box="[854,944,3014,3035]" pageId="9" pageNumber="561">Spanish:</emphasis>
|
||
<vernacularName id="056F6149FFE4FFD0FC0753CF5EFBF44F" box="[955,1178,3014,3035]" pageId="9" pageNumber="561">Rata espinosa de Elias</vernacularName>
|
||
</heading>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BD31167FFE4FFD0FF7D53E558CCF395" blockId="9.[192,1179,2949,3075]" box="[193,685,3052,3073]" pageId="9" pageNumber="561">
|
||
<heading id="D09BA60BFFE4FFD0FF7D53E558CCF395" box="[193,685,3052,3073]" pageId="9" pageNumber="561">
|
||
<emphasis id="B918CD75FFE4FFD0FF7D53E55BD8F395" bold="true" box="[193,441,3052,3073]" pageId="9" pageNumber="561">Other common names:</emphasis>
|
||
<vernacularName id="056F6149FFE4FFD0FE7F53E558CCF395" box="[451,685,3052,3073]" pageId="9" pageNumber="561">Elias’s Atlantic Spiny-rat</vernacularName>
|
||
</heading>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C37642ECFFE4FFD0FF7D543E59D7F3C4" box="[193,950,3127,3152]" pageId="9" pageNumber="561" type="reference_group">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BD31167FFE4FFD0FF7D543E59D7F3C4" blockId="9.[192,1397,3126,3474]" box="[193,950,3127,3152]" pageId="9" pageNumber="561">
|
||
<emphasis id="B918CD75FFE4FFD0FF7D543E5B3DF3C4" bold="true" box="[193,348,3127,3152]" pageId="9" pageNumber="561">Taxonomy.</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C6C6AE4FFE4FFD0FED1543E59D0F3C4" authority="Pessoa & dos Reis, 1993" authorityName="Pessoa & dos Reis" authorityYear="1993" box="[365,945,3127,3152]" class="Mammalia" family="Echimyidae" genus="Proechimys" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rodentia" pageId="9" pageNumber="561" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="eliasi">Proechimys eliasi Pessoa & dos Reis, 1993</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C37642ECFFE4FFD0FC7B543E5E39F3EC" pageId="9" pageNumber="561" type="materials_examined">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BD31167FFE4FFD0FC7B543E5E39F3EC" blockId="9.[192,1397,3126,3474]" pageId="9" pageNumber="561">
|
||
<materialsCitation id="3B041B3AFFE4FFD0FC7B543E5E39F3EC" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3804303324" pageId="9" pageNumber="561">“Restinga da Barra de Marica (22°31’S, 47°17°'W), Municipio de Marica, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.”</materialsCitation>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C37642ECFFE4FFD0FF7A54775943F2F7" pageId="9" pageNumber="561" type="discussion">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BD31167FFE4FFD0FF7A54775943F2F7" blockId="9.[192,1397,3126,3474]" pageId="9" pageNumber="561">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C6C6AE4FFE4FFD0FF7A54775BE2F30B" baseAuthorityName="Pessoa & Reis" baseAuthorityYear="1993" box="[198,387,3198,3231]" class="Mammalia" family="Echimyidae" genus="Trinomys" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rodentia" pageId="9" pageNumber="561" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="eliasi">Trinomys eliasi</taxonomicName>
|
||
was originally placed in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C6C6AE4FFE4FFD0FD5B54775911F30B" authorityName="J. A. Allen" authorityYear="1899" box="[743,880,3198,3231]" class="Mammalia" family="Echimyidae" genus="Proechimys" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rodentia" pageId="9" pageNumber="561" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">Proechimys</taxonomicName>
|
||
and subsequently listed as a species in the subgenus
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C6C6AE4FFE4FFD0FE0B54A05848F352" authorityName=" Thomas" authorityYear="1921" box="[439,553,3241,3270]" class="Mammalia" family="Echimyidae" genus="Trinomys" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rodentia" pageId="9" pageNumber="561" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">Trinomys</taxonomicName>
|
||
; first use of current name combination was by M. C. Lara and colleagues in 1996. Three reciprocally monophyletic mtDNA clades have been identified, with estimated temporal splits in the early Pleistocene (c.2-1 million years ago) and late Pleistocene (c.0-6 million years ago), suggesting that recognition of additional taxa may be warranted. Monotypic.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C37642ECFFE4FFD0FF7D556759FBF21F" box="[193,922,3438,3467]" pageId="9" pageNumber="561" type="distribution">
|
||
<caption id="DF1341EFFFE4FFD0FF7D556759FBF21F" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6623685" ID-Zenodo-Dep="6623685" box="[193,922,3438,3467]" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6623685/files/figure.png" inLine="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="561" targetBox="[1467,2058,288,702]" targetPageId="9">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BD31167FFE4FFD0FF7D556759FBF21F" blockId="9.[192,1397,3126,3474]" box="[193,922,3438,3467]" pageId="9" pageNumber="561">
|
||
<emphasis id="B918CD75FFE4FFD0FF7D55675B11F21F" bold="true" box="[193,368,3438,3467]" pageId="9" pageNumber="561">Distribution.</emphasis>
|
||
SE Brazil, E & NE Rio de Janeiro State.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C37642ECFFE4FFD0F79E59125DF4FBE3" pageId="9" pageNumber="561" type="description">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BD31167FFE4FFD0F79E59125DF4FBE3" blockId="9.[2082,2674,283,710]" lastBlockId="9.[1467,2675,716,2089]" pageId="9" pageNumber="561">Descriptive notes. Head-body 170- 244 mm, tail 150-220 mm; weight 100- 290 g. Dorsum of Elias’s Spiny-rat is ocherous buff, finely lined with blackish brown; it gradually becomes paler on sides and contrasts sharply with white venter. Tail is bicolored, brownish above and white below, averaging 90% of head-body length; it lacks conspicuous pencil of elongated hairs at its tip. Dorsal aristiform hairs are narrow and soft, imparting soft rather than spiny appearance to fur. Setiform hairs on mid-dorsum are whitish basally, gradually blackening toward tips but interrupted by ocherous-full sub-distal zone; those on outer thighs are whitish on basal one-half and become gradually grayish in middle and light ocherous buff along distal one-third, often with blackish tips. Skull is elongated and slender, without conspicuous ridges, and averages 51-7 mm. Auditory bullae are small, smooth, elongated, and not inflated. Elias’s Spiny-rat is uniquely distinguished from conspecifics by combination of lack of differentiated light-colored pelage on outer thighs, posteriorly wide incisive foramina with complete and columnar septum that is especially thick and wide across maxillary part, primarily squamosal contribution to post-orbital processes of zygoma, and karyotype with 2n = 60, FN = 116 and without dot-like supernumerary elements.</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C37642ECFFE4FFD0FA015C775C2AFAF0" pageId="9" pageNumber="561" type="biology_ecology">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BD31167FFE4FFD0FA015C775C2AFAF0" blockId="9.[1467,2675,716,2089]" pageId="9" pageNumber="561">
|
||
Habitat. Prefers semideciduous and evergreen moist forests in the Atlantic Forest, most commonly on forest floor in dense, vine undergrowth and in and around fallen trees and complex tree roots. Elias’s Spiny-rat also occurs exclusively in forest patches within coastal sandy lowlands at sea level, otherwise characterized by open vegetation dominated by species of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C6C6AE4FFE4FFD0F8AA5D155DC6FAA9" box="[1814,1959,1308,1341]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Myrtaceae" kingdom="Plantae" order="Myrtales" pageId="9" pageNumber="561" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="family">Myrtaceae</taxonomicName>
|
||
, Erythoxilaceae,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C6C6AE4FFE4FFD0F7245D15533BFAA9" box="[2200,2394,1308,1341]" class="Liliopsida" family="Bromeliaceae" kingdom="Plantae" order="Poales" pageId="9" pageNumber="561" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="family">Bromeliaceae</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C6C6AE4FFE4FFD0F6D55D155396FAA9" box="[2409,2551,1308,1341]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Cactaceae" kingdom="Plantae" order="Caryophyllales" pageId="9" pageNumber="561" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="family">Cactaceae</taxonomicName>
|
||
, and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C6C6AE4FFE4FFD0F5F95D155C26FAF0" authorityName="R.Brown" authorityYear="1814" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Mimosaceae" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" order="Fabales" pageId="9" pageNumber="561" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="family">Mimosaceae</taxonomicName>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C37642ECFFE4FFD0FA015D635C7EFA4D" pageId="9" pageNumber="561" type="food_feeding">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BD31167FFE4FFD0FA015D635C7EFA4D" blockId="9.[1467,2675,716,2089]" pageId="9" pageNumber="561">Food and Feeding. There is no specific information available for this species, but Elias’s Spiny-rat probably feeds on various plant materials, including fruit and seeds, and insects.</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C37642ECFFE4FFD0FA015DE8528EF9BD" pageId="9" pageNumber="561" type="breeding">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BD31167FFE4FFD0FA015DE8528EF9BD" blockId="9.[1467,2675,716,2089]" pageId="9" pageNumber="561">Breeding. Elias’s Spiny-rats reproduce throughout the year, except in April, with the largest proportion of sexually active individuals in January.</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C37642ECFFE4FFD0FA075E265C2CF9E3" pageId="9" pageNumber="561" type="activity">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BD31167FFE4FFD0FA075E265C2CF9E3" blockId="9.[1467,2675,716,2089]" pageId="9" pageNumber="561">Activity patterns. Elias’s Spiny-rat is reported to be crepuscular but probably is also nocturnal.</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C37642ECFFE4FFD0FA015E77530DF97A" pageId="9" pageNumber="561" type="biology_ecology">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BD31167FFE4FFD0FA015E77530DF97A" blockId="9.[1467,2675,716,2089]" pageId="9" pageNumber="561">Movements, Home range and Social organization. Few data are available for Elias’s Spiny-rat, but females and juveniles are occasionally captured in the same trap, suggesting that young may follow their mothers during foraging bouts.</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C37642ECFFE4FFD0FA015EFD5DBBF826" pageId="9" pageNumber="561" type="conservation">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BD31167FFE4FFD0FA015EFD5DBBF826" blockId="9.[1467,2675,716,2089]" pageId="9" pageNumber="561">Status and Conservation. Classified as Endangered on The IUCN Red List. Elias’s Spinyrat has a small and highly fragmented distribution, in which extent and quality of habitat continues to decline. It occurs at only three known localities, and only one apparently affords sufficient protection. Continued habitat destruction is the major conservation threat to Elias’s Spiny-rat.</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C37642ECFFE4FFD0FA015FCB5C43F7BD" pageId="9" pageNumber="561" type="bibRefCitation_list">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BD31167FFE4FFD0FA015FCB5C43F7BD" blockId="9.[1467,2675,716,2089]" pageId="9" pageNumber="561">Bibliography. Allen (1899a), Brito & Figueiredo (2003), Davis (1945a, 1945b, 1947), Glnther (1877a), Lara et al. (1996), Moojen (1948), Pessba & dos Reis (1993), Pessba, Tavares, de Oliveira & Patton (2015), Tavares et al. (2015).</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |