318 lines
26 KiB
XML
318 lines
26 KiB
XML
<document ID-DOI="10.5281/zenodo.272951" ID-GBIF-Dataset="e2c88f4c-3ac2-45f9-95e4-99b75561a081" ID-ISSN="1175-5326" ID-Zenodo-Dep="272951" ID-ZooBank="6D68A019-6F63-4AA4-A8B3-92D351F1F69B" checkinTime="1484409208030" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Van, Rob W. M." docDate="2017" docId="03A8001077F0FF05FF14A68692CDFD32" docLanguage="en" docName="zootaxa.4217.1.1.pdf.imf" docOrigin="Zootaxa 1" docStyle="DocumentStylede.uka.ipd.idaho.easyIO.settings.Settings@5ce3343f" docStyleName="zootaxa.2013.monograph" docTitle="Cervicornia cuspidifera Lamarck 1815" docType="treatment" docVersion="19" lastPageNumber="170" masterDocId="FF9178687757FFACFF83A36B907DFF9A" masterDocTitle="Sponges of the Guyana Shelf" masterLastPageNumber="225" masterPageNumber="1" pageNumber="168" updateTime="1645784257244" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
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<mods:mods xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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<mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:title>Sponges of the Guyana Shelf</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Van, Rob W. M.</mods:namePart>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:typeOfResource>text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:relatedItem type="host">
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<mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:title>Zootaxa</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:part>
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<mods:date>2017</mods:date>
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||
<mods:detail type="issue">
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<mods:number>1</mods:number>
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</mods:detail>
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<mods:extent unit="page">
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<mods:start>1</mods:start>
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<mods:end>225</mods:end>
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</mods:extent>
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</mods:part>
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</mods:relatedItem>
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<mods:classification>journal article</mods:classification>
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<mods:identifier type="DOI">10.5281/zenodo.272951</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="GBIF-Dataset">e2c88f4c-3ac2-45f9-95e4-99b75561a081</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="ISSN">1175-5326</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="Zenodo-Dep">272951</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="ZooBank">6D68A019-6F63-4AA4-A8B3-92D351F1F69B</mods:identifier>
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</mods:mods>
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<treatment ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5698730" ID-GBIF-Taxon="127419777" ID-Zenodo-Dep="5698730" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03A8001077F0FF05FF14A68692CDFD32" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/03A8001077F0FF05FF14A68692CDFD32" lastPageId="169" lastPageNumber="170" pageId="167" pageNumber="168">
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<subSubSection pageId="167" pageNumber="168" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph blockId="167.[151,651,1517,1577]" box="[151,651,1517,1543]" pageId="167" pageNumber="168">
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<heading bold="true" box="[151,651,1517,1543]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="167" pageNumber="168" reason="1">
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<taxonomicName authority="Lamarck, 1815" authorityName="Lamarck" authorityYear="1815" box="[151,651,1517,1543]" class="Demospongiae" family="Clionaidae" genus="Cervicornia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hadromerida" pageId="167" pageNumber="168" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="cuspidifera">
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<emphasis bold="true" box="[151,651,1517,1543]" pageId="167" pageNumber="168">
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<emphasis bold="true" box="[151,436,1517,1543]" italics="true" pageId="167" pageNumber="168">Cervicornia cuspidifera</emphasis>
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(
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<bibRefCitation author="Lamarck" box="[452,643,1517,1543]" pageId="167" pageNumber="168" refString="Lamarck, J. B. P. De Monet, Comte De (1815) [1814]. Suite des polypiers empates. Memoires du Museum d'Histoire naturelle, Paris, 1, 69 - 80, 162 - 168, 331 - 340." type="journal article" year="1815">Lamarck, 1815</bibRefCitation>
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)
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</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph blockId="167.[151,651,1517,1577]" box="[151,324,1552,1577]" pageId="167" pageNumber="168">Figures 105a–d</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="167" pageNumber="168" type="reference_group">
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<paragraph blockId="167.[151,1437,1624,1799]" box="[151,615,1624,1646]" pageId="167" pageNumber="168">
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<treatmentCitationGroup box="[151,615,1624,1646]" pageId="167" pageNumber="168">
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<taxonomicName authority="Lamarck, 1815: 168" authorityName="Lamarck" authorityPageNumber="168" authorityYear="1815" box="[151,610,1624,1646]" class="Anthozoa" family="Alcyoniidae" genus="Alcyonium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Alcyonacea" pageId="167" pageNumber="168" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="cuspidiferum">
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<emphasis box="[151,397,1624,1646]" italics="true" pageId="167" pageNumber="168">Alcyonium cuspidiferum</emphasis>
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<treatmentCitation author="Lamarck" box="[404,610,1624,1646]" page="168" pageId="167" pageNumber="168" year="1815">
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<bibRefCitation author="Lamarck" box="[404,560,1624,1646]" pageId="167" pageNumber="168" refString="Lamarck, J. B. P. De Monet, Comte De (1815) [1814]. Suite des polypiers empates. Memoires du Museum d'Histoire naturelle, Paris, 1, 69 - 80, 162 - 168, 331 - 340." type="journal article" year="1815">Lamarck, 1815</bibRefCitation>
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: 168
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</treatmentCitation>
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</taxonomicName>
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.
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</treatmentCitationGroup>
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||
</paragraph>
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<paragraph blockId="167.[151,1437,1624,1799]" box="[151,585,1654,1676]" pageId="167" pageNumber="168">
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<treatmentCitationGroup box="[151,585,1654,1676]" pageId="167" pageNumber="168">
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<taxonomicName box="[151,390,1654,1676]" class="Demospongiae" family="Spirastrellidae" genus="Spirastrella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hadromerida" pageId="167" pageNumber="168" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="cuspidifera">
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<emphasis box="[151,390,1654,1676]" italics="true" pageId="167" pageNumber="168">Spirastrella cuspidifera</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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;
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<treatmentCitation author="Topsent" box="[403,581,1654,1676]" page="41" pageId="167" pageNumber="168" year="1933">
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<bibRefCitation author="Topsent" box="[403,544,1654,1676]" pageId="167" pageNumber="168" refString="Topsent, E. (1933) Eponges de Lamarck conservees au Museum de Paris. Fin. Archives du Museum national d'histoire naturelle, Paris, (6) 10, 1 - 60." type="journal article" year="1933">Topsent 1933</bibRefCitation>
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: 41
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</treatmentCitation>
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.
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</treatmentCitationGroup>
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph blockId="167.[151,1437,1624,1799]" pageId="167" pageNumber="168">
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<treatmentCitationGroup pageId="167" pageNumber="168">
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<taxonomicName box="[151,370,1686,1707]" class="Demospongiae" family="Petrosiidae" genus="Xestospongia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Haplosclerida" pageId="167" pageNumber="168" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="tierneyi">
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<emphasis box="[151,370,1686,1707]" italics="true" pageId="167" pageNumber="168">Xestospongia tierneyi</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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;
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<treatmentCitation author="Wiedenmayer" box="[383,632,1685,1707]" page="117" pageId="167" pageNumber="168" year="1977">
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<bibRefCitation author="Wiedenmayer" box="[383,584,1685,1707]" pageId="167" pageNumber="168" refString="Wiedenmayer, F. (1977) Shallow-water sponges of the western Bahamas. Experientia Supplementum, 28, 1 - 287." type="journal article" year="1977">Wiedenmayer 1977</bibRefCitation>
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: 117
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</treatmentCitation>
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, pl. 15 fig. 3, text-fig. 130 (Not:
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<taxonomicName authority="De Laubenfels, 1953: 534" authorityName="De Laubenfels" authorityPageNumber="534" authorityYear="1953" box="[959,1392,1685,1707]" class="Demospongiae" family="Clionaidae" genus="Prianos" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Clionaida" pageId="167" pageNumber="168" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="tierneyi">
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<emphasis box="[959,1122,1686,1707]" italics="true" pageId="167" pageNumber="168">Prianos tierneyi</emphasis>
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<treatmentCitation author="De" box="[1128,1392,1685,1707]" page="534" pageId="167" pageNumber="168" year="1953">
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<bibRefCitation author="De" box="[1128,1342,1685,1707]" pageId="167" pageNumber="168" refString="De Laubenfels, M. W. (1953) Sponges from the Gulf of Mexico. Bulletin of Marine Science of the Gulf and Caribbean, 2 (3), 511 - 557." type="journal article" year="1953">De Laubenfels, 1953</bibRefCitation>
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: 534
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</treatmentCitation>
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</taxonomicName>
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, fig. 10 =
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<taxonomicName box="[251,523,1716,1738]" class="Demospongiae" family="Clionaidae" genus="Spheciospongia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hadromerida" pageId="167" pageNumber="168" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="vesparium">
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<emphasis box="[251,523,1716,1738]" italics="true" pageId="167" pageNumber="168">Spheciospongia vesparium</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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)
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</treatmentCitationGroup>
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph blockId="167.[151,1437,1624,1799]" box="[151,1278,1747,1769]" pageId="167" pageNumber="168">
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<treatmentCitationGroup box="[151,1278,1747,1769]" pageId="167" pageNumber="168">
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<taxonomicName box="[151,431,1747,1769]" class="Demospongiae" family="Clionaidae" genus="Spheciospongia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hadromerida" pageId="167" pageNumber="168" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="cuspidifera">
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<emphasis box="[151,431,1747,1769]" italics="true" pageId="167" pageNumber="168">Spheciospongia cuspidifera</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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;
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<treatmentCitation author="Pulitzer-Finali" box="[445,689,1747,1769]" page="94" pageId="167" pageNumber="168" year="1986">
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<bibRefCitation author="Pulitzer-Finali" box="[445,651,1747,1769]" pageId="167" pageNumber="168" refString="Pulitzer-Finali, G. (1986) A collection of West Indian Demospongiae (Porifera). In appendix, a list of the Demospongiae hitherto recorded from the West Indies. Annali del Museo civico di storia naturale Giacomo Doria, 86, 65 - 216." type="journal article" year="1986">Pulitzer-Finali 1986</bibRefCitation>
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: 94
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</treatmentCitation>
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, figs 22–23;
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<treatmentCitation author="Vicente" box="[820,1065,1747,1769]" page="217" pageId="167" pageNumber="168" year="1991">
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<bibRefCitation author="Vicente" box="[820,1014,1747,1769]" pageId="167" pageNumber="168" refString="Vicente, V. P., Rutzler, K. & Carballeira, N. M. (1991) Comparative morphology, ecology, and fatty acid composition of West Indian Spheciospongia (Demospongea). Marine Ecology, 12 (3), 211 - 226." type="journal article" year="1991">
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Vicente
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<emphasis box="[903,955,1747,1769]" italics="true" pageId="167" pageNumber="168">et al.</emphasis>
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1991
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</bibRefCitation>
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: 217
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</treatmentCitation>
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;
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<treatmentCitation author="Rutzler" box="[1076,1274,1747,1769]" page="1393" pageId="167" pageNumber="168" year="1997">
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<bibRefCitation author="Rutzler" box="[1076,1210,1747,1769]" pageId="167" pageNumber="168" refString="Rutzler, K. (1997) The role of psammobiontic sponges in the reef community. Proceedings of the 8 th International Coral Reef Symposium, 2, 1393 - 1398." type="journal article" year="1997">Rützler 1997</bibRefCitation>
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: 1393
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</treatmentCitation>
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.
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||
</treatmentCitationGroup>
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||
</paragraph>
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||
<paragraph blockId="167.[151,1437,1624,1799]" box="[151,1235,1777,1799]" pageId="167" pageNumber="168">
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||
<treatmentCitationGroup box="[151,1235,1777,1799]" pageId="167" pageNumber="168">
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||
<taxonomicName box="[151,393,1777,1799]" class="Demospongiae" family="Clionaidae" genus="Cervicornia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hadromerida" pageId="167" pageNumber="168" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="cuspidifera">
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<emphasis box="[151,393,1777,1799]" italics="true" pageId="167" pageNumber="168">Cervicornia cuspidifera</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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||
;
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<treatmentCitation author="Rutzler" box="[407,701,1777,1799]" page="342" pageId="167" pageNumber="168" year="2000">
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<bibRefCitation author="Rutzler" box="[407,651,1777,1799]" pageId="167" pageNumber="168" refString="Rutzler, K. & Hooper, J. N. A. (2000) Two new genera of hadromerid sponges (Porifera, Demospongiae). Zoosystema, 22 (2), 337 - 344." type="journal article" year="2000">Rützler & Hooper 2000</bibRefCitation>
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: 342
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||
</treatmentCitation>
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||
; Rützler 2002: 174, figs 1–2; Muricy
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<emphasis box="[1083,1134,1777,1799]" italics="true" pageId="167" pageNumber="168">et al.</emphasis>
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2011: 64.
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</treatmentCitationGroup>
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||
</paragraph>
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||
</subSubSection>
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||
<subSubSection pageId="167" pageNumber="168" type="materials_examined">
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||
<paragraph blockId="167.[151,1437,1844,2013]" pageId="167" pageNumber="168">
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||
<materialsCitation ID-GBIF-Occurrence="1424726559" collectingDate="1970-09-05" collectionCode="RMNH" country="Guyana" elevation="65" latitude="7.7" location="Material" longLatPrecision="7821" longitude="-57.5" pageId="167" pageNumber="168" specimenCount="1">
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||
<emphasis bold="true" box="[151,385,1844,1869]" pageId="167" pageNumber="168">
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||
<location LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03A8001077F0FF05FF14A68692CDFD32:8EDEE7DD77F0FF0BFF14A45F9082F8D7" box="[151,255,1844,1869]" country="Guyana" latitude="7.7" longLatPrecision="7821" longitude="-57.5" name="Material" pageId="167" pageNumber="168">Material</location>
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examined.
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</emphasis>
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<collectionCode box="[394,478,1845,1868]" country="Netherlands" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34992" name="National Museum of Natural History, Naturalis" pageId="167" pageNumber="168">RMNH</collectionCode>
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Por. 6306,
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<collectingCountry box="[610,700,1844,1868]" name="Guyana" pageId="167" pageNumber="168">Guyana</collectingCountry>
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, ‘Luymes’
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<collectingCountry box="[829,916,1844,1868]" name="Guyana" pageId="167" pageNumber="168">Guyana</collectingCountry>
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Shelf Expedition, station 107,
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<geoCoordinate box="[1270,1336,1844,1868]" direction="north" orientation="latitude" pageId="167" pageNumber="168" precision="5555" value="7.7">7.7°N</geoCoordinate>
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<geoCoordinate box="[1345,1432,1844,1869]" direction="west" orientation="longitude" pageId="167" pageNumber="168" precision="5555" value="-57.5">57.5°W</geoCoordinate>
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, depth
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<quantity box="[223,285,1880,1905]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="6.5" pageId="167" pageNumber="168" unit="m" value="65.0">
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||
<elevation box="[223,285,1880,1905]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="6.5" pageId="167" pageNumber="168" unit="m" value="65.0">65 m</elevation>
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</quantity>
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, muddy sand bottom with shells,
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<date box="[678,892,1880,1905]" pageId="167" pageNumber="168" value="1970-09-05">
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<collectingDate box="[678,892,1880,1905]" pageId="167" pageNumber="168" value="1970-09-05">5 September 1970</collectingDate>
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||
</date>
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||
</materialsCitation>
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||
;
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<materialsCitation ID-GBIF-Occurrence="1424726571" collectingDate="1970-08-31" collectionCode="RMNH" country="Guyana" elevation="51" latitude="7.4167" location="Guyana" longLatPrecision="7" longitude="-57.1333" pageId="167" pageNumber="168" specimenCount="1">
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||
<collectionCode box="[905,989,1881,1904]" country="Netherlands" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34992" name="National Museum of Natural History, Naturalis" pageId="167" pageNumber="168">RMNH</collectionCode>
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Por. 9815,
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<collectingCountry box="[1126,1216,1880,1904]" name="Guyana" pageId="167" pageNumber="168">Guyana</collectingCountry>
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, ‘Luymes’
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<collectingCountry box="[1349,1436,1880,1904]" name="Guyana" pageId="167" pageNumber="168">Guyana</collectingCountry>
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||
Shelf Expedition, station 68,
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||
<geoCoordinate box="[477,586,1916,1941]" direction="north" orientation="latitude" pageId="167" pageNumber="168" precision="5" value="7.4167">7.4167°N</geoCoordinate>
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||
<geoCoordinate box="[592,721,1916,1941]" direction="west" orientation="longitude" pageId="167" pageNumber="168" precision="5" value="-57.1333">57.1333°W</geoCoordinate>
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||
, depth
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||
<quantity box="[801,860,1916,1941]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.1" pageId="167" pageNumber="168" unit="m" value="51.0">
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||
<elevation box="[801,860,1916,1941]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.1" pageId="167" pageNumber="168" unit="m" value="51.0">51 m</elevation>
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||
</quantity>
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, muddy sand bottom,
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<date box="[1108,1289,1916,1940]" pageId="167" pageNumber="168" value="1970-08-31">
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<collectingDate box="[1108,1289,1916,1940]" pageId="167" pageNumber="168" value="1970-08-31">31 August 1970</collectingDate>
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||
</date>
|
||
</materialsCitation>
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||
;
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||
<materialsCitation ID-GBIF-Occurrence="1424726566" collectingDate="1970-09-02" collectionCode="RMNH" country="Guyana" elevation="59" latitude="7.5667" location="Guyana" longLatPrecision="7" longitude="-57.2667" pageId="167" pageNumber="168" specimenCount="1">
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||
<collectionCode box="[1301,1385,1917,1940]" country="Netherlands" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34992" name="National Museum of Natural History, Naturalis" pageId="167" pageNumber="168">RMNH</collectionCode>
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||
Por. 9830,
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||
<collectingCountry box="[220,310,1952,1976]" name="Guyana" pageId="167" pageNumber="168">Guyana</collectingCountry>
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, ‘Luymes’
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||
<collectingCountry box="[437,524,1952,1976]" name="Guyana" pageId="167" pageNumber="168">Guyana</collectingCountry>
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||
Shelf Expedition, station 87,
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||
<geoCoordinate box="[857,966,1952,1977]" direction="north" orientation="latitude" pageId="167" pageNumber="168" precision="5" value="7.5667">7.5667°N</geoCoordinate>
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||
<geoCoordinate box="[972,1101,1952,1977]" direction="west" orientation="longitude" pageId="167" pageNumber="168" precision="5" value="-57.2667">57.2667°W</geoCoordinate>
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||
, depth
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||
<quantity box="[1181,1240,1952,1977]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.9" pageId="167" pageNumber="168" unit="m" value="59.0">
|
||
<elevation box="[1181,1240,1952,1977]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.9" pageId="167" pageNumber="168" unit="m" value="59.0">59 m</elevation>
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||
</quantity>
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||
, bottom sand and shells,
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||
<date box="[229,436,1988,2013]" pageId="167" pageNumber="168" value="1970-09-02">
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||
<collectingDate box="[229,436,1988,2013]" pageId="167" pageNumber="168" value="1970-09-02">2 September 1970</collectingDate>
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||
</date>
|
||
</materialsCitation>
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||
.
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||
</paragraph>
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||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="168" pageNumber="169">
|
||
<table box="[151,1435,1709,1792]" gridcols="4" gridrows="3" pageId="168" pageNumber="169">
|
||
<tr box="[151,1435,1709,1731]" gridrow="0" pageId="168" pageNumber="169">
|
||
<th box="[151,691,1709,1731]" gridcol="0" gridrow="0" pageId="168" pageNumber="169">
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" box="[151,306,1709,1731]" pageId="168" pageNumber="169">FIGURE 105.</emphasis>
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<taxonomicName authority="Lamarck," authorityName="Lamarck," box="[319,681,1709,1731]" class="Demospongiae" family="Clionaidae" genus="Cervicornia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hadromerida" pageId="168" pageNumber="169" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="cuspidifera">
|
||
<taxonomicName box="[319,568,1709,1731]" class="Demospongiae" family="Clionaidae" genus="Cervicornia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hadromerida" pageId="168" pageNumber="169" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="cuspidifera">
|
||
<emphasis box="[319,568,1709,1731]" italics="true" pageId="168" pageNumber="169">
|
||
<taxonomicName box="[319,442,1710,1731]" class="Demospongiae" family="Clionaidae" genus="Cervicornia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hadromerida" pageId="168" pageNumber="169" phylum="Porifera" rank="genus">Cervicornia</taxonomicName>
|
||
<taxonomicName authority="Lamarck," authorityName="Lamarck," box="[454,568,1709,1731]" pageId="168" pageNumber="169" rank="species" species="cuspidifera">cuspidifera</taxonomicName>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(Lamarck
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
</th>
|
||
<th box="[698,798,1709,1731]" gridcol="1" gridrow="0" pageId="168" pageNumber="169">1815), a,</th>
|
||
<th box="[806,1059,1709,1731]" gridcol="2" gridrow="0" pageId="168" pageNumber="169">habitus of RMNH Por.</th>
|
||
<th box="[1066,1435,1709,1731]" gridcol="3" gridrow="0" pageId="168" pageNumber="169">9830 (scale bar = 1 cm), b, light</th>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr box="[151,1435,1740,1762]" gridrow="1" pageId="168" pageNumber="169">
|
||
<th box="[151,691,1740,1762]" gridcol="0" gridrow="1" pageId="168" pageNumber="169">microscopic image of peripheral skeleton, c–d, SEM</th>
|
||
<td box="[698,798,1740,1762]" gridcol="1" gridrow="1" pageId="168" pageNumber="169">images of</td>
|
||
<td box="[806,1059,1740,1762]" gridcol="2" gridrow="1" pageId="168" pageNumber="169">the spicules, c, tylostyle,</td>
|
||
<td box="[1066,1435,1740,1762]" gridcol="3" gridrow="1" pageId="168" pageNumber="169">c1, details of c, d, various shapes of</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr box="[151,1435,1770,1792]" gridrow="2" pageId="168" pageNumber="169" rowspan-1="1" rowspan-2="1" rowspan-3="1">
|
||
<th box="[151,691,1770,1792]" gridcol="0" gridrow="2" pageId="168" pageNumber="169">spirasters.</th>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
</table>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<subSubSection lastPageId="169" lastPageNumber="170" pageId="168" pageNumber="169" type="description">
|
||
<paragraph blockId="168.[151,1437,1831,2037]" pageId="168" pageNumber="169">
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" box="[199,345,1831,1856]" pageId="168" pageNumber="169">Description.</emphasis>
|
||
Hollow fingershaped sponges (Fig. 105a) protruding from a broader body mass buried in the sediment. The protruding fingers are closed at the apex.
|
||
<collectingRegion box="[789,823,1869,1892]" country="Haiti" name="Nord" pageId="168" pageNumber="169">No</collectingRegion>
|
||
apparent oscules. One of the specimens (Fig. 105a) is
|
||
<quantity box="[151,219,1904,1928]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.1" pageId="168" pageNumber="169" unit="cm" value="11.0">11 cm</quantity>
|
||
high,
|
||
<quantity box="[291,367,1903,1928]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.5" pageId="168" pageNumber="169" unit="cm" value="2.5">2.5 cm</quantity>
|
||
in diameter, without base, a second is
|
||
<quantity box="[802,871,1904,1928]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.4" pageId="168" pageNumber="169" unit="cm" value="14.0">14 cm</quantity>
|
||
high,
|
||
<quantity box="[943,998,1904,1928]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.0" pageId="168" pageNumber="169" unit="cm" value="3.0">3 cm</quantity>
|
||
in diameter from a fragmented base of 5
|
||
<date box="[176,215,1940,1964]" pageId="168" pageNumber="169">
|
||
x
|
||
<quantity box="[201,215,1940,1964]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.0" pageId="168" pageNumber="169" unit="cm" value="3.0">3</quantity>
|
||
</date>
|
||
cm. Color in alcohol orange-brown or dark red-brown (from the discolored label the color of the latter specimen has likely been influenced by being part of a sample containing a verongid species). Surface smooth, but a feeling of friction is felt upon touch. Consistency firm.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph blockId="169.[151,1436,151,680]" pageId="169" pageNumber="170">
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" box="[199,302,151,176]" pageId="169" pageNumber="170">Skeleton</emphasis>
|
||
. (Fig. 105b) At the surface the skeleton consists of erect brushes of tylostyles (pointed ends outward) surrounding open spaces covered by a membrane in which microscleres are crowded. Choanosomal skeleton a largely confused mass of tylostyles, consisting of a mixture of loose spicules and short bundles.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph blockId="169.[151,1436,151,680]" box="[199,716,260,285]" pageId="169" pageNumber="170">
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" box="[199,304,260,285]" pageId="169" pageNumber="170">Spicules.</emphasis>
|
||
(Figs 105c–d) Tylostyles, spirasters.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph blockId="169.[151,1436,151,680]" pageId="169" pageNumber="170">
|
||
Tylostyles (Figs. 105c,c1) curved, with faint tyles, characteristically with the pointed ends bluntly rounded, in a large size range but not divisible in size categories, 297–
|
||
<emphasis box="[804,846,332,356]" italics="true" pageId="169" pageNumber="170">432</emphasis>
|
||
–564
|
||
<date box="[909,957,332,356]" pageId="169" pageNumber="170" value="2010-10">x 10</date>
|
||
–
|
||
<emphasis box="[972,1021,332,356]" italics="true" pageId="169" pageNumber="170">12.2</emphasis>
|
||
–15 µm.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph blockId="169.[151,1436,151,680]" pageId="169" pageNumber="170">
|
||
Spirasters (Figs 105d), short, curved usually once, with the shaft provided with composite spines concentrated on the ends and on the outer curve, inner curve usually smooth or with low spines; rarely curved 1½ times; occasionally straight, not curved and then provided with spines along the shaft; 13–
|
||
<emphasis box="[1086,1135,440,464]" italics="true" pageId="169" pageNumber="170">14.9</emphasis>
|
||
–19 µm.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection pageId="169" pageNumber="170" type="distribution">
|
||
<paragraph blockId="169.[151,1436,151,680]" pageId="169" pageNumber="170">
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" box="[199,507,476,501]" pageId="169" pageNumber="170">Distribution and ecology.</emphasis>
|
||
<collectingCountry box="[517,604,476,500]" name="Guyana" pageId="169" pageNumber="170">Guyana</collectingCountry>
|
||
Shelf,
|
||
<collectingCountry box="[693,767,476,501]" name="Belize" pageId="169" pageNumber="170">
|
||
<collectingRegion box="[693,767,476,501]" country="Belize" name="Belize" pageId="169" pageNumber="170">Belize</collectingRegion>
|
||
</collectingCountry>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingCountry box="[782,887,476,501]" name="Bahamas" pageId="169" pageNumber="170">Bahamas</collectingCountry>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingCountry box="[903,1142,476,501]" name="Dominican Republic" pageId="169" pageNumber="170">Dominican Republic</collectingCountry>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingCountry box="[1157,1297,476,501]" name="Puerto Rico" pageId="169" pageNumber="170">Puerto Rico</collectingCountry>
|
||
, NE
|
||
<collectingCountry box="[1361,1432,476,501]" name="Brazil" pageId="169" pageNumber="170">Brazil</collectingCountry>
|
||
,
|
||
<quantity box="[151,236,511,536]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.45" metricValueMax="6.5" metricValueMin="0.4" pageId="169" pageNumber="170" unit="m" value="34.5" valueMax="65.0" valueMin="4.0">4–65 m</quantity>
|
||
depth (
|
||
<collectingCountry box="[319,408,512,536]" name="Guyana" pageId="169" pageNumber="170">Guyana</collectingCountry>
|
||
Shelf
|
||
<quantity box="[481,584,511,536]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.8" metricValueMax="6.5" metricValueMin="5.1" pageId="169" pageNumber="170" unit="m" value="58.0" valueMax="65.0" valueMin="51.0">51–65 m</quantity>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection pageId="169" pageNumber="170" type="discussion">
|
||
<paragraph blockId="169.[151,1436,151,680]" pageId="169" pageNumber="170">
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" box="[199,315,548,573]" pageId="169" pageNumber="170">Remarks.</emphasis>
|
||
The present specimens are singular and undivided fingers, not branching at the periphery and/or proliferating, like in many specimens shown in previous studies. Also the diversity of spirasters is less than shown in e.g. Rützler (2002). Despite these discrepancies, it is clear that the
|
||
<collectingCountry box="[945,1032,620,644]" name="Guyana" pageId="169" pageNumber="170">Guyana</collectingCountry>
|
||
specimens fall within the observed variation of this common sandy bottom species.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |