297 lines
36 KiB
XML
297 lines
36 KiB
XML
<document id="EB5A57ADC1B43AB65B549D3348AF9803" ID-CLB-Dataset="37320" ID-DOI="10.5281/zenodo.272951" ID-GBIF-Dataset="e2c88f4c-3ac2-45f9-95e4-99b75561a081" ID-ISSN="1175-5326" ID-Zenodo-Dep="272951" ID-ZooBank="6D68A019-6F63-4AA4-A8B3-92D351F1F69B" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.tables_requiresApprovalFor="existingObjects,plazi" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1484409208030" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Van, Rob W. M." docDate="2017" docId="03A80010777AFF83FF14A6C29441FD1E" docLanguage="en" docName="zootaxa.4217.1.1.pdf.imf" docOrigin="Zootaxa 1" docStyle="DocumentStyle:5EBBA59367AD13919D70D935FA04F6A3.14:Zootaxa.2013-.monograph" docStyleId="5EBBA59367AD13919D70D935FA04F6A3" docStyleName="Zootaxa.2013-.monograph" docStyleVersion="14" docTitle="Oceanapia stalagmitica Wiedenmayer 1977" docType="treatment" docVersion="21" lastPageNumber="48" masterDocId="FF9178687757FFACFF83A36B907DFF9A" masterDocTitle="Sponges of the Guyana Shelf" masterLastPageNumber="225" masterPageNumber="1" pageNumber="46" updateTime="1698435695899" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
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<mods:titleInfo id="F031BEAD3ABDAE3327521FE6DF001005">
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<mods:title id="F3DAB91212FDD16E009A0640F20F6175">Sponges of the Guyana Shelf</mods:title>
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<mods:name id="9ACA57B2DCB2D51A332326BE5BEE1C90" type="personal">
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<mods:namePart id="C8357E22B21A01375577BDD8CD6D607D">Van, Rob W. M.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:typeOfResource id="D6C4DAC897A9B613BF6F32A81DC66D28">text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:title id="678F0E7C612AA68F32EB0D47EFE8D78F">Zootaxa</mods:title>
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<mods:part id="32A8FD6857087A7DCC6063DBC6F28B14">
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<mods:date id="6BA5F997FBFB628846E21C93E479B9D7">2017</mods:date>
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<mods:identifier id="6827888781E6767AB0094375FDDBDF69" type="CLB-Dataset">37320</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier id="2B02B43D7FBA983B867D9E31EFC7F401" type="DOI">10.5281/zenodo.272951</mods:identifier>
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<treatment id="03A80010777AFF83FF14A6C29441FD1E" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5698593" ID-GBIF-Taxon="127419708" ID-Zenodo-Dep="5698593" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03A80010777AFF83FF14A6C29441FD1E" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/03A80010777AFF83FF14A6C29441FD1E" lastPageId="47" lastPageNumber="48" pageId="45" pageNumber="46">
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<subSubSection id="C31BE28D777AFF81FF14A6C2914BFA7E" pageId="45" pageNumber="46" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="8BBEB106777AFF81FF14A6C29295FA59" blockId="45.[151,744,1449,1508]" box="[151,744,1449,1475]" pageId="45" pageNumber="46">
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<heading id="D0F6066A777AFF81FF14A6C29295FA59" bold="true" box="[151,744,1449,1475]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="45" pageNumber="46" reason="1">
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<taxonomicName id="4C01CA85777AFF81FF14A6C29295FA59" ID-CoL="74FG6" authority="Wiedenmayer, 1977" authorityName="Wiedenmayer" authorityYear="1977" box="[151,744,1449,1475]" class="Demospongiae" family="Phloeodictyidae" genus="Oceanapia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Haplosclerida" pageId="45" pageNumber="46" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="stalagmitica">
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<emphasis id="B9756D14777AFF81FF14A6C29295FA59" bold="true" box="[151,744,1449,1475]" pageId="45" pageNumber="46">
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<emphasis id="B9756D14777AFF81FF14A6C29164FA59" bold="true" box="[151,281,1449,1475]" italics="true" pageId="45" pageNumber="46">Oceanapia</emphasis>
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cf.
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<emphasis id="B9756D14777AFF81FEC5A6C291A4FA59" bold="true" box="[326,473,1449,1475]" italics="true" pageId="45" pageNumber="46">stalagmitica</emphasis>
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(
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<bibRefCitation id="EF90CCF7777AFF81FE64A6C2929DFA59" author="Wiedenmayer" box="[487,736,1449,1475]" pageId="45" pageNumber="46" refString="Wiedenmayer, F. (1977) Shallow-water sponges of the western Bahamas. Experientia Supplementum, 28, 1 - 287." type="journal article" year="1977">Wiedenmayer, 1977</bibRefCitation>
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)
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</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8BBEB106777AFF81FF14A6A0914BFA7E" blockId="45.[151,744,1449,1508]" box="[151,310,1483,1508]" pageId="45" pageNumber="46">
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||
<figureCitation id="133AAD83777AFF81FF14A6A09173FA7E" box="[151,270,1483,1508]" captionStart="FIGURE 29" captionStartId="46.[151,250,1454,1476]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,265,1433]" captionTargetId="figure@46.[151,1436,265,1433]" captionTargetPageId="46" captionText="FIGURE 29. Oceanapia cf. stalagmitica (Wiedenmayer, 1977), a, habitus of RMNH Por. 9867 (scale bar = 1 cm), a 1, of RMNH Por. 9736, a 2, of RMNH Por. 9846, b – c, light microscopic images of skeleton, b, skeleton of fistule of RMNH Por. 9867, c, skeleton of main body of RMNH Por. 9736, d – g, SEM images of spicules, d, oxea, e, sigma, f, normal toxas, g, large fat toxa." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/272980/files/figure.png" pageId="45" pageNumber="46">Figures 29</figureCitation>
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a–g
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C31BE28D777AFF81FF14A57F93E8F9D2" pageId="45" pageNumber="46" type="reference_group">
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<paragraph id="8BBEB106777AFF81FF14A57F93E8F9D2" blockId="45.[151,952,1555,1608]" pageId="45" pageNumber="46">
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<treatmentCitationGroup id="AB119628777AFF81FF14A57F93E8F9D2" pageId="45" pageNumber="46">
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||
<taxonomicName id="4C01CA85777AFF81FF14A57F920CF9B3" ID-CoL="5WKZ5" authority="Wiedenmayer, 1977: 124" authorityName="Wiedenmayer" authorityPageNumber="124" authorityYear="1977" box="[151,625,1555,1577]" class="Demospongiae" family="Phloeodictyidae" genus="Biminia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Haplosclerida" pageId="45" pageNumber="46" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="stalagmitica">
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<emphasis id="B9756D14777AFF81FF14A57F9117F9B3" box="[151,362,1555,1577]" italics="true" pageId="45" pageNumber="46">Biminia stalagmitica</emphasis>
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<treatmentCitation id="0AA09717777AFF81FEF3A578920CF9B3" author="Wiedenmayer" box="[368,625,1555,1577]" page="124" pageId="45" pageNumber="46" year="1977">
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||
<bibRefCitation id="EF90CCF7777AFF81FEF3A5789242F9B3" author="Wiedenmayer" box="[368,575,1555,1577]" pageId="45" pageNumber="46" refString="Wiedenmayer, F. (1977) Shallow-water sponges of the western Bahamas. Experientia Supplementum, 28, 1 - 287." type="journal article" year="1977">Wiedenmayer, 1977</bibRefCitation>
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: 124
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</treatmentCitation>
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</taxonomicName>
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, pl. 26 fig. 1, text-figs 133–134.
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<taxonomicName id="4C01CA85777AFF81FF14A55891F4F9D2" ID-CoL="74FG6" box="[151,393,1586,1608]" class="Demospongiae" family="Phloeodictyidae" genus="Oceanapia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Haplosclerida" pageId="45" pageNumber="46" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="stalagmitica">
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<emphasis id="B9756D14777AFF81FF14A55891F4F9D2" box="[151,393,1586,1608]" italics="true" pageId="45" pageNumber="46">Oceanapia stalagmitica</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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;
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<treatmentCitation id="0AA09717777AFF81FE14A55992B0F9D2" author="Lehnert" box="[407,717,1586,1608]" page="78" pageId="45" pageNumber="46" year="1996">
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<bibRefCitation id="EF90CCF7777AFF81FE14A55992DAF9D2" author="Lehnert" box="[407,679,1586,1608]" pageId="45" pageNumber="46" refString="Lehnert, H. & Van Soest, R. W. M. (1996) North Jamaican deep fore-reef sponges. Beaufortia, 46 (4), 53 - 81. Avaliable from: http: // www. repository. naturalis. nl / document / 548462 (Accessed 11 Jan. 2017)" type="journal article" year="1996">Lehnert & Van Soest 1996</bibRefCitation>
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: 78
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</treatmentCitation>
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, figs 17, 32, 78–81.
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</treatmentCitationGroup>
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||
</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C31BE28D777AFF81FF14A51F921EF884" pageId="45" pageNumber="46" type="materials_examined">
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<paragraph id="8BBEB106777AFF81FF14A51F921EF884" blockId="45.[151,1437,1652,2038]" pageId="45" pageNumber="46">
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<materialsCitation id="3B69BB5B777AFF81FF14A51F932BF92B" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="1424726461" collectingDate="1970-09-05" collectionCode="RMNH" collectorName="Van Veen" country="Guyana" elevation="47" latitude="7.496" location="Material" longLatPrecision="55" longitude="-57.5833" pageId="45" pageNumber="46" specimenCount="1">
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<emphasis id="B9756D14777AFF81FF14A51F91FAF917" bold="true" box="[151,391,1652,1677]" pageId="45" pageNumber="46">
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||
<location id="8EDEE7DD777AFF81FF14A51F9082F917" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03A80010777AFF83FF14A6C29441FD1E:8EDEE7DD777AFF81FF14A51F9082F917" box="[151,255,1652,1677]" country="Guyana" latitude="7.496" longLatPrecision="55" longitude="-57.5833" name="Material" pageId="45" pageNumber="46">Material</location>
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examined.
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</emphasis>
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<collectionCode id="ED1029C3777AFF81FE15A51D9197F917" box="[406,490,1654,1677]" country="Netherlands" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34992" name="National Museum of Natural History, Naturalis" pageId="45" pageNumber="46">RMNH</collectionCode>
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Por. 9736,
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<collectingCountry id="F316F196777AFF81FD03A51E92A7F917" box="[640,730,1653,1677]" name="Guyana" pageId="45" pageNumber="46">Guyana</collectingCountry>
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, ‘Luymes’
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<collectingCountry id="F316F196777AFF81FCE4A51E93C3F917" box="[871,958,1653,1677]" name="Guyana" pageId="45" pageNumber="46">Guyana</collectingCountry>
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Shelf Expedition, station 110,
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<geoCoordinate id="EE35D7C1777AFF81FABDA51F95E1F917" box="[1342,1436,1652,1677]" direction="north" orientation="latitude" pageId="45" pageNumber="46" precision="55" value="7.496">7.496°N</geoCoordinate>
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||
<geoCoordinate id="EE35D7C1777AFF81FF14A5F3916AF92B" box="[151,279,1688,1713]" direction="west" orientation="longitude" pageId="45" pageNumber="46" precision="5" value="-57.5833">57.5833°W</geoCoordinate>
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, depth
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<quantity id="4CF91CE3777AFF81FEF2A5F291CDF92A" box="[369,432,1689,1713]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.7" pageId="45" pageNumber="46" unit="m" value="47.0">
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||
<elevation id="002C5635777AFF81FEF2A5F291CDF92A" box="[369,432,1689,1713]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.7" pageId="45" pageNumber="46" unit="m" value="47.0">47 m</elevation>
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</quantity>
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,
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<collectorName id="26F4D4D0777AFF81FE43A5F29252F92A" box="[448,559,1689,1712]" pageId="45" pageNumber="46">Van Veen</collectorName>
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grab,
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<date id="FFBF97C6777AFF81FDFCA5F3932BF92B" box="[639,854,1688,1713]" pageId="45" pageNumber="46" value="1970-09-05">
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<collectingDate id="EFFB6E2E777AFF81FDFCA5F3932BF92B" box="[639,854,1688,1713]" pageId="45" pageNumber="46" value="1970-09-05">5 September 1970</collectingDate>
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</date>
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</materialsCitation>
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;
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<materialsCitation id="3B69BB5B777AFF81FCE5A5F295EAF94C" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="1424726454" collectingDate="1966-04-27" collectionCode="RMNH" collectorName="Snellius O. C. P. S." country="Suriname" elevation="66" latitude="7.0733" location="Suriname" longLatPrecision="7" longitude="-55.4167" pageId="45" pageNumber="46" specimenCount="1">
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<collectionCode id="ED1029C3777AFF81FCE5A5F293C7F92A" box="[870,954,1689,1712]" country="Netherlands" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34992" name="National Museum of Natural History, Naturalis" pageId="45" pageNumber="46">RMNH</collectionCode>
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Por. 9846,
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<collectingCountry id="F316F196777AFF81FBC4A5F394C8F92B" box="[1095,1205,1688,1713]" name="Suriname" pageId="45" pageNumber="46">Suriname</collectingCountry>
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, ‘
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<collectorName id="26F4D4D0777AFF81FB4AA5F395EAF92B" box="[1225,1431,1688,1713]" pageId="45" pageNumber="46">Snellius O.C.P.S.</collectorName>
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’
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<collectingCountry id="F316F196777AFF81FF14A5D69093F94F" box="[151,238,1725,1749]" name="Guyana" pageId="45" pageNumber="46">Guyana</collectingCountry>
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Shelf Expedition, station B24,
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<geoCoordinate id="EE35D7C1777AFF81FDD9A5D692BAF94F" box="[602,711,1725,1749]" direction="north" orientation="latitude" pageId="45" pageNumber="46" precision="5" value="7.0733">7.0733°N</geoCoordinate>
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||
<geoCoordinate id="EE35D7C1777AFF81FD53A5D6932CF94C" box="[720,849,1725,1750]" direction="west" orientation="longitude" pageId="45" pageNumber="46" precision="5" value="-55.4167">55.4167°W</geoCoordinate>
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, depth
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<quantity id="4CF91CE3777AFF81FC25A5D69473F94F" box="[934,1038,1725,1750]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="6.55" metricValueMax="6.6" metricValueMin="6.5" pageId="45" pageNumber="46" unit="m" value="65.5" valueMax="66.0" valueMin="65.0">
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||
<elevation id="002C5635777AFF81FC25A5D69473F94F" box="[934,1038,1725,1750]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="6.55" metricValueMax="6.6" metricValueMin="6.5" pageId="45" pageNumber="46" unit="m" value="65.5" valueMax="66.0" valueMin="65.0">65–66 m</elevation>
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||
</quantity>
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, trawl, sandy mud,
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||
<date id="FFBF97C6777AFF81FB70A5D695EAF94C" box="[1267,1431,1725,1750]" pageId="45" pageNumber="46" value="1966-04-27">
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||
<collectingDate id="EFFB6E2E777AFF81FB70A5D695EAF94C" box="[1267,1431,1725,1750]" pageId="45" pageNumber="46" value="1966-04-27">27 April 1966</collectingDate>
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||
</date>
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||
</materialsCitation>
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||
;
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<materialsCitation id="3B69BB5B777AFF81FF14A58A9223F884" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="1424726469" collectingDate="1966-05-07" collectionCode="RMNH" collectorName="Snellius O. C. P. S. & Van Veen" country="Suriname" elevation="34" latitude="6.4417" location="Suriname" longLatPrecision="7" longitude="-56.5467" pageId="45" pageNumber="46" specimenCount="1">
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||
<collectionCode id="ED1029C3777AFF81FF14A58A9096F962" box="[151,235,1761,1784]" country="Netherlands" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34992" name="National Museum of Natural History, Naturalis" pageId="45" pageNumber="46">RMNH</collectionCode>
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Por. 9867,
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<collectingCountry id="F316F196777AFF81FEF4A58B9198F963" box="[375,485,1760,1785]" name="Suriname" pageId="45" pageNumber="46">Suriname</collectingCountry>
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||
, ‘
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||
<collectorName id="26F4D4D0777AFF81FE7AA58B92BBF963" box="[505,710,1760,1785]" pageId="45" pageNumber="46">Snellius O.C.P.S.</collectorName>
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||
’
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||
<collectingCountry id="F316F196777AFF81FD54A58A9353F963" box="[727,814,1761,1785]" name="Guyana" pageId="45" pageNumber="46">Guyana</collectingCountry>
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||
Shelf Expedition, station F45,
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||
<geoCoordinate id="EE35D7C1777AFF81FB23A58B9571F963" box="[1184,1292,1760,1785]" direction="north" orientation="latitude" pageId="45" pageNumber="46" precision="5" value="6.4417">6.4417°N</geoCoordinate>
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="EE35D7C1777AFF81FA94A58B95E5F963" box="[1303,1432,1760,1785]" direction="west" orientation="longitude" pageId="45" pageNumber="46" precision="5" value="-56.5467">56.5467°W</geoCoordinate>
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||
, depth
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||
<quantity id="4CF91CE3777AFF81FF5FA46E916AF887" box="[220,279,1797,1821]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.4" pageId="45" pageNumber="46" unit="m" value="34.0">
|
||
<elevation id="002C5635777AFF81FF5FA46E916AF887" box="[220,279,1797,1821]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.4" pageId="45" pageNumber="46" unit="m" value="34.0">34 m</elevation>
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||
</quantity>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectorName id="26F4D4D0777AFF81FEA0A46D91F3F887" box="[291,398,1798,1821]" pageId="45" pageNumber="46">Van Veen</collectorName>
|
||
grab,
|
||
<date id="FFBF97C6777AFF81FE57A46D9223F884" box="[468,606,1797,1822]" pageId="45" pageNumber="46" value="1966-05-07">
|
||
<collectingDate id="EFFB6E2E777AFF81FE57A46D9223F884" box="[468,606,1797,1822]" pageId="45" pageNumber="46" value="1966-05-07">7 May 1966</collectingDate>
|
||
</date>
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
.
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||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C31BE28D777AFF82FF44A443943BF8A2" lastPageId="46" lastPageNumber="47" pageId="45" pageNumber="46" type="description">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BBEB106777AFF81FF44A443909BF834" blockId="45.[151,1437,1652,2038]" pageId="45" pageNumber="46">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9756D14777AFF81FF44A4439124F8DB" bold="true" box="[199,345,1832,1857]" pageId="45" pageNumber="46">Description.</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<figureCitation id="133AAD83777AFF81FEEAA44391B9F8DB" box="[361,452,1832,1857]" captionStart="FIGURE 29" captionStartId="46.[151,250,1454,1476]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,265,1433]" captionTargetId="figure@46.[151,1436,265,1433]" captionTargetPageId="46" captionText="FIGURE 29. Oceanapia cf. stalagmitica (Wiedenmayer, 1977), a, habitus of RMNH Por. 9867 (scale bar = 1 cm), a 1, of RMNH Por. 9736, a 2, of RMNH Por. 9846, b – c, light microscopic images of skeleton, b, skeleton of fistule of RMNH Por. 9867, c, skeleton of main body of RMNH Por. 9736, d – g, SEM images of spicules, d, oxea, e, sigma, f, normal toxas, g, large fat toxa." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/272980/files/figure.png" pageId="45" pageNumber="46">Figs 29</figureCitation>
|
||
a,a1,a2) Body rounded to elongate provided with long fistule or fistules. Body size of three specimens
|
||
<quantity id="4CF91CE3777AFF81FED0A42791C6F8FF" box="[339,443,1868,1893]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.75" metricValueMax="2.0" metricValueMin="1.5" pageId="45" pageNumber="46" unit="cm" value="1.75" valueMax="2.0" valueMin="1.5">1.5–2 cm</quantity>
|
||
in diameter, height
|
||
<quantity id="4CF91CE3777AFF81FD1DA4269288F8FF" box="[670,757,1869,1893]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.0" metricValueMax="3.0" metricValueMin="1.0" pageId="45" pageNumber="46" unit="cm" value="2.0" valueMax="3.0" valueMin="1.0">1–3 cm</quantity>
|
||
. Lower part of the body provided with root-like projections. Fistules thin-walled, fragile,
|
||
<quantity id="4CF91CE3777AFF81FE5CA41B9249F812" box="[479,564,1904,1929]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.5" metricValueMax="5.0" metricValueMin="2.0" pageId="45" pageNumber="46" unit="cm" value="3.5" valueMax="5.0" valueMin="2.0">2–5 cm</quantity>
|
||
in length,
|
||
<quantity id="4CF91CE3777AFF81FD32A41B936DF812" box="[689,784,1904,1929]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.5" metricValueMax="6.0" metricValueMin="3.0" pageId="45" pageNumber="46" unit="mm" value="4.5" valueMax="6.0" valueMin="3.0">3–6 mm</quantity>
|
||
in diameter. Color (in alcohol) white, dirty white or redbrown.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BBEB106777AFF82FF44A4D29336FF4F" blockId="45.[151,1437,1652,2038]" lastBlockId="46.[151,1436,151,213]" lastPageId="46" lastPageNumber="47" pageId="45" pageNumber="46">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9756D14777AFF81FF44A4D29148F848" bold="true" box="[199,309,1977,2002]" pageId="45" pageNumber="46">Skeleton.</emphasis>
|
||
The skeleton of the fistules (
|
||
<figureCitation id="133AAD83777AFF81FD05A4D292A4F848" box="[646,729,1977,2002]" captionStart="FIGURE 29" captionStartId="46.[151,250,1454,1476]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,265,1433]" captionTargetId="figure@46.[151,1436,265,1433]" captionTargetPageId="46" captionText="FIGURE 29. Oceanapia cf. stalagmitica (Wiedenmayer, 1977), a, habitus of RMNH Por. 9867 (scale bar = 1 cm), a 1, of RMNH Por. 9736, a 2, of RMNH Por. 9846, b – c, light microscopic images of skeleton, b, skeleton of fistule of RMNH Por. 9867, c, skeleton of main body of RMNH Por. 9736, d – g, SEM images of spicules, d, oxea, e, sigma, f, normal toxas, g, large fat toxa." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/272980/files/figure.png" pageId="45" pageNumber="46">Fig. 29</figureCitation>
|
||
b) has a unispicular tangential surface reticulation overlying a system of anastomosing lengthwise arranged spicule tracts. The main body has a tangential uni- to paucispicular surface reticulation (
|
||
<figureCitation id="133AAD837779FF82FE04A3FC91A0FF2A" box="[391,477,151,176]" captionStart="FIGURE 29" captionStartId="46.[151,250,1454,1476]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,265,1433]" captionTargetId="figure@46.[151,1436,265,1433]" captionTargetPageId="46" captionText="FIGURE 29. Oceanapia cf. stalagmitica (Wiedenmayer, 1977), a, habitus of RMNH Por. 9867 (scale bar = 1 cm), a 1, of RMNH Por. 9736, a 2, of RMNH Por. 9846, b – c, light microscopic images of skeleton, b, skeleton of fistule of RMNH Por. 9867, c, skeleton of main body of RMNH Por. 9736, d – g, SEM images of spicules, d, oxea, e, sigma, f, normal toxas, g, large fat toxa." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/272980/files/figure.png" pageId="46" pageNumber="47">Fig. 29</figureCitation>
|
||
c) carried by a wider reticulation of subectosomal spicule tracts forming rounded meshes. Internal body has a unispicular confused reticulation.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<caption id="DF7EE18E7779FF82FF14A6C59096F9BA" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/272980/files/figure.png" pageId="46" pageNumber="47" targetBox="[151,1436,265,1433]" targetPageId="46">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BBEB1067779FF82FF14A6C59096F9BA" blockId="46.[151,1437,1454,1568]" pageId="46" pageNumber="47">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9756D147779FF82FF14A6C5915FFA5E" bold="true" box="[151,290,1454,1476]" pageId="46" pageNumber="47">FIGURE 29.</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C01CA857779FF82FEAFA6C4934DFA5E" authority="Wiedenmayer, 1977" authorityName="Wiedenmayer" authorityYear="1977" box="[300,816,1454,1476]" class="Demospongiae" family="Phloeodictyidae" genus="Oceanapia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Haplosclerida" pageId="46" pageNumber="47" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="stalagmitica">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9756D147779FF82FEAFA6C491E6FA5E" box="[300,411,1455,1476]" italics="true" pageId="46" pageNumber="47">Oceanapia</emphasis>
|
||
cf.
|
||
<emphasis id="B9756D147779FF82FE4BA6C59238FA5E" box="[456,581,1454,1476]" italics="true" pageId="46" pageNumber="47">stalagmitica</emphasis>
|
||
(Wiedenmayer, 1977)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, a, habitus of RMNH Por. 9867 (scale bar = 1 cm), a1, of RMNH Por. 9736, a2, of RMNH Por. 9846, b–c, light microscopic images of skeleton, b, skeleton of fistule of RMNH Por. 9867, c, skeleton of main body of RMNH Por. 9736, d–g, SEM images of spicules, d, oxea, e, sigma, f, normal toxas, g, large fat toxa.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BBEB1067779FF82FF44A52C92BDF9C5" blockId="46.[151,1436,1607,2029]" box="[199,704,1607,1632]" pageId="46" pageNumber="47">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9756D147779FF82FF44A52C9154F9FA" bold="true" box="[199,297,1607,1632]" pageId="46" pageNumber="47">Spicules</emphasis>
|
||
. (
|
||
<figureCitation id="133AAD837779FF82FEBDA52C91EEF9FA" box="[318,403,1607,1632]" captionStart="FIGURE 29" captionStartId="46.[151,250,1454,1476]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,265,1433]" captionTargetId="figure@46.[151,1436,265,1433]" captionTargetPageId="46" captionText="FIGURE 29. Oceanapia cf. stalagmitica (Wiedenmayer, 1977), a, habitus of RMNH Por. 9867 (scale bar = 1 cm), a 1, of RMNH Por. 9736, a 2, of RMNH Por. 9846, b – c, light microscopic images of skeleton, b, skeleton of fistule of RMNH Por. 9867, c, skeleton of main body of RMNH Por. 9736, d – g, SEM images of spicules, d, oxea, e, sigma, f, normal toxas, g, large fat toxa." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/272980/files/figure.png" pageId="46" pageNumber="47">Figs 29</figureCitation>
|
||
d–g) Oxeas, sigmas, toxas.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BBEB1067779FF82FF44A507918CF932" blockId="46.[151,1436,1607,2029]" pageId="46" pageNumber="47">
|
||
Oxeas (
|
||
<figureCitation id="133AAD837779FF82FE9FA5079110F91F" box="[284,365,1644,1669]" captionStart="FIGURE 29" captionStartId="46.[151,250,1454,1476]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,265,1433]" captionTargetId="figure@46.[151,1436,265,1433]" captionTargetPageId="46" captionText="FIGURE 29. Oceanapia cf. stalagmitica (Wiedenmayer, 1977), a, habitus of RMNH Por. 9867 (scale bar = 1 cm), a 1, of RMNH Por. 9736, a 2, of RMNH Por. 9846, b – c, light microscopic images of skeleton, b, skeleton of fistule of RMNH Por. 9867, c, skeleton of main body of RMNH Por. 9736, d – g, SEM images of spicules, d, oxea, e, sigma, f, normal toxas, g, large fat toxa." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/272980/files/figure.png" pageId="46" pageNumber="47">Fig. 29</figureCitation>
|
||
d) lightly curved, sharply pointed, variable in length and thickness between the three specimens, 156–
|
||
<emphasis id="B9756D147779FF82FF4CA5E49084F932" box="[207,249,1679,1704]" italics="true" pageId="46" pageNumber="47">186</emphasis>
|
||
–202
|
||
<date id="FFBF97C67779FF82FEBBA5FB9124F932" box="[312,345,1679,1704]" pageId="46" pageNumber="47">x 5</date>
|
||
–
|
||
<emphasis id="B9756D147779FF82FEEAA5FB91F1F932" box="[361,396,1680,1704]" italics="true" pageId="46" pageNumber="47">5.9</emphasis>
|
||
–7.5 µm.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BBEB1067779FF82FF44A5DF93A3F957" blockId="46.[151,1436,1607,2029]" box="[199,990,1716,1741]" pageId="46" pageNumber="47">
|
||
Sigmas (
|
||
<figureCitation id="133AAD837779FF82FEAAA5DF9101F956" box="[297,380,1716,1741]" captionStart="FIGURE 29" captionStartId="46.[151,250,1454,1476]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,265,1433]" captionTargetId="figure@46.[151,1436,265,1433]" captionTargetPageId="46" captionText="FIGURE 29. Oceanapia cf. stalagmitica (Wiedenmayer, 1977), a, habitus of RMNH Por. 9867 (scale bar = 1 cm), a 1, of RMNH Por. 9736, a 2, of RMNH Por. 9846, b – c, light microscopic images of skeleton, b, skeleton of fistule of RMNH Por. 9867, c, skeleton of main body of RMNH Por. 9736, d – g, SEM images of spicules, d, oxea, e, sigma, f, normal toxas, g, large fat toxa." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/272980/files/figure.png" pageId="46" pageNumber="47">Fig. 29</figureCitation>
|
||
e), thin, angular, in a large size range, 14–
|
||
<emphasis id="B9756D147779FF82FCCDA5DF9302F956" box="[846,895,1716,1740]" italics="true" pageId="46" pageNumber="47">23.4</emphasis>
|
||
–39 µm.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BBEB1067779FF82FF44A5B390B9F88F" blockId="46.[151,1436,1607,2029]" pageId="46" pageNumber="47">
|
||
Toxas (
|
||
<figureCitation id="133AAD837779FF82FE9BA5BC9113F96A" box="[280,366,1751,1776]" captionStart="FIGURE 29" captionStartId="46.[151,250,1454,1476]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,265,1433]" captionTargetId="figure@46.[151,1436,265,1433]" captionTargetPageId="46" captionText="FIGURE 29. Oceanapia cf. stalagmitica (Wiedenmayer, 1977), a, habitus of RMNH Por. 9867 (scale bar = 1 cm), a 1, of RMNH Por. 9736, a 2, of RMNH Por. 9846, b – c, light microscopic images of skeleton, b, skeleton of fistule of RMNH Por. 9867, c, skeleton of main body of RMNH Por. 9736, d – g, SEM images of spicules, d, oxea, e, sigma, f, normal toxas, g, large fat toxa." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/272980/files/figure.png" pageId="46" pageNumber="47">Figs 29</figureCitation>
|
||
f), sharp-angled, with straight legs, ending in upturned apices, in a large size range, 12–
|
||
<emphasis id="B9756D147779FF82FAC2A5B3950FF96A" box="[1345,1394,1752,1776]" italics="true" pageId="46" pageNumber="47">33.4</emphasis>
|
||
–66 µm.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BBEB1067779FF82FF44A44B943BF8A2" blockId="46.[151,1436,1607,2029]" box="[199,1094,1823,1848]" pageId="46" pageNumber="47">
|
||
Toxas (
|
||
<figureCitation id="133AAD837779FF82FE9AA4749111F8A2" box="[281,364,1823,1848]" captionStart="FIGURE 29" captionStartId="46.[151,250,1454,1476]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,265,1433]" captionTargetId="figure@46.[151,1436,265,1433]" captionTargetPageId="46" captionText="FIGURE 29. Oceanapia cf. stalagmitica (Wiedenmayer, 1977), a, habitus of RMNH Por. 9867 (scale bar = 1 cm), a 1, of RMNH Por. 9736, a 2, of RMNH Por. 9846, b – c, light microscopic images of skeleton, b, skeleton of fistule of RMNH Por. 9867, c, skeleton of main body of RMNH Por. 9736, d – g, SEM images of spicules, d, oxea, e, sigma, f, normal toxas, g, large fat toxa." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/272980/files/figure.png" pageId="46" pageNumber="47">
|
||
Fig.
|
||
<quantity id="4CF91CE37779FF82FECEA44B9111F8A2" box="[333,364,1824,1848]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="kg" metricValue="2.9" pageId="46" pageNumber="47" unit="g" value="29.0">29</quantity>
|
||
</figureCitation>
|
||
g), fat, bluntly rounded, rare (n=5), 60–
|
||
<date id="FFBF97C67779FF82FCA0A47493F8F8A2" box="[803,901,1823,1848]" pageId="46" pageNumber="47" value="1972-10-03" valueMax="1972-10-05" valueMin="1972-10-03">72 x 3–5</date>
|
||
µm in thickness.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C31BE28D7779FF82FF44A42F95E1F8C6" box="[199,1436,1860,1885]" pageId="46" pageNumber="47" type="distribution">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BBEB1067779FF82FF44A42F95E1F8C6" blockId="46.[151,1436,1607,2029]" box="[199,1436,1860,1885]" pageId="46" pageNumber="47">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9756D147779FF82FF44A42F918FF8C7" bold="true" box="[199,498,1860,1885]" pageId="46" pageNumber="47">Distribution and ecology.</emphasis>
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F316F1967779FF82FE7BA42F9232F8C6" box="[504,591,1860,1884]" name="Guyana" pageId="46" pageNumber="47">Guyana</collectingCountry>
|
||
Shelf,
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F316F1967779FF82FD1CA42F9374F8C7" box="[671,777,1860,1885]" name="Bahamas" pageId="46" pageNumber="47">Bahamas</collectingCountry>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F316F1967779FF82FC97A42F930CF8C7" box="[788,881,1860,1885]" name="Jamaica" pageId="46" pageNumber="47">Jamaica</collectingCountry>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F316F1967779FF82FCFFA42F93C7F8C7" box="[892,954,1860,1885]" name="Cuba" pageId="46" pageNumber="47">Cuba</collectingCountry>
|
||
, at
|
||
<quantity id="4CF91CE37779FF82FC63A42F9449F8C6" box="[992,1076,1860,1885]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.7" metricValueMax="6.6" metricValueMin="0.8" pageId="46" pageNumber="47" unit="m" value="37.0" valueMax="66.0" valueMin="8.0">8–66 m</quantity>
|
||
depth (
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F316F1967779FF82FB0BA42F949CF8C6" box="[1160,1249,1860,1884]" name="Guyana" pageId="46" pageNumber="47">Guyana</collectingCountry>
|
||
Shelf
|
||
<quantity id="4CF91CE37779FF82FAAAA42F95EDF8C6" box="[1321,1424,1860,1885]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.0" metricValueMax="6.6" metricValueMin="3.4" pageId="46" pageNumber="47" unit="m" value="50.0" valueMax="66.0" valueMin="34.0">34–66 m</quantity>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C31BE28D7779FF83FF44A40C9441FD1E" lastPageId="47" lastPageNumber="48" pageId="46" pageNumber="47" type="discussion">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BBEB1067779FF83FF44A40C938DFE6F" blockId="46.[151,1436,1607,2029]" lastBlockId="47.[151,1437,151,645]" lastPageId="47" lastPageNumber="48" pageId="46" pageNumber="47">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9756D147779FF82FF44A40C9146F81A" bold="true" box="[199,315,1895,1920]" pageId="46" pageNumber="47">Remarks.</emphasis>
|
||
The identification of the
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F316F1967779FF82FDD9A40392CCF81A" box="[602,689,1896,1920]" name="Guyana" pageId="46" pageNumber="47">Guyana</collectingCountry>
|
||
material with
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C01CA857779FF82FCD6A403947FF81A" box="[853,1026,1895,1920]" class="Demospongiae" family="Phloeodictyidae" genus="Oceanapia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Haplosclerida" pageId="46" pageNumber="47" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="stalagmitica">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9756D147779FF82FCD6A403947FF81A" box="[853,1026,1895,1920]" italics="true" pageId="46" pageNumber="47">O. stalagmitica</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
is based on the fact that both have a spicule complement of oxeas, angular sigmas and toxas, but it remains uncertain. There are considerable differences between the present three specimens and Wiedenmayer’s (1977) description. He pictured and described broad-based large specimens provided with numerous thick-walled fistules, while the present material is small, with few thin-walled fistules and rooted bodies. It is possible that the present specimens are juveniles that may eventually grow out to form these large broad thick-fistuled forms. Excepting the rare large fat toxas, the spicule package of the
|
||
<typeStatus id="54BA0FA47778FF83FEC0A38B910EFF62" box="[323,371,224,248]" pageId="47" pageNumber="48">type</typeStatus>
|
||
and the
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F316F1967778FF83FE57A38B9256FF62" box="[468,555,224,248]" name="Guyana" pageId="47" pageNumber="48">Guyana</collectingCountry>
|
||
specimens is largely similar, although the length and thickness of the oxeas is smaller in the Bahamian
|
||
<typeStatus id="54BA0FA47778FF83FE30A26E919EFE87" box="[435,483,261,285]" pageId="47" pageNumber="48">type</typeStatus>
|
||
material (100–155 x 3.5–5 µm). There was some variability in oxea size among the
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F316F1967778FF83FF14A2439093FEDA" box="[151,238,296,320]" name="Guyana" pageId="47" pageNumber="48">Guyana</collectingCountry>
|
||
specimens, with Por. 9846 having them shorter and thicker (156–170
|
||
<date id="FFBF97C67778FF83FC79A2439466FEDA" box="[1018,1051,295,320]" pageId="47" pageNumber="48">x 6</date>
|
||
–7.5 µm) than Por. 9736 (160–202
|
||
<date id="FFBF97C67778FF83FF14A22690C4FEFF" box="[151,185,332,357]" pageId="47" pageNumber="48">x 5</date>
|
||
–6.5 µm), so presumably the oxea size in the
|
||
<typeStatus id="54BA0FA47778FF83FD43A226928DFEFF" box="[704,752,333,357]" pageId="47" pageNumber="48">type</typeStatus>
|
||
falls within the variation of a single species. Lehnert & Van Soest’s (1996) record of this species from North
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F316F1967778FF83FD61A2049342FE12" box="[738,831,367,392]" name="Jamaica" pageId="47" pageNumber="48">Jamaica</collectingCountry>
|
||
, although the shape of their specimen conforms to Wiedenmayer’s specimens, reports the oxeas in a wider size range (125–200
|
||
<date id="FFBF97C67778FF83FBAEA2FE940DFE37" box="[1069,1136,404,429]" pageId="47" pageNumber="48">x 4–6</date>
|
||
µm), which supports the likelihood that the
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F316F1967778FF83FEEEA2D391B9FE4A" box="[365,452,440,464]" name="Guyana" pageId="47" pageNumber="48">Guyana</collectingCountry>
|
||
specimens are conspecific. Lehnert & Van Soest (
|
||
<emphasis id="B9756D147778FF83FC7CA2DC9467FE4A" box="[1023,1050,439,464]" italics="true" pageId="47" pageNumber="48">l.c</emphasis>
|
||
.) distinguished smaller and larger categories of sigmas, 10–25 and 40–52 µm, not confirmed in my specimens.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BBEB1067778FF83FF44A2949407FDA6" blockId="47.[151,1437,151,645]" pageId="47" pageNumber="48">The interpretation of the occurrence of rare fat toxas remains difficult, they may represent a separate spicule category but could also be an environmentally induced modification of the normal toxas.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BBEB1067778FF83FF44A12C9441FD1E" blockId="47.[151,1437,151,645]" pageId="47" pageNumber="48">
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF90CCF77778FF83FF44A12C91FFFDFA" author="Alcolado" box="[199,386,583,608]" pageId="47" pageNumber="48" refString="Alcolado, P. M. (2002) Catalogo de las esponjas de Cuba. Avicennia, 15, 53 - 72." type="journal article" year="2002">Alcolado (2002)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
corrected his earlier record of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C01CA857778FF83FD6AA12C952CFDFA" authority="Schmidt, 1870 (Alcolado, 1980)" authorityName="Schmidt, 1870 (Alcolado" authorityYear="1980" box="[745,1361,583,608]" class="Demospongiae" family="Phloeodictyidae" genus="Rhizochalina" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Haplosclerida" pageId="47" pageNumber="48" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="carotta">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9756D147778FF83FD6AA12C93AAFDFA" box="[745,983,583,608]" italics="true" pageId="47" pageNumber="48">Rhizochalina carotta</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF90CCF77778FF83FC63A12C94FBFDFA" author="Schmidt" box="[992,1158,583,608]" pageId="47" pageNumber="48" refString="Schmidt, O. (1870) Grundzuge einer Spongien-Fauna des atlantischen Gebietes. Wilhelm Engelmann, Leipzig, iii - iv, 88 pp." type="book" year="1870">Schmidt, 1870</bibRefCitation>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF90CCF77778FF83FB14A12C9534FDFA" author="Alcolado" box="[1175,1353,583,608]" pageId="47" pageNumber="48" refString="Alcolado, P. M. (1980) Esponjas de Cuba: Nuevos registros. Poeyana, 197, 1 - 10." type="journal article" year="1980">Alcolado, 1980</bibRefCitation>
|
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)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
to the present species; however, his original record did not mention the presence of toxas.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |