302 lines
28 KiB
XML
302 lines
28 KiB
XML
<document ID-DOI="10.5281/zenodo.272951" ID-GBIF-Dataset="e2c88f4c-3ac2-45f9-95e4-99b75561a081" ID-ISSN="1175-5326" ID-Zenodo-Dep="272951" ID-ZooBank="6D68A019-6F63-4AA4-A8B3-92D351F1F69B" checkinTime="1484409208030" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Van, Rob W. M." docDate="2017" docId="03A800107763FF9AFF14A5A8945AF968" docLanguage="en" docName="zootaxa.4217.1.1.pdf.imf" docOrigin="Zootaxa 1" docStyle="DocumentStylede.uka.ipd.idaho.easyIO.settings.Settings@5ce3343f" docStyleName="zootaxa.2013.monograph" docTitle="Higginsia coralloides Higgin 1877" docType="treatment" docVersion="19" lastPageNumber="55" masterDocId="FF9178687757FFACFF83A36B907DFF9A" masterDocTitle="Sponges of the Guyana Shelf" masterLastPageNumber="225" masterPageNumber="1" pageNumber="53" updateTime="1645784257244" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
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<mods:mods xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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<mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:title>Sponges of the Guyana Shelf</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Van, Rob W. M.</mods:namePart>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:typeOfResource>text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:relatedItem type="host">
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<mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:title>Zootaxa</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:part>
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<mods:date>2017</mods:date>
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||
<mods:detail type="issue">
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<mods:number>1</mods:number>
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</mods:detail>
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<mods:extent unit="page">
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<mods:start>1</mods:start>
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<mods:end>225</mods:end>
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</mods:extent>
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</mods:part>
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</mods:relatedItem>
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<mods:classification>journal article</mods:classification>
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<mods:identifier type="DOI">10.5281/zenodo.272951</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="GBIF-Dataset">e2c88f4c-3ac2-45f9-95e4-99b75561a081</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="ISSN">1175-5326</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="Zenodo-Dep">272951</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="ZooBank">6D68A019-6F63-4AA4-A8B3-92D351F1F69B</mods:identifier>
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</mods:mods>
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<treatment ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5698604" ID-GBIF-Taxon="127419818" ID-Zenodo-Dep="5698604" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03A800107763FF9AFF14A5A8945AF968" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/03A800107763FF9AFF14A5A8945AF968" lastPageId="54" lastPageNumber="55" pageId="52" pageNumber="53">
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<subSubSection pageId="52" pageNumber="53" type="nomenclature">
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||
<paragraph blockId="52.[151,574,1731,1790]" box="[151,574,1731,1757]" pageId="52" pageNumber="53">
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<heading bold="true" box="[151,574,1731,1757]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="52" pageNumber="53" reason="1">
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<taxonomicName authority="Higgin, 1877" authorityName="Higgin" authorityYear="1877" box="[151,574,1731,1757]" class="Demospongiae" family="Heteroxyidae" genus="Higginsia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Halichondrida" pageId="52" pageNumber="53" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="coralloides">
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<emphasis bold="true" box="[151,574,1731,1757]" pageId="52" pageNumber="53">
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<emphasis bold="true" box="[151,409,1731,1757]" italics="true" pageId="52" pageNumber="53">Higginsia coralloides</emphasis>
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<bibRefCitation author="Higgin" box="[416,574,1731,1757]" pageId="52" pageNumber="53" refString="Higgin, T. (1877) Description of some sponges obtained during a cruise of the steam-yacht ' Argo' in the Caribbean and neighbouring seas. Annals and Magazine of Natural History, (4) 19, 291 - 299." type="journal article" year="1877">Higgin, 1877</bibRefCitation>
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</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph blockId="52.[151,574,1731,1790]" box="[151,306,1765,1790]" pageId="52" pageNumber="53">
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<figureCitation box="[151,268,1765,1790]" captionStart="FIGURE 35" captionStartId="54.[151,250,1198,1220]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,193,1177]" captionTargetId="figure@54.[151,1436,193,1177]" captionTargetPageId="54" captionText="FIGURE 35. Higginsia coralloides Higgin, 1877, a, habitus of RMNH Por. 9327 (scale bar = 1 cm), b – f, SEM images of spicules, b, oxea, b 1, detail of b, c, long thin style, c 1, detail of c, d, long thin anisoxea, d 1, detail of d, e, raphidiform oxea, f, acanthoxea, f 1, detail of f." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/272986/files/figure.png" pageId="52" pageNumber="53">Figures 35</figureCitation>
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a–f
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="52" pageNumber="53" type="reference_group">
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<paragraph blockId="52.[151,1436,1837,1951]" pageId="52" pageNumber="53">
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<treatmentCitationGroup pageId="52" pageNumber="53">
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<taxonomicName authority="Higgin, 1877: 291" authorityName="Higgin" authorityPageNumber="291" authorityYear="1877" box="[151,564,1837,1859]" class="Demospongiae" family="Heteroxyidae" genus="Higginsia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Halichondrida" pageId="52" pageNumber="53" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="coralloides">
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<emphasis box="[151,371,1837,1859]" italics="true" pageId="52" pageNumber="53">Higginsia coralloides</emphasis>
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<treatmentCitation author="Higgin" box="[377,564,1837,1859]" page="291" pageId="52" pageNumber="53" year="1877">
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<bibRefCitation author="Higgin" box="[377,514,1837,1859]" pageId="52" pageNumber="53" refString="Higgin, T. (1877) Description of some sponges obtained during a cruise of the steam-yacht ' Argo' in the Caribbean and neighbouring seas. Annals and Magazine of Natural History, (4) 19, 291 - 299." type="journal article" year="1877">Higgin, 1877</bibRefCitation>
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: 291
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</treatmentCitation>
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</taxonomicName>
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, pl. XIV figs 1–5;
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<treatmentCitation author="De" box="[754,1000,1837,1859]" page="17" pageId="52" pageNumber="53" year="1949">
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<bibRefCitation author="De" box="[754,963,1837,1859]" pageId="52" pageNumber="53" refString="De Laubenfels, M. W. (1949) Sponges of the western Bahamas. American Museum Novitates, 1431, 1 - 25." type="journal article" year="1949">De Laubenfels 1949</bibRefCitation>
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: 17
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</treatmentCitation>
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; Hooper 2002: 763, fig. 5;
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<taxonomicName box="[151,355,1868,1890]" class="Demospongiae" family="Heteroxyidae" genus="Higginsia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Halichondrida" pageId="52" pageNumber="53" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="strigilata">
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<emphasis box="[151,355,1868,1890]" italics="true" pageId="52" pageNumber="53">Higginsia strigilata</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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;
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<treatmentCitation author="De" box="[373,648,1868,1890]" page="534" pageId="52" pageNumber="53" year="1953">
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<bibRefCitation author="De" box="[373,593,1868,1890]" pageId="52" pageNumber="53" refString="De Laubenfels, M. W. (1953) Sponges from the Gulf of Mexico. Bulletin of Marine Science of the Gulf and Caribbean, 2 (3), 511 - 557." type="journal article" year="1953">De Laubenfels 1953</bibRefCitation>
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: 534
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</treatmentCitation>
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;
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<treatmentCitation author="Burton" box="[664,856,1868,1890]" page="235" pageId="52" pageNumber="53" year="1954">
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<bibRefCitation author="Burton" box="[664,801,1868,1890]" pageId="52" pageNumber="53" refString="Burton, M. (1954) Sponges. In: The ' Rosaura' Expedition. Part 5. Bulletin of the British Museum (Natural History) Zoology, 2 (6), 215 - 239." type="journal article" year="1954">Burton 1954</bibRefCitation>
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: 235
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</treatmentCitation>
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;
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<treatmentCitation author="Hartman" box="[871,1082,1868,1890]" page="185" pageId="52" pageNumber="53" year="1955">
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<bibRefCitation author="Hartman" box="[871,1025,1868,1890]" pageId="52" pageNumber="53" refString="Hartman, W. D. (1955) A collection of sponges from the west coast of the Yucatan Peninsula with descriptions of two new species. Bulletin of Marine Science of the Gulf and Caribbean, 5 (3), 161 - 189." type="journal article" year="1955">Hartman 1955</bibRefCitation>
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: 185
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</treatmentCitation>
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;
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<treatmentCitation author="Wells" box="[1097,1342,1868,1890]" page="223" pageId="52" pageNumber="53" year="1960">
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<bibRefCitation author="Wells" box="[1097,1287,1868,1890]" pageId="52" pageNumber="53" refString="Wells, H. W., Wells, M. J. & Gray, I. E. (1960) Marine sponges of North Carolina. Journal of the Elisha Mitchell Scientific Society, 76 (2), 200 - 245." type="journal article" year="1960">
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Wells
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<emphasis box="[1165,1222,1868,1890]" italics="true" pageId="52" pageNumber="53">et al.</emphasis>
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1960
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</bibRefCitation>
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: 223
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</treatmentCitation>
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, fig. 52;
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<treatmentCitation author="Wiedenmayer" box="[199,456,1898,1920]" page="156" pageId="52" pageNumber="53" year="1977">
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<bibRefCitation author="Wiedenmayer" box="[199,403,1898,1920]" pageId="52" pageNumber="53" refString="Wiedenmayer, F. (1977) Shallow-water sponges of the western Bahamas. Experientia Supplementum, 28, 1 - 287." type="journal article" year="1977">Wiedenmayer 1977</bibRefCitation>
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: 156
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</treatmentCitation>
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, pl. 33 figs 1–2, text-fig. 157. (Not:
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<taxonomicName authority="Lamarck, 1814" authorityName="Lamarck" authorityYear="1814" box="[845,1196,1898,1920]" class="Demospongiae" family="Spongiidae" genus="Spongia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Dictyoceratida" pageId="52" pageNumber="53" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="strigilata">
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<emphasis box="[845,1030,1898,1920]" italics="true" pageId="52" pageNumber="53">Spongia strigilata</emphasis>
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Lamarck, 1814
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</taxonomicName>
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=
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<emphasis box="[1228,1436,1898,1920]" italics="true" pageId="52" pageNumber="53">
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<taxonomicName box="[1228,1432,1898,1920]" class="Demospongiae" family="Heteroxyidae" genus="Higginsia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Halichondrida" pageId="52" pageNumber="53" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="strigilata">Higginsia strigilata</taxonomicName>
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,
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</emphasis>
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occurrence
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<collectingCountry box="[316,414,1929,1951]" name="Australia" pageId="52" pageNumber="53">Australia</collectingCountry>
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).
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</treatmentCitationGroup>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection lastPageId="53" lastPageNumber="54" pageId="52" pageNumber="53" type="materials_examined">
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<paragraph blockId="52.[151,1436,1996,2021]" lastBlockId="53.[151,1437,151,608]" lastPageId="53" lastPageNumber="54" pageId="52" pageNumber="53">
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<materialsCitation ID-GBIF-Occurrence="1424726408" collectingDate="1969-04-09" collectionCode="RMNH" collectorName="Luymes O. C. P. S." country="Guyana" elevation="27" lastPageId="53" lastPageNumber="54" latitude="6.2217" location="Guyana" longLatPrecision="55" longitude="-57.825" pageId="52" pageNumber="53" specimenCount="1">
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<emphasis bold="true" box="[151,392,1996,2021]" pageId="52" pageNumber="53">Material examined.</emphasis>
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<collectionCode box="[407,491,1997,2020]" country="Netherlands" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34992" name="National Museum of Natural History, Naturalis" pageId="52" pageNumber="53">RMNH</collectionCode>
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Por. 6304,
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<collectingCountry box="[643,734,1996,2020]" name="Guyana" pageId="52" pageNumber="53">Guyana</collectingCountry>
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,‘
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<collectorName box="[742,950,1996,2020]" pageId="52" pageNumber="53">Luymes O.C.P.S.</collectorName>
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’
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<collectingCountry box="[971,1058,1996,2020]" name="Guyana" pageId="52" pageNumber="53">Guyana</collectingCountry>
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Shelf Expedition, station N79,
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<geoCoordinate box="[151,260,151,176]" direction="north" orientation="latitude" pageId="53" pageNumber="54" precision="5" value="6.2217">6.2217°N</geoCoordinate>
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<geoCoordinate box="[266,381,151,176]" direction="west" orientation="longitude" pageId="53" pageNumber="54" precision="55" value="-57.825">57.825°W</geoCoordinate>
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, depth
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<quantity box="[461,519,152,176]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.7" pageId="53" pageNumber="54" unit="m" value="27.0">
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<elevation box="[461,519,152,176]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.7" pageId="53" pageNumber="54" unit="m" value="27.0">27 m</elevation>
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</quantity>
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, Agassiz trawl,
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<date box="[698,844,151,176]" pageId="53" pageNumber="54" value="1969-04-09">
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<collectingDate box="[698,844,151,176]" pageId="53" pageNumber="54" value="1969-04-09">9 April 1969</collectingDate>
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</date>
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</materialsCitation>
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;
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<materialsCitation ID-GBIF-Occurrence="1424726400" collectingDate="1970-09-03" collectionCode="RMNH" country="Guyana" elevation="24" latitude="6.9" location="Guyana" longLatPrecision="7828" longitude="-57.5" pageId="53" pageNumber="54" specimenCount="1">
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<collectionCode box="[855,939,152,175]" country="Netherlands" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34992" name="National Museum of Natural History, Naturalis" pageId="53" pageNumber="54">RMNH</collectionCode>
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Por. 9327,
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<collectingCountry box="[1067,1157,152,176]" name="Guyana" pageId="53" pageNumber="54">Guyana</collectingCountry>
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, ‘Luymes’
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<collectingCountry box="[1283,1370,152,176]" name="Guyana" pageId="53" pageNumber="54">Guyana</collectingCountry>
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Shelf Expedition, station 95,
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<geoCoordinate box="[411,477,188,213]" direction="north" orientation="latitude" pageId="53" pageNumber="54" precision="5555" value="6.9">6.9°N</geoCoordinate>
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<geoCoordinate box="[485,572,188,213]" direction="west" orientation="longitude" pageId="53" pageNumber="54" precision="5555" value="-57.5">57.5°W</geoCoordinate>
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, depth
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<quantity box="[652,753,188,212]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.35" metricValueMax="2.4" metricValueMin="2.3" pageId="53" pageNumber="54" unit="m" value="23.5" valueMax="24.0" valueMin="23.0">
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<elevation box="[652,753,188,212]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.35" metricValueMax="2.4" metricValueMin="2.3" pageId="53" pageNumber="54" unit="m" value="23.5" valueMax="24.0" valueMin="23.0">23–24 m</elevation>
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</quantity>
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, mixed hard bottom,
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<date box="[992,1200,188,213]" pageId="53" pageNumber="54" value="1970-09-03">
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<collectingDate box="[992,1200,188,213]" pageId="53" pageNumber="54" value="1970-09-03">3 September 1970</collectingDate>
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</date>
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</materialsCitation>
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.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection lastPageId="54" lastPageNumber="55" pageId="53" pageNumber="54" type="description">
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<paragraph blockId="53.[151,1437,151,608]" pageId="53" pageNumber="54">
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<emphasis bold="true" box="[199,345,223,248]" pageId="53" pageNumber="54">Description.</emphasis>
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Two specimens, one inverted cone-shaped bush of tightly compressed branches (
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<figureCitation box="[1263,1345,223,248]" captionStart="FIGURE 35" captionStartId="54.[151,250,1198,1220]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,193,1177]" captionTargetId="figure@54.[151,1436,193,1177]" captionTargetPageId="54" captionText="FIGURE 35. Higginsia coralloides Higgin, 1877, a, habitus of RMNH Por. 9327 (scale bar = 1 cm), b – f, SEM images of spicules, b, oxea, b 1, detail of b, c, long thin style, c 1, detail of c, d, long thin anisoxea, d 1, detail of d, e, raphidiform oxea, f, acanthoxea, f 1, detail of f." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/272986/files/figure.png" pageId="53" pageNumber="54">Fig. 35</figureCitation>
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a),
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<quantity box="[1380,1436,224,247]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="7.0" pageId="53" pageNumber="54" unit="cm" value="7.0">7 cm</quantity>
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||
high,
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||
<quantity box="[215,270,261,284]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="7.0" pageId="53" pageNumber="54" unit="cm" value="7.0">7 cm</quantity>
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||
in widest expansion, the other a smaller erect finger-shaped sponge,
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||
<quantity box="[1044,1099,260,284]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.0" pageId="53" pageNumber="54" unit="cm" value="4.0">4 cm</quantity>
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||
high,
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||
<quantity box="[1170,1246,260,285]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.5" pageId="53" pageNumber="54" unit="cm" value="1.5">1.5 cm</quantity>
|
||
in diameter. The larger bush narrows to a short stalk, but no attachment to the substratum is preserved, the other is attached to a dead bivalve shell with a broad holdfast. The surface of individual branches is irregularly conulose/corrugated, hispid. Colors (in alcohol) are shades of orange and light brown. Consistency is firm to hard.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph blockId="53.[151,1437,151,608]" pageId="53" pageNumber="54">
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<emphasis bold="true" box="[199,309,404,429]" pageId="53" pageNumber="54">Skeleton.</emphasis>
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The choanosomal skeleton is a tight reticulation of oxeas, occupying about two-thirds or more of the thickness of the individual branches. Extra-axial spicules are long thin styles and anisoxeas. These are protruding from the centre of the skeleton, surrounded by rare thin ectosomal oxeas, at the surface piercing it and causing hispidation. Inbetween the styles, the surface skeleton is a tangential layer of acanthoxeas, and these are also scattered in the extra-axial region.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph blockId="53.[151,1437,151,608]" box="[199,1309,583,608]" pageId="53" pageNumber="54">
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" box="[199,297,583,608]" pageId="53" pageNumber="54">Spicules</emphasis>
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||
. (
|
||
<figureCitation box="[318,402,583,608]" captionStart="FIGURE 35" captionStartId="54.[151,250,1198,1220]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,193,1177]" captionTargetId="figure@54.[151,1436,193,1177]" captionTargetPageId="54" captionText="FIGURE 35. Higginsia coralloides Higgin, 1877, a, habitus of RMNH Por. 9327 (scale bar = 1 cm), b – f, SEM images of spicules, b, oxea, b 1, detail of b, c, long thin style, c 1, detail of c, d, long thin anisoxea, d 1, detail of d, e, raphidiform oxea, f, acanthoxea, f 1, detail of f." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/272986/files/figure.png" pageId="53" pageNumber="54">Figs 35</figureCitation>
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b–f) Oxeas, long thin styles and ditto oxeas, small thin oxeas, acanthomicroxeas.
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</paragraph>
|
||
<caption httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/272985/files/figure.png" pageId="53" pageNumber="54" targetBox="[151,1436,661,1926]" targetPageId="53">
|
||
<paragraph blockId="53.[151,1436,1948,2000]" pageId="53" pageNumber="54">
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||
<emphasis bold="true" box="[151,293,1948,1970]" pageId="53" pageNumber="54">FIGURE 34.</emphasis>
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||
<taxonomicName box="[305,423,1948,1970]" class="Demospongiae" family="Heteroxyidae" genus="Halicnemia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Halichondrida" pageId="53" pageNumber="54" phylum="Porifera" rank="genus">
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||
<emphasis box="[305,423,1948,1970]" italics="true" pageId="53" pageNumber="54">Halicnemia</emphasis>
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||
</taxonomicName>
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sp., a–c, SEM images of spicules, a, tylostyle, a1, detail of a, b, tornote, b1, detail of b, c, acanthoxeas.
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</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
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||
<caption httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/272986/files/figure.png" pageId="54" pageNumber="55" targetBox="[151,1436,193,1177]" targetPageId="54">
|
||
<paragraph blockId="54.[151,1436,1198,1281]" pageId="54" pageNumber="55">
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||
<emphasis bold="true" box="[151,290,1198,1220]" pageId="54" pageNumber="55">FIGURE 35.</emphasis>
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<taxonomicName authority="Higgin, 1877" authorityName="Higgin" authorityYear="1877" box="[299,669,1198,1220]" class="Demospongiae" family="Heteroxyidae" genus="Higginsia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Halichondrida" pageId="54" pageNumber="55" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="coralloides">
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||
<emphasis box="[299,522,1198,1220]" italics="true" pageId="54" pageNumber="55">Higginsia coralloides</emphasis>
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Higgin, 1877
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</taxonomicName>
|
||
, a, habitus of RMNH Por. 9327 (scale bar = 1 cm), b–f, SEM images of spicules, b, oxea, b1, detail of b, c, long thin style, c1, detail of c, d, long thin
|
||
<taxonomicName box="[950,1041,1229,1251]" class="Demospongiae" family="Geodiidae" genus="Penares" kingdom="Animalia" order="Astrophorida" pageId="54" pageNumber="55" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="anisoxea">anisoxea</taxonomicName>
|
||
, d1, detail of d, e, raphidiform oxea, f, acanthoxea, f1, detail of f.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<paragraph blockId="54.[151,1436,1321,1778]" pageId="54" pageNumber="55">
|
||
Oxeas of the choanosomal skeleton (
|
||
<figureCitation box="[611,695,1321,1346]" captionStart="FIGURE 35" captionStartId="54.[151,250,1198,1220]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,193,1177]" captionTargetId="figure@54.[151,1436,193,1177]" captionTargetPageId="54" captionText="FIGURE 35. Higginsia coralloides Higgin, 1877, a, habitus of RMNH Por. 9327 (scale bar = 1 cm), b – f, SEM images of spicules, b, oxea, b 1, detail of b, c, long thin style, c 1, detail of c, d, long thin anisoxea, d 1, detail of d, e, raphidiform oxea, f, acanthoxea, f 1, detail of f." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/272986/files/figure.png" pageId="54" pageNumber="55">Fig. 35</figureCitation>
|
||
b,b1), fusiform, curved, gradually tapering to slightly blunt points, 582–
|
||
<emphasis box="[207,249,1356,1381]" italics="true" pageId="54" pageNumber="55">642</emphasis>
|
||
–738
|
||
<date box="[312,359,1356,1381]" pageId="54" pageNumber="55" value="2015-10">x 15</date>
|
||
–
|
||
<emphasis box="[375,424,1357,1381]" italics="true" pageId="54" pageNumber="55">20.2</emphasis>
|
||
–24 µm.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph blockId="54.[151,1436,1321,1778]" pageId="54" pageNumber="55">
|
||
Long thin styles of the extra-axial skeleton (
|
||
<figureCitation box="[707,793,1393,1418]" captionStart="FIGURE 35" captionStartId="54.[151,250,1198,1220]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,193,1177]" captionTargetId="figure@54.[151,1436,193,1177]" captionTargetPageId="54" captionText="FIGURE 35. Higginsia coralloides Higgin, 1877, a, habitus of RMNH Por. 9327 (scale bar = 1 cm), b – f, SEM images of spicules, b, oxea, b 1, detail of b, c, long thin style, c 1, detail of c, d, long thin anisoxea, d 1, detail of d, e, raphidiform oxea, f, acanthoxea, f 1, detail of f." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/272986/files/figure.png" pageId="54" pageNumber="55">Fig. 35</figureCitation>
|
||
c,c1), occasionally modified to long thin anisoxeas (
|
||
<figureCitation captionStart="FIGURE 35" captionStartId="54.[151,250,1198,1220]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,193,1177]" captionTargetId="figure@54.[151,1436,193,1177]" captionTargetPageId="54" captionText="FIGURE 35. Higginsia coralloides Higgin, 1877, a, habitus of RMNH Por. 9327 (scale bar = 1 cm), b – f, SEM images of spicules, b, oxea, b 1, detail of b, c, long thin style, c 1, detail of c, d, long thin anisoxea, d 1, detail of d, e, raphidiform oxea, f, acanthoxea, f 1, detail of f." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/272986/files/figure.png" pageId="54" pageNumber="55">Figs 35</figureCitation>
|
||
d,d1), curved, largely equidiametrical, gradually tapering to sharp points,
|
||
<date box="[1004,1129,1429,1453]" pageId="54" pageNumber="55" value="1144" valueMax="1428">
|
||
1144–
|
||
<emphasis box="[1073,1129,1429,1453]" italics="true" pageId="54" pageNumber="55">1428</emphasis>
|
||
</date>
|
||
–
|
||
<date box="[1144,1220,1429,1453]" pageId="54" pageNumber="55" value="1817-10">1817 x</date>
|
||
7.5–
|
||
<emphasis box="[1276,1325,1429,1453]" italics="true" pageId="54" pageNumber="55">12.1</emphasis>
|
||
–18 µm.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph blockId="54.[151,1436,1321,1778]" pageId="54" pageNumber="55">
|
||
Raphidiform oxeas (
|
||
<figureCitation box="[428,509,1465,1490]" captionStart="FIGURE 35" captionStartId="54.[151,250,1198,1220]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,193,1177]" captionTargetId="figure@54.[151,1436,193,1177]" captionTargetPageId="54" captionText="FIGURE 35. Higginsia coralloides Higgin, 1877, a, habitus of RMNH Por. 9327 (scale bar = 1 cm), b – f, SEM images of spicules, b, oxea, b 1, detail of b, c, long thin style, c 1, detail of c, d, long thin anisoxea, d 1, detail of d, e, raphidiform oxea, f, acanthoxea, f 1, detail of f." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/272986/files/figure.png" pageId="54" pageNumber="55">Fig. 35</figureCitation>
|
||
e) of the ectosomal skeleton, widely varying in length and curvature, 246–
|
||
<emphasis box="[1338,1380,1466,1489]" italics="true" pageId="54" pageNumber="55">577</emphasis>
|
||
–798 x 1.5–
|
||
<emphasis box="[221,256,1501,1525]" italics="true" pageId="54" pageNumber="55">5.1</emphasis>
|
||
–10 µm
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph blockId="54.[151,1436,1321,1778]" pageId="54" pageNumber="55">
|
||
Acanthomicroxeas (
|
||
<figureCitation box="[428,521,1537,1562]" captionStart="FIGURE 35" captionStartId="54.[151,250,1198,1220]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,193,1177]" captionTargetId="figure@54.[151,1436,193,1177]" captionTargetPageId="54" captionText="FIGURE 35. Higginsia coralloides Higgin, 1877, a, habitus of RMNH Por. 9327 (scale bar = 1 cm), b – f, SEM images of spicules, b, oxea, b 1, detail of b, c, long thin style, c 1, detail of c, d, long thin anisoxea, d 1, detail of d, e, raphidiform oxea, f, acanthoxea, f 1, detail of f." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/272986/files/figure.png" pageId="54" pageNumber="55">Figs 35</figureCitation>
|
||
f,f1), usually curved, occasionally with an abrupt angular midsection, strongly spined with long conical spines, occasionally lighter spined or merely rugose, 93–
|
||
<emphasis box="[1069,1111,1573,1597]" italics="true" pageId="54" pageNumber="55">139</emphasis>
|
||
–183
|
||
<date box="[1174,1207,1573,1597]" pageId="54" pageNumber="55">x 3</date>
|
||
–
|
||
<emphasis box="[1223,1258,1573,1597]" italics="true" pageId="54" pageNumber="55">4.2</emphasis>
|
||
–6 µm.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection pageId="54" pageNumber="55" type="distribution">
|
||
<paragraph blockId="54.[151,1436,1321,1778]" pageId="54" pageNumber="55">
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" box="[199,505,1609,1634]" pageId="54" pageNumber="55">Distribution and ecology.</emphasis>
|
||
<collectingCountry box="[515,602,1609,1633]" name="Guyana" pageId="54" pageNumber="55">Guyana</collectingCountry>
|
||
Shelf,
|
||
<collectingCountry box="[688,786,1609,1634]" name="Grenada" pageId="54" pageNumber="55">Grenada</collectingCountry>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingCountry box="[800,905,1609,1634]" name="Bahamas" pageId="54" pageNumber="55">Bahamas</collectingCountry>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingRegion box="[920,1004,1609,1634]" country="United States of America" name="Florida" pageId="54" pageNumber="55">Florida</collectingRegion>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingCountry box="[1018,1136,1609,1634]" name="Nicaragua" pageId="54" pageNumber="55">Nicaragua</collectingCountry>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingRegion box="[1150,1243,1610,1633]" country="Mexico" name="Yucatan" pageId="54" pageNumber="55">Yucatan</collectingRegion>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingRegion box="[1257,1432,1609,1634]" country="United States of America" name="North Carolina" pageId="54" pageNumber="55">
|
||
North
|
||
<collectingRegion box="[1333,1432,1609,1634]" country="Puerto Rico" name="Carolina" pageId="54" pageNumber="55">Carolina</collectingRegion>
|
||
</collectingRegion>
|
||
, possibly
|
||
<collectingCountry box="[251,319,1644,1669]" name="Brazil" pageId="54" pageNumber="55">Brazil</collectingCountry>
|
||
(Muricy
|
||
<emphasis box="[425,482,1644,1669]" italics="true" pageId="54" pageNumber="55">et al.</emphasis>
|
||
2011), hard bottom at
|
||
<quantity box="[737,822,1645,1669]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.15" metricValueMax="3.4" metricValueMin="0.9" pageId="54" pageNumber="55" unit="m" value="21.5" valueMax="34.0" valueMin="9.0">9–34 m</quantity>
|
||
depth (
|
||
<collectingCountry box="[906,995,1645,1669]" name="Guyana" pageId="54" pageNumber="55">Guyana</collectingCountry>
|
||
Shelf
|
||
<quantity box="[1067,1170,1645,1669]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.5" metricValueMax="2.7" metricValueMin="2.3" pageId="54" pageNumber="55" unit="m" value="25.0" valueMax="27.0" valueMin="23.0">23–27 m</quantity>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection pageId="54" pageNumber="55" type="discussion">
|
||
<paragraph blockId="54.[151,1436,1321,1778]" pageId="54" pageNumber="55">
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" box="[199,315,1681,1706]" pageId="54" pageNumber="55">Remarks.</emphasis>
|
||
The shape of the present specimens appears rather different from the images of the
|
||
<typeStatus box="[1257,1305,1682,1706]" pageId="54" pageNumber="55">type</typeStatus>
|
||
(cf.
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="Higgin" pageId="54" pageNumber="55" refString="Higgin, T. (1877) Description of some sponges obtained during a cruise of the steam-yacht ' Argo' in the Caribbean and neighbouring seas. Annals and Magazine of Natural History, (4) 19, 291 - 299." type="journal article" year="1877">Higgin 1877</bibRefCitation>
|
||
, pl. XIV fig. 1) and of the Bahama specimens described by
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="Wiedenmayer" box="[893,1315,1716,1741]" pageId="54" pageNumber="55" refString="Wiedenmayer, F. (1977) Shallow-water sponges of the western Bahamas. Experientia Supplementum, 28, 1 - 287." type="journal article" year="1977">Wiedenmayer (1977, pl. 33 figs 1–2)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
. However, skeleton, spicule
|
||
<typeStatus box="[344,403,1754,1778]" pageId="54" pageNumber="55">types</typeStatus>
|
||
and sizes match well, so the identification appears certain.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |