91 lines
13 KiB
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91 lines
13 KiB
XML
<document id="055D37C2BE77707DB70B477675E62909" ID-DOI="10.1080/00222930500140629" ID-ISSN="1464-5262" ID-Zenodo-Dep="5219994" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.tables_requiresApprovalFor="existingObjects,plazi" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1629350369910" checkinUser="felipe" docAuthor="Bálint, Zsolt, Vértesy, Zofia & Biró, László P." docDate="2005" docId="03A4CD19FF8C0D18FE3EFAD27F7AFA16" docLanguage="en" docName="JNatHist.39.31.2935-2952.pdf" docOrigin="Journal of Natural History 39 (31)" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00222930500140629" docStyle="DocumentStyle:7E99CF6C63B49250F2A87C3AEDC82D8C.2:JNatHist.2005-2007.journal_article.2cover" docStyleId="7E99CF6C63B49250F2A87C3AEDC82D8C" docStyleName="JNatHist.2005-2007.journal_article.2cover" docStyleVersion="2" docTitle="Thecloxurina atymna" docType="treatment" docVersion="3" lastPageNumber="2942" masterDocId="FF9DB561FF850D12FFC2FFC47B7EFFD7" masterDocTitle="Microstructures and nanostructures of high Andean Penaincisalia lycaenid butterfly scales (Lepidoptera: Lycaenidae): descriptions and interpretations" masterLastPageNumber="2952" masterPageNumber="2935" pageNumber="2942" updateTime="1699069084240" updateUser="plazi" zenodo-license-document="CC-BY-4.0" zenodo-license-figures="CC-BY-4.0">
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<mods:title id="691CD029E65B57EF642620A99BF18D51">Microstructures and nanostructures of high Andean Penaincisalia lycaenid butterfly scales (Lepidoptera: Lycaenidae): descriptions and interpretations</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="4642E598D2F51D593225905CEF81F052">Bálint, Zsolt</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="BB1CAE0BC7E77E0EB91DF175B93B5953">Vértesy, Zofia</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="F52650EDA4FB2F062D4A69DFE18FBBB0">Biró, László P.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:title id="9C7F5153A0C07457C67D088900929BA9">Journal of Natural History</mods:title>
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<mods:date id="E7C4804D53B01889603C5A6C151F4556">2005</mods:date>
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<mods:number id="512CB6C3FE0DBF24549C28680AD39A73">2005-09-15</mods:number>
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<mods:number id="E4F216BCD3E41EBA4C6CBA5D3F704D80">39</mods:number>
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<heading id="D0FACB63FF8C0D1BFE3EFAD27868FAF9" box="[508,790,1302,1326]" centered="true" fontSize="10" level="2" pageId="9" pageNumber="2942" reason="2">
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<taxonomicName id="4C0D078CFF8C0D1BFE3EFAD27868FAF9" baseAuthorityName="Hewitson" baseAuthorityYear="1870" box="[508,790,1302,1326]" class="Insecta" family="Lycaenidae" genus="Thecloxurina" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="9" pageNumber="2942" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="atymna">
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<emphasis id="B979A01DFF8C0D1BFE3EFAD27868FAF9" bold="true" box="[508,790,1302,1326]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="2942">Thecloxurina atymna</emphasis>
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<subSubSection id="C3172F84FF8C0D18FDE2FAF37F7AFA16" lastPageId="10" lastPageNumber="2943" pageId="9" pageNumber="2942" type="description">
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<paragraph id="8BB27C0FFF8C0D1BFDE2FAF3798FFA98" blockId="9.[508,790,1302,1359]" box="[544,753,1335,1359]" pageId="9" pageNumber="2942">
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(
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<figureCitation id="1336608AFF8C0D1BFDEAFAF379B4FA98" box="[552,714,1335,1359]" captionStart="Figure 1" captionStartId="5.[125,185,1025,1044]" captionTargetBox="[128,1173,163,986]" captionTargetId="figure-110@5.[125,1173,133,989]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="Figure 1. Lycaenid butterfly species investigated showing male dorsal wing surfaces. (A) Penaincisalia aurulenta Johnson, 1990 (Peru: PN Huascarán, Quebrada Demanda; HNHM); (B) Penaincisalia perezi Bálint, 2001 (Peru: PN Husacarán; Llanganuco; HNHM paratype); (C) Penaincisalia culminicola (Staudinger, 1894) (Peru: PNB Huascarán, Llanganuco; HNHM); (D) Thecloxurina loxurina (Felder and Felder, 1865) (Ecuador: Carchi, Res. Forest. Golondrinas; HNHM); (E) Thecloxurina atymna (Hewitson, 1870) (Ecuador: Zamora, Cord. Lagunillas; HNHM); (F) Thecloxurina atymna (Hewitson, 1870) (Ecuador: Azuay, Cuenca; HNHM)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5219996" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5219996/files/figure.png" pageId="9" pageNumber="2942">Figures 1E, F</figureCitation>
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,
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<figureCitation id="1336608AFF8C0D1BFD1BFAF37997FA98" box="[729,745,1335,1359]" captionStart="Figure 6" captionStartId="11.[125,185,1611,1630]" captionTargetBox="[141,1156,137,1575]" captionTargetId="figure-1@11.[141,1156,137,1575]" captionTargetPageId="11" captionText="Figure 6. Scanning electron micrographs of Thecloxurina atymna scale microstructures. (A) Tile- or shovel-shaped scales, deep dentation; (B) low longitudinal ridges with flutes, straight cross ribs, and rectangular microcells; (C–F) strong ridges and ribs in slight disorder, microcells open or closed; (G, H) wispy material in microcells." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5220006" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5220006/files/figure.png" pageId="9" pageNumber="2942">6</figureCitation>
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)
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8BB27C0FFF8C0D18FFBFFABC7F7AFA16" blockId="9.[125,1173,1400,1683]" lastBlockId="10.[138,1185,1417,1473]" lastPageId="10" lastPageNumber="2943" pageId="9" pageNumber="2942">
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The dorsal colours are Pansil Violet and Burnt Orange (
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<figureCitation id="1336608AFF8C0D1BFCC9FABC78DDFA47" box="[779,931,1400,1424]" captionStart="Figure 1" captionStartId="5.[125,185,1025,1044]" captionTargetBox="[128,1173,163,986]" captionTargetId="figure-110@5.[125,1173,133,989]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="Figure 1. Lycaenid butterfly species investigated showing male dorsal wing surfaces. (A) Penaincisalia aurulenta Johnson, 1990 (Peru: PN Huascarán, Quebrada Demanda; HNHM); (B) Penaincisalia perezi Bálint, 2001 (Peru: PN Husacarán; Llanganuco; HNHM paratype); (C) Penaincisalia culminicola (Staudinger, 1894) (Peru: PNB Huascarán, Llanganuco; HNHM); (D) Thecloxurina loxurina (Felder and Felder, 1865) (Ecuador: Carchi, Res. Forest. Golondrinas; HNHM); (E) Thecloxurina atymna (Hewitson, 1870) (Ecuador: Zamora, Cord. Lagunillas; HNHM); (F) Thecloxurina atymna (Hewitson, 1870) (Ecuador: Azuay, Cuenca; HNHM)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5219996" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5219996/files/figure.png" pageId="9" pageNumber="2942">Figure 1E, F</figureCitation>
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). The scales are tile- or shovel-shaped (
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<figureCitation id="1336608AFF8C0D1BFE90FA5C7AB2FA67" box="[338,460,1432,1456]" captionStart="Figure 6" captionStartId="11.[125,185,1611,1630]" captionTargetBox="[141,1156,137,1575]" captionTargetId="figure-1@11.[141,1156,137,1575]" captionTargetPageId="11" captionText="Figure 6. Scanning electron micrographs of Thecloxurina atymna scale microstructures. (A) Tile- or shovel-shaped scales, deep dentation; (B) low longitudinal ridges with flutes, straight cross ribs, and rectangular microcells; (C–F) strong ridges and ribs in slight disorder, microcells open or closed; (G, H) wispy material in microcells." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5220006" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5220006/files/figure.png" pageId="9" pageNumber="2942">Figure 6A</figureCitation>
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). The tile-shaped scales are long with a length/width ratio of 3.5/1 (140/
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). The tile-shaped scales are deeply dentate. The less dentate shovelshaped scales are intermediate with a length/width ratio of 3/1 (90/
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<quantity id="4CF5D1EAFF8C0D1BFC35FA1D7F3AFA26" box="[1015,1092,1495,1521]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="6.0" pageId="9" pageNumber="2942" unit="mm" value="60.0">60 mm</quantity>
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). The microstructures of the scales are identical: the parallel longitudinal ridges are low, showing flutes, and form, with straight cross ribs, rectangular microcells (
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<figureCitation id="1336608AFF8C0D1BFC9EF9DE78AAF9E5" box="[860,980,1562,1586]" captionStart="Figure 6" captionStartId="11.[125,185,1611,1630]" captionTargetBox="[141,1156,137,1575]" captionTargetId="figure-1@11.[141,1156,137,1575]" captionTargetPageId="11" captionText="Figure 6. Scanning electron micrographs of Thecloxurina atymna scale microstructures. (A) Tile- or shovel-shaped scales, deep dentation; (B) low longitudinal ridges with flutes, straight cross ribs, and rectangular microcells; (C–F) strong ridges and ribs in slight disorder, microcells open or closed; (G, H) wispy material in microcells." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5220006" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5220006/files/figure.png" pageId="9" pageNumber="2942">Figure 6B</figureCitation>
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). The ridges and the ribs are strong, and sometimes with highly irregular interval sequences; the microcells are either open, or partly to completely closed (
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<figureCitation id="1336608AFF8C0D1BFD1BF99F780CF9A4" box="[729,882,1627,1651]" captionStart="Figure 6" captionStartId="11.[125,185,1611,1630]" captionTargetBox="[141,1156,137,1575]" captionTargetId="figure-1@11.[141,1156,137,1575]" captionTargetPageId="11" captionText="Figure 6. Scanning electron micrographs of Thecloxurina atymna scale microstructures. (A) Tile- or shovel-shaped scales, deep dentation; (B) low longitudinal ridges with flutes, straight cross ribs, and rectangular microcells; (C–F) strong ridges and ribs in slight disorder, microcells open or closed; (G, H) wispy material in microcells." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5220006" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5220006/files/figure.png" pageId="9" pageNumber="2942">Figure 6C–F</figureCitation>
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). Pepper-pot-like nanostructure fragments can be seen deeply within, but there are also entirely empty regions. The violet structural colour of the basal and median area of the wing dorsa is produced by the pepper-pot nanostructures still intact in particular areas (
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<figureCitation id="1336608AFF8F0D18FC96FA6D7888FA16" box="[852,1014,1449,1473]" captionStart="Figure 6" captionStartId="11.[125,185,1611,1630]" captionTargetBox="[141,1156,137,1575]" captionTargetId="figure-1@11.[141,1156,137,1575]" captionTargetPageId="11" captionText="Figure 6. Scanning electron micrographs of Thecloxurina atymna scale microstructures. (A) Tile- or shovel-shaped scales, deep dentation; (B) low longitudinal ridges with flutes, straight cross ribs, and rectangular microcells; (C–F) strong ridges and ribs in slight disorder, microcells open or closed; (G, H) wispy material in microcells." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5220006" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5220006/files/figure.png" pageId="10" pageNumber="2943">Figure 6G, H</figureCitation>
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).
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</paragraph>
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