1676 lines
180 KiB
XML
1676 lines
180 KiB
XML
<document id="50F2C8109F50B9E747EACA7255DC1102" ID-CLB-Dataset="36881" ID-DOI="10.11646/zootaxa.3781.1.1" ID-GBIF-Dataset="b6bac6d0-db3d-4c14-b289-ef0bb7184f3a" ID-ISSN="1175-5326" ID-Zenodo-Dep="285772" ID-ZooBank="D0E3A02D-340D-423F-9ADB-1089FB89C7EB" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1460402175078" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Spodek, Malkie & Ben-Dov, Yair" docDate="2014" docId="03A2A358FF9DFFA039A9E99DFB72444E" docLanguage="en" docName="zt03781p099.pdf" docOrigin="Zootaxa 3781 (1)" docStyle="DocumentStyle:5EBBA59367AD13919D70D935FA04F6A3.14:Zootaxa.2013-.monograph" docStyleId="5EBBA59367AD13919D70D935FA04F6A3" docStyleName="Zootaxa.2013-.monograph" docStyleVersion="14" docTitle="Nidularia balachowskii Bodenheimer" docType="treatment" docVersion="6" lastPageNumber="93" masterDocId="FF9BDB20FFD3FFFC393EED1CFF974776" masterDocTitle="A taxonomic revision of the Kermesidae (Hemiptera: Coccoidea) in Israel, with a description of a new species" masterLastPageNumber="99" masterPageNumber="1" pageNumber="79" updateTime="1698299345580" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
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<mods:mods id="685D6C7505E444661F3D626CE8E2B51E" xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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<mods:titleInfo id="9C56663F00CCACA8BA5B3CB248D1B3B9">
|
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<mods:title id="407185A25512219241D5D77942FFF44B">A taxonomic revision of the Kermesidae (Hemiptera: Coccoidea) in Israel, with a description of a new species</mods:title>
|
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:name id="C5922FE33D71A564B26F1C1F23F39274" type="personal">
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<mods:role id="B38641D1573272A335970ACDF49A4CD3">
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<mods:roleTerm id="1D5D0ABD4BBD3A19A11B713768E19AFA">Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart id="0CDD2E3CBBEA0D94C61ACDE62918964D">Spodek, Malkie</mods:namePart>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:name id="D2A3F34CE51DDD427C6D7DC6070CD7C5" type="personal">
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<mods:role id="81D007A393B587CC050195E63ECCEADB">
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<mods:roleTerm id="1F5E064B39599F9172DA57991A64FC1E">Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart id="367020C8692931A847B901712F25F836">Ben-Dov, Yair</mods:namePart>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:typeOfResource id="943D226F8EEB0D8756A5DBBBF2396656">text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:relatedItem id="E773A5B071A9466B4BC6C3829189E75C" type="host">
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<mods:titleInfo id="E01EBB6EF559E9F6EE59232FD5546928">
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<mods:title id="368174B19A95318A4EA93C524DE3CBE2">Zootaxa</mods:title>
|
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</mods:titleInfo>
|
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<mods:part id="B064B7486E72C6629757E235383FED3C">
|
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<mods:date id="D5CB863277E90A672658493653E7CBE9">2014</mods:date>
|
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<mods:detail id="87176ED0338BBA4AE7785B0E5AC6BBCF" type="volume">
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<mods:number id="0FFC1C42594DA764A7471488EC0E71B8">3781</mods:number>
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</mods:detail>
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<mods:detail id="A3E02A7FFBAFBA513AC0CD4581A6037E" type="issue">
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<mods:number id="697B32E90A9EE963E50BEE937741D7FC">1</mods:number>
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<mods:start id="5800EA3904EC20AB1A8A7883B237A1A9">1</mods:start>
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<mods:end id="8419D938F975B540A88D19C28FBC2F58">99</mods:end>
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</mods:extent>
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</mods:part>
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<mods:classification id="4D81E32F14E5AC2346C9AA58D18CEE7F">journal article</mods:classification>
|
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<mods:identifier id="B751EE803A998E22827B12618F4858CA" type="CLB-Dataset">36881</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier id="9371C851BBBA3407CB427CDD0B86BD36" type="DOI">10.11646/zootaxa.3781.1.1</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier id="B5EDBBE7F8D2CCABBE5B97404CA7B67C" type="GBIF-Dataset">b6bac6d0-db3d-4c14-b289-ef0bb7184f3a</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier id="B3537B0CCF7820EA98D640A364976C4A" type="ISSN">1175-5326</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier id="1B475BAABBAC74E779789BBADFE252D4" type="Zenodo-Dep">285772</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier id="699D9EDF1FD23031B850EB05D3874A70" type="ZooBank">D0E3A02D-340D-423F-9ADB-1089FB89C7EB</mods:identifier>
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</mods:mods>
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<treatment id="03A2A358FF9DFFA039A9E99DFB72444E" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6141265" ID-GBIF-Taxon="127667402" ID-Zenodo-Dep="6141265" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03A2A358FF9DFFA039A9E99DFB72444E" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/03A2A358FF9DFFA039A9E99DFB72444E" lastPageId="92" lastPageNumber="93" pageId="78" pageNumber="79">
|
||
<subSubSection id="C31141C5FF9DFFB239A9E99DFE6E43CB" pageId="78" pageNumber="79" type="nomenclature">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BB4124EFF9DFFB239A9E99DFDF743ED" blockId="78.[151,608,1153,1213]" box="[151,608,1153,1179]" pageId="78" pageNumber="79">
|
||
<heading id="D0FCA522FF9DFFB239A9E99DFDF743ED" bold="true" box="[151,608,1153,1179]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="78" pageNumber="79" reason="1">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0B69CDFF9DFFB239A9E99DFDF743ED" ID-CoL="47DK6" authority="Bodenheimer" authorityName="Bodenheimer" box="[151,608,1153,1179]" class="Insecta" family="Kermesidae" genus="Nidularia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="78" pageNumber="79" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="balachowskii">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FCE5CFF9DFFB239A9E99DFDF743ED" bold="true" box="[151,608,1153,1179]" pageId="78" pageNumber="79">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FCE5CFF9DFFB239A9E99DFE2643ED" bold="true" box="[151,433,1153,1179]" italics="true" pageId="78" pageNumber="79">Nidularia balachowskii</emphasis>
|
||
Bodenheimer
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
</heading>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BB4124EFF9DFFB239A0E9B8FE6E43CB" blockId="78.[151,608,1153,1213]" box="[158,505,1188,1213]" pageId="78" pageNumber="79">
|
||
(
|
||
<figureCitation id="13300ECBFF9DFFB23998E9B8FEB843CA" box="[166,303,1188,1213]" captionStart-0="FIGURE 41" captionStart-1="FIGURE 42" captionStart-2="FIGURE 43" captionStart-3="FIGURE 44" captionStart-4="FIGURE 45" captionStart-5="FIGURE 46" captionStart-6="FIGURE 47" captionStart-7="FIGURE 48" captionStartId-0="79.[151,250,1936,1958]" captionStartId-1="81.[151,250,1625,1647]" captionStartId-2="83.[151,250,1657,1679]" captionStartId-3="84.[151,250,1386,1408]" captionStartId-4="85.[151,250,1906,1928]" captionStartId-5="87.[151,250,1515,1537]" captionStartId-6="88.[151,250,1556,1578]" captionStartId-7="89.[151,250,1465,1487]" captionText-0="FIGURE 41. Nidularia balachowskii Bodenheimer, adult female." captionText-1="FIGURE 42. Nidularia balachowskii Bodenheimer, third-instar female." captionText-2="FIGURE 43. Nidularia balachowskii Bodenheimer, second-instar female." captionText-3="FIGURE 44. Nidularia balachowskii Bodenheimer, first-instar nymph." captionText-4="FIGURE 45. Nidularia balachowskii Bodenheimer, adult male." captionText-5="FIGURE 46. Nidularia balachowskii Bodenheimer, pupa." captionText-6="FIGURE 47. Nidularia balachowskii Bodenheimer, prepupa." captionText-7="FIGURE 48. Nidularia balachowskii Bodenheimer, second-instar male." pageId="78" pageNumber="79">Figs. 41–48</figureCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<figureCitation id="13300ECBFF9DFFB23804E9B8FE1E43CB" box="[314,393,1188,1213]" captionStart="PLATE 6" captionStartId="90.[151,234,1953,1975]" captionTargetBox="[212,1377,199,1912]" captionTargetId="figure@90.[200,1387,193,1932]" captionTargetPageId="90" captionText="PLATE 6. Nidularia balachowskii Bodenheimer, general appearance; a. second-instar female; b. third-instar female; c. young adult female; d. post-reproductive female; e. male test and exuviae (arrow); f. second-instar male; g. prepupa; h. pupa; i. adult male, dorsal view, j. adult male, ventral view." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/285779/files/figure.png" pageId="78" pageNumber="79">Plate 6</figureCitation>
|
||
, figs. a–j)
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C31141C5FF9DFFB239A9E9F0FD314274" box="[151,678,1260,1282]" pageId="78" pageNumber="79" type="reference_group">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BB4124EFF9DFFB239A9E9F0FD314274" blockId="78.[151,678,1260,1282]" box="[151,678,1260,1282]" pageId="78" pageNumber="79">
|
||
<treatmentCitationGroup id="AB1B3560FF9DFFB239A9E9F0FD314274" box="[151,678,1260,1282]" pageId="78" pageNumber="79">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0B69CDFF9DFFB239A9E9F0FDEE4274" ID-CoL="47DK6" authority="Bodenheimer, 1941: 78" authorityName="Bodenheimer" authorityPageNumber="78" authorityYear="1941" box="[151,633,1260,1282]" class="Insecta" family="Kermesidae" genus="Nidularia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="78" pageNumber="79" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="balachowskii">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FCE5CFF9DFFB239A9E9F0FE124274" box="[151,389,1260,1282]" italics="true" pageId="78" pageNumber="79">Nidularia balachowskii</emphasis>
|
||
<treatmentCitation id="0AAA345FFF9DFFB238B2E9F0FDEE4274" author="Bodenheimer" box="[396,633,1260,1282]" page="78" pageId="78" pageNumber="79" year="1941">
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF9A6FBFFF9DFFB238B2E9F0FDC24274" author="Bodenheimer" box="[396,597,1260,1282]" pageId="78" pageNumber="79" refString="Bodenheimer, F. S. (1941) Seven new species of Coccidae from Anatolia. Revue de la Faculte des Sciences de l'Universite d'Istanbul, 6, 65 - 84." type="journal article" year="1941">Bodenheimer, 1941</bibRefCitation>
|
||
: 78
|
||
</treatmentCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
–80.
|
||
</treatmentCitationGroup>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C31141C5FF9DFFAC39A9E832FC0E4223" lastPageId="80" lastPageNumber="81" pageId="78" pageNumber="79" type="materials_examined">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BB4124EFF9DFFB339A9E832FEF045F2" blockId="78.[151,1436,1326,2035]" lastBlockId="79.[151,1436,151,645]" lastPageId="79" lastPageNumber="80" pageId="78" pageNumber="79">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FCE5CFF9DFFB239A9E832FC8C4231" bold="true" box="[151,795,1326,1351]" pageId="78" pageNumber="79">
|
||
Material examined.
|
||
<typeStatus id="54B0ACECFF9DFFB238B5E832FE514231" box="[395,454,1326,1351]" pageId="78" pageNumber="79">Type</typeStatus>
|
||
material studied.
|
||
<typeStatus id="54B0ACECFF9DFFB23B9BE832FC8C4231" box="[677,795,1326,1351]" pageId="78" pageNumber="79" type="lectotype">Lectotype</typeStatus>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
adult ♀ (
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED1A8A8BFF9DFFB23AB5E833FC5E4231" box="[907,969,1327,1351]" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/1jyc-x7t4" name="The Volcani Center" pageId="78" pageNumber="79">ICVI</collectionCode>
|
||
), and
|
||
<typeStatus id="54B0ACECFF9DFFB23D2FE832FB234231" box="[1041,1204,1326,1351]" pageId="78" pageNumber="79" type="paralectotype">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FCE5CFF9DFFB23D2FE832FB234231" bold="true" box="[1041,1204,1326,1351]" pageId="78" pageNumber="79">paralectotype</emphasis>
|
||
</typeStatus>
|
||
<specimenCount id="9D0DD9C7FF9DFFB23D83E833FA9B4231" box="[1213,1292,1326,1351]" pageId="78" pageNumber="79" type="adult">1 adult</specimenCount>
|
||
♀ (MNHN- 14802-4),
|
||
<quantity id="4CF3BFABFF9DFFB23835E84FFEC5421D" box="[267,338,1362,1387]" metricMagnitude="4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.1" pageId="78" pageNumber="79" unit="km" value="21.0">21 km</quantity>
|
||
at road from Mardin to Diyarbakir,
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F31C52DEFF9DFFB23BDBE84EFCA1421D" box="[741,822,1362,1387]" name="Turkey" pageId="78" pageNumber="79">Turkey</collectingCountry>
|
||
, on branches and twigs of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0B69CDFF9DFFB23D61E84FFB2A421C" box="[1119,1213,1363,1386]" class="Insecta" family="Kermesidae" genus="Kermes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="78" pageNumber="99" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="quercus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FCE5CFF9DFFB23D61E84FFB2A421C" box="[1119,1213,1363,1386]" italics="true" pageId="78" pageNumber="79">Quercus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
sp.,
|
||
<date id="FFB5348EFF9DFFB23DCCE84EFAF1421D" box="[1266,1382,1362,1387]" pageId="78" pageNumber="79" value="1939-02-13">13.ii.1939</date>
|
||
, F.S. Bodenheimer.
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F31C52DEFF9DFFB23805E86BFECD42F9" box="[315,346,1399,1423]" name="American Samoa" pageId="78" pageNumber="79">As</collectingCountry>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF9A6FBFFF9DFFB2385FE86AFDDD42F9" author="Bodenheimer" box="[353,586,1398,1423]" pageId="78" pageNumber="79" refString="Bodenheimer, F. S. (1941) Seven new species of Coccidae from Anatolia. Revue de la Faculte des Sciences de l'Universite d'Istanbul, 6, 65 - 84." type="journal article" year="1941">Bodenheimer (1941)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
did not select a
|
||
<typeStatus id="54B0ACECFF9DFFB23A3AE86AFCFE42F9" box="[772,873,1398,1423]" pageId="78" pageNumber="79" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
|
||
, we regard the above-mentioned specimens as the original material studied by him as indicated on the slide labels.
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FCE5CFF9DFFB23ABEE886FB0142C5" bold="true" box="[896,1174,1434,1459]" pageId="78" pageNumber="79">Other material studied</emphasis>
|
||
. All non-type material collected off
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FCE5CFF9DFFB23811E8A3FE4A42A1" box="[303,477,1470,1495]" italics="true" pageId="78" pageNumber="79">Q. ithaburensis</emphasis>
|
||
in
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F31C52DEFF9DFFB23B39E8A2FDD242A1" box="[519,581,1470,1495]" name="Israel" pageId="78" pageNumber="79">Israel</collectingCountry>
|
||
by M. Spodek, unless otherwise indicated. Daphne Oaks (= current name Horshat Tal Nature Reserve), on
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0B69CDFF9DFFB23B2EE8FFFDF9428C" box="[528,622,1507,1530]" class="Insecta" family="Kermesidae" genus="Kermes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="78" pageNumber="99" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="quercus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FCE5CFF9DFFB23B2EE8FFFDF9428C" box="[528,622,1507,1530]" italics="true" pageId="78" pageNumber="79">Quercus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
sp.,
|
||
<date id="FFB5348EFF9DFFB23B9BE8FFFC9F428D" box="[677,776,1507,1531]" pageId="78" pageNumber="79" value="1939-05-01">1.v.1939</date>
|
||
, F.S. Bodenheimer, (C:4805/
|
||
<specimenCount id="9D0DD9C7FF9DFFB23D68E8FEFB37428D" box="[1110,1184,1506,1531]" pageId="78" pageNumber="79" type="adult">1 adult</specimenCount>
|
||
♀). This was the first record of this species from
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F31C52DEFF9DFFB238F3EB1AFD984169" box="[461,527,1542,1567]" name="Israel" pageId="78" pageNumber="79">Israel</collectingCountry>
|
||
. Alonei Abba Nature Reserve,
|
||
<date id="FFB5348EFF9DFFB23A4FEB1BFC764169" box="[881,993,1543,1567]" pageId="78" pageNumber="79" value="2011-11-01">11.1.2011</date>
|
||
, (MC:385/
|
||
<specimenCount id="9D0DD9C7FF9DFFB23D62EB1AFB3D4169" box="[1116,1194,1542,1567]" pageId="78" pageNumber="79" type="adult">4 adult</specimenCount>
|
||
♀,
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED1A8A8BFF9DFFB23DE8EB1BFAB84169" box="[1238,1327,1543,1567]" pageId="78" pageNumber="79">BMNH</collectionCode>
|
||
); Horshat Tal Nature Reserve,
|
||
<date id="FFB5348EFF9DFFB23843EB37FE7C4135" box="[381,491,1579,1603]" pageId="78" pageNumber="79" value="2010-05-30">30.v.2010</date>
|
||
(MC:228/
|
||
<specimenCount id="9D0DD9C7FF9DFFB23B58EB37FD394135" box="[614,686,1578,1603]" pageId="78" pageNumber="79" type="adult">1 adult</specimenCount>
|
||
♀),
|
||
<date id="FFB5348EFF9DFFB23BDCEB36FCC44135" box="[738,851,1578,1603]" pageId="78" pageNumber="79" value="2012-02-14">14.ii.2012</date>
|
||
(MC:614/
|
||
<specimenCount id="9D0DD9C7FF9DFFB23AF5EB36FB804135" box="[971,1047,1578,1603]" pageId="78" pageNumber="79" type="adult">5 adult</specimenCount>
|
||
♀,
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED1A8A8BFF9DFFB23D77EB37FB344135" LSID="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34988" box="[1097,1187,1579,1603]" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34988" name="Museum National d'Histoire Naturelle" pageId="78" pageNumber="79">MNHN</collectionCode>
|
||
),
|
||
<date id="FFB5348EFF9DFFB23D88EB36FAB14135" box="[1206,1318,1578,1603]" pageId="78" pageNumber="79" value="2011-02-27">27.ii.2011</date>
|
||
(MC:430/
|
||
<specimenCount id="9D0DD9C7FF9DFFB239A9EB53FF734111" box="[151,228,1614,1639]" pageId="78" pageNumber="79" type="adult">2 adult</specimenCount>
|
||
♀),
|
||
<date id="FFB5348EFF9DFFB23829EB52FE0D4111" box="[279,410,1614,1639]" pageId="78" pageNumber="79" value="2012-03-13">13.iii. 2012</date>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F31C52DEFF9DFFB2389BEB53FE2E4110" box="[421,441,1615,1638]" name="Italy" pageId="78" pageNumber="79">Y</collectingCountry>
|
||
. Ben-Dov (C:5131/
|
||
<specimenCount id="9D0DD9C7FF9DFFB23BA4EB52FD754111" box="[666,738,1614,1639]" pageId="78" pageNumber="79" type="adult">1 adult</specimenCount>
|
||
♀); Yehudiya Nature Reserve,
|
||
<date id="FFB5348EFF9DFFB23D7CEB52FB394111" box="[1090,1198,1614,1639]" pageId="78" pageNumber="79" value="2010-03-06">6.iii.2010</date>
|
||
(MC:140/
|
||
<specimenCount id="9D0DD9C7FF9DFFB23C19EB53FAE74111" box="[1319,1392,1614,1639]" pageId="78" pageNumber="79" type="adult">1 adult</specimenCount>
|
||
♀),
|
||
<date id="FFB5348EFF9DFFB239A9EB6FFE9E41FD" box="[151,265,1651,1675]" pageId="78" pageNumber="79" value="2010-10-10">10.x.2010</date>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F31C52DEFF9DFFB23822EB6FFEA741FC" box="[284,304,1651,1674]" name="Italy" pageId="78" pageNumber="79">Y</collectingCountry>
|
||
. Ben-Dov (C:4891/
|
||
<specimenCount id="9D0DD9C7FF9DFFB23B32EB6FFDCE41FD" box="[524,601,1650,1675]" pageId="78" pageNumber="79" type="adult">2 adult</specimenCount>
|
||
♀),
|
||
<date id="FFB5348EFF9DFFB23BB3EB6FFD6B41FD" box="[653,764,1651,1675]" pageId="78" pageNumber="79" value="2010-10-10">10.x.2010</date>
|
||
(MC:308/
|
||
<specimenCount id="9D0DD9C7FF9DFFB23A4DEB6FFC5741FD" box="[883,960,1650,1675]" pageId="78" pageNumber="79" type="adult">2 adult</specimenCount>
|
||
♀, MC:309/
|
||
<specimenCount id="9D0DD9C7FF9DFFB23D6FEB6FFB0B41FD" box="[1105,1180,1650,1675]" pageId="78" pageNumber="79" type="adult">3 adult</specimenCount>
|
||
♀, MC:310/
|
||
<specimenCount id="9D0DD9C7FF9DFFB23C0FEB6FFAEE41FD" box="[1329,1401,1650,1675]" pageId="78" pageNumber="79" type="adult">1 adult</specimenCount>
|
||
♀, MC:311/
|
||
<specimenCount id="9D0DD9C7FF9DFFB2383EEB8BFEDC41D9" box="[256,331,1686,1711]" pageId="78" pageNumber="79" type="adult">1 adult</specimenCount>
|
||
♀, MC:
|
||
<specimenCount id="9D0DD9C7FF9DFFB23892EB8AFD8E41D9" box="[428,537,1686,1711]" pageId="78" pageNumber="79" type="adult">315 adult</specimenCount>
|
||
♀, MC:317/
|
||
<specimenCount id="9D0DD9C7FF9DFFB23B8DEB8BFD6A41D9" box="[691,765,1686,1711]" pageId="78" pageNumber="79" type="adult">1 adult</specimenCount>
|
||
♀),
|
||
<date id="FFB5348EFF9DFFB23A1AEB8AFC0F41D9" box="[804,920,1686,1711]" pageId="78" pageNumber="79" value="2010-11-07">7.xi.2010</date>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F31C52DEFF9DFFB23A99EB8BFC2C41D8" box="[935,955,1687,1710]" name="Italy" pageId="78" pageNumber="79">Y</collectingCountry>
|
||
. Ben-Dov (C:4912/
|
||
<specimenCount id="9D0DD9C7FF9DFFB23DA3EB8BFB6E41D9" box="[1181,1273,1686,1711]" pageId="78" pageNumber="79" type="adult">10 adult</specimenCount>
|
||
♀),
|
||
<date id="FFB5348EFF9DFFB23C0CEB8AFA0B41D9" box="[1330,1436,1686,1711]" pageId="78" pageNumber="79" value="2010-11-07">7.xi.2010</date>
|
||
(MC:355/
|
||
<specimenCount id="9D0DD9C7FF9DFFB2383BEBA6FEC441A5" box="[261,339,1722,1747]" pageId="78" pageNumber="79" type="adult">4 adult</specimenCount>
|
||
♀),
|
||
<date id="FFB5348EFF9DFFB238B6EBA6FE6441A5" box="[392,499,1722,1747]" pageId="78" pageNumber="79" value="2011-01-11">11.i.2011</date>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F31C52DEFF9DFFB238C1EBA7FD8441A4" box="[511,531,1723,1746]" name="Italy" pageId="78" pageNumber="79">Y</collectingCountry>
|
||
. Ben-Dov (C:4945/
|
||
<specimenCount id="9D0DD9C7FF9DFFB23BCBEBA6FCA941A5" box="[757,830,1722,1747]" pageId="78" pageNumber="79" type="adult">1 adult</specimenCount>
|
||
♀),
|
||
<date id="FFB5348EFF9DFFB23A4AEBA6FC4C41A5" box="[884,987,1722,1747]" pageId="78" pageNumber="79" value="2011-01-11">11.i.2011</date>
|
||
(MC:384/
|
||
<specimenCount id="9D0DD9C7FF9DFFB23D6CEBA7FB0841A5" box="[1106,1183,1722,1747]" pageId="78" pageNumber="79" type="adult">9 adult</specimenCount>
|
||
♀),
|
||
<date id="FFB5348EFF9DFFB23DEBEBA6FAAD41A5" box="[1237,1338,1722,1747]" pageId="78" pageNumber="79" value="2011-02-06">6.ii.2011</date>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F31C52DEFF9DFFB23C78EBA7FACD41A4" box="[1350,1370,1723,1746]" name="Italy" pageId="78" pageNumber="79">Y</collectingCountry>
|
||
. Ben- Dov (C:4970/
|
||
<specimenCount id="9D0DD9C7FF9DFFB23807EBC3FE124181" box="[313,389,1758,1783]" pageId="78" pageNumber="79" type="adult">1 adult</specimenCount>
|
||
♀),
|
||
<date id="FFB5348EFF9DFFB238F6EBC2FDA04181" box="[456,567,1758,1783]" pageId="78" pageNumber="79" value="2011-10-16">16.x.2011</date>
|
||
(MC:587/
|
||
<specimenCount id="9D0DD9C7FF9DFFB23B8EEBC2FC974181" box="[688,768,1758,1783]" pageId="78" pageNumber="79" type="adult">6 adult</specimenCount>
|
||
♀),
|
||
<date id="FFB5348EFF9DFFB23A07EBC2FC334181" box="[825,932,1758,1783]" pageId="78" pageNumber="79" value="2011-11-06">6.xi.2011</date>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F31C52DEFF9DFFB23A8DEBC3FC504180" box="[947,967,1759,1782]" name="Italy" pageId="78" pageNumber="79">Y</collectingCountry>
|
||
. Ben-Dov (C:4970/
|
||
<specimenCount id="9D0DD9C7FF9DFFB23D90EBC3FB6E4181" box="[1198,1273,1758,1783]" pageId="78" pageNumber="79" type="adult">1 adult</specimenCount>
|
||
♀),
|
||
<date id="FFB5348EFF9DFFB23C0CEBC2FA0B4181" box="[1330,1436,1758,1783]" pageId="78" pageNumber="79" value="2012-06-03">3.vi.2012</date>
|
||
(MC:690/
|
||
<specimenCount id="9D0DD9C7FF9DFFB23834EA1EFEC3406D" box="[266,340,1794,1819]" pageId="78" pageNumber="79" type="adult">1 adult</specimenCount>
|
||
♀),
|
||
<date id="FFB5348EFF9DFFB238B5EA1EFD94406D" box="[395,515,1794,1819]" pageId="78" pageNumber="79" value="2012-09-20">20.ix.2012</date>
|
||
(MC:737/
|
||
<specimenCount id="9D0DD9C7FF9DFFB23B41EA1FFD5E406D" box="[639,713,1794,1819]" pageId="78" pageNumber="79" type="adult">1 adult</specimenCount>
|
||
♀),
|
||
<date id="FFB5348EFF9DFFB23A3EEA1FFCFA406D" box="[768,877,1795,1819]" pageId="78" pageNumber="79" value="2013-05-20">20.v.2013</date>
|
||
(MC:877/
|
||
<specimenCount id="9D0DD9C7FF9DFFB23ADBEA1EFBA3406D" box="[997,1076,1794,1819]" pageId="78" pageNumber="79" type="adult">6 adult</specimenCount>
|
||
♀); Bet Dagan-Volcani Center,
|
||
<date id="FFB5348EFF9DFFB239A9EA3BFE924049" box="[151,261,1831,1855]" pageId="78" pageNumber="79" value="2012-05-20">20.v.2012</date>
|
||
(MC:662/4 third-instar ♀); Horshat Tal Nature Reserve,
|
||
<date id="FFB5348EFF9DFFB23AB8EA3AFC614049" box="[902,1014,1830,1855]" pageId="78" pageNumber="79" value="2011-02-27">27.ii.2011</date>
|
||
(MC:431/1 third-instar ♀); Yehudiya Nature Reserve,
|
||
<date id="FFB5348EFF9DFFB23866EA56FE2F4015" box="[344,440,1866,1891]" pageId="78" pageNumber="79" value="2013-05-05">5.v.2013</date>
|
||
(MC:871/3 third-instar ♀),
|
||
<date id="FFB5348EFF9DFFB23BC0EA57FCFB4015" box="[766,876,1867,1891]" pageId="78" pageNumber="79" value="2013-05-20">20.v.2013</date>
|
||
(MC:876/9 third-instar ♀); Alonei Abba Nature Reserve,
|
||
<date id="FFB5348EFF9DFFB23838EA72FEEB40F1" box="[262,380,1902,1927]" pageId="78" pageNumber="79" value="2013-04-22">22.iv.2013</date>
|
||
(MC:852/5 second-instar ♀),
|
||
<date id="FFB5348EFF9DFFB23BD4EA73FCDE40F1" box="[746,841,1903,1927]" pageId="78" pageNumber="79" value="2013-05-02">2.v.2013</date>
|
||
(MC:863/2 second-instar ♀); Horshat Tal Nature Reserve,
|
||
<date id="FFB5348EFF9DFFB2383DEA8EFEE540DD" box="[259,370,1938,1963]" pageId="78" pageNumber="79" value="2011-02-27">27.ii.2011</date>
|
||
(MC:431/5 second-instar ♀); Yehudiya Nature Reserve,
|
||
<date id="FFB5348EFF9DFFB23D32EA8EFBE240DD" box="[1036,1141,1938,1963]" pageId="78" pageNumber="79" value="2012-06-03">3.vi.2012</date>
|
||
(MC:690/2 second-instar ♀),
|
||
<date id="FFB5348EFF9DFFB239F8EAAAFEA840B9" box="[198,319,1974,1999]" pageId="78" pageNumber="79" value="2012-08-05">5.viii.2012</date>
|
||
(MC:725/1 second-instar ♀),
|
||
<date id="FFB5348EFF9DFFB23BA3EAAAFC9140B9" box="[669,774,1974,1999]" pageId="78" pageNumber="79" value="2012-09-02">2.ix.2012</date>
|
||
(MC:730/1 second-instar ♀, MC:731/1 second-instar ♀),
|
||
<date id="FFB5348EFF9DFFB239A9EAC6FF604085" box="[151,247,2010,2035]" pageId="78" pageNumber="79" value="2013-05-05">5.v.2013</date>
|
||
(MC:871/1 second-instar ♀); Bet Dagan-Volcani Center,
|
||
<date id="FFB5348EFF9DFFB23AADEAC6FB9B4085" box="[915,1036,2010,2035]" pageId="78" pageNumber="79" value="2012-03-13">13.iii.2012</date>
|
||
(MC:635/12 first-instars,
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED1A8A8BFF9DFFB23C05EAC7FA074085" LSID="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34871" box="[1339,1424,2011,2035]" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34871" name="Smithsonian Institution, National Museum of Natural History" pageId="78" pageNumber="79">USNM</collectionCode>
|
||
),
|
||
<date id="FFB5348EFF9CFFB339A9ED8BFE8747C6" box="[151,272,151,176]" pageId="79" pageNumber="80" value="2012-03-15">15.iii.2012</date>
|
||
(MC:636/40 first-instars,
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED1A8A8BFF9CFFB33B72ED84FD3047C6" LSID="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34988" box="[588,679,152,176]" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34988" name="Museum National d'Histoire Naturelle" pageId="79" pageNumber="80">MNHN</collectionCode>
|
||
); Yehudiya Nature Reserve,
|
||
<date id="FFB5348EFF9CFFB33D3DED8BFBF847C6" box="[1027,1135,151,176]" pageId="79" pageNumber="80" value="2010-03-06">6.iii.2010</date>
|
||
(MC:140/15 first-instars,
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED1A8A8BFF9CFFB339A9EDA0FF7847A2" box="[151,239,188,212]" pageId="79" pageNumber="80">BMNH</collectionCode>
|
||
),
|
||
<date id="FFB5348EFF9CFFB3383CEDA0FEEC47A3" box="[258,379,188,213]" pageId="79" pageNumber="80" value="2011-03-20">20.iii.2011</date>
|
||
(MC:460/68 first-instars); Bet Dagan-Volcani Center,
|
||
<date id="FFB5348EFF9CFFB33AE2EDA0FBAA47A2" box="[988,1085,188,212]" pageId="79" pageNumber="80" value="2013-05-08">8.v.2013</date>
|
||
(MC:881/
|
||
<specimenCount id="9D0DD9C7FF9CFFB33D8DEDA0FB6947A3" box="[1203,1278,188,213]" pageId="79" pageNumber="80" type="adult">5 adult</specimenCount>
|
||
♂); Yehudiya Nature Reserve,
|
||
<date id="FFB5348EFF9CFFB3386DEDFCFE56478E" box="[339,449,224,248]" pageId="79" pageNumber="80" value="2013-05-10">10.v.2013</date>
|
||
(MC:870/
|
||
<specimenCount id="9D0DD9C7FF9CFFB33B06EDC3FD13478E" box="[568,644,223,248]" pageId="79" pageNumber="80" type="adult">5 adult</specimenCount>
|
||
♂); Bet Dagan-Volcani Center,
|
||
<date id="FFB5348EFF9CFFB33AD0EDC3FBCF478E" box="[1006,1112,223,248]" pageId="79" pageNumber="80" value="2012-06-06">6.vi.2012</date>
|
||
(MC:686/
|
||
<specimenCount id="9D0DD9C7FF9CFFB33DECEDC3FA89478E" box="[1234,1310,223,248]" pageId="79" pageNumber="80" type="pupa">1 pupa</specimenCount>
|
||
); Yehudiya Nature Reserve,
|
||
<date id="FFB5348EFF9CFFB33867EC18FE55466B" box="[345,450,260,285]" pageId="79" pageNumber="80" value="2012-06-04">4.vi.2012</date>
|
||
(MC:685/
|
||
<specimenCount id="9D0DD9C7FF9CFFB33B7EEC18FD19466A" box="[576,654,260,285]" pageId="79" pageNumber="80" type="pupa">1 pupa</specimenCount>
|
||
),
|
||
<date id="FFB5348EFF9CFFB33B9AEC18FC93466A" box="[676,772,260,284]" pageId="79" pageNumber="80" value="2013-05-08">8.v.2013</date>
|
||
(MC:869/
|
||
<specimenCount id="9D0DD9C7FF9CFFB33A43EC18FC4B466A" box="[893,988,260,285]" pageId="79" pageNumber="80" type="pupa">4 pupae</specimenCount>
|
||
),
|
||
<date id="FFB5348EFF9CFFB33ACDEC18FBF6466A" box="[1011,1121,260,284]" pageId="79" pageNumber="80" value="2013-05-10">10.v.2013</date>
|
||
(MC:883/
|
||
<specimenCount id="9D0DD9C7FF9CFFB33DE7EC18FAAD466A" box="[1241,1338,260,284]" pageId="79" pageNumber="80" type="pupa">4 pupae</specimenCount>
|
||
); Alonei Abba Nature Reserve,
|
||
<date id="FFB5348EFF9CFFB3388CEC3BFDBF4636" box="[434,552,295,320]" pageId="79" pageNumber="80" value="2013-04-22">22.iv.2013</date>
|
||
(MC:854/2 prepupae); Yehudiya Nature Reserve,
|
||
<date id="FFB5348EFF9CFFB33DA9EC3BFA984636" box="[1175,1295,295,320]" pageId="79" pageNumber="80" value="2012-06-26">26.vi.2012</date>
|
||
(MC:708/1 prepupa),
|
||
<date id="FFB5348EFF9CFFB33836EC50FEFF4613" box="[264,360,332,357]" pageId="79" pageNumber="80" value="2013-05-05">5.v.2013</date>
|
||
(MC:868/2 prepupae),
|
||
<date id="FFB5348EFF9CFFB33B50EC50FD584612" box="[622,719,332,356]" pageId="79" pageNumber="80" value="2013-05-08">8.v.2013</date>
|
||
(MC:884/5 prepupae); Alonei Abba Nature Reserve,
|
||
<date id="FFB5348EFF9CFFB33C18EC50FA0B4613" box="[1318,1436,332,357]" pageId="79" pageNumber="80" value="2013-04-22">22.iv.2013</date>
|
||
(MC:853/1 second-instar ♂); Bet Dagan-Volcani,
|
||
<date id="FFB5348EFF9CFFB33BCAEC73FCC946FE" box="[756,862,367,392]" pageId="79" pageNumber="80" value="2012-06-06">6.vi.2012</date>
|
||
(MC:683/2 second-instar ♂); Yehudiya Nature Reserve,
|
||
<date id="FFB5348EFF9CFFB3383DEC88FEFB46DB" box="[259,364,404,429]" pageId="79" pageNumber="80" value="2012-06-04">4.vi.2012</date>
|
||
(MC:684/1 second-instar ♂),
|
||
<date id="FFB5348EFF9CFFB33BEFEC88FCAC46DB" box="[721,827,404,429]" pageId="79" pageNumber="80" value="2012-09-02">2.ix.2012</date>
|
||
(MC:726/1 second-instar ♂),
|
||
<date id="FFB5348EFF9CFFB33DA0EC88FA8346DB" box="[1182,1300,404,429]" pageId="79" pageNumber="80" value="2013-04-22">22.iv.2013</date>
|
||
(MC:882/2 second-instar ♂),
|
||
<date id="FFB5348EFF9CFFB33858ECA4FE5046A6" box="[358,455,440,464]" pageId="79" pageNumber="80" value="2013-05-02">2.v.2013</date>
|
||
(MC:867/3 second-instar ♂).
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FCE5CFF9CFFB33A18ECABFA8C4683" bold="true" pageId="79" pageNumber="80">
|
||
Additional non-type material of adult females from
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F31C52DEFF9CFFB339A9ECC0FF7A4683" box="[151,237,476,501]" name="Turkey" pageId="79" pageNumber="80">Turkey</collectingCountry>
|
||
collected by M.B. Kaydan on
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0B69CDFF9CFFB33B5FECC0FD544682" box="[609,707,476,500]" class="Insecta" family="Kermesidae" genus="Kermes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="79" pageNumber="99" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="quercus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FCE5CFF9CFFB33B5FECC0FD544682" bold="true" box="[609,707,476,500]" italics="true" pageId="79" pageNumber="80">Quercus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
sp. and deposited at the Yuzuncu Yil University:
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
Van-Koçet Road (alt.
|
||
<quantity id="4CF3BFABFF9CFFB3383DECE3FECA456E" box="[259,349,511,536]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.625" pageId="79" pageNumber="80" unit="m" value="1625.0">1625 m</quantity>
|
||
),
|
||
<date id="FFB5348EFF9CFFB3384FECE3FE65456E" box="[369,498,511,536]" pageId="79" pageNumber="80" value="2005-07-19">19.vii.2005</date>
|
||
, (#2056/
|
||
<specimenCount id="9D0DD9C7FF9CFFB33B65ECE3FD35456E" box="[603,674,511,536]" pageId="79" pageNumber="80" type="adult">1 adult</specimenCount>
|
||
♀); Hakkari -Üzümcü Road (alt.
|
||
<quantity id="4CF3BFABFF9CFFB33D22ECE3FBF4456E" box="[1052,1123,511,536]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="9.559999999999999" pageId="79" pageNumber="80" unit="m" value="956.0">956 m</quantity>
|
||
)
|
||
<date id="FFB5348EFF9CFFB33D4CECE3FB7B456E" box="[1138,1260,511,536]" pageId="79" pageNumber="80" value="2005-09-15">15.ix.2005</date>
|
||
, (#2343/
|
||
<specimenCount id="9D0DD9C7FF9CFFB33C6AEF1CFA0B456E" box="[1364,1436,511,536]" pageId="79" pageNumber="80" type="adult">1 adult</specimenCount>
|
||
♀); Van-Hakkari Road (alt.
|
||
<quantity id="4CF3BFABFF9CFFB338DEEF38FDAB454A" box="[480,572,548,573]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.266" pageId="79" pageNumber="80" unit="m" value="1266.0">1266 m</quantity>
|
||
),
|
||
<date id="FFB5348EFF9CFFB33B6AEF38FD59454B" box="[596,718,548,573]" pageId="79" pageNumber="80" value="2005-09-16">16.ix.2005</date>
|
||
, (#2370/
|
||
<specimenCount id="9D0DD9C7FF9CFFB33A04EF38FC11454B" box="[826,902,548,573]" pageId="79" pageNumber="80" type="adult">1 adult</specimenCount>
|
||
♀); Hakkari-Doğan (alt.
|
||
<quantity id="4CF3BFABFF9CFFB33D8DEF38FA99454A" box="[1203,1294,548,572]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.032" pageId="79" pageNumber="80" unit="m" value="1032.0">1032 m</quantity>
|
||
),
|
||
<date id="FFB5348EFF9CFFB33C19EF38FA0F454B" box="[1319,1432,548,573]" pageId="79" pageNumber="80" value="2005-05-22">22.v.2005</date>
|
||
, (#2688/
|
||
<specimenCount id="9D0DD9C7FF9CFFB339CDEF5BFEAC4516" box="[243,315,583,608]" pageId="79" pageNumber="80" type="adult">1 adult</specimenCount>
|
||
♀); Bitlis River (alt.
|
||
<quantity id="4CF3BFABFF9CFFB33B17EF54FDE54516" box="[553,626,584,608]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="7.97" pageId="79" pageNumber="80" unit="m" value="797.0">797 m</quantity>
|
||
),
|
||
<date id="FFB5348EFF9CFFB33BB8EF5BFC974516" box="[646,768,583,608]" pageId="79" pageNumber="80" value="2006-06-23">23.vi.2006</date>
|
||
, (#3036/
|
||
<specimenCount id="9D0DD9C7FF9CFFB33A56EF5BFC384516" box="[872,943,583,608]" pageId="79" pageNumber="80" type="adult">1 adult</specimenCount>
|
||
♀); Bitlis-Kavakbaşı (alt. 1365),
|
||
<date id="FFB5348EFF9CFFB33C19EF54FA004516" box="[1319,1431,584,608]" pageId="79" pageNumber="80" value="2007-05-30">30.v.2007</date>
|
||
, (#3419/
|
||
<specimenCount id="9D0DD9C7FF9CFFB339CDEF70FEAC45F3" box="[243,315,620,645]" pageId="79" pageNumber="80" type="adult">1 adult</specimenCount>
|
||
♀).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<caption id="DF7442C6FF9CFFB339A9EA8CFCA440D0" box="[151,819,1936,1958]" pageId="79" pageNumber="80">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BB4124EFF9CFFB339A9EA8CFCA440D0" blockId="79.[151,819,1936,1958]" box="[151,819,1936,1958]" pageId="79" pageNumber="80">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FCE5CFF9CFFB339A9EA8CFE8840D0" bold="true" box="[151,287,1936,1958]" pageId="79" pageNumber="80">FIGURE 41.</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0B69CDFF9CFFB3381BEA8CFD3340D0" authority="Bodenheimer" authorityName="Bodenheimer" box="[293,676,1936,1958]" class="Insecta" family="Kermesidae" genus="Nidularia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="79" pageNumber="80" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="balachowskii">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FCE5CFF9CFFB3381BEA8CFD8440D0" box="[293,531,1936,1958]" italics="true" pageId="79" pageNumber="80">Nidularia balachowskii</emphasis>
|
||
Bodenheimer
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, adult female.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BB4124EFF83FFAC39F9ED8BFC3846FE" blockId="80.[151,1437,151,2013]" pageId="80" pageNumber="81">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FCE5CFF83FFAC39F9ED8BFEF347C6" bold="true" box="[199,356,151,176]" pageId="80" pageNumber="81">Adult female</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<figureCitation id="13300ECBFF83FFAC3848ED8BFE5B47C6" box="[374,460,151,176]" captionStart="FIGURE 41" captionStartId="79.[151,250,1936,1958]" captionText="FIGURE 41. Nidularia balachowskii Bodenheimer, adult female." pageId="80" pageNumber="81">Fig. 41</figureCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FCE5CFF83FFAC38DDED8BFBC347C6" bold="true" box="[483,1108,151,176]" pageId="80" pageNumber="81">General appearance. Pre-reproductive adult female</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<figureCitation id="13300ECBFF83FFAC3D58ED8BFB2D47C6" box="[1126,1210,151,176]" captionStart="PLATE 6" captionStartId="90.[151,234,1953,1975]" captionTargetBox="[212,1377,199,1912]" captionTargetId="figure@90.[200,1387,193,1932]" captionTargetPageId="90" captionText="PLATE 6. Nidularia balachowskii Bodenheimer, general appearance; a. second-instar female; b. third-instar female; c. young adult female; d. post-reproductive female; e. male test and exuviae (arrow); f. second-instar male; g. prepupa; h. pupa; i. adult male, dorsal view, j. adult male, ventral view." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/285779/files/figure.png" pageId="80" pageNumber="81">Plate 6</figureCitation>
|
||
, fig. c). Body oval, soft and flat,
|
||
<quantity id="4CF3BFABFF83FFAC380DEDA0FE2A47A2" box="[307,445,188,212]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.5499999999999998" metricValueMax="1.9" metricValueMin="1.2" pageId="80" pageNumber="81" unit="mm" value="1.5499999999999998" valueMax="1.9" valueMin="1.2">1.2–1.9 mm</quantity>
|
||
long,
|
||
<quantity id="4CF3BFABFF83FFAC3B37EDA0FD0447A2" box="[521,659,188,213]" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="7.5" metricValueMax="9.0" metricValueMin="6.0" pageId="80" pageNumber="81" unit="mm" value="0.75" valueMax="0.9" valueMin="0.6">0.6–0.9 mm</quantity>
|
||
wide; dorsum brownish and venter yellowish-white; dorsal surface covered with 5 longitudinal rows of rectangular wax plates, each plate about
|
||
<quantity id="4CF3BFABFF83FFAC3AC4EDC3FBC84781" box="[1018,1119,223,248]" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.5" pageId="80" pageNumber="81" unit="mm" value="0.25">0.25 mm</quantity>
|
||
long,
|
||
<quantity id="4CF3BFABFF83FFAC3D98EDFCFB6A4781" box="[1190,1277,224,248]" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.0" pageId="80" pageNumber="81" unit="mm" value="0.3">0.3 mm</quantity>
|
||
wide; median row with 11 plates, mediolateral rows each with 9–11 plates and marginal rows with 7–9 plates. Wax plates largest medially.
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FCE5CFF83FFAC3837EC3BFCBA4636" bold="true" box="[265,813,295,320]" pageId="80" pageNumber="81">Gravid female and post-reproductive female</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<figureCitation id="13300ECBFF83FFAC3A7FEC3BFC014636" box="[833,918,295,320]" captionStart="PLATE 6" captionStartId="90.[151,234,1953,1975]" captionTargetBox="[212,1377,199,1912]" captionTargetId="figure@90.[200,1387,193,1932]" captionTargetPageId="90" captionText="PLATE 6. Nidularia balachowskii Bodenheimer, general appearance; a. second-instar female; b. third-instar female; c. young adult female; d. post-reproductive female; e. male test and exuviae (arrow); f. second-instar male; g. prepupa; h. pupa; i. adult male, dorsal view, j. adult male, ventral view." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/285779/files/figure.png" pageId="80" pageNumber="81">Plate 6</figureCitation>
|
||
, fig. d). Body oval, moderately convex and sclerotized,
|
||
<quantity id="4CF3BFABFF83FFAC3820EC50FE554612" box="[286,450,332,357]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.25" metricValueMax="3.75" metricValueMin="2.75" pageId="80" pageNumber="81" unit="mm" value="3.25" valueMax="3.75" valueMin="2.75">2.75–3.75 mm</quantity>
|
||
long, 2.0–3.0 mm wide,
|
||
<quantity id="4CF3BFABFF83FFAC3BE2EC50FCF44612" box="[732,867,332,356]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.3" metricValueMax="1.8" metricValueMin="0.8" pageId="80" pageNumber="81" unit="mm" value="1.3" valueMax="1.8" valueMin="0.8">0.8–1.8 mm</quantity>
|
||
high; with 5 longitudinal rows of dark brown wax plates almost fused; with lighter brown wax in between rows of plates.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BB4124EFF83FFAC39F9EC88FBDF46DB" blockId="80.[151,1437,151,2013]" box="[199,1096,404,429]" pageId="80" pageNumber="81">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FCE5CFF83FFAC39F9EC88FD8846DB" bold="true" box="[199,543,404,429]" pageId="80" pageNumber="81">Mounted young adult female</emphasis>
|
||
. Body oval, 0.8–3.0 mm long,
|
||
<quantity id="4CF3BFABFF83FFAC3A43EC88FB9446DA" box="[893,1027,404,429]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.5" metricValueMax="2.5" metricValueMin="0.5" pageId="80" pageNumber="81" unit="mm" value="1.5" valueMax="2.5" valueMin="0.5">0.5–2.5 mm</quantity>
|
||
wide.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BB4124EFF83FFAC39F9ECABFE324683" blockId="80.[151,1437,151,2013]" pageId="80" pageNumber="81">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FCE5CFF83FFAC39F9ECABFE7E46A6" bold="true" box="[199,489,439,464]" pageId="80" pageNumber="81">Margin. Marginal setae</emphasis>
|
||
spinose, each 12–13 Μm long, in a single complete row of 30–36 on each side. Stigmatic spines absent.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BB4124EFF83FFAC39F9ECE3FB59454B" blockId="80.[151,1437,151,2013]" pageId="80" pageNumber="81">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FCE5CFF83FFAC39F9ECE3FD89456E" bold="true" box="[199,542,511,536]" pageId="80" pageNumber="81">Dorsum. Microtubular ducts</emphasis>
|
||
with a circular opening about 1 Μm diameter, inner ductule about 1 Μm long and outer ductule 0.5 Μm long; present throughout dorsum. Other pore
|
||
<typeStatus id="54B0ACECFF83FFAC3ABCEF39FC2A454B" box="[898,957,549,573]" pageId="80" pageNumber="81">types</typeStatus>
|
||
and dorsal setae absent.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BB4124EFF83FFAC39F9EF5BFC0E4223" blockId="80.[151,1437,151,2013]" pageId="80" pageNumber="81">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FCE5CFF83FFAC39F9EF5BFECB4516" bold="true" box="[199,348,583,608]" pageId="80" pageNumber="81">Venter. Eyes</emphasis>
|
||
circular, each 5–7 Μm diameter, present anterolaterally to each scape.
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FCE5CFF83FFAC3DB7EF5BFB6B4516" bold="true" box="[1161,1276,583,608]" pageId="80" pageNumber="81">Antennae</emphasis>
|
||
1 segmented, 15–25 Μm long, 12–18 Μm wide; with 2–6 fleshy setae.
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FCE5CFF83FFAC3A29EF70FCD845F3" bold="true" box="[791,847,620,645]" pageId="80" pageNumber="81">Legs</emphasis>
|
||
absent.
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FCE5CFF83FFAC3A91EF70FBBA45F3" bold="true" box="[943,1069,620,645]" pageId="80" pageNumber="81">Tentorium</emphasis>
|
||
113–155 Μm long, 113–125 Μm wide.
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FCE5CFF83FFAC39E3EF93FEAB45DE" bold="true" box="[221,316,655,680]" pageId="80" pageNumber="81">Labium</emphasis>
|
||
3 segmented, triangular, 100–125 Μm long, 50–63 Μm wide; labial setae setose, as follows: basal segment with 2 pairs 9–20 Μm long, median segment with 1 pair 11–13 Μm long, apical segment with 4 pairs each 9–12 Μm long.
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FCE5CFF83FFAC387FEFCBFE394586" bold="true" box="[321,430,727,752]" pageId="80" pageNumber="81">Spiracles</emphasis>
|
||
subequal in size, each peritreme 42–60 Μm long, 31–50 Μm wide, each sclerosis about 50 µm long.
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FCE5CFF83FFAC383AEFE0FD9E4463" bold="true" box="[260,521,764,789]" pageId="80" pageNumber="81">Quinquelocular pores</emphasis>
|
||
each 5 Μm diameter: with 8–11 between mesothoracic spiracles and submarginal band of tubular ducts, and
|
||
<quantity id="4CF3BFABFF83FFAC38FEEE3CFDB4444E" box="[448,547,799,824]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.921" metricValueMax="3.302" metricValueMin="2.54" pageId="80" pageNumber="81" unit="in" value="11.5" valueMax="13.0" valueMin="10.0">10–13 in</quantity>
|
||
a broad band medially between metathoracic spiracles, plus 2–4 laterad to each metathoracic spiracle; also in a single, complete submarginal band of about 50–70 pores, band one pore wide.
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FCE5CFF83FFAC39A9EE7BFED844F6" bold="true" box="[151,335,871,896]" pageId="80" pageNumber="81">Bilocular pores</emphasis>
|
||
each about 3 Μm wide, with 103–135 per side, dispersed within submarginal tubular duct band.
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FCE5CFF83FFAC39A9EE90FEE944D3" bold="true" box="[151,382,908,933]" pageId="80" pageNumber="81">Multilocular pores,</emphasis>
|
||
each 7–8 Μm diameter with 9–10 loculi: in groups of 3 or 4 between each metathoracic and mesothoracic spiracles; in transverse bands across abdominal segments as follows; segment II with 12–24, III with 14–28, IV with 15–35, V with 18–25, VI with 12–19, VII with 2–3 on each side of vulva.
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FCE5CFF83FFAC3DBAEEC8FABC449B" bold="true" box="[1156,1323,980,1005]" pageId="80" pageNumber="81">Tubular ducts</emphasis>
|
||
of
|
||
<typeStatus id="54B0ACECFF83FFAC3C6EEEC9FA10449B" box="[1360,1415,981,1005]" pageId="80" pageNumber="81">Type</typeStatus>
|
||
2 only, with outer ductule 12–18 Μm long, 5 Μm wide, a sclerotized cup about 5 Μm wide and inner ductule 22–30 Μm long; in a complete submarginal band 2–3 ducts wide, and sparsely medially in thorax.
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FCE5CFF83FFAC3D56E900FA944343" bold="true" box="[1128,1283,1052,1077]" pageId="80" pageNumber="81">Ventral setae</emphasis>
|
||
of two
|
||
<typeStatus id="54B0ACECFF83FFAC3C67E901FA0E4343" box="[1369,1433,1053,1077]" pageId="80" pageNumber="81">types</typeStatus>
|
||
: (i) setose setae: 3 or 4 pairs present in a group anterior to tentorium, each 7–13 Μm long; 2 setae, each 5–8 Μm long, medially to each spiracle; abdominal segments III–VI with transverse rows of 6–10 anterior to multilocular pores, each 7–8 Μm long. Also with 2 pairs anterior to anal ring, each 25–38 Μm long, and a pair postero–laterally to anal ring, 15–25 Μm long. Posterior margin with a pair of long apical setae, each 65–68 Μm long plus 2 pairs similar to marginal setae, each 15–22 Μm long; and (ii) tack-like setae, each 5–13 Μm long,
|
||
<quantity id="4CF3BFABFF83FFAC3D07E9CCFBF2439E" box="[1081,1125,1231,1256]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.032" pageId="80" pageNumber="81" unit="in" value="8.0">8 in</quantity>
|
||
a longitudinal submarginal row.
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FCE5CFF83FFAC39EAE9E8FEFB427B" bold="true" box="[212,364,1268,1293]" pageId="80" pageNumber="81">Microspines,</emphasis>
|
||
each 1 Μm long, present in 3–5 transverse rows on median and submedian areas of each abdominal segment; also scattered on thorax.
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FCE5CFF83FFAC3BA4E80BFC9A4246" bold="true" box="[666,781,1303,1328]" pageId="80" pageNumber="81">Anal ring</emphasis>
|
||
ventral, diameter 27–35 Μm, composed of 2 semi–circles, each half with 10–12 pores and 3 spinose setae each 65–75 µm long.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C31141C5FF83FFAE39F9E843FA0B40AA" lastPageId="82" lastPageNumber="83" pageId="80" pageNumber="81" type="discussion">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BB4124EFF83FFAC39F9E843FEC0417F" blockId="80.[151,1437,151,2013]" pageId="80" pageNumber="81">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FCE5CFF83FFAC39F9E843FED8420E" bold="true" box="[199,335,1375,1400]" pageId="80" pageNumber="81">Comments.</emphasis>
|
||
Bodenheimer’s (1941) original description of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0B69CDFF83FFAC3A62E87DFB86420E" box="[860,1041,1375,1400]" class="Insecta" family="Kermesidae" genus="Nidularia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="80" pageNumber="81" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="balachowskii">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FCE5CFF83FFAC3A62E87DFB86420E" box="[860,1041,1375,1400]" italics="true" pageId="80" pageNumber="81">N. balachowskii</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
is incomplete, lacking such details as presence of: (i) dorsal microtubular ducts; (ii) 8–11 quinquelocular pores between mesothoracic spiracles and submarginal band of tubular ducts, and 10–13 quinquelocular pores between metathoracic spiracles; (iii) bilocular pores interspersed between tubular ducts on venter; (iv) microspines on abdominal segments on venter; and (v) presence of eyes.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BB4124EFF83FFAC39F9EB08FCDD4006" blockId="80.[151,1437,151,2013]" pageId="80" pageNumber="81">
|
||
The adult female of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0B69CDFF83FFAC3892EB09FDF6415B" box="[428,609,1556,1581]" class="Insecta" family="Kermesidae" genus="Nidularia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="80" pageNumber="81" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="balachowskii">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FCE5CFF83FFAC3892EB09FDF6415B" box="[428,609,1556,1581]" italics="true" pageId="80" pageNumber="81">N. balachowskii</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
shares with
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0B69CDFF83FFAC3BCEEB09FCE4415A" box="[752,883,1557,1580]" class="Insecta" family="Kermesidae" genus="Nidularia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="80" pageNumber="81" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="japonica">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FCE5CFF83FFAC3BCEEB09FCE4415A" box="[752,883,1557,1580]" italics="true" pageId="80" pageNumber="81">N. japonica</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and the
|
||
<typeStatus id="54B0ACECFF83FFAC3AEAEB09FB93415B" box="[980,1028,1557,1581]" pageId="80" pageNumber="81">type</typeStatus>
|
||
species,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0B69CDFF83FFAC3D52EB09FB60415B" box="[1132,1271,1556,1581]" class="Insecta" family="Kermesidae" genus="Nidularia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="80" pageNumber="81" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="pulvinata">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FCE5CFF83FFAC3D52EB09FB60415B" box="[1132,1271,1556,1581]" italics="true" pageId="80" pageNumber="81">N. pulvinata</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, the following characters: (i) one-segmented antennae; (ii) legs absent; (iii) seta-pore clusters absent; (iv) anal ring ventral; and (v) anal ring setose, with pores.
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0B69CDFF83FFAC38E2EB40FD724103" box="[476,741,1628,1653]" class="Insecta" family="Kermesidae" genus="Nidularia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="80" pageNumber="81" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="balachowskii">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FCE5CFF83FFAC38E2EB40FD724103" box="[476,741,1628,1653]" italics="true" pageId="80" pageNumber="81">Nidularia balachowskii</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
can be easily separated from
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0B69CDFF83FFAC3D06EB41FB534103" box="[1080,1220,1628,1653]" class="Insecta" family="Kermesidae" genus="Nidularia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="80" pageNumber="81" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="pulvinata">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FCE5CFF83FFAC3D06EB41FB534103" box="[1080,1220,1628,1653]" italics="true" pageId="80" pageNumber="81">N. pulvinata</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
by the presence of quinquelocular pores lateral to each anterior spiracle and medial to each posterior one in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0B69CDFF83FFAC3D42EB9DFAA741EE" box="[1148,1328,1663,1688]" class="Insecta" family="Kermesidae" genus="Nidularia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="80" pageNumber="81" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="balachowskii">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FCE5CFF83FFAC3D42EB9DFAA741EE" box="[1148,1328,1663,1688]" italics="true" pageId="80" pageNumber="81">N. balachowskii</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
but lying within each peritreme in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0B69CDFF83FFAC388DEBB9FDA841CB" box="[435,575,1700,1725]" class="Insecta" family="Kermesidae" genus="Nidularia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="80" pageNumber="81" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="pulvinata">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FCE5CFF83FFAC388DEBB9FDA841CB" box="[435,575,1700,1725]" italics="true" pageId="80" pageNumber="81">N. pulvinata</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
).
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0B69CDFF83FFAC3B69EBB8FCF741CB" box="[599,864,1700,1725]" class="Insecta" family="Kermesidae" genus="Nidularia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="80" pageNumber="81" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="balachowskii">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FCE5CFF83FFAC3B69EBB8FCF741CB" box="[599,864,1700,1725]" italics="true" pageId="80" pageNumber="81">Nidularia balachowskii</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
differs from
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0B69CDFF83FFAC3AC6EBB9FBEB41CA" box="[1016,1148,1701,1724]" class="Insecta" family="Kermesidae" genus="Nidularia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="80" pageNumber="81" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="japonica">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FCE5CFF83FFAC3AC6EBB9FBEB41CA" box="[1016,1148,1701,1724]" italics="true" pageId="80" pageNumber="81">N. japonica</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
in the absence of tubular ducts dorsally (present on thorax and abdominal segments on venter of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0B69CDFF83FFAC3AD4EBD5FBE64196" box="[1002,1137,1737,1760]" class="Insecta" family="Kermesidae" genus="Nidularia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="80" pageNumber="81" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="japonica">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FCE5CFF83FFAC3AD4EBD5FBE64196" box="[1002,1137,1737,1760]" italics="true" pageId="80" pageNumber="81">N. japonica</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
). The adult female of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0B69CDFF83FFAC3CBCEBD5FEBC4073" class="Insecta" family="Kermesidae" genus="Nidularia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="80" pageNumber="81" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="balachowskii">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FCE5CFF83FFAC3CBCEBD5FEBC4073" italics="true" pageId="80" pageNumber="81">N. balachowskii</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
differs from
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FCE5CFF83FFAC38F8EBF1FD574073" box="[454,704,1772,1797]" italics="true" pageId="80" pageNumber="81">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0B69CDFF83FFAC38F8EBF1FDA54072" box="[454,562,1773,1796]" class="Insecta" family="Kermesidae" genus="Kermes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="80" pageNumber="81" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="greeni">K. greeni</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0B69CDFF83FFAC3B7EEBF1FD574073" box="[576,704,1772,1797]" class="Insecta" family="Kermesidae" genus="Kermes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="80" pageNumber="81" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="nahalali">K. nahalali</taxonomicName>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0B69CDFF83FFAC3BC2EBF1FC054073" box="[764,914,1772,1797]" class="Insecta" family="Kermesidae" genus="Kermes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="80" pageNumber="81" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="spatulatus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FCE5CFF83FFAC3BC2EBF1FC054073" box="[764,914,1772,1797]" italics="true" pageId="80" pageNumber="81">K. spatulatus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(characters of the latter in brackets): (i) onesegmented antennae (six-segmented antennae); (ii) legs absent (legs fully-developed); (iii) seta-pore clusters on venter absent (present); (iv) tubular ducts on both venter and dorsum of
|
||
<typeStatus id="54B0ACECFF83FFAC3AF8EA29FC69403B" box="[966,1022,1845,1869]" pageId="80" pageNumber="81">Type</typeStatus>
|
||
2 (
|
||
<typeStatus id="54B0ACECFF83FFAC3D1DEA28FBCA403A" box="[1059,1117,1844,1868]" pageId="80" pageNumber="81">Type</typeStatus>
|
||
1 and
|
||
<typeStatus id="54B0ACECFF83FFAC3D94EA29FB75403B" box="[1194,1250,1845,1869]" pageId="80" pageNumber="81">Type</typeStatus>
|
||
2); (v) anal ring ventral (dorsal); and (vi) anal ring setose, with pores (absent).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BB4124EFF83FFAD39F9EA61FE1847A2" blockId="80.[151,1437,151,2013]" lastBlockId="81.[151,1436,151,357]" lastPageId="81" lastPageNumber="82" pageId="80" pageNumber="81">
|
||
However, along with
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0B69CDFF83FFAC38F1EA61FD1B40E3" box="[463,652,1916,1941]" class="Insecta" family="Kermesidae" genus="Nidularia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="80" pageNumber="81" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="balachowskii">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FCE5CFF83FFAC38F1EA61FD1B40E3" box="[463,652,1916,1941]" italics="true" pageId="80" pageNumber="81">N. balachowskii</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, two
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F31C52DEFF83FFAC3BE4EA60FCB740E3" box="[730,800,1916,1941]" name="Israel" pageId="80" pageNumber="81">Israeli</collectingCountry>
|
||
species,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0B69CDFF83FFAC3AABEA61FBBD40E3" box="[917,1066,1916,1941]" class="Insecta" family="Kermesidae" genus="Kermes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="80" pageNumber="81" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="echinatus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FCE5CFF83FFAC3AABEA61FBBD40E3" box="[917,1066,1916,1941]" italics="true" pageId="80" pageNumber="81">K. echinatus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0B69CDFF83FFAC3D51EA61FAB340E3" box="[1135,1316,1916,1941]" class="Insecta" family="Kermesidae" genus="Kermes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="80" pageNumber="81" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="hermonensis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FCE5CFF83FFAC3D51EA61FAB340E3" box="[1135,1316,1916,1941]" italics="true" pageId="80" pageNumber="81">K. hermonensis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, and two Palaearctic species,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0B69CDFF83FFAC3841EABDFD4540CE" authority="Podsiadlo, 2012" authorityName="Podsiadlo" authorityYear="2012" box="[383,722,1952,1977]" class="Insecta" family="Kermesidae" genus="Kermes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="80" pageNumber="81" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="quercus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FCE5CFF83FFAC3841EABDFE6B40CE" box="[383,508,1953,1976]" italics="true" pageId="80" pageNumber="81">K. quercus</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF9A6FBFFF83FFAC3B30EABCFD5D40CE" author="Podsiadlo" box="[526,714,1952,1977]" pageId="80" pageNumber="81" refString="Podsiadlo, E. (2012) Morphology of second instar nymphs of Kermes quercus (Linnaeus) (Hemiptera: Kermesidae). Polskie Pismo Entomologiczne, 81, 35 - 42. http: // dx. doi. org / 10.2478 / v 10200 - 011 - 0061 - 9" type="journal article" year="2012">Podsiadlo, 2012</bibRefCitation>
|
||
)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0B69CDFF83FFAC3A2EEABDFB3A40CE" authority="Pellizzari et al., 2012" authorityName="Pellizzari et al." authorityYear="2012" box="[784,1197,1952,1977]" class="Insecta" family="Kermesidae" genus="Kermes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="80" pageNumber="81" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="vermilio">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FCE5CFF83FFAC3A2EEABDFC0640CF" box="[784,913,1952,1977]" italics="true" pageId="80" pageNumber="81">K. vermilio</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF9A6FBFFF83FFAC3A9AEABCFB3240CE" author="Pellizzari" box="[932,1189,1952,1977]" pageId="80" pageNumber="81" refString="Pellizzari, G., Porcelli, F., Convertini, S. & Marotta, S. (2012) Description of nymphal instars and adult female of Kermes vermilio Planchon (Hemiptera, Coccoidea, Kermesidae), with a synopsis of the European and Mediterranean species. Zootaxa, 3336, 36 - 50." type="journal article" year="2012">
|
||
Pellizzari
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FCE5CFF83FFAC3D25EABDFBC740CF" box="[1051,1104,1952,1977]" italics="true" pageId="80" pageNumber="81">et al</emphasis>
|
||
., 2012
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, share the following traits: (i) one-segmented antennae or with indistinct segmentation; (ii) seta-pore clusters absent; (iii) legs absent or reduced to three-segments; (iv) only
|
||
<typeStatus id="54B0ACECFF82FFAD3B0DED84FDFC47C6" box="[563,619,152,176]" pageId="81" pageNumber="82">Type</typeStatus>
|
||
2 tubular ducts present on venter; (v) anal ring ventral; and (vi) anal ring setose and with pores.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BB4124EFF82FFAD39F9EDC3FD1C4613" blockId="81.[151,1436,151,357]" pageId="81" pageNumber="82">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FCE5CFF82FFAD39F9EDC3FE22478E" bold="true" box="[199,437,223,248]" pageId="81" pageNumber="82">Third-instar female</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<figureCitation id="13300ECBFF82FFAD38F6EDC3FD89478E" box="[456,542,223,248]" captionStart="FIGURE 42" captionStartId="81.[151,250,1625,1647]" captionText="FIGURE 42. Nidularia balachowskii Bodenheimer, third-instar female." pageId="81" pageNumber="82">Fig. 42</figureCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<figureCitation id="13300ECBFF82FFAD3B13EDC3FDE8478E" box="[557,639,223,248]" captionStart="PLATE 6" captionStartId="90.[151,234,1953,1975]" captionTargetBox="[212,1377,199,1912]" captionTargetId="figure@90.[200,1387,193,1932]" captionTargetPageId="90" captionText="PLATE 6. Nidularia balachowskii Bodenheimer, general appearance; a. second-instar female; b. third-instar female; c. young adult female; d. post-reproductive female; e. male test and exuviae (arrow); f. second-instar male; g. prepupa; h. pupa; i. adult male, dorsal view, j. adult male, ventral view." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/285779/files/figure.png" pageId="81" pageNumber="82">Plate 6</figureCitation>
|
||
, fig. b).
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FCE5CFF82FFAD3BD9EDC3FC4B478E" bold="true" box="[743,988,223,248]" pageId="81" pageNumber="82">General appearance</emphasis>
|
||
. Body oval, soft and flat,
|
||
<quantity id="4CF3BFABFF82FFAD3C2CEDC3FA0B4781" box="[1298,1436,223,248]" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="6.5" metricValueMax="8.0" metricValueMin="5.0" pageId="81" pageNumber="82" unit="mm" value="0.65" valueMax="0.8" valueMin="0.5">0.5–0.8 mm</quantity>
|
||
long,
|
||
<quantity id="4CF3BFABFF82FFAD39E6EC18FEF7466A" box="[216,352,260,285]" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.5" metricValueMax="5.0" metricValueMin="4.0" pageId="81" pageNumber="82" unit="mm" value="0.45" valueMax="0.5" valueMin="0.4">0.4–0.5 mm</quantity>
|
||
wide; dorsum brownish and venter yellowish-white; dorsal surface covered with 5 longitudinal rows of rectangular wax plates, median row with 11 plates, mediolateral rows with 9–11 plates and marginal rows with 7–9 plates. Wax plates largest medially.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<caption id="DF7442C6FF82FFAD39A9EB45FCE64119" box="[151,881,1625,1647]" pageId="81" pageNumber="82">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BB4124EFF82FFAD39A9EB45FCE64119" blockId="81.[151,881,1625,1647]" box="[151,881,1625,1647]" pageId="81" pageNumber="82">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FCE5CFF82FFAD39A9EB45FE884119" bold="true" box="[151,287,1625,1647]" pageId="81" pageNumber="82">FIGURE 42.</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0B69CDFF82FFAD381BEB45FD334119" authority="Bodenheimer" authorityName="Bodenheimer" box="[293,676,1625,1647]" class="Insecta" family="Kermesidae" genus="Nidularia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="81" pageNumber="82" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="balachowskii">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FCE5CFF82FFAD381BEB45FD844119" box="[293,531,1625,1647]" italics="true" pageId="81" pageNumber="82">Nidularia balachowskii</emphasis>
|
||
Bodenheimer
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, third-instar female.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BB4124EFF82FFAD39F9EB8AFC4441D9" blockId="81.[151,1436,1686,2035]" box="[199,979,1686,1711]" pageId="81" pageNumber="82">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FCE5CFF82FFAD39F9EB8AFE2741D9" bold="true" box="[199,432,1686,1711]" pageId="81" pageNumber="82">Mounted specimen.</emphasis>
|
||
Body oval;
|
||
<quantity id="4CF3BFABFF82FFAD3B04EB8BFD5641D8" box="[570,705,1687,1711]" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="7.5" metricValueMax="8.0" metricValueMin="7.0" pageId="81" pageNumber="82" unit="mm" value="0.75" valueMax="0.8" valueMin="0.7">0.7–0.8 mm</quantity>
|
||
long,
|
||
<quantity id="4CF3BFABFF82FFAD3A39EB8AFC1941D8" box="[775,910,1686,1711]" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.5" metricValueMax="5.0" metricValueMin="4.0" pageId="81" pageNumber="82" unit="mm" value="0.45" valueMax="0.5" valueMin="0.4">0.4–0.5 mm</quantity>
|
||
wide.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BB4124EFF82FFAD39F9EBA6FE914181" blockId="81.[151,1436,1686,2035]" pageId="81" pageNumber="82">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FCE5CFF82FFAD39F9EBA6FE7541A5" bold="true" box="[199,482,1722,1747]" pageId="81" pageNumber="82">Margin. Marginal setae</emphasis>
|
||
spinose, each 10 µm long, 5 µm wide at base, in a complete single line of 21–30 on each side.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BB4124EFF82FFAD39F9EA1EFAB74048" blockId="81.[151,1436,1686,2035]" pageId="81" pageNumber="82">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FCE5CFF82FFAD39F9EA1EFEE2406D" bold="true" box="[199,373,1794,1819]" pageId="81" pageNumber="82">Dorsum. Setae</emphasis>
|
||
and
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FCE5CFF82FFAD3892EA1EFDDA406D" bold="true" box="[428,589,1794,1819]" pageId="81" pageNumber="82">tubular ducts</emphasis>
|
||
absent.
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FCE5CFF82FFAD3B8FEA1EFC0C406D" bold="true" box="[689,923,1794,1819]" pageId="81" pageNumber="82">Microtubular ducts</emphasis>
|
||
with a circular opening about 2 Μm diameter, inner ductule about 1 Μm long and outer ductule 0.5 Μm long; in 4 longitudinal rows, each with 9 pores.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BB4124EFF82FFAE39F9EA56FBB2454B" blockId="81.[151,1436,1686,2035]" lastBlockId="82.[151,1437,151,2013]" lastPageId="82" lastPageNumber="83" pageId="81" pageNumber="82">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FCE5CFF82FFAD39F9EA56FECD4015" bold="true" box="[199,346,1866,1891]" pageId="81" pageNumber="82">Venter. Eyes</emphasis>
|
||
circular, each 5 µm diameter, lateral to each scape.
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FCE5CFF82FFAD3AA2EA56FB984015" bold="true" box="[924,1039,1866,1891]" pageId="81" pageNumber="82">Antennae</emphasis>
|
||
1 segmented, 25–30 µm long; with 2 fleshy setae on apical tip.
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FCE5CFF82FFAD38CDEA72FDBC40F1" bold="true" box="[499,555,1902,1927]" pageId="81" pageNumber="82">Legs</emphasis>
|
||
reduced to stumps that appear to be 1 segmented, each 15–20 µm long; occasionally with a round sclerotized area on apex.
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FCE5CFF82FFAD3BCAEA8EFCE540DD" bold="true" box="[756,882,1938,1963]" pageId="81" pageNumber="82">Tentorium</emphasis>
|
||
120–125 µm long, 87–95 µm wide.
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FCE5CFF82FFAD3C1AEA8EFA1540DD" bold="true" box="[1316,1410,1938,1963]" pageId="81" pageNumber="82">Labium</emphasis>
|
||
3 segmented, triangular, 62–80 µm long, 45–50 µm wide; labial setae setose: basal segment with 1 pair about 5 µm long, median segment with 1 pair 17–20 µm long and with 3 pairs of apical setae, each 8–13 µm long.
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FCE5CFF82FFAD3C11EAC6FA0B4085" bold="true" box="[1327,1436,2010,2035]" pageId="81" pageNumber="82">Spiracles</emphasis>
|
||
subequal in size, each peritreme 13 Μm long, 8 Μm wide; crescent-shaped sclerosis 28–35 µm long; each spiracle with quinquelocular pores anterolaterally, each 3 µm diameter, each anterior spiracle with 2 pores and each posterior spiracle with 1 pore.
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FCE5CFF81FFAE38C4EDC3FD34478E" bold="true" box="[506,675,223,248]" pageId="82" pageNumber="83">Tubular ducts</emphasis>
|
||
of
|
||
<typeStatus id="54B0ACECFF81FFAE3BF4EDFCFC95478E" box="[714,770,224,248]" pageId="82" pageNumber="83">Type</typeStatus>
|
||
2 only, with inner ductule 5–8 µm long, inner cup about 5 µm wide and outer ductule 8–13 µm long, arranged in a complete submarginal band 2–3 ducts wide; ducts also scattered medially on head and thorax.
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FCE5CFF81FFAE3B50EC3BFC984636" bold="true" box="[622,783,295,320]" pageId="82" pageNumber="83">Ventral setae</emphasis>
|
||
of two
|
||
<typeStatus id="54B0ACECFF81FFAE3A4BEC34FC234636" box="[885,948,296,320]" pageId="82" pageNumber="83">types</typeStatus>
|
||
: (i) setose setae: with 3 pairs anterior to tentorium, each 8 µm long; abdominal segments II–VII with medial and submedial setae, each 10 µm. Also with a pair just anterior to anal ring, about 7 µm long, plus a pair posterior to anal ring 12 µm long; (ii) tack-like setae, each 3 µm long, with 2 medial to each coxa, and also submarginally in abdominal segments II–VII.
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FCE5CFF81FFAE3C3DEC88FA0B46DB" bold="true" box="[1283,1436,404,429]" pageId="82" pageNumber="83">Microspines,</emphasis>
|
||
each 2 µm long, in groups of 1–8 over entire body but in 2–5 transverse rows on abdominal segments.
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FCE5CFF81FFAE3C16ECABFA0B46A6" bold="true" box="[1320,1436,439,464]" pageId="82" pageNumber="83">Anal ring</emphasis>
|
||
ventral, diameter 25 µm, circular with a posterior gap, each half with 3 spinose setae, each 25 µm long, and 5–8 pores.
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FCE5CFF81FFAE39DFECE3FEC9456E" bold="true" box="[225,350,511,536]" pageId="82" pageNumber="83">Anal lobes</emphasis>
|
||
barely developed, each with 2 spinose setae on apex, one 10 µm long and other 12 µm long, each similar in shape to marginal setae, plus a long setose apical setae 48–50 µm long.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BB4124EFF81FFAE39F9EF5BFEC7444E" blockId="82.[151,1437,151,2013]" pageId="82" pageNumber="83">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FCE5CFF81FFAE39F9EF5BFED84516" bold="true" box="[199,335,583,608]" pageId="82" pageNumber="83">Comments.</emphasis>
|
||
The third-instar female of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0B69CDFF81FFAE3BBEEF55FCA14516" box="[640,822,583,608]" class="Insecta" family="Kermesidae" genus="Nidularia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="82" pageNumber="83" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="balachowskii">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FCE5CFF81FFAE3BBEEF55FCA14516" box="[640,822,583,608]" italics="true" pageId="82" pageNumber="83">N. balachowskii</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
can be distinguished from those of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0B69CDFF81FFAE3DF4EF55FA884516" box="[1226,1311,585,608]" class="Insecta" family="Kermesidae" genus="Kermes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="82" pageNumber="83" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FCE5CFF81FFAE3DF4EF55FA884516" box="[1226,1311,585,608]" italics="true" pageId="82" pageNumber="83">Kermes</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
species by its narrow submarginal band of ventral tubular ducts (only one to two ducts wide). All other third-instar nymphs of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0B69CDFF81FFAE39A9EF8DFF7B45DE" box="[151,236,657,680]" class="Insecta" family="Kermesidae" genus="Kermes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="82" pageNumber="83" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FCE5CFF81FFAE39A9EF8DFF7B45DE" box="[151,236,657,680]" italics="true" pageId="82" pageNumber="83">Kermes</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
species that have been described have a wider submarginal band, five to ten ducts wide.
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0B69CDFF81FFAE3C11EF93FEBC45BB" class="Insecta" family="Kermesidae" genus="Nidularia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="82" pageNumber="83" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="balachowskii">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FCE5CFF81FFAE3C11EF93FEBC45BB" italics="true" pageId="82" pageNumber="83">Nidularia balachowskii</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
also resembles
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FCE5CFF81FFAE38DCEFA9FCA745BB" box="[482,816,692,717]" italics="true" pageId="82" pageNumber="83">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0B69CDFF81FFAE38DCEFA9FDE545BB" box="[482,626,692,717]" class="Insecta" family="Kermesidae" genus="Kermes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="82" pageNumber="83" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="echinatus">K. echinatus</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0B69CDFF81FFAE3BBEEFA9FCA745BB" box="[640,816,692,717]" class="Insecta" family="Kermesidae" genus="Kermes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="82" pageNumber="83" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="hermonensis">K. hermonensis</taxonomicName>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0B69CDFF81FFAE3A54EFA9FC7E45BB" box="[874,1001,692,717]" class="Insecta" family="Kermesidae" genus="Kermes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="82" pageNumber="83" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="vermilio">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FCE5CFF81FFAE3A54EFA9FC7E45BB" box="[874,1001,692,717]" italics="true" pageId="82" pageNumber="83">K. vermilio</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
in having (characters of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0B69CDFF81FFAE3C37EFA9FAE545BA" box="[1289,1394,693,716]" class="Insecta" family="Kermesidae" genus="Kermes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="82" pageNumber="83" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="greeni">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FCE5CFF81FFAE3C37EFA9FAE545BA" box="[1289,1394,693,716]" italics="true" pageId="82" pageNumber="83">K. greeni</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0B69CDFF81FFAE3CBCEFA9FF634586" class="Insecta" family="Kermesidae" genus="Kermes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="82" pageNumber="83" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="nahalali">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FCE5CFF81FFAE3CBCEFA9FF634586" italics="true" pageId="82" pageNumber="83">K. nahalali</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0B69CDFF81FFAE3810EFC5FE544586" box="[302,451,727,752]" class="Insecta" family="Kermesidae" genus="Kermes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="82" pageNumber="83" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="spatulatus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FCE5CFF81FFAE3810EFC5FE544586" box="[302,451,727,752]" italics="true" pageId="82" pageNumber="83">K. spatulatus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
in brackets): (i) leg segmentation reduced (legs fully developed); (ii) anal ring ventral (dorsal); (iii) tubular ducts of
|
||
<typeStatus id="54B0ACECFF81FFAE38CDEFE1FDBD4463" box="[499,554,765,789]" pageId="82" pageNumber="83">Type</typeStatus>
|
||
2 on venter (
|
||
<typeStatus id="54B0ACECFF81FFAE3BF7EFE0FC9A4462" box="[713,781,764,788]" pageId="82" pageNumber="83">Types</typeStatus>
|
||
1 and
|
||
<typeStatus id="54B0ACECFF81FFAE3A5FEFE1FC0F4463" box="[865,920,765,789]" pageId="82" pageNumber="83">Type</typeStatus>
|
||
2 on venter); and (iv) sclerotized anal lobes absent (present).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BB4124EFF81FFAE39F9EE58FBE344BE" blockId="82.[151,1437,151,2013]" pageId="82" pageNumber="83">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FCE5CFF81FFAE39F9EE58FE54442B" bold="true" box="[199,451,836,861]" pageId="82" pageNumber="83">Second-instar female</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<figureCitation id="13300ECBFF81FFAE38EDEE58FDB0442B" box="[467,551,836,861]" captionStart="FIGURE 35" captionStartId="69.[151,250,2004,2026]" captionText="FIGURE 35. Kermes spatulatus Balachowsky, second-instar female." pageId="82" pageNumber="83">Fig. 35</figureCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<figureCitation id="13300ECBFF81FFAE3B0DEE58FD14442B" box="[563,643,836,861]" captionStart="PLATE 6" captionStartId="90.[151,234,1953,1975]" captionTargetBox="[212,1377,199,1912]" captionTargetId="figure@90.[200,1387,193,1932]" captionTargetPageId="90" captionText="PLATE 6. Nidularia balachowskii Bodenheimer, general appearance; a. second-instar female; b. third-instar female; c. young adult female; d. post-reproductive female; e. male test and exuviae (arrow); f. second-instar male; g. prepupa; h. pupa; i. adult male, dorsal view, j. adult male, ventral view." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/285779/files/figure.png" pageId="82" pageNumber="83">Plate 6</figureCitation>
|
||
, fig. a).
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FCE5CFF81FFAE3BDCEE58FC43442B" bold="true" box="[738,980,836,861]" pageId="82" pageNumber="83">General appearance</emphasis>
|
||
. Body oval, elongate,
|
||
<quantity id="4CF3BFABFF81FFAE3DEAEE58FACB442A" box="[1236,1372,836,861]" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="6.5" metricValueMax="8.0" metricValueMin="5.0" pageId="82" pageNumber="83" unit="mm" value="0.65" valueMax="0.8" valueMin="0.5">0.5–0.8 mm</quantity>
|
||
long,
|
||
<quantity id="4CF3BFABFF81FFAE39A9EE7BFE8A4409" box="[151,285,871,896]" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.0" metricValueMax="5.0" metricValueMin="3.0" pageId="82" pageNumber="83" unit="mm" value="0.4" valueMax="0.5" valueMin="0.3">0.3–0.5 mm</quantity>
|
||
wide; dorsum greyish-white and venter yellow-brown; dorsal surface covered with a thin layer of wax, composed of 5 longitudinal rows of rectangular wax plates, median row with about 10–11 plates, submedian rows with about 9–11 plates and marginal rows with 9–12 plates. Wax plates largest medially.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BB4124EFF81FFAE39F9EEC8FBA8449B" blockId="82.[151,1437,151,2013]" box="[199,1087,980,1005]" pageId="82" pageNumber="83">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FCE5CFF81FFAE39F9EEC8FE27449B" bold="true" box="[199,432,980,1005]" pageId="82" pageNumber="83">Mounted specimen.</emphasis>
|
||
Body oval, elongate,
|
||
<quantity id="4CF3BFABFF81FFAE3B98EEC8FCBA449A" box="[678,813,980,1005]" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="7.5" metricValueMax="9.0" metricValueMin="6.0" pageId="82" pageNumber="83" unit="mm" value="0.75" valueMax="0.9" valueMin="0.6">0.6–0.9 mm</quantity>
|
||
long,
|
||
<quantity id="4CF3BFABFF81FFAE3A4DEEC8FC6D449A" box="[883,1018,980,1005]" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.5" metricValueMax="5.0" metricValueMin="2.0" pageId="82" pageNumber="83" unit="mm" value="0.35" valueMax="0.5" valueMin="0.2">0.2–0.5 mm</quantity>
|
||
wide.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BB4124EFF81FFAE39F9EEEBFEBE4343" blockId="82.[151,1437,151,2013]" pageId="82" pageNumber="83">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FCE5CFF81FFAE39F9EEEBFE774366" bold="true" box="[199,480,1015,1040]" pageId="82" pageNumber="83">Margin. Marginal setae</emphasis>
|
||
spinose, each about 8 µm long, 5 µm wide at base, in a single complete line of 24–31 on each side.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BB4124EFF81FFAE39F9E923FF6943E9" blockId="82.[151,1437,151,2013]" pageId="82" pageNumber="83">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FCE5CFF81FFAE39F9E923FEE2432E" bold="true" box="[199,373,1087,1112]" pageId="82" pageNumber="83">Dorsum. Setae</emphasis>
|
||
and
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FCE5CFF81FFAE3892E923FDDA432E" bold="true" box="[428,589,1087,1112]" pageId="82" pageNumber="83">tubular ducts</emphasis>
|
||
absent.
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FCE5CFF81FFAE3B8CE923FC0B432E" bold="true" box="[690,924,1087,1112]" pageId="82" pageNumber="83">Microtubular ducts</emphasis>
|
||
with a circular opening about 2 Μm diameter, inner ductule about 1 Μm long and outer ductule 0.5 Μm long; in 4 complete longitudinal rows, each row with about 25 pores.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BB4124EFF81FFAE39F9E9B0FEDD405E" blockId="82.[151,1437,151,2013]" pageId="82" pageNumber="83">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FCE5CFF81FFAE39F9E9B0FECC43B3" bold="true" box="[199,347,1196,1221]" pageId="82" pageNumber="83">Venter. Eyes</emphasis>
|
||
circular, 10 µm diameter, laterally to each scape.
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FCE5CFF81FFAE3AA9E9B0FB9D43B3" bold="true" box="[919,1034,1196,1221]" pageId="82" pageNumber="83">Antennae</emphasis>
|
||
segmentation indistinct, appears to be 3-segmented, each about 55 µm long; with 1 short seta on basal segment and a setose seta and 2 fleshy setae on apex.
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FCE5CFF81FFAE39E4E9E8FE85427B" bold="true" box="[218,274,1268,1293]" pageId="82" pageNumber="83">Legs</emphasis>
|
||
reduced to 2 or 3 segments, segmentation indistinct; each leg 30–55 µm long; sometimes with claw on tip, about 3 µm long.
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FCE5CFF81FFAE38AFE80BFD984246" bold="true" box="[401,527,1303,1328]" pageId="82" pageNumber="83">Tentorium</emphasis>
|
||
70–100 µm long, 70–75 µm wide.
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FCE5CFF81FFAE3A99E80BFB914246" bold="true" box="[935,1030,1303,1328]" pageId="82" pageNumber="83">Labium</emphasis>
|
||
3 segmented, triangular, 60–70 µm long, 40–50 µm wide; labial setae setose: basal segment with 2 pairs about 5 µm long, median segment with 1 pair 17–25 µm long and apical segment with 4 pairs 8 µm long.
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FCE5CFF81FFAE3A7FE843FC39420E" bold="true" box="[833,942,1375,1400]" pageId="82" pageNumber="83">Spiracles</emphasis>
|
||
subequal in size, each peritreme 20–25 Μm wide, each crescent-shaped sclerosis 30–50 µm long.
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FCE5CFF81FFAE3BD2E898FC0442EB" bold="true" box="[748,915,1412,1437]" pageId="82" pageNumber="83">Tubular ducts</emphasis>
|
||
of
|
||
<typeStatus id="54B0ACECFF81FFAE3A89E899FC7842EB" box="[951,1007,1413,1437]" pageId="82" pageNumber="83">Type</typeStatus>
|
||
2 only, with an inner ductule 6–10 µm long, inner cup 5 µm wide and outer ductule 8–10 µm long, arranged in a submarginal band 1 or 2 ducts wide from cephalic apex to anal ring.
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FCE5CFF81FFAE38E6E8D0FD774293" bold="true" box="[472,736,1484,1509]" pageId="82" pageNumber="83">Quinquelocular pores</emphasis>
|
||
each 4 µm diameter; with 2 pores anterior to each anterior spiracle; 1 pore anterior to each posterior spiracle.
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FCE5CFF81FFAE3BDBE8F3FC13417E" bold="true" box="[741,900,1519,1544]" pageId="82" pageNumber="83">Ventral setae</emphasis>
|
||
of two
|
||
<typeStatus id="54B0ACECFF81FFAE3ADCE8ECFBB6417E" box="[994,1057,1520,1544]" pageId="82" pageNumber="83">types</typeStatus>
|
||
: (i) setose setae: 3 pairs of setae anterior to tentorium, each about 15 µm long; abdominal segments II–VII with setae in medial rows about 8 µm long, and in submedial rows about 5 µm long; 1 seta medial to each coxa 8 µm long. Also, 2 pairs just anterior to anal ring; and a pair posterior to anal ring about 10 µm long; (ii) tack-like setae, each 3 µm long, submarginally on abdominal segments II–VII.
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FCE5CFF81FFAE38DFEB63FDEE41EE" bold="true" box="[481,633,1663,1688]" pageId="82" pageNumber="83">Microspines,</emphasis>
|
||
each about 2 µm long, in groups of
|
||
<quantity id="4CF3BFABFF81FFAE3D16EB9CFBE541EE" box="[1064,1138,1663,1688]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.143" metricValueMax="2.032" metricValueMin="0.254" pageId="82" pageNumber="83" unit="in" value="4.5" valueMax="8.0" valueMin="1.0">1–8 in</quantity>
|
||
5–8 rows on entire body.
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FCE5CFF81FFAE39A9EBB8FE9C41CB" bold="true" box="[151,267,1700,1725]" pageId="82" pageNumber="83">Anal ring</emphasis>
|
||
ventral, diameter 35–45 µm, composed of 2 semi-circles, each half with 3 spinose setae about 30 µm long, and 8–12 pores.
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FCE5CFF81FFAE38ADEBDBFD874196" bold="true" box="[403,528,1735,1760]" pageId="82" pageNumber="83">Anal lobes</emphasis>
|
||
well-developed and somewhat rounded, with 2 spinose setae about 13 µm long, similar to marginal setae, with 1 on each inner margin and another on apex of each lobe, plus a long thin apical seta 50–65 µm long.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BB4124EFF81FFAE39F9EA28FA0B40AA" blockId="82.[151,1437,151,2013]" pageId="82" pageNumber="83">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FCE5CFF81FFAE39F9EA28FED8403B" bold="true" box="[199,335,1844,1869]" pageId="82" pageNumber="83">Comments.</emphasis>
|
||
Among the Palaearctic species, the only other described second-instar females are those of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0B69CDFF81FFAE3CBCEA29FE434006" authority="Sternlicht, 1969" authorityName="Sternlicht" authorityYear="1969" class="Insecta" family="Kermesidae" genus="Kermes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="82" pageNumber="83" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="bytinskii">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FCE5CFF81FFAE3CBCEA29FF614006" italics="true" pageId="82" pageNumber="83">K. bytinskii</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF9A6FBFFF81FFAE3832EA4BFE5A4006" author="Sternlicht" box="[268,461,1879,1904]" pageId="82" pageNumber="83" refString="Sternlicht, M. (1969) Kermes bytinskii n. spec. (Coccoidea: Kermesidae) in Israel and observations of life history. Israel Journal of Entomology, 4, 251 - 270." type="journal article" year="1969">Sternlicht, 1969</bibRefCitation>
|
||
)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0B69CDFF81FFAE38D6EA45FCC14006" authority="Sternlicht, 1970" authorityName="Sternlicht" authorityYear="1970" box="[488,854,1879,1904]" class="Insecta" family="Kermesidae" genus="Kermes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="82" pageNumber="83" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="williamsi">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FCE5CFF81FFAE38D6EA45FDEF4006" box="[488,632,1879,1904]" italics="true" pageId="82" pageNumber="83">K. williamsi</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF9A6FBFFF81FFAE3BB0EA4BFCD94006" author="Sternlicht" box="[654,846,1879,1904]" pageId="82" pageNumber="83" refString="Sternlicht, M. (1970) A new species of Kermes Boitard (Coccoidea, Kermesidae) from England on oak. Entomologist's Gazette, 23, 259 - 266." type="journal article" year="1970">Sternlicht, 1970</bibRefCitation>
|
||
)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0B69CDFF81FFAE3A54EA45FB5C4006" authority="Podsiadlo, 2012" authorityName="Podsiadlo" authorityYear="2012" box="[874,1227,1879,1904]" class="Insecta" family="Kermesidae" genus="Kermes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="82" pageNumber="83" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="quercus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FCE5CFF81FFAE3A54EA45FC7D4006" box="[874,1002,1881,1904]" italics="true" pageId="82" pageNumber="83">K. quercus</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF9A6FBFFF81FFAE3D3FEA4BFB544006" author="Podsiadlo" box="[1025,1219,1879,1904]" pageId="82" pageNumber="83" refString="Podsiadlo, E. (2012) Morphology of second instar nymphs of Kermes quercus (Linnaeus) (Hemiptera: Kermesidae). Polskie Pismo Entomologiczne, 81, 35 - 42. http: // dx. doi. org / 10.2478 / v 10200 - 011 - 0061 - 9" type="journal article" year="2012">Podsiadlo, 2012</bibRefCitation>
|
||
)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0B69CDFF81FFAE3C28EA45FE0A40E2" authority="Pellizzari et al., 2012" authorityName="Pellizzari et al." authorityYear="2012" class="Insecta" family="Kermesidae" genus="Kermes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="82" pageNumber="83" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="vermilio">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FCE5CFF81FFAE3C28EA45FA0B4006" box="[1302,1436,1879,1904]" italics="true" pageId="82" pageNumber="83">K. vermilio</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF9A6FBFFF81FFAE39A0EA60FE0240E2" author="Pellizzari" box="[158,405,1916,1941]" pageId="82" pageNumber="83" refString="Pellizzari, G., Porcelli, F., Convertini, S. & Marotta, S. (2012) Description of nymphal instars and adult female of Kermes vermilio Planchon (Hemiptera, Coccoidea, Kermesidae), with a synopsis of the European and Mediterranean species. Zootaxa, 3336, 36 - 50." type="journal article" year="2012">
|
||
Pellizzari
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FCE5CFF81FFAE382FEA61FEDD40E3" box="[273,330,1916,1941]" italics="true" pageId="82" pageNumber="83">et al.</emphasis>
|
||
, 2012
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. That of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0B69CDFF81FFAE3B3CEA61FD2040E3" box="[514,695,1916,1941]" class="Insecta" family="Kermesidae" genus="Nidularia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="82" pageNumber="83" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="balachowskii">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FCE5CFF81FFAE3B3CEA61FD2040E3" box="[514,695,1916,1941]" italics="true" pageId="82" pageNumber="83">N. balachowskii</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
most closely resembles
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0B69CDFF81FFAE3AF5EA61FBCF40E3" box="[971,1112,1916,1941]" class="Insecta" family="Kermesidae" genus="Kermes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="82" pageNumber="83" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="echinatus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FCE5CFF81FFAE3AF5EA61FBCF40E3" box="[971,1112,1916,1941]" italics="true" pageId="82" pageNumber="83">K. echinatus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0B69CDFF81FFAE3D5BEA61FA8340E3" box="[1125,1300,1916,1941]" class="Insecta" family="Kermesidae" genus="Kermes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="82" pageNumber="83" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="hermonensis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FCE5CFF81FFAE3D5BEA61FA8340E3" box="[1125,1300,1916,1941]" italics="true" pageId="82" pageNumber="83">K. hermonensis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0B69CDFF81FFAE3C1DEA61FA0B40E2" box="[1315,1436,1917,1940]" class="Insecta" family="Kermesidae" genus="Kermes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="82" pageNumber="83" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="quercus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FCE5CFF81FFAE3C1DEA61FA0B40E2" box="[1315,1436,1917,1940]" italics="true" pageId="82" pageNumber="83">K. quercus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0B69CDFF81FFAE39F4EABDFEDC40CF" box="[202,331,1952,1977]" class="Insecta" family="Kermesidae" genus="Kermes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="82" pageNumber="83" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="vermilio">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FCE5CFF81FFAE39F4EABDFEDC40CF" box="[202,331,1952,1977]" italics="true" pageId="82" pageNumber="83">K. vermilio</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
in having reduced antennae and leg segments. However,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0B69CDFF81FFAE3ACEEABDFB3F40CF" box="[1008,1192,1952,1977]" class="Insecta" family="Kermesidae" genus="Nidularia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="82" pageNumber="83" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="balachowskii">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FCE5CFF81FFAE3ACEEABDFB3F40CF" box="[1008,1192,1952,1977]" italics="true" pageId="82" pageNumber="83">N. balachowskii</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
has three-segmented antennae and three-segmented legs, whereas
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0B69CDFF81FFAE3BB0EAD9FC8D40AB" box="[654,794,1988,2013]" class="Insecta" family="Kermesidae" genus="Kermes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="82" pageNumber="83" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="echinatus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FCE5CFF81FFAE3BB0EAD9FC8D40AB" box="[654,794,1988,2013]" italics="true" pageId="82" pageNumber="83">K. echinatus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
has one-segmented antennae and one-segmented legs,
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FCE5CFF81FFAE3CBCEAD9FA0B40AA" box="[1410,1436,1989,2012]" italics="true" pageId="82" pageNumber="83">K.</emphasis>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C31141C5FF80FFA939A9ED8BFC7146FE" lastPageId="85" lastPageNumber="86" pageId="83" pageNumber="84" type="reference_group">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BB4124EFF80FFAF39A9ED8BFBAC4613" blockId="83.[151,1436,151,357]" pageId="83" pageNumber="84">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0B69CDFF80FFAF39A9ED8BFEB347C6" box="[151,292,151,176]" class="Insecta" family="Kermesidae" genus="Kermes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="83" pageNumber="84" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="hermonensis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FCE5CFF80FFAF39A9ED8BFEB347C6" box="[151,292,151,176]" italics="true" pageId="83" pageNumber="84">hermonensis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
has five or six-segmented antennae,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0B69CDFF80FFAF3BFCED85FCAD47C6" ID-CoL="3R66V" box="[706,826,153,176]" class="Insecta" family="Kermesidae" genus="Kermes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="83" pageNumber="84" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="quercus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FCE5CFF80FFAF3BFCED85FCAD47C6" box="[706,826,153,176]" italics="true" pageId="83" pageNumber="84">K. quercus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
has six-segmented antennae and three-segmented legs and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0B69CDFF80FFAF39FBEDA1FED547A3" ID-CoL="3R67Q" box="[197,322,188,213]" class="Insecta" family="Kermesidae" genus="Kermes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="83" pageNumber="84" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="vermilio">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FCE5CFF80FFAF39FBEDA1FED547A3" box="[197,322,188,213]" italics="true" pageId="83" pageNumber="84">K. vermilio</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
has three-segmented antennae and one-segmented legs. Also, second-instar female
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0B69CDFF80FFAF3DD6EDA1FA0B47A3" ID-CoL="47DK6" box="[1256,1436,188,213]" class="Insecta" family="Kermesidae" genus="Nidularia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="83" pageNumber="84" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="balachowskii">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FCE5CFF80FFAF3DD6EDA1FA0B47A3" box="[1256,1436,188,213]" italics="true" pageId="83" pageNumber="84">N. balachowskii</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0B69CDFF80FFAF39F1EDFDFEDA478E" ID-CoL="3R67Q" box="[207,333,223,248]" class="Insecta" family="Kermesidae" genus="Kermes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="83" pageNumber="84" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="vermilio">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FCE5CFF80FFAF39F1EDFDFEDA478E" box="[207,333,223,248]" italics="true" pageId="83" pageNumber="84">K. vermilio</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
) lack frontal lobes, and, like
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0B69CDFF80FFAF3BABEDFDFCB6478E" ID-CoL="3R64Z" box="[661,801,223,248]" class="Insecta" family="Kermesidae" genus="Kermes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="83" pageNumber="84" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="echinatus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FCE5CFF80FFAF3BABEDFDFCB6478E" box="[661,801,223,248]" italics="true" pageId="83" pageNumber="84">K. echinatus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0B69CDFF80FFAF3A11EDFDFC49478E" box="[815,990,223,248]" class="Insecta" family="Kermesidae" genus="Kermes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="83" pageNumber="84" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="hermonensis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FCE5CFF80FFAF3A11EDFDFC49478E" box="[815,990,223,248]" italics="true" pageId="83" pageNumber="84">K. hermonensis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0B69CDFF80FFAF3D2AEDFDFB06478E" ID-CoL="3R67Q" box="[1044,1169,223,248]" class="Insecta" family="Kermesidae" genus="Kermes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="83" pageNumber="84" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="vermilio">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FCE5CFF80FFAF3D2AEDFDFB06478E" box="[1044,1169,223,248]" italics="true" pageId="83" pageNumber="84">K. vermilio</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0B69CDFF80FFAF3D9EEDFDFAC2478E" ID-CoL="47DK6" box="[1184,1365,223,248]" class="Insecta" family="Kermesidae" genus="Nidularia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="83" pageNumber="84" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="balachowskii">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FCE5CFF80FFAF3D9EEDFDFAC2478E" box="[1184,1365,223,248]" italics="true" pageId="83" pageNumber="84">N. balachowskii</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, lacks quinquelocular pores ventrally on the abdomen. Other
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F31C52DEFF80FFAF3BC0EC18FCD3466B" box="[766,836,260,285]" name="Israel" pageId="83" pageNumber="84">Israeli</collectingCountry>
|
||
species, i.e.
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FCE5CFF80FFAF3AEBEC19FB5E466B" box="[981,1225,260,285]" italics="true" pageId="83" pageNumber="84">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0B69CDFF80FFAF3AEBEC19FBA8466A" ID-CoL="3R65J" box="[981,1087,261,284]" class="Insecta" family="Kermesidae" genus="Kermes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="83" pageNumber="84" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="greeni">K. greeni</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0B69CDFF80FFAF3D75EC19FB5E466B" ID-CoL="3R663" box="[1099,1225,260,285]" class="Insecta" family="Kermesidae" genus="Kermes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="83" pageNumber="84" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="nahalali">K. nahalali</taxonomicName>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0B69CDFF80FFAF3C3FEC19FA02466B" ID-CoL="3R67B" box="[1281,1429,260,285]" class="Insecta" family="Kermesidae" genus="Kermes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="83" pageNumber="84" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="spatulatus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FCE5CFF80FFAF3C3FEC19FA02466B" box="[1281,1429,260,285]" italics="true" pageId="83" pageNumber="84">K. spatulatus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, have six-segmented antennae and well-developed legs, as also found on several Nearctic species, including,
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FCE5CFF80FFAF3CBCEC35FE2D4613" italics="true" pageId="83" pageNumber="84">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0B69CDFF80FFAF3CBCEC35FE904613" ID-CoL="3R64T" class="Insecta" family="Kermesidae" genus="Kermes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="83" pageNumber="84" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="cockerelli">K. cockerelli</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0B69CDFF80FFAF382CEC51FE2D4613" ID-CoL="6NL5P" box="[274,442,332,357]" class="Insecta" family="Kermesidae" genus="Kermes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="83" pageNumber="84" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="concinnulus">K. concinnulus</taxonomicName>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0B69CDFF80FFAF38CFEC51FDC24613" ID-CoL="744LM" box="[497,597,332,357]" class="Insecta" family="Kermesidae" genus="Nanokermes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="83" pageNumber="84" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="iselini">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FCE5CFF80FFAF38CFEC51FDC24613" box="[497,597,332,357]" italics="true" pageId="83" pageNumber="84">N. iselini</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0B69CDFF80FFAF3BB2EC51FBA04613" ID-CoL="498VG" authority="Baer & Kosztarab, 1985" authorityName="Baer & Kosztarab" authorityYear="1985" box="[652,1079,332,357]" class="Insecta" family="Kermesidae" genus="Olliffiella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="83" pageNumber="84" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="secunda">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FCE5CFF80FFAF3BB2EC51FC9D4613" box="[652,778,332,357]" italics="true" pageId="83" pageNumber="84">
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F31C52DEFF80FFAF3BB2EC51FD344612" box="[652,675,333,356]" name="Iceland" pageId="83" pageNumber="84">O</collectingCountry>
|
||
. secunda
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF9A6FBFFF80FFAF3A27EC50FBB84613" author="Baer" box="[793,1071,332,357]" pageId="83" pageNumber="84" refString="Baer, R. G. & Kosztarab, M. (1985) Studies on the morphology and systematics of scale insects-No. 12. II. A morphological and systematic study of the first and second instars of the family Kermesidae in the Nearctic region (Homoptera: Coccoidea). Bulletin of the Virginia Polytechnic Institute and University Research Division, 85, 119 - 261." type="journal article" year="1985">Baer & Kosztarab, 1985</bibRefCitation>
|
||
)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<caption id="DF7442C6FF80FFAF39A9EB65FC1F41F9" box="[151,904,1657,1679]" pageId="83" pageNumber="84">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BB4124EFF80FFAF39A9EB65FC1F41F9" blockId="83.[151,904,1657,1679]" box="[151,904,1657,1679]" pageId="83" pageNumber="84">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FCE5CFF80FFAF39A9EB65FE8841F9" bold="true" box="[151,287,1657,1679]" pageId="83" pageNumber="84">FIGURE 43.</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0B69CDFF80FFAF381BEB65FD3341F9" ID-CoL="47DK6" authority="Bodenheimer" authorityName="Bodenheimer" box="[293,676,1657,1679]" class="Insecta" family="Kermesidae" genus="Nidularia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="83" pageNumber="84" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="balachowskii">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FCE5CFF80FFAF381BEB65FD8441F9" box="[293,531,1657,1679]" italics="true" pageId="83" pageNumber="84">Nidularia balachowskii</emphasis>
|
||
Bodenheimer
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, second-instar female.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BB4124EFF80FFAF39F9EBAAFD784185" blockId="83.[151,1436,1718,2031]" pageId="83" pageNumber="84">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FCE5CFF80FFAF39F9EBAAFE3841B9" bold="true" box="[199,431,1718,1743]" pageId="83" pageNumber="84">First-instar nymph</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<figureCitation id="13300ECBFF80FFAF38FCEBAAFD8041B9" box="[450,535,1718,1743]" captionStart="FIGURE 44" captionStartId="84.[151,250,1386,1408]" captionText="FIGURE 44. Nidularia balachowskii Bodenheimer, first-instar nymph." pageId="83" pageNumber="84">Fig. 44</figureCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FCE5CFF80FFAF3B0FEBAAFCB941B9" bold="true" box="[561,814,1718,1743]" pageId="83" pageNumber="84">General appearance.</emphasis>
|
||
Body oval, tapering posteriorly,
|
||
<quantity id="4CF3BFABFF80FFAF3D8CEBABFACE41B8" box="[1202,1369,1719,1743]" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.05" metricValueMax="4.3" metricValueMin="3.8" pageId="83" pageNumber="84" unit="mm" value="0.405" valueMax="0.43" valueMin="0.38">0.38–0.43 mm</quantity>
|
||
long,
|
||
<quantity id="4CF3BFABFF80FFAF39A9EBC6FE894184" box="[151,286,1754,1778]" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.5" metricValueMax="3.0" metricValueMin="2.0" pageId="83" pageNumber="84" unit="mm" value="0.25" valueMax="0.3" valueMin="0.2">0.2–0.3 mm</quantity>
|
||
wide; dorsum and venter yellowish-grey.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BB4124EFF80FFAF39F9EBE2FC6B4061" blockId="83.[151,1436,1718,2031]" box="[199,1020,1790,1815]" pageId="83" pageNumber="84">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FCE5CFF80FFAF39F9EBE2FE3E4061" bold="true" box="[199,425,1790,1815]" pageId="83" pageNumber="84">Mounted specimen</emphasis>
|
||
. Body oval,
|
||
<quantity id="4CF3BFABFF80FFAF3B07EBE2FD4B4060" box="[569,732,1790,1815]" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.75" metricValueMax="5.3" metricValueMin="4.2" pageId="83" pageNumber="84" unit="mm" value="0.475" valueMax="0.53" valueMin="0.42">0.42–0.53 mm</quantity>
|
||
long,
|
||
<quantity id="4CF3BFABFF80FFAF3A1CEBE3FC204060" box="[802,951,1791,1815]" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.7" metricValueMax="3.4" metricValueMin="2.0" pageId="83" pageNumber="84" unit="mm" value="0.27" valueMax="0.34" valueMin="0.2">0.2–0.34 mm</quantity>
|
||
wide.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BB4124EFF80FFAF39F9EA3EFDE44029" blockId="83.[151,1436,1718,2031]" pageId="83" pageNumber="84">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FCE5CFF80FFAF39F9EA3EFE7C404D" bold="true" box="[199,491,1826,1851]" pageId="83" pageNumber="84">Margin. Marginal setae</emphasis>
|
||
sharply spinose, pointed apically and slightly curved, each 9–15 Μm long, in a complete single row of 26–33 on one side.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BB4124EFF80FFAF39F9EA76FC504099" blockId="83.[151,1436,1718,2031]" pageId="83" pageNumber="84">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FCE5CFF80FFAF39F9EA76FEED40F5" bold="true" box="[199,378,1898,1923]" pageId="83" pageNumber="84">Dorsum. Derm</emphasis>
|
||
membranous with inter-segmental lines.
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FCE5CFF80FFAF3A75EA76FBA240F5" bold="true" box="[843,1077,1898,1923]" pageId="83" pageNumber="84">Microtubular ducts</emphasis>
|
||
with a circular opening about 1 Μm diameter, inner ductule about 1 Μm long and outer ductule 0.5 Μm long; in 4 incomplete longitudinal rows: submarginal lines on thorax and most abdominal segments, and medial lines restricted to abdomen
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FCE5CFF80FFAF3C36EAAEFADF40BD" bold="true" box="[1288,1352,1970,1995]" pageId="83" pageNumber="84">Setae</emphasis>
|
||
setose: with single setae submedially on each thoracic segment, each 5 Μm long.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<caption id="DF7442C6FF87FFA839A9E876FCFC42F6" box="[151,875,1386,1408]" pageId="84" pageNumber="85">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BB4124EFF87FFA839A9E876FCFC42F6" blockId="84.[151,875,1386,1408]" box="[151,875,1386,1408]" pageId="84" pageNumber="85">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FCE5CFF87FFA839A9E876FE8842F6" bold="true" box="[151,287,1386,1408]" pageId="84" pageNumber="85">FIGURE 44.</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0B69CDFF87FFA8381BE876FD3342F6" ID-CoL="47DK6" authority="Bodenheimer" authorityName="Bodenheimer" box="[293,676,1386,1408]" class="Insecta" family="Kermesidae" genus="Nidularia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="84" pageNumber="85" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="balachowskii">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FCE5CFF87FFA8381BE876FD8442F6" box="[293,531,1386,1408]" italics="true" pageId="84" pageNumber="85">Nidularia balachowskii</emphasis>
|
||
Bodenheimer
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, first-instar nymph.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BB4124EFF87FFA939F9E8BBFC7146FE" blockId="84.[151,1437,1447,2012]" lastBlockId="85.[151,1437,151,717]" lastPageId="85" lastPageNumber="86" pageId="84" pageNumber="85">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FCE5CFF87FFA839F9E8BBFECB42B6" bold="true" box="[199,348,1447,1472]" pageId="84" pageNumber="85">Venter. Eyes</emphasis>
|
||
each 12–15 Μm, near margin.
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FCE5CFF87FFA83B81E8BBFCA542B6" bold="true" box="[703,818,1447,1472]" pageId="84" pageNumber="85">Antennae</emphasis>
|
||
6 segmented, length 88–125 Μm; setal distribution as follows: scape and pedicel each with 2 setose setae; segment III with 1 long setose seta; IV with 1 fleshy seta; V with 2 fleshy setae and 2 setose setae; apical segment with 2 fleshy setae and 5 setose setae.
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FCE5CFF87FFA83D96E8F3FB77417E" bold="true" box="[1192,1248,1519,1544]" pageId="84" pageNumber="85">Legs</emphasis>
|
||
well-developed; measurements (in Μm) of metathoracic leg: coxa 25–30, trochanter + femur 63–80, tibia 25–38, tarsus 25–60, claw 13–23; total length 158–213; trochanter with 2 oval, sensory pores on each side; tarsal digitules 25–30 Μm long, knobbed apically, extending beyond claw apex; claw digitules knobbed apically, each 14–20 Μm long, shorter than tarsal digitules; each claw with a single denticle.
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FCE5CFF87FFA83BE8EB63FCC341EE" bold="true" box="[726,852,1663,1688]" pageId="84" pageNumber="85">Tentorium</emphasis>
|
||
well-developed, 75–90 Μm long, 63–75 Μm wide.
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FCE5CFF87FFA839A9EBBFFF6141CA" bold="true" box="[151,246,1699,1724]" pageId="84" pageNumber="85">Labium</emphasis>
|
||
3 segmented, triangular, 82–100 Μm long, 35–38 Μm wide; labial setae setose, as follows: basal segment with 2 pairs 10–15 Μm long, median segment with 1 pair on dorsal surface 10–20 Μm long, apical segment with 4 pairs 12–17 Μm long.
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FCE5CFF87FFA838B0EBF7FE6C4072" bold="true" box="[398,507,1771,1796]" pageId="84" pageNumber="85">Spiracles</emphasis>
|
||
subequal in size, each peritreme 3–5 Μm wide, each crescent-shaped sclerosis 15– 25 Μm long.
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FCE5CFF87FFA83817EA13FE77405E" bold="true" box="[297,480,1807,1832]" pageId="84" pageNumber="85">Bilocular pores</emphasis>
|
||
oval, each 2 Μm long and 1 Μm wide; with 1 pore present between margin and each spiracle.
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FCE5CFF87FFA839C5EA2FFD92403A" bold="true" box="[251,517,1843,1868]" pageId="84" pageNumber="85">Quinquelocular pores,</emphasis>
|
||
each 3 Μm diameter, with 1 pore just anterior to each spiracle and a pore medial to each coxa; plus 2 on each of abdominal segments IV, V, VI.
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FCE5CFF87FFA83A02EA4BFC404006" bold="true" box="[828,983,1879,1904]" pageId="84" pageNumber="85">Ventral setae</emphasis>
|
||
of three
|
||
<typeStatus id="54B0ACECFF87FFA83D02EA44FBEC4006" box="[1084,1147,1880,1904]" pageId="84" pageNumber="85">types</typeStatus>
|
||
: (i) sharply spinose setae, similar to those on margin: with 1 pair near anterior margin, each 10–15 Μm; a line of 7 or 8 setae submarginally in metathorax and abdominal segments II–VII, similar to marginal setae but shorter, each about 7 Μm long; (ii) setose setae: 3 pairs between scapes, each 20–30 Μm long; 1 seta medial to each coxa 8–15 Μm long; also segmentally arranged medially and submedially on abdominal segments II–VII, each 10–17 Μm long. Plus a pair anterior to anal ring 12–15 Μm long, and another pair postero-lateral to anal ring 15–25 Μm long; and (iii) tack-like setae, each 5–6 Μm long, extending submarginally from metathorax to abdominal segment VII.
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FCE5CFF86FFA93D7AEDC3FB4B478E" bold="true" box="[1092,1244,223,248]" pageId="85" pageNumber="86">Microspines,</emphasis>
|
||
each about 1 Μm long, arranged in 2–4 transverse rows in median and submedian areas of each abdominal segment.
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FCE5CFF86FFA93C1BEC18FA0B466B" bold="true" box="[1317,1436,260,285]" pageId="85" pageNumber="86">Anal ring</emphasis>
|
||
ventral, diameter 15–25 Μm, composed of 2 semi-circles, each half with 3 spinose setae 20–30 Μm long, and about 17 pores.
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FCE5CFF86FFA93838EC50FE134613" bold="true" box="[262,388,332,357]" pageId="85" pageNumber="86">Anal lobes</emphasis>
|
||
well-developed; each lobe with 2 spinose setae on inner margin, each distinctly thicker than marginal setae and 12–15 Μm long, plus a long apical seta 77–125 Μm long.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C31141C5FF86FFA039F9EC88FB72444E" lastPageId="92" lastPageNumber="93" pageId="85" pageNumber="86" type="discussion">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BB4124EFF86FFA939F9EC88FD98454A" blockId="85.[151,1437,151,717]" pageId="85" pageNumber="86">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FCE5CFF86FFA939F9EC88FED846DB" bold="true" box="[199,335,404,429]" pageId="85" pageNumber="86">Comments.</emphasis>
|
||
There is no unique set of characters that distinguishes the first-instar nymphs of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0B69CDFF86FFA93DCEEC88FACA46DB" box="[1264,1373,404,429]" class="Insecta" family="Kermesidae" genus="Nidularia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="85" pageNumber="86" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FCE5CFF86FFA93DCEEC88FACA46DB" box="[1264,1373,404,429]" italics="true" pageId="85" pageNumber="86">Nidularia</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
from the Palaearctic
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0B69CDFF86FFA9387FECA5FE0146A6" box="[321,406,441,464]" class="Insecta" family="Kermesidae" genus="Kermes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="85" pageNumber="86" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FCE5CFF86FFA9387FECA5FE0146A6" box="[321,406,441,464]" italics="true" pageId="85" pageNumber="86">Kermes</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
examined in this study. Those of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0B69CDFF86FFA93A33ECA5FC5646A6" box="[781,961,439,464]" class="Insecta" family="Kermesidae" genus="Nidularia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="85" pageNumber="86" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="balachowskii">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FCE5CFF86FFA93A33ECA5FC5646A6" box="[781,961,439,464]" italics="true" pageId="85" pageNumber="86">N. balachowskii</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
can be distinguished from other
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0B69CDFF86FFA93C11ECABFA0B46A6" box="[1327,1436,439,464]" class="Insecta" family="Kermesidae" genus="Nidularia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="85" pageNumber="86" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FCE5CFF86FFA93C11ECABFA0B46A6" box="[1327,1436,439,464]" italics="true" pageId="85" pageNumber="86">Nidularia</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
species by the sharply spinose, apically pointed and slightly curved marginal setae, each 9–15 Μm long;
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0B69CDFF86FFA93CBCECC1FE96456E" class="Insecta" family="Kermesidae" genus="Nidularia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="85" pageNumber="86" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="pulvinata">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FCE5CFF86FFA93CBCECC1FE96456E" italics="true" pageId="85" pageNumber="86">N. pulvinata</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
has setose setae (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF9A6FBFFF86FFA938E1ECE3FDEE456E" author="Koteja" box="[479,633,511,536]" pageId="85" pageNumber="86" refString="Koteja, J. (1980) The genus Nidularia Targioni-Tozzetti, 1869 (Homoptera, Coccinea). Annalen des Naturhistorischen Museums in Wien, 83, 589 - 596." type="journal article" year="1980">Koteja, 1980</bibRefCitation>
|
||
) and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0B69CDFF86FFA93BFAEF1DFCDA456E" box="[708,845,513,536]" class="Insecta" family="Kermesidae" genus="Nidularia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="85" pageNumber="86" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="japonica">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FCE5CFF86FFA93BFAEF1DFCDA456E" box="[708,845,513,536]" italics="true" pageId="85" pageNumber="86">N. japonica</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
has setose setae, somewhat conical at their base (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF9A6FBFFF86FFA939A0EF38FED1454A" author="Kuwana" box="[158,326,548,572]" pageId="85" pageNumber="86" refString="Kuwana, S. I. (1918) New scale insect of Quercus glandulifera. Insect World, 22, 312 - 314. [in Japanese]" type="journal article" year="1918">Kuwana, 1918</bibRefCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF9A6FBFFF86FFA9386CEF38FD95454A" author="Liu" box="[338,514,548,573]" pageId="85" pageNumber="86" refString="Liu, Y. J., Liu, Y. S., Shi, Y. L. & Cui, J. (1997) A morphological study of Nidularia japonica Kuwana (Homoptera, Coccoidea, Kermesidae). Entomological Journal of East China, 6 (1), 15 - 19. [in Chinese, English abstract]" type="journal article" year="1997">
|
||
Liu
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FCE5CFF86FFA938BEEF39FE2F454B" box="[384,440,548,573]" italics="true" pageId="85" pageNumber="86">et al.</emphasis>
|
||
, 1997
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BB4124EFF86FFA939F9EF5BFCDC45DE" blockId="85.[151,1437,151,717]" pageId="85" pageNumber="86">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FCE5CFF86FFA939F9EF5BFEDA4516" bold="true" box="[199,333,583,608]" pageId="85" pageNumber="86">Adult male</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<figureCitation id="13300ECBFF86FFA93861EF5BFE224516" box="[351,437,583,608]" captionStart="FIGURE 45" captionStartId="85.[151,250,1906,1928]" captionText="FIGURE 45. Nidularia balachowskii Bodenheimer, adult male." pageId="85" pageNumber="86">Fig. 45</figureCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<figureCitation id="13300ECBFF86FFA938FDEF5BFD834516" box="[451,532,583,608]" captionStart="PLATE 6" captionStartId="90.[151,234,1953,1975]" captionTargetBox="[212,1377,199,1912]" captionTargetId="figure@90.[200,1387,193,1932]" captionTargetPageId="90" captionText="PLATE 6. Nidularia balachowskii Bodenheimer, general appearance; a. second-instar female; b. third-instar female; c. young adult female; d. post-reproductive female; e. male test and exuviae (arrow); f. second-instar male; g. prepupa; h. pupa; i. adult male, dorsal view, j. adult male, ventral view." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/285779/files/figure.png" pageId="85" pageNumber="86">Plate 6</figureCitation>
|
||
, fig. i).
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F31C52DEFF86FFA93B4DEF54FD054516" box="[627,658,584,608]" name="American Samoa" pageId="85" pageNumber="86">As</collectingCountry>
|
||
for
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0B69CDFF86FFA93BFAEF55FCC54516" box="[708,850,583,608]" class="Insecta" family="Kermesidae" genus="Kermes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="85" pageNumber="86" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="echinatus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FCE5CFF86FFA93BFAEF55FCC54516" box="[708,850,583,608]" italics="true" pageId="85" pageNumber="86">K. echinatus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
apart from:
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FCE5CFF86FFA93ADAEF5BFB484516" bold="true" box="[996,1247,583,608]" pageId="85" pageNumber="86">General appearance.</emphasis>
|
||
Newly emerged males brown-black; body 0.8–1.0 mm long; width across mesothorax
|
||
<quantity id="4CF3BFABFF86FFA93A81EF70FBDE45F2" box="[959,1097,620,644]" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.5" metricValueMax="3.0" metricValueMin="2.0" pageId="85" pageNumber="86" unit="mm" value="0.25" valueMax="0.3" valueMin="0.2">0.2–0.3 mm</quantity>
|
||
wide; fore-wing 0.8–1.0 mm long,
|
||
<quantity id="4CF3BFABFF86FFA939E9EF93FEEE45D1" box="[215,377,655,680]" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.0" metricValueMax="4.5" metricValueMin="3.5" pageId="85" pageNumber="86" unit="mm" value="0.4" valueMax="0.45" valueMin="0.35">0.35–0.45 mm</quantity>
|
||
wide; caudal filaments 0.5–1.0 mm long.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BB4124EFF86FFA939F9EFA8FB2A45BA" blockId="85.[151,1437,151,717]" box="[199,1213,692,717]" pageId="85" pageNumber="86">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FCE5CFF86FFA939F9EFA8FE2745BB" bold="true" box="[199,432,692,717]" pageId="85" pageNumber="86">Mounted specimen.</emphasis>
|
||
Total length 0.8–1.0 mm long, width across mesothorax
|
||
<quantity id="4CF3BFABFF86FFA93D11EFA8FB2E45BA" box="[1071,1209,692,716]" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3" metricValueMax="4.0" metricValueMin="2.0" pageId="85" pageNumber="86" unit="mm" value="0.3" valueMax="0.4" valueMin="0.2">0.2–0.4 mm</quantity>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<caption id="DF7442C6FF86FFA939A9EA6EFCB740FE" box="[151,800,1906,1928]" pageId="85" pageNumber="86">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BB4124EFF86FFA939A9EA6EFCB740FE" blockId="85.[151,800,1906,1928]" box="[151,800,1906,1928]" pageId="85" pageNumber="86">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FCE5CFF86FFA939A9EA6EFE8840FE" bold="true" box="[151,287,1906,1928]" pageId="85" pageNumber="86">FIGURE 45.</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0B69CDFF86FFA9381BEA6EFD3340FE" authority="Bodenheimer" authorityName="Bodenheimer" box="[293,676,1906,1928]" class="Insecta" family="Kermesidae" genus="Nidularia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="85" pageNumber="86" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="balachowskii">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FCE5CFF86FFA9381BEA6EFD8440FE" box="[293,531,1906,1928]" italics="true" pageId="85" pageNumber="86">Nidularia balachowskii</emphasis>
|
||
Bodenheimer
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, adult male.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BB4124EFF85FFAA39F9ED8BFCE346F1" blockId="86.[151,1437,151,2027]" pageId="86" pageNumber="87">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FCE5CFF85FFAA39F9ED8BFE9A47C6" bold="true" box="[199,269,151,176]" pageId="86" pageNumber="87">Head.</emphasis>
|
||
Length 175–200 µm long; width across genae 200–215 µm. Dorsal and ventral simple eyes each 30–45 µm diameter; lateral simple eyes (lse) smaller, 15 µm diameter; ocellus 10–13 µm diameter. Dorsal head setae (dhs) 8–10 hs on either side of median crest. Ventral head setae (vhs) few, total 4–6 hs.
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FCE5CFF85FFAA3D57EDC3FB71478E" bold="true" box="[1129,1254,223,248]" pageId="86" pageNumber="87">Antennae:</emphasis>
|
||
length 375–400 µm (ratio of total body length to antennal length about 1:0.43). Scape (scp) 30–35 µm long, 35–40 µm wide, with 2 or 3 hs. Pedicel (ped) 50–55 µm long, 35–40 µm wide, with 2 or 3 hs. Flagellar segments III–X each 35–65 µm long and 20–22 µm wide; segment III longest, segments becoming shorter towards apex; approximate number of setae per segment:
|
||
<date id="FFB5348EFF85FFAA3852EC6CFE6046FE" box="[364,503,368,392]" pageId="86" pageNumber="87">III–VIII 2–8</date>
|
||
fs;
|
||
<date id="FFB5348EFF85FFAA3B1CEC6CFD3946FE" box="[546,686,368,392]" pageId="86" pageNumber="87" value="2010-09-14" valueMax="2010-10-14" valueMin="2010-09-14">IX–X 10–14</date>
|
||
fs;
|
||
<date id="FFB5348EFF85FFAA3BE6EC6CFC9546FE" box="[728,770,368,392]" pageId="86" pageNumber="87">X 2</date>
|
||
ab + 4 cs.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BB4124EFF85FFAA39F9EC88FBC146A5" blockId="86.[151,1437,151,2027]" pageId="86" pageNumber="87">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FCE5CFF85FFAA39F9EC88FE2446DB" bold="true" box="[199,435,404,429]" pageId="86" pageNumber="87">Thorax. Prothorax:</emphasis>
|
||
as for
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0B69CDFF85FFAA3B3AEC89FD0546DB" box="[516,658,404,429]" class="Insecta" family="Kermesidae" genus="Kermes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="86" pageNumber="87" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="echinatus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FCE5CFF85FFAA3B3AEC89FD0546DB" box="[516,658,404,429]" italics="true" pageId="86" pageNumber="87">K. echinatus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
but sternum (stn1) with faint radial striations and 1 hs prosternal setae (stn1s) on each side. Anteprosternal (astn1s) and antemesospiracular setae (am2s) absent.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BB4124EFF85FFAA39F9ECFDFAC9451F" blockId="86.[151,1437,151,2027]" pageId="86" pageNumber="87">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FCE5CFF85FFAA39F9ECFDFEC8468C" bold="true" box="[199,351,481,506]" pageId="86" pageNumber="87">Mesothorax:</emphasis>
|
||
prescutum (prsc) rectangular, 70–80 µm long, 100–125 µm wide. Scutum (sct): median membranous area 50–60 µm long; with 1 hs on each side, lateral to membranous area, 13–15 µm long. Scutellum (scl) 40–45 µm long, 125–130 µm wide; with 1 hs 13–15 µm long on each side. Basisternum (stn2) 125–130 µm long, 200–210 µm wide; basisternal setae absent. Tegula (teg) distinct, with 3–5 hair-like tegular setae (tegs).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BB4124EFF85FFAA39F9EF68FD6B45AE" blockId="86.[151,1437,151,2027]" pageId="86" pageNumber="87">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FCE5CFF85FFAA39F9EF68FEC945FB" bold="true" box="[199,350,628,653]" pageId="86" pageNumber="87">Metathorax:</emphasis>
|
||
Metathoracic spiracles (sp3): peritreme 15–18 µm wide. Metasternum (stn3) with a total of 20–25 hs setae: 7 or 8 anterior metasternal setae (amss); 15 or 16 posterior metasternal setae (pmss) and 3 or 4 postmetaspiracular setae (eps3s), each 20–30 µm long.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BB4124EFF85FFAA39F9EFFFFDD3448D" blockId="86.[151,1437,151,2027]" pageId="86" pageNumber="87">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FCE5CFF85FFAA39F9EFFFFE8C458A" bold="true" box="[199,283,739,764]" pageId="86" pageNumber="87">Wings:</emphasis>
|
||
870–1000 µm long and 350–400 µm wide (ratio of length to width 1:0.4; ratio of total body length to wing length 1:1). Hamulohalteres (h) 25–35 µm long, 10–15 µm wide; with a single apical hamulus, 15–20 µm long.
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FCE5CFF85FFAA39DCEE37FEB44432" bold="true" box="[226,291,811,836]" pageId="86" pageNumber="87">Legs:</emphasis>
|
||
subequal in size, length 494–521 µm. Coxa:
|
||
<date id="FFB5348EFF85FFAA3A0EEE30FCF74432" box="[816,864,811,836]" pageId="86" pageNumber="87" value="1945-01">I 45</date>
|
||
–50;
|
||
<date id="FFB5348EFF85FFAA3AA4EE30FC434432" box="[922,980,811,836]" pageId="86" pageNumber="87" value="1950-02">II 50</date>
|
||
–63;
|
||
<date id="FFB5348EFF85FFAA3D33EE30FBD94432" box="[1037,1102,811,836]" pageId="86" pageNumber="87" value="1950-03">III 50</date>
|
||
–60 µm long, with 7 or 8 hs. Trochanter + femur: I 155–162; II 158–163; III 158–164 µm long, with 6–8 hs; each trochanter with 3 oval sensory pores in a triangle on each surface. Tibia: I 140–150; II 140–150; III 120–150 µm long, with 8–10 hs; all tibia with 2 apical spurs (tibs), 20–25 µm long. Tarsi 2-segmented; tarsus 2 (tar2):
|
||
<date id="FFB5348EFF85FFAA3A84EE84FC7F44C6" box="[954,1000,919,944]" pageId="86" pageNumber="87" value="1955-01">I 55</date>
|
||
–65;
|
||
<date id="FFB5348EFF85FFAA3D21EE84FBC144C6" box="[1055,1110,919,944]" pageId="86" pageNumber="87" value="1958-02">II 58</date>
|
||
–65;
|
||
<date id="FFB5348EFF85FFAA3DB0EE84FB5A44C6" box="[1166,1229,919,944]" pageId="86" pageNumber="87" value="1960-03">III 60</date>
|
||
–75 µm long, with 8–10 hs; tarsal digitules (tdgt) about 38 µm long. Claw (cl) with denticle:
|
||
<date id="FFB5348EFF85FFAA3AD9EEA3FBD444A0" box="[999,1091,957,982]" pageId="86" pageNumber="87" value="1925-01-28">I 25–28</date>
|
||
;
|
||
<date id="FFB5348EFF85FFAA3D6EEEA3FB2344A0" box="[1104,1204,957,982]" pageId="86" pageNumber="87" value="1925-02-28">II 25–28</date>
|
||
;
|
||
<date id="FFB5348EFF85FFAA3DFFEEA3FABB44A0" box="[1217,1324,958,982]" pageId="86" pageNumber="87" value="1928-03-30">III 28–30</date>
|
||
µm long; claw digitules (cdt) about 25 µm long.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BB4124EFF85FFAA39F9E919FF6C426D" blockId="86.[151,1437,151,2027]" pageId="86" pageNumber="87">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FCE5CFF85FFAA39F9E919FED44368" bold="true" box="[199,323,1029,1054]" pageId="86" pageNumber="87">Abdomen.</emphasis>
|
||
Tergites (at), sternites (as) and pleural areas unsclerotized. Abdominal dorsal setae (ads) (totals):
|
||
<date id="FFB5348EFF85FFAA3CBAE91BFF444334" pageId="86" pageNumber="87">I– VII 2</date>
|
||
hs, 10 µm long;
|
||
<date id="FFB5348EFF85FFAA38AAE937FE4D4334" box="[404,474,1066,1090]" pageId="86" pageNumber="87">VIII 4</date>
|
||
hs, 40 µm long; pleural setae: dorsopleural setae (adps) (on each side):
|
||
<date id="FFB5348EFF85FFAA3C3AE937FAB44334" box="[1284,1315,1066,1090]" pageId="86" pageNumber="87">I 8</date>
|
||
hs and
|
||
<date id="FFB5348EFF85FFAA3C45E937FF454310" pageId="86" pageNumber="87">II– VII 4</date>
|
||
or 5 hs, 10 µm long,
|
||
<date id="FFB5348EFF85FFAA38FFE953FD914310" box="[449,518,1102,1126]" pageId="86" pageNumber="87">VIII 3</date>
|
||
hs, one 60–65 µm long and others 25–30 µm long; ventropleural setae (avps) (on each side)
|
||
<date id="FFB5348EFF85FFAA3833E96FFEFE43FC" box="[269,361,1138,1162]" pageId="86" pageNumber="87">II–VII 3</date>
|
||
or 4 hs, 15 µm long; abdominal ventral setae (avs) (totals)
|
||
<date id="FFB5348EFF85FFAA3AC6E96FFB1B43FC" box="[1016,1164,1138,1162]" pageId="86" pageNumber="87" value="2010-02-14" valueMax="2010-07-14" valueMin="2010-02-14">II–VII 10–14</date>
|
||
hs,
|
||
<date id="FFB5348EFF85FFAA3D87E96FFB6A43FC" box="[1209,1277,1138,1162]" pageId="86" pageNumber="87">VIII 4</date>
|
||
hs, 28–30 µm long. Glandular pouch setae (gls) 88–100 µm long; each pouch with 7–10 pores, each 3 µm diameter with 3–5 loculi.
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FCE5CFF85FFAA39DAE9A6FE3843A5" bold="true" box="[228,431,1210,1235]" pageId="86" pageNumber="87">Genital segment:</emphasis>
|
||
penial sheath (ps) 120–130 µm long, greatest width 70–80 µm. Basal rod (bra) 30–35 µm long. Aedeagus (aed) 63–70 µm long. Genital capsule with 2 pairs of hs (gts) dorsally and 4 or 5 pairs hs (gts) ventrally
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BB4124EFF85FFAA39F9E839FAC942B8" blockId="86.[151,1437,151,2027]" pageId="86" pageNumber="87">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FCE5CFF85FFAA39F9E839FED84248" bold="true" box="[199,335,1317,1342]" pageId="86" pageNumber="87">Comments.</emphasis>
|
||
The major feature distinguishing the adult male of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0B69CDFF85FFAA3AAEE83BFBD24248" box="[912,1093,1317,1342]" class="Insecta" family="Kermesidae" genus="Nidularia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="86" pageNumber="87" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="balachowskii">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FCE5CFF85FFAA3AAEE83BFBD24248" box="[912,1093,1317,1342]" italics="true" pageId="86" pageNumber="87">N. balachowskii</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
from the other five
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F31C52DEFF85FFAA3C18E839FAFB4248" box="[1318,1388,1317,1342]" name="Israel" pageId="86" pageNumber="87">Israeli</collectingCountry>
|
||
and Nearctic species is body size. The adult male of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0B69CDFF85FFAA3B88E857FCFC4215" box="[694,875,1354,1379]" class="Insecta" family="Kermesidae" genus="Nidularia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="86" pageNumber="87" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="balachowskii">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FCE5CFF85FFAA3B88E857FCFC4215" box="[694,875,1354,1379]" italics="true" pageId="86" pageNumber="87">N. balachowskii</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
is only
|
||
<quantity id="4CF3BFABFF85FFAA3AFBE856FBDB4214" box="[965,1100,1354,1378]" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="9.5" metricValueMax="11.0" metricValueMin="8.0" pageId="86" pageNumber="87" unit="mm" value="0.95" valueMax="1.1" valueMin="0.8">0.8–1.1 mm</quantity>
|
||
long and
|
||
<quantity id="4CF3BFABFF85FFAA3D82E856FAD44214" box="[1212,1347,1354,1378]" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.5" metricValueMax="3.0" metricValueMin="2.0" pageId="86" pageNumber="87" unit="mm" value="0.25" valueMax="0.3" valueMin="0.2">0.2–0.3 mm</quantity>
|
||
wide at metathorax whereas the other species are 1.5–2.0 mm long and
|
||
<quantity id="4CF3BFABFF85FFAA3A52E871FC6342F0" box="[876,1012,1389,1414]" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.5" metricValueMax="5.0" metricValueMin="4.0" pageId="86" pageNumber="87" unit="mm" value="0.45" valueMax="0.5" valueMin="0.4">0.4–0.5 mm</quantity>
|
||
wide.
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0B69CDFF85FFAA3D7FE871FADD42F0" box="[1089,1354,1389,1414]" class="Insecta" family="Kermesidae" genus="Nidularia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="86" pageNumber="87" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="balachowskii">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FCE5CFF85FFAA3D7FE871FADD42F0" box="[1089,1354,1389,1414]" italics="true" pageId="86" pageNumber="87">Nidularia balachowskii</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
can be distinguished from
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0B69CDFF85FFAA384BE88FFE6C42DC" box="[373,507,1427,1450]" class="Insecta" family="Kermesidae" genus="Nidularia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="86" pageNumber="87" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="japonica">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FCE5CFF85FFAA384BE88FFE6C42DC" box="[373,507,1427,1450]" italics="true" pageId="86" pageNumber="87">N. japonica</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
by the absence of setae on the prosternum (
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0B69CDFF85FFAA3AC0E88FFB1442DC" box="[1022,1155,1427,1450]" class="Insecta" family="Kermesidae" genus="Nidularia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="86" pageNumber="87" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="japonica">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FCE5CFF85FFAA3AC0E88FFB1442DC" box="[1022,1155,1427,1450]" italics="true" pageId="86" pageNumber="87">N. japonica</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
has eight setae) and the presence of one pair of dorsal setae on the abdominal segments (
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0B69CDFF85FFAA3A55E8ABFC7A42B8" box="[875,1005,1463,1486]" class="Insecta" family="Kermesidae" genus="Nidularia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="86" pageNumber="87" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="japonica">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FCE5CFF85FFAA3A55E8ABFC7A42B8" box="[875,1005,1463,1486]" italics="true" pageId="86" pageNumber="87">N. japonica</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
has two pairs) (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF9A6FBFFF85FFAA3D9EE8A9FAC642B8" author="Liu" box="[1184,1361,1461,1486]" pageId="86" pageNumber="87" refString="Liu, Y. J., Liu, Y. S., Shi, Y. L. & Cui, J. (1997) A morphological study of Nidularia japonica Kuwana (Homoptera, Coccoidea, Kermesidae). Entomological Journal of East China, 6 (1), 15 - 19. [in Chinese, English abstract]" type="journal article" year="1997">
|
||
Liu
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FCE5CFF85FFAA3DEEE8ABFA9742B8" box="[1232,1280,1461,1486]" italics="true" pageId="86" pageNumber="87">et al</emphasis>
|
||
., 1997
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BB4124EFF85FFAA39F9E8C6FC40414D" blockId="86.[151,1437,151,2027]" pageId="86" pageNumber="87">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FCE5CFF85FFAA39F9E8C6FD904285" bold="true" box="[199,519,1498,1523]" pageId="86" pageNumber="87">Fourth-instar male (pupa)</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<figureCitation id="13300ECBFF85FFAA3B27E8C6FDF84285" box="[537,623,1498,1523]" captionStart="FIGURE 46" captionStartId="87.[151,250,1515,1537]" captionText="FIGURE 46. Nidularia balachowskii Bodenheimer, pupa." pageId="86" pageNumber="87">Fig. 46</figureCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<figureCitation id="13300ECBFF85FFAA3B43E8C6FD584285" box="[637,719,1498,1523]" captionStart="PLATE 6" captionStartId="90.[151,234,1953,1975]" captionTargetBox="[212,1377,199,1912]" captionTargetId="figure@90.[200,1387,193,1932]" captionTargetPageId="90" captionText="PLATE 6. Nidularia balachowskii Bodenheimer, general appearance; a. second-instar female; b. third-instar female; c. young adult female; d. post-reproductive female; e. male test and exuviae (arrow); f. second-instar male; g. prepupa; h. pupa; i. adult male, dorsal view, j. adult male, ventral view." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/285779/files/figure.png" pageId="86" pageNumber="87">Plate 6</figureCitation>
|
||
, fig. h). Develops within a white, flocculent (wooly) wax test secreted by second-instar male. Morphologically very similar to that of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0B69CDFF85FFAA3AD4E8E3FBED4160" box="[1002,1146,1533,1558]" class="Insecta" family="Kermesidae" genus="Kermes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="86" pageNumber="87" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="echinatus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FCE5CFF85FFAA3AD4E8E3FBED4160" box="[1002,1146,1533,1558]" italics="true" pageId="86" pageNumber="87">K. echinatus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
but differing as follows.
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FCE5CFF85FFAA39A9EB3EFE07414D" bold="true" box="[151,400,1570,1595]" pageId="86" pageNumber="87">General appearance.</emphasis>
|
||
Body brown, 0.9–1.0 mm long,
|
||
<quantity id="4CF3BFABFF85FFAA3BC3EB3EFC05414C" box="[765,914,1570,1595]" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.8" metricValueMax="3.5999999999999996" metricValueMin="2.0" pageId="86" pageNumber="87" unit="mm" value="0.28" valueMax="0.36" valueMin="0.2">0.2–0.36 mm</quantity>
|
||
wide.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BB4124EFF85FFAA39F9EB59FA014128" blockId="86.[151,1437,151,2027]" box="[199,1430,1605,1631]" pageId="86" pageNumber="87">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FCE5CFF85FFAA39F9EB59FE274128" bold="true" box="[199,432,1605,1630]" pageId="86" pageNumber="87">Mounted specimen.</emphasis>
|
||
Body 0.92–1.0 mm long, 0.34–4.0 mm wide; head 165–175 µm long, 250–275 µm wide.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BB4124EFF85FFAA39F9EB76FB6441D0" blockId="86.[151,1437,151,2027]" pageId="86" pageNumber="87">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FCE5CFF85FFAA39F9EB76FE2941F5" bold="true" box="[199,446,1642,1667]" pageId="86" pageNumber="87">Margin. Wing-buds</emphasis>
|
||
: fore-wings 375–440 µm long, 100–140 µm wide; hind-wings: length ratio to mesothoracic wings 1:11.
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FCE5CFF85FFAA3882EB91FE6B41D0" bold="true" box="[444,508,1677,1702]" pageId="86" pageNumber="87">Setae</emphasis>
|
||
fine and blunt, each 12–15 µm long, distributed as on
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FCE5CFF85FFAA3D5EEB93FB6441D0" box="[1120,1267,1677,1702]" italics="true" pageId="86" pageNumber="87">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0B69CDFF85FFAA3D5EEB93FB6741D0" box="[1120,1264,1677,1702]" class="Insecta" family="Kermesidae" genus="Kermes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="86" pageNumber="87" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="echinatus">K. echinatus</taxonomicName>
|
||
.
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BB4124EFF85FFAA39F9EBAEFAC2409D" blockId="86.[151,1437,151,2027]" pageId="86" pageNumber="87">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FCE5CFF85FFAA39F9EBAEFEFA41BD" bold="true" box="[199,365,1714,1739]" pageId="86" pageNumber="87">Dorsum. Eyes</emphasis>
|
||
absent.
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FCE5CFF85FFAA38F2EBAEFDEC41BD" bold="true" box="[460,635,1714,1739]" pageId="86" pageNumber="87">Ocular sclerite</emphasis>
|
||
reticulated, 35–50 µm long, 75–90 µm wide.
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FCE5CFF85FFAA3DB7EBAEFB5041BD" bold="true" box="[1161,1223,1714,1739]" pageId="86" pageNumber="87">Setae</emphasis>
|
||
setose, each 5 µm long, with 4 pairs on head apex; and in submedial longitudinal rows.
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FCE5CFF85FFAA3AB6EBC9FB954198" bold="true" box="[904,1026,1749,1774]" pageId="86" pageNumber="87">Anal lobes</emphasis>
|
||
rounded and membranous, each with a setose seta 55–95 Μm long on apex.
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FCE5CFF85FFAA3B0BEBE6FC814065" bold="true" box="[565,790,1786,1811]" pageId="86" pageNumber="87">Median penial lobe</emphasis>
|
||
triangular, 95–105 Μm long, 95–115 Μm wide; with 3 pairs of setose setae, each 15–20 Μm long.
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FCE5CFF85FFAA3B7EEA01FCDD4040" bold="true" box="[576,842,1821,1846]" pageId="86" pageNumber="87">Venter. Ocular sclerite</emphasis>
|
||
as on dorsum.
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FCE5CFF85FFAA3AC4EA01FBFC4040" bold="true" box="[1018,1131,1821,1846]" pageId="86" pageNumber="87">Antennae</emphasis>
|
||
10 segmented, total length 400–460 µm, width 25–35 µm; setae absent.
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FCE5CFF85FFAA3BAEEA5EFD6D402D" bold="true" box="[656,762,1858,1883]" pageId="86" pageNumber="87">Spiracles</emphasis>
|
||
subequal in size, each peritreme 18–20 µm long, 10–15 µm wide, each sclerosis 25–33 µm long; without pores.
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FCE5CFF85FFAA3BEBEA79FC9B4008" bold="true" box="[725,780,1893,1918]" pageId="86" pageNumber="87">Legs</emphasis>
|
||
well-developed, subequal in size, measurements (in Μm) of metathoracic legs: coxa 50–75, trochanter + femur 125–150, tibia 100–110, tarsus 60–75; total length 335–410 Μm; each coxa with 2 short setae, each 5 µm long; incipient claw 5 µm long.
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FCE5CFF85FFAA3AFAEAB1FBCA40B0" bold="true" box="[964,1117,1965,1990]" pageId="86" pageNumber="87">Ventral setae</emphasis>
|
||
setose: with 4 pairs of interantennal setae, each 5 Μm long; abdominal setae arranged as on
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0B69CDFF85FFAA3A6DEACFFC4B409D" box="[851,988,2002,2027]" class="Insecta" family="Kermesidae" genus="Kermes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="86" pageNumber="87" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="echinatus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FCE5CFF85FFAA3A6DEACFFC4B409D" box="[851,988,2002,2027]" italics="true" pageId="86" pageNumber="87">K. echinatus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
.
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FCE5CFF85FFAA3AD7EACEFBE9409D" bold="true" box="[1001,1150,2002,2027]" pageId="86" pageNumber="87">Microspines,</emphasis>
|
||
as on
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FCE5CFF85FFAA3DFBEACFFAC2409D" box="[1221,1365,2002,2027]" italics="true" pageId="86" pageNumber="87">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0B69CDFF85FFAA3DFBEACFFAC7409D" box="[1221,1360,2002,2027]" class="Insecta" family="Kermesidae" genus="Kermes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="86" pageNumber="87" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="echinatus">K. echinatus</taxonomicName>
|
||
.
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BB4124EFF84FFAB39F9ED8BFCC14636" blockId="87.[151,1436,151,320]" pageId="87" pageNumber="88">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FCE5CFF84FFAB39F9ED8BFED847C6" bold="true" box="[199,335,151,176]" pageId="87" pageNumber="88">Comments.</emphasis>
|
||
The pupa of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0B69CDFF84FFAB38CBED85FD3947C6" box="[501,686,151,176]" class="Insecta" family="Kermesidae" genus="Nidularia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="87" pageNumber="88" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="balachowskii">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FCE5CFF84FFAB38CBED85FD3947C6" box="[501,686,151,176]" italics="true" pageId="87" pageNumber="88">N. balachowskii</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
is greyish-brown in life, similar to those of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0B69CDFF84FFAB3DFFED85FAD447C6" box="[1217,1347,151,176]" class="Insecta" family="Kermesidae" genus="Kermes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="87" pageNumber="88" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="nahalali">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FCE5CFF84FFAB3DFFED85FAD447C6" box="[1217,1347,151,176]" italics="true" pageId="87" pageNumber="88">K. nahalali</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0B69CDFF84FFAB3CBCED85FE9D47A3" class="Insecta" family="Kermesidae" genus="Kermes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="87" pageNumber="88" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="spatulatus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FCE5CFF84FFAB3CBCED85FE9D47A3" italics="true" pageId="87" pageNumber="88">K. spatulatus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
but unlike other
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F31C52DEFF84FFAB38F2EDA0FD8547A3" box="[460,530,188,213]" name="Israel" pageId="87" pageNumber="88">Israeli</collectingCountry>
|
||
kermesids,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0B69CDFF84FFAB3BA7EDA1FC9747A2" box="[665,768,189,212]" class="Insecta" family="Kermesidae" genus="Kermes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="87" pageNumber="88" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="greeni">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FCE5CFF84FFAB3BA7EDA1FC9747A2" box="[665,768,189,212]" italics="true" pageId="87" pageNumber="88">K. greeni</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
is orange and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0B69CDFF84FFAB3A98EDA1FBA447A3" box="[934,1075,188,213]" class="Insecta" family="Kermesidae" genus="Kermes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="87" pageNumber="88" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="echinatus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FCE5CFF84FFAB3A98EDA1FBA447A3" box="[934,1075,188,213]" italics="true" pageId="87" pageNumber="88">K. echinatus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0B69CDFF84FFAB3D54EDA1FA8E47A3" box="[1130,1305,188,213]" class="Insecta" family="Kermesidae" genus="Kermes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="87" pageNumber="88" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="hermonensis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FCE5CFF84FFAB3D54EDA1FA8E47A3" box="[1130,1305,188,213]" italics="true" pageId="87" pageNumber="88">K. hermonensis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
are red.
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F31C52DEFF84FFAB3C42EDA0FA0C47A2" box="[1404,1435,188,212]" name="American Samoa" pageId="87" pageNumber="88">As</collectingCountry>
|
||
in all known kermesid pupae bar
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FCE5CFF84FFAB3B31EDFDFD52478E" box="[527,709,223,248]" italics="true" pageId="87" pageNumber="88">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0B69CDFF84FFAB3B31EDFDFD56478E" box="[527,705,223,248]" class="Insecta" family="Kermesidae" genus="Kermes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="87" pageNumber="88" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="hermonensis">K. hermonensis</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
the pupa of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0B69CDFF84FFAB3A6DEDFDFB9F478E" box="[851,1032,223,248]" class="Insecta" family="Kermesidae" genus="Nidularia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="87" pageNumber="88" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="balachowskii">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FCE5CFF84FFAB3A6DEDFDFB9F478E" box="[851,1032,223,248]" italics="true" pageId="87" pageNumber="88">N. balachowskii</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
lacks quinquelocular pores anterior to each spiracle. Also
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0B69CDFF84FFAB38ADEC19FDDE466B" box="[403,585,260,285]" class="Insecta" family="Kermesidae" genus="Nidularia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="87" pageNumber="88" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="balachowskii">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FCE5CFF84FFAB38ADEC19FDDE466B" box="[403,585,260,285]" italics="true" pageId="87" pageNumber="88">N. balachowskii</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
has membranous anal lobes, as in all described kermesid pupae apart from
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0B69CDFF84FFAB39A9EC35FF694636" box="[151,254,297,320]" class="Insecta" family="Kermesidae" genus="Kermes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="87" pageNumber="88" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="greeni">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FCE5CFF84FFAB39A9EC35FF694636" box="[151,254,297,320]" italics="true" pageId="87" pageNumber="88">K. greeni</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0B69CDFF84FFAB380AEC35FE5F4636" box="[308,456,295,320]" class="Insecta" family="Kermesidae" genus="Kermes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="87" pageNumber="88" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="spatulatus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FCE5CFF84FFAB380AEC35FE5F4636" box="[308,456,295,320]" italics="true" pageId="87" pageNumber="88">K. spatulatus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, which have sclerotized anal lobes.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<caption id="DF7442C6FF84FFAB39A9E8F7FD704177" box="[151,743,1515,1537]" pageId="87" pageNumber="88">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BB4124EFF84FFAB39A9E8F7FD704177" blockId="87.[151,743,1515,1537]" box="[151,743,1515,1537]" pageId="87" pageNumber="88">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FCE5CFF84FFAB39A9E8F7FE884177" bold="true" box="[151,287,1515,1537]" pageId="87" pageNumber="88">FIGURE 46.</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0B69CDFF84FFAB381BE8F7FD334177" authority="Bodenheimer" authorityName="Bodenheimer" box="[293,676,1515,1537]" class="Insecta" family="Kermesidae" genus="Nidularia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="87" pageNumber="88" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="balachowskii">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FCE5CFF84FFAB381BE8F7FD844177" box="[293,531,1515,1537]" italics="true" pageId="87" pageNumber="88">Nidularia balachowskii</emphasis>
|
||
Bodenheimer
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, pupa.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BB4124EFF84FFAB39F9EB34FB334113" blockId="87.[151,1436,1576,2034]" pageId="87" pageNumber="88">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FCE5CFF84FFAB39F9EB34FD8A4137" bold="true" box="[199,541,1576,1601]" pageId="87" pageNumber="88">Third-instar male (prepupa)</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<figureCitation id="13300ECBFF84FFAB3B13EB34FD164137" box="[557,641,1576,1601]" captionStart="FIGURE 47" captionStartId="88.[151,250,1556,1578]" captionText="FIGURE 47. Nidularia balachowskii Bodenheimer, prepupa." pageId="87" pageNumber="88">Fig. 47</figureCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<figureCitation id="13300ECBFF84FFAB3BB0EB34FD494137" box="[654,734,1576,1601]" captionStart="PLATE 6" captionStartId="90.[151,234,1953,1975]" captionTargetBox="[212,1377,199,1912]" captionTargetId="figure@90.[200,1387,193,1932]" captionTargetPageId="90" captionText="PLATE 6. Nidularia balachowskii Bodenheimer, general appearance; a. second-instar female; b. third-instar female; c. young adult female; d. post-reproductive female; e. male test and exuviae (arrow); f. second-instar male; g. prepupa; h. pupa; i. adult male, dorsal view, j. adult male, ventral view." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/285779/files/figure.png" pageId="87" pageNumber="88">Plate 6</figureCitation>
|
||
, fig. g).
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F31C52DEFF84FFAB3A01EB35FCC94137" box="[831,862,1577,1601]" name="American Samoa" pageId="87" pageNumber="88">As</collectingCountry>
|
||
for
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0B69CDFF84FFAB3AB0EB36FB834137" box="[910,1044,1576,1601]" class="Insecta" family="Kermesidae" genus="Kermes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="87" pageNumber="88" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="echinatus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FCE5CFF84FFAB3AB0EB36FB834137" box="[910,1044,1576,1601]" italics="true" pageId="87" pageNumber="88">K echinatus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
apart from:
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FCE5CFF84FFAB3D9CEB34FA0B4137" bold="true" box="[1186,1436,1576,1601]" pageId="87" pageNumber="88">General appearance.</emphasis>
|
||
Body brown and broadly oval when removed from test, 0.5–1.0 mm long,
|
||
<quantity id="4CF3BFABFF84FFAB3AE6EB51FBC84113" box="[984,1119,1613,1637]" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.5" metricValueMax="3.0" metricValueMin="2.0" pageId="87" pageNumber="88" unit="mm" value="0.25" valueMax="0.3" valueMin="0.2">0.2–0.3 mm</quantity>
|
||
wide.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BB4124EFF84FFAB39F9EB6CFBF041A7" blockId="87.[151,1436,1576,2034]" pageId="87" pageNumber="88">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FCE5CFF84FFAB39F9EB6CFE2741FF" bold="true" box="[199,432,1648,1673]" pageId="87" pageNumber="88">Mounted specimen.</emphasis>
|
||
Body 0.5–1.0 mm long,
|
||
<quantity id="4CF3BFABFF84FFAB3BF8EB6DFCDA41FE" box="[710,845,1649,1673]" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.5" metricValueMax="3.0" metricValueMin="2.0" pageId="87" pageNumber="88" unit="mm" value="0.25" valueMax="0.3" valueMin="0.2">0.2–0.3 mm</quantity>
|
||
wide; separation between head, thorax and abdomen not clearly demarcated.
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FCE5CFF84FFAB3891EB89FC9C41D8" bold="true" box="[431,779,1685,1710]" pageId="87" pageNumber="88">Margin. Anterior wing-buds</emphasis>
|
||
each 250–300 µm long, 90–110 µm wide, extending to about level with metathoracic coxae.
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FCE5CFF84FFAB3B07EBA4FDEE41A7" bold="true" box="[569,633,1720,1745]" pageId="87" pageNumber="88">Setae</emphasis>
|
||
fine and blunt, arranged as on
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FCE5CFF84FFAB3AEAEBA6FBF041A7" box="[980,1127,1720,1745]" italics="true" pageId="87" pageNumber="88">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0B69CDFF84FFAB3AEAEBA6FBF441A7" box="[980,1123,1720,1745]" class="Insecta" family="Kermesidae" genus="Kermes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="87" pageNumber="88" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="echinatus">K. echinatus</taxonomicName>
|
||
.
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BB4124EFF84FFAB39F9EBC1FE2C4017" blockId="87.[151,1436,1576,2034]" pageId="87" pageNumber="88">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FCE5CFF84FFAB39F9EBC1FEE04180" bold="true" box="[199,375,1757,1782]" pageId="87" pageNumber="88">Dorsum. Setae</emphasis>
|
||
setose, each 5–10 µm long, with 4 pairs on head apex; and also with submedial longitudinal rows.
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FCE5CFF84FFAB39E5EA1CFECE406F" bold="true" box="[219,345,1792,1817]" pageId="87" pageNumber="88">Anal lobes</emphasis>
|
||
rounded apically, with 2 setae on apex of each lobe, 1 long and setose, 50–60 Μm long, and other spinose, 10–15 Μm long.
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FCE5CFF84FFAB3882EA39FD304048" bold="true" box="[444,679,1829,1854]" pageId="87" pageNumber="88">Median penial lobe</emphasis>
|
||
35–40 Μm long, 50–65 Μm wide, broadly rounded; with 6 setose setae, each 5–10 Μm long.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BB4124EFF84FFA439F9EA71FE42478E" blockId="87.[151,1436,1576,2034]" lastBlockId="88.[151,1436,151,429]" lastPageId="88" lastPageNumber="89" pageId="87" pageNumber="88">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FCE5CFF84FFAB39F9EA71FECC40F0" bold="true" box="[199,347,1901,1926]" pageId="87" pageNumber="88">Venter. Eyes</emphasis>
|
||
absent.
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FCE5CFF84FFAB3886EA71FDBC40F0" bold="true" box="[440,555,1901,1926]" pageId="87" pageNumber="88">Antennae</emphasis>
|
||
8, 9 or 10 segmented, tapering apically; length 250–290 µm, 65–80 µm wide; with 2 short fleshy setae, about 5 µm long, on scape and 1 on segments VIII, IX and X.
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FCE5CFF84FFAB3D50EA8CFB4C40DF" bold="true" box="[1134,1243,1936,1961]" pageId="87" pageNumber="88">Spiracles</emphasis>
|
||
subequal in size, each peritreme 18–20 µm long, 10–15 µm wide, each sclerosis 20–30 µm long; each spiracle with 1 quinquelocular pore anterolaterally, 3 Μm diameter.
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FCE5CFF84FFAB3B05EAC5FDE44084" bold="true" box="[571,627,2009,2034]" pageId="87" pageNumber="88">Legs</emphasis>
|
||
3 segmented lobes, subequal in size; total length of metathoracic leg, 145–175 Μm and 60–75 Μm wide; claw absent; each coxa with 2 short setae about 5 Μm long.
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FCE5CFF8BFFA43D91ED8BFADD47C6" bold="true" box="[1199,1354,151,176]" pageId="88" pageNumber="89">Ventral setae</emphasis>
|
||
setose, each 8–10 Μm long; with 4 pairs between scapes, and abdominal setae arranged as on
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FCE5CFF8BFFA43D53EDA1FA9447A3" box="[1133,1283,188,213]" italics="true" pageId="88" pageNumber="89">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0B69CDFF8BFFA43D53EDA1FB6947A3" box="[1133,1278,188,213]" class="Insecta" family="Kermesidae" genus="Kermes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="88" pageNumber="89" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="echinatus">K. echinatus</taxonomicName>
|
||
.
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FCE5CFF8BFFA43C34EDA0FA0B47A3" bold="true" box="[1290,1436,188,213]" pageId="88" pageNumber="89">Microspines</emphasis>
|
||
arranged as on
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FCE5CFF8BFFA4387FEDFDFE42478E" box="[321,469,223,248]" italics="true" pageId="88" pageNumber="89">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0B69CDFF8BFFA4387FEDFDFE46478E" box="[321,465,223,248]" class="Insecta" family="Kermesidae" genus="Kermes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="88" pageNumber="89" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="echinatus">K. echinatus</taxonomicName>
|
||
.
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BB4124EFF8BFFA439F9EC18FAC346DA" blockId="88.[151,1436,151,429]" pageId="88" pageNumber="89">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FCE5CFF8BFFA439F9EC18FED8466B" bold="true" box="[199,335,260,285]" pageId="88" pageNumber="89">Comments.</emphasis>
|
||
The prepupa of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0B69CDFF8BFFA43B35EC19FD57466B" box="[523,704,260,285]" class="Insecta" family="Kermesidae" genus="Nidularia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="88" pageNumber="89" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="balachowskii">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FCE5CFF8BFFA43B35EC19FD57466B" box="[523,704,260,285]" italics="true" pageId="88" pageNumber="89">N. balachowskii</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
is greyish-brown in life, similar to
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0B69CDFF8BFFA43D6FEC19FB58466B" box="[1105,1231,260,285]" class="Insecta" family="Kermesidae" genus="Kermes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="88" pageNumber="89" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="nahalali">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FCE5CFF8BFFA43D6FEC19FB58466B" box="[1105,1231,260,285]" italics="true" pageId="88" pageNumber="89">K. nahalali</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0B69CDFF8BFFA43C39EC19FA0B466B" box="[1287,1436,260,285]" class="Insecta" family="Kermesidae" genus="Kermes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="88" pageNumber="89" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="spatulatus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FCE5CFF8BFFA43C39EC19FA0B466B" box="[1287,1436,260,285]" italics="true" pageId="88" pageNumber="89">K. spatulatus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
but unlike the other
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F31C52DEFF8BFFA43846EC3BFE294636" box="[376,446,295,320]" name="Israel" pageId="88" pageNumber="89">Israeli</collectingCountry>
|
||
kermesids,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0B69CDFF8BFFA43B7AEC35FD3D4636" box="[580,682,297,320]" class="Insecta" family="Kermesidae" genus="Kermes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="88" pageNumber="89" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="greeni">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FCE5CFF8BFFA43B7AEC35FD3D4636" box="[580,682,297,320]" italics="true" pageId="88" pageNumber="89">K. greeni</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
is orange and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0B69CDFF8BFFA43A73EC35FC4E4636" box="[845,985,295,320]" class="Insecta" family="Kermesidae" genus="Kermes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="88" pageNumber="89" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="echinatus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FCE5CFF8BFFA43A73EC35FC4E4636" box="[845,985,295,320]" italics="true" pageId="88" pageNumber="89">K. echinatus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0B69CDFF8BFFA43D31EC35FB2A4636" box="[1039,1213,295,320]" class="Insecta" family="Kermesidae" genus="Kermes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="88" pageNumber="89" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="hermonensis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FCE5CFF8BFFA43D31EC35FB2A4636" box="[1039,1213,295,320]" italics="true" pageId="88" pageNumber="89">K. hermonensis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
is red. The prepupa of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0B69CDFF8BFFA43989EC51FEFA4613" box="[183,365,332,357]" class="Insecta" family="Kermesidae" genus="Nidularia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="88" pageNumber="89" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="balachowskii">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FCE5CFF8BFFA43989EC51FEFA4613" box="[183,365,332,357]" italics="true" pageId="88" pageNumber="89">N. balachowskii</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
has a single quinquelocular pore anterior to each spiracle, while those of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0B69CDFF8BFFA43D85EC51FADF4613" box="[1211,1352,332,357]" class="Insecta" family="Kermesidae" genus="Kermes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="88" pageNumber="89" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="echinatus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FCE5CFF8BFFA43D85EC51FADF4613" box="[1211,1352,332,357]" italics="true" pageId="88" pageNumber="89">K. echinatus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0B69CDFF8BFFA43CBCEC51FEB346FE" class="Insecta" family="Kermesidae" genus="Kermes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="88" pageNumber="89" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="hermonensis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FCE5CFF8BFFA43CBCEC51FEB346FE" italics="true" pageId="88" pageNumber="89">K. hermonensis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
have two pores. The other
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F31C52DEFF8BFFA43B49EC73FD2A46FE" box="[631,701,367,392]" name="Israel" pageId="88" pageNumber="89">Israeli</collectingCountry>
|
||
kermesids (
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FCE5CFF8BFFA43A6FEC6DFBC346FE" box="[849,1108,367,392]" italics="true" pageId="88" pageNumber="89">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0B69CDFF8BFFA43A6FEC6DFC5746FE" box="[849,960,369,392]" class="Insecta" family="Kermesidae" genus="Kermes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="88" pageNumber="89" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="greeni">K. greeni</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0B69CDFF8BFFA43AEFEC6DFBC346FE" box="[977,1108,367,392]" class="Insecta" family="Kermesidae" genus="Kermes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="88" pageNumber="89" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="nahalali">K. nahalali</taxonomicName>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0B69CDFF8BFFA43DABEC6DFAB846FE" box="[1173,1327,367,392]" class="Insecta" family="Kermesidae" genus="Kermes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="88" pageNumber="89" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="spatulatus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FCE5CFF8BFFA43DABEC6DFAB846FE" box="[1173,1327,367,392]" italics="true" pageId="88" pageNumber="89">K. spatulatus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
) and the Nearctic species
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0B69CDFF8BFFA4386AEC88FD3246DB" authority="Hamon et al., 1976" authorityName="Hamon et al." authorityYear="1976" box="[340,677,404,429]" class="Insecta" family="Kermesidae" genus="Allokermes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="88" pageNumber="89" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="kingii">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FCE5CFF8BFFA4386AEC88FE2346DB" box="[340,436,404,429]" italics="true" pageId="88" pageNumber="89">A. kingii</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF9A6FBFFF8BFFA438FCEC88FD0B46DB" author="Hamon" box="[450,668,404,429]" pageId="88" pageNumber="89" refString="Hamon, A. B., Lambdin, P. L. & Kosztarab, M. (1976) Life history and morphology of Kermes kingii in Virginia (Homoptera: Coccoidea: Kermesidae). Bulletin of the Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University Research Division, 111, 1 - 31." type="journal article" year="1976">
|
||
Hamon
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FCE5CFF8BFFA43B23EC89FDD946DB" box="[541,590,404,429]" italics="true" pageId="88" pageNumber="89">et al</emphasis>
|
||
., 1976
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0B69CDFF8BFFA43BE5EC89FBC946DA" authority="Miller & Miller, 1993" authorityName="Miller & Miller" authorityYear="1993" box="[731,1118,404,429]" class="Insecta" family="Kermesidae" genus="Eriokermes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="88" pageNumber="89" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="gillettei">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FCE5CFF8BFFA43BE5EC89FCD846DB" box="[731,847,404,429]" italics="true" pageId="88" pageNumber="89">E. gillettei</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF9A6FBFFF8BFFA43A60EC88FBC246DA" author="Miller" box="[862,1109,404,429]" pageId="88" pageNumber="89" refString="Miller, D. R. & Miller, G. L. (1993) Description of a new genus of scale insect with a discussion of relationships among families related to the Kermesidae (Homoptera: Coccoidea). Systematic Entomology, 18 (3), 237 - 251. http: // dx. doi. org / 10.1111 / j. 1365 - 3113.1993. tb 00664. x" type="journal article" year="1993">Miller & Miller, 1993</bibRefCitation>
|
||
)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
lack spiracular pores.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<caption id="DF7442C6FF8BFFA439A9EB08FC90415C" box="[151,775,1556,1578]" pageId="88" pageNumber="89">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BB4124EFF8BFFA439A9EB08FC90415C" blockId="88.[151,775,1556,1578]" box="[151,775,1556,1578]" pageId="88" pageNumber="89">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FCE5CFF8BFFA439A9EB08FE88415C" bold="true" box="[151,287,1556,1578]" pageId="88" pageNumber="89">FIGURE 47.</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0B69CDFF8BFFA4381BEB08FD33415C" authority="Bodenheimer" authorityName="Bodenheimer" box="[293,676,1556,1578]" class="Insecta" family="Kermesidae" genus="Nidularia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="88" pageNumber="89" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="balachowskii">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FCE5CFF8BFFA4381BEB08FD84415C" box="[293,531,1556,1578]" italics="true" pageId="88" pageNumber="89">Nidularia balachowskii</emphasis>
|
||
Bodenheimer
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, prepupa.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BB4124EFF8BFFA439F9EB4DFCD541C4" blockId="88.[151,1436,1617,1930]" pageId="88" pageNumber="89">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FCE5CFF8BFFA439F9EB4DFE3A411C" bold="true" box="[199,429,1617,1642]" pageId="88" pageNumber="89">Second-instar male</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<figureCitation id="13300ECBFF8BFFA43882EB4DFD87411C" box="[444,528,1617,1642]" captionStart="FIGURE 48" captionStartId="89.[151,250,1465,1487]" captionText="FIGURE 48. Nidularia balachowskii Bodenheimer, second-instar male." pageId="88" pageNumber="89">Fig. 48</figureCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<figureCitation id="13300ECBFF8BFFA43B22EB4DFDFB411C" box="[540,620,1617,1642]" captionStart="PLATE 6" captionStartId="90.[151,234,1953,1975]" captionTargetBox="[212,1377,199,1912]" captionTargetId="figure@90.[200,1387,193,1932]" captionTargetPageId="90" captionText="PLATE 6. Nidularia balachowskii Bodenheimer, general appearance; a. second-instar female; b. third-instar female; c. young adult female; d. post-reproductive female; e. male test and exuviae (arrow); f. second-instar male; g. prepupa; h. pupa; i. adult male, dorsal view, j. adult male, ventral view." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/285779/files/figure.png" pageId="88" pageNumber="89">Plate 6</figureCitation>
|
||
, fig. f).
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FCE5CFF8BFFA43BF6EB4DFC2D411C" bold="true" box="[712,954,1617,1642]" pageId="88" pageNumber="89">General appearance</emphasis>
|
||
. Secretes a white, wooly wax test, 1.0–
|
||
<quantity id="4CF3BFABFF8BFFA43C44EB4DFF5441FB" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.5" pageId="88" pageNumber="89" unit="mm" value="1.5">1.5 mm</quantity>
|
||
long,
|
||
<quantity id="4CF3BFABFF8BFFA43836EB6AFE1941FB" box="[264,398,1654,1678]" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="6" metricValueMax="8.0" metricValueMin="4.0" pageId="88" pageNumber="89" unit="mm" value="0.6" valueMax="0.8" valueMin="0.4">0.4–0.8 mm</quantity>
|
||
wide; body yellow-brownish, broadly oval when removed from test,
|
||
<quantity id="4CF3BFABFF8BFFA43DAFEB69FAB141FB" box="[1169,1318,1653,1678]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.075" metricValueMax="1.45" metricValueMin="0.7" pageId="88" pageNumber="89" unit="mm" value="1.075" valueMax="1.45" valueMin="0.7">0.7–1.45 mm</quantity>
|
||
long,
|
||
<quantity id="4CF3BFABFF8BFFA43C55EB6AFF7A41C7" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="6" metricValueMax="8.0" metricValueMin="4.0" pageId="88" pageNumber="89" unit="mm" value="0.6" valueMax="0.8" valueMin="0.4">0.4– 0.8 mm</quantity>
|
||
wide; derm membranous, with inter-segmental lines.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BB4124EFF8BFFA439F9EBA1FC4541A0" blockId="88.[151,1436,1617,1930]" box="[199,978,1725,1750]" pageId="88" pageNumber="89">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FCE5CFF8BFFA439F9EBA1FE2741A0" bold="true" box="[199,432,1725,1750]" pageId="88" pageNumber="89">Mounted specimen.</emphasis>
|
||
Body oval,
|
||
<quantity id="4CF3BFABFF8BFFA43B07EBA2FD5741A3" box="[569,704,1726,1750]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.25" metricValueMax="1.8" metricValueMin="0.7" pageId="88" pageNumber="89" unit="mm" value="1.25" valueMax="1.8" valueMin="0.7">0.7–1.8 mm</quantity>
|
||
long,
|
||
<quantity id="4CF3BFABFF8BFFA43A38EBA2FC1A41A3" box="[774,909,1726,1750]" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="6.0" metricValueMax="9.0" metricValueMin="3.0" pageId="88" pageNumber="89" unit="mm" value="0.6" valueMax="0.9" valueMin="0.3">0.3–0.9 mm</quantity>
|
||
wide.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BB4124EFF8BFFA439F9EBFDFA0F418C" blockId="88.[151,1436,1617,1930]" box="[199,1432,1761,1786]" pageId="88" pageNumber="89">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FCE5CFF8BFFA439F9EBFDFE76418C" bold="true" box="[199,481,1761,1786]" pageId="88" pageNumber="89">Margin. Marginal setae</emphasis>
|
||
robust and setose, each 18 µm long, in a complete single row of 26–30 on each side.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BB4124EFF8BFFA439F9EA19FBD640FF" blockId="88.[151,1436,1617,1930]" pageId="88" pageNumber="89">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FCE5CFF8BFFA439F9EA19FD894068" bold="true" box="[199,542,1797,1822]" pageId="88" pageNumber="89">Dorsum. Microtubular ducts</emphasis>
|
||
with a circular opening about 2 Μm diameter, inner ductule about 1 Μm long and outer ductule 0.5 Μm long; numerous, scattered over entire dorsum.
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FCE5CFF8BFFA43A8DEA35FBC94034" bold="true" box="[947,1118,1833,1858]" pageId="88" pageNumber="89">Tubular ducts</emphasis>
|
||
of
|
||
<typeStatus id="54B0ACECFF8BFFA43DB4EA36FB554034" box="[1162,1218,1834,1858]" pageId="88" pageNumber="89">Type</typeStatus>
|
||
2 only, with inner ductule 10–15 µm long, cup 5 µm wide and outer ductule 9–12 µm long, abundant throughout dorsum.
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FCE5CFF8BFFA43C62EA51FA0B4010" bold="true" box="[1372,1436,1869,1894]" pageId="88" pageNumber="89">Setae</emphasis>
|
||
setose, each 10–15 µm long, in submedial longitudinal rows, each row with 5 setae.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<caption id="DF7442C6FF8AFFA539A9E8A5FCE342B9" box="[151,884,1465,1487]" pageId="89" pageNumber="90">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BB4124EFF8AFFA539A9E8A5FCE342B9" blockId="89.[151,884,1465,1487]" box="[151,884,1465,1487]" pageId="89" pageNumber="90">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FCE5CFF8AFFA539A9E8A5FE8842B9" bold="true" box="[151,287,1465,1487]" pageId="89" pageNumber="90">FIGURE 48.</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0B69CDFF8AFFA5381BE8A5FD3342B9" authority="Bodenheimer" authorityName="Bodenheimer" box="[293,676,1465,1487]" class="Insecta" family="Kermesidae" genus="Nidularia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="89" pageNumber="90" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="balachowskii">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FCE5CFF8AFFA5381BE8A5FD8442B9" box="[293,531,1465,1487]" italics="true" pageId="89" pageNumber="90">Nidularia balachowskii</emphasis>
|
||
Bodenheimer
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, second-instar male.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BB4124EFF8AFFA039F9E8E0FEC94682" blockId="89.[151,1436,1532,2025]" lastBlockId="92.[151,1436,151,824]" lastPageId="92" lastPageNumber="93" pageId="89" pageNumber="90">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FCE5CFF8AFFA539F9E8E0FECE4163" bold="true" box="[199,345,1532,1557]" pageId="89" pageNumber="90">Venter. Eyes</emphasis>
|
||
circular, each 10 µm diameter, lateral to each scape.
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FCE5CFF8AFFA53A98E8E0FB8E4163" bold="true" box="[934,1049,1532,1557]" pageId="89" pageNumber="90">Antennae</emphasis>
|
||
7 segmented, length 100–125 µm; segments III and VII longest; scape and pedicel each with 2 setose setae; segment III without setae; IV with 1 fleshy seta; V with 1 fleshy seta and 1 setose seta, VI with 1 fleshy seta and 1 setose seta, and apical segment with 4 fleshy setae and 3 setose setae.
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FCE5CFF8AFFA53B77EB7BFD7841F6" bold="true" box="[585,751,1639,1664]" pageId="89" pageNumber="90">Frontal lobes</emphasis>
|
||
absent.
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FCE5CFF8AFFA53A62EB7BFC0341F6" bold="true" box="[860,916,1639,1664]" pageId="89" pageNumber="90">Legs</emphasis>
|
||
well-developed; measurements (in Μm) of metathoracic legs: coxa 35–50; trochanter + femur 100–105; tibia 40–50; tarsus 75–80 and claw 20–25; total length 250–275 Μm; trochanter with 2 oval sensory pores on each side; tarsal digitules 25–30 Μm long, knobbed apically; claw digitules knobbed apically, each 20–25 Μm long; each claw with a single denticle.
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FCE5CFF8AFFA53DAEEBC8FA99419B" bold="true" box="[1168,1294,1748,1773]" pageId="89" pageNumber="90">Tentorium</emphasis>
|
||
90–100 µm long, 75–90 µm wide.
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FCE5CFF8AFFA538ACEBEBFE664066" bold="true" box="[402,497,1783,1808]" pageId="89" pageNumber="90">Labium</emphasis>
|
||
3 segmented, triangular, 80–100 µm long, 45–50 µm wide; labial setae setose: basal segment with 2 pairs about 10 µm long, median segment with 1 pair 10 µm long and apical segment 4 pairs 15 µm long.
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FCE5CFF8AFFA539E8EA23FED4402E" bold="true" box="[214,323,1855,1880]" pageId="89" pageNumber="90">Spiracles</emphasis>
|
||
subequal in size, each peritreme 10–13 Μm wide, each sclerosis 25–30 µm long; each spiracle with 3 quinquelocular pores anterolaterally, each 5 µm diameter.
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FCE5CFF8AFFA53A05EA78FC73400B" bold="true" box="[827,996,1892,1917]" pageId="89" pageNumber="90">Tubular ducts</emphasis>
|
||
of
|
||
<typeStatus id="54B0ACECFF8AFFA53D34EA79FBD5400B" box="[1034,1090,1893,1917]" pageId="89" pageNumber="90">Type</typeStatus>
|
||
2 only, with inner ductule 10– 15 µm long, inner cup 5 µm wide and outer ductule 9–12 µm long, in a complete submarginal band 1 or 2 ducts wide.
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FCE5CFF8AFFA539E1EAB0FE0D40B3" bold="true" box="[223,410,1964,1989]" pageId="89" pageNumber="90">Bilocular pores</emphasis>
|
||
circular, each 2 µm diameter, with 10–14 pores in a single complete submarginal line.
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FCE5CFF8AFFA539A9EAD3FE35409E" bold="true" box="[151,418,1999,2024]" pageId="89" pageNumber="90">Quinquelocular pores</emphasis>
|
||
, each 3 µm wide, with 2 pairs between scapes; 1 pore medial to each coxa; also submedially on abdominal segments II–VII; and with 10–12 pores in a single complete submarginal line.
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FCE5CFF8FFFA03C7DED8BFF4547A3" bold="true" pageId="92" pageNumber="93">Ventral setae</emphasis>
|
||
of three
|
||
<typeStatus id="54B0ACECFF8FFFA0380BEDA1FEE347A3" box="[309,372,189,213]" pageId="92" pageNumber="93">types</typeStatus>
|
||
: (i) robust setose setae: with a pair similar to marginal setae on anterior margin between scapes, each about 14 µm long; (ii) setose setae: with 3 pairs medially just anterior to tentorium, each about 30 µm long; 3 mesad to each coxa, each 25–35 µm long; abdominal segments II–VII with medial rows, each about 15 µm long, and submedial rows, each about 10 µm long. Also with 2 pairs anterior to anal ring, each 10–20 µm long, and 2 pairs posterior to anal ring, one pair 8–10 µm long and other pair long and flagellate, each 80–85 µm long; (iii) tack-like setae in a submarginal row on abdominal segments II–VII, each 5 µm long.
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FCE5CFF8FFFA03D54EC73FA9546FE" bold="true" box="[1130,1282,367,392]" pageId="92" pageNumber="93">Microspines,</emphasis>
|
||
each about 3 µm long, in groups of
|
||
<quantity id="4CF3BFABFF8FFFA038A8EC88FE4A46DB" box="[406,477,404,429]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.016" metricValueMax="1.27" metricValueMin="0.762" pageId="92" pageNumber="93" unit="in" value="4.0" valueMax="5.0" valueMin="3.0">3–5 in</quantity>
|
||
6 or 7 transverse rows on each abdominal segment and on scattered on thorax.
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FCE5CFF8FFFA03C5CEC88FF5E46A6" bold="true" pageId="92" pageNumber="93">Anal ring</emphasis>
|
||
ventral; diameter 25–30 µm, composed of 2 semi-circles, each half with 3 spinose setae, each 28–33 µm long, plus 10–16 pores.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<caption id="DF7442C6FF89FFA639A9EABDFDF34082" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/285779/files/figure.png" pageId="90" pageNumber="91" targetBox="[212,1377,199,1912]" targetPageId="90">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BB4124EFF89FFA639A9EABDFDF34082" blockId="90.[151,1436,1953,2036]" pageId="90" pageNumber="91">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FCE5CFF89FFA639A9EABDFE9440C1" bold="true" box="[151,259,1953,1975]" pageId="90" pageNumber="91">PLATE 6.</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0B69CDFF89FFA63834EABDFD1E40C1" authority="Bodenheimer" authorityName="Bodenheimer" box="[266,649,1953,1975]" class="Insecta" family="Kermesidae" genus="Nidularia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="90" pageNumber="91" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="balachowskii">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FCE5CFF89FFA63834EABDFE6F40C1" box="[266,504,1953,1975]" italics="true" pageId="90" pageNumber="91">Nidularia balachowskii</emphasis>
|
||
Bodenheimer
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, general appearance;
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FCE5CFF89FFA63A5BEABDFCEF40C1" bold="true" box="[869,888,1953,1975]" pageId="90" pageNumber="91">a.</emphasis>
|
||
second-instar female;
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FCE5CFF89FFA63D61EABDFBE440C1" bold="true" box="[1119,1139,1953,1975]" pageId="90" pageNumber="91">b.</emphasis>
|
||
third-instar female;
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FCE5CFF89FFA63C7AEABDFAC140C1" bold="true" box="[1348,1366,1953,1975]" pageId="90" pageNumber="91">c.</emphasis>
|
||
young adult female;
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FCE5CFF89FFA6381DEADCFEA040A0" bold="true" box="[291,311,1984,2006]" pageId="90" pageNumber="91">d.</emphasis>
|
||
post-reproductive female;
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FCE5CFF89FFA63B74EADCFDCB40A0" bold="true" box="[586,604,1984,2006]" pageId="90" pageNumber="91">e.</emphasis>
|
||
male test and exuviae (arrow);
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FCE5CFF89FFA63AA1EADCFC3940A0" bold="true" box="[927,942,1984,2006]" pageId="90" pageNumber="91">f.</emphasis>
|
||
second-instar male;
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FCE5CFF89FFA63DBCEADCFB0340A0" bold="true" box="[1154,1172,1984,2006]" pageId="90" pageNumber="91">g.</emphasis>
|
||
prepupa;
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FCE5CFF89FFA63DC5EADCFA9840A0" bold="true" box="[1275,1295,1984,2006]" pageId="90" pageNumber="91">h.</emphasis>
|
||
pupa;
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FCE5CFF89FFA63C6BEADCFAF440A0" bold="true" box="[1365,1379,1984,2006]" pageId="90" pageNumber="91">i.</emphasis>
|
||
adult male, dorsal view,
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FCE5CFF89FFA6386BEAC2FEF34082" bold="true" box="[341,356,2014,2036]" pageId="90" pageNumber="91">j.</emphasis>
|
||
adult male, ventral view.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<caption id="DF7442C6FF88FFA739A9EA29FE4740BA" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/285780/files/figure.png" pageId="91" pageNumber="92" targetBox="[193,1326,205,1823]" targetPageId="91">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BB4124EFF88FFA739A9EA29FE4740BA" blockId="91.[151,1436,1844,1996]" pageId="91" pageNumber="92">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FCE5CFF88FFA739A9EA29FE99403A" bold="true" box="[151,270,1845,1868]" pageId="91" pageNumber="92">PLATE 7.</emphasis>
|
||
Some Palaearctic
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0B69CDFF88FFA738D8EA29FDFF403A" box="[486,616,1845,1868]" class="Insecta" family="Kermesidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="91" pageNumber="92" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="family">Kermesidae</taxonomicName>
|
||
, general appearance of post-reproductive female;
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FCE5CFF88FFA73DA1EA29FB24403A" bold="true" box="[1183,1203,1845,1868]" pageId="91" pageNumber="92">a.</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0B69CDFF88FFA73DFEEA29FA0B403A" box="[1216,1436,1844,1868]" class="Insecta" family="Kermesidae" genus="Kermes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="91" pageNumber="92" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="bacciformis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FCE5CFF88FFA73DFEEA29FA0B403A" box="[1216,1436,1844,1868]" italics="true" pageId="91" pageNumber="92">Kermes bacciformis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(MNHN 10646; France: Bouches-du-Rhône, Marseille,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0B69CDFF88FFA73BC0EA49FCC0401A" box="[766,855,1877,1900]" class="Insecta" family="Kermesidae" genus="Kermes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="91" pageNumber="99" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="quercus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FCE5CFF88FFA73BC0EA49FCC0401A" box="[766,855,1877,1900]" italics="true" pageId="91" pageNumber="92">Quercus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
sp., x.1950, coll. P. Vayssière);
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FCE5CFF88FFA73DFFEA49FB41401A" bold="true" box="[1217,1238,1877,1900]" pageId="91" pageNumber="92">b.</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0B69CDFF88FFA73DDFEA49FAAF401A" box="[1249,1336,1876,1900]" class="Insecta" family="Kermesidae" genus="Kermes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="91" pageNumber="92" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="ilicis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FCE5CFF88FFA73DDFEA49FAAF401A" box="[1249,1336,1876,1900]" italics="true" pageId="91" pageNumber="92">K. ilicis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(MNHN 7413; France: Vaucluse, Sérignan,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0B69CDFF88FFA73B32EA69FDF240FA" box="[524,613,1909,1932]" class="Insecta" family="Kermesidae" genus="Kermes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="91" pageNumber="99" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="quercus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FCE5CFF88FFA73B32EA69FDF240FA" box="[524,613,1909,1932]" italics="true" pageId="91" pageNumber="92">Quercus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
sp., 18.vi.1978, coll. P. Teocchi & D. Matile-Ferrero);
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FCE5CFF88FFA73D8BEA69FB5040FA" bold="true" box="[1205,1223,1909,1932]" pageId="91" pageNumber="92">c.</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0B69CDFF88FFA73DF1EA69FAAC40FA" box="[1231,1339,1908,1932]" class="Insecta" family="Kermesidae" genus="Kermes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="91" pageNumber="92" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="roboris">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FCE5CFF88FFA73DF1EA69FAAC40FA" box="[1231,1339,1908,1932]" italics="true" pageId="91" pageNumber="92">K. roboris</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(BMNH 180; Germany,
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FCE5CFF88FFA73878EA89FE4540DA" box="[326,466,1940,1964]" italics="true" pageId="91" pageNumber="92">Q. sessiflora</emphasis>
|
||
, 1914, coll. E.E. Green);
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FCE5CFF88FFA73BC0EA89FC8340DA" bold="true" box="[766,788,1941,1964]" pageId="91" pageNumber="92">d.</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0B69CDFF88FFA73A1EEA89FC0A40DA" box="[800,925,1940,1964]" class="Insecta" family="Kermesidae" genus="Kermes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="91" pageNumber="92" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="vermilio">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FCE5CFF88FFA73A1EEA89FC0A40DA" box="[800,925,1940,1964]" italics="true" pageId="91" pageNumber="92">K. vermilio</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(ICVI C:5132; Italy: Bitonto (Bari),
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FCE5CFF88FFA73C77EA89FA0240DA" box="[1353,1429,1940,1964]" italics="true" pageId="91" pageNumber="92">Q. ilex</emphasis>
|
||
, 25.vii.2012, coll. F. Porcelli).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BB4124EFF8FFFA039F9ECE3FB72444E" blockId="92.[151,1436,151,824]" pageId="92" pageNumber="93">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FCE5CFF8FFFA039F9ECE3FED8456E" bold="true" box="[199,335,511,536]" pageId="92" pageNumber="93">Comments.</emphasis>
|
||
The second-instar males of the other two
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0B69CDFF8FFFA03A0BECE3FC35456E" box="[821,930,511,536]" class="Insecta" family="Kermesidae" genus="Nidularia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="92" pageNumber="93" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FCE5CFF8FFFA03A0BECE3FC35456E" box="[821,930,511,536]" italics="true" pageId="92" pageNumber="93">Nidularia</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
species,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0B69CDFF8FFFA03D32EF1DFB07456E" box="[1036,1168,513,536]" class="Insecta" family="Kermesidae" genus="Nidularia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="92" pageNumber="93" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="japonica">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FCE5CFF8FFFA03D32EF1DFB07456E" box="[1036,1168,513,536]" italics="true" pageId="92" pageNumber="93">N. japonica</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0B69CDFF8FFFA03DF5EF1DFAC0456E" box="[1227,1367,511,536]" class="Insecta" family="Kermesidae" genus="Nidularia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="92" pageNumber="93" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="pulvinata">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FCE5CFF8FFFA03DF5EF1DFAC0456E" box="[1227,1367,511,536]" italics="true" pageId="92" pageNumber="93">N. pulvinata</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, have not been described.
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0B69CDFF8FFFA03840EF38FD1E454B" box="[382,649,548,573]" class="Insecta" family="Kermesidae" genus="Nidularia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="92" pageNumber="93" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="balachowskii">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FCE5CFF8FFFA03840EF38FD1E454B" box="[382,649,548,573]" italics="true" pageId="92" pageNumber="93">Nidularia balachowskii</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
lacks the anal lobes found on
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0B69CDFF8FFFA03AD1EF39FBCE454A" box="[1007,1113,549,572]" class="Insecta" family="Kermesidae" genus="Kermes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="92" pageNumber="93" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="greeni">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FCE5CFF8FFFA03AD1EF39FBCE454A" box="[1007,1113,549,572]" italics="true" pageId="92" pageNumber="93">K. greeni</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0B69CDFF8FFFA03DAAEF39FA82454B" box="[1172,1301,548,573]" class="Insecta" family="Kermesidae" genus="Kermes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="92" pageNumber="93" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="nahalali">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FCE5CFF8FFFA03DAAEF39FA82454B" box="[1172,1301,548,573]" italics="true" pageId="92" pageNumber="93">K. nahalali</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and has no frontal lobes, as found in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0B69CDFF8FFFA03882EF55FD134516" box="[444,644,583,608]" class="Insecta" family="Kermesidae" genus="Kermes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="92" pageNumber="93" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="echinatus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FCE5CFF8FFFA03882EF55FD134516" box="[444,644,583,608]" italics="true" pageId="92" pageNumber="93">Kermes echinatus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0B69CDFF8FFFA03BAAEF55FCD44516" box="[660,835,583,608]" class="Insecta" family="Kermesidae" genus="Kermes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="92" pageNumber="93" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="hermonensis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FCE5CFF8FFFA03BAAEF55FCD44516" box="[660,835,583,608]" italics="true" pageId="92" pageNumber="93">K. hermonensis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0B69CDFF8FFFA03A43EF55FA9A4516" authority="Pellizzari et al., 2012" authorityName="Pellizzari et al." authorityYear="2012" box="[893,1293,583,608]" class="Insecta" family="Kermesidae" genus="Kermes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="92" pageNumber="93" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="vermilio">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FCE5CFF8FFFA03A43EF55FC6B4516" box="[893,1020,583,608]" italics="true" pageId="92" pageNumber="93">K. vermilio</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF9A6FBFFF8FFFA03D32EF5BFA924516" author="Pellizzari" box="[1036,1285,583,608]" pageId="92" pageNumber="93" refString="Pellizzari, G., Porcelli, F., Convertini, S. & Marotta, S. (2012) Description of nymphal instars and adult female of Kermes vermilio Planchon (Hemiptera, Coccoidea, Kermesidae), with a synopsis of the European and Mediterranean species. Zootaxa, 3336, 36 - 50." type="journal article" year="2012">
|
||
Pellizzari
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FCE5CFF8FFFA03DBEEF55FB254516" box="[1152,1202,583,608]" italics="true" pageId="92" pageNumber="93">et al</emphasis>
|
||
., 2012
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. In addition, what distinguishes
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0B69CDFF8FFFA03848EF71FDB845F3" box="[374,559,620,645]" class="Insecta" family="Kermesidae" genus="Nidularia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="92" pageNumber="93" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="balachowskii">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FCE5CFF8FFFA03848EF71FDB845F3" box="[374,559,620,645]" italics="true" pageId="92" pageNumber="93">N. balachowskii</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
from other
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F31C52DEFF8FFFA03BFEEF70FC9145F3" box="[704,774,620,645]" name="Israel" pageId="92" pageNumber="93">Israeli</collectingCountry>
|
||
kermesids is the presence of three quinquelocular pores associated with each spiracle. All the other species have more or fewer than three pores:
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0B69CDFF8FFFA03D45EF8DFA9045DE" box="[1147,1287,655,680]" class="Insecta" family="Kermesidae" genus="Kermes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="92" pageNumber="93" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="echinatus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FCE5CFF8FFFA03D45EF8DFA9045DE" box="[1147,1287,655,680]" italics="true" pageId="92" pageNumber="93">K. echinatus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(4)
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0B69CDFF8FFFA03C0BEF8DFA0B45DE" box="[1333,1436,657,680]" class="Insecta" family="Kermesidae" genus="Kermes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="92" pageNumber="93" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="greeni">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FCE5CFF8FFFA03C0BEF8DFA0B45DE" box="[1333,1436,657,680]" italics="true" pageId="92" pageNumber="93">K. greeni</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(five),
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0B69CDFF8FFFA039DAEFA9FE0545BB" box="[228,402,692,717]" class="Insecta" family="Kermesidae" genus="Kermes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="92" pageNumber="93" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="hermonensis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FCE5CFF8FFFA039DAEFA9FE0545BB" box="[228,402,692,717]" italics="true" pageId="92" pageNumber="93">K. hermonensis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(eight),
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0B69CDFF8FFFA038CAEFA9FDE545BB" box="[500,626,692,717]" class="Insecta" family="Kermesidae" genus="Kermes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="92" pageNumber="93" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="nahalali">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FCE5CFF8FFFA038CAEFA9FDE545BB" box="[500,626,692,717]" italics="true" pageId="92" pageNumber="93">K. nahalali</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(eight),
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0B69CDFF8FFFA03BEAEFA9FCDB45BA" box="[724,844,693,716]" class="Insecta" family="Kermesidae" genus="Kermes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="92" pageNumber="93" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="quercus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FCE5CFF8FFFA03BEAEFA9FCDB45BA" box="[724,844,693,716]" italics="true" pageId="92" pageNumber="93">K. quercus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(4–9) (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF9A6FBFFF8FFFA03A9FEFA8FBCB45BA" author="Podsiadlo" box="[929,1116,692,717]" pageId="92" pageNumber="93" refString="Podsiadlo, E. (2012) Morphology of second instar nymphs of Kermes quercus (Linnaeus) (Hemiptera: Kermesidae). Polskie Pismo Entomologiczne, 81, 35 - 42. http: // dx. doi. org / 10.2478 / v 10200 - 011 - 0061 - 9" type="journal article" year="2012">Podsiadlo, 2012</bibRefCitation>
|
||
),
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0B69CDFF8FFFA03D4EEFA9FA9345BB" box="[1136,1284,692,717]" class="Insecta" family="Kermesidae" genus="Kermes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="92" pageNumber="93" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="spatulatus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FCE5CFF8FFFA03D4EEFA9FA9345BB" box="[1136,1284,692,717]" italics="true" pageId="92" pageNumber="93">K. spatulatus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(five) and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0B69CDFF8FFFA03CBCEFA9FF634586" class="Insecta" family="Kermesidae" genus="Kermes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="92" pageNumber="93" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="vermilio">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FCE5CFF8FFFA03CBCEFA9FF634586" italics="true" pageId="92" pageNumber="93">K. vermilio</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(two) (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF9A6FBFFF8FFFA03874EFCBFDD24586" author="Pellizzari" box="[330,581,727,752]" pageId="92" pageNumber="93" refString="Pellizzari, G., Porcelli, F., Convertini, S. & Marotta, S. (2012) Description of nymphal instars and adult female of Kermes vermilio Planchon (Hemiptera, Coccoidea, Kermesidae), with a synopsis of the European and Mediterranean species. Zootaxa, 3336, 36 - 50." type="journal article" year="2012">
|
||
Pellizzari
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FCE5CFF8FFFA03880EFC5FE654586" box="[446,498,727,752]" italics="true" pageId="92" pageNumber="93">et al</emphasis>
|
||
., 2012
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
). The Nearctic second-instar males of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0B69CDFF8FFFA03AC0EFC5FB194586" box="[1022,1166,727,752]" class="Insecta" family="Kermesidae" genus="Kermes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="92" pageNumber="93" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="cockerelli">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FCE5CFF8FFFA03AC0EFC5FB194586" box="[1022,1166,727,752]" italics="true" pageId="92" pageNumber="93">K. cockerelli</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0B69CDFF8FFFA03DA0EFC5FADF4586" box="[1182,1352,727,752]" class="Insecta" family="Kermesidae" genus="Kermes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="92" pageNumber="93" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="concinnulus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FCE5CFF8FFFA03DA0EFC5FADF4586" box="[1182,1352,727,752]" italics="true" pageId="92" pageNumber="93">K. concinnulus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0B69CDFF8FFFA03CBCEFC5FF6E4462" class="Insecta" family="Kermesidae" genus="Kermes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="92" pageNumber="93" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="rimarum">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FCE5CFF8FFFA03CBCEFC5FF6E4462" italics="true" pageId="92" pageNumber="93">K. rimarum</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
differ in having long, setose marginal setae and, unlike
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0B69CDFF8FFFA03A41EFE1FBA24463" box="[895,1077,764,789]" class="Insecta" family="Kermesidae" genus="Nidularia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="92" pageNumber="93" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="balachowskii">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FCE5CFF8FFFA03A41EFE1FBA24463" box="[895,1077,764,789]" italics="true" pageId="92" pageNumber="93">N. balachowskii</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
which only has quinquelocular pores on the venter, have them scattered on both the dorsum and venter (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF9A6FBFFF8FFFA03AFDEE3CFB4F444E" author="Baer" box="[963,1240,799,824]" pageId="92" pageNumber="93" refString="Baer, R. G. & Kosztarab, M. (1985) Studies on the morphology and systematics of scale insects-No. 12. II. A morphological and systematic study of the first and second instars of the family Kermesidae in the Nearctic region (Homoptera: Coccoidea). Bulletin of the Virginia Polytechnic Institute and University Research Division, 85, 119 - 261." type="journal article" year="1985">Baer & Kosztarab, 1985</bibRefCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |