110 lines
14 KiB
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110 lines
14 KiB
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<mods:title id="321933340BDA501AF81235F07B7E7235">Remarkable Diversity Of Beetles (Coleoptera) In The Late Triassic (Norian) “ Solite Deposit ” Of Virginia And North Carolina</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="505EDBC21F0DB141A677CAC29315E4EF">Criscione-Vastano, Julia</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="B83EEF56D9C33A1A70CDAC5619A54D69">Grimaldi, David A.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:date id="BAADA48ADC5FD532D1C5793A097B5031">2024</mods:date>
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<mods:number id="63B046DAE64C632A7D820FCEC7BCD22C">467</mods:number>
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<mods:url id="60515E9669899983F7ED9EDEB59660F8">https://bioone.org/journals/bulletin-of-the-american-museum-of-natural-history/volume-2024/issue-467/0003-0090.467.1.1/Remarkable-Diversity-of-Beetles-Coleoptera-in-the-Late-Triassic-Norian/10.1206/0003-0090.467.1.1.full</mods:url>
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<subSubSection id="C32B15B7FF8BFFFC8562F439A547BE33" box="[112,631,1315,1339]" pageId="17" pageNumber="17" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="8B8E463CFF8BFFFC8562F439A547BE33" blockId="17.[112,631,1315,1339]" box="[112,631,1315,1339]" pageId="17" pageNumber="17">
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<heading id="D0C6F150FF8BFFFC8562F439A547BE33" box="[112,631,1315,1339]" centered="true" fontSize="9" level="2" pageId="17" pageNumber="17" reason="6">
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<taxonomicName id="4C313DBFFF8BFFFC8562F439A547BE33" authority="Chatzimanolis et al., 2012" authorityName="Chatzimanolis" authorityYear="2012" box="[112,631,1315,1339]" class="Insecta" family="Staphylinidae" genus="Leehermania" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="17" pageNumber="17" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="prorova">
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<emphasis id="B9459A2EFF8BFFFC8562F439A665BE33" box="[112,341,1315,1339]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="17">Leehermania prorova</emphasis>
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<bibRefCitation id="EFA03BCDFF8BFFFC844FF439A547BE33" author="Chatzimanolis, S. & D. A. Grimaldi & M. S. Engel & N. C. Fraser" box="[349,631,1315,1339]" pageId="17" pageNumber="17" pagination="1 - 28" refId="ref37460" refString="Chatzimanolis, S., D. A. Grimaldi, M. S. Engel, and N. C. Fraser. 2012. Leehermania prorova, the earliest staphyliniform beetle, from the Late Triassic of Virginia (Coleoptera: Staphylinidae). American Museum Novitates 3761: 1 - 28." type="journal article" year="2012">Chatzimanolis et al., 2012</bibRefCitation>
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</taxonomicName>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C32B15B7FF8BFFFC843BF44EA6FEBDCF" pageId="17" pageNumber="17" type="description">
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<paragraph id="8B8E463CFF8BFFFC843BF44EA68FBE65" blockId="17.[297,447,1364,1389]" box="[297,447,1364,1389]" pageId="17" pageNumber="17">
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<heading id="D0C6F150FF8BFFFC843BF44EA68FBE65" box="[297,447,1364,1389]" centered="true" fontSize="9" level="2" pageId="17" pageNumber="17" reason="2">
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<figureCitation id="130A5AB9FF8BFFFC843BF44EA68FBE65" box="[297,447,1364,1389]" captionStart="FIG" captionStartId="57.[108,150,1671,1692]" captionTargetBox="[108,1212,224,1645]" captionTargetId="figure-11@57.[108,1212,221,1646]" captionTargetPageId="57" captionText="FIG. 19. Leehermania prorova. A, B. VMNH 49570 (holotype, formerly published as VMNH 734, Chatzimanolis et al., 2012). C. VMNH 50174. D. VMNH 50277. E. VMNH 50064. F. YPM IP 036452, staphylinid possibly belonging to L. prorova. Scale bars: 0.5 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.12171748" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/12171748/files/figure.png" pageId="17" pageNumber="17">Figure 19A–F</figureCitation>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8B8E463CFF8BFFFC859EF49CA6FEBDCF" blockId="17.[108,636,1414,1735]" pageId="17" pageNumber="17">
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DESCRIPTION: Small beetle (
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<quantity id="4CC9EBD9FF8BFFFC84D3F49CA527BE96" box="[449,535,1414,1438]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.8" pageId="17" pageNumber="17" unit="mm" value="2.8">2.8 mm</quantity>
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long,
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<quantity id="4CC9EBD9FF8BFFFC874EF49CA7A9BEB7" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="8.0" pageId="17" pageNumber="17" unit="mm" value="0.8">0.8 mm</quantity>
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wide, excluding terminalia) preserved in dorsal view; preservation excellent; part and counterpart. Head with eyes, mouthparts, and one antenna, pronotum, scutellum, elytra, and abdomen with terminalia preserved. Body elongate, covered in dense microsetae. Elytra rectangular, truncated, abdomen extending well beyond elytral apices. See
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<bibRefCitation id="EFA03BCDFF8BFFFC8423F794A566BDAF" author="Chatzimanolis, S. & D. A. Grimaldi & M. S. Engel & N. C. Fraser" box="[305,598,1678,1703]" pageId="17" pageNumber="17" pagination="1 - 28" refId="ref37460" refString="Chatzimanolis, S., D. A. Grimaldi, M. S. Engel, and N. C. Fraser. 2012. Leehermania prorova, the earliest staphyliniform beetle, from the Late Triassic of Virginia (Coleoptera: Staphylinidae). American Museum Novitates 3761: 1 - 28." type="journal article" year="2012">Chatzimanolis et al. (2012)</bibRefCitation>
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for a full description of this species.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C32B15B7FF8BFFFC87DEF1F8A4BEB96D" pageId="17" pageNumber="17" type="materials_examined">
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<paragraph id="8B8E463CFF8BFFFC87DEF1F8A4BEB96D" blockId="17.[684,1213,226,1109]" pageId="17" pageNumber="17">
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MATERIAL: Illustration and description based on the
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<typeStatus id="548AF89EFF8BFFFC87EFF019A46CBA13" box="[765,860,259,283]" pageId="17" pageNumber="17" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
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specimen,
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<collectionCode id="ED20DEF9FF8BFFFC86CEF019A300BA12" box="[988,1072,259,282]" country="USA" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/zxpe-c0as" name="Virginia Museum of Natural History" pageId="17" pageNumber="17">VMNH</collectionCode>
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49570. Fifty additional specimens are known:
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<collectionCode id="ED20DEF9FF8BFFFC810BF03EA35DBA33" box="[1049,1133,292,315]" country="USA" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/zxpe-c0as" name="Virginia Museum of Natural History" pageId="17" pageNumber="17">VMNH</collectionCode>
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49628, 49629, 50055, 50064, 50099, 50109, 50129, 50174, 50251, 50277, 51436, 51670, 51899, 53953, 54172, 54211, 90263, 90351, 91722, 93581, 93648, 94304, 94434, 94435, 94705, 94871, 94943, 94997, 95052, 95632, 95936, 96371, 96417, 96550, 96857, 97672, 97930, 98140, 98699,
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<collectionCode id="ED20DEF9FF8BFFFC865EF316A4B5B92B" box="[844,901,524,547]" country="USA" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34880" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34880" name="Peabody Museum of Natural History" pageId="17" pageNumber="17" type="Museum">YPM</collectionCode>
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IP 001147, 003131, 003146, 034677, 034689, 036447, 388866, 388885, 388907, 388914, and 527944.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C32B15B7FF8BFFFC87DEF375A4D1BF5D" pageId="17" pageNumber="17" type="discussion">
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<paragraph id="8B8E463CFF8BFFFC87DEF375A4D1BF5D" blockId="17.[684,1213,226,1109]" pageId="17" pageNumber="17">
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COMMENTS: There are 51 known specimens of
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<taxonomicName id="4C313DBFFF8BFFFC87BEF38AA407B9A0" box="[684,823,656,680]" class="Insecta" family="Staphylinidae" genus="Leehermania" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="17" pageNumber="17" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="B9459A2EFF8BFFFC87BEF38AA407B9A0" box="[684,823,656,680]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="17">Leehermania</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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in the Solite material, all from the Cow Branch Formation. Morphotype 17 (fig. 20) is similar to this species in its shortened elytra and ringlike abdominal segments; however, differences in antennal shape indicate separate taxa.
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<taxonomicName id="4C313DBFFF8BFFFC87BEF22FA407B845" box="[684,823,821,845]" class="Insecta" family="Staphylinidae" genus="Leehermania" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="17" pageNumber="17" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="B9459A2EFF8BFFFC87BEF22FA407B845" box="[684,823,821,845]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="17">Leehermania</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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was originally described as a staphylinid, but
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<bibRefCitation id="EFA03BCDFF8BFFFC863BF24CA33EB866" author="Fikacek, M." box="[809,1038,854,878]" pageId="17" pageNumber="17" pagination="175 - 187" refId="ref37734" refString="Fikacek, M., et al. 2020. Reliable placement of beetle fossils via phylogenetic analyses - Triassic Leehermania as a case study (Staphylinidae or Myxophaga?). Systematic Entomology 45 (1): 175 - 187." type="journal article" year="2020">Fikáček et al. (2020)</bibRefCitation>
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later suggested that the species belongs to an extinct lineage similar to modern
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<taxonomicName id="4C313DBFFF8BFFFC8664F282A38CB8B8" authority="(Myxophaga)" baseAuthorityName="Myxophaga" box="[886,1212,920,944]" class="Insecta" family="Hydroscaphidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="17" pageNumber="17" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="family">Hydroscaphidae (Myxophaga)</taxonomicName>
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based on a number of characters, including ringlike abdominal segments lacking paratergites and compound eyes that do not protrude.
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<typeStatus id="548AF89EFF8BFFFC8145F2E1A38CBF1B" box="[1111,1212,1019,1043]" pageId="17" pageNumber="17" type="holotype">Holotype</typeStatus>
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specimen formerly published as VMNH 734 (
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<bibRefCitation id="EFA03BCDFF8BFFFC87A1F527A4E5BF5D" author="Chatzimanolis, S. & D. A. Grimaldi & M. S. Engel & N. C. Fraser" box="[691,981,1085,1109]" pageId="17" pageNumber="17" pagination="1 - 28" refId="ref37460" refString="Chatzimanolis, S., D. A. Grimaldi, M. S. Engel, and N. C. Fraser. 2012. Leehermania prorova, the earliest staphyliniform beetle, from the Late Triassic of Virginia (Coleoptera: Staphylinidae). American Museum Novitates 3761: 1 - 28." type="journal article" year="2012">Chatzimanolis et al., 2012</bibRefCitation>
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).
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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</treatment>
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