453 lines
59 KiB
XML
453 lines
59 KiB
XML
<document id="E3E72BDC110E03D0B4E3FD869F731178" ID-CLB-Dataset="31177" ID-DOI="10.11646/zootaxa.4363.4.1" ID-GBIF-Dataset="a141fa76-cc88-4901-944a-306171e41413" ID-ISSN="1175-5326" ID-Zenodo-Dep="1114473" ID-ZooBank="86DE1B94-63AE-4ABF-B28A-0ECEA22D2F10" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.tables_requiresApprovalFor="existingObjects,plazi" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1513152258038" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Mcfadden, Catherine S. & Van Ofwegen, Leen P." docDate="2017" docId="038A07766C0C2873FF245A9EFB404BB2" docLanguage="en" docName="zootaxa.4363.4.1.pdf" docOrigin="Zootaxa 4363 (4)" docStyle="DocumentStyle:647186512141C8FC8976D5BCC54AEB7D.9:Zootaxa.2013-.journal_article" docStyleId="647186512141C8FC8976D5BCC54AEB7D" docStyleName="Zootaxa.2013-.journal_article" docStyleVersion="9" docTitle="Lampophyton spinatum Mcfadden & Van Ofwegen 2017, n. sp." docType="treatment" docVersion="7" lastPageNumber="460" masterDocId="FFB37F0E6C0A287AFFB35C76FF964E2E" masterDocTitle="Revisionary systematics of the endemic soft coral fauna (Octocorallia: Alcyonacea: Alcyoniina) of the Agulhas Bioregion, South Africa" masterLastPageNumber="488" masterPageNumber="451" pageNumber="457" updateTime="1698509335316" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
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<mods:title id="E0D9AD75E7F3643770DDC5062D897BD9">Revisionary systematics of the endemic soft coral fauna (Octocorallia: Alcyonacea: Alcyoniina) of the Agulhas Bioregion, South Africa</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="82925D27B7F5684F38A209E717A18902">Mcfadden, Catherine S.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="6ECBD372557142D5A8AFB7F69A808869">Van Ofwegen, Leen P.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:title id="F6437489DB694BB67DC49EC7F050D5D0">Zootaxa</mods:title>
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<mods:part id="6CAE273767CF9E91D6A65451B9F6A890">
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<mods:date id="9BB8F4714FD153600CEC9A6C8C99ED8B">2017</mods:date>
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<mods:number id="66E2B09B37941EB461751B074D4F34B5">2017-12-13</mods:number>
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<treatment id="038A07766C0C2873FF245A9EFB404BB2" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5613920" ID-GBIF-Taxon="137679949" ID-Zenodo-Dep="5613920" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:038A07766C0C2873FF245A9EFB404BB2" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/038A07766C0C2873FF245A9EFB404BB2" lastPageId="9" lastPageNumber="460" pageId="6" pageNumber="457">
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<subSubSection id="C339E5EB6C0C287CFF245A9EFED5490D" pageId="6" pageNumber="457" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="8B9CB6606C0C287CFF245A9EFD96492C" blockId="6.[151,512,1768,1827]" box="[151,512,1768,1794]" pageId="6" pageNumber="457">
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<heading id="D0D4010C6C0C287CFF245A9EFD96492C" bold="true" box="[151,512,1768,1794]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="6" pageNumber="457" reason="1">
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<emphasis id="B9576A726C0C287CFF245A9EFD96492C" bold="true" box="[151,512,1768,1794]" pageId="6" pageNumber="457">
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<taxonomicName id="4C23CDE36C0C287CFF245A9EFE21492C" authority="Mcfadden & Van Ofwegen, 2017" authorityName="Mcfadden & Van Ofwegen" authorityYear="2017" box="[151,439,1768,1794]" class="Anthozoa" family="Alcyoniidae" genus="Lampophyton" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Alcyonacea" pageId="6" pageNumber="457" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="spinatum" status="sp. nov.">
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<emphasis id="B9576A726C0C287CFF245A9EFE21492C" bold="true" box="[151,439,1768,1794]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="457">Lampophyton spinatum</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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<taxonomicNameLabel id="A264D7096C0C287CFE0E5A9EFD96492C" box="[445,512,1768,1794]" pageId="6" pageNumber="457" rank="species">n. sp.</taxonomicNameLabel>
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</emphasis>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8B9CB6606C0C287CFF245B7CFED5490D" blockId="6.[151,512,1768,1827]" box="[151,323,1802,1827]" pageId="6" pageNumber="457">
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<figureCitation id="1318AAE56C0C287CFF245B7CFE94490D" box="[151,258,1802,1827]" captionStart="FIGURE 3" captionStartId="7.[151,250,1910,1932]" captionTargetBox="[190,1384,193,1878]" captionTargetId="figure@7.[190,1384,193,1878]" captionTargetPageId="7" captionText="FIGURE 3. a, b: Lampophyton spinatum n. sp., holotype, RMNH Coel. 40198 (SAF164); b, close-up of polyparium surface and margin of stalk; c-e: Lampophyton spinatum n. sp., SAF125; d, lateral view of polyparium surface; e, top view of polyparium;f, g:Lampophyton planiceps RMNH Coel.40200 (SAF237),lateral view of polyparium and margin of stalk; g,top view of partially retracted polyparium.s = sclerites protruding through colony surface." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1114499/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="457">Fig. 3a–e</figureCitation>
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,
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||
<figureCitation id="1318AAE56C0C287CFEBE5B7DFE8B490D" box="[269,285,1803,1827]" captionStart="FIGURE4" captionStartId="8.[151,250,1658,1680]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,193,1637]" captionTargetId="figure@8.[151,1436,193,1637]" captionTargetPageId="8" captionText="FIGURE4. Lampophyton spinatum n. sp., holotype,RMNH Coel.40198 (SAF164).a, scleritesfrom upperregion ofstalk and polyparium; b, tuberculate spindles and needles from base of stalk; c, smooth spindles from base of stalk; d, details of tubercular ornamentation:top and middle, spindles of upper surface of stalk; bottom, spindles of base of stalk." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1114507/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="457">4</figureCitation>
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,
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<figureCitation id="1318AAE56C0C287CFE9A5B7CFED5490D" box="[297,323,1802,1827]" captionStart="FIGURE 5" captionStartId="10.[151,250,1819,1841]" captionTargetBox="[232,1366,195,1796]" captionTargetId="figure@10.[232,1366,195,1796]" captionTargetPageId="10" captionText="FIGURE 5. a, Lampophyton spinatum n. sp. paratype, RMNH Coel. 40199 (SAF195), colony photographed in situ; b, Alcyonium dolium n. sp. holotype, RMNH Coel.40204 (SAF292); c, Leptophyton benayahui SAF289 photographed in situ; d, Leptophyton fustis n. sp., holotype, RMNH Coel. 40211 (SAF087), colony photographed in situ (T. fallax n. comb. purple morph visible in lower right corner); e, Circularius wilsoni n. comb. RMNH Coel. 40207 (SAF448), colonies growing on mussel shell photographed in situ; f, Tenerodus pollex n. gen., n. sp. holotype, RMNH Coel. 40219 (SAF420), colonies photographed in situ; g, Tenerodus fallax, n. comb. RMNH Coel. 40217 (SAF383), pink color morph; h, Tenerodus fallax, n. comb. SAF015, purple and yellow color morphs." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1114515/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="457">5a</figureCitation>
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</paragraph>
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||
</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C339E5EB6C0C287CFF245B24FDE04946" box="[151,630,1874,1896]" pageId="6" pageNumber="457" type="reference_group">
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<paragraph id="8B9CB6606C0C287CFF245B24FDE04946" blockId="6.[151,630,1874,1896]" box="[151,630,1874,1896]" pageId="6" pageNumber="457">
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<taxonomicName id="4C23CDE36C0C287CFF245B24FDA14946" authority="Williams 1986 a: 56" authorityName="Williams" authorityPageNumber="56" authorityYear="1986" box="[151,567,1874,1896]" class="Anthozoa" family="Alcyoniidae" genus="Alcyonium" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Alcyonacea" pageId="6" pageNumber="457" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="planiceps">
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<emphasis id="B9576A726C0C287CFF245B24FEFC4946" box="[151,362,1874,1896]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="457">Alcyonium planiceps</emphasis>
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Williams 1986a: 56
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</taxonomicName>
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(part)
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</paragraph>
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||
</subSubSection>
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||
<subSubSection id="C339E5EB6C0C2873FF245BE3FBC04CDE" lastPageId="9" lastPageNumber="460" pageId="6" pageNumber="457" type="materials_examined">
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<paragraph id="8B9CB6606C0C287CFF245BE3FA1249DB" blockId="6.[151,1436,1941,2038]" pageId="6" pageNumber="457">
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||
<materialsCitation id="3B4BBC3D6C0C287CFF245BE3FBFA49FC" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="1705513508" collectingDate="2008-03-12" collectionCode="RMNH" collectorName="C. S. McFadden" country="South Africa" county="Material" elevation="15" latitude="-33.998333" location="White Sands" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="25.7087" municipality="Algoa Bay" pageId="6" pageNumber="457" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Eastern Cape" typeStatus="holotype">
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||
<emphasis id="B9576A726C0C287CFF245BE3FEEA4980" bold="true" box="[151,380,1941,1966]" pageId="6" pageNumber="457">
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<collectingCounty id="62FDCEEC6C0C287CFF245BE3FF694980" box="[151,255,1941,1966]" pageId="6" pageNumber="457">Material</collectingCounty>
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||
examined
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||
</emphasis>
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||
.
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||
<emphasis id="B9576A726C0C287CFE3E5BE3FD974980" bold="true" box="[397,513,1941,1966]" pageId="6" pageNumber="457">
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||
<typeStatus id="549808C26C0C287CFE3E5BE3FE6A4980" box="[397,508,1941,1966]" pageId="6" pageNumber="457" type="holotype">Holotype</typeStatus>
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||
.
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</emphasis>
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||
<collectionCode id="ED322EA56C0C287CFDB85BE0FDC94983" box="[523,607,1942,1965]" country="Netherlands" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34992" name="National Museum of Natural History, Naturalis" pageId="6" pageNumber="457">RMNH</collectionCode>
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Coel. 40198
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<emphasis id="B9576A726C0C287CFD4C5BE3FC9E4980" bold="true" box="[767,776,1941,1966]" pageId="6" pageNumber="457">(</emphasis>
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||
SAF164),
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||
<collectingCountry id="F334F6F06C0C287CFC335BE3FB804980" box="[896,1046,1941,1966]" name="South Africa" pageId="6" pageNumber="457">South Africa</collectingCountry>
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||
,
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||
<collectingRegion id="49E778826C0C287CFB975BE0FB284980" box="[1060,1214,1942,1966]" country="South Africa" name="Eastern Cape" pageId="6" pageNumber="457">
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||
<collectingRegion id="49E778826C0C287CFB975BE0FBEE4983" box="[1060,1144,1942,1965]" country="American Samoa" name="Eastern" pageId="6" pageNumber="457">Eastern</collectingRegion>
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Cape
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||
</collectingRegion>
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||
,
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<collectingMunicipality id="6BF82C1A6C0C287CFB7E5BE3FADF4980" box="[1229,1353,1941,1966]" pageId="6" pageNumber="457">Algoa Bay</collectingMunicipality>
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||
,
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||
<location id="8EFCE0BB6C0C287CFAE45BE3FF4C49FC" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:038A07766C0C2873FF245A9EFB404BB2:8EFCE0BB6C0C287CFAE45BE3FF4C49FC" country="South Africa" county="Material" latitude="-33.998333" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="25.7087" municipality="Algoa Bay" name="White Sands" pageId="6" pageNumber="457" stateProvince="Eastern Cape">White Sands</location>
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15;
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||
<geoCoordinate id="EE17D0A76C0C287CFEA15BCFFE0D49FC" box="[274,411,1977,2002]" direction="south" orientation="latitude" pageId="6" pageNumber="457" precision="1" value="-33.998333">33º59.900'S</geoCoordinate>
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,
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||
<geoCoordinate id="EE17D0A76C0C287CFE1A5BCFFDA249FC" box="[425,564,1977,2002]" direction="east" orientation="longitude" pageId="6" pageNumber="457" precision="1" value="25.7087">25º42.522'E</geoCoordinate>
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||
,
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||
<elevation id="000E51536C0C287CFDF15BCFFD3C49FF" box="[578,682,1977,2002]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.5" metricValueMax="1.6" metricValueMin="1.4" pageId="6" pageNumber="457" unit="m" value="15.0" valueMax="16.0" valueMin="14.0">
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<quantity id="4CDB1B856C0C287CFDF15BCFFD3C49FF" box="[578,682,1977,2002]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.5" metricValueMax="1.6" metricValueMin="1.4" pageId="6" pageNumber="457" unit="m" value="15.0" valueMax="16.0" valueMin="14.0">14–16 m</quantity>
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||
</elevation>
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||
, coll.
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||
<collectorName id="26D6D3B66C0C287CFD475BCCFC3F49FC" box="[756,937,1977,2002]" pageId="6" pageNumber="457">C.S. McFadden</collectorName>
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||
,
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||
<collectingDate id="EFD969486C0C287CFC045BCCFBFA49FC" box="[951,1132,1977,2002]" pageId="6" pageNumber="457" value="2008-03-12">
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||
<date id="FF9D90A06C0C287CFC045BCCFBFA49FC" box="[951,1132,1977,2002]" pageId="6" pageNumber="457" value="2008-03-12">12 March 2008</date>
|
||
</collectingDate>
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
.
|
||
<materialsCitation id="3B4BBC3D6C0C287CFBCA5BCFFA1249DB" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="1705513506" collectionCode="RMNH" country="South Africa" elevation="23" latitude="-34.006134" location="White Sands" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="25.719433" municipality="Algoa Bay" pageId="6" pageNumber="457" specimenCount="1" typeStatus="paratype">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9576A726C0C287CFBCA5BCFFB6E49FC" bold="true" box="[1145,1272,1977,2002]" pageId="6" pageNumber="457">
|
||
<typeStatus id="549808C26C0C287CFBCA5BCFFB6549FC" box="[1145,1267,1977,2002]" pageId="6" pageNumber="457" type="paratype">Paratypes</typeStatus>
|
||
.
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED322EA56C0C287CFAB15BCCFAC049FF" box="[1282,1366,1978,2001]" country="Netherlands" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34992" name="National Museum of Natural History, Naturalis" pageId="6" pageNumber="457">RMNH</collectionCode>
|
||
Coel. 40199 (SAF195),
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F334F6F06C0C287CFEDA5BABFD9549D8" box="[361,515,2013,2038]" name="South Africa" pageId="6" pageNumber="457">South Africa</collectingCountry>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingMunicipality id="6BF82C1A6C0C287CFDA65BABFD0349D8" box="[533,661,2013,2038]" pageId="6" pageNumber="457">Algoa Bay</collectingMunicipality>
|
||
,
|
||
<location id="8EFCE0BB6C0C287CFD135BABFCB949D8" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:038A07766C0C2873FF245A9EFB404BB2:8EFCE0BB6C0C287CFD135BABFCB949D8" box="[672,815,2013,2038]" country="South Africa" latitude="-34.006134" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="25.719433" municipality="Algoa Bay" name="White Sands" pageId="6" pageNumber="457">White Sands</location>
|
||
6;
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="EE17D0A76C0C287CFCE15BABFC4A49D8" box="[850,988,2013,2038]" direction="south" orientation="latitude" pageId="6" pageNumber="457" precision="1" value="-34.006134">34º00.368'S</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="EE17D0A76C0C287CFC545BABFBE449D8" box="[999,1138,2013,2038]" direction="east" orientation="longitude" pageId="6" pageNumber="457" precision="1" value="25.719433">25º43.166'E</geoCoordinate>
|
||
, depth
|
||
<elevation id="000E51536C0C287CFB715BABFAB149DB" box="[1218,1319,2013,2038]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.3" metricValueMax="2.5" metricValueMin="2.1" pageId="6" pageNumber="457" unit="m" value="23.0" valueMax="25.0" valueMin="21.0">
|
||
<quantity id="4CDB1B856C0C287CFB715BABFAB149DB" box="[1218,1319,2013,2038]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.3" metricValueMax="2.5" metricValueMin="2.1" pageId="6" pageNumber="457" unit="m" value="23.0" valueMax="25.0" valueMin="21.0">21–25 m</quantity>
|
||
</elevation>
|
||
, coll. B.
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||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<caption id="DF5CE6E86C0D287DFF245B00FB9249C6" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1114499/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="458" targetBox="[190,1384,193,1878]" targetPageId="7">
|
||
<paragraph id="8B9CB6606C0D287DFF245B00FB9249C6" blockId="7.[151,1436,1910,2024]" pageId="7" pageNumber="458">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9576A726C0D287DFF245B00FE8249A2" bold="true" box="[151,276,1910,1932]" pageId="7" pageNumber="458">FIGURE 3.</emphasis>
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||
a, b:
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C23CDE36C0D287DFEE35B00FDA949A2" authority="Mcfadden & Van Ofwegen, 2017" authorityName="Mcfadden & Van Ofwegen" authorityYear="2017" box="[336,575,1910,1932]" class="Anthozoa" family="Alcyoniidae" genus="Lampophyton" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Alcyonacea" pageId="7" pageNumber="458" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="spinatum" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9576A726C0D287DFEE35B00FDA949A2" box="[336,575,1910,1932]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="458">Lampophyton spinatum</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A264D7096C0D287DFDF45B00FD1749A2" box="[583,641,1910,1932]" pageId="7" pageNumber="458" rank="species">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9576A726C0D287DFDF45B00FD1749A2" bold="true" box="[583,641,1910,1932]" pageId="7" pageNumber="458">n. sp.</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
, holotype, RMNH Coel. 40198 (SAF164); b, close-up of polyparium surface and margin of stalk; c-e:
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C23CDE36C0D287DFE1F5BE2FD364985" authority="Mcfadden & Van Ofwegen, 2017" authorityName="Mcfadden & Van Ofwegen" authorityYear="2017" box="[428,672,1940,1963]" class="Anthozoa" family="Alcyoniidae" genus="Lampophyton" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Alcyonacea" pageId="7" pageNumber="458" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="spinatum" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9576A726C0D287DFE1F5BE2FD364985" box="[428,672,1940,1963]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="458">Lampophyton spinatum</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A264D7096C0D287DFD185BE2FD7F4984" box="[683,745,1940,1962]" pageId="7" pageNumber="458" rank="species">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9576A726C0D287DFD185BE2FD7F4984" bold="true" box="[683,745,1940,1962]" pageId="7" pageNumber="458">n. sp.</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
, SAF125; d, lateral view of polyparium surface; e, top view of polyparium; f, g:
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C23CDE36C0D287DFEF55BC5FDAE49E7" baseAuthorityName="Williams" baseAuthorityYear="1986" box="[326,568,1971,1993]" class="Anthozoa" family="Alcyoniidae" genus="Lampophyton" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Alcyonacea" pageId="7" pageNumber="458" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="planiceps">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9576A726C0D287DFEF55BC5FDAE49E7" box="[326,568,1971,1993]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="458">Lampophyton planiceps</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
RMNH Coel. 40200 (SAF237), lateral view of polyparium and margin of stalk; g, top view of partially retracted polyparium. s = sclerites protruding through colony surface.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<caption id="DF5CE6E86C022872FF245A0CFB6548E3" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1114507/files/figure.png" pageId="8" pageNumber="459" targetBox="[151,1436,193,1637]" targetPageId="8">
|
||
<paragraph id="8B9CB6606C022872FF245A0CFB6548E3" blockId="8.[151,1436,1658,1741]" pageId="8" pageNumber="459">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9576A726C022872FF245A0CFE8448BE" bold="true" box="[151,274,1658,1680]" pageId="8" pageNumber="459">FIGURE 4.</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C23CDE36C022872FEAB5A0CFD9048BE" authority="Mcfadden & Van Ofwegen, 2017" authorityName="Mcfadden & Van Ofwegen" authorityYear="2017" box="[280,518,1658,1680]" class="Anthozoa" family="Alcyoniidae" genus="Lampophyton" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Alcyonacea" pageId="8" pageNumber="459" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="spinatum" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9576A726C022872FEAB5A0CFD9048BE" box="[280,518,1658,1680]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="459">Lampophyton spinatum</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A264D7096C022872FDBF5A0CFDD248BE" box="[524,580,1658,1680]" pageId="8" pageNumber="459" rank="species">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9576A726C022872FDBF5A0CFDD248BE" bold="true" box="[524,580,1658,1680]" pageId="8" pageNumber="459">n. sp.</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
, holotype, RMNH Coel. 40198 (SAF164). a, sclerites from upper region of stalk and polyparium; b, tuberculate spindles and needles from base of stalk; c, smooth spindles from base of stalk; d, details of tubercular ornamentation: top and middle, spindles of upper surface of stalk; bottom, spindles of base of stalk.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<paragraph id="8B9CB6606C022872FF245A83FD3949EF" blockId="8.[151,1436,1781,2022]" pageId="8" pageNumber="459">
|
||
<materialsCitation id="3B4BBC3D6C022872FF245A83FE354920" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="1705513524" box="[151,419,1781,1806]" collectingDate="2008-03-12" location="Picton" pageId="8" pageNumber="459" specimenCount="1">
|
||
<location id="8EFCE0BB6C022872FF245A83FF744920" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:038A07766C0C2873FF245A9EFB404BB2:8EFCE0BB6C022872FF245A83FF744920" box="[151,226,1781,1806]" name="Picton" pageId="8" pageNumber="459">Picton</location>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingDate id="EFD969486C022872FF5C5A80FE354920" box="[239,419,1781,1806]" pageId="8" pageNumber="459" value="2008-03-12">
|
||
<date id="FF9D90A06C022872FF5C5A80FE354920" box="[239,419,1781,1806]" pageId="8" pageNumber="459" value="2008-03-12">12 March 2008</date>
|
||
</collectingDate>
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
.
|
||
<materialsCitation id="3B4BBC3D6C022872FE035A80FF454978" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="1705513512" collectingDate="2008-03-11" collectionCode="RMNH" collectorName="C. S. McFadden" country="South Africa" county="Coel." elevation="16" latitude="-33.98448" location="Algoa Bay" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="25.864017" municipality="Other" pageId="8" pageNumber="459" specimenCode="CASIZ 222392" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Eastern Cape">
|
||
<specimenCode id="DB851E1B6C022872FE035A80FDF44920" box="[432,610,1782,1806]" collectionCode="CASIZ" pageId="8" pageNumber="459">CASIZ 222392</specimenCode>
|
||
, same as
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED322EA56C022872FD675A80FCBE4923" box="[724,808,1782,1805]" country="Netherlands" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34992" name="National Museum of Natural History, Naturalis" pageId="8" pageNumber="459">RMNH</collectionCode>
|
||
<collectingCounty id="62FDCEEC6C022872FC825A83FCF84920" box="[817,878,1781,1806]" pageId="8" pageNumber="459">Coel.</collectingCounty>
|
||
40199.
|
||
<emphasis id="B9576A726C022872FC7E5A83FB1D4920" bold="true" box="[973,1163,1781,1806]" pageId="8" pageNumber="459">
|
||
<collectingMunicipality id="6BF82C1A6C022872FC7E5A83FB824920" box="[973,1044,1781,1806]" pageId="8" pageNumber="459">Other</collectingMunicipality>
|
||
material.
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
SAF125,
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F334F6F06C022872FAB15A83FA014920" box="[1282,1431,1781,1806]" name="South Africa" pageId="8" pageNumber="459">South Africa</collectingCountry>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingRegion id="49E778826C022872FF245B6CFEA6491F" box="[151,304,1817,1841]" country="South Africa" name="Eastern Cape" pageId="8" pageNumber="459">
|
||
<collectingRegion id="49E778826C022872FF245B6CFF7D491F" box="[151,235,1818,1841]" country="American Samoa" name="Eastern" pageId="8" pageNumber="459">Eastern</collectingRegion>
|
||
Cape
|
||
</collectingRegion>
|
||
,
|
||
<location id="8EFCE0BB6C022872FE8D5B6FFE2C491C" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:038A07766C0C2873FF245A9EFB404BB2:8EFCE0BB6C022872FE8D5B6FFE2C491C" box="[318,442,1817,1842]" country="South Africa" county="Coel." latitude="-33.98448" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="25.864017" municipality="Other" name="Algoa Bay" pageId="8" pageNumber="459" stateProvince="Eastern Cape">Algoa Bay</location>
|
||
,
|
||
<location id="8EFCE0BB6C022872FE745B6FFDD4491C" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:038A07766C0C2873FF245A9EFB404BB2:8EFCE0BB6C022872FE745B6FFDD4491C" box="[455,578,1817,1842]" country="South Africa" county="Coel." latitude="-33.98448" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="25.864017" municipality="Other" name="Riy Banks" pageId="8" pageNumber="459" stateProvince="Eastern Cape">Riy Banks</location>
|
||
;
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="EE17D0A76C022872FDE35B6FFD4F491C" box="[592,729,1817,1842]" direction="south" orientation="latitude" pageId="8" pageNumber="459" precision="1" value="-33.98448">33º59.069'S</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="EE17D0A76C022872FD545B6FFCE7491C" box="[743,881,1817,1842]" direction="east" orientation="longitude" pageId="8" pageNumber="459" precision="1" value="25.864017">25º51.841'E</geoCoordinate>
|
||
, depth
|
||
<elevation id="000E51536C022872FC725B6FFBB3491F" box="[961,1061,1817,1842]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.55" metricValueMax="1.7" metricValueMin="1.4" pageId="8" pageNumber="459" unit="m" value="15.5" valueMax="17.0" valueMin="14.0">
|
||
<quantity id="4CDB1B856C022872FC725B6FFBB3491F" box="[961,1061,1817,1842]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.55" metricValueMax="1.7" metricValueMin="1.4" pageId="8" pageNumber="459" unit="m" value="15.5" valueMax="17.0" valueMin="14.0">14–17 m</quantity>
|
||
</elevation>
|
||
, coll.
|
||
<collectorName id="26D6D3B66C022872FBDE5B6FFAB4491C" box="[1133,1314,1817,1842]" pageId="8" pageNumber="459">C.S. McFadden</collectorName>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingDate id="EFD969486C022872FA9C5B6FFF454978" pageId="8" pageNumber="459" value="2008-03-11">
|
||
<date id="FF9D90A06C022872FA9C5B6FFF454978" pageId="8" pageNumber="459" value="2008-03-11">11 March 2008</date>
|
||
</collectingDate>
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
.
|
||
<materialsCitation id="3B4BBC3D6C022872FF6F5B4BFBD14957" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="1705513523" collectingDate="2008-03-12" collectionCode="CASIZ" collectorName="B. Picton" country="South Africa" elevation="23" latitude="-34.006134" location="White Sands" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="25.719433" municipality="Algoa Bay" pageId="8" pageNumber="459" specimenCode="CASIZ 222386" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Eastern Cape">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C23CDE36C022872FF6F5B4BFE7E4978" baseAuthorityName="Williams" baseAuthorityYear="1986" box="[220,488,1853,1878]" class="Anthozoa" family="Alcyoniidae" genus="Lampophyton" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Alcyonacea" pageId="8" pageNumber="459" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="planiceps">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9576A726C022872FF6F5B4BFE7E4978" box="[220,488,1853,1878]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="459">Lampophyton planiceps</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
:
|
||
<specimenCode id="DB851E1B6C022872FE445B48FD354978" box="[503,675,1853,1878]" collectionCode="CASIZ" pageId="8" pageNumber="459">CASIZ 222386</specimenCode>
|
||
(SAF136), SAF137,
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F334F6F06C022872FC205B4BFBB34978" box="[915,1061,1853,1878]" name="South Africa" pageId="8" pageNumber="459">South Africa</collectingCountry>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingRegion id="49E778826C022872FB835B48FB514978" box="[1072,1223,1854,1878]" country="South Africa" name="Eastern Cape" pageId="8" pageNumber="459">
|
||
<collectingRegion id="49E778826C022872FB835B48FB12497B" box="[1072,1156,1854,1877]" country="American Samoa" name="Eastern" pageId="8" pageNumber="459">Eastern</collectingRegion>
|
||
Cape
|
||
</collectingRegion>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingMunicipality id="6BF82C1A6C022872FB605B4BFADA4978" box="[1235,1356,1853,1878]" pageId="8" pageNumber="459">Algoa Bay</collectingMunicipality>
|
||
,
|
||
<location id="8EFCE0BB6C022872FAE45B4BFF4C4954" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:038A07766C0C2873FF245A9EFB404BB2:8EFCE0BB6C022872FAE45B4BFF4C4954" country="South Africa" latitude="-34.006134" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="25.719433" municipality="Algoa Bay" name="White Sands" pageId="8" pageNumber="459" stateProvince="Eastern Cape">White Sands</location>
|
||
6;
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="EE17D0A76C022872FEB35B17FE1F4954" box="[256,393,1889,1914]" direction="south" orientation="latitude" pageId="8" pageNumber="459" precision="1" value="-34.006134">34º00.368'S</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="EE17D0A76C022872FE265B17FDB64954" box="[405,544,1889,1914]" direction="east" orientation="longitude" pageId="8" pageNumber="459" precision="1" value="25.719433">25º43.166'E</geoCoordinate>
|
||
, depth
|
||
<elevation id="000E51536C022872FDC15B17FD4E4957" box="[626,728,1889,1914]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.3" metricValueMax="2.5" metricValueMin="2.1" pageId="8" pageNumber="459" unit="m" value="23.0" valueMax="25.0" valueMin="21.0">
|
||
<quantity id="4CDB1B856C022872FDC15B17FD4E4957" box="[626,728,1889,1914]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.3" metricValueMax="2.5" metricValueMin="2.1" pageId="8" pageNumber="459" unit="m" value="23.0" valueMax="25.0" valueMin="21.0">21–25 m</quantity>
|
||
</elevation>
|
||
, coll.
|
||
<collectorName id="26D6D3B66C022872FCAD5B14FC1C4954" box="[798,906,1889,1914]" pageId="8" pageNumber="459">B. Picton</collectorName>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingDate id="EFD969486C022872FC245B17FBD14957" box="[919,1095,1889,1914]" pageId="8" pageNumber="459" value="2008-03-12">
|
||
<date id="FF9D90A06C022872FC245B17FBD14957" box="[919,1095,1889,1914]" pageId="8" pageNumber="459" value="2008-03-12">12 March 2008</date>
|
||
</collectingDate>
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
.
|
||
<materialsCitation id="3B4BBC3D6C022872FBE05B14FAAA4957" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="1705513520" box="[1107,1340,1889,1914]" collectionCode="RMNH" country="South Africa" location="Coel." pageId="8" pageNumber="459" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Eastern Cape">
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED322EA56C022872FBE05B14FB314957" box="[1107,1191,1890,1913]" country="Netherlands" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34992" name="National Museum of Natural History, Naturalis" pageId="8" pageNumber="459">RMNH</collectionCode>
|
||
<location id="8EFCE0BB6C022872FB1C5B17FB7A4954" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:038A07766C0C2873FF245A9EFB404BB2:8EFCE0BB6C022872FB1C5B17FB7A4954" box="[1199,1260,1889,1914]" country="South Africa" name="Coel." pageId="8" pageNumber="459" stateProvince="Eastern Cape">Coel.</location>
|
||
40200
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<materialsCitation id="3B4BBC3D6C022872FAFB5B14FEB449B0" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="1705513501" collectionCode="RMNH" country="South Africa" location="Coel." pageId="8" pageNumber="459" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Eastern Cape">
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED322EA56C022872FAFB5B14FA0A4957" box="[1352,1436,1890,1913]" country="Netherlands" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34992" name="National Museum of Natural History, Naturalis" pageId="8" pageNumber="459">RMNH</collectionCode>
|
||
<location id="8EFCE0BB6C022872FF245BF3FF4549B0" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:038A07766C0C2873FF245A9EFB404BB2:8EFCE0BB6C022872FF245BF3FF4549B0" box="[151,211,1925,1950]" country="South Africa" name="Coel." pageId="8" pageNumber="459" stateProvince="Eastern Cape">Coel.</location>
|
||
40201
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<materialsCitation id="3B4BBC3D6C022872FE9E5BF0FD3A49EF" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="1705513505" collectingDate="2008-03-14" collectionCode="CASIZ" collectorName="C. S. McFadden" country="South Africa" elevation="25" latitude="-33.842968" location="Evans Peak" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="25.816467" municipality="Algoa Bay" pageId="8" pageNumber="459" specimenCode="CASIZ 222393" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Eastern Cape">
|
||
<specimenCode id="DB851E1B6C022872FE9E5BF0FE4D49B0" box="[301,475,1926,1950]" collectionCode="CASIZ" pageId="8" pageNumber="459">CASIZ 222393</specimenCode>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F334F6F06C022872FE565BF3FDE149B0" box="[485,631,1925,1950]" name="South Africa" pageId="8" pageNumber="459">South Africa</collectingCountry>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingRegion id="49E778826C022872FD315BF0FC8E49B0" box="[642,792,1926,1950]" country="South Africa" name="Eastern Cape" pageId="8" pageNumber="459">
|
||
<collectingRegion id="49E778826C022872FD315BF0FD4049B3" box="[642,726,1926,1949]" country="American Samoa" name="Eastern" pageId="8" pageNumber="459">Eastern</collectingRegion>
|
||
Cape
|
||
</collectingRegion>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingMunicipality id="6BF82C1A6C022872FC905BF3FC0A49B0" box="[803,924,1925,1950]" pageId="8" pageNumber="459">Algoa Bay</collectingMunicipality>
|
||
,
|
||
<location id="8EFCE0BB6C022872FC145BF0FBBC49B0" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:038A07766C0C2873FF245A9EFB404BB2:8EFCE0BB6C022872FC145BF0FBBC49B0" box="[935,1066,1925,1950]" country="South Africa" latitude="-33.842968" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="25.816467" municipality="Algoa Bay" name="Evans Peak" pageId="8" pageNumber="459" stateProvince="Eastern Cape">Evans Peak</location>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="EE17D0A76C022872FB865BF3FB2849B0" box="[1077,1214,1925,1950]" direction="south" orientation="latitude" pageId="8" pageNumber="459" precision="1" value="-33.842968">33º50.578'S</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="EE17D0A76C022872FB7A5BF3FAC249B0" box="[1225,1364,1925,1950]" direction="east" orientation="longitude" pageId="8" pageNumber="459" precision="1" value="25.816467">25º48.988'E</geoCoordinate>
|
||
, depth
|
||
<elevation id="000E51536C022872FF245BDFFF6A49EF" box="[151,252,1961,1985]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.5" metricValueMax="2.8" metricValueMin="2.2" pageId="8" pageNumber="459" unit="m" value="25.0" valueMax="28.0" valueMin="22.0">
|
||
<quantity id="4CDB1B856C022872FF245BDFFF6A49EF" box="[151,252,1961,1985]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.5" metricValueMax="2.8" metricValueMin="2.2" pageId="8" pageNumber="459" unit="m" value="25.0" valueMax="28.0" valueMin="22.0">22–28 m</quantity>
|
||
</elevation>
|
||
, coll.
|
||
<collectorName id="26D6D3B66C022872FEF35BDFFE6449EC" box="[320,498,1961,1986]" pageId="8" pageNumber="459">C.S. McFadden</collectorName>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingDate id="EFD969486C022872FE4E5BDFFD3A49EF" box="[509,684,1961,1986]" pageId="8" pageNumber="459" value="2008-03-14">
|
||
<date id="FF9D90A06C022872FE4E5BDFFD3A49EF" box="[509,684,1961,1986]" pageId="8" pageNumber="459" value="2008-03-14">14 March 2008</date>
|
||
</collectingDate>
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8B9CB6606C022872FF745BBBFA0A49C8" blockId="8.[151,1436,1781,2022]" box="[199,1436,1997,2022]" pageId="8" pageNumber="459">
|
||
The
|
||
<typeStatus id="549808C26C022872FF4C5BBBFEF749C8" box="[255,353,1997,2022]" pageId="8" pageNumber="459" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
|
||
is an unbranched colony
|
||
<quantity id="4CDB1B856C022872FD2C5BB8FD6749CB" box="[671,753,1998,2022]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.8" pageId="8" pageNumber="459" unit="cm" value="2.8">2.8 cm</quantity>
|
||
tall, with a distinct stalk and retractile polyps (
|
||
<figureCitation id="1318AAE56C022872FA845BBBFA1949C8" box="[1335,1423,1997,2022]" captionStart="FIGURE 3" captionStartId="7.[151,250,1910,1932]" captionTargetBox="[190,1384,193,1878]" captionTargetId="figure@7.[190,1384,193,1878]" captionTargetPageId="7" captionText="FIGURE 3. a, b: Lampophyton spinatum n. sp., holotype, RMNH Coel. 40198 (SAF164); b, close-up of polyparium surface and margin of stalk; c-e: Lampophyton spinatum n. sp., SAF125; d, lateral view of polyparium surface; e, top view of polyparium;f, g:Lampophyton planiceps RMNH Coel.40200 (SAF237),lateral view of polyparium and margin of stalk; g,top view of partially retracted polyparium.s = sclerites protruding through colony surface." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1114499/files/figure.png" pageId="8" pageNumber="459">Fig. 3a</figureCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8B9CB6606C032873FF245CE1FD8E4F83" blockId="9.[151,1437,151,1437]" pageId="9" pageNumber="460">
|
||
Approximately one-half of the upper region of the stalk and a portion of the polyparium have been removed for
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED322EA56C032873FF245CCAFF424EFA" box="[151,212,188,212]" country="Australia" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15536" name="Department of Natural Resources, Environment, The Arts and Sport" pageId="9" pageNumber="460">DNA</collectionCode>
|
||
analysis. The stalk is
|
||
<quantity id="4CDB1B856C032873FE785CCAFD814EFA" box="[459,535,188,213]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="6.0" pageId="9" pageNumber="460" unit="cm" value="0.6">0.6 cm</quantity>
|
||
in diameter near its base, but flares to
|
||
<quantity id="4CDB1B856C032873FC795CCAFB804EFA" box="[970,1046,188,212]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="9.0" pageId="9" pageNumber="460" unit="cm" value="0.9">0.9 cm</quantity>
|
||
at the distal end. The stalk surface is rough with numerous longitudinal furrows and transverse wrinkles. Large sclerites can be seen on the stalk surface and protruding from the base. Numerous large spindles also protrude from the margin of the stalk, surrounding the polyparium (
|
||
<figureCitation id="1318AAE56C032873FE575D51FDAE4F6E" box="[484,568,295,320]" captionStart="FIGURE 3" captionStartId="7.[151,250,1910,1932]" captionTargetBox="[190,1384,193,1878]" captionTargetId="figure@7.[190,1384,193,1878]" captionTargetPageId="7" captionText="FIGURE 3. a, b: Lampophyton spinatum n. sp., holotype, RMNH Coel. 40198 (SAF164); b, close-up of polyparium surface and margin of stalk; c-e: Lampophyton spinatum n. sp., SAF125; d, lateral view of polyparium surface; e, top view of polyparium;f, g:Lampophyton planiceps RMNH Coel.40200 (SAF237),lateral view of polyparium and margin of stalk; g,top view of partially retracted polyparium.s = sclerites protruding through colony surface." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1114499/files/figure.png" pageId="9" pageNumber="460">Fig. 3b</figureCitation>
|
||
). The polyparium is withdrawn within the stalk, with only the dome-shaped surface, with 8–10 large polyps in various stages of retraction, visible. Additional large spindles protrude from the surface of the polyparium, extending from the coenenchymal space between the polyps (
|
||
<figureCitation id="1318AAE56C032873FB185D19FA944FA6" box="[1195,1282,367,392]" captionStart="FIGURE 3" captionStartId="7.[151,250,1910,1932]" captionTargetBox="[190,1384,193,1878]" captionTargetId="figure@7.[190,1384,193,1878]" captionTargetPageId="7" captionText="FIGURE 3. a, b: Lampophyton spinatum n. sp., holotype, RMNH Coel. 40198 (SAF164); b, close-up of polyparium surface and margin of stalk; c-e: Lampophyton spinatum n. sp., SAF125; d, lateral view of polyparium surface; e, top view of polyparium;f, g:Lampophyton planiceps RMNH Coel.40200 (SAF237),lateral view of polyparium and margin of stalk; g,top view of partially retracted polyparium.s = sclerites protruding through colony surface." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1114499/files/figure.png" pageId="9" pageNumber="460">Fig. 3b</figureCitation>
|
||
). The polyps themselves are devoid of sclerites.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8B9CB6606C032873FF745DC1FB1A4C36" blockId="9.[151,1437,151,1437]" pageId="9" pageNumber="460">
|
||
The sclerites of the polyparium are large, fat spindles, 1.0–
|
||
<quantity id="4CDB1B856C032873FCE65DCEFC3C4FE1" box="[853,938,440,464]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.4" pageId="9" pageNumber="460" unit="mm" value="1.4">1.4 mm</quantity>
|
||
long and up to
|
||
<quantity id="4CDB1B856C032873FBE55DC1FB2F4FE1" box="[1110,1209,439,464]" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.5" pageId="9" pageNumber="460" unit="mm" value="0.25">0.25 mm</quantity>
|
||
wide, with complex tubercles (
|
||
<figureCitation id="1318AAE56C032873FEBF5DAAFEEC4FDB" box="[268,378,476,501]" captionStart="FIGURE4" captionStartId="8.[151,250,1658,1680]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,193,1637]" captionTargetId="figure@8.[151,1436,193,1637]" captionTargetPageId="8" captionText="FIGURE4. Lampophyton spinatum n. sp., holotype,RMNH Coel.40198 (SAF164).a, scleritesfrom upperregion ofstalk and polyparium; b, tuberculate spindles and needles from base of stalk; c, smooth spindles from base of stalk; d, details of tubercular ornamentation:top and middle, spindles of upper surface of stalk; bottom, spindles of base of stalk." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1114507/files/figure.png" pageId="9" pageNumber="460">Fig. 4a, d</figureCitation>
|
||
). The lower region of the stalk includes similar spindles up to
|
||
<quantity id="4CDB1B856C032873FB8B5DAAFB184FDA" box="[1080,1166,476,500]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.3" pageId="9" pageNumber="460" unit="mm" value="2.3">2.3 mm</quantity>
|
||
long, as well as needlelike forms,
|
||
<quantity id="4CDB1B856C032873FEA45D89FE3A4C39" box="[279,428,511,536]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.425" metricValueMax="1.75" metricValueMin="1.1" pageId="9" pageNumber="460" unit="mm" value="1.425" valueMax="1.75" valueMin="1.1">1.1–1.75 mm</quantity>
|
||
long (
|
||
<figureCitation id="1318AAE56C032873FE475D89FDDE4C36" box="[500,584,511,536]" captionStart="FIGURE4" captionStartId="8.[151,250,1658,1680]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,193,1637]" captionTargetId="figure@8.[151,1436,193,1637]" captionTargetPageId="8" captionText="FIGURE4. Lampophyton spinatum n. sp., holotype,RMNH Coel.40198 (SAF164).a, scleritesfrom upperregion ofstalk and polyparium; b, tuberculate spindles and needles from base of stalk; c, smooth spindles from base of stalk; d, details of tubercular ornamentation:top and middle, spindles of upper surface of stalk; bottom, spindles of base of stalk." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1114507/files/figure.png" pageId="9" pageNumber="460">Fig. 4b</figureCitation>
|
||
), and rather smooth rods to
|
||
<quantity id="4CDB1B856C032873FC325D89FC734C39" box="[897,997,511,536]" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.5" pageId="9" pageNumber="460" unit="mm" value="0.45">0.45 mm</quantity>
|
||
long (
|
||
<figureCitation id="1318AAE56C032873FB9F5D89FBE94C36" box="[1068,1151,511,536]" captionStart="FIGURE4" captionStartId="8.[151,250,1658,1680]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,193,1637]" captionTargetId="figure@8.[151,1436,193,1637]" captionTargetPageId="8" captionText="FIGURE4. Lampophyton spinatum n. sp., holotype,RMNH Coel.40198 (SAF164).a, scleritesfrom upperregion ofstalk and polyparium; b, tuberculate spindles and needles from base of stalk; c, smooth spindles from base of stalk; d, details of tubercular ornamentation:top and middle, spindles of upper surface of stalk; bottom, spindles of base of stalk." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1114507/files/figure.png" pageId="9" pageNumber="460">Fig. 4c</figureCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8B9CB6606C032873FF745E53FB0E4CE3" blockId="9.[151,1437,151,1437]" pageId="9" pageNumber="460">
|
||
<typeStatus id="549808C26C032873FF745E53FEA24C13" box="[199,308,549,573]" pageId="9" pageNumber="460" type="paratype">Paratypes</typeStatus>
|
||
and other material: SAF125 is a
|
||
<quantity id="4CDB1B856C032873FD1B5E52FD624C12" box="[680,756,548,572]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.8" pageId="9" pageNumber="460" unit="cm" value="1.8">1.8 cm</quantity>
|
||
tall colony, with a stalk that is
|
||
<quantity id="4CDB1B856C032873FBE05E52FB364C12" box="[1107,1184,548,572]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.0" pageId="9" pageNumber="460" unit="cm" value="0.4">0.4 cm</quantity>
|
||
in diameter at its base and flares to 1.0 cm at the distal end (
|
||
<figureCitation id="1318AAE56C032873FDF65E31FD0E4C4E" box="[581,664,583,608]" captionStart="FIGURE 3" captionStartId="7.[151,250,1910,1932]" captionTargetBox="[190,1384,193,1878]" captionTargetId="figure@7.[190,1384,193,1878]" captionTargetPageId="7" captionText="FIGURE 3. a, b: Lampophyton spinatum n. sp., holotype, RMNH Coel. 40198 (SAF164); b, close-up of polyparium surface and margin of stalk; c-e: Lampophyton spinatum n. sp., SAF125; d, lateral view of polyparium surface; e, top view of polyparium;f, g:Lampophyton planiceps RMNH Coel.40200 (SAF237),lateral view of polyparium and margin of stalk; g,top view of partially retracted polyparium.s = sclerites protruding through colony surface." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1114499/files/figure.png" pageId="9" pageNumber="460">Fig. 3c</figureCitation>
|
||
). The dome-shaped polyparium has about 25 polyps, most of which are fully retracted. Large sclerites protrude at various angles from the upper part of the stalk and vertically from the surface of the polyparium between the polyps (
|
||
<figureCitation id="1318AAE56C032873FD1F5EF9FC8C4C86" box="[684,794,655,680]" captionStart="FIGURE 3" captionStartId="7.[151,250,1910,1932]" captionTargetBox="[190,1384,193,1878]" captionTargetId="figure@7.[190,1384,193,1878]" captionTargetPageId="7" captionText="FIGURE 3. a, b: Lampophyton spinatum n. sp., holotype, RMNH Coel. 40198 (SAF164); b, close-up of polyparium surface and margin of stalk; c-e: Lampophyton spinatum n. sp., SAF125; d, lateral view of polyparium surface; e, top view of polyparium;f, g:Lampophyton planiceps RMNH Coel.40200 (SAF237),lateral view of polyparium and margin of stalk; g,top view of partially retracted polyparium.s = sclerites protruding through colony surface." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1114499/files/figure.png" pageId="9" pageNumber="460">Fig. 3d, e</figureCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED322EA56C032873FC835EE6FC124C89" box="[816,900,656,679]" country="Netherlands" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34992" name="National Museum of Natural History, Naturalis" pageId="9" pageNumber="460">RMNH</collectionCode>
|
||
Coel. 40199 (SAF195) and
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED322EA56C032873FB765EE6FA804C86" box="[1221,1302,656,680]" pageId="9" pageNumber="460">CASIZ</collectionCode>
|
||
222392 are similar in appearance but
|
||
<quantity id="4CDB1B856C032873FE0B5EC2FD924CE2" box="[440,516,692,717]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.6" pageId="9" pageNumber="460" unit="cm" value="2.6">2.6 cm</quantity>
|
||
tall. In other respects the
|
||
<typeStatus id="549808C26C032873FC955EC3FC044CE3" box="[806,914,693,717]" pageId="9" pageNumber="460" type="paratype">paratypes</typeStatus>
|
||
resemble the
|
||
<typeStatus id="549808C26C032873FB9D5EC2FB024CE3" box="[1070,1172,692,717]" pageId="9" pageNumber="460" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8B9CB6606C032873FF745EA1FBC04CDE" blockId="9.[151,1437,151,1437]" box="[199,1110,727,752]" pageId="9" pageNumber="460">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9576A726C032873FF745EA1FE9C4CDE" bold="true" box="[199,266,727,752]" pageId="9" pageNumber="460">Color</emphasis>
|
||
. In life, polyparium yellow with purple polyps (
|
||
<figureCitation id="1318AAE56C032873FC955EA1FCEE4CDE" box="[806,888,727,752]" captionStart="FIGURE 5" captionStartId="10.[151,250,1819,1841]" captionTargetBox="[232,1366,195,1796]" captionTargetId="figure@10.[232,1366,195,1796]" captionTargetPageId="10" captionText="FIGURE 5. a, Lampophyton spinatum n. sp. paratype, RMNH Coel. 40199 (SAF195), colony photographed in situ; b, Alcyonium dolium n. sp. holotype, RMNH Coel.40204 (SAF292); c, Leptophyton benayahui SAF289 photographed in situ; d, Leptophyton fustis n. sp., holotype, RMNH Coel. 40211 (SAF087), colony photographed in situ (T. fallax n. comb. purple morph visible in lower right corner); e, Circularius wilsoni n. comb. RMNH Coel. 40207 (SAF448), colonies growing on mussel shell photographed in situ; f, Tenerodus pollex n. gen., n. sp. holotype, RMNH Coel. 40219 (SAF420), colonies photographed in situ; g, Tenerodus fallax, n. comb. RMNH Coel. 40217 (SAF383), pink color morph; h, Tenerodus fallax, n. comb. SAF015, purple and yellow color morphs." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1114515/files/figure.png" pageId="9" pageNumber="460">Fig. 5a</figureCitation>
|
||
). Brown in ethanol.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C339E5EB6C032873FF745E8AFE7E4D16" pageId="9" pageNumber="460" type="etymology">
|
||
<paragraph id="8B9CB6606C032873FF745E8AFE7E4D16" blockId="9.[151,1437,151,1437]" pageId="9" pageNumber="460">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9576A726C032873FF745E8AFED04D3B" bold="true" box="[199,326,764,789]" pageId="9" pageNumber="460">Etymology</emphasis>
|
||
. From the Latin
|
||
<emphasis id="B9576A726C032873FDB95E8BFDF14D3A" box="[522,615,765,788]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="460">spinatus</emphasis>
|
||
, crowned with thorns, denoting the large spindles that protrude through the surface of the polyparium.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C339E5EB6C032873FF745F32FB404BB2" pageId="9" pageNumber="460" type="discussion">
|
||
<paragraph id="8B9CB6606C032873FF745F32FB404BB2" blockId="9.[151,1437,151,1437]" pageId="9" pageNumber="460">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9576A726C032873FF745F32FEA24D73" bold="true" box="[199,308,836,861]" pageId="9" pageNumber="460">Remarks</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C23CDE36C032873FEF55F33FE464D72" authority="Mcfadden & Van Ofwegen, 2017" authorityName="Mcfadden & Van Ofwegen" authorityYear="2017" box="[326,464,837,860]" class="Anthozoa" family="Alcyoniidae" genus="Lampophyton" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Alcyonacea" pageId="9" pageNumber="460" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="spinatum" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9576A726C032873FEF55F33FE464D72" box="[326,464,837,860]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="460">L. spinatum</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A264D7096C032873FE685F32FD894D73" box="[475,543,836,861]" pageId="9" pageNumber="460" rank="species">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9576A726C032873FE685F32FD894D73" bold="true" box="[475,543,836,861]" pageId="9" pageNumber="460">n. sp.</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
is distinguished from
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C23CDE36C032873FC9E5F33FC2C4D73" baseAuthorityName="Williams" baseAuthorityYear="1986" box="[813,954,836,861]" class="Anthozoa" family="Alcyoniidae" genus="Lampophyton" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Alcyonacea" pageId="9" pageNumber="460" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="planiceps">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9576A726C032873FC9E5F33FC2C4D73" box="[813,954,836,861]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="460">L. planiceps</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
by the presence of large spindles in the polyparium. These sclerites are arranged longitudinally around the polyps, and the ends of some protrude from the polyparium surface and around the margins of the stalk (
|
||
<figureCitation id="1318AAE56C032873FCA95FFAFC1E4D8A" box="[794,904,908,933]" captionStart="FIGURE 3" captionStartId="7.[151,250,1910,1932]" captionTargetBox="[190,1384,193,1878]" captionTargetId="figure@7.[190,1384,193,1878]" captionTargetPageId="7" captionText="FIGURE 3. a, b: Lampophyton spinatum n. sp., holotype, RMNH Coel. 40198 (SAF164); b, close-up of polyparium surface and margin of stalk; c-e: Lampophyton spinatum n. sp., SAF125; d, lateral view of polyparium surface; e, top view of polyparium;f, g:Lampophyton planiceps RMNH Coel.40200 (SAF237),lateral view of polyparium and margin of stalk; g,top view of partially retracted polyparium.s = sclerites protruding through colony surface." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1114499/files/figure.png" pageId="9" pageNumber="460">Fig. 3a–e</figureCitation>
|
||
). In contrast,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C23CDE36C032873FB975FFBFB384D8B" baseAuthorityName="Williams" baseAuthorityYear="1986" box="[1060,1198,908,933]" class="Anthozoa" family="Alcyoniidae" genus="Lampophyton" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Alcyonacea" pageId="9" pageNumber="460" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="planiceps">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9576A726C032873FB975FFBFB384D8B" box="[1060,1198,908,933]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="460">L. planiceps</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
lacks sclerites in the polyparium, and no or very few sclerites protrude from the surface of the stalk (
|
||
<figureCitation id="1318AAE56C032873FBBE5FD9FBE14DE6" box="[1037,1143,943,968]" captionStart="FIGURE 3" captionStartId="7.[151,250,1910,1932]" captionTargetBox="[190,1384,193,1878]" captionTargetId="figure@7.[190,1384,193,1878]" captionTargetPageId="7" captionText="FIGURE 3. a, b: Lampophyton spinatum n. sp., holotype, RMNH Coel. 40198 (SAF164); b, close-up of polyparium surface and margin of stalk; c-e: Lampophyton spinatum n. sp., SAF125; d, lateral view of polyparium surface; e, top view of polyparium;f, g:Lampophyton planiceps RMNH Coel.40200 (SAF237),lateral view of polyparium and margin of stalk; g,top view of partially retracted polyparium.s = sclerites protruding through colony surface." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1114499/files/figure.png" pageId="9" pageNumber="460">Fig. 3f, g</figureCitation>
|
||
). The form of the spindles in the stalk is the same in the two species, but those of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C23CDE36C032873FD4F5FA3FC134DC3" baseAuthorityName="Williams" baseAuthorityYear="1986" box="[764,901,980,1005]" class="Anthozoa" family="Alcyoniidae" genus="Lampophyton" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Alcyonacea" pageId="9" pageNumber="460" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="planiceps">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9576A726C032873FD4F5FA3FC134DC3" box="[764,901,980,1005]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="460">L. planiceps</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
are on average longer and narrower (to
|
||
<quantity id="4CDB1B856C032873FAF45FA2FA0A4DC2" box="[1351,1436,980,1004]" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.0" pageId="9" pageNumber="460" unit="mm" value="0.2">0.2 mm</quantity>
|
||
wide) (
|
||
<figureCitation id="1318AAE56C032873FF565F81FEBC4A3E" box="[229,298,1015,1040]" captionStart="FIGURE 6" captionStartId="11.[151,250,1940,1962]" captionTargetBox="[184,1389,193,1894]" captionTargetId="figure@11.[184,1389,193,1894]" captionTargetPageId="11" captionText="FIGURE 6. Lampophyton planiceps RMNH Coel. 40201 (SAF239). a, sclerites from upper surface of stalk; b, tuberculate spindles and needles from base of stalk; c, details of tubercular ornamentation: top and middle, spindles of upper surface of stalk; bottom, spindles of base of stalk." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1114521/files/figure.png" pageId="9" pageNumber="460">Fig. 6</figureCitation>
|
||
). Williams (1986a) states that the polyparium of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C23CDE36C032873FCFF5F8FFC424A3E" baseAuthorityName="Williams" baseAuthorityYear="1986" box="[844,980,1015,1040]" class="Anthozoa" family="Alcyoniidae" genus="Lampophyton" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Alcyonacea" pageId="9" pageNumber="460" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="planiceps">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9576A726C032873FCFF5F8FFC424A3E" box="[844,980,1015,1040]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="460">L. planiceps</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
lacks sclerites “except in two specimens collected from
|
||
<collectingRegion id="49E778826C032873FEFE586BFE734A1A" box="[333,485,1052,1076]" country="South Africa" name="Eastern Cape" pageId="9" pageNumber="460">eastern Cape</collectingRegion>
|
||
” (SAM H-3713). It is likely, therefore, that the material he examined included individuals of both species, but his specimens were not available to us for examination. Whereas the polyparium of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C23CDE36C032873FF245813FEB44A53" baseAuthorityName="Williams" baseAuthorityYear="1986" box="[151,290,1124,1149]" class="Anthozoa" family="Alcyoniidae" genus="Lampophyton" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Alcyonacea" pageId="9" pageNumber="460" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="planiceps">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9576A726C032873FF245813FEB44A53" box="[151,290,1124,1149]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="460">L. planiceps</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
can be retracted completely, with the distal end of the stalk folding over to enclose the polyparium within,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C23CDE36C032873FF5E58FFFEE44A8E" authority="Mcfadden & Van Ofwegen, 2017" authorityName="Mcfadden & Van Ofwegen" authorityYear="2017" box="[237,370,1161,1184]" class="Anthozoa" family="Alcyoniidae" genus="Lampophyton" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Alcyonacea" pageId="9" pageNumber="460" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="spinatum" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9576A726C032873FF5E58FFFEE44A8E" box="[237,370,1161,1184]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="460">L. spinatum</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A264D7096C032873FECA58F1FE2E4A8E" box="[377,440,1159,1184]" pageId="9" pageNumber="460" rank="species">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9576A726C032873FECA58F1FE2E4A8E" bold="true" box="[377,440,1159,1184]" pageId="9" pageNumber="460">n. sp.</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
appears to be incapable of such retraction. All of the preserved specimens retain a vaseshaped form, and, although the polyps are fully or partially retracted, the surface of the polyparium remains visible and the distal margins of the stalk are not folded over it, as they are in the majority of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C23CDE36C032873FBE858A7FB724AC6" baseAuthorityName="Williams" baseAuthorityYear="1986" box="[1115,1252,1231,1256]" class="Anthozoa" family="Alcyoniidae" genus="Lampophyton" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Alcyonacea" pageId="9" pageNumber="460" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="planiceps">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9576A726C032873FBE858A7FB724AC6" box="[1115,1252,1231,1256]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="460">L. planiceps</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
specimens (
|
||
<figureCitation id="1318AAE56C032873FADD58B9FF404B22" captionStart="FIGURE 3" captionStartId="7.[151,250,1910,1932]" captionTargetBox="[190,1384,193,1878]" captionTargetId="figure@7.[190,1384,193,1878]" captionTargetPageId="7" captionText="FIGURE 3. a, b: Lampophyton spinatum n. sp., holotype, RMNH Coel. 40198 (SAF164); b, close-up of polyparium surface and margin of stalk; c-e: Lampophyton spinatum n. sp., SAF125; d, lateral view of polyparium surface; e, top view of polyparium;f, g:Lampophyton planiceps RMNH Coel.40200 (SAF237),lateral view of polyparium and margin of stalk; g,top view of partially retracted polyparium.s = sclerites protruding through colony surface." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1114499/files/figure.png" pageId="9" pageNumber="460">Fig. 3f, g</figureCitation>
|
||
). The morphological distinctions among these two very similar species are supported by molecular phylogenetic data. Individuals that have large sclerites protruding from the polyparium (
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C23CDE36C032873FBCC596FFA924B1E" authority="Mcfadden & Van Ofwegen, 2017" authorityName="Mcfadden & Van Ofwegen" authorityYear="2017" box="[1151,1284,1305,1328]" class="Anthozoa" family="Alcyoniidae" genus="Lampophyton" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Alcyonacea" pageId="9" pageNumber="460" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="spinatum" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9576A726C032873FBCC596FFA924B1E" box="[1151,1284,1305,1328]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="460">L. spinatum</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A264D7096C032873FABF5961FADA4B1E" box="[1292,1356,1303,1328]" pageId="9" pageNumber="460" rank="species">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9576A726C032873FABF5961FADA4B1E" bold="true" box="[1292,1356,1303,1328]" pageId="9" pageNumber="460">n. sp.</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
) differ from those that lack sclerites in the polyparium (
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C23CDE36C032873FD70594BFCDB4B7B" baseAuthorityName="Williams" baseAuthorityYear="1986" box="[707,845,1340,1365]" class="Anthozoa" family="Alcyoniidae" genus="Lampophyton" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Alcyonacea" pageId="9" pageNumber="460" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="planiceps">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9576A726C032873FD70594BFCDB4B7B" box="[707,845,1340,1365]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="460">L. planiceps</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
) at each of the loci we sequenced. Pairwise genetic distances (K2p) between the two species were 2.3% at
|
||
<emphasis id="B9576A726C032873FCA75916FCFD4B59" box="[788,875,1376,1399]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="460">mtMutS</emphasis>
|
||
, 1.0% at
|
||
<emphasis id="B9576A726C032873FC6F5916FB9A4B59" box="[988,1036,1376,1399]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="460">COI</emphasis>
|
||
and 1.6% at
|
||
<emphasis id="B9576A726C032873FB1B5916FA894B59" box="[1192,1311,1376,1400]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="460">28S rDNA</emphasis>
|
||
, all values greater than those typical of intraspecific differences in octocorals (McFadden
|
||
<emphasis id="B9576A726C032873FBBA59F3FBAF4BB3" box="[1033,1081,1412,1437]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="460">et al</emphasis>
|
||
. 2011, 2014).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |