156 lines
19 KiB
XML
156 lines
19 KiB
XML
<document ID-CLB-Dataset="22013" ID-DOI="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.934.49359" ID-GBIF-Dataset="99c6eb43-dc87-4106-82ed-1325f4df7b26" ID-PMC="PMC7250940" ID-Pensoft-Pub="1313-2970-934-25" ID-Pensoft-UUID="598339B5A93C5551BC575CD4048FC8D3" ID-PubMed="32508494" ID-ZooBank="B9F2C8D8C0314191B6F51E78D4D6881E" ModsDocID="1313-2970-934-25" checkinTime="1589939917447" checkinUser="pensoft" docAuthor="Smith, Rachel R. & Short, Andrew Edward Z." docDate="2020" docId="FF4A3DD33E52579A902CFE2273DE07F6" docLanguage="en" docName="ZooKeys 934: 25-79" docOrigin="ZooKeys 934" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.934.49359" docTitle="Chasmogenus cuspifer Smith & Short 2020, sp. nov." docType="treatment" docUuid="7CB1B53B-4F0F-47A3-8DEA-527F2B6054BA" docUuidSource="ZooBank" docVersion="6" id="598339B5A93C5551BC575CD4048FC8D3" lastPageNumber="25" masterDocId="598339B5A93C5551BC575CD4048FC8D3" masterDocTitle="Review of the genus Chasmogenus Sharp, 1882 of northeastern South America with an emphasis on Venezuela, Suriname, and Guyana (Coleoptera, Hydrophilidae, Acidocerinae)" masterLastPageNumber="79" masterPageNumber="25" pageNumber="25" updateTime="1732684861311" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
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<mods:mods id="4CEA2FBB3A6A91F2CEA20BBAB88E524E" xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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<mods:titleInfo id="C93BB861C8FA7207357B0094E219FA9F">
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<mods:title id="1BF4F247F0C7F07C36BEB1C2EAC4AF10">Review of the genus Chasmogenus Sharp, 1882 of northeastern South America with an emphasis on Venezuela, Suriname, and Guyana (Coleoptera, Hydrophilidae, Acidocerinae)</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:name id="0F8EFB7D6DAA224AAAC077FFE1F7DD58" type="personal">
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<mods:role id="DCFAE044DE40C0E46D312DC91F16F0BB">
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<mods:roleTerm id="86394CE05B84D87032432154C78FAA57">Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart id="753E0A0CE5203A647A5857B7BB77194D">Smith, Rachel R.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="61D2895404E70A02D87847A7E58E1E65">Department of Ecology & Evolutionary Biology, and Division of Entomology, Biodiversity Institute, University of Kansas, Lawrence, KS 66045, USA</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:nameIdentifier id="5E767AB14AD7267B314AEA49DEE0790F" type="email">rr.smith816@gmail.com</mods:nameIdentifier>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:name id="317561332A8D2CB8F1498104F16E75E3" type="personal">
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<mods:role id="CCB1608F522B490C7A68B747C87B7908">
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<mods:roleTerm id="CBD209DCC9F217513272D7AE887BC913">Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart id="5DDAC1E20B265E2EACC4A4099BBD315B">Short, Andrew Edward Z.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="E45A77AFC3FD8892633A00203C454CC6">Department of Ecology & Evolutionary Biology, and Division of Entomology, Biodiversity Institute, University of Kansas, Lawrence, KS 66045, USA</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:nameIdentifier id="DFBFC6672DAD5E975365073BA67A8C88" type="email">aezshort@ku.edu</mods:nameIdentifier>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:typeOfResource id="75724986B0D3A5629E7454D2EB91586D">text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:titleInfo id="6CC4CEBD95E07F1363DE90C86CB5528C">
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<mods:title id="C6F2542828D98443E770A5AD07A1E6E4">ZooKeys</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:part id="46A3D0B1731BF2C4F5CC81DCCE6AE498">
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<mods:date id="AE0A04FF61F3A2E5C7511685037E9C85">2020</mods:date>
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<mods:detail id="857A08CEDC7172F2C02F2BD5B4191730" type="volume">
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<mods:number id="03A25E9095A2A6E7CDAADD5E6B8B129D">934</mods:number>
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</mods:detail>
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<mods:extent id="325E6C1B14738C27C5E81538928E37BC" unit="page">
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<mods:start id="4437D5B4C6E248FAC3BDA853DED3E950">25</mods:start>
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<mods:end id="D3A6B54B5D2835CB5175B6E8D231A87A">79</mods:end>
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</mods:extent>
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</mods:part>
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</mods:relatedItem>
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<mods:location id="F2B36BBBB8F91C79F690BC020C2BAD47">
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<mods:url id="869DD6567422402265EF47831BA1FBDD">http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.934.49359</mods:url>
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</mods:location>
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<mods:classification id="6883072361021E511AF0B62B91EFF132">journal article</mods:classification>
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<mods:identifier id="294D3A8B6EBD7062AD5E5B8053CEFC64" type="DOI">http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.934.49359</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier id="244DA9550A23128E8553799687B4FC24" type="Pensoft-Pub">1313-2970-934-25</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier id="C15302376B971BF6E15D131E0C8981C3" type="ZooBank">B9F2C8D8C0314191B6F51E78D4D6881E</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier id="642ECA634187A19052871C3C16EE0DD6" type="Pensoft-UUID">598339B5A93C5551BC575CD4048FC8D3</mods:identifier>
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</mods:mods>
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<treatment id="FF4A3DD33E52579A902CFE2273DE07F6" ID-GBIF-Taxon="164241235" LSID="urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:7CB1B53B-4F0F-47A3-8DEA-527F2B6054BA" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/FF4A3DD33E52579A902CFE2273DE07F6" lastPageNumber="25" pageId="0" pageNumber="25" scope_family="Hydrophilidae" scope_order="Coleoptera" scope_subFamily="Acidocerinae">
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<subSubSection id="43F93844DFDCB8891F902F339B3839F6" pageId="0" pageNumber="25" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="AD2F2F4F83CF08C95120536883FF61F0" pageId="0" pageNumber="25">
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<taxonomicName id="D68088D01CD9ECA0B7DAF1A1469C89BA" ID-CoL="8XGFT" LSID="FF4A3DD3-3E52-579A-902C-FE2273DE07F6" authority="Smith & Short, 2020" authorityName="Smith & Short" authorityYear="2020" class="Insecta" family="Hydrophilidae" genus="Chasmogenus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Chasmogenus cuspifer" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="25" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="cuspifer" status="sp. nov.">Chasmogenus cuspifer</taxonomicName>
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<taxonomicNameLabel id="947F2B34B4C6764B9D19755F49113358" pageId="0" pageNumber="25">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
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<figureCitation id="E614ECA48BC1A5124E0761C36ACAA53C" captionStart="Figure 7" captionStartId="F7" captionText="Figure 7. Lateral view of mesoventrite. A C. bariorum B C. cuspifer. Scale bar: 0.10 mm." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.934.49359.figure7" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/411762" pageId="0" pageNumber="25">Figures 7B</figureCitation>
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<figureCitation id="8125063D2586214F301AB975A84ED1F1" captionStart="Figure 8" captionStartId="F8" captionText="Figure 8. Dorsal view of heads of Chasmogenus spp. A C. castaneus B C. australis C C. bariorum D C. cuspifer E C. flavomarginatus F C. lineatus." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.934.49359.figure8" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/411763" pageId="0" pageNumber="25">, 8D</figureCitation>
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<figureCitation id="60D50FD0174237A08689F7779DE1C07D" captionStart="Figure 12" captionStartId="F12" captionText="Figure 12. Aedeagi (dorsal view) of Chasmogenus spp. A C. castaneus B C. flavomarginatus C C. flavomarginatus D C. cuspifer E-I C. lineatus. Scale bar: 0.25 mm." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.934.49359.figure12" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/411767" pageId="0" pageNumber="25">, 12D</figureCitation>
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<figureCitation id="EE25C4052420B0DCC306729F2C9BBB8A" captionStart="Figure 17" captionStartId="F17" captionText="Figure 17. Distribution of Chasmogenus spp." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.934.49359.figure17" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/411772" pageId="0" pageNumber="25">, 17</figureCitation>
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<figureCitation id="B44328E50364372A8096759B074D6090" captionStart="Figure 19" captionStartId="F19" captionText="Figure 19. Habitat of Chasmogenus spp in the Andean region of Venezuela. A, B Type locality and habitat for C. bariorum, C. cuspifer, and C. castaneus, near El Tukuko, Rio Manantial collecting event VZ 09 - 0129 - 01 A) C habitat for C. bariorum and C. cuspifer, Henri Pittier National Park, Rio Cumboto (collecting event VZ 09 - 0104 - 02 B) D type locality and habitat for C. flavomarginatus, ca. 13 km NW of Baranitas (collecting event VZ 12 - 0124 - 02 B) E habitat for C. bariorum and C. lineatus, between San Juan and Dos Caminos, Rio San Antonio (collecting event VZ 09 - 0108 - 02 A) F habitat for C. bariorum and C. lineatus, near Arenales, Rio Salado (collecting event VZ 09 - 0122 - 01 X)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.934.49359.figure19" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/411774" pageId="0" pageNumber="25">, 19A-C</figureCitation>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="45253F634978F653ED46C722E586CC97" pageId="0" pageNumber="25" type="type material">
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<paragraph id="1645C6EC49B96115DD16BD83764E5B8D" pageId="0" pageNumber="25">Type material.</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8C8E802CE823AD9DE3CB7AF221395B4E" pageId="0" pageNumber="25">
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<emphasis id="85AEC09F5B2F0B611E957A2101DC47DD" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="25">Holotype (male)</emphasis>
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: "Venezuela: Zulia State/
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<geoCoordinate id="F1AF349BAEDF2E49B66230A934F942CC" degrees="9" direction="north" minutes="50.490" orientation="latitude" precision="1" value="9.8415">9°50.490'N</geoCoordinate>
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,
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<geoCoordinate id="E99A3C80D040C24ECA5639C6573AE25B" degrees="72" direction="west" minutes="49.310" orientation="longitude" precision="1" value="-72.82183">72°49.310'W</geoCoordinate>
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, 270 m/ Perija N.P. Tukuko:
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<normalizedToken id="A43A78644CEF894DF107D65DE888FC45" originalValue="Río">Rio</normalizedToken>
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Manantial/ 29.i.2009; Short,
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<normalizedToken id="F58589DF72C79AB0CF1090779AE66990" originalValue="García">Garcia</normalizedToken>
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, Camacho/VZ09-0129-01A: gravel margin"/ "[barcode]/SEMC0857741/ KUNHM-ENT", "HOLOTYPE/ CHASMOGENUS/
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<taxonomicName id="4CDA33FCB876C1055938CAC98AF239A9" authorityName="Smith & Short" authorityYear="2020" class="Insecta" family="Hydrophilidae" genus="Chasmogenus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="cuspifer" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="25" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="cuspifer">cuspifer</taxonomicName>
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sp. n./ des. Smith & Short" (MIZA).
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<emphasis id="9F80D2F9BABEEA0EFD1B695DA0660455" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="25">Paratypes (19): Venezuela: Aragua State</emphasis>
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: Henri Pittier National Park, Rio La Trilla,
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<geoCoordinate id="04767034D62A819E6A62CDD132C008EB" degrees="10.37319" direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="1" value="10.37319">10.37319N</geoCoordinate>
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,
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<geoCoordinate id="FC0B74ACA6CB24D45B62090C0B85831C" degrees="67.74250" direction="west" orientation="longitude" precision="1" value="-67.7425">67.74250W</geoCoordinate>
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, 295 m, 4.i.2009, leg. Short, Miller, Camacho and
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<normalizedToken id="04C58DBD0C553F6297EF5F02FBA16FF5" originalValue="García">Garcia</normalizedToken>
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, pools, VZ09-0104-01A (1 ex., SEMC, DNA Voucher SLE532).
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<emphasis id="88AE0E6849D0F882402CECDC515D08F8" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="25">Zulia State</emphasis>
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: Perija National Park, Tukuko: Rio Manantial,
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<geoCoordinate id="12C2E2F7B2BD83B6F4F340A56E709676" degrees="9" direction="north" minutes="50.490" orientation="latitude" precision="1" value="9.8415">9°50.490'N</geoCoordinate>
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,
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<geoCoordinate id="1749631C13F25DE660C4C4D83A85F87F" degrees="72" direction="west" minutes="49.310" orientation="longitude" precision="1" value="-72.82183">72°49.310'W</geoCoordinate>
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, 270 m, 29.i.2009, leg. Short,
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<normalizedToken id="82E74E719B30758E2C8E9019E0EDC6E5" originalValue="García">Garcia</normalizedToken>
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and Camacho, gravel margin, VZ09-0129-01A (11 exs., MIZA, SEMC, including DNA Voucher SLE533); same data as previous except: 16.vii.2008, leg. A. Short, margins and pools, AS-08-027 (2 exs., SEMC); same data as previous except: 22.ix.2007, rock pools/margin, leg. A. E. Z. Short, AS-07-020b (3 exs., SEMC); Perija National Park Toromo,
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<geoCoordinate id="C3B76A8FBFA45C6405D559DF22741B07" degrees="10" direction="north" minutes="03.058" orientation="latitude" precision="1" value="10.050966">10°03.058'N</geoCoordinate>
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,
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<geoCoordinate id="83EC1F4B853049B9DE17B6DFE3DD9698" degrees="72" direction="west" minutes="42.974" orientation="longitude" precision="1" value="-72.71623">72°42.974'W</geoCoordinate>
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, 435 m, 31.xii.2005, leg. A. E. Z. Short, small stream and seep, AS-06-001 (1 ex., SEMC), same data as previous except: 28.i.2009, leg. A. Short, detrital pool, VZ09-0128-01A (1 ex., SEMC).
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="FBC33AC1C673B28D56E6223704E1E637" pageId="0" pageNumber="25" type="differential diagnosis">
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<paragraph id="2D15B4326011763B97D9EE16608D4312" pageId="0" pageNumber="25">Differential diagnosis.</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="EA8A405A86F620D78CBDB2C2FF1AB701" pageId="0" pageNumber="25">
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See differential diagnosis for
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<taxonomicName id="F4696178F58E9FC93DB1B1C2C9100067" authorityName="Garcia" authorityYear="2000" class="Insecta" family="Hydrophilidae" genus="Chasmogenus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Chasmogenus bariorum" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="25" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="bariorum">
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<emphasis id="D81B761864FA06118A4D23BB94956BD3" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="25">Chasmogenus bariorum</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="4FE4F965B016BCA770D55731D435339D" pageId="0" pageNumber="25" type="description">
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<paragraph id="B42B2AE91A0AAE1E075C4FFAF63DB780" pageId="0" pageNumber="25">Description.</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8270516E11C1DAA0353F3A7D5BB8396B" pageId="0" pageNumber="25">
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<emphasis id="ED8B6B03533400BF84366018315A3F29" bold="true" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="25">Size and color.</emphasis>
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Total body length 3.0-3.2 mm. Body form elongate oval with slightly curved lateral margins. Dorsum of head very dark brown to black, anterior margin of labrum slightly paler in color (Fig.
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<figureCitation id="AD19CE206EF9DD4309B6B34A983740C7" captionStart="Figure 8" captionStartId="F8" captionText="Figure 8. Dorsal view of heads of Chasmogenus spp. A C. castaneus B C. australis C C. bariorum D C. cuspifer E C. flavomarginatus F C. lineatus." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.934.49359.figure8" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/411763" pageId="0" pageNumber="25">8D</figureCitation>
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). Pronotum dark brown, distinctly paler at lateral margins; elytra dark brown. Venter dark red-brown mesally, dark brown marginally.
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<emphasis id="01A11731A962B160110C5E9E7D62F8D5" bold="true" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="25">Head.</emphasis>
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Ground punctation on head fine. Clypeus with anteromedial emargination, which exposes a small angulate gap between clypeus and labrum (Fig.
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<figureCitation id="D6FAF990CE44AA891568BF201010F135" captionStart="Figure 8" captionStartId="F8" captionText="Figure 8. Dorsal view of heads of Chasmogenus spp. A C. castaneus B C. australis C C. bariorum D C. cuspifer E C. flavomarginatus F C. lineatus." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.934.49359.figure8" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/411763" pageId="0" pageNumber="25">8D</figureCitation>
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). Mentum very weakly depressed in anterior half with widely rounded anteromedial notch followed by rounded elevated ridge just posterior of the notch. Maxillary palps long, longer than width of head immediately posterior to eyes.
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<emphasis id="882D5EA16886CE38903B133BD27E4FD6" bold="true" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="25">Thorax.</emphasis>
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Ground punctation of pronotum fine. Prosternum tectiform. Mesoventrite with strong elevation forming an acute tooth posteromedially (Fig.
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<figureCitation id="B2EFD0C15DAEE5398AAC732E5B9B135C" captionStart="Figure 7" captionStartId="F7" captionText="Figure 7. Lateral view of mesoventrite. A C. bariorum B C. cuspifer. Scale bar: 0.10 mm." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.934.49359.figure7" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/411762" pageId="0" pageNumber="25">7B</figureCitation>
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). Metafemora densely pubescent in basal four-fifths.
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<emphasis id="6D2EC3EF830068CBB4FA0E233DB040B6" bold="true" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="25">Aedeagus.</emphasis>
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Aedeagus (Fig.
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<figureCitation id="B88FB41E39A95E4CDD6E4B3B867F34F6" captionStart="Figure 12" captionStartId="F12" captionText="Figure 12. Aedeagi (dorsal view) of Chasmogenus spp. A C. castaneus B C. flavomarginatus C C. flavomarginatus D C. cuspifer E-I C. lineatus. Scale bar: 0.25 mm." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.934.49359.figure12" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/411767" pageId="0" pageNumber="25">12D</figureCitation>
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) with median lobe subtriangular in shape, widest at base and gradually tapering along entire length; apex acute, which extends to the same level as the inner cusp of the parameres. Sclerite of the median lobe not expanded. Gonopore situated slightly less than one gonopore width below the apex of the median lobe. Parameres symmetrical, with outer margins slightly curved along entire length, appearing weakly convex; apex bifid, with outer lobe slightly more elevated than inner lobe; inner lobe much narrower than outer lobe. Basal piece very long, distinctly longer than the length of the parameres.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="DFABFD5EA83D16F321C793356CC805FF" pageId="0" pageNumber="25" type="etymology">
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<paragraph id="0AF532FC49D402A949A27C082FE5C2D8" pageId="0" pageNumber="25">Etymology.</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="41035CFB89C6BDEEE99FAA6BEC33D60B" pageId="0" pageNumber="25">
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The species name is derived from the Latin
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<emphasis id="030CB02558E51522B3FD81935CD6E0C8" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="25">cuspis</emphasis>
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, meaning
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<normalizedToken id="C59A999D97544740413664E69F116E34" originalValue="“pointed”">"pointed"</normalizedToken>
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, after the toothed mesoventral carina.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="6B916C923CEF3896880707892B8DD57A" pageId="0" pageNumber="25" type="distribution">
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<paragraph id="695D25D18D53A417D6B1F72062802E09" pageId="0" pageNumber="25">Distribution.</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="196E85494BFD2D7FBD991A707E581891" pageId="0" pageNumber="25">
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This species is known from stream habitats in the
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<normalizedToken id="6117B29DDCA7A9AFA3D90C9796B29345" originalValue="Perijá">Perija</normalizedToken>
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and the Coastal Mountains of Venezuela (Fig.
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<figureCitation id="498D2DF381F2CE2474D8C2FF6BFE5967" captionStart="Figure 17" captionStartId="F17" captionText="Figure 17. Distribution of Chasmogenus spp." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.934.49359.figure17" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/411772" pageId="0" pageNumber="25">17</figureCitation>
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).
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="DC9986A868D0A3280F3EF6E9F2E0CDB3" pageId="0" pageNumber="25" type="biology_ecology">
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<paragraph id="20DAD674F3A3511017FCB4BEA994EE00" pageId="0" pageNumber="25">Biology.</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="27E24CCF7A916F244BCD81E698286C83" pageId="0" pageNumber="25">
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All specimens were collected in the margins of forested stream habitats, typically with gravel margins (Fig.
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<figureCitation id="D6C0459B6648DF73871751BA18900F01" captionStart="Figure 19" captionStartId="F19" captionText="Figure 19. Habitat of Chasmogenus spp in the Andean region of Venezuela. A, B Type locality and habitat for C. bariorum, C. cuspifer, and C. castaneus, near El Tukuko, Rio Manantial collecting event VZ 09 - 0129 - 01 A) C habitat for C. bariorum and C. cuspifer, Henri Pittier National Park, Rio Cumboto (collecting event VZ 09 - 0104 - 02 B) D type locality and habitat for C. flavomarginatus, ca. 13 km NW of Baranitas (collecting event VZ 12 - 0124 - 02 B) E habitat for C. bariorum and C. lineatus, between San Juan and Dos Caminos, Rio San Antonio (collecting event VZ 09 - 0108 - 02 A) F habitat for C. bariorum and C. lineatus, near Arenales, Rio Salado (collecting event VZ 09 - 0122 - 01 X)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.934.49359.figure19" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/411774" pageId="0" pageNumber="25">19C</figureCitation>
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).
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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</treatment>
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</document> |