302 lines
33 KiB
XML
302 lines
33 KiB
XML
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<mods:title id="64D6CA4F8DC61914DB95992A73CF0863">Taxonomy of the super-cryptic Hyperolius nasutus group of long reed frogs of Africa (Anura: Hyperoliidae), with descriptions of six new species</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="78A0C1DE024D54F0429279AB44F9BCED">Channing, A.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="6EF75F3E762C37BA65EDB85B6280DB9D">Lötters, S.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="979C97A0C534B8350857DA1A060F9C94">Rödel, O.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="F976345AB647DF8FEFD1A05D13A78A5C">Schick, S.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="4AB7F55194449B8D788904C32B9D3CA8">Conradie, W.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="7AEA96E21FF39C89ECF32DE7DDFF1E7E">Rödder, D.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="C48CAC74CC2DAF58D70021153F5F443D">Wagner, P.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="93A52C0B5708B025765D34F8AA956A9A">Dehling, J. M.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="C1652ADB4000965CDBA9C5502F949EA8">Du Preez, L. H.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="A4BA4AD69B20198328B0A79F2F2A0ED2">Kielgast, J.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="77ED5942C1306F2175A7E0DFA3D184E4">Burger, M.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:date id="173ABFC12A0BA9E40724799ED470A3ED">2013</mods:date>
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<mods:number id="FC715D8C54D700332291629946442DD1">3620</mods:number>
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<mods:classification id="1F4ADA157E1C9D39B945EFEA60982D9F">journal article</mods:classification>
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<mods:identifier id="8338B18207A9217C7E8A65E7A4A8FE0C" type="DOI">10.11646/zootaxa.3620.3.1</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier id="8ACBF6D7AF34EA56973818283FE0277C" type="Zenodo-Dep">215983</mods:identifier>
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<treatment id="E5775E59FFEBFF8AF8856B18F994316D" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6154944" ID-GBIF-Taxon="119560977" ID-Zenodo-Dep="6154944" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:E5775E59FFEBFF8AF8856B18F994316D" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/E5775E59FFEBFF8AF8856B18F994316D" lastPageId="40" lastPageNumber="341" pageId="38" pageNumber="339">
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<subSubSection id="25C4BCC4FFEBFF84F8856B18FAA43553" pageId="38" pageNumber="339" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="6D61EF4FFFEBFF84F8856B18F855352E" blockId="38.[151,538,1538,1633]" box="[151,538,1538,1564]" pageId="38" pageNumber="339">
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<heading id="36295823FFEBFF84F8856B18F855352E" bold="true" box="[151,538,1538,1564]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="38" pageNumber="339" reason="1">
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<taxonomicName id="AADE94CCFFEBFF84F8856B18F855352E" ID-CoL="3NR2P" authority="Schiotz, 1975" authorityName="Schiotz" authorityYear="1975" box="[151,538,1538,1564]" class="Amphibia" family="Hyperoliidae" genus="Hyperolius" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="38" pageNumber="339" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="viridis">
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<emphasis id="5FAA335DFFEBFF84F8856B18F855352E" bold="true" box="[151,538,1538,1564]" pageId="38" pageNumber="339">
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<emphasis id="5FAA335DFFEBFF84F8856B18FB20352E" bold="true" box="[151,367,1538,1564]" italics="true" pageId="38" pageNumber="339">Hyperolius viridis</emphasis>
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Schiøtz, 1975
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</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="6D61EF4FFFEBFF84F8856B3FFAA43553" blockId="38.[151,538,1538,1633]" pageId="38" pageNumber="339">
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Robust Long Reed Frog (
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<figureCitation id="F5E5F3CAFFEBFF84F88D6B53FAAC3553" box="[159,227,1609,1633]" captionStart="FIGURE 9" captionStartId="20.[151,250,1703,1726]" captionTargetBox="[153,1434,193,1681]" captionTargetId="figure@20.[153,1434,193,1682]" captionTargetPageId="20" captionText="FIGURE 9 Hyperolius nasutus, Calandula, Angola, ZMB 77311, photo A. Channing (A); Hyperolius poweri, Mkambati NR, South Africa, photo W. Conradie (B); Hyperolius rwandae sp. nov., Butare, Rwanda, ZMB 77221, holotype, photo J. M. Dehling (C); Hyperolius viridis, Kaningina, Malawi, photo V. Mercurio (D), Hyperolius rwandae sp. nov, female paratype ZMB 77223, photo J. M Dehling (E), Hyperolius dartevellei, Carumbo, Angola, PEM A 10035, photo W. Conradie (F)." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/215992/files/figure.png" pageId="38" pageNumber="339">Fig. 9</figureCitation>
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)
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="25C4BCC4FFEBFF84F8856B8AFB1735FF" pageId="38" pageNumber="339" type="materials_examined">
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<paragraph id="6D61EF4FFFEBFF84F8856B8AFB1735FF" blockId="38.[151,1436,1680,2029]" pageId="38" pageNumber="339">
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<emphasis id="5FAA335DFFEBFF84F8856B8AFB2C359B" bold="true" box="[151,355,1680,1705]" pageId="38" pageNumber="339">Genetic material</emphasis>
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. ZMB 76096 (Vintukutu Forest Reserve,
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<collectingCountry id="15C9AFDFFFEBFF84FB416B8BF9E1359B" box="[851,942,1681,1705]" name="Malawi" pageId="38" pageNumber="339">Malawi</collectingCountry>
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); ZMB 76102 (Kaningina Forest Reserve,
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<collectingCountry id="15C9AFDFFFEBFF84F8856BAFFAA135FF" box="[151,238,1717,1741]" name="Malawi" pageId="38" pageNumber="339">Malawi</collectingCountry>
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) (
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<figureCitation id="F5E5F3CAFFEBFF84F9176BAFFB0935FF" box="[261,326,1717,1741]" captionStart="FIGURE 1" captionStartId="4.[151,250,1838,1861]" captionTargetBox="[170,1406,1021,1787]" captionTargetId="figure@4.[151,1436,985,1817]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="FIGURE 1. Map showing the distribution of the sequenced specimens of recognised species in the Hyperolius nasutus group plus H. lamottei. Species numbers represent the following: 1 — H. acuticeps, 2 — H. adspersus, 3 — H. benguellensis, 4 — H. friedemanni sp. nov., 5 — H. howelli sp. nov., 6 — H. igbettensis, 7 — H. inyangae sp. nov., 8 — H. jacobseni sp. nov., 9 — H. lamottei, 10 — H. lupiroensis sp. nov., 11 — H. nasutus, 12 — H. poweri, 13 — H. rwandae sp. nov., 14 — H. dartevellei, 15 — H. viridis, 16 — H. nasicus." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/215984/files/figure.png" pageId="38" pageNumber="339">Fig. 1</figureCitation>
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).
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="25C4BCC4FFEBFF85F8DB6BC2FB0B32B5" lastPageId="39" lastPageNumber="340" pageId="38" pageNumber="339" type="diagnosis">
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<paragraph id="6D61EF4FFFEBFF85F8DB6BC2FB0B32B5" blockId="38.[151,1436,1680,2029]" lastBlockId="39.[151,1436,151,391]" lastPageId="39" lastPageNumber="340" pageId="38" pageNumber="339">
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<emphasis id="5FAA335DFFEBFF84F8DB6BC2FB7335C3" bold="true" box="[201,316,1752,1777]" pageId="38" pageNumber="339">Diagnosis</emphasis>
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. The advertisement call (
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<figureCitation id="F5E5F3CAFFEBFF84FA486BC3F8E335C3" box="[602,684,1753,1777]" captionStart="FIGURE 15" captionStartId="39.[151,250,1186,1209]" captionText="FIGURE 15. Advertisement call of H. viridis Sumbawanga (A. Schiøtz)" pageId="38" pageNumber="339">Fig. 15</figureCitation>
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) consists of a brief initial note consisting of 26 pulses followed by five slower pulses, with a duration of
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<geoCoordinate id="08EA8988FFEBFF84FA2F6BE7F8CD3427" box="[573,642,1789,1813]" direction="south" orientation="latitude" pageId="38" pageNumber="339" precision="555" value="-0.41">0.41 s</geoCoordinate>
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. It can be distinguished from species producing only a single note, and those producing only a buzz:
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<emphasis id="5FAA335DFFEBFF84F9E56A38FAA3346F" italics="true" pageId="38" pageNumber="339">
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<taxonomicName id="AADE94CCFFEBFF84F9E56A38F8C6340B" box="[503,649,1826,1849]" class="Amphibia" family="Hyperoliidae" genus="Hyperolius" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="38" pageNumber="339" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="acuticeps">H. acuticeps</taxonomicName>
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,
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<taxonomicName id="AADE94CCFFEBFF84FA8B6A38F97C340B" box="[665,819,1825,1849]" class="Amphibia" family="Hyperoliidae" genus="Hyperolius" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="38" pageNumber="339" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="adspersus">H. adspersus</taxonomicName>
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,
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<taxonomicName id="AADE94CCFFEBFF84FB506A38F9AC340B" box="[834,995,1825,1849]" class="Amphibia" family="Hyperoliidae" genus="Hyperolius" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="38" pageNumber="339" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="dartevellei">H. dartevellei</taxonomicName>
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,
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<taxonomicName id="AADE94CCFFEBFF84FBE16A38FEC7340B" box="[1011,1160,1825,1849]" class="Amphibia" family="Hyperoliidae" genus="Hyperolius" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="38" pageNumber="339" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="jacobseni">H. jacobseni</taxonomicName>
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,
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<taxonomicName id="AADE94CCFFEBFF84FC856A38FF73340B" box="[1175,1340,1825,1849]" class="Amphibia" family="Hyperoliidae" genus="Hyperolius" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="38" pageNumber="339" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="lupiroensis">H. lupiroensis</taxonomicName>
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, and
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<taxonomicName id="AADE94CCFFEBFF84FD936A38FAA3346F" class="Amphibia" family="Hyperoliidae" genus="Hyperolius" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="38" pageNumber="339" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="nasutus">H. nasutus</taxonomicName>
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</emphasis>
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. It can be distinguished from the other species producing a two-part call, which have a duration less than
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<geoCoordinate id="08EA8988FFEBFF84F8856A73FA9C34B3" box="[151,211,1897,1921]" direction="south" orientation="latitude" pageId="38" pageNumber="339" precision="5555" value="-0.4">0.4 s</geoCoordinate>
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:
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<emphasis id="5FAA335DFFEBFF84F8F16A70F9BA34B3" box="[227,1013,1897,1921]" italics="true" pageId="38" pageNumber="339">
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||
<taxonomicName id="AADE94CCFFEBFF84F8F16A70FBDB34B3" box="[227,404,1897,1921]" class="Amphibia" family="Hyperoliidae" genus="Hyperolius" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="38" pageNumber="339" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="friedemanni">H. friedemanni</taxonomicName>
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,
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<taxonomicName id="AADE94CCFFEBFF84F9B16A70F85034B3" box="[419,543,1897,1921]" class="Amphibia" family="Hyperoliidae" genus="Hyperolius" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="38" pageNumber="339" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="howelli">H. howelli</taxonomicName>
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,
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<taxonomicName id="AADE94CCFFEBFF84FA3D6A70F89F34B3" box="[559,720,1897,1921]" class="Amphibia" family="Hyperoliidae" genus="Hyperolius" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="38" pageNumber="339" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="igbettensis">H. igbettensis</taxonomicName>
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,
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<taxonomicName id="AADE94CCFFEBFF84FAF26A70F93F34B3" box="[736,880,1898,1921]" class="Amphibia" family="Hyperoliidae" genus="Hyperolius" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="38" pageNumber="339" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="inyangae">H. inyangae</taxonomicName>
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,
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<taxonomicName id="AADE94CCFFEBFF84FB926A70F9BA34B3" box="[896,1013,1898,1921]" class="Amphibia" family="Hyperoliidae" genus="Hyperolius" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="38" pageNumber="339" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="poweri">H. poweri</taxonomicName>
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</emphasis>
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and
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<taxonomicName id="AADE94CCFFEBFF84FC216A70FEF334B3" box="[1075,1212,1897,1921]" class="Amphibia" family="Hyperoliidae" genus="Hyperolius" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="38" pageNumber="339" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="rwandae">
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<emphasis id="5FAA335DFFEBFF84FC216A70FEF334B3" box="[1075,1212,1897,1921]" italics="true" pageId="38" pageNumber="339">H. rwandae</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. It differs from
|
||
<taxonomicName id="AADE94CCFFEBFF84FD936A70FB603497" class="Amphibia" family="Hyperoliidae" genus="Hyperolius" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="38" pageNumber="339" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="benguellensis">
|
||
<emphasis id="5FAA335DFFEBFF84FD936A70FB603497" italics="true" pageId="38" pageNumber="339">H. benguellensis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
which only has five pulses in the initial note. See Table 3 for a summary of call parameters. The snout is bluntly rounded, distinguishing it from those with truncated, shark-like or sharply rounded snouts:
|
||
<emphasis id="5FAA335DFFEBFF84FD936AA8FFD334DF" italics="true" pageId="38" pageNumber="339">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="AADE94CCFFEBFF84FD936AA8FB4B34DF" class="Amphibia" family="Hyperoliidae" genus="Hyperolius" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="38" pageNumber="339" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="acuticeps">H. acuticeps</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="AADE94CCFFEBFF84F9036ACCFB9E34DF" box="[273,465,2005,2029]" class="Amphibia" family="Hyperoliidae" genus="Hyperolius" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="38" pageNumber="339" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="benguellensis">H. benguellensis</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="AADE94CCFFEBFF84F9CD6ACCF83234DF" box="[479,637,2005,2029]" class="Amphibia" family="Hyperoliidae" genus="Hyperolius" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="38" pageNumber="339" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="dartevellei">H. dartevellei</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="AADE94CCFFEBFF84FA996ACCF97534DF" box="[651,826,2005,2029]" class="Amphibia" family="Hyperoliidae" genus="Hyperolius" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="38" pageNumber="339" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="friedemanni">H. friedemanni</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="AADE94CCFFEBFF84FB556ACCF98E34DF" box="[839,961,2005,2029]" class="Amphibia" family="Hyperoliidae" genus="Hyperolius" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="38" pageNumber="339" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="howelli">H. howelli</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="AADE94CCFFEBFF84FBDD6ACCFE1334DF" box="[975,1116,2006,2029]" class="Amphibia" family="Hyperoliidae" genus="Hyperolius" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="38" pageNumber="339" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="inyangae">H. inyangae</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="AADE94CCFFEBFF84FC786ACCFF4234DF" box="[1130,1293,2005,2029]" class="Amphibia" family="Hyperoliidae" genus="Hyperolius" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="38" pageNumber="339" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="lupiroensis">H. lupiroensis</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="AADE94CCFFEBFF84FD096ACCFFD734DF" box="[1307,1432,2006,2029]" class="Amphibia" family="Hyperoliidae" genus="Hyperolius" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="38" pageNumber="339" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="nasutus">H. nasutus</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="AADE94CCFFEAFF85F8D46D83FB043382" box="[198,331,152,176]" class="Amphibia" family="Hyperoliidae" genus="Hyperolius" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="39" pageNumber="340" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="rwandae">
|
||
<emphasis id="5FAA335DFFEAFF85F8D46D83FB043382" box="[198,331,152,176]" italics="true" pageId="39" pageNumber="340">H. rwandae</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. The webbing has one phalanx free on the first to third toes, just more than one free on the fourth toe, and half a phalanx free on the fifth toe. It can be distinguished from the species that are webbed to the disc on the fifth toe:
|
||
<taxonomicName id="AADE94CCFFEAFF85F9276DFBFB8333CA" box="[309,460,224,248]" class="Amphibia" family="Hyperoliidae" genus="Hyperolius" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="39" pageNumber="340" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="adspersus">
|
||
<emphasis id="5FAA335DFFEAFF85F9276DFBFB8333CA" box="[309,460,224,248]" italics="true" pageId="39" pageNumber="340">H. adspersus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<emphasis id="5FAA335DFFEAFF85F9CC6DFBFEFA33CA" box="[478,1205,224,248]" italics="true" pageId="39" pageNumber="340">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="AADE94CCFFEAFF85F9CC6DFBF8C033CA" box="[478,655,224,248]" class="Amphibia" family="Hyperoliidae" genus="Hyperolius" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="39" pageNumber="340" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="friedemanni">H. friedemanni</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="AADE94CCFFEAFF85FA8C6DFBF97C33CA" box="[670,819,224,248]" class="Amphibia" family="Hyperoliidae" genus="Hyperolius" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="39" pageNumber="340" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="jacobseni">H. jacobseni</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="AADE94CCFFEAFF85FB516DFBF9A833CA" box="[835,999,224,248]" class="Amphibia" family="Hyperoliidae" genus="Hyperolius" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="39" pageNumber="340" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="lupiroensis">H. lupiroensis</taxonomicName>
|
||
, and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="AADE94CCFFEAFF85FC3E6DFBFEFA33CA" box="[1068,1205,224,248]" class="Amphibia" family="Hyperoliidae" genus="Hyperolius" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="39" pageNumber="340" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="rwandae">H. rwandae</taxonomicName>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
. It differs from the species that have more than half a phalanx free of web on the fifth toe:
|
||
<emphasis id="5FAA335DFFEAFF85FC1A6C1FFBD73272" italics="true" pageId="39" pageNumber="340">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="AADE94CCFFEAFF85FC1A6C1FFED3322E" box="[1032,1180,261,284]" class="Amphibia" family="Hyperoliidae" genus="Hyperolius" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="39" pageNumber="340" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="acuticeps">H. acuticeps</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="AADE94CCFFEAFF85FCBF6C1FFF3F322E" box="[1197,1392,260,284]" class="Amphibia" family="Hyperoliidae" genus="Hyperolius" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="39" pageNumber="340" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="benguellensis">H. benguellensis</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="AADE94CCFFEAFF85FD936C1FFB5E3272" class="Amphibia" family="Hyperoliidae" genus="Hyperolius" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="39" pageNumber="340" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="dartevellei">H. dartevellei</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="AADE94CCFFEAFF85F90F6C33FBDB3272" box="[285,404,296,320]" class="Amphibia" family="Hyperoliidae" genus="Hyperolius" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="39" pageNumber="340" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="howelli">H. howelli</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="AADE94CCFFEAFF85F9C26C33F8163272" box="[464,601,297,320]" class="Amphibia" family="Hyperoliidae" genus="Hyperolius" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="39" pageNumber="340" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="inyangae">
|
||
<emphasis id="5FAA335DFFEAFF85F9C26C33F8163272" box="[464,601,297,320]" italics="true" pageId="39" pageNumber="340">H. inyangae</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. It can be distinguished from the remaining species that are webbed to the disc on the third or fourth toes:
|
||
<taxonomicName id="AADE94CCFFEAFF85FA066C57F8E53256" box="[532,682,332,356]" class="Amphibia" family="Hyperoliidae" genus="Hyperolius" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="39" pageNumber="340" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="adspersus">
|
||
<emphasis id="5FAA335DFFEAFF85FA066C57F8E53256" box="[532,682,332,356]" italics="true" pageId="39" pageNumber="340">H. adspersus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="AADE94CCFFEAFF85FAFA6C57F92C3256" box="[744,867,333,356]" class="Amphibia" family="Hyperoliidae" genus="Hyperolius" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="39" pageNumber="340" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="nasutus">
|
||
<emphasis id="5FAA335DFFEAFF85FAFA6C57F92C3256" box="[744,867,333,356]" italics="true" pageId="39" pageNumber="340">H. nasutus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. Our specimens show the stocky build noted by Schiøtz (1975).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<caption id="39A1BFC7FFEAFF85F88569B8F937378B" box="[151,888,1186,1209]" pageId="39" pageNumber="340">
|
||
<paragraph id="6D61EF4FFFEAFF85F88569B8F937378B" blockId="39.[151,888,1186,1209]" box="[151,888,1186,1209]" pageId="39" pageNumber="340">
|
||
<emphasis id="5FAA335DFFEAFF85F88569B8FB50378A" bold="true" box="[151,287,1186,1209]" pageId="39" pageNumber="340">FIGURE 15.</emphasis>
|
||
Advertisement call of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="AADE94CCFFEAFF85FA1569BEF937378B" authority="Sumbawanga (A. Schiotz)" authorityName="Sumbawanga (A. Schiotz" box="[519,888,1187,1209]" class="Amphibia" family="Hyperoliidae" genus="Hyperolius" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="39" pageNumber="340" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="viridis">
|
||
<emphasis id="5FAA335DFFEAFF85FA1569BEF828378B" box="[519,615,1187,1209]" italics="true" pageId="39" pageNumber="340">H. viridis</emphasis>
|
||
Sumbawanga (A. Schiøtz)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<subSubSection id="25C4BCC4FFEAFF8AF8DB69FAF86A3125" lastPageId="40" lastPageNumber="341" pageId="39" pageNumber="340" type="description">
|
||
<paragraph id="6D61EF4FFFEAFF85F8DB69FAF94F35C2" blockId="39.[151,1437,1248,2028]" pageId="39" pageNumber="340">
|
||
<emphasis id="5FAA335DFFEAFF85F8DB69FAF8CD37CB" bold="true" box="[201,642,1248,1273]" pageId="39" pageNumber="340">Description of a Vintukutu specimen</emphasis>
|
||
. An adult male ZMB 76096, from Vintukutu Forest Reserve,
|
||
<collectingCountry id="15C9AFDFFFEAFF85FD2D69FAFFD737CA" box="[1343,1432,1248,1272]" name="Malawi" pageId="39" pageNumber="340">Malawi</collectingCountry>
|
||
. Body short and compact, widest at mid-body, tapering to head and neck; head very small (HL/SUL 0.22, HW/SUL 0.34), narrower than mid part of trunk, wider than long (HL/HW 0.64); snout short (SL/HL 0.59), suboivoid in dorsal view, almost truncate in profile (
|
||
<figureCitation id="F5E5F3CAFFEAFF85FA466856F8D63656" box="[596,665,1356,1380]" captionStart="FIGURE 6" captionStartId="14.[151,250,1961,1984]" captionTargetBox="[175,1394,193,1914]" captionTargetId="figure@14.[175,1394,193,1916]" captionTargetPageId="14" captionText="FIGURE 6. Snout profiles of representatives of the species in the Hyperolius nasutus group." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/215989/files/figure.png" pageId="39" pageNumber="340">Fig. 6</figureCitation>
|
||
), only slightly protruding beyond lower jaw, almost as long as wide (SL/EE 0.96); canthus rostralis distinct, rounded, slightly concave between eye to nostril, slightly convex near tip of snout; loreal region almost vertical, slightly concave; nostril directed dorsolaterally; situated closer to tip of snout than to eye (EN/NS 1.18), separated from each other by distance equal to distance between eye and nostril (NN/EN 0.94); eyes directed anterolaterally, moderately protruding, relatively large (ED/HL 0.59); eye diameter equal to snout length(ED/SL 1.0); interorbital distance much narrower than upper eyelid (IO/EW 0.36), but greater than internarial distance (IO/NN 1.3); tympanum not visible externally; upper jaw with dentition; choanae small, round, located far anterolaterally at margins of roof of the mouth, completely concealed by upper jaw in ventral view; vomer processes and teeth absent; tongue slightly longer than wide (2.1), free for about three-fourths of length, bifurcated distally for about one-fourth of length; median lingual process absent; vocal sac single, median, subgular,; The gular flap is large (almost completely covering the throat), glandular and wider (4.7) than long (4.1), white in preservative with many minute melanophores.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="6D61EF4FFFEAFF85F8DB6BE6F83F340A" blockId="39.[151,1437,1248,2028]" pageId="39" pageNumber="340">The skin of the dorsum and upper limbs appears smooth, finely granular under dissecting microscope; flat granular belly; supratympanic fold absent.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="6D61EF4FFFEAFF85F8DB6A5FFB1834DE" blockId="39.[151,1437,1248,2028]" pageId="39" pageNumber="340">Fore limbs slender; hand small (HND/SUL 0.19); tips of fingers enlarged into broad oval disks, each with circummarginal groove; relative length of fingers: I<II<IV<III; subarticular tubercles rounded, well developed, with one on fingers I and II, two on fingers III and IV; only basal webbing between fingers; thenar tubercle oval and prominent; palmar small, round and indistnct; metacarpals without supernumerary tubercles; nuptial pads or asperities absent.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="6D61EF4FFFE5FF8AF8DB6D8DF82032B5" blockId="40.[151,1436,151,607]" pageId="40" pageNumber="341">
|
||
<collectingCountry id="15C9AFDFFFE5FF8AF8DB6D8DFB4E339D" box="[201,257,151,175]" name="India" pageId="40" pageNumber="341">Hind</collectingCountry>
|
||
limbs slender, moderately long (LEG/SUL 1.45); tibio-tarsal articulation reaching to level of tip of snout when legs are adpressed to body; tibiofibula moderately long (TFL/SUL 0.54), longer than thigh (TFL/THL 1.09); heels only slightly overlapping each other considerably when knees are flexed and thighs are held laterally at right angle to body; foot shorter than tibiofibula (FOT/TFL 0.79); relative length of toes: I<II<III<V<IV; discs of toes smaller than those of fingers; subarticular tubercles: one on toes I and II, two on toes III and V, and three on toe IV; pedal webbing formula (
|
||
<figureCitation id="F5E5F3CAFFE5FF8AF9A56C56FBB13256" box="[439,510,332,356]" captionStart="FIGURE 7" captionStartId="15.[151,250,1970,1993]" captionTargetBox="[175,1414,193,1943]" captionTargetId="figure@15.[175,1414,193,1943]" captionTargetPageId="15" captionText="FIGURE 7. Webbing diagrams of representatives of the species in the Hyperolius nasutus group." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/215990/files/figure.png" pageId="40" pageNumber="341">Fig. 7</figureCitation>
|
||
)
|
||
<emphasis id="5FAA335DFFE5FF8AFA006C56F8523256" bold="true" box="[530,541,332,356]" pageId="40" pageNumber="341">I</emphasis>
|
||
0.5–
|
||
<date id="1960C98FFFE5FF8AFA416C56F8133256" box="[595,604,332,356]" pageId="40" pageNumber="341">1</date>
|
||
<emphasis id="5FAA335DFFE5FF8AFA4E6C56F83D3256" bold="true" box="[604,626,332,356]" pageId="40" pageNumber="341">II</emphasis>
|
||
0.25–
|
||
<date id="1960C98FFFE5FF8AFAA46C56F8F03256" box="[694,703,332,356]" pageId="40" pageNumber="341">1</date>
|
||
<emphasis id="5FAA335DFFE5FF8AFAAD6C56F8AF3256" bold="true" box="[703,736,332,356]" pageId="40" pageNumber="341">III</emphasis>
|
||
0.25–
|
||
<date id="1960C98FFFE5FF8AFB366C56F9623256" box="[804,813,332,356]" pageId="40" pageNumber="341">1</date>
|
||
<emphasis id="5FAA335DFFE5FF8AFB3E6C56F9043256" bold="true" box="[812,843,332,356]" pageId="40" pageNumber="341">IV</emphasis>
|
||
1–0.25
|
||
<emphasis id="5FAA335DFFE5FF8AFB8B6C56F9E43256" bold="true" box="[921,939,332,356]" pageId="40" pageNumber="341">V</emphasis>
|
||
; inner metatarsal tubercle small, oval, not very prominent; outer one not discernible.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="6D61EF4FFFE5FF8AF8DB6C89FABE32C6" blockId="40.[151,1436,151,607]" pageId="40" pageNumber="341">
|
||
<emphasis id="5FAA335DFFE5FF8AF8DB6C89FBE3329E" bold="true" box="[201,428,403,428]" pageId="40" pageNumber="341">Colouration in life</emphasis>
|
||
. The dorsal and ventral surfaces are white, dorsal surfaces (including thighs) densely covered with minute melanophores.
|
||
<emphasis id="5FAA335DFFE5FF8AFA2E6CADF9C432E2" bold="true" box="[572,907,439,464]" pageId="40" pageNumber="341">Colouration in preservative</emphasis>
|
||
. All colours have faded to yellow; gular flap whitish.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="6D61EF4FFFE5FF8AF8DB6F1AF86A3125" blockId="40.[151,1436,151,607]" box="[201,549,511,536]" pageId="40" pageNumber="341">
|
||
<emphasis id="5FAA335DFFE5FF8AF8DB6F1AFBE7312A" bold="true" box="[201,424,512,536]" pageId="40" pageNumber="341">Eggs and tadpoles.</emphasis>
|
||
Unknown.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="25C4BCC4FFE5FF8AF8DB6F3EF994316D" pageId="40" pageNumber="341" type="discussion">
|
||
<paragraph id="6D61EF4FFFE5FF8AF8DB6F3EF994316D" blockId="40.[151,1436,151,607]" pageId="40" pageNumber="341">
|
||
<emphasis id="5FAA335DFFE5FF8AF8DB6F3EFB72310E" bold="true" box="[201,317,548,572]" pageId="40" pageNumber="341">Remarks.</emphasis>
|
||
The species is known from southern
|
||
<collectingCountry id="15C9AFDFFFE5FF8AFAE56F3EF914310E" box="[759,859,548,572]" name="Tanzania" pageId="40" pageNumber="341">Tanzania</collectingCountry>
|
||
and northern
|
||
<collectingCountry id="15C9AFDFFFE5FF8AFC106F3EFE14310E" box="[1026,1115,548,572]" name="Malawi" pageId="40" pageNumber="341">Malawi</collectingCountry>
|
||
. We suggest that the IUCN status of Data Deficient be maintained until further studies are undertaken.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |