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<mods:title id="50D723C4C2BABCA66A2C0A27EA47BF26">Updating the knowledge of the flower flies (Diptera: Syrphidae) from Chile: Illustrated catalog, extinction risk and biological notes</mods:title>
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<emphasis id="B9202E44FF3618D4FF27091EFE46F996" bold="true" box="[151,502,1576,1603]" italics="true" pageId="140" pageNumber="141">Pseudoscaeva schoenemanni</emphasis>
(
<bibRefCitation id="EFC58FA7FF3618D4FDB6091EFD7EF997" author="Enderlein, G." box="[518,718,1576,1602]" pageId="140" pageNumber="141" pagination="192 - 237" refId="ref127502" refString="Enderlein, G. (1938) Beitrage zur Kenntnis der Syrphiden. Sitzungsberichte der Gesellschaft NaturforschenderFreunde Berlin, 1937, 192 - 237." type="journal article" year="1938">Enderlein, 1938</bibRefCitation>
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<figureCitation id="136FEED3FF3618D4FF27097AFE81F9B3" box="[151,305,1612,1638]" captionStart="FIGURES 198199" captionStartId="141.[151,264,1943,1967]" captionTargetBox="[243,1345,452,1920]" captionTargetId="figure-135@141.[242,1345,452,1920]" captionTargetPageId="141" captionText="FIGURES 198199. Pseudoscaeva schoenemanni (Enderlein, 1938): (198) lateral view, and (199) dorsal and wings view (Photos by Vicente Valdés). Scale bar = 1 mm" figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4693648" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4693648/files/figure.png" pageId="140" pageNumber="141">Figs 198199</figureCitation>
</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8BEBF256FF3618D4FF2709A7FDC8F97D" blockId="140.[151,660,1680,1735]" box="[151,632,1680,1705]" pageId="140" pageNumber="141">
<treatmentCitationGroup id="AB44D578FF3618D4FF2709A7FDC8F97D" box="[151,632,1680,1705]" pageId="140" pageNumber="141">
<treatmentCitation id="0AF5D447FF3618D4FF2709A7FDC8F97D" author="Enderlein, G." box="[151,632,1680,1705]" page="225" pageId="140" pageNumber="141" year="1938">
<taxonomicName id="4C5489D5FF3618D4FF2709A7FDC8F97D" ID-CoL="89XD6" authority="Enderlein, 1938: 225" authorityName="Enderlein" authorityPageNumber="225" authorityYear="1938" box="[151,632,1680,1705]" class="Insecta" family="Syrphidae" genus="Allograpta" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="140" pageNumber="141" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="schoenemanni">
<emphasis id="B9202E44FF3618D4FF2709A7FE2CF97C" box="[151,412,1681,1705]" italics="true" pageId="140" pageNumber="141">Allograpta schoenemanni</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="EFC58FA7FF3618D4FE1309A7FDC8F97D" author="Enderlein, G." box="[419,632,1680,1705]" pageId="140" pageNumber="141" pagination="192 - 237" refId="ref127502" refString="Enderlein, G. (1938) Beitrage zur Kenntnis der Syrphiden. Sitzungsberichte der Gesellschaft NaturforschenderFreunde Berlin, 1937, 192 - 237." type="journal article" year="1938">Enderlein, 1938: 225</bibRefCitation>
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<treatmentCitationGroup id="AB44D578FF3618D4FF270986FD24F912" box="[151,660,1711,1735]" pageId="140" pageNumber="141">
<treatmentCitation id="0AF5D447FF3618D4FF270986FD38F912" author="Mengual, X. &amp; Ruiz, C. &amp; Rojo, S. &amp; Stahls, G. &amp; Thompson, F. C." box="[151,648,1711,1735]" page="3" pageId="140" pageNumber="141" year="2009">
<taxonomicName id="4C5489D5FF3618D4FF270986FD38F912" authority="Mengual et al., 2009: 3" authorityName="Mengual" authorityPageNumber="3" authorityYear="2009" box="[151,648,1711,1735]" class="Insecta" family="Syrphidae" genus="Ocyptamus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="140" pageNumber="141" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="shoenemanni">
<emphasis id="B9202E44FF3618D4FF270986FE25F912" box="[151,405,1711,1735]" italics="true" pageId="140" pageNumber="141">Ocyptamus shoenemanni</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="EFC58FA7FF3618D4FE2C0999FD38F912" author="Mengual, X. &amp; Ruiz, C. &amp; Rojo, S. &amp; Stahls, G. &amp; Thompson, F. C." box="[412,648,1711,1735]" pageId="140" pageNumber="141" pagination="1 - 28" refId="ref134036" refString="Mengual, X., Ruiz, C., Rojo, S., Stahls, G. &amp; Thompson, F. C. (2009) A conspectus of the flower fly genus Allograpta (Diptera, Syrphidae) with description of a new subgenus and species. Zootaxa, 2214 (1), 1 - 28. https: // doi. org / 10.11646 / zootaxa. 2214.1.1" type="journal article" year="2009">
Mengual
<emphasis id="B9202E44FF3618D4FE4C0986FD9FF912" box="[508,559,1711,1735]" italics="true" pageId="140" pageNumber="141">et al.</emphasis>
, 2009: 3
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*
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locality and data.
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,
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,
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.
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<emphasis id="B9202E44FF3618D4FF77082FFE00F8E6" bold="true" box="[199,432,1817,1843]" pageId="140" pageNumber="141">Material examined.</emphasis>
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:
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,
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,
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, no date,
<collectorName id="26A19780FF3618D4FC1D082CFBE3F8E1" box="[941,1107,1818,1844]" pageId="140" pageNumber="141">Leg. L.E. Peña</collectorName>
(
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)
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;
<collectingRegion id="49903CB4FF3618D4FB7B082FFAA7F8E6" box="[1227,1303,1817,1843]" country="Chile" name="Maule" pageId="140" pageNumber="141">Maule</collectingRegion>
: Cauquenes (
<bibRefCitation id="EFC58FA7FF3618D4FF2F080BFEE0F88D" author="Enderlein, G." box="[159,336,1853,1880]" pageId="140" pageNumber="141" pagination="192 - 237" refId="ref127502" refString="Enderlein, G. (1938) Beitrage zur Kenntnis der Syrphiden. Sitzungsberichte der Gesellschaft NaturforschenderFreunde Berlin, 1937, 192 - 237." type="journal article" year="1938">Enderlein 1938</bibRefCitation>
).
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<emphasis id="B9202E44FF3618D4FF770857FEE0F8AE" bold="true" box="[199,336,1889,1915]" pageId="140" pageNumber="141">References.</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="EFC58FA7FF3618D4FEE70857FDF2F8A9" author="Enderlein, G." box="[343,578,1889,1916]" pageId="140" pageNumber="141" pagination="192 - 237" refId="ref127502" refString="Enderlein, G. (1938) Beitrage zur Kenntnis der Syrphiden. Sitzungsberichte der Gesellschaft NaturforschenderFreunde Berlin, 1937, 192 - 237." type="journal article" year="1938">Enderlein, 1938: 225</bibRefCitation>
(cat.);
<bibRefCitation id="EFC58FA7FF3618D4FD220857FCD7F8A9" author="Stuardo, C." box="[658,871,1889,1916]" pageId="140" pageNumber="141" refId="ref140025" refString="Stuardo, C. (1946) Catalogo de los Dipteros de Chile. Ministerio de Agricultura, Chile, Santiago, 251 pp." type="book" year="1946">Stuardo, 1946: 123</bibRefCitation>
(cat.); Fluke, 1956: 210 (desc.);
<bibRefCitation id="EFC58FA7FF3618D4FB660857FF05F875" author="Etcheverry, M." pageId="140" pageNumber="141" pagination="1 - 144" refId="ref127618" refString="Etcheverry, M. (1963) Descripciones originales, sinonimia y distribucion geografica de las especies de la familia Syrphidae (Diptera) en Chile. Publicaciones del Centro de Estudios Entomologicos, 5, 1 - 144." type="journal article" year="1963">Etcheverry, 1963: 15</bibRefCitation>
, 137 (cat.);
<bibRefCitation id="EFC58FA7FF3618D4FE8D08B3FDD8F875" author="Thompson, F. &amp; Vockeroth, J. R. &amp; Sedman, Y. S." box="[317,616,1925,1952]" pageId="140" pageNumber="141" pagination="1 - 195" refId="ref141458" refString="Thompson, F. C, Vockeroth, J. R. &amp; Sedman, Y. S. (1976) Family Syrphidae. In: Papavero, N. (Ed.), A catalog of the Diptera of the Americas south of the United States. Edanee, Sao Paulo, pp. 1 - 195. https: // doi. org / 10.5962 / bhl. title. 49898" type="book chapter" year="1976">
Thompson
<emphasis id="B9202E44FF3618D4FE0D08B0FE46F84A" box="[445,502,1925,1951]" italics="true" pageId="140" pageNumber="141">et al.</emphasis>
, 1976: 37
</bibRefCitation>
(cat.);
<bibRefCitation id="EFC58FA7FF3618D4FD0908B3FB83F875" author="Gonzalez, C. R. &amp; Coscaron, S." box="[697,1075,1925,1952]" pageId="140" pageNumber="141" pagination="330 - 349" refId="ref129221" refString="Gonzalez, C. R. &amp; Coscaron, S. (2005) Diversidad de dipteros en la Cordillera de la Costa de Chile. In: Smith-Ramirez, C., Valdovinos, C. &amp; Armesto, J. J. (Eds.), Historia, biodiversidad y ecologia de los bosques costeros de Chile. Editorial Universitaria, Santiago de Chile, pp. 330 - 349." type="book chapter" year="2005">González &amp; Coscarón, 2005: 347</bibRefCitation>
(distr.);
<bibRefCitation id="EFC58FA7FF3618D4FB2408B3FA2CF875" author="Mengual, X. &amp; Ruiz, C. &amp; Rojo, S. &amp; Stahls, G. &amp; Thompson, F. C." box="[1172,1436,1925,1952]" pageId="140" pageNumber="141" pagination="1 - 28" refId="ref134036" refString="Mengual, X., Ruiz, C., Rojo, S., Stahls, G. &amp; Thompson, F. C. (2009) A conspectus of the flower fly genus Allograpta (Diptera, Syrphidae) with description of a new subgenus and species. Zootaxa, 2214 (1), 1 - 28. https: // doi. org / 10.11646 / zootaxa. 2214.1.1" type="journal article" year="2009">
Mengual
<emphasis id="B9202E44FF3618D4FB4F08B0FA88F84A" box="[1279,1336,1925,1951]" italics="true" pageId="140" pageNumber="141">et al.</emphasis>
, 2009: 3
</bibRefCitation>
(comments in introduction);
<bibRefCitation id="EFC58FA7FF3618D4FE68089FFD4AF811" author="Mengual, X. &amp; Miranda, G. F. G. &amp; Thompson, F. C." box="[472,762,1961,1988]" pageId="140" pageNumber="141" pagination="1 - 44" refId="ref134193" refString="Mengual, X., Miranda, G. F. G. &amp; Thompson, F. C. (2018 b) Unraveling Ocyptamus and the Baccha legacy (Diptera: Syrphidae): redefinition of groups and new species descriptions. Zootaxa, 4461 (1), 1 - 44. https: // doi. org / 10.11646 / zootaxa. 4461.1.1" type="journal article" year="2018">
Mengual
<emphasis id="B9202E44FF3618D4FDF3089CFD32F816" box="[579,642,1961,1987]" italics="true" pageId="140" pageNumber="141">et al.,</emphasis>
2018b: 14
</bibRefCitation>
(desc. group).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BEBF256FF3618D4FF7708F8FE4AF832" blockId="140.[151,1437,1781,2024]" box="[199,506,1997,2024]" pageId="140" pageNumber="141">
<emphasis id="B9202E44FF3618D4FF7708F8FE1FF832" bold="true" box="[199,431,1997,2024]" pageId="140" pageNumber="141">World distribution.</emphasis>
<collectingCountry id="F343B2C6FF3618D4FE0608FBFE46F832" box="[438,502,1997,2023]" name="Chile" pageId="140" pageNumber="141">Chile</collectingCountry>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BEBF256FF3718D5FF770FA0FAFAFF65" blockId="141.[151,1437,150,429]" box="[199,1354,150,176]" pageId="141" pageNumber="142">
<emphasis id="B9202E44FF3718D5FF770FA0FE70FF65" bold="true" box="[199,448,150,176]" pageId="141" pageNumber="142">Chilean distribution.</emphasis>
This species has been recorded only for
<collectingRegion id="49903CB4FF3718D5FC390FA0FB7DFF65" box="[905,1229,150,176]" isEnumeration="true" pageId="141" pageNumber="142">Coquimbo and Maule region</collectingRegion>
(
<figureCitation id="136FEED3FF3718D5FB6B0FA0FA8EFF65" box="[1243,1342,150,176]" captionStart="FIGURE 197" captionStartId="140.[151,250,1198,1222]" captionTargetBox="[161,1386,191,1166]" captionTargetId="figure-23@140.[151,1436,181,1174]" captionTargetPageId="140" captionText="FIGURE 197. Distribution map of Fragosa, Nuntianus and Pseudoscaeva species in Chile: F. filiola (Shannon, 1927) (yellow circles); N. philippianus (Enderlein, 1938) (purple circles) and P. schoenemanni (Enderlein, 1938) (blue triangles)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4693646" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4693646/files/figure.png" pageId="141" pageNumber="142">Fig. 197</figureCitation>
).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BEBF256FF3718D5FF770F8CFB9FFF00" blockId="141.[151,1437,150,429]" box="[199,1071,186,213]" pageId="141" pageNumber="142">
<emphasis id="B9202E44FF3718D5FF770F8CFE2CFF01" bold="true" box="[199,412,186,212]" pageId="141" pageNumber="142">Altitudinal range.</emphasis>
From coastal to inland valley ecosystems (
<quantity id="4CAC5FB3FF3718D5FCCF0F8CFC5BFF00" box="[895,1003,186,213]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.465" metricValueMax="4.91" metricValueMin="0.02" pageId="141" pageNumber="142" unit="m" value="246.5" valueMax="491.0" valueMin="2.0">
2
<specimenCount id="9D5239DFFF3718D5FC2C0F8CFC5BFF00" box="[924,1003,186,213]" pageId="141" pageNumber="142" type="generic">491 m</specimenCount>
</quantity>
.a.s.l.).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C34EA1DDFF3718D6FF770FE8FE60FAB2" lastPageId="142" lastPageNumber="143" pageId="141" pageNumber="142" type="biology_ecology">
<paragraph id="8BEBF256FF3718D5FF770FE8FE5BFE5D" blockId="141.[151,1437,150,429]" pageId="141" pageNumber="142">
<emphasis id="B9202E44FF3718D5FF770FE8FE14FF2D" bold="true" box="[199,420,222,248]" pageId="141" pageNumber="142">Biology and notes.</emphasis>
The habitat of
<taxonomicName id="4C5489D5FF3718D5FDE30FE9FCBFFF2D" authorityName="Enderlein" authorityYear="1938" box="[595,783,222,248]" class="Insecta" family="Syrphidae" genus="Allograpta" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="141" pageNumber="142" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="schoenemanni">
<emphasis id="B9202E44FF3718D5FDE30FE9FCBFFF2D" box="[595,783,222,248]" italics="true" pageId="141" pageNumber="142">P. schoenemanni</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
has been intensively replaced with crops or urbanization, mainly in central
<collectingCountry id="F343B2C6FF3718D5FED10E34FE2EFEC9" box="[353,414,258,284]" name="Chile" pageId="141" pageNumber="142">Chile</collectingCountry>
where many native ecosystems already are threatened (
<bibRefCitation id="EFC58FA7FF3718D5FBAC0E34FB48FEC8" author="Alaniz, A. J. &amp; Galleguillos, M. &amp; Perez-Quezada, J. F." box="[1052,1272,258,285]" pageId="141" pageNumber="142" pagination="378 - 385" refId="ref123551" refString="Alaniz, A. J., Galleguillos, M. &amp; Perez-Quezada, J. F. (2016) Assessment of quality of input data used to classify ecosystems according to the IUCN Red List methodology: The case of the central Chile hotspot. Biological Conservation, 204, 378 - 385. https: // doi. org / 10.1016 / j. biocon. 2016.10.038" type="journal article" year="2016">
Alaniz
<emphasis id="B9202E44FF3718D5FBC20E35FB1CFEC9" box="[1138,1196,258,284]" italics="true" pageId="141" pageNumber="142">et al.</emphasis>
, 2016
</bibRefCitation>
). On the other hand, Maulino forest has been replaced by forestry (
<bibRefCitation id="EFC58FA7FF3718D5FD6D0E10FC75FE95" author="Miranda, A. &amp; Altamirano, A. &amp; Cayuela, L. &amp; Lara, A. &amp; Gonzalez, M." box="[733,965,294,321]" pageId="141" pageNumber="142" pagination="285 - 297" refId="ref134460" refString="Miranda, A., Altamirano, A., Cayuela, L., Lara, A. &amp; Gonzalez, M. (2017) Native forest loss in the Chilean biodiversity hotspot: revealing the evidence. Regional Environmental Change, 17, 285 - 297. https: // doi. org / 10.1007 / s 10113 - 016 - 1010 - 7" type="journal article" year="2017">
Miranda
<emphasis id="B9202E44FF3718D5FCF50E11FCCDFE95" box="[837,893,294,320]" italics="true" pageId="141" pageNumber="142">et al.</emphasis>
, 2017
</bibRefCitation>
) decreasing the habitat quality. Therefore, we applied precautory principle to assign a Red List classification to this species. All basic aspects of its biology and ecology remain unknown.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BEBF256FF3718D5FF770EA4FA8CFE78" blockId="141.[151,1437,150,429]" box="[199,1340,402,429]" pageId="141" pageNumber="142">
<emphasis id="B9202E44FF3718D5FF770EA4FE0BFE79" bold="true" box="[199,443,402,428]" pageId="141" pageNumber="142">Conservation status.</emphasis>
EN under B2ab (iii) using AOO =
<quantity id="4CAC5FB3FF3718D5FCF50EA4FCCEFE79" box="[837,894,402,428]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="8.0" pageId="141" pageNumber="142" unit="km" value="8.0">8 km</quantity>
<superScript id="7C215F1EFF3718D5FCCE0EA4FC36FE75" attach="left" box="[894,902,402,416]" fontSize="6" pageId="141" pageNumber="142">2</superScript>
and two localities (or subpopulations).
</paragraph>
<caption id="DF2BA2DEFF3718D5FF2708A1FD89F806" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4693648" ID-Zenodo-Dep="4693648" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4693648/files/figure.png" pageId="141" pageNumber="142" startId="141.[151,264,1943,1967]" targetBox="[243,1345,452,1920]" targetPageId="141">
<paragraph id="8BEBF256FF3718D5FF2708A1FD89F806" blockId="141.[151,1436,1943,2004]" pageId="141" pageNumber="142">
<emphasis id="B9202E44FF3718D5FF2708A1FED6F865" bold="true" box="[151,358,1943,1968]" pageId="141" pageNumber="142">FIGURES 198199</emphasis>
.
<taxonomicName id="4C5489D5FF3718D5FEC208AEFCE3F865" authority="(Enderlein, 1938)" baseAuthorityName="Enderlein" baseAuthorityYear="1938" box="[370,851,1944,1968]" class="Insecta" family="Syrphidae" genus="Pseudoscaeva" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="141" pageNumber="142" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="schoenemanni">
<emphasis id="B9202E44FF3718D5FEC208AEFD28F865" box="[370,664,1944,1968]" italics="true" pageId="141" pageNumber="142">Pseudoscaeva schoenemanni</emphasis>
(
<bibRefCitation id="EFC58FA7FF3718D5FD1408AEFCFBF865" author="Enderlein, G." box="[676,843,1944,1968]" pageId="141" pageNumber="142" pagination="192 - 237" refId="ref127502" refString="Enderlein, G. (1938) Beitrage zur Kenntnis der Syrphiden. Sitzungsberichte der Gesellschaft NaturforschenderFreunde Berlin, 1937, 192 - 237." type="journal article" year="1938">Enderlein, 1938</bibRefCitation>
)
</taxonomicName>
:
<emphasis id="B9202E44FF3718D5FCEB08A1FC22F87A" bold="true" box="[859,914,1943,1967]" pageId="141" pageNumber="142">(198)</emphasis>
lateral view, and
<emphasis id="B9202E44FF3718D5FBF208A1FBC8F87A" bold="true" box="[1090,1144,1943,1967]" pageId="141" pageNumber="142">(199)</emphasis>
dorsal and wings view (Photos by Vicente Valdés). Scale bar = 1 mm
</paragraph>
</caption>
<caption id="DF2BA2DEFF3418D6FF270B89FA38FB2E" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4693650" ID-Zenodo-Dep="4693650" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4693650/files/figure.png" pageId="142" pageNumber="143" startId="142.[151,250,1215,1239]" targetBox="[161,1417,209,1184]" targetPageId="142">
<paragraph id="8BEBF256FF3418D6FF270B89FA38FB2E" blockId="142.[151,1436,1215,1276]" pageId="142" pageNumber="143">
<emphasis id="B9202E44FF3418D6FF270B89FE95FB02" bold="true" box="[151,293,1215,1239]" pageId="142" pageNumber="143">FIGURE 200</emphasis>
. Distribution map of
<taxonomicName id="4C5489D5FF3418D6FE4C0B89FDDAFB02" authorityName="Hull" authorityYear="1943" box="[508,618,1215,1239]" class="Insecta" family="Syrphidae" genus="Mimocalla" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="142" pageNumber="143" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B9202E44FF3418D6FE4C0B89FDDAFB02" box="[508,618,1215,1239]" italics="true" pageId="142" pageNumber="143">Mimocalla</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="4C5489D5FF3418D6FDC50BF6FD6DFB02" authorityName="Miranda, Skevington &amp; Marshall" authorityYear="2020" box="[629,733,1216,1239]" class="Insecta" family="Syrphidae" genus="Nuntianus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="142" pageNumber="143" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B9202E44FF3418D6FDC50BF6FD6DFB02" box="[629,733,1216,1239]" italics="true" pageId="142" pageNumber="143">Nuntianus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and
<taxonomicName id="4C5489D5FF3418D6FCBC0BF6FCC7FB02" authorityName="Miranda, Skevington &amp; Marshall" authorityYear="2020" box="[780,887,1216,1239]" class="Insecta" family="Syrphidae" genus="Victoriana" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="142" pageNumber="143" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B9202E44FF3418D6FCBC0BF6FCC7FB02" box="[780,887,1216,1239]" italics="true" pageId="142" pageNumber="143">Victoriana</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
in Chile:
<taxonomicName id="4C5489D5FF3418D6FC680BF6FB0DFB0D" authority="(Hull, 1942)" baseAuthorityName="Hull" baseAuthorityYear="1942" box="[984,1213,1215,1240]" class="Insecta" family="Syrphidae" genus="Mimocalla" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="142" pageNumber="143" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="erebus">
<emphasis id="B9202E44FF3418D6FC680BF6FB8CFB02" box="[984,1084,1215,1239]" italics="true" pageId="142" pageNumber="143">M. erebus</emphasis>
(Hull, 1942)
</taxonomicName>
(blue circles);
<taxonomicName id="4C5489D5FF3418D6FAE30BF6FEE4FB2E" authority="(Goot, 1964)" baseAuthorityName="Goot" baseAuthorityYear="1964" class="Insecta" family="Syrphidae" genus="Nuntianus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="142" pageNumber="143" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="confusus">
<emphasis id="B9202E44FF3418D6FAE30BF6FF7BFB29" italics="true" pageId="142" pageNumber="143">N. confusus</emphasis>
(
<bibRefCitation id="EFC58FA7FF3418D6FF690BD2FEFDFB2E" author="Goot, V. S. Van Der" box="[217,333,1251,1276]" pageId="142" pageNumber="143" pagination="212 - 221" refId="ref129355" refString="Goot, V. S. Van Der (1964) Fluke's catalog of Neotropical Syrphidae (Insects, Diptera) a critical study with an appendix on new names in Syrphidae. Beaufortia, 10, 212 - 221." type="journal article" year="1964">Goot, 1964</bibRefCitation>
)
</taxonomicName>
(red circles);
<taxonomicName id="4C5489D5FF3418D6FE520BD2FC9CFB2E" authority="(Philippi, 1865)" baseAuthorityName="Philippi" baseAuthorityYear="1865" box="[482,812,1251,1275]" class="Insecta" family="Syrphidae" genus="Victoriana" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="142" pageNumber="143" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="melanorrhina">
<emphasis id="B9202E44FF3418D6FE520BD2FD36FB2E" box="[482,646,1251,1275]" italics="true" pageId="142" pageNumber="143">V. melanorrhina</emphasis>
(
<bibRefCitation id="EFC58FA7FF3418D6FD230BD5FC95FB2E" author="Philippi, P. I." box="[659,805,1251,1275]" pageId="142" pageNumber="143" pagination="595 - 782" refId="ref136094" refString="Philippi, P. I. (1865) Aufzahlung der chilenischen Dipteren. Verhandlunger der Zoologisch- Botanischen Gesellschaft in Wien, 15, 595 - 782. https: // doi. org / 10.5962 / bhl. title. 9295" type="journal article" year="1865">Philippi, 1865</bibRefCitation>
)
</taxonomicName>
(Black circles);
<taxonomicName id="4C5489D5FF3418D6FC640BD2FB58FB2E" authority="(Philippi, 1865)" baseAuthorityName="Philippi" baseAuthorityYear="1865" box="[980,1256,1251,1275]" class="Insecta" family="Syrphidae" genus="Chrysogaster" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="142" pageNumber="143" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="lugubris">
<emphasis id="B9202E44FF3418D6FC640BD2FBF1FB2E" box="[980,1089,1251,1275]" italics="true" pageId="142" pageNumber="143">V. lugubris</emphasis>
(
<bibRefCitation id="EFC58FA7FF3418D6FBFF0BD5FB52FB2E" author="Philippi, P. I." box="[1103,1250,1251,1275]" pageId="142" pageNumber="143" pagination="595 - 782" refId="ref136094" refString="Philippi, P. I. (1865) Aufzahlung der chilenischen Dipteren. Verhandlunger der Zoologisch- Botanischen Gesellschaft in Wien, 15, 595 - 782. https: // doi. org / 10.5962 / bhl. title. 9295" type="journal article" year="1865">Philippi, 1865</bibRefCitation>
)
</taxonomicName>
(green circles);
</paragraph>
</caption>
<paragraph id="8BEBF256FF3418D6FF270A7BFE60FAB2" blockId="142.[151,464,1357,1384]" box="[151,464,1357,1384]" pageId="142" pageNumber="143">
<emphasis id="B9202E44FF3418D6FF270A7BFE60FAB2" bold="true" box="[151,464,1357,1384]" pageId="142" pageNumber="143">
Genus
<taxonomicName id="4C5489D5FF3418D6FF5E0A7BFE60FAB2" authority="Fabricius" authorityName="Fabricius" box="[238,464,1357,1384]" class="Insecta" family="Syrphidae" genus="Syrphus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="142" pageNumber="143" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B9202E44FF3418D6FF5E0A7BFEE1FABD" bold="true" box="[238,337,1357,1384]" italics="true" pageId="142" pageNumber="143">Syrphus</emphasis>
Fabricius
</taxonomicName>
</emphasis>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C34EA1DDFF3418D6FF270AA4FEFFF9D3" pageId="142" pageNumber="143" type="reference_group">
<paragraph id="8BEBF256FF3418D6FF270AA4FBDEFA7F" blockId="142.[151,1437,1426,1542]" box="[151,1134,1426,1450]" pageId="142" pageNumber="143">
<treatmentCitationGroup id="AB44D578FF3418D6FF270AA4FBDEFA7F" box="[151,1134,1426,1450]" pageId="142" pageNumber="143">
<treatmentCitation id="0AF5D447FF3418D6FF270AA4FE73FA7F" author="Fabricius, J. C." box="[151,451,1426,1450]" page="762" pageId="142" pageNumber="143" year="1775">
<taxonomicName id="4C5489D5FF3418D6FF270AA4FE73FA7F" ID-CoL="7RL9" authority="Fabricius, 1775: 762" authorityName="Fabricius" authorityPageNumber="762" authorityYear="1775" box="[151,451,1426,1450]" class="Insecta" family="Syrphidae" genus="Syrphus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="142" pageNumber="143" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B9202E44FF3418D6FF270AA4FF59FA7F" box="[151,233,1426,1450]" italics="true" pageId="142" pageNumber="143">Syrphus</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="EFC58FA7FF3418D6FF5F0AA4FE73FA7F" author="Fabricius, J. C." box="[239,451,1426,1450]" pageId="142" pageNumber="143" refId="ref127842" refString="Fabricius, J. C. (1775) Systemaentomologiae, sistensinsectorumclasses, ordines, genera, species, adiectissynonymis, locis, descriptionibus, observationibus. Kortii, Flensbvrgi et Lipsiae, 832 pp. https: // doi. org / 10.5962 / bhl. title. 36510" type="book" year="1775">Fabricius, 1775: 762</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
</treatmentCitation>
. Type-species,
<taxonomicName id="4C5489D5FF3418D6FDED0AA5FCFBFA7F" authority="Linnaeus" authorityName="Linnaeus" authorityYear="1758" box="[605,843,1426,1450]" class="Insecta" family="Anthomyiidae" genus="Musca" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="142" pageNumber="143" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="ribesii">
<emphasis id="B9202E44FF3418D6FDED0AA5FD58FA7F" box="[605,744,1426,1450]" italics="true" pageId="142" pageNumber="143">Musca ribesii</emphasis>
Linnaeus
</taxonomicName>
(see
<treatmentCitation id="0AF5D447FF3418D6FC300AA4FBD6FA7F" author="Wirth, W. W. &amp; Sedman, Y. S. &amp; Weems, H. V." box="[896,1126,1426,1450]" page="558" pageId="142" pageNumber="143" year="1965">
<bibRefCitation id="EFC58FA7FF3418D6FC300AA4FBD6FA7F" author="Wirth, W. W. &amp; Sedman, Y. S. &amp; Weems, H. V." box="[896,1126,1426,1450]" pageId="142" pageNumber="143" pagination="557 - 625" refId="ref143088" refString="Wirth, W. W., Sedman, Y. S. &amp; Weems, H. V. (1965) Family Syrphidae. In: Stone, A., Sabrosky, C. W., Wirth, W. W., Foote, R. H. &amp; Coulson, J. (Eds.), A catalog of the Diptera of America north of Mexico. United States Department of Agriculture, Washington, pp. 557 - 625." type="book chapter" year="1965">
Wirth
<emphasis id="B9202E44FF3418D6FC700AA5FC43FA7F" box="[960,1011,1426,1450]" italics="true" pageId="142" pageNumber="143">et al.</emphasis>
, 1965: 558
</bibRefCitation>
</treatmentCitation>
)
</treatmentCitationGroup>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BEBF256FF3418D6FF270A87FEFFF9D3" blockId="142.[151,1437,1426,1542]" pageId="142" pageNumber="143">
Refs.
<bibRefCitation id="EFC58FA7FF3418D6FF660A87FE39FA1C" author="Fluke, C. L." box="[214,393,1457,1481]" pageId="142" pageNumber="143" pagination="1 - 24" refId="ref128268" refString="Fluke, C. L. (1942) Revision of the Neotropical Syrphini related to Syrphus (Diptera: Syrphidae). American Museum Novitates, 1201, 1 - 24." type="journal article" year="1942">Fluke, 1942: 23</bibRefCitation>
(key, rev. Neotropical spp.);
<bibRefCitation id="EFC58FA7FF3418D6FD720A87FC0DFA1C" author="Vockeroth, J. R." box="[706,957,1457,1481]" pageId="142" pageNumber="143" pagination="1 - 176" refId="ref141834" refString="Vockeroth, J. R. (1969) A revision of the genera of the Syrphini (Diptera: Syrphidae). Memoirs of the Entomological Society of Canada, 62, 1 - 176. https: // doi. org / 10.4039 / entm 10162 fv" type="journal article" year="1969">Vockeroth, 1969: 5557</bibRefCitation>
(descript);
<bibRefCitation id="EFC58FA7FF3418D6FB880A87FAA1FA1C" author="Thompson, F. C." box="[1080,1297,1457,1481]" pageId="142" pageNumber="143" pagination="1 - 200" refId="ref140476" refString="Thompson, F. C. (1981) The Flower Flies of the West Indies (Diptera, Syrphidae). Memoirs of the Entomological Society of Washington, 9, 1 - 200." type="journal article" year="1981">Thompson, 1981: 23</bibRefCitation>
(desc. note);
<bibRefCitation id="EFC58FA7FF3418D6FF770AF9FE01FA32" author="Thompson, F. C." box="[199,433,1487,1512]" pageId="142" pageNumber="143" pagination="321 - 378" refId="ref140621" refString="Thompson, F. C. (1999 a) A key to the genera of the flower flies (Diptera, Syrphidae) of the Neotropical Region including descriptions of new genera and species and a glossary of taxonomic terms used. Contributions on Entomology International, 3, 321 - 378." type="journal article" year="1999">Thompson, 1999a: 326</bibRefCitation>
(key);
<bibRefCitation id="EFC58FA7FF3418D6FE490AF9FD47FA32" author="Thompson, F. &amp; Thompson, B. J. &amp; Fairman, J. E." box="[505,759,1487,1512]" pageId="142" pageNumber="143" pagination="33 - 43" refId="ref141412" refString="Thompson, F. C, Thompson, B. J. &amp; Fairman, J. E. (2000) Only in Costa Rica, New Neotropical flower flies (Diptera, Syrphidae). Studia Dipterologica, 7, 33 - 43." type="journal article" year="2000">
Thompson
<emphasis id="B9202E44FF3418D6FDDB0AE6FD2EFA32" box="[619,670,1487,1511]" italics="true" pageId="142" pageNumber="143">et al.</emphasis>
, 2000: 7
</bibRefCitation>
(key and descriptions);
<bibRefCitation id="EFC58FA7FF3418D6FC5A0AF9FB44FA3D" author="Marinoni, L. &amp; Morales, M. N. &amp; Spaler, I." box="[1002,1268,1487,1512]" pageId="142" pageNumber="143" pagination="145 - 160" refId="ref133118" refString="Marinoni, L., Morales, M. N. &amp; Spaler, I. (2007) Chave de identificacao ilustrada para os generos de Syrphinae (Diptera, Syrphidae) de ocorrencia no sul do Brasil. Biota Neotropical, 7, 145 - 160. https: // doi. org / 10.1590 / s 1676 - 06032007000100019" type="journal article" year="2007">
Marinoni
<emphasis id="B9202E44FF3418D6FBFE0AE6FB31FA32" box="[1102,1153,1487,1511]" italics="true" pageId="142" pageNumber="143">et al.</emphasis>
, 2007: 148
</bibRefCitation>
, 150 (desc., key, illustrations).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>