229 lines
21 KiB
XML
229 lines
21 KiB
XML
<document ID-DOI="10.11646/zootaxa.5255.1.22" ID-ISSN="1175-5326" ID-Zenodo-Dep="7744817" ID-ZooBank="DBD05E4F-4AE9-4139-B002-E38A668271E1" approvalRequired="23" approvalRequired_for_taxonomicNames="1" approvalRequired_for_textStreams="18" approvalRequired_for_treatments="4" checkinTime="1679051816422" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="James, Samuel W., Bartz, Marie L. C. & Brown, George G." docDate="2023" docId="03F94452DD20FF94FF44E9CCFAA366F3" docLanguage="en" docName="zootaxa.5255.1.22.pdf" docOrigin="Zootaxa 5255 (1)" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5255.1.22" docStyle="DocumentStyle:647186512141C8FC8976D5BCC54AEB7D.9:Zootaxa.2013-.journal_article" docStyleId="647186512141C8FC8976D5BCC54AEB7D" docStyleName="Zootaxa.2013-.journal_article" docStyleVersion="9" docTitle="Belladrilus (Belladrilus) browni James & Bartz & Brown 2023, sp. nov." docType="treatment" docVersion="2" lastPageNumber="256" masterDocId="FFC03C2ADD33FF81FFD3EA27FF90677A" masterDocTitle="New Ocnerodrilidae genera, species and records from Brazil (Annelida: Crassiclitellata)" masterLastPageNumber="269" masterPageNumber="235" pageNumber="254" updateTime="1679052669477" updateUser="ExternalLinkService" zenodo-license-document="CLOSED">
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<mods:mods xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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<mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:title>New Ocnerodrilidae genera, species and records from Brazil (Annelida: Crassiclitellata)</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>James, Samuel W.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation>Maharishi International University, Fairfield, IA, USA.</mods:affiliation>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Bartz, Marie L. C.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation>Municipal Center for Culture and Development (CMCD), Centre for Organic and Regenerative Agriculture, Zona Industrial, 6060 - 182, Idanha-a-Nova, Portugal. & Centre for Functional Ecology, Department of Life Sciences, Universidade de Coimbra, Portugal.</mods:affiliation>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Brown, George G.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation>Embrapa Forestry, Estrada da Ribeira, km. 111, Colombo, PR, Brazil, 83411 - 000.</mods:affiliation>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:typeOfResource>text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:relatedItem type="host">
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<mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:title>Zootaxa</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:part>
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<mods:date>2023</mods:date>
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<mods:detail type="pubDate">
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<mods:number>2023-03-15</mods:number>
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</mods:detail>
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<mods:detail type="volume">
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<mods:number>5255</mods:number>
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</mods:detail>
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<mods:detail type="issue">
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<mods:number>1</mods:number>
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</mods:detail>
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<mods:extent unit="page">
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<mods:start>235</mods:start>
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<mods:end>269</mods:end>
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</mods:extent>
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</mods:part>
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</mods:relatedItem>
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<mods:location>
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<mods:url>http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5255.1.22</mods:url>
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</mods:location>
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<mods:classification>journal article</mods:classification>
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<mods:identifier type="DOI">10.11646/zootaxa.5255.1.22</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="ISSN">1175-5326</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="Zenodo-Dep">7744817</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="ZooBank">DBD05E4F-4AE9-4139-B002-E38A668271E1</mods:identifier>
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</mods:mods>
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<treatment LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03F94452DD20FF94FF44E9CCFAA366F3" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/03F94452DD20FF94FF44E9CCFAA366F3" lastPageId="21" lastPageNumber="256" pageId="19" pageNumber="254">
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<subSubSection box="[151,979,1003,1030]" pageId="19" pageNumber="254" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph blockId="19.[151,979,1003,1030]" box="[151,979,1003,1030]" pageId="19" pageNumber="254">
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<emphasis bold="true" box="[151,833,1003,1030]" pageId="19" pageNumber="254">
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<taxonomicName authority="James & Bartz" authorityName="James & Bartz & Brown" authorityYear="2023" box="[151,732,1003,1030]" class="Clitellata" family="Ocnerodrilidae" genus="Belladrilus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF,CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Crassiclitellata" pageId="19" pageNumber="254" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="browni" status="sp. nov." subGenus="Belladrilus">
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<emphasis bold="true" box="[151,285,1003,1030]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="254">Belladrilus</emphasis>
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(
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<emphasis bold="true" box="[302,436,1003,1030]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="254">Belladrilus</emphasis>
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)
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<emphasis bold="true" box="[453,538,1003,1030]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="254">browni</emphasis>
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James & Bartz
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</taxonomicName>
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<taxonomicNameLabel box="[740,833,1004,1030]" pageId="19" pageNumber="254" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
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</emphasis>
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(
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<figureCitation box="[849,932,1004,1030]" captionStart="FIGURE 12" captionStartId="20.[151,250,1915,1939]" captionTargetBox="[191,1153,181,1817]" captionTargetId="figure-23@20.[189,1399,181,1891]" captionTargetPageId="20" captionText="FIGURE 12. Belladrilus browni sp. nov. A. Ventral view with male pore (mp) and spermathecal pore (sp), scale bar 1 mm; B. Cross section of calciferous gland (cg); C. Spermatheca (sp)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7744851" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7744851/files/figure.png" pageId="19" pageNumber="254">Fig. 12</figureCitation>
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a-c)
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="19" pageNumber="254" type="materials_examined">
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<paragraph blockId="19.[151,1437,1076,2039]" pageId="19" pageNumber="254">
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<materialsCitation collectingDate="2012-01-27" collectionCode="BRRS" collectorName="S. K. Davidson & G. G. Brown & H. Yong & S. W. James" country="Brazil" elevation="932" latitude="-29.17234" location="Aparados da Serra National Park" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="-50.11646" municipality="Cambara do Sul" pageId="19" pageNumber="254" specimenCode="BRRS0054" specimenCount="1" specimenCount-adult="1" stateProvince="Rio Grande do Sul" typeStatus="holotype">
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<emphasis bold="true" box="[151,260,1076,1102]" pageId="19" pageNumber="254">
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<typeStatus box="[151,260,1076,1102]" pageId="19" pageNumber="254">Holotype</typeStatus>
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</emphasis>
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.
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<specimenCode box="[277,408,1076,1103]" collectionCode="BRRS" pageId="19" pageNumber="254">BRRS0054</specimenCode>
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,
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<specimenCount box="[422,532,1076,1103]" pageId="19" pageNumber="254" type="adult">one adult</specimenCount>
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,
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<location LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03F94452DD20FF94FF44E9CCFAA366F3:8E8FA39FDD20FF92FDF2EE13FC316334" box="[545,929,1076,1102]" country="Brazil" latitude="-29.17234" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="-50.11646" municipality="Cambara do Sul" name="Aparados da Serra National Park" pageId="19" pageNumber="254" stateProvince="Rio Grande do Sul">Aparados da Serra National Park</location>
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,
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<collectingMunicipality box="[944,1134,1076,1102]" pageId="19" pageNumber="254">Cambará do Sul</collectingMunicipality>
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,
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<collectingRegion box="[1148,1432,1076,1103]" country="Brazil" name="Rio Grande do Sul" pageId="19" pageNumber="254">Rio Grande do Sul state</collectingRegion>
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,
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<collectingCountry box="[151,222,1112,1138]" name="Brazil" pageId="19" pageNumber="254">Brazil</collectingCountry>
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,
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<geoCoordinate box="[234,369,1112,1138]" degrees="29.17234" direction="south" orientation="latitude" pageId="19" pageNumber="254" precision="1" value="-29.17234">S29.17234°</geoCoordinate>
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,
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<geoCoordinate box="[380,524,1112,1139]" degrees="50.11646" direction="west" orientation="longitude" pageId="19" pageNumber="254" precision="1" value="-50.11646">W50.11646°</geoCoordinate>
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,
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<elevation box="[536,651,1112,1139]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="9.32" pageId="19" pageNumber="254" unit="m" value="932.0">
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<quantity box="[536,607,1112,1139]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="9.32" pageId="19" pageNumber="254" unit="m" value="932.0">932 m</quantity>
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asl
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</elevation>
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., in wetland adjacent to forest;
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<date box="[1002,1191,1112,1139]" pageId="19" pageNumber="254" value="2012-01-27">
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<collectingDate box="[1002,1191,1112,1139]" pageId="19" pageNumber="254" value="2012-01-27">27 January 2012</collectingDate>
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</date>
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,
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<collectorName box="[1203,1370,1112,1138]" pageId="19" pageNumber="254">S.K. Davidson</collectorName>
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,
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<collectorName pageId="19" pageNumber="254">G.G. Brown</collectorName>
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,
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<collectorName box="[241,337,1149,1175]" pageId="19" pageNumber="254">H. Yong</collectorName>
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, and
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<collectorName box="[395,527,1148,1175]" pageId="19" pageNumber="254">S.W. James</collectorName>
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, colls.
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</materialsCitation>
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph blockId="19.[151,1437,1076,2039]" box="[199,1189,1184,1211]" pageId="19" pageNumber="254">
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<materialsCitation box="[199,1184,1184,1211]" collectingDate="2012-01-27" collectionCode="BRRS" collectorName="S. K. Davidson & G. G. Brown & H. Yong & S. W. James" country="Brazil" elevation="932" latitude="-29.17234" location="Aparados da Serra National Park" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="-50.11646" municipality="Cambara do Sul" pageId="19" pageNumber="254" specimenCount="1" specimenCount-adult="1" stateProvince="Rio Grande do Sul" typeStatus="paratype">
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<emphasis bold="true" box="[199,319,1184,1210]" pageId="19" pageNumber="254">
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<typeStatus box="[199,319,1184,1210]" pageId="19" pageNumber="254">Paratypes</typeStatus>
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</emphasis>
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. BRRSDNA0245-0247,
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<specimenCount box="[601,733,1184,1210]" pageId="19" pageNumber="254" type="adult">three adults</specimenCount>
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, same data as holotype, one in each vial
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</materialsCitation>
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.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="19" pageNumber="254" type="etymology">
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<paragraph blockId="19.[151,1437,1076,2039]" pageId="19" pageNumber="254">
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<emphasis bold="true" box="[199,328,1220,1246]" pageId="19" pageNumber="254">Etymology</emphasis>
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. The species is named for George G. Brown, a co-discoverer of the worm and a leader of earthworm research in
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<collectingCountry box="[280,352,1256,1282]" name="Brazil" pageId="19" pageNumber="254">Brazil</collectingCountry>
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.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="19" pageNumber="254" type="description">
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<paragraph blockId="19.[151,1437,1076,2039]" pageId="19" pageNumber="254">
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<emphasis bold="true" box="[199,337,1292,1318]" pageId="19" pageNumber="254">Description</emphasis>
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. Dimensions
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<quantity box="[500,621,1292,1319]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.75" metricValueMax="5.0" metricValueMin="4.5" pageId="19" pageNumber="254" unit="mm" value="47.5" valueMax="50.0" valueMin="45.0">45-50 mm</quantity>
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by 1.0 mm at segment x,
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<quantity box="[939,1029,1292,1319]" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="8.0" pageId="19" pageNumber="254" unit="mm" value="0.8">0.8 mm</quantity>
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at clitellum,
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<quantity box="[1188,1278,1292,1319]" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="9.0" pageId="19" pageNumber="254" unit="mm" value="0.9">0.9 mm</quantity>
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at xxx, body cylindrical, segments 120-139. Setae closely paired throughout, CD above lateral; setal formula AA:AB:BC:CD = 4:1:5:1 at x, 5:1:5:1 at xxx, DD <½ circumference. Prostomium epilobous open; segments lacking secondary annulations and dorsal pores. Unpigmented, spermathecal pores in 8/9 about
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<quantity box="[1014,1100,1400,1427]" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.0" pageId="19" pageNumber="254" unit="mm" value="0.1">0.1 mm</quantity>
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below C. Ovipores in xiv just lateral to B between equator and 13/14; male pores pre-equatorial in xviii at end of seminal grooves; prostatic pores equatorial in xvii within circular collars at anterior ends of seminal grooves; male field pores and seminal grooves on flat surfaces of large oval pads extending from 16/17 to equator of xviii. Setae AB present in xvii-xix, B of xvii within oval pads. Clitellum from xiv-xix, annular; no other genital markings (
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<figureCitation box="[1020,1117,1544,1570]" captionStart="FIGURE 12" captionStartId="20.[151,250,1915,1939]" captionTargetBox="[191,1153,181,1817]" captionTargetId="figure-23@20.[189,1399,181,1891]" captionTargetPageId="20" captionText="FIGURE 12. Belladrilus browni sp. nov. A. Ventral view with male pore (mp) and spermathecal pore (sp), scale bar 1 mm; B. Cross section of calciferous gland (cg); C. Spermatheca (sp)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7744851" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7744851/files/figure.png" pageId="19" pageNumber="254">Fig. 12a</figureCitation>
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).
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph blockId="19.[151,1437,1076,2039]" pageId="19" pageNumber="254">
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Septa 5/6-9/10 muscular, others not. Alimentary canal with gizzard in vii; septal glands in v, vi; esophagus valvular in xi, intestinal origin in xii, no typhlosole. Calciferous glands oblong with blunt anterior ends, paired in ix with duct to dorsal-lateral esophagus, and solid thick walls surrounding small central lumen which is semi-lunate or bifurcate in cross section (
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<figureCitation box="[478,577,1688,1714]" captionStart="FIGURE 12" captionStartId="20.[151,250,1915,1939]" captionTargetBox="[191,1153,181,1817]" captionTargetId="figure-23@20.[189,1399,181,1891]" captionTargetPageId="20" captionText="FIGURE 12. Belladrilus browni sp. nov. A. Ventral view with male pore (mp) and spermathecal pore (sp), scale bar 1 mm; B. Cross section of calciferous gland (cg); C. Spermatheca (sp)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7744851" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7744851/files/figure.png" pageId="19" pageNumber="254">Fig. 12b</figureCitation>
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); each gland with blood vessel from anterior end to extra-esophageal vessel, blood vessel from posterior end of gland to supra-esophageal vessel. Holonephric, first nephridia in segment xi, attain full size and regular morphology in xii; reach dorsally to ½ BC or up to D; tubular throughout, no bladders.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph blockId="19.[151,1437,1076,2039]" pageId="19" pageNumber="254">Vascular system with ventral trunk, single dorsal trunk, lateral vessels in vi-ix, latero-esophageal hearts in x-xi with long connective vessels from supraesophageal vessel to hearts; supraesophageal vessel in ix-xi.</paragraph>
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<paragraph blockId="19.[151,1437,1076,2039]" pageId="19" pageNumber="254">
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Fan-shaped ovaries with funnels free in xiii; paired large spermathecae in ix, consisting of long muscular duct, duct nearly as long as segment ix, ovate to pyriform ampulla (
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<figureCitation box="[845,942,1904,1930]" captionStart="FIGURE 12" captionStartId="20.[151,250,1915,1939]" captionTargetBox="[191,1153,181,1817]" captionTargetId="figure-23@20.[189,1399,181,1891]" captionTargetPageId="20" captionText="FIGURE 12. Belladrilus browni sp. nov. A. Ventral view with male pore (mp) and spermathecal pore (sp), scale bar 1 mm; B. Cross section of calciferous gland (cg); C. Spermatheca (sp)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7744851" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7744851/files/figure.png" pageId="19" pageNumber="254">Fig. 12c</figureCitation>
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).
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph blockId="19.[151,1437,1076,2039]" pageId="19" pageNumber="254">Male sexual system proandric, testes and funnels free in x, vas deferens superficial on body wall from 10/11 to xviii where it has a small terminal expansion; seminal vesicles only in xi, large, post-septal; slender tubular prostates folded under intestine within xvii-xviii, xx; prostatic ducts slightly muscular about the length of two segments.</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<caption ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7744851" ID-Zenodo-Dep="7744851" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7744851/files/figure.png" pageId="20" pageNumber="255" startId="20.[151,250,1915,1939]" targetBox="[191,1153,181,1817]" targetPageId="20">
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<paragraph blockId="20.[151,1436,1915,1975]" pageId="20" pageNumber="255">
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<emphasis bold="true" box="[151,281,1915,1939]" pageId="20" pageNumber="255">FIGURE 12</emphasis>
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.
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<taxonomicName authority="James & Bartz & Brown, 2023" authorityName="James & Bartz & Brown" authorityYear="2023" box="[295,485,1915,1939]" class="Clitellata" family="Ocnerodrilidae" genus="Belladrilus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF,CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Crassiclitellata" pageId="20" pageNumber="255" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="browni" status="sp. nov.">
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<emphasis box="[295,485,1915,1939]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="255">Belladrilus browni</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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<taxonomicNameLabel box="[491,571,1916,1939]" pageId="20" pageNumber="255" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
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A. Ventral view with male pore (mp) and spermathecal pore (sp), scale bar 1 mm; B. Cross section of calciferous gland (cg); C. Spermatheca (sp).
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</paragraph>
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</caption>
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<subSubSection pageId="21" pageNumber="256" type="discussion">
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<paragraph blockId="21.[151,1437,151,393]" pageId="21" pageNumber="256">
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<emphasis bold="true" box="[199,308,151,177]" pageId="21" pageNumber="256">Remarks</emphasis>
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.
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<taxonomicName authority="James & Bartz & Brown, 2023" authorityName="James & Bartz & Brown" authorityYear="2023" box="[325,590,151,177]" class="Clitellata" family="Ocnerodrilidae" genus="Belladrilus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF,CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Crassiclitellata" pageId="21" pageNumber="256" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="browni" status="sp. nov." subGenus="Belladrilus">
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<emphasis box="[325,590,151,177]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="256">Belladrilus (B.) browni</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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<taxonomicNameLabel box="[600,689,151,177]" pageId="21" pageNumber="256" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
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has the largest and most elevated male pore zone of any known species in the subgenus. Like
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<taxonomicName authority="James & Bartz & Brown, 2023" authorityName="James & Bartz & Brown" authorityYear="2023" box="[480,649,187,213]" class="Clitellata" family="Ocnerodrilidae" genus="Belladrilus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF,CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Crassiclitellata" pageId="21" pageNumber="256" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="riparius" status="sp. nov." subGenus="Belladrilus">
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<emphasis box="[480,649,187,213]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="256">B. (B.) riparius</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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<taxonomicNameLabel box="[656,744,187,213]" pageId="21" pageNumber="256" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
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, it has more posterior first nephridia than the older species. On the other hand it shares the character state of seminal vesicles only in xi and spermathecae in ix with the following species:
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<taxonomicName authorityName="Righi" authorityYear="1984" box="[250,381,259,285]" class="Clitellata" family="Ocnerodrilidae" genus="Belladrilus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF,CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Crassiclitellata" pageId="21" pageNumber="256" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="jimi" subGenus="Belladrilus">
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<emphasis box="[250,267,259,284]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="256">B</emphasis>
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. (
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<emphasis box="[294,318,259,284]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="256">B.</emphasis>
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)
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<emphasis box="[337,381,259,284]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="256">jimi</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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,
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<emphasis box="[398,415,259,284]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="256">B</emphasis>
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. (
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|
<emphasis box="[442,459,259,284]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="256">B</emphasis>
|
|
.)
|
|
<emphasis box="[485,561,259,284]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="256">pocaju</emphasis>
|
|
,
|
|
<emphasis box="[579,596,259,284]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="256">B</emphasis>
|
|
. (
|
|
<emphasis box="[622,639,259,284]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="256">B</emphasis>
|
|
.)
|
|
<emphasis box="[666,719,259,284]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="256">arua</emphasis>
|
|
, and
|
|
<emphasis box="[787,804,259,284]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="256">B</emphasis>
|
|
. (
|
|
<emphasis box="[831,848,259,284]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="256">B</emphasis>
|
|
.)
|
|
<emphasis box="[874,972,259,285]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="256">vaucheri</emphasis>
|
|
. With spermathecal pores in line C and differentiated spermathecal ducts vs. ampulla, it most closely resembles
|
|
<emphasis box="[975,992,295,320]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="256">B</emphasis>
|
|
. (
|
|
<emphasis box="[1017,1034,295,320]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="256">B</emphasis>
|
|
.)
|
|
<emphasis box="[1059,1112,295,320]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="256">arua</emphasis>
|
|
, which is smaller (19 vs.
|
|
<quantity metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.5" pageId="21" pageNumber="256" unit="mm" value="45.0">45 mm</quantity>
|
|
, has fewer segments (84 vs. 128), male field pads L-shaped vs oval, intestinal origin in xiii vs xii, and folded prostates occupying xvii-xxiv vs. xvii-xviii. We were unable to obtain DNA barcode data for this species.
|
|
</paragraph>
|
|
</subSubSection>
|
|
</treatment>
|
|
</document> |