treatments-xml/data/03/DA/51/03DA51566E07385BFF43F9CDFC146E82.xml

<document id="ACFCD0C86D626FE6C320098974AAF2AE" ID="10.11646/zootaxa.4214.1.1" ID-CLB-Dataset="37279" ID-DOI="10.11646/zootaxa.4214.1.1" ID-GBIF-Dataset="49582659-158e-463e-9f56-6bf6ae3d634b" ID-ISSN="1175-5326" ID-Zenodo-Dep="253086" ID-ZooBank="9FAD41E4-36F3-4AE0-B626-6A372E894A59" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1484876134579" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Portman, Zachary M., Neff, John L. &amp; Griswold, Terry" docDate="2016" docId="03DA51566E07385BFF43F9CDFC146E82" docLanguage="en" docName="zootaxa.4214.1.1.pdf" docOrigin="Zootaxa 4214 (1)" docStyle="DocumentStyle:5EBBA59367AD13919D70D935FA04F6A3.14:Zootaxa.2013-.monograph" docStyleId="5EBBA59367AD13919D70D935FA04F6A3" docStyleName="Zootaxa.2013-.monograph" docStyleVersion="14" docTitle="Perdita arenaria Timberlake" docType="treatment" docVersion="7" lastPageNumber="26" masterDocId="FFE3292E6E0A3842FFD4FFE8FFC56914" masterDocTitle="Taxonomic revision of Perdita subgenus Heteroperdita Timberlake (Hymenoptera: Andrenidae), with descriptions of two ant-like males" masterLastPageNumber="97" masterPageNumber="1" pageNumber="14" updateTime="1698435895212" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
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<mods:title id="E02D3D1920C8B6685D5C0D7B2880C9ED">Taxonomic revision of Perdita subgenus Heteroperdita Timberlake (Hymenoptera: Andrenidae), with descriptions of two ant-like males</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="19D575BF3944C807566286D6F57BD75E">Portman, Zachary M.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="8164FBECBF3C9CC63F6691043DA547F8">Neff, John L.</mods:namePart>
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<paragraph id="8BCCE0406E07384FFF43F9CDFE336F2B" blockId="13.[151,778,1573,1632]" box="[151,502,1573,1599]" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">
<heading id="D084572C6E07384FFF43F9CDFE336F2B" bold="true" box="[151,502,1573,1599]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" reason="1">
<taxonomicName id="4C739BC36E07384FFF43F9CDFE336F2B" ID-CoL="6V3D2" authority="Timberlake" authorityName="Timberlake" box="[151,502,1573,1599]" class="Insecta" family="Andrenidae" genus="Perdita" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="arenaria">
<emphasis id="B9073C526E07384FFF43F9CDFE336F2B" bold="true" box="[151,502,1573,1599]" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">
<emphasis id="B9073C526E07384FFF43F9CDFE986F2B" bold="true" box="[151,349,1573,1599]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">Perdita arenaria</emphasis>
Timberlake
</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
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<paragraph id="8BCCE0406E07384FFF43F9AFFCCF6F74" blockId="13.[151,778,1573,1632]" box="[151,778,1607,1632]" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">
<figureCitation id="1348FCC56E07384FFF43F9AFFF266F74" box="[151,227,1607,1632]" captionStart="FIGURE 6" captionStartId="15.[151,250,1887,1909]" captionTargetBox="[169,1405,195,1847]" captionTargetId="figure@15.[169,1405,195,1847]" captionTargetPageId="15" captionText="FIGURE 6. Spotted male metasomas. (A) Perdita arenaria (paratype, UCRC 166022; Imperial Co., CA). (B) P. frontalis (BBSL 813851; Imperial Co., CA). (C) P. maculosa (BBSL 277846; Clark Co., NV). (D) P. nuttalliae (Paratype, BBSL 816190; Harney Co., OR). (E) P. sycorax (paratype, 37225; Emery Co., UT). (F) P. titania (paratype, UCRC 166000; Imperial Co., CA). (G) P. wasbaueri (BBSL 842195; San Bernardino Co., CA). (H) P. yanegai (paratype, UCRC 166011; Riverside Co., CA). All scale bars 0.5 mm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/253092/files/figure.png" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">Figs. 6</figureCitation>
A, 7A, 8A, 9A, 23A, 24A, 25, 26A, 56A, 58A–B
</paragraph>
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<subSubSection id="C369B3CB6E07384FFF43F978FDC96FD0" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" type="reference_group">
<paragraph id="8BCCE0406E07384FFF43F978FDC96FD0" blockId="13.[151,1436,1680,1732]" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">
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<taxonomicName id="4C739BC36E07384FFF43F978FD2D6FB2" ID-CoL="6V3D2" authority="Timberlake, 1954: 368" authorityName="Timberlake" authorityPageNumber="368" authorityYear="1954" box="[151,744,1680,1702]" class="Insecta" family="Andrenidae" genus="Perdita" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="arenaria" subGenus="Heteroperdita">
<emphasis id="B9073C526E07384FFF43F978FF276FB2" box="[151,226,1680,1702]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">Perdita</emphasis>
(
<emphasis id="B9073C526E07384FFF20F978FE476FB2" box="[244,386,1680,1702]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">Heteroperdita</emphasis>
) 
<emphasis id="B9073C526E07384FFE41F979FE296FB2" box="[405,492,1681,1702]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">arenaria</emphasis>
<treatmentCitation id="0AD2C6516E07384FFE23F978FD2D6FB2" author="Timberlake" box="[503,744,1680,1702]" page="368" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" year="1954">
<bibRefCitation id="EFE29DB16E07384FFE23F978FD746FB2" author="Timberlake" box="[503,689,1680,1702]" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" refString="Timberlake, P. H. (1954) A revisional study of the bees of the genus Perdita F. Smith, with special reference to the fauna of the Pacific Coast (Hymenoptera, Apoidea). Part I. University of California Publications in Entomology, 9 (6), 345 - 432." type="journal article" year="1954">Timberlake, 1954</bibRefCitation>
: 368
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</taxonomicName>
, ♂♀. 
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<typeStatus id="54C85EE26E07384FFCF9F978FC4E6FB2" box="[813,907,1680,1702]" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" type="holotype">Holotype</typeStatus>
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(
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<typeStatus id="54C85EE26E07384FFC23F979FBE66FB2" box="[1015,1059,1681,1702]" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">type</typeStatus>
no. 14426), 
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east of 
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, 
<collectingCounty id="62AD98CC6E07384FFF13F946FE916FD0" box="[199,340,1710,1732]" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">Riverside Co.</collectingCounty>
, 
<collectingRegion id="49B72EA26E07384FFE8BF946FE0D6FD0" box="[351,456,1710,1732]" country="United States of America" name="California" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">California</collectingRegion>
, 
<collectingCountry id="F364A0D06E07384FFE06F946FDCD6FD0" box="[466,520,1710,1732]" name="United States of America" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">USA</collectingCountry>
.
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</paragraph>
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<subSubSection id="C369B3CB6E07384FFF43F904FB996E64" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" type="diagnosis">
<paragraph id="8BCCE0406E07384FFF43F904FB996E64" blockId="13.[151,1437,1772,2013]" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">
<emphasis id="B9073C526E07384FFF43F904FED46E17" bold="true" box="[151,273,1772,1797]" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">Diagnosis.</emphasis>
Both sexes of 
<taxonomicName id="4C739BC36E07384FFE6CF905FDF46E10" box="[440,561,1773,1796]" class="Insecta" family="Andrenidae" genus="Perdita" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="arenaria">
<emphasis id="B9073C526E07384FFE6CF905FDF46E10" box="[440,561,1773,1796]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">P. arenaria</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
have the metasoma white or yellow with dark spots (
<figureCitation id="1348FCC56E07384FFB58F904FB1C6E11" box="[1164,1241,1772,1797]" captionStart="FIGURE 6" captionStartId="15.[151,250,1887,1909]" captionTargetBox="[169,1405,195,1847]" captionTargetId="figure@15.[169,1405,195,1847]" captionTargetPageId="15" captionText="FIGURE 6. Spotted male metasomas. (A) Perdita arenaria (paratype, UCRC 166022; Imperial Co., CA). (B) P. frontalis (BBSL 813851; Imperial Co., CA). (C) P. maculosa (BBSL 277846; Clark Co., NV). (D) P. nuttalliae (Paratype, BBSL 816190; Harney Co., OR). (E) P. sycorax (paratype, 37225; Emery Co., UT). (F) P. titania (paratype, UCRC 166000; Imperial Co., CA). (G) P. wasbaueri (BBSL 842195; San Bernardino Co., CA). (H) P. yanegai (paratype, UCRC 166011; Riverside Co., CA). All scale bars 0.5 mm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/253092/files/figure.png" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">Figs. 6</figureCitation>
A, 7A). They can be separated from all similar species except 
<taxonomicName id="4C739BC36E07384FFD5FF8F9FCC56E3C" box="[651,768,1809,1832]" class="Insecta" family="Andrenidae" genus="Perdita" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="yanegai">
<emphasis id="B9073C526E07384FFD5FF8F9FCC56E3C" box="[651,768,1809,1832]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">P. yanegai</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
by the following combination of characters: face distinctly broader than long, scutum and scutellum dark, face not entirely yellow below the level of the antenna, metapleuron and anterior propodeum yellow, and propodeum with yellow triangle dorso-anteriorly.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C369B3CB6E073856FF13F894FB406E82" lastPageId="20" lastPageNumber="21" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" type="description">
<paragraph id="8BCCE0406E07384FFF13F894FC136E80" blockId="13.[151,1437,1772,2013]" box="[199,982,1916,1941]" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">
<emphasis id="B9073C526E07384FFF13F894FE2C6E87" bold="true" box="[199,489,1916,1941]" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">Redescription of female.</emphasis>
Length: 
<quantity id="4C8B4DA56E07384FFD9AF894FD626E80" box="[590,679,1916,1940]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.4" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" unit="mm" value="3.4">3.4 mm</quantity>
. Forewing length: 2.0 mm.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BCCE0406E07384CFF13F848FDC56B29" blockId="13.[151,1437,1772,2013]" lastBlockId="14.[151,1437,151,573]" lastPageId="14" lastPageNumber="15" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">
<emphasis id="B9073C526E07384FFF13F848FE8F6EAD" box="[199,330,1952,1977]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">Coloration.</emphasis>
Head (
<figureCitation id="1348FCC56E07384FFE73F848FE346EAC" box="[423,497,1952,1977]" captionStart="FIGURE 9" captionStartId="18.[151,250,1429,1451]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,445,1408]" captionTargetId="figure@18.[151,1436,445,1408]" captionTargetPageId="18" captionText="FIGURE 9. Spotted female faces. (A) Perdita arenaria (BBSL 813437; Imperial Co., CA). (B) P. frontalis with light marks on frons (BBSL 813822; Imperial Co., CA). (C) P. frontalis without light marks on frons (BBSL 813797; Imperial Co., CA). (D) P. maculosa (UCRC 179125; Riverside Co., CA). (E) P. nuttalliae (142005; Box Elder Co., UT). (F) P. sycorax (paratype, 37239; Emery Co., UT). (G) P. titania (paratype, BBSL 326372; San Bernardino Co., CA). (H) P. wasbaueri (BBSL 842199; San Bernardino Co., CA). (I) P. yanegai (BBSL 282782; Clark Co., NV). All scales bars 0.25 mm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/253095/files/figure.png" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">Fig. 9</figureCitation>
A) and mesosoma base color black with greenish metallic luster except luster generally lacking on frons; clypeus white; supraclypeal mark white, large, transverse; paraocular mark white, transverse to subtriangular, extending to level of summit of clypeus, sometimes with thin line extending along eye to level of top of antennal socket; mandible white, tip reddish; labrum white, sometimes with basomedial dark spot; frons generally black, lacking metallic tints medially; scape white; antenna more or less brown dorsally, whitish ventrally; pronotal collar pale yellow, more or less marked with brown along medial suture; pronotal lobe white; metapleuron and anterior propodeum pale yellow (
<figureCitation id="1348FCC56E04384CFD37FECFFCFC6854" box="[739,825,295,320]" captionStart="FIGURE 25" captionStartId="34.[151,250,697,719]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,193,676]" captionTargetId="figure@34.[151,1436,193,676]" captionTargetPageId="34" captionText="FIGURE 25. Perdita arenaria (A) female lateral habitus (BBSL 813432; Imperial Co., CA), (B) male lateral habitus (UCRC 166001; Baja California, MEX). Scale bars = 1 mm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/253111/files/figure.png" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">Fig. 25</figureCitation>
A); propodeum with narrow white or yellow triangle dorso-anteriorly (
<figureCitation id="1348FCC56E04384CFE8FFEA4FE656871" box="[347,416,332,357]" captionStart="FIGURE 5" captionStartId="14.[151,250,1797,1819]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,625,1776]" captionTargetId="figure@14.[151,1436,625,1776]" captionTargetPageId="14" captionText="FIGURE 5. Dorsal views of Heteroperdita. (A) Perdita coldeniae male with broad yellow triangle on the propodeum and the metasoma wider the mesosoma, scale = 0.5 mm (UCRC 277998; Imperial Co., CA). (B) P. arenaria male mesosoma with narrow yellow triangle on propodeum, scale = 0.25 mm (BBSLID 95733; Yuma Co., AZ). (C) P. wasbaueri female mesosoma with yellow scutellum and yellow along lateral margins of scutum, scale = 0.25 mm (141836; Imperial Co., AZ)." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/253091/files/figure.png" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">Fig. 5</figureCitation>
B); ventral surface of mesepisternum pale yellow along posterior margin; legs pale yellow except more or less darkened to brown on distal hind tarsi; wing veins tan or light brown; metasoma white or yellowish-white with multiple lateral and medial dark brown spots; T1 with pair of sublateral splotches on anterior face (splotches often split into two distinct spots) and pair of sublateral spots on dorsal face; T2–T5 with five spots: one large basomedial triangle, two small baso-lateral spots, and two apico-sublateral spots, basal spots on T2 often merging into continuous basal line, T2 fovea dark brown, lateral spots on T4–T5 generally reduced or absent; pygidial plate transparent white.
</paragraph>
<caption id="DF0CB0C86E04384CFF43F8EDFACB6E6C" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/253091/files/figure.png" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" targetBox="[151,1436,625,1776]" targetPageId="14">
<paragraph id="8BCCE0406E04384CFF43F8EDFACB6E6C" blockId="14.[151,1436,1797,1912]" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">
<emphasis id="B9073C526E04384CFF43F8EDFED66E0F" bold="true" box="[151,275,1797,1819]" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">FIGURE 5.</emphasis>
Dorsal views of 
<emphasis id="B9073C526E04384CFE17F8EDFD956E0F" box="[451,592,1797,1819]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">Heteroperdita</emphasis>
. (A) 
<taxonomicName id="4C739BC36E04384CFD5CF8EDFCF86E0F" box="[648,829,1797,1819]" class="Insecta" family="Andrenidae" genus="Perdita" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="coldeniae">
<emphasis id="B9073C526E04384CFD5CF8EDFCF86E0F" box="[648,829,1797,1819]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">Perdita coldeniae</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
male with broad yellow triangle on the propodeum and the metasoma wider the mesosoma, scale = 0.5 mm (UCRC277998; Imperial Co., CA). (B) 
<taxonomicName id="4C739BC36E04384CFB96F8CDFB706E2E" box="[1090,1205,1829,1850]" class="Insecta" family="Andrenidae" genus="Perdita" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="arenaria">
<emphasis id="B9073C526E04384CFB96F8CDFB706E2E" box="[1090,1205,1829,1850]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">P. arenaria</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
male mesosoma with narrow yellow triangle on propodeum, scale = 0.25 mm (BBSLID95733; Yuma Co., AZ). (C) 
<taxonomicName id="4C739BC36E04384CFB8FF8ABFB1B6E4C" box="[1115,1246,1858,1880]" class="Insecta" family="Andrenidae" genus="Perdita" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="wasbaueri">
<emphasis id="B9073C526E04384CFB8FF8ABFB1B6E4C" box="[1115,1246,1858,1880]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">P. wasbaueri</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
female mesosoma with yellow scutellum and yellow along lateral margins of scutum, scale = 0.25 mm (141836; Imperial Co., AZ).
</paragraph>
</caption>
<caption id="DF0CB0C86E05384DFF43F8B7FE906EFB" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/253092/files/figure.png" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" targetBox="[169,1405,195,1847]" targetPageId="15">
<paragraph id="8BCCE0406E05384DFF43F8B7FE906EFB" blockId="15.[151,1436,1887,2031]" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">
<emphasis id="B9073C526E05384DFF43F8B7FED36E60" bold="true" box="[151,278,1887,1909]" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">FIGURE 6.</emphasis>
Spotted male metasomas. (A) 
<taxonomicName id="4C739BC36E05384DFDB7F8B7FCD56E61" box="[611,784,1887,1909]" class="Insecta" family="Andrenidae" genus="Perdita" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="arenaria">
<emphasis id="B9073C526E05384DFDB7F8B7FCD56E61" box="[611,784,1887,1909]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">Perdita arenaria</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(paratype, UCRC166022; Imperial Co., CA). (B) 
<taxonomicName id="4C739BC36E05384DFAFEF888FA596E61" box="[1322,1436,1887,1909]" class="Insecta" family="Andrenidae" genus="Perdita" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="frontalis">
<emphasis id="B9073C526E05384DFAFEF888FA596E61" box="[1322,1436,1887,1909]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">P. frontalis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(BBSL813851; Imperial Co., CA). (C) 
<taxonomicName id="4C739BC36E05384DFDF2F897FD656E87" box="[550,672,1917,1940]" class="Insecta" family="Andrenidae" genus="Perdita" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="maculosa">
<emphasis id="B9073C526E05384DFDF2F897FD656E87" box="[550,672,1917,1940]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">P. maculosa</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(BBSL277846; Clark Co., NV). (D) 
<taxonomicName id="4C739BC36E05384DFBCFF897FB506E87" box="[1051,1173,1917,1940]" class="Insecta" family="Andrenidae" genus="Perdita" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="nuttalliae">
<emphasis id="B9073C526E05384DFBCFF897FB506E87" box="[1051,1173,1917,1940]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">P. nuttalliae</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(Paratype, BBSL816190; Harney Co., OR). (E) 
<taxonomicName id="4C739BC36E05384DFEA2F875FE1B6EA6" box="[374,478,1949,1970]" class="Insecta" family="Andrenidae" genus="Perdita" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="sycorax">
<emphasis id="B9073C526E05384DFEA2F875FE1B6EA6" box="[374,478,1949,1970]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">P. sycorax</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(paratype, 37225; Emery Co., UT). (F) 
<taxonomicName id="4C739BC36E05384DFCA7F875FC086EA6" box="[883,973,1949,1970]" class="Insecta" family="Andrenidae" genus="Perdita" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="titania">
<emphasis id="B9073C526E05384DFCA7F875FC086EA6" box="[883,973,1949,1970]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">P. titania</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(paratype, UCRC166000; Imperial Co., CA). (G) 
<taxonomicName id="4C739BC36E05384DFF15F854FE806EC5" box="[193,325,1979,2001]" class="Insecta" family="Andrenidae" genus="Perdita" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="wasbaueri">
<emphasis id="B9073C526E05384DFF15F854FE806EC5" box="[193,325,1979,2001]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">P. wasbaueri</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(BBSL842195; San Bernardino Co., CA). (H) 
<taxonomicName id="4C739BC36E05384DFCFFF854FC516EC5" box="[811,916,1980,2001]" class="Insecta" family="Andrenidae" genus="Perdita" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="yanegai">
<emphasis id="B9073C526E05384DFCFFF854FC516EC5" box="[811,916,1980,2001]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">P. yanegai</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(paratype, UCRC166011; Riverside Co., CA). All scale bars 0.5 mm.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<caption id="DF0CB0C86E1A3852FF43F8B9FC226EF6" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/253093/files/figure.png" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" targetBox="[177,1413,193,1842]" targetPageId="16">
<paragraph id="8BCCE0406E1A3852FF43F8B9FC226EF6" blockId="16.[151,1437,1873,2018]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">
<emphasis id="B9073C526E1A3852FF43F8B9FED86E72" bold="true" box="[151,285,1873,1895]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">FIGURE 7.</emphasis>
Spotted female metasomas. (A) 
<taxonomicName id="4C739BC36E1A3852FD49F8B9FC946E73" box="[669,849,1873,1895]" class="Insecta" family="Andrenidae" genus="Perdita" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="arenaria">
<emphasis id="B9073C526E1A3852FD49F8B9FC946E73" box="[669,849,1873,1895]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">Perdita arenaria</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(BBSL813432; Imperial Co., CA). (B) 
<taxonomicName id="4C739BC36E1A3852FAF0F8BAFA596E73" box="[1316,1436,1873,1895]" class="Insecta" family="Andrenidae" genus="Perdita" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="frontalis">
<emphasis id="B9073C526E1A3852FAF0F8BAFA596E73" box="[1316,1436,1873,1895]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">P. frontalis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(BBSL813797; Imperial Co., CA). (C) 
<taxonomicName id="4C739BC36E1A3852FDF2F899FD646E92" box="[550,673,1904,1926]" class="Insecta" family="Andrenidae" genus="Perdita" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="maculosa">
<emphasis id="B9073C526E1A3852FDF2F899FD646E92" box="[550,673,1904,1926]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">P. maculosa</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(BBSL638406; Clark Co., NV). (D) 
<taxonomicName id="4C739BC36E1A3852FBC8F899FB536E92" box="[1052,1174,1904,1926]" class="Insecta" family="Andrenidae" genus="Perdita" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="nuttalliae">
<emphasis id="B9073C526E1A3852FBC8F899FB536E92" box="[1052,1174,1904,1926]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">P. nuttalliae</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(paratype, BBSL816167; Harney Co., OR). (E) 
<taxonomicName id="4C739BC36E1A3852FE5FF867FE3D6EB0" box="[395,504,1935,1956]" class="Insecta" family="Andrenidae" genus="Perdita" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="sycorax">
<emphasis id="B9073C526E1A3852FE5FF867FE3D6EB0" box="[395,504,1935,1956]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">P. sycorax</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(paratype, BBSL389685; Emery Co., UT). (F) 
<taxonomicName id="4C739BC36E1A3852FC28F867FB996EB0" box="[1020,1116,1935,1956]" class="Insecta" family="Andrenidae" genus="Perdita" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="titania">
<emphasis id="B9073C526E1A3852FC28F867FB996EB0" box="[1020,1116,1935,1956]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">P. titania</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(paratype, BBSL342256; San Bernardino Co., CA). (G) 
<taxonomicName id="4C739BC36E1A3852FE79F846FDF66ED7" box="[429,563,1965,1987]" class="Insecta" family="Andrenidae" genus="Perdita" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="wasbaueri">
<emphasis id="B9073C526E1A3852FE79F846FDF66ED7" box="[429,563,1965,1987]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">P. wasbaueri</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(141836; Imperial Co., CA). (H) 
<taxonomicName id="4C739BC36E1A3852FC4FF846FBC26ED7" box="[923,1031,1966,1987]" class="Insecta" family="Andrenidae" genus="Perdita" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="yanegai">
<emphasis id="B9073C526E1A3852FC4FF846FBC26ED7" box="[923,1031,1966,1987]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">P. yanegai</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(BBSL282782; Clark Co., NV). (I) 
<taxonomicName id="4C739BC36E1A3852FA5DF846FF186EF6" class="Insecta" family="Andrenidae" genus="Perdita" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="bellula">
<emphasis id="B9073C526E1A3852FA5DF846FF186EF6" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">P. bellula</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
with distinct spots (FDP161540; Riverside Co., CA). All scale bars 0.5 mm.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<caption id="DF0CB0C86E1B3853FF43FB70FEED6C3D" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/253094/files/figure.png" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" targetBox="[151,1436,193,1155]" targetPageId="17">
<paragraph id="8BCCE0406E1B3853FF43FB70FEED6C3D" blockId="17.[151,1437,1176,1321]" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">
<emphasis id="B9073C526E1B3853FF43FB70FED66DB9" bold="true" box="[151,275,1176,1198]" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">FIGURE 8.</emphasis>
Spotted male faces. (A) 
<taxonomicName id="4C739BC36E1B3853FDC7FB70FD786DBA" box="[531,701,1176,1198]" class="Insecta" family="Andrenidae" genus="Perdita" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="arenaria">
<emphasis id="B9073C526E1B3853FDC7FB70FD786DBA" box="[531,701,1176,1198]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">Perdita arenaria</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(UCRC166001; Baja California, MEX). (B) 
<taxonomicName id="4C739BC36E1B3853FB58FB72FB3F6DBA" box="[1164,1274,1176,1199]" class="Insecta" family="Andrenidae" genus="Perdita" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="frontalis">
<emphasis id="B9073C526E1B3853FB58FB72FB3F6DBA" box="[1164,1274,1176,1199]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">P. frontalis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(BBSL813803; Imperial Co., CA). (C) 
<taxonomicName id="4C739BC36E1B3853FE59FB50FDCC6DD9" box="[397,521,1207,1229]" class="Insecta" family="Andrenidae" genus="Perdita" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="maculosa">
<emphasis id="B9073C526E1B3853FE59FB50FDCC6DD9" box="[397,521,1207,1229]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">P. maculosa</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(BBSL277846; Clark Co., NV). (D) 
<taxonomicName id="4C739BC36E1B3853FC44FB50FBC96DD9" box="[912,1036,1207,1229]" class="Insecta" family="Andrenidae" genus="Perdita" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="nuttalliae">
<emphasis id="B9073C526E1B3853FC44FB50FBC96DD9" box="[912,1036,1207,1229]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">P. nuttalliae</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(paratype, BBSL816134; Harney Co., OR). (E) 
<taxonomicName id="4C739BC36E1B3853FF28FB3FFEAD6DF8" box="[252,360,1239,1260]" class="Insecta" family="Andrenidae" genus="Perdita" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="sycorax">
<emphasis id="B9073C526E1B3853FF28FB3FFEAD6DF8" box="[252,360,1239,1260]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">P. sycorax</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(paratype, 37234; Emery Co., UT). (F) 
<taxonomicName id="4C739BC36E1B3853FCC0FB3FFCB66DF8" box="[788,883,1239,1260]" class="Insecta" family="Andrenidae" genus="Perdita" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="titania">
<emphasis id="B9073C526E1B3853FCC0FB3FFCB66DF8" box="[788,883,1239,1260]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">P. titania</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(paratype, UCRC166000; Imperial Co., CA). (G) 
<taxonomicName id="4C739BC36E1B3853FA5DFB3FFEC46C1E" class="Insecta" family="Andrenidae" genus="Perdita" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="wasbaueri">
<emphasis id="B9073C526E1B3853FA5DFB3FFEC46C1E" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">P. wasbaueri</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(BBSL842195; San Bernardino Co., CA). (H) 
<taxonomicName id="4C739BC36E1B3853FD3FFB1DFC906C1E" box="[747,853,1269,1290]" class="Insecta" family="Andrenidae" genus="Perdita" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="yanegai">
<emphasis id="B9073C526E1B3853FD3FFB1DFC906C1E" box="[747,853,1269,1290]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">P. yanegai</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(paratype, UCRC166011; Riverside Co., CA). All scale bars 0.25 mm.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<paragraph id="8BCCE0406E1B3853FF13FAB9FC746FE0" blockId="17.[151,1437,1360,2033]" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">
<emphasis id="B9073C526E1B3853FF13FAB9FE156C7C" box="[199,464,1360,1385]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">Structure and vestiture.</emphasis>
Head broader than long (
<figureCitation id="1348FCC56E1B3853FD22FAB8FCFE6C7D" box="[758,827,1360,1385]" captionStart="FIGURE 9" captionStartId="18.[151,250,1429,1451]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,445,1408]" captionTargetId="figure@18.[151,1436,445,1408]" captionTargetPageId="18" captionText="FIGURE 9. Spotted female faces. (A) Perdita arenaria (BBSL 813437; Imperial Co., CA). (B) P. frontalis with light marks on frons (BBSL 813822; Imperial Co., CA). (C) P. frontalis without light marks on frons (BBSL 813797; Imperial Co., CA). (D) P. maculosa (UCRC 179125; Riverside Co., CA). (E) P. nuttalliae (142005; Box Elder Co., UT). (F) P. sycorax (paratype, 37239; Emery Co., UT). (G) P. titania (paratype, BBSL 326372; San Bernardino Co., CA). (H) P. wasbaueri (BBSL 842199; San Bernardino Co., CA). (I) P. yanegai (BBSL 282782; Clark Co., NV). All scales bars 0.25 mm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/253095/files/figure.png" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">Fig. 9</figureCitation>
A); face, except for clypeus, lower supraclypeal area, and frons covered by dense recumbent white pubescence; eyes subparallel, slightly converging ventrally; facial fovea diverging dorsally, narrowly oval, extending from top of antennal socket 2/3 distance to apex of eye, generally more or less obscured by pubescence; mandible simple; labrum quadrate, slightly less than 
<date id="FFCDC6806E1B3853FAC8FA55FAFB6CC1" box="[1308,1342,1469,1493]" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">2X</date>
broader than long; disc of clypeus broader than high, convex, apically protruding less than 1 OD from face; lateral extension reaching 1/3 distance to base of mandible; venter of head with abundant inward-facing broadly hooked hairs; mesosoma strongly tessellate, impunctate, slightly shiny; pronotal collar slightly impressed, humeral angle weak; mesepisternum and scutum mostly covered by combination of recumbent and erect white pubescence; fore coxa with abundant, broadly hooked hairs; apex of mid tibia with some short, thick, curved setae; forewing with second medial cell present; metasoma oval, wide basally, tapering apically, widest at T3; terga tessellate and impunctate; T2 fovea linear, slightly thickened, slightly more than 1/2 length of T2; pygidial plate triangular, apex generally rounded (
<figureCitation id="1348FCC56E1B3853FEA5F934FE016FE1" box="[369,452,1756,1781]" captionStart="FIGURE 24" captionStartId="33.[151,250,1707,1729]" captionTargetBox="[282,1289,193,1676]" captionTargetId="figure@33.[282,1289,193,1676]" captionTargetPageId="33" captionText="FIGURE 24. Female pygidial plates. (A) Perdita arenaria (BBSL 289244; Clark Co., NV). (B) P. bellula (103744; San Bernardino Co., CA). (C) P. coldeniae (BBSL 813873; Imperial Co., CA). (D) P. desdemona (holotype, BBSL 289742; San Bernardino Co., CA). (E) P. exusta (paratype, 141946; Clark Co., NV). (F) P. frontalis (BBSL 813797; Imperial Co., CA). (G) P. hippolyta (paratype, BBSL 844647; Culberson Co., TX). (H) P. hooki (paratype, 141840; Terrell Co., TX). (I) P. maculosa (UCRC 179125; Riverside Co., CA). (J) P. nuttalliae (142005; Box Elder Co., UT). (K) P. optiva (BBSL 284974; Clark Co., NV). (L) P. pilonotata (neotype, UCRC 182770; Otero Co., NM). (M) P. prodigiosa (paratype, BBSL 319169; Clark Co., NV). (N) P. rhodogastra, pointed (FDP 102612; Maricopa Co., AZ). (O) P. rhodogastra, rounded (BBSL 271674; Clark Co., NV). (P) P. scutellaris (BBSL 904845; Imperial Co., CA). (Q) P. sexfasciata (BBSL 295303; Clark Co., NV). (R) P. sycorax (paratype, 37238; Emery Co., UT). (S) P. titania (holotype, BBSL 326372; San Bernardino Co., CA). (T) P. trifasciata (FDP 75046; Brewster Co., TX). (U) P. vesca (BBSL 339200; Nye Co., NV). (V) P. wasbaueri (141836; Imperial Co., CA). (W) P. yanegai (UCRC 221828; San Bernardino Co., CA). Scale bar = 0.1 mm. All images are at the same scale." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/253110/files/figure.png" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">Fig. 24</figureCitation>
A); hairs of prepygidial fimbria thin, sparse.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BCCE0406E1B3853FF13F8E8FC056E0C" blockId="17.[151,1437,1360,2033]" box="[199,960,1792,1817]" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">
<emphasis id="B9073C526E1B3853FF13F8E8FE166E0D" bold="true" box="[199,467,1792,1817]" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">Redescription of male.</emphasis>
Length: 
<quantity id="4C8B4DA56E1B3853FDECF8E9FD546E0C" box="[568,657,1793,1817]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.7" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" unit="mm" value="2.7">2.7 mm</quantity>
. Forewing length: 
<quantity id="4C8B4DA56E1B3853FCB7F8E9FC796E0C" box="[867,956,1793,1817]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.8" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" unit="mm" value="1.8">1.8 mm</quantity>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BCCE0406E1B3850FF13F8CCFC14689C" blockId="17.[151,1437,1360,2033]" lastBlockId="18.[151,1437,151,392]" lastPageId="18" lastPageNumber="19" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">
<emphasis id="B9073C526E1B3853FF13F8CCFE8C6E29" box="[199,329,1828,1853]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">Coloration.</emphasis>
Head (
<figureCitation id="1348FCC56E1B3853FE77F8CCFE2C6E29" box="[419,489,1828,1853]" captionStart="FIGURE 8" captionStartId="17.[151,250,1176,1198]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,193,1155]" captionTargetId="figure@17.[151,1436,193,1155]" captionTargetPageId="17" captionText="FIGURE 8. Spotted male faces. (A) Perdita arenaria (UCRC 166001; Baja California, MEX). (B) P. frontalis (BBSL 813803; Imperial Co., CA). (C) P. maculosa (BBSL 277846; Clark Co., NV). (D) P. nuttalliae (paratype, BBSL 816134; Harney Co., OR). (E) P. sycorax (paratype, 37234; Emery Co., UT). (F) P. titania (paratype, UCRC 166000; Imperial Co., CA). (G) P. wasbaueri (BBSL 842195; San Bernardino Co., CA). (H) P. yanegai (paratype, UCRC 166011; Riverside Co., CA). All scale bars 0.25 mm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/253094/files/figure.png" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">Fig. 8</figureCitation>
A) and mesosoma base color metallic greenish-bronze; clypeus white, yellow on dorsal and lateral margins; supraclypeal mark yellowish-white, large, transverse; paraocular mark white below, yellow above, more or less completely covering lateral areas below level of facial fovea, continuing up and encircling eye in thin line; subantennal area yellow along margin of antennal socket; mandible white, tip reddish; labrum white, sometimes with basomedial dark spot; scape yellow; antenna yellow, brownish dorsally; pronotal collar yellow; pronotal lobe yellow; metapleuron and anterior propodeum yellow; ventral surface of mesepisternum yellow medially and posteriorly; propodeum with yellow triangle dorso-anteriorly (
<figureCitation id="1348FCC56E183850FB27FF7FFA8269A4" box="[1267,1351,151,176]" captionStart="FIGURE 25" captionStartId="34.[151,250,697,719]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,193,676]" captionTargetId="figure@34.[151,1436,193,676]" captionTargetPageId="34" captionText="FIGURE 25. Perdita arenaria (A) female lateral habitus (BBSL 813432; Imperial Co., CA), (B) male lateral habitus (UCRC 166001; Baja California, MEX). Scale bars = 1 mm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/253111/files/figure.png" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">Fig. 25</figureCitation>
B); legs yellow except brown on dorsoapical spot on hind femur, large mark medially on hind tibia, and hind tarsi slightly darkened (
<figureCitation id="1348FCC56E183850FEDBFF37FEA069EC" box="[271,357,223,248]" captionStart="FIGURE 25" captionStartId="34.[151,250,697,719]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,193,676]" captionTargetId="figure@34.[151,1436,193,676]" captionTargetPageId="34" captionText="FIGURE 25. Perdita arenaria (A) female lateral habitus (BBSL 813432; Imperial Co., CA), (B) male lateral habitus (UCRC 166001; Baja California, MEX). Scale bars = 1 mm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/253111/files/figure.png" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">Fig. 25</figureCitation>
B); wing veins transparent tan or light brown; metasoma yellow or white with multiple brown spots (
<figureCitation id="1348FCC56E183850FF34FEECFEE66808" box="[224,291,260,285]" captionStart="FIGURE 7" captionStartId="16.[151,250,1873,1895]" captionTargetBox="[177,1413,193,1842]" captionTargetId="figure@16.[177,1413,193,1842]" captionTargetPageId="16" captionText="FIGURE 7. Spotted female metasomas. (A) Perdita arenaria (BBSL 813432; Imperial Co., CA). (B) P. frontalis (BBSL 813797; Imperial Co., CA). (C) P. maculosa (BBSL 638406; Clark Co., NV). (D) P. nuttalliae (paratype, BBSL 816167; Harney Co., OR). (E) P. sycorax (paratype, BBSL 389685; Emery Co., UT). (F) P. titania (paratype, BBSL 342256; San Bernardino Co., CA). (G) P. wasbaueri (141836; Imperial Co., CA). (H) P. yanegai (BBSL 282782; Clark Co., NV). (I) P. bellula with distinct spots (FDP 161540; Riverside Co., CA). All scale bars 0.5 mm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/253093/files/figure.png" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">Fig. 7</figureCitation>
A); T1 with pair of sublateral splotches on anterior and pair of sublateral spots on dorsal face; T2–T6 with five spots: one medial irregular spot, two baso-lateral small spots (spot on T2 more transverse), and two prominent apico-sublateral spots, medial spots and spots on apical terga often reduced or absent; T2 fovea dark brown, merging with baso-lateral spots; pygidial plate transparent yellow.
</paragraph>
<caption id="DF0CB0C86E183850FF43FA7DFB8E6F32" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/253095/files/figure.png" pageId="18" pageNumber="19" targetBox="[151,1436,445,1408]" targetPageId="18">
<paragraph id="8BCCE0406E183850FF43FA7DFB8E6F32" blockId="18.[151,1437,1429,1575]" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">
<emphasis id="B9073C526E183850FF43FA7DFED76CBF" bold="true" box="[151,274,1429,1451]" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">FIGURE 9.</emphasis>
Spotted female faces. (A) 
<taxonomicName id="4C739BC36E183850FDF7FA7DFD096CB8" box="[547,716,1429,1452]" class="Insecta" family="Andrenidae" genus="Perdita" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="18" pageNumber="19" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="arenaria">
<emphasis id="B9073C526E183850FDF7FA7DFD096CB8" box="[547,716,1429,1452]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">Perdita arenaria</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(BBSL813437; Imperial Co., CA). (B) 
<taxonomicName id="4C739BC36E183850FBB5FA7FFB156CBF" box="[1121,1232,1429,1452]" class="Insecta" family="Andrenidae" genus="Perdita" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="18" pageNumber="19" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="frontalis">
<emphasis id="B9073C526E183850FBB5FA7FFB156CBF" box="[1121,1232,1429,1452]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">P. frontalis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
with light marks on frons (BBSL813822; Imperial Co., CA). (C) 
<taxonomicName id="4C739BC36E183850FD8BFA5DFD086CDE" box="[607,717,1460,1482]" class="Insecta" family="Andrenidae" genus="Perdita" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="18" pageNumber="19" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="frontalis">
<emphasis id="B9073C526E183850FD8BFA5DFD086CDE" box="[607,717,1460,1482]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">P. frontalis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
without light marks on frons (BBSL813797; Imperial Co., CA). (D) 
<taxonomicName id="4C739BC36E183850FA5DFA5DFF3D6CFD" class="Insecta" family="Andrenidae" genus="Perdita" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="18" pageNumber="19" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="maculosa">
<emphasis id="B9073C526E183850FA5DFA5DFF3D6CFD" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">P. maculosa</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(UCRC179125; Riverside Co., CA). (E) 
<taxonomicName id="4C739BC36E183850FD49FA3CFCD26CFD" box="[669,791,1491,1513]" class="Insecta" family="Andrenidae" genus="Perdita" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="18" pageNumber="19" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="nuttalliae">
<emphasis id="B9073C526E183850FD49FA3CFCD26CFD" box="[669,791,1491,1513]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">P. nuttalliae</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(142005; Box Elder Co., UT). (F) 
<taxonomicName id="4C739BC36E183850FBAFFA3CFB266CFD" box="[1147,1251,1492,1513]" class="Insecta" family="Andrenidae" genus="Perdita" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="18" pageNumber="19" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="sycorax">
<emphasis id="B9073C526E183850FBAFFA3CFB266CFD" box="[1147,1251,1492,1513]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">P. sycorax</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(paratype, 37239; Emery Co., UT). (G) 
<taxonomicName id="4C739BC36E183850FE55FA1BFE256F1C" box="[385,480,1523,1544]" class="Insecta" family="Andrenidae" genus="Perdita" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="18" pageNumber="19" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="titania">
<emphasis id="B9073C526E183850FE55FA1BFE256F1C" box="[385,480,1523,1544]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">P. titania</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(paratype, BBSL326372; San Bernardino Co., CA). (H) 
<taxonomicName id="4C739BC36E183850FB95FA1BFB036F1C" box="[1089,1222,1522,1544]" class="Insecta" family="Andrenidae" genus="Perdita" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="18" pageNumber="19" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="wasbaueri">
<emphasis id="B9073C526E183850FB95FA1BFB036F1C" box="[1089,1222,1522,1544]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">P. wasbaueri</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(BBSL842199; San Bernardino Co., CA). (I) 
<taxonomicName id="4C739BC36E183850FE43F9FAFDC56F32" box="[407,512,1553,1575]" class="Insecta" family="Andrenidae" genus="Perdita" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="18" pageNumber="19" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="yanegai">
<emphasis id="B9073C526E183850FE43F9FAFDC56F32" box="[407,512,1553,1575]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">P. yanegai</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(BBSL282782; Clark Co., NV). All scales bars 0.25 mm.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<paragraph id="8BCCE0406E183850FF13F9BCFD5E6EC7" blockId="18.[151,1437,1619,2004]" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">
<emphasis id="B9073C526E183850FF13F9BCFE096F7F" box="[199,460,1619,1644]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">Structure and vestiture.</emphasis>
Head oval, width and length equal or slightly broader than long (
<figureCitation id="1348FCC56E183850FB7CF9BBFB2F6F7F" box="[1192,1258,1619,1644]" captionStart="FIGURE 8" captionStartId="17.[151,250,1176,1198]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,193,1155]" captionTargetId="figure@17.[151,1436,193,1155]" captionTargetPageId="17" captionText="FIGURE 8. Spotted male faces. (A) Perdita arenaria (UCRC 166001; Baja California, MEX). (B) P. frontalis (BBSL 813803; Imperial Co., CA). (C) P. maculosa (BBSL 277846; Clark Co., NV). (D) P. nuttalliae (paratype, BBSL 816134; Harney Co., OR). (E) P. sycorax (paratype, 37234; Emery Co., UT). (F) P. titania (paratype, UCRC 166000; Imperial Co., CA). (G) P. wasbaueri (BBSL 842195; San Bernardino Co., CA). (H) P. yanegai (paratype, UCRC 166011; Riverside Co., CA). All scale bars 0.25 mm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/253094/files/figure.png" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">Fig. 8</figureCitation>
A); face, except for clypeus and lower supraclypeal area densely covered by recumbent white pubescence; eyes subparallel, slightly converging ventrally; mandible simple, extending to far side of labrum in repose; labrum quadrate, nearly 
<date id="FFCDC6806E183850FAAEF973FA586FA7" box="[1402,1437,1691,1715]" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">2X</date>
broader than long; disc of clypeus broader than high, convex, apically protruding less than 1 OD from face; lateral extension reaching 2/3 distance to base of mandible; head with dense long thickened pubescence ventrally; mesosoma strongly tessellate, impunctate, slightly shiny; pronotal collar slightly impressed, humeral angle weak; mesepisternum and scutum densely covered by combination of recumbent and erect white pubescence; hind tibia with sparse, short, thickened hairs; metasoma equal in width or very slightly wider than mesosoma, suboval, wide basally, tapering apically, widest at T3 (
<figureCitation id="1348FCC56E183850FDBEF89BFD756E9F" box="[618,688,1907,1932]" captionStart="FIGURE 7" captionStartId="16.[151,250,1873,1895]" captionTargetBox="[177,1413,193,1842]" captionTargetId="figure@16.[177,1413,193,1842]" captionTargetPageId="16" captionText="FIGURE 7. Spotted female metasomas. (A) Perdita arenaria (BBSL 813432; Imperial Co., CA). (B) P. frontalis (BBSL 813797; Imperial Co., CA). (C) P. maculosa (BBSL 638406; Clark Co., NV). (D) P. nuttalliae (paratype, BBSL 816167; Harney Co., OR). (E) P. sycorax (paratype, BBSL 389685; Emery Co., UT). (F) P. titania (paratype, BBSL 342256; San Bernardino Co., CA). (G) P. wasbaueri (141836; Imperial Co., CA). (H) P. yanegai (BBSL 282782; Clark Co., NV). (I) P. bellula with distinct spots (FDP 161540; Riverside Co., CA). All scale bars 0.5 mm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/253093/files/figure.png" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">Fig. 7</figureCitation>
A); terga tessellate and impunctate; T2 fovea narrowly oval, 1/4 length of T2; pygidial plate narrowly triangular, apex rounded, approaching truncate (
<figureCitation id="1348FCC56E183850FB66F87FFAC86EBB" box="[1202,1293,1943,1968]" captionStart="FIGURE 23" captionStartId="32.[151,250,1645,1667]" captionTargetBox="[300,1275,185,1621]" captionTargetId="figure@32.[300,1275,185,1621]" captionTargetPageId="32" captionText="FIGURE 23. Male pygidial plates. (A) Perdita arenaria (BBSL 814703; Imperial Co., CA). (B) P. bellula (103717; San Bernardino Co., CA). (C) P. coldeniae (UCRC 277998; Imperial Co., CA). (D) P. exusta (141888; Clark Co., NV). (E) P. frontalis (BBSL 989204; Imperial Co., CA). (F) P. hippolyta (paratype, BBSL 844677; Culberson Co., TX). (G) P. hooki (note: the pygidial plate is from a dissected specimen and the lateral edges have been artificially enhanced to give a better idea of the lateral edges, paratype, BBSL 852902; Coahuila de Zaragoza, MEX). (H) P. maculosa (BBSL 668379; Clark Co., NV). (I) P. nuttalliae (paratype, BBSL 816190; Harney Co., OR). (J) P. optiva (BBSL 813428; Imperial Co., CA). (K) P. pilonotata (CAVE 17654; Eddy Co., NM). (L) P. prodigiosa (paratype, BBSL 344085; Clark Co., NV). (M) P. rhodogastra (UCRC 277717; Yuma Co., AZ). (N) P. scutellaris (DEVA 55305; San Bernardino Co., CA). (O) P. sexfasciata (141736; San Bernardino Co., CA). (P) P. sycorax (note: the picture is taken at an angle but it still accurately represents the shape the pygidial plate, paratype, 37225; Emery Co., UT). (Q) P. titania (pygidial plate is artificially outlined for better visibility, paratype, UCRC 166000; Imperial Co., CA). (R) P. trifasciata (141767; Chihuahua, MEX). (S) P. vesca (BBSL 816156; Harney Co., OR). (T) P. wasbaueri (BBSL 904842; Imperial Co., CA). (U) P. yanegai (UCRC 50407; Riverside Co., CA). Scale bar = 0.1 mm. All images are at the same scale." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/253109/files/figure.png" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">Fig. 23</figureCitation>
A); hairs of prepygidial fimbria slightly thickened, sparse.
</paragraph>
<caption id="DF0CB0C86E193851FF43F8B7FCE46EC5" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/253096/files/figure.png" pageId="19" pageNumber="20" targetBox="[162,1406,193,1852]" targetPageId="19">
<paragraph id="8BCCE0406E193851FF43F8B7FCE46EC5" blockId="19.[151,1436,1887,2001]" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">
<emphasis id="B9073C526E193851FF43F8B7FEDA6E60" bold="true" box="[151,287,1887,1909]" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">FIGURE 10.</emphasis>
Striped male metasomas. (A) 
<taxonomicName id="4C739BC36E193851FD87F8B7FD216E61" box="[595,740,1887,1909]" class="Insecta" family="Andrenidae" genus="Perdita" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="19" pageNumber="20" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="optiva">
<emphasis id="B9073C526E193851FD87F8B7FD216E61" box="[595,740,1887,1909]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">Perdita optiva</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(BBSL288698; Clark Co., NV). (B) 
<taxonomicName id="4C739BC36E193851FB89F888FB226E61" box="[1117,1255,1887,1909]" class="Insecta" family="Andrenidae" genus="Perdita" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="19" pageNumber="20" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="sexfasciata">
<emphasis id="B9073C526E193851FB89F888FB226E61" box="[1117,1255,1887,1909]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">P. sexfasciata</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(141743; Mojave Co., AZ). (C) 
<taxonomicName id="4C739BC36E193851FEF1F897FE636E87" box="[293,422,1917,1940]" class="Insecta" family="Andrenidae" genus="Perdita" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="19" pageNumber="20" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="trifasciata">
<emphasis id="B9073C526E193851FEF1F897FE636E87" box="[293,422,1917,1940]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">P. trifasciata</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(141760; Terrell Co., TX). (D) 
<taxonomicName id="4C739BC36E193851FD33F897FC826E87" box="[743,839,1917,1940]" class="Insecta" family="Andrenidae" genus="Perdita" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="19" pageNumber="20" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="bellula">
<emphasis id="B9073C526E193851FD33F897FC826E87" box="[743,839,1917,1940]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">P. bellula</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
dark form (FDP161544; Riverside Co., CA). (E) 
<taxonomicName id="4C739BC36E193851FAE9F897FA596E87" box="[1341,1436,1917,1940]" class="Insecta" family="Andrenidae" genus="Perdita" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="19" pageNumber="20" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="bellula">
<emphasis id="B9073C526E193851FAE9F897FA596E87" box="[1341,1436,1917,1940]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">P. bellula</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
typical light form (BBSL817812; Mojave Co., AZ). (F) 
<taxonomicName id="4C739BC36E193851FD3DF875FCA26EA6" box="[745,871,1948,1970]" class="Insecta" family="Andrenidae" genus="Perdita" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="19" pageNumber="20" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="coldeniae">
<emphasis id="B9073C526E193851FD3DF875FCA26EA6" box="[745,871,1948,1970]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">P. coldeniae</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(UCRC169099; Imperial Co., CA). (G) 
<taxonomicName id="4C739BC36E193851FAC2F875FA596EA6" box="[1302,1436,1948,1970]" class="Insecta" family="Andrenidae" genus="Perdita" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="19" pageNumber="20" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="scutellaris">
<emphasis id="B9073C526E193851FAC2F875FA596EA6" box="[1302,1436,1948,1970]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">P. scutellaris</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(DEVA55309; San Bernardino Co., CA). All scale bars 0.5 mm.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<caption id="DF0CB0C86E1E3856FF43FAA5FBD26CB5" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/253097/files/figure.png" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" targetBox="[151,1436,193,1336]" targetPageId="20">
<paragraph id="8BCCE0406E1E3856FF43FAA5FBD26CB5" blockId="20.[151,1435,1357,1441]" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">
<emphasis id="B9073C526E1E3856FF43FAA5FEED6C77" bold="true" box="[151,296,1357,1379]" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">FIGURE 11.</emphasis>
Striped female metasomas. (A) 
<taxonomicName id="4C739BC36E1E3856FD4BFAA5FCFC6C70" box="[671,825,1357,1380]" class="Insecta" family="Andrenidae" genus="Perdita" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="optiva">
<emphasis id="B9073C526E1E3856FD4BFAA5FCFC6C70" box="[671,825,1357,1380]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">Perdita optiva</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(BBSL813638; Imperial Co., CA). (B) 
<taxonomicName id="4C739BC36E1E3856FADDFAA7FA5E6C77" box="[1289,1435,1357,1380]" class="Insecta" family="Andrenidae" genus="Perdita" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="sexfasciata">
<emphasis id="B9073C526E1E3856FADDFAA7FA5E6C77" box="[1289,1435,1357,1380]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">P. sexfasciata</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(UCRC266156; La Paz Co., AZ). (C) 
<taxonomicName id="4C739BC36E1E3856FDCDFA85FD5C6C96" box="[537,665,1388,1410]" class="Insecta" family="Andrenidae" genus="Perdita" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="trifasciata">
<emphasis id="B9073C526E1E3856FDCDFA85FD5C6C96" box="[537,665,1388,1410]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">P. trifasciata</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(141780; Chihuahua, MEX). (D) 
<taxonomicName id="4C739BC36E1E3856FC27FA85FBAB6C96" box="[1011,1134,1388,1410]" class="Insecta" family="Andrenidae" genus="Perdita" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="coldeniae">
<emphasis id="B9073C526E1E3856FC27FA85FBAB6C96" box="[1011,1134,1388,1410]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">P. coldeniae</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(BBSL813863; Imperial Co., CA). (E) 
<taxonomicName id="4C739BC36E1E3856FF22FA64FEBD6CB5" box="[246,376,1419,1441]" class="Insecta" family="Andrenidae" genus="Perdita" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="scutellaris">
<emphasis id="B9073C526E1E3856FF22FA64FEBD6CB5" box="[246,376,1419,1441]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">P. scutellaris</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(UCRC221793; San Bernardino Co., CA). All scale bars 0.5 mm.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<paragraph id="8BCCE0406E1E3856FF13FA25FC9C6E3E" blockId="20.[151,1437,1485,1978]" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">
<emphasis id="B9073C526E1E3856FF13FA25FE8D6CF2" box="[199,328,1485,1510]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">
<taxonomicName id="4C739BC36E1E3856FF13FA25FE806CF2" box="[199,325,1485,1510]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Combretaceae" genus="Terminalia" kingdom="Plantae" order="Myrtales" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">Terminalia</taxonomicName>
.
</emphasis>
S8 (
<figureCitation id="1348FCC56E1E3856FE45FA25FE2B6CF2" box="[401,494,1485,1510]" captionStart="FIGURE 56" captionStartId="92.[151,250,1842,1864]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,222,1822]" captionTargetId="figure@92.[151,1436,222,1822]" captionTargetPageId="92" captionText="FIGURE 56. Male S 8 in dorsal view. (A) Perdita arenaria (BBSL 814693; Imperial Co., CA). (B) P. bellula (BBSL 842486; Riverside Co., CA). (C) P. coldeniae (BBSL 813338; Yuma Co., AZ). (D) P. exusta (BBSL 578345; Clark Co., NV). (E) P. frontalis (BBSL 813814; Imperial Co., CA). (F) P. hippolyta (paratype, CAVE 4578; Eddy Co., NM). (G) P. hooki (paratype, BBSL 852902; Coahuila, MEX). (H) P. maculosa (BBSL 638408; Clark Co., NV). (I) P. nuttalliae (BBSL 816192; Harney Co., OR). (J) P. optiva (BBSL 814695; Imperial Co., CA). (K) P. pilonotata (CAVE 17654; Eddy Co., NM). (L) P. prodigiosa (BBSL 344096; Clark Co., NV). Scale bar = 0.25 mm. All images are at the same scale." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/253142/files/figure.png" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">Fig. 56</figureCitation>
A) with spiculum bifurcate, lateral apodemes not prominent, slightly flexed downwards; apical portion slightly convex, much longer than broad, sides subparallel, weakly converging to strongly truncate apex; apex strongly folded over dorsally, flattened on top, forming a rough C-shape (with lobes pointing dorsally); sparse short hairs ventrally, circle of cuticle thinned subapically. Genital capsule as in 
<figureCitation id="1348FCC56E1E3856FAB1F9D1FF716F62" captionStart="FIGURE 58" captionStartId="94.[151,250,1831,1853]" captionTargetBox="[189,1394,193,1812]" captionTargetId="figure@94.[189,1394,193,1812]" captionTargetPageId="94" captionText="FIGURE 58. Male genital capsules in ventral and dorsal view. (A) Perdita arenaria dorsal and (B) ventral (BBSL 814693; Imperial Co., CA). (C) P. bellula dorsal and (D) ventral (BBSL 307306; Clark Co., NV). (E) P. coldeniae dorsal and (F) ventral (BBSL 817844; Riverside Co., CA). (G) P. exusta dorsal and (H) ventral (141875; Clark Co., NV). (I) P. frontalis dorsal and (J) ventral (BBSL 813814; Imperial Co., CA). (K) P. hippolyta dorsal and (L) ventral (paratype, CAVE 4578; Eddy Co., NM). (M) P. hooki dorsal and (N) ventral (paratype, BBSL 852902; Coahuila, MEX). Scale bar = 0.25 mm. All images are at the same scale." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/253144/files/figure.png" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">Figs. 58</figureCitation>
A–B. Gonostyli separated dorsally by relatively broad V-shape; lobes of gonostylus extending slightly beyond level of penis valve, ventral lobe of gonostylus slightly longer than dorsal lobe with few minute hairs on apex; volsella much shorter than gonostylus; cuspis with couple spicules on outer margin of apex; digitus shorter than cuspis with single spicule on inner margin of apex; penis valve narrow, subparallel, slightly bowed inward medially, narrowed slightly before expanded apex, apex turned slightly outward; endophallus weakly sclerotized basally, extending slightly beyond level of apex of penis valve.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BCCE0406E1E3856FF13F8DDFC966E65" blockId="20.[151,1437,1485,1978]" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">
<emphasis id="B9073C526E1E3856FF13F8DDFDE76E5A" bold="true" box="[199,546,1845,1870]" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">
Floral records. 
<taxonomicName id="4C739BC36E1E3856FE54F8DDFDE76E5A" box="[384,546,1845,1870]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Boraginaceae" kingdom="Plantae" order="Boraginales" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="family">Boraginaceae</taxonomicName>
</emphasis>
(62 ♂ 9 ♀): 
<taxonomicName id="4C739BC36E1E3856FD6CF8DDFCFD6E5A" box="[696,824,1845,1870]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Boraginaceae" genus="Cryptantha" kingdom="Plantae" order="Boraginales" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B9073C526E1E3856FD6CF8DDFCFD6E5A" box="[696,824,1845,1870]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">Cryptantha</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
sp. 9 ♂, 
<taxonomicName id="4C739BC36E1E3856FC76F8DEFC236E59" box="[930,998,1846,1869]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Boraginaceae" genus="Nama" kingdom="Plantae" order="Boraginales" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B9073C526E1E3856FC76F8DEFC236E59" box="[930,998,1846,1869]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">Nama</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
sp. 4 ♂, 
<taxonomicName id="4C739BC36E1E3856FB9AF8DDFAC16E5A" box="[1102,1284,1845,1870]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Boraginaceae" genus="Tiquilia" kingdom="Plantae" order="Boraginales" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="palmeri">
<emphasis id="B9073C526E1E3856FB9AF8DDFAC16E5A" box="[1102,1284,1845,1870]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">Tiquilia palmeri</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
31 ♂ 3 ♀, 
<taxonomicName id="4C739BC36E1E3856FA53F8DEFF206E66" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Boraginaceae" genus="Tiquilia" kingdom="Plantae" order="Boraginales" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="plicata">
<emphasis id="B9073C526E1E3856FA53F8DEFF206E66" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">T. plicata</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
9 ♂ 6 ♀, 
<emphasis id="B9073C526E1E3856FE80F8B3FEAD6E66" box="[340,360,1883,1906]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">T.</emphasis>
sp. 9 ♂, 
<taxonomicName id="4C739BC36E1E3856FE1BF8B1FDFA6E66" box="[463,575,1881,1906]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Fabaceae" kingdom="Plantae" order="Fabales" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="family">
<emphasis id="B9073C526E1E3856FE1BF8B1FDFA6E66" bold="true" box="[463,575,1881,1906]" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">Fabaceae</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(1 ♀): 
<taxonomicName id="4C739BC36E1E3856FD45F8B3FD316E66" box="[657,756,1883,1906]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Fabaceae" genus="Prosopis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Fabales" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B9073C526E1E3856FD45F8B3FD316E66" box="[657,756,1883,1906]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">Prosopis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
sp. 1 ♀.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BCCE0406E1E3856FF13F895FB406E82" blockId="20.[151,1437,1485,1978]" box="[199,1157,1917,1942]" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">
<emphasis id="B9073C526E1E3856FF13F895FE8C6E81" bold="true" box="[199,329,1917,1942]" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">Phenology.</emphasis>
Primarily spring (April to May), except one male collected in September.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C369B3CB6E1E3856FF13F849FBC76EAE" box="[199,1026,1953,1978]" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" type="distribution">
<paragraph id="8BCCE0406E1E3856FF13F849FBC76EAE" blockId="20.[151,1437,1485,1978]" box="[199,1026,1953,1978]" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">
<emphasis id="B9073C526E1E3856FF13F849FEA56EAE" bold="true" box="[199,352,1953,1978]" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">Distribution.</emphasis>
Mojave and Sonoran Deserts (
<figureCitation id="1348FCC56E1E3856FD6FF849FCC86EAE" box="[699,781,1953,1978]" captionStart="FIGURE 26" captionStartId="34.[151,250,1694,1716]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,789,1673]" captionTargetId="figure@34.[151,1436,789,1673]" captionTargetPageId="34" captionText="FIGURE 26. Distribution (males only) of (A) Perdita arenaria and (B) P. yanegai. Scale bar = 100 km." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/253112/files/figure.png" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">Fig. 26</figureCitation>
A), 
<collectingCountry id="F364A0D06E1E3856FCE3F84AFCAA6EAE" box="[823,879,1954,1978]" name="United States of America" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">USA</collectingCountry>
and 
<collectingRegion id="49B72EA26E1E3856FC71F849FC3B6EAE" box="[933,1022,1953,1978]" country="Mexico" name="Mexico" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">
<collectingCountry id="F364A0D06E1E3856FC71F849FC3B6EAE" box="[933,1022,1953,1978]" name="Mexico" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">Mexico</collectingCountry>
</collectingRegion>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<caption id="DF0CB0C86E1F3857FF43FBB2FCE86DDF" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/253098/files/figure.png" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" targetBox="[186,1399,193,1100]" targetPageId="21">
<paragraph id="8BCCE0406E1F3857FF43FBB2FCE86DDF" blockId="21.[151,1437,1114,1227]" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">
<emphasis id="B9073C526E1F3857FF43FBB2FEDA6D7B" bold="true" box="[151,287,1114,1136]" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">FIGURE 12.</emphasis>
Striped male faces. (A) 
<taxonomicName id="4C739BC36E1F3857FDC7FBB2FD666D64" box="[531,675,1114,1136]" class="Insecta" family="Andrenidae" genus="Perdita" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="optiva">
<emphasis id="B9073C526E1F3857FDC7FBB2FD666D64" box="[531,675,1114,1136]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">Perdita optiva</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(BBSL813428; Imperial Co., CA). (B) 
<taxonomicName id="4C739BC36E1F3857FBE0FBB3FB7B6D64" box="[1076,1214,1114,1136]" class="Insecta" family="Andrenidae" genus="Perdita" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="sexfasciata">
<emphasis id="B9073C526E1F3857FBE0FBB3FB7B6D64" box="[1076,1214,1114,1136]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">P. sexfasciata</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(BBSL282900; Clark Co., NV). (C) 
<taxonomicName id="4C739BC36E1F3857FEE1FB92FE7E6D9A" box="[309,443,1144,1167]" class="Insecta" family="Andrenidae" genus="Perdita" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="trifasciata">
<emphasis id="B9073C526E1F3857FEE1FB92FE7E6D9A" box="[309,443,1144,1167]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">P. trifasciata</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(BBSL844684; Culberson Co., TX). (D) 
<taxonomicName id="4C739BC36E1F3857FCAEFB92FC186D9A" box="[890,989,1144,1167]" class="Insecta" family="Andrenidae" genus="Perdita" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="bellula">
<emphasis id="B9073C526E1F3857FCAEFB92FC186D9A" box="[890,989,1144,1167]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">P. bellula</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(BBSL842249; Imperial Co., CA). (E) 
<taxonomicName id="4C739BC36E1F3857FA5DFB92FF3F6DB9" class="Insecta" family="Andrenidae" genus="Perdita" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="coldeniae">
<emphasis id="B9073C526E1F3857FA5DFB92FF3F6DB9" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">P. coldeniae</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, large (BBSL813475; Imperial Co., CA). (F) 
<taxonomicName id="4C739BC36E1F3857FD13FB70FC866DB9" box="[711,835,1175,1197]" class="Insecta" family="Andrenidae" genus="Perdita" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="coldeniae">
<emphasis id="B9073C526E1F3857FD13FB70FC866DB9" box="[711,835,1175,1197]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">P. coldeniae</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, small (BBSL813818; Imperial Co., CA). (G) 
<taxonomicName id="4C739BC36E1F3857FACEFB70FA596DB9" box="[1306,1436,1175,1197]" class="Insecta" family="Andrenidae" genus="Perdita" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="scutellaris">
<emphasis id="B9073C526E1F3857FACEFB70FA596DB9" box="[1306,1436,1175,1197]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">P. scutellaris</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(DEVA55312; San Bernardino Co., CA). All scale bars 0.25 mm.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<caption id="DF0CB0C86E1F3857FF43F89DFEA46EFC" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/253099/files/figure.png" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" targetBox="[182,1406,1277,1889]" targetPageId="21">
<paragraph id="8BCCE0406E1F3857FF43F89DFEA46EFC" blockId="21.[151,1437,1909,2024]" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">
<emphasis id="B9073C526E1F3857FF43F89DFEE46E9F" bold="true" box="[151,289,1909,1931]" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">FIGURE 13.</emphasis>
Striped female faces. (A) 
<taxonomicName id="4C739BC36E1F3857FDE7F89DFD006E98" box="[563,709,1909,1932]" class="Insecta" family="Andrenidae" genus="Perdita" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="optiva">
<emphasis id="B9073C526E1F3857FDE7F89DFD006E98" box="[563,709,1909,1932]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">Perdita optiva</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(BBSL284979; Clark Co., NV). (B) 
<taxonomicName id="4C739BC36E1F3857FB92F89FFB176E9F" box="[1094,1234,1909,1932]" class="Insecta" family="Andrenidae" genus="Perdita" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="sexfasciata">
<emphasis id="B9073C526E1F3857FB92F89FFB176E9F" box="[1094,1234,1909,1932]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">P. sexfasciata</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(UCRC266156; La Paz Co., AZ). (C) 
<taxonomicName id="4C739BC36E1F3857FE8FF87DFE1B6EBE" box="[347,478,1940,1962]" class="Insecta" family="Andrenidae" genus="Perdita" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="trifasciata">
<emphasis id="B9073C526E1F3857FE8FF87DFE1B6EBE" box="[347,478,1940,1962]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">P. trifasciata</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(BBSL347789; Eddy Co., NM). (D) 
<taxonomicName id="4C739BC36E1F3857FCBDF87DFC226EBE" box="[873,999,1940,1962]" class="Insecta" family="Andrenidae" genus="Perdita" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="coldeniae">
<emphasis id="B9073C526E1F3857FCBDF87DFC226EBE" box="[873,999,1940,1962]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">P. coldeniae</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(BBSL813434; Imperial Co., CA). (E) 
<taxonomicName id="4C739BC36E1F3857FA5DF87DFEC46EDD" class="Insecta" family="Andrenidae" genus="Perdita" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="scutellaris">
<emphasis id="B9073C526E1F3857FA5DF87DFEC46EDD" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">P. scutellaris</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(DEVA55307; San Bernardino Co., CA). (F) 
<taxonomicName id="4C739BC36E1F3857FD08F85CFCA46EDD" box="[732,865,1971,1993]" class="Insecta" family="Andrenidae" genus="Perdita" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="scutellaris">
<emphasis id="B9073C526E1F3857FD08F85CFCA46EDD" box="[732,865,1971,1993]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">P. scutellaris</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
mandible (DEVA55062; San Bernardino Co., CA). All scale bars 0.25 mm.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<caption id="DF0CB0C86E1C3854FF43F93BFB326E77" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/253100/files/figure.png" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" targetBox="[151,1435,193,1725]" targetPageId="22">
<paragraph id="8BCCE0406E1C3854FF43F93BFB326E77" blockId="22.[151,1436,1747,1891]" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">
<emphasis id="B9073C526E1C3854FF43F93BFEE46FFC" bold="true" box="[151,289,1747,1769]" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">FIGURE 14.</emphasis>
Ant-like males. (A) 
<taxonomicName id="4C739BC36E1C3854FE2DF93BFD716FFD" box="[505,692,1747,1769]" class="Insecta" family="Andrenidae" genus="Perdita" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="pilonotata">
<emphasis id="B9073C526E1C3854FE2DF93BFD716FFD" box="[505,692,1747,1769]" italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">Perdita pilonotata</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
small-headed male (BBSL808042; Chihuahua, MEX). (B) 
<taxonomicName id="4C739BC36E1C3854FACEF93CFA596FFD" box="[1306,1436,1747,1769]" class="Insecta" family="Andrenidae" genus="Perdita" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="pilonotata">
<emphasis id="B9073C526E1C3854FACEF93CFA596FFD" box="[1306,1436,1747,1769]" italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">P. pilonotata</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
large-headed male (BBSL810335; Chihuahua, MEX). (C) 
<taxonomicName id="4C739BC36E1C3854FD2CF91AFCBE6E13" box="[760,891,1777,1799]" class="Insecta" family="Andrenidae" genus="Perdita" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="pilonotata">
<emphasis id="B9073C526E1C3854FD2CF91AFCBE6E13" box="[760,891,1777,1799]" italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">P. pilonotata</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
metasoma (BBSL808042). (D) 
<taxonomicName id="4C739BC36E1C3854FB1FF91AFA916E13" box="[1227,1364,1777,1799]" class="Insecta" family="Andrenidae" genus="Perdita" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="prodigiosa">
<emphasis id="B9073C526E1C3854FB1FF91AFA916E13" box="[1227,1364,1777,1799]" italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">P. prodigiosa</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
smallheaded male (paratype, BBSL813551; Clark Co., NV). (E) 
<taxonomicName id="4C739BC36E1C3854FCD0F8F9FC496E32" box="[772,908,1808,1830]" class="Insecta" family="Andrenidae" genus="Perdita" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="prodigiosa">
<emphasis id="B9073C526E1C3854FCD0F8F9FC496E32" box="[772,908,1808,1830]" italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">P. prodigiosa</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
large-headed male (paratype, BBSL813549; Clark Co., NV). (F) 
<taxonomicName id="4C739BC36E1C3854FEF8F8D8FE766E50" box="[300,435,1838,1861]" class="Insecta" family="Andrenidae" genus="Perdita" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="prodigiosa">
<emphasis id="B9073C526E1C3854FEF8F8D8FE766E50" box="[300,435,1838,1861]" italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">P. prodigiosa</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
metasoma (paratype, BBSL344092; Clark Co., NV). Scale bars of heads 0.25 mm, scale bars of metasoma 0.5 mm. Note: Both species have males with intergrading medium-sized heads that are not pictured.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<caption id="DF0CB0C86E1D3855FF43FAA1FEBE6CAF" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/253101/files/figure.png" pageId="23" pageNumber="24" targetBox="[151,1436,193,1332]" targetPageId="23">
<paragraph id="8BCCE0406E1D3855FF43FAA1FEBE6CAF" blockId="23.[151,1437,1353,1467]" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">
<emphasis id="B9073C526E1D3855FF43FAA1FEE16C4A" bold="true" box="[151,292,1353,1375]" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">FIGURE 15.</emphasis>
Amber male metasomas. (A) 
<taxonomicName id="4C739BC36E1D3855FDBFFAA1FCF86C4B" box="[619,829,1353,1375]" class="Insecta" family="Andrenidae" genus="Perdita" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="23" pageNumber="24" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="rhodogastra">
<emphasis id="B9073C526E1D3855FDBFFAA1FCF86C4B" box="[619,829,1353,1375]" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">Perdita rhodogastra</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, typical form (BBSL817862; Riverside Co., CA). (B) 
<taxonomicName id="4C739BC36E1D3855FA5DFAA2FED16C6A" class="Insecta" family="Andrenidae" genus="Perdita" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="23" pageNumber="24" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="rhodogastra">
<emphasis id="B9073C526E1D3855FA5DFAA2FED16C6A" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">P. rhodogastra</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, dark with medial bars (paratype, UCRC185330; Imperial Co., CA). (C) 
<taxonomicName id="4C739BC36E1D3855FBC8FA81FB526C6A" box="[1052,1175,1384,1406]" class="Insecta" family="Andrenidae" genus="Perdita" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="23" pageNumber="24" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="hippolyta">
<emphasis id="B9073C526E1D3855FBC8FA81FB526C6A" box="[1052,1175,1384,1406]" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">P. hippolyta</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(paratype, BBSL844677 Culberson Co., TX). (D) 
<taxonomicName id="4C739BC36E1D3855FE42FA6FFE226C88" box="[406,487,1414,1436]" class="Insecta" family="Andrenidae" genus="Perdita" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="23" pageNumber="24" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="hooki">
<emphasis id="B9073C526E1D3855FE42FA6FFE226C88" box="[406,487,1414,1436]" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">P. hooki</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(paratype, 141837; Terrell Co., TX). (E) 
<taxonomicName id="4C739BC36E1D3855FC5FFA6FFC2E6C88" box="[907,1003,1414,1436]" class="Insecta" family="Andrenidae" genus="Perdita" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="23" pageNumber="24" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="bellula">
<emphasis id="B9073C526E1D3855FC5FFA6FFC2E6C88" box="[907,1003,1414,1436]" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">P. bellula</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, cyanided (BBSL315311; Clark Co., NV). All scale bars 0.5 mm.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<subSubSection id="C369B3CB6E1D385AFF13FA0FFD216B28" lastPageId="24" lastPageNumber="25" pageId="23" pageNumber="24" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph id="8BCCE0406E1D3855FF13FA0FFE5B6FE8" blockId="23.[151,1436,1511,2005]" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">
<materialsCitation id="3B1BEA1D6E1D3855FF13FA0FFED16F5C" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="1425219655" collectingDate="1937-04-17" collectionCode="CAS" collectorName="P. H. Timberlake" county="Riverside Co." location="Edom" pageId="23" pageNumber="24" specimenCount="1" specimenCount-male="1" stateProvince="CALIFORNIA" typeStatus="holotype">
<emphasis id="B9073C526E1D3855FF13FA0FFE2A6CEB" bold="true" box="[199,495,1511,1536]" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">
<typeStatus id="54C85EE26E1D3855FF13FA0FFEC76F14" box="[199,258,1511,1536]" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">Type</typeStatus>
material examined.
</emphasis>
<typeStatus id="54C85EE26E1D3855FE23FA0FFD9A6F14" box="[503,607,1511,1536]" pageId="23" pageNumber="24" type="holotype">Holotype</typeStatus>
data: 
<specimenCount id="9D752BC96E1D3855FD71FA00FD796CEB" box="[677,700,1512,1535]" pageId="23" pageNumber="24" type="male">♂</specimenCount>
, 
<emphasis id="B9073C526E1D3855FD1CFA0FFBFC6F14" bold="true" box="[712,1081,1511,1536]" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">
<collectingRegion id="49B72EA26E1D3855FD1CFA0FFC446F14" box="[712,897,1511,1536]" country="United States of America" name="California" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">CALIFORNIA</collectingRegion>
: 
<collectingCounty id="62AD98CC6E1D3855FC59FA0FFBF16F14" box="[909,1076,1511,1536]" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">Riverside Co.</collectingCounty>
:
</emphasis>
<quantity id="4C8B4DA56E1D3855FB94FA00FB566F14" box="[1088,1171,1511,1536]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="6.437376" pageId="23" pageNumber="24" unit="mi" value="4.0">4 miles</quantity>
east of 
<location id="8EACB69B6E1D3855FB38FA0FFAF76F14" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03DA51566E07385BFF43F9CDFC146E82:8EACB69B6E1D3855FB38FA0FFAF76F14" box="[1260,1330,1511,1536]" county="Riverside Co." name="Edom" pageId="23" pageNumber="24" stateProvince="CALIFORNIA">Edom</location>
, 
<collectingDate id="EF893F686E1D3855FAEAFA00FF176F30" pageId="23" pageNumber="24" value="1937-04-17">
<date id="FFCDC6806E1D3855FAEAFA00FF176F30" pageId="23" pageNumber="24" value="1937-04-17">17 April 1937</date>
</collectingDate>
, 
<collectorName id="268685966E1D3855FF0AF9E5FE5D6F31" box="[222,408,1548,1573]" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">P.H. Timberlake</collectorName>
, at flowers of 
<taxonomicName id="4C739BC36E1D3855FDE8F9E4FCC66F31" box="[572,771,1548,1573]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Boraginaceae" genus="Coldenia" kingdom="Plantae" order="Boraginales" pageId="23" pageNumber="24" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="palmeri">
<emphasis id="B9073C526E1D3855FDE8F9E4FCC66F31" box="[572,771,1548,1573]" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">Coldenia palmeri</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
[= 
<taxonomicName id="4C739BC36E1D3855FCF0F9E4FAD06F31" authority="(A. Gray) A.T. Richardson" authorityName="(A. Gray) A.T. Richardson" box="[804,1301,1548,1573]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Boraginaceae" genus="Tiquilia" kingdom="Plantae" order="Boraginales" pageId="23" pageNumber="24" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="palmeri">
<emphasis id="B9073C526E1D3855FCF0F9E4FC1F6F31" box="[804,986,1548,1573]" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">Tiquilia palmeri</emphasis>
(A. Gray) A.T. Richardson
</taxonomicName>
] (
<collectionCode id="ED6278856E1D3855FAFFF9E4FAA66F30" box="[1323,1379,1548,1572]" country="USA" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15690" name="California Academy of Sciences" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">CAS</collectionCode>
<typeStatus id="54C85EE26E1D3855FABFF9E5FA596F31" box="[1387,1436,1549,1573]" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">type</typeStatus>
no. 14426)
</materialsCitation>
. 
<materialsCitation id="3B1BEA1D6E1D3855FECBF9C7FCF16F5C" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="1425219657" box="[287,820,1583,1608]" collectingDate="1937-04-17" collectionCode="CAS" collectorName="P. H. Timberlake" county="Riverside Co." location="Edom" pageId="23" pageNumber="24" specimenCount="1" specimenCount-female="1" stateProvince="CALIFORNIA" typeStatus="allotype">
<typeStatus id="54C85EE26E1D3855FECBF9C7FE446F5C" box="[287,385,1583,1608]" pageId="23" pageNumber="24" type="allotype">Allotype</typeStatus>
data: 
<specimenCount id="9D752BC96E1D3855FE12F9D8FE1E6F53" box="[454,475,1584,1607]" pageId="23" pageNumber="24" type="female">♀</specimenCount>
, same data as holotype (
<collectionCode id="ED6278856E1D3855FD24F9D8FCE96F5C" box="[752,812,1584,1608]" country="USA" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15690" name="California Academy of Sciences" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">CAS</collectionCode>
)
</materialsCitation>
. 
<materialsCitation id="3B1BEA1D6E1D3855FCEBF9D8FB036F79" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="1425219650" collectingDate="1952-05-01" collectorName="P. H. Timberlake" county="Imperial Co." location="Imperial Co." pageId="23" pageNumber="24" specimenCount="9" specimenCount-female="2" specimenCount-male="7" stateProvince="CALIFORNIA" typeStatus="paratype">
<typeStatus id="54C85EE26E1D3855FCEBF9D8FC646F5C" box="[831,929,1584,1608]" pageId="23" pageNumber="24" type="paratype">Paratype</typeStatus>
data: 
<emphasis id="B9073C526E1D3855FC32F9C7FA886F5C" bold="true" box="[998,1357,1583,1608]" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">
<collectingRegion id="49B72EA26E1D3855FC32F9C7FB5A6F5C" box="[998,1183,1583,1608]" country="United States of America" name="California" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">CALIFORNIA</collectingRegion>
: 
<collectingCounty id="62AD98CC6E1D3855FB7FF9C7FA826F5C" box="[1195,1351,1583,1608]" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">Imperial Co.</collectingCounty>
:
</emphasis>
<locationDeviation id="9A7EF9626E1D3855FA80F9C7FEF06F79" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">
<quantity id="4C8B4DA56E1D3855FA80F9C7FA5E6F5C" box="[1364,1435,1583,1608]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.02336" pageId="23" pageNumber="24" unit="mi" value="2.5">2.5 mi</quantity>
N Plaster City
</locationDeviation>
(32.82777 -115.85194): 
<specimenCount id="9D752BC96E1D3855FD9AF9BDFDBD6F78" box="[590,632,1621,1644]" pageId="23" pageNumber="24" type="male">7 ♂</specimenCount>
<specimenCount id="9D752BC96E1D3855FDABF9BCFD6C6F78" box="[639,681,1620,1644]" pageId="23" pageNumber="24" type="female">2 ♀</specimenCount>
, 
<collectingDate id="EF893F686E1D3855FD63F9BCFC876F79" box="[695,834,1620,1645]" pageId="23" pageNumber="24" value="1952-05-01">
<date id="FFCDC6806E1D3855FD63F9BCFC876F79" box="[695,834,1620,1645]" pageId="23" pageNumber="24" value="1952-05-01">1 May 1952</date>
</collectingDate>
, 
<collectorName id="268685966E1D3855FC99F9BDFBC36F79" box="[845,1030,1620,1645]" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">P.H. Timberlake</collectorName>
, 
<taxonomicName id="4C739BC36E1D3855FBC5F9BCFB036F79" box="[1041,1222,1620,1645]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Boraginaceae" genus="Tiquilia" kingdom="Plantae" order="Boraginales" pageId="23" pageNumber="24" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="palmeri">
<emphasis id="B9073C526E1D3855FBC5F9BCFB036F79" box="[1041,1222,1620,1645]" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">Tiquilia palmeri</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
</materialsCitation>
; 1 ♂, 
<date id="FFCDC6806E1D3855FAD9F9BCFA5D6F79" box="[1293,1432,1620,1645]" pageId="23" pageNumber="24" value="1952-05-01">1 May 1952</date>
, R.C. Dickson, 
<taxonomicName id="4C739BC36E1D3855FEEBF991FE746F84" box="[319,433,1655,1680]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Boraginaceae" genus="Tiquilia" kingdom="Plantae" order="Boraginales" pageId="23" pageNumber="24" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="palmeri">
<emphasis id="B9073C526E1D3855FEEBF991FE746F84" box="[319,433,1655,1680]" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">T. palmeri</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
; Truckhaven (33.2987 -115.9772): 2 ♂, 
<date id="FFCDC6806E1D3855FC55F99FFBD16F84" box="[897,1044,1655,1680]" pageId="23" pageNumber="24" value="1949-04-15">15 Apr 1949</date>
, P.H. Timberlake, 
<taxonomicName id="4C739BC36E1D3855FB32F991FA9F6F84" box="[1254,1370,1655,1680]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Boraginaceae" genus="Tiquilia" kingdom="Plantae" order="Boraginales" pageId="23" pageNumber="24" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="palmeri">
<emphasis id="B9073C526E1D3855FB32F991FA9F6F84" box="[1254,1370,1655,1680]" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">T. palmeri</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
; 
<materialsCitation id="3B1BEA1D6E1D3855FABEF990FA466FA1" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="1425219653" collectingDate="1949-04-15" collectorName="R. C. Dickson" county="Riverside Co." location="Coachella Valley" pageId="23" pageNumber="24" specimenCount="1" specimenCount-male="1" stateProvince="CALIFORNIA" typeStatus="paratype">
<specimenCount id="9D752BC96E1D3855FABEF990FA526F9B" box="[1386,1431,1656,1680]" pageId="23" pageNumber="24" type="male">1 ♂</specimenCount>
, 
<collectingDate id="EF893F686E1D3855FF43F974FEEC6FA0" box="[151,297,1692,1717]" pageId="23" pageNumber="24" value="1949-04-15">
<date id="FFCDC6806E1D3855FF43F974FEEC6FA0" box="[151,297,1692,1717]" pageId="23" pageNumber="24" value="1949-04-15">15 Apr 1949</date>
</collectingDate>
, 
<collectorName id="268685966E1D3855FEE1F974FE0A6FA1" box="[309,463,1692,1717]" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">R.C. Dickson</collectorName>
, 
<taxonomicName id="4C739BC36E1D3855FE08F975FD886FA1" box="[476,589,1692,1717]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Boraginaceae" genus="Tiquilia" kingdom="Plantae" order="Boraginales" pageId="23" pageNumber="24" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="palmeri">
<emphasis id="B9073C526E1D3855FE08F975FD886FA1" box="[476,589,1692,1717]" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">T. palmeri</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
; 
<emphasis id="B9073C526E1D3855FD8AF974FCCF6FA1" bold="true" box="[606,778,1692,1717]" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">
<collectingCounty id="62AD98CC6E1D3855FD8AF974FCC06FA1" box="[606,773,1692,1717]" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">Riverside Co.</collectingCounty>
:
</emphasis>
<locationDeviation id="9A7EF9626E1D3855FCC6F974FC6E6FA1" box="[786,939,1692,1717]" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">
<quantity id="4C8B4DA56E1D3855FCC6F974FC816FA1" box="[786,836,1692,1717]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="6.437376" pageId="23" pageNumber="24" unit="mi" value="4.0">4 mi</quantity>
E Edom
</locationDeviation>
, 
<location id="8EACB69B6E1D3855FC63F974FBB36FA1" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03DA51566E07385BFF43F9CDFC146E82:8EACB69B6E1D3855FC63F974FBB36FA1" box="[951,1142,1692,1717]" county="Riverside Co." name="Coachella Valley" pageId="23" pageNumber="24" stateProvince="CALIFORNIA">Coachella Valley</location>
(33.77305 -116.33111)
</materialsCitation>
: 1 ♂, 
<date id="FFCDC6806E1D3855FF6BF928FE9F6FCC" box="[191,346,1728,1752]" pageId="23" pageNumber="24" value="1937-04-17">17 Apr 1937</date>
, P.H. Timberlake, 
<taxonomicName id="4C739BC36E1D3855FDEDF929FD746FCC" box="[569,689,1727,1752]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Boraginaceae" genus="Tiquilia" kingdom="Plantae" order="Boraginales" pageId="23" pageNumber="24" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="palmeri">
<emphasis id="B9073C526E1D3855FDEDF929FD746FCC" box="[569,689,1727,1752]" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">T. palmeri</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
; Box Canyon (33.58333 -115.93333): 1 ♂, 
<date id="FFCDC6806E1D3855FB16F928FA986FCC" box="[1218,1373,1727,1752]" pageId="23" pageNumber="24" value="1952-04-27">27 Apr 1952</date>
, P.H. Timberlake, 
<taxonomicName id="4C739BC36E1D3855FEF1F90DFE526FE9" box="[293,407,1764,1789]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Boraginaceae" genus="Tiquilia" kingdom="Plantae" order="Boraginales" pageId="23" pageNumber="24" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="palmeri">
<emphasis id="B9073C526E1D3855FEF1F90DFE526FE9" box="[293,407,1764,1789]" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">T. palmeri</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BCCE0406E1D385AFF13F8EFFD216B28" blockId="23.[151,1436,1511,2005]" lastBlockId="24.[151,1437,151,573]" lastPageId="24" lastPageNumber="25" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">
<materialsCitation id="3B1BEA1D6E1D3855FF13F8EFFBC76E34" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="1425219651" box="[199,1026,1799,1824]" country="Mexico" location="MEXICO" pageId="23" pageNumber="24" specimenCount="70" specimenCount-female="13" specimenCount-male="57">
<emphasis id="B9073C526E1D3855FF13F8EFFDF06E34" bold="true" box="[199,565,1799,1824]" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">Additional material examined.</emphasis>
Total specimens: 
<specimenCount id="9D752BC96E1D3855FCD5F8EFFCFC6E0B" box="[769,825,1799,1824]" pageId="23" pageNumber="24" type="male">57 ♂</specimenCount>
<specimenCount id="9D752BC96E1D3855FC95F8E0FCBE6E0B" box="[833,891,1800,1824]" pageId="23" pageNumber="24" type="female">13 ♀</specimenCount>
. 
<collectingCountry id="F364A0D06E1D3855FC5CF8EFFBC76E34" box="[904,1026,1799,1824]" name="Mexico" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">
<emphasis id="B9073C526E1D3855FC5CF8EFFBC76E34" bold="true" box="[904,1026,1799,1824]" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">MEXICO</emphasis>
</collectingCountry>
</materialsCitation>
: 
<materialsCitation id="3B1BEA1D6E1D3855FBDBF8EFFDC86E51" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="1425219660" country="Mexico" location="Mexicali" pageId="23" pageNumber="24" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Baja California">
<collectingRegion id="49B72EA26E1D3855FBDBF8EFFB0C6E34" box="[1039,1225,1799,1824]" country="Mexico" name="Baja California" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">
Baja 
<collectingRegion id="49B72EA26E1D3855FB9AF8EFFB0C6E34" box="[1102,1225,1799,1824]" country="United States of America" name="California" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">California</collectingRegion>
</collectingRegion>
[Norte]: 
<quantity id="4C8B4DA56E1D3855FAEDF8EFFABC6E34" box="[1337,1401,1799,1824]" metricMagnitude="4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.02336" pageId="23" pageNumber="24" unit="mi" value="25.0">25 mi</quantity>
W 
<location id="8EACB69B6E1D3855FF43F8C4FF3E6E51" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03DA51566E07385BFF43F9CDFC146E82:8EACB69B6E1D3855FF43F8C4FF3E6E51" box="[151,251,1836,1861]" country="Mexico" name="Mexicali" pageId="23" pageNumber="24" stateProvince="Baja California">Mexicali</location>
(32.56777 -115.84277)
</materialsCitation>
: 
<materialsCitation id="3B1BEA1D6E1D3855FDCEF8C4FEC86E7C" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="1425219649" collectingDate="1964-04-18" collectorName="E. I. Schlinger. &amp; Ligurta" country="Mexico" county="Yuma Co." location="Yuma Co." pageId="23" pageNumber="24" specimenCount="1" specimenCount-male="1" stateProvince="ARIZONA">
<specimenCount id="9D752BC96E1D3855FDCEF8C4FD8D6E50" box="[538,584,1836,1860]" pageId="23" pageNumber="24" type="male">1 ♂</specimenCount>
, 
<collectingDate id="EF893F686E1D3855FD83F8C4FD296E51" box="[599,748,1836,1861]" pageId="23" pageNumber="24" value="1964-04-18">
<date id="FFCDC6806E1D3855FD83F8C4FD296E51" box="[599,748,1836,1861]" pageId="23" pageNumber="24" value="1964-04-18">18 Apr 1964</date>
</collectingDate>
, 
<collectorName id="268685966E1D3855FD2EF8C5FC586E51" box="[762,925,1836,1861]" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">E.I. Schlinger.</collectorName>
<emphasis id="B9073C526E1D3855FC72F8C4FB796E51" bold="true" box="[934,1212,1836,1861]" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">
<collectingRegion id="49B72EA26E1D3855FC72F8C4FBEA6E51" box="[934,1071,1836,1861]" country="United States of America" name="Arizona" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">ARIZONA</collectingRegion>
: 
<collectingCounty id="62AD98CC6E1D3855FBE9F8C4FB726E51" box="[1085,1207,1836,1861]" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">Yuma Co.</collectingCounty>
:
</emphasis>
<collectorName id="268685966E1D3855FB1DF8C4FADE6E51" box="[1225,1307,1836,1861]" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">Ligurta</collectorName>
(32.6744 - 114.2942)
</materialsCitation>
: 9 ♂, 
<date id="FFCDC6806E1D3855FE80F8B8FE226E7C" box="[340,487,1871,1896]" pageId="23" pageNumber="24" value="1963-04-13">13 Apr 1963</date>
, G.I. Stage, 
<taxonomicName id="4C739BC36E1D3855FDA6F8A7FD376E7C" box="[626,754,1871,1896]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Boraginaceae" genus="Cryptantha" kingdom="Plantae" order="Boraginales" pageId="23" pageNumber="24" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B9073C526E1D3855FDA6F8A7FD376E7C" box="[626,754,1871,1896]" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">Cryptantha</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
sp.; Yuma, 
<quantity id="4C8B4DA56E1D3855FCAFF8B8FC786E7C" box="[891,957,1871,1896]" metricMagnitude="4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.609344" pageId="23" pageNumber="24" unit="mi" value="10.0">10 mi</quantity>
E (32.6691 -114.4682): 1 ♂, 
<date id="FFCDC6806E1D3855FAC6F8B8FA5D6E7C" box="[1298,1432,1871,1896]" pageId="23" pageNumber="24" value="1963-04-08">8 Apr 1963</date>
, G.I. Stage; Yuma (32.72 -114.62): 9 ♂, 
<date id="FFCDC6806E1D3855FD9BF89CFD1A6E99" box="[591,735,1908,1933]" pageId="23" pageNumber="24" value="1955-04-13">13 Apr 1955</date>
, collector unknown, 
<taxonomicName id="4C739BC36E1D3855FC1DF89CFBE56E99" box="[969,1056,1908,1933]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Boraginaceae" genus="Tiquilia" kingdom="Plantae" order="Boraginales" pageId="23" pageNumber="24" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B9073C526E1D3855FC1DF89CFBE56E99" box="[969,1056,1908,1933]" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">Tiquilia</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
sp.; 
<materialsCitation id="3B1BEA1D6E1D3855FB81F89CFA416EA4" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="1425219643" collectingDate="1963-04-08" collectorName="G. I. Stage &amp; Ocotillo &amp; Roadside &amp; Hwy S" country="Mexico" county="Imperial Co." location="Imperial Co." pageId="23" pageNumber="24" specimenCount="12" specimenCount-male="12" stateProvince="CALIFORNIA">
<specimenCount id="9D752BC96E1D3855FB81F89CFB4A6E98" box="[1109,1167,1908,1932]" pageId="23" pageNumber="24" type="male">12 ♂</specimenCount>
, 
<collectingDate id="EF893F686E1D3855FB4FF89CFAD86E99" box="[1179,1309,1908,1933]" pageId="23" pageNumber="24" value="1963-04-08">
<date id="FFCDC6806E1D3855FB4FF89CFAD86E99" box="[1179,1309,1908,1933]" pageId="23" pageNumber="24" value="1963-04-08">8 Apr 1963</date>
</collectingDate>
, 
<collectorName id="268685966E1D3855FAFCF89CFA5D6E98" box="[1320,1432,1908,1932]" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">G.I. Stage</collectorName>
, 
<taxonomicName id="4C739BC36E1D3855FF43F871FECC6EA4" box="[151,265,1943,1968]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Boraginaceae" genus="Tiquilia" kingdom="Plantae" order="Boraginales" pageId="23" pageNumber="24" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="palmeri">
<emphasis id="B9073C526E1D3855FF43F871FECC6EA4" box="[151,265,1943,1968]" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">T. palmeri</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
. 
<emphasis id="B9073C526E1D3855FEC2F87FFDB96EA4" bold="true" box="[278,636,1943,1968]" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">
<collectingRegion id="49B72EA26E1D3855FEC2F87FFE0A6EA4" box="[278,463,1943,1968]" country="United States of America" name="California" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">CALIFORNIA</collectingRegion>
: 
<collectingCounty id="62AD98CC6E1D3855FE0FF87FFDB36EA4" box="[475,630,1943,1968]" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">Imperial Co.</collectingCounty>
:
</emphasis>
<collectorName id="268685966E1D3855FD56F87FFD246EA4" box="[642,737,1943,1968]" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">Ocotillo</collectorName>
, 
<quantity id="4C8B4DA56E1D3855FD38F87FFCFC6EA4" box="[748,825,1943,1968]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.3" pageId="23" pageNumber="24" unit="km" value="5.3">5.3 km</quantity>
ENE; 
<collectorName id="268685966E1D3855FC50F87FFC296EA4" box="[900,1004,1943,1968]" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">Roadside</collectorName>
of 
<collectorName id="268685966E1D3855FBC5F870FB9E6EA4" box="[1041,1115,1944,1968]" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">Hwy S</collectorName>
80 (32.75711 -115.94222)
</materialsCitation>
: 5 ♂ 1 ♀, 
<date id="FFCDC6806E1D3855FF3BF854FEB96EC0" box="[239,380,1980,2005]" pageId="23" pageNumber="24" value="2012-05-02">2 May 2012</date>
, M. C. Orr, 
<taxonomicName id="4C739BC36E1D3855FDD3F855FDBC6EC1" box="[519,633,1980,2005]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Boraginaceae" genus="Tiquilia" kingdom="Plantae" order="Boraginales" pageId="23" pageNumber="24" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="palmeri">
<emphasis id="B9073C526E1D3855FDD3F855FDBC6EC1" box="[519,633,1980,2005]" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">T. palmeri</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
; 1 ♂ 1 ♀, 
<date id="FFCDC6806E1D3855FD2EF854FC426EC0" box="[762,903,1980,2005]" pageId="23" pageNumber="24" value="2012-05-02">2 May 2012</date>
, Z.M. Portman; Ocotillo, 
<quantity id="4C8B4DA56E1D3855FB79F854FB386EC1" box="[1197,1277,1980,2005]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.4" pageId="23" pageNumber="24" unit="km" value="5.4">5.4 km</quantity>
ENE; Coyote Wash (32.75707 -115.94122): 1 ♂, 
<date id="FFCDC6806E12385AFDEDFF70FD0969A4" box="[569,716,152,176]" pageId="24" pageNumber="25" value="2012-05-02">2 May 2012</date>
, Z.M. Portman; 1 ♂, 
<date id="FFCDC6806E12385AFC05FF70FBA669A4" box="[977,1123,152,176]" pageId="24" pageNumber="25" value="2012-05-02">2 May 2012</date>
, Z.M. Portman, 
<taxonomicName id="4C739BC36E12385AFAF3FF71FA5769A4" box="[1319,1426,151,176]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Boraginaceae" genus="Tiquilia" kingdom="Plantae" order="Boraginales" pageId="24" pageNumber="25" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="plicata">
<emphasis id="B9073C526E12385AFAF3FF71FA5769A4" box="[1319,1426,151,176]" italics="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">T. plicata</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
; Ocotillo, 
<quantity id="4C8B4DA56E12385AFED5FF54FE8A69C1" box="[257,335,188,213]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.4" pageId="24" pageNumber="25" unit="km" value="5.4">5.4 km</quantity>
ENE; Coyote Wash (32.75793 -115.94101): 3 ♀, 
<date id="FFCDC6806E12385AFC54FF54FBCF69C0" box="[896,1034,188,213]" pageId="24" pageNumber="25" value="2012-05-02">2 May 2012</date>
, Z.M. Portman, 
<taxonomicName id="4C739BC36E12385AFB15FF55FAEF69C1" box="[1217,1322,188,213]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Boraginaceae" genus="Tiquilia" kingdom="Plantae" order="Boraginales" pageId="24" pageNumber="25" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="plicata">
<emphasis id="B9073C526E12385AFB15FF55FAEF69C1" box="[1217,1322,188,213]" italics="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">T. plicata</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
; Ocotillo, 
<quantity id="4C8B4DA56E12385AFF43FF37FF2069EC" box="[151,229,223,248]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.9" pageId="24" pageNumber="25" unit="km" value="5.9">5.9 km</quantity>
ENE (32.75965 -115.93666): 
<materialsCitation id="3B1BEA1D6E12385AFDEFFF08FF3C6809" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="1425219658" collectingDate="2012-05-02" collectorName="Z. M. Portman &amp; Blythe" country="Mexico" county="Riverside Co." location="Riverside Co." pageId="24" pageNumber="25" specimenCount="1" specimenCount-female="1" stateProvince="CALIFORNIA">
<specimenCount id="9D752BC96E12385AFDEFFF08FDA069E3" box="[571,613,224,248]" pageId="24" pageNumber="25" type="female">1 ♀</specimenCount>
, 
<collectingDate id="EF893F686E12385AFDA0FF08FD3A69EC" box="[628,767,224,248]" pageId="24" pageNumber="25" value="2012-05-02">
<date id="FFCDC6806E12385AFDA0FF08FD3A69EC" box="[628,767,224,248]" pageId="24" pageNumber="25" value="2012-05-02">2 May 2012</date>
</collectingDate>
, 
<collectorName id="268685966E12385AFCDEFF08FC6E69E3" box="[778,939,224,247]" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">Z.M. Portman</collectorName>
, 
<taxonomicName id="4C739BC36E12385AFC62FF09FBDD69EC" box="[950,1048,225,248]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Fabaceae" genus="Prosopis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Fabales" pageId="24" pageNumber="25" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B9073C526E12385AFC62FF09FBDD69EC" box="[950,1048,225,248]" italics="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">Prosopis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
sp.; 
<emphasis id="B9073C526E12385AFB9BFF37FB3E69EC" bold="true" box="[1103,1275,223,248]" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">
<collectingCounty id="62AD98CC6E12385AFB9BFF37FB3069EC" box="[1103,1269,223,248]" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">Riverside Co.</collectingCounty>
:
</emphasis>
<collectorName id="268685966E12385AFAD6FF37FA8869EC" box="[1282,1357,223,248]" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">Blythe</collectorName>
(33.61 -114.59)
</materialsCitation>
: 
<materialsCitation id="3B1BEA1D6E12385AFED0FEECFA886809" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="1425219639" box="[260,1357,260,285]" collectingDate="1969-04-16" collectorName="P. F. Torchio &amp; Ibex Dunes" country="Mexico" county="San Bernardino Co." location="San Bernardino Co." pageId="24" pageNumber="25" specimenCount="4" specimenCount-male="4" stateProvince="CALIFORNIA">
<specimenCount id="9D752BC96E12385AFED0FEECFEEA6808" box="[260,303,260,284]" pageId="24" pageNumber="25" type="male">4 ♂</specimenCount>
, 
<collectingDate id="EF893F686E12385AFEEFFEECFE0F6809" box="[315,458,260,285]" pageId="24" pageNumber="25" value="1969-04-16">
<date id="FFCDC6806E12385AFEEFFEECFE0F6809" box="[315,458,260,285]" pageId="24" pageNumber="25" value="1969-04-16">16 Apr 1969</date>
</collectingDate>
, 
<collectorName id="268685966E12385AFE01FEEDFD986809" box="[469,605,260,285]" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">P.F. Torchio</collectorName>
, 
<taxonomicName id="4C739BC36E12385AFDB3FEEDFD6F6808" box="[615,682,261,284]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Boraginaceae" genus="Nama" kingdom="Plantae" order="Boraginales" pageId="24" pageNumber="25" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B9073C526E12385AFDB3FEEDFD6F6808" box="[615,682,261,284]" italics="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">Nama</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
sp.; 
<emphasis id="B9073C526E12385AFD0BFEECFC126809" bold="true" box="[735,983,260,285]" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">
<collectingCounty id="62AD98CC6E12385AFD0BFEECFC146809" box="[735,977,260,285]" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">San Bernardino Co.</collectingCounty>
:
</emphasis>
<collectorName id="268685966E12385AFC09FEECFB996808" box="[989,1116,260,285]" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">Ibex Dunes</collectorName>
(35.7093 -116.3752)
</materialsCitation>
: 
<materialsCitation id="3B1BEA1D6E12385AFA83FEECFD126871" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="1425219646" collectingDate="1999-05-04" collectorName="R. Andrus &amp; Kelso Dunes &amp; Devils Playground Wash &amp; Kelso Dunes Road" country="Mexico" location="Mojave National Preserve" pageId="24" pageNumber="25" specimenCount="1" specimenCount-female="1" stateProvince="CALIFORNIA">
<specimenCount id="9D752BC96E12385AFA83FEECFA456808" box="[1367,1408,260,284]" pageId="24" pageNumber="25" type="female">1 ♀</specimenCount>
, 
<collectingDate id="EF893F686E12385AFA5AFEECFED46854" pageId="24" pageNumber="25" value="1999-05-04">
<date id="FFCDC6806E12385AFA5AFEECFED46854" pageId="24" pageNumber="25" value="1999-05-04">4 May 1999</date>
</collectingDate>
, 
<collectorName id="268685966E12385AFEF4FEC0FE596854" box="[288,412,295,320]" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">R. Andrus</collectorName>
; 
<collectorName id="268685966E12385AFE78FECFFD81682B" box="[428,580,295,320]" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">Kelso Dunes</collectorName>
, 
<collectorName id="268685966E12385AFD87FECFFCB36854" box="[595,886,295,320]" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">Devils Playground Wash</collectorName>
, 
<collectorName id="268685966E12385AFC51FECFFBA66854" box="[901,1123,295,320]" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">Kelso Dunes Road</collectorName>
, 
<locationDeviation id="9A7EF9626E12385AFBA7FEC0FA5C6854" box="[1139,1433,295,320]" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">
<quantity id="4C8B4DA56E12385AFBA7FEC0FB056854" box="[1139,1216,295,320]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="6.5983104" pageId="24" pageNumber="25" unit="mi" value="4.1">4.1 mi</quantity>
E Kelbaker Road
</locationDeviation>
, 
<location id="8EACB69B6E12385AFF43FEA4FE066870" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03DA51566E07385BFF43F9CDFC146E82:8EACB69B6E12385AFF43FEA4FE066870" box="[151,451,332,357]" country="Mexico" name="Mojave National Preserve" pageId="24" pageNumber="25" stateProvince="CALIFORNIA">Mojave National Preserve</location>
(34.88888 -115.71722)
</materialsCitation>
: 3 ♂ 2 ♀, 
<date id="FFCDC6806E12385AFC88FEA4FC3E6870" box="[860,1019,332,357]" pageId="24" pageNumber="25" value="2001-05-19">19 May 2001</date>
, D. Yanega; 1 ♂, 
<date id="FFCDC6806E12385AFB07FEA4FAB66870" box="[1235,1395,332,357]" pageId="24" pageNumber="25" value="2003-05-18">18 May 2003</date>
, D. Yanega, 
<taxonomicName id="4C739BC36E12385AFF2CFE99FEA5689C" box="[248,352,367,392]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Boraginaceae" genus="Tiquilia" kingdom="Plantae" order="Boraginales" pageId="24" pageNumber="25" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="plicata">
<emphasis id="B9073C526E12385AFF2CFE99FEA5689C" box="[248,352,367,392]" italics="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">T. plicata</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
; 1 ♀, 
<date id="FFCDC6806E12385AFE7DFE87FD84689C" box="[425,577,367,392]" pageId="24" pageNumber="25" value="2009-05-25">25 May 2009</date>
, D. Yanega, 
<taxonomicName id="4C739BC36E12385AFD04FE99FCFC689C" box="[720,825,367,392]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Boraginaceae" genus="Tiquilia" kingdom="Plantae" order="Boraginales" pageId="24" pageNumber="25" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="plicata">
<emphasis id="B9073C526E12385AFD04FE99FCFC689C" box="[720,825,367,392]" italics="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">T. plicata</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
; Kelso Dunes (34.9768 -115.648): 1 ♀, 
<date id="FFCDC6806E12385AFB2BFE98FA5D689C" box="[1279,1432,368,392]" pageId="24" pageNumber="25" value="1980-05-20">20 May 1980</date>
, T.L. Griswold; Twentynine Palms, 32 road mi E (34.0912 -115.5401): 
<materialsCitation id="3B1BEA1D6E12385AFC62FE7CFCF368C4" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="1425219647" collectingDate="2012-09-06" collectorName="T. L. Griswold" country="Mexico" county="Clark Co." location="Clark Co." pageId="24" pageNumber="25" specimenCount="1" specimenCount-male="1" stateProvince="NEVADA">
<specimenCount id="9D752BC96E12385AFC62FE7CFC2668B8" box="[950,995,404,428]" pageId="24" pageNumber="25" type="male">1 ♂</specimenCount>
, 
<collectingDate id="EF893F686E12385AFC24FE7CFBB768B8" box="[1008,1138,404,429]" pageId="24" pageNumber="25" value="2012-09-06">
<date id="FFCDC6806E12385AFC24FE7CFBB768B8" box="[1008,1138,404,429]" pageId="24" pageNumber="25" value="2012-09-06">6 Sep 2012</date>
</collectingDate>
, 
<collectorName id="268685966E12385AFBAAFE7DFADA68B9" box="[1150,1311,404,429]" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">T.L. Griswold</collectorName>
, 
<taxonomicName id="4C739BC36E12385AFAFFFE7DFA5068B9" box="[1323,1429,404,429]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Boraginaceae" genus="Tiquilia" kingdom="Plantae" order="Boraginales" pageId="24" pageNumber="25" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="plicata">
<emphasis id="B9073C526E12385AFAFFFE7DFA5068B9" box="[1323,1429,404,429]" italics="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">T. plicata</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
. 
<emphasis id="B9073C526E12385AFF43FE5FFE5868C4" bold="true" box="[151,413,439,464]" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">
<collectingRegion id="49B72EA26E12385AFF43FE5FFED568C4" box="[151,272,439,464]" country="United States of America" name="Nevada" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">NEVADA</collectingRegion>
: 
<collectingCounty id="62AD98CC6E12385AFEC8FE5FFE5D68C4" box="[284,408,439,464]" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">Clark Co.</collectingCounty>
:
</emphasis>
<locationDeviation id="9A7EF9626E12385AFE71FE5FFDA568DB" box="[421,608,439,464]" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">
<quantity id="4C8B4DA56E12385AFE71FE5FFE2B68C4" box="[421,494,439,464]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.414016" pageId="24" pageNumber="25" unit="mi" value="1.5">1.5 mi</quantity>
SSE Jean
</locationDeviation>
(35.7611 -115.32)
</materialsCitation>
: 1 ♂, 
<date id="FFCDC6806E12385AFCA8FE50FBD368C4" box="[892,1046,439,464]" pageId="24" pageNumber="25" value="2005-05-10">10 May 2005</date>
, E. Ahlstrom, S.M. Higbee; Davis Dam, W (35.1857 -114.5905): 
<materialsCitation id="3B1BEA1D6E12385AFE21FE34FEDE6B0C" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="1425219642" collectingDate="1998-05-13" collectorName="M. Andres &amp; K. Keen &amp; Sheep Mountain, W" country="Mexico" location="Sheep Mountain" pageId="24" pageNumber="25" specimenCount="1" specimenCount-male="1" stateProvince="NEVADA">
<specimenCount id="9D752BC96E12385AFE21FE34FDE468E0" box="[501,545,476,500]" pageId="24" pageNumber="25" type="male">1 ♂</specimenCount>
, 
<collectingDate id="EF893F686E12385AFDFAFE34FD0D68E0" box="[558,712,476,501]" pageId="24" pageNumber="25" value="1998-05-13">
<date id="FFCDC6806E12385AFDFAFE34FD0D68E0" box="[558,712,476,501]" pageId="24" pageNumber="25" value="1998-05-13">13 May 1998</date>
</collectingDate>
, 
<collectorName id="268685966E12385AFD00FE35FC8A68E1" box="[724,847,476,501]" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">M. Andres</collectorName>
, 
<collectorName id="268685966E12385AFC8FFE35FC7968E0" box="[859,956,477,500]" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">K. Keen</collectorName>
, 
<taxonomicName id="4C739BC36E12385AFC13FE35FBFC68E1" box="[967,1081,476,501]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Boraginaceae" genus="Tiquilia" kingdom="Plantae" order="Boraginales" pageId="24" pageNumber="25" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="palmeri">
<emphasis id="B9073C526E12385AFC13FE35FBFC68E1" box="[967,1081,476,501]" italics="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">T. palmeri</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
; 
<collectorName id="268685966E12385AFB9FFE34FAE868E0" box="[1099,1325,476,501]" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">
<location id="8EACB69B6E12385AFB9FFE34FAC268E1" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03DA51566E07385BFF43F9CDFC146E82:8EACB69B6E12385AFB9FFE34FAC268E1" box="[1099,1287,476,501]" country="Mexico" name="Sheep Mountain" pageId="24" pageNumber="25" stateProvince="NEVADA">Sheep Mountain</location>
, W
</collectorName>
(35.753 - 115.31983)
</materialsCitation>
: 
<materialsCitation id="3B1BEA1D6E12385AFEF2FDE8FEDF6B29" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="1425219638" collectingDate="1998-05-22" collectorName="K. Receveur &amp; C. Schultz &amp; Big Dune, NW" country="Mexico" county="Nye Co." location="Nye Co." pageId="24" pageNumber="25" specimenCount="4" specimenCount-female="2" specimenCount-male="2" stateProvince="NEVADA">
<specimenCount id="9D752BC96E12385AFEF2FDE8FE946B03" box="[294,337,512,536]" pageId="24" pageNumber="25" type="male">2 ♂</specimenCount>
<specimenCount id="9D752BC96E12385AFE8CFDE8FE466B03" box="[344,387,512,536]" pageId="24" pageNumber="25" type="female">2 ♀</specimenCount>
, 
<date id="FFCDC6806E12385AFE46FDE8FDE96B0C" box="[402,556,512,536]" pageId="24" pageNumber="25" value="1998-05-22">
<collectingDate id="EF893F686E12385AFE46FDE8FDE96B0C" box="[402,556,512,536]" pageId="24" pageNumber="25" value="1998-05-22">22 May 1998</collectingDate>
</date>
, 
<collectorName id="268685966E12385AFDECFDE8FD026B03" box="[568,711,512,535]" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">K. Receveur</collectorName>
, 
<collectorName id="268685966E12385AFD07FDE8FC8E6B0C" box="[723,843,511,536]" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">C. Schultz</collectorName>
, 
<taxonomicName id="4C739BC36E12385AFC82FDE9FC7A6B0C" box="[854,959,511,536]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Boraginaceae" genus="Tiquilia" kingdom="Plantae" order="Boraginales" pageId="24" pageNumber="25" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="plicata">
<emphasis id="B9073C526E12385AFC82FDE9FC7A6B0C" box="[854,959,511,536]" italics="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">T. plicata</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
; 
<emphasis id="B9073C526E12385AFC04FE17FBFC6B0C" bold="true" box="[976,1081,511,536]" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">
<collectingCounty id="62AD98CC6E12385AFC04FE17FBF66B0C" box="[976,1075,511,536]" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">Nye Co.</collectingCounty>
:
</emphasis>
<collectorName id="268685966E12385AFB95FE17FB296B03" box="[1089,1260,511,536]" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">Big Dune, NW</collectorName>
tip (36.65679 - 116.59651)
</materialsCitation>
: 4 ♂, 
<date id="FFCDC6806E12385AFE89FDCCFE286B28" box="[349,493,548,572]" pageId="24" pageNumber="25" value="2013-04-29">29 Apr 2013</date>
, M. C. Orr, 
<taxonomicName id="4C739BC36E12385AFDA0FDCDFD196B29" box="[628,732,548,573]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Boraginaceae" genus="Tiquilia" kingdom="Plantae" order="Boraginales" pageId="24" pageNumber="25" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="plicata">
<emphasis id="B9073C526E12385AFDA0FDCDFD196B29" box="[628,732,548,573]" italics="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">T. plicata</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<caption id="DF0CB0C86E12385AFF43F911FA826E58" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/253102/files/figure.png" pageId="24" pageNumber="25" targetBox="[151,1436,625,1764]" targetPageId="24">
<paragraph id="8BCCE0406E12385AFF43F911FA826E58" blockId="24.[151,1437,1785,1868]" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">
<emphasis id="B9073C526E12385AFF43F911FEE56E1A" bold="true" box="[151,288,1785,1807]" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">FIGURE 16.</emphasis>
Amber female metasomas. (A) 
<taxonomicName id="4C739BC36E12385AFDBDF911FCFD6E1B" box="[617,824,1785,1807]" class="Insecta" family="Andrenidae" genus="Perdita" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="24" pageNumber="25" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="rhodogastra">
<emphasis id="B9073C526E12385AFDBDF911FCFD6E1B" box="[617,824,1785,1807]" italics="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">Perdita rhodogastra</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, solid coloration (BBSL817856; Riverside Co., CA). (B) 
<taxonomicName id="4C739BC36E12385AFA5DF912FED16E3A" class="Insecta" family="Andrenidae" genus="Perdita" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="24" pageNumber="25" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="rhodogastra">
<emphasis id="B9073C526E12385AFA5DF912FED16E3A" italics="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">P. rhodogastra</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, with vestigial spots (FDP112655; Maricopa Co., AZ). (C) 
<taxonomicName id="4C739BC36E12385AFCB9F8F1FC206E3A" box="[877,997,1816,1838]" class="Insecta" family="Andrenidae" genus="Perdita" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="24" pageNumber="25" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="hippolyta">
<emphasis id="B9073C526E12385AFCB9F8F1FC206E3A" box="[877,997,1816,1838]" italics="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">P. hippolyta</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(BBSL844863; Culberson Co., TX). (D) 
<taxonomicName id="4C739BC36E12385AFA5DF8F1FF0A6E58" class="Insecta" family="Andrenidae" genus="Perdita" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="24" pageNumber="25" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="hooki">
<emphasis id="B9073C526E12385AFA5DF8F1FF0A6E58" italics="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">P. hooki</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(paratype, 141840; Terrell Co., TX). (E) 
<taxonomicName id="4C739BC36E12385AFDA6F8DFFD366E58" box="[626,755,1846,1868]" class="Insecta" family="Andrenidae" genus="Perdita" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="24" pageNumber="25" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="pilonotata">
<emphasis id="B9073C526E12385AFDA6F8DFFD366E58" box="[626,755,1846,1868]" italics="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">P. pilonotata</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(BBSL810333; Chihuahua, MEX). All scale bars 0.5 mm.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<subSubSection id="C369B3CB6E12385BFF13F89CFC146E82" lastPageId="25" lastPageNumber="26" pageId="24" pageNumber="25" type="discussion">
<paragraph id="8BCCE0406E12385BFF13F89CFD2B689C" blockId="24.[151,1437,1908,2005]" lastBlockId="25.[151,1437,151,392]" lastPageId="25" lastPageNumber="26" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">
<emphasis id="B9073C526E12385AFF13F89CFEFE6E9F" bold="true" box="[199,315,1908,1933]" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">Remarks.</emphasis>
What Timberlake considered 
<taxonomicName id="4C739BC36E12385AFD4EF89DFCDC6E98" box="[666,793,1909,1932]" class="Insecta" family="Andrenidae" genus="Perdita" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="24" pageNumber="25" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="arenaria">
<emphasis id="B9073C526E12385AFD4EF89DFCDC6E98" box="[666,793,1909,1932]" italics="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">P. arenaria</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is here split into three separate species: 
<taxonomicName id="4C739BC36E12385AFB22F89DFAB36E98" box="[1270,1398,1909,1932]" class="Insecta" family="Andrenidae" genus="Perdita" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="24" pageNumber="25" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="arenaria">
<emphasis id="B9073C526E12385AFB22F89DFAB36E98" box="[1270,1398,1909,1932]" italics="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">P. arenaria</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, 
<taxonomicName id="4C739BC36E12385AFA53F89DFEC76EA4" class="Insecta" family="Andrenidae" genus="Perdita" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="24" pageNumber="25" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="nuttalliae">
<emphasis id="B9073C526E12385AFA53F89DFEC76EA4" italics="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">P. nuttalliae</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, and 
<taxonomicName id="4C739BC36E12385AFE94F871FE716EA4" box="[320,436,1945,1968]" class="Insecta" family="Andrenidae" genus="Perdita" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="24" pageNumber="25" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="yanegai">
<emphasis id="B9073C526E12385AFE94F871FE716EA4" box="[320,436,1945,1968]" italics="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">P. yanegai</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
. While 
<taxonomicName id="4C739BC36E12385AFDDBF871FD526EA4" box="[527,663,1943,1968]" class="Insecta" family="Andrenidae" genus="Perdita" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="24" pageNumber="25" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="nuttalliae">
<emphasis id="B9073C526E12385AFDDBF871FD526EA4" box="[527,663,1943,1968]" italics="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">P. nuttalliae</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is distinct and relatively easy to separate, females of 
<taxonomicName id="4C739BC36E12385AFB3BF871FAA96EA4" box="[1263,1388,1945,1968]" class="Insecta" family="Andrenidae" genus="Perdita" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="24" pageNumber="25" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="arenaria">
<emphasis id="B9073C526E12385AFB3BF871FAA96EA4" box="[1263,1388,1945,1968]" italics="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">P. arenaria</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and 
<taxonomicName id="4C739BC36E12385AFF43F855FECB6EC0" box="[151,270,1981,2004]" class="Insecta" family="Andrenidae" genus="Perdita" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="24" pageNumber="25" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="yanegai">
<emphasis id="B9073C526E12385AFF43F855FECB6EC0" box="[151,270,1981,2004]" italics="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">P. yanegai</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
can be difficult. Despite the relatively distinct characters of the males, the females of these two are extremely similar and often impossible to separate with any level of confidence. These two species mirror the pattern seen in other bee species where the males are able to be separated but the females are largely indistinguishable (e.g. 
<taxonomicName id="4C739BC36E13385BFE48FF08FC8769EC" authority="Cresson, 1872" authorityName="Cresson" authorityYear="1872" box="[412,834,224,248]" class="Insecta" family="Halictidae" genus="Agapostemon" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="25" pageNumber="26" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="texanus">
<emphasis id="B9073C526E13385BFE48FF08FD5069EC" box="[412,661,224,248]" italics="true" pageId="25" pageNumber="26">Agapostemon texanus</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="EFE29DB16E13385BFD4AFF08FC8769EC" author="Cresson" box="[670,834,224,248]" pageId="25" pageNumber="26" refString="Cresson, E. T. (1872) Hymenoptera texana. Transactions of the American Entomological Society, 4, 153 - 292. http: // dx. doi. org / 10.2307 / 25076272" type="journal article" year="1872">Cresson, 1872</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
and 
<taxonomicName id="4C739BC36E13385BFCABFF08FB1569EC" authority="Cockerell, 1924" authorityName="Cockerell" authorityYear="1924" box="[895,1232,223,248]" class="Insecta" family="Halictidae" genus="Agapostemon" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="25" pageNumber="26" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="angelicus">
<emphasis id="B9073C526E13385BFCABFF08FBC869EC" box="[895,1037,223,248]" italics="true" pageId="25" pageNumber="26">A. angelicus</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="EFE29DB16E13385BFBC2FF37FB1569EC" author="Cockerell" box="[1046,1232,223,248]" pageId="25" pageNumber="26" refString="Cockerell, T. D. A. (1924) Expedition of the California Academy of Sciences to the Gulf of California in 1921. The bees (II). Proceedings of the California Academy of Sciences, fourth series, 12, 529 - 560." type="journal article" year="1924">Cockerell, 1924</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
; 
<taxonomicName id="4C739BC36E13385BFB0AFF09FE1A6809" authority="Timberlake, 1964" authorityName="Timberlake" authorityYear="1964" class="Insecta" family="Andrenidae" genus="Perdita" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="25" pageNumber="26" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subSpecies" species="punctosignata" subSpecies="sulphurea">
<emphasis id="B9073C526E13385BFB0AFF09FEC36809" italics="true" pageId="25" pageNumber="26">P. punctosignata sulphurea</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="EFE29DB16E13385BFEC7FEECFE1A6809" author="Timberlake" box="[275,479,260,285]" pageId="25" pageNumber="26" refString="Timberlake, P. H. (1964) A revisional study of the bees of the genus Perdita F. Smith, with special reference to the fauna of the Pacific Coast (Hymenoptera, Apoidea). Part VI. University of California Publications in Entomology, 28 (2), 125 - 388." type="journal article" year="1964">Timberlake, 1964</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
and 
<taxonomicName id="4C739BC36E13385BFDF7FEEDFBC36809" authority="Timberlake, 1964" authorityName="Timberlake" authorityYear="1964" box="[547,1030,260,285]" class="Insecta" family="Andrenidae" genus="Perdita" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="25" pageNumber="26" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subSpecies" species="punctosignata" subSpecies="flava">
<emphasis id="B9073C526E13385BFDF7FEEDFCED6809" box="[547,808,260,285]" italics="true" pageId="25" pageNumber="26">P. punctosignata flava</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="EFE29DB16E13385BFCE1FEECFBC36809" author="Timberlake" box="[821,1030,260,285]" pageId="25" pageNumber="26" refString="Timberlake, P. H. (1964) A revisional study of the bees of the genus Perdita F. Smith, with special reference to the fauna of the Pacific Coast (Hymenoptera, Apoidea). Part VI. University of California Publications in Entomology, 28 (2), 125 - 388." type="journal article" year="1964">Timberlake, 1964</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
). As with these two examples, 
<taxonomicName id="4C739BC36E13385BFA53FEEDFF3D6854" class="Insecta" family="Andrenidae" genus="Perdita" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="25" pageNumber="26" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="arenaria">
<emphasis id="B9073C526E13385BFA53FEEDFF3D6854" italics="true" pageId="25" pageNumber="26">P. arenaria</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and 
<taxonomicName id="4C739BC36E13385BFEE7FEC1FE6F6854" box="[307,426,297,320]" class="Insecta" family="Andrenidae" genus="Perdita" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="25" pageNumber="26" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="yanegai">
<emphasis id="B9073C526E13385BFEE7FEC1FE6F6854" box="[307,426,297,320]" italics="true" pageId="25" pageNumber="26">P. yanegai</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
often co-occur throughout much of their range and are often collected together, though there appear to be areas of their range where only one species is present. Additional specimens and/or molecular investigation may help better resolve the two species.
</paragraph>
<caption id="DF0CB0C86E13385BFF43FBBEFF036DDC" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/253103/files/figure.png" pageId="25" pageNumber="26" targetBox="[151,1436,447,1088]" targetPageId="25">
<paragraph id="8BCCE0406E13385BFF43FBBEFF036DDC" blockId="25.[151,1437,1110,1224]" pageId="25" pageNumber="26">
<emphasis id="B9073C526E13385BFF43FBBEFEE46D78" bold="true" box="[151,289,1110,1132]" pageId="25" pageNumber="26">FIGURE 17.</emphasis>
Amber male faces. (A) 
<taxonomicName id="4C739BC36E13385BFDF4FBBEFC976D78" authority="Sonoran" authorityName="Sonoran" box="[544,850,1110,1132]" class="Insecta" family="Andrenidae" genus="Perdita" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="25" pageNumber="26" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="rhodogastra">
<emphasis id="B9073C526E13385BFDF4FBBEFD356D78" box="[544,752,1110,1132]" italics="true" pageId="25" pageNumber="26">Perdita rhodogastra</emphasis>
, Sonoran
</taxonomicName>
(BBSL817852; Riverside Co., CA). (B) 
<taxonomicName id="4C739BC36E13385BFB2AFBB0FF216D9F" authority="Mojave" authorityName="Mojave" class="Insecta" family="Andrenidae" genus="Perdita" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="25" pageNumber="26" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="rhodogastra">
<emphasis id="B9073C526E13385BFB2AFBB0FA536D78" box="[1278,1430,1110,1133]" italics="true" pageId="25" pageNumber="26">P. rhodogastra</emphasis>
, Mojave
</taxonomicName>
(BBSL307254; Clark Co., NV). (C) 
<taxonomicName id="4C739BC36E13385BFDA3FB9EFCAA6D9F" authority="Mojave" authorityName="Mojave" box="[631,879,1141,1163]" class="Insecta" family="Andrenidae" genus="Perdita" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="25" pageNumber="26" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="rhodogastra">
<emphasis id="B9073C526E13385BFDA3FB9EFCD46D9F" box="[631,785,1141,1163]" italics="true" pageId="25" pageNumber="26">P. rhodogastra</emphasis>
, Mojave
</taxonomicName>
dark form (BBSL817150; Mojave Co., AZ). (D) 
<taxonomicName id="4C739BC36E13385BFA5DFB9EFF326DBE" class="Insecta" family="Andrenidae" genus="Perdita" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="25" pageNumber="26" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="hippolyta">
<emphasis id="B9073C526E13385BFA5DFB9EFF326DBE" italics="true" pageId="25" pageNumber="26">P. hippolyta</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(paratype, BBSL844673; Culberson Co., TX). (E) 
<taxonomicName id="4C739BC36E13385BFCD2FB7DFC9D6DBE" box="[774,856,1172,1194]" class="Insecta" family="Andrenidae" genus="Perdita" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="25" pageNumber="26" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="hooki">
<emphasis id="B9073C526E13385BFCD2FB7DFC9D6DBE" box="[774,856,1172,1194]" italics="true" pageId="25" pageNumber="26">P. hooki</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(paratype, 141837; Terrell Co., TX). All scale bars 0.25 mm.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<paragraph id="8BCCE0406E13385BFF13FB1DFF3A6F1D" blockId="25.[151,1437,1269,1942]" pageId="25" pageNumber="26">
<taxonomicName id="4C739BC36E13385BFF13FB1DFE406C19" box="[199,389,1269,1294]" class="Insecta" family="Andrenidae" genus="Perdita" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="25" pageNumber="26" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="arenaria">
<emphasis id="B9073C526E13385BFF13FB1DFE406C19" box="[199,389,1269,1294]" italics="true" pageId="25" pageNumber="26">Perdita arenaria</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and 
<taxonomicName id="4C739BC36E13385BFE15FB1EFDFC6C19" box="[449,569,1270,1293]" class="Insecta" family="Andrenidae" genus="Perdita" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="25" pageNumber="26" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="yanegai">
<emphasis id="B9073C526E13385BFE15FB1EFDFC6C19" box="[449,569,1270,1293]" italics="true" pageId="25" pageNumber="26">P. yanegai</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
are extremely similar species that co-occur over most of their ranges. The males can be easily separated but the females cannot be confidently separated in most cases. In the females, there appears to be a tendency for the apex of the pygidial plate to be rounded in 
<taxonomicName id="4C739BC36E13385BFC35FAD6FB9F6C41" box="[993,1114,1342,1365]" class="Insecta" family="Andrenidae" genus="Perdita" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="25" pageNumber="26" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="arenaria">
<emphasis id="B9073C526E13385BFC35FAD6FB9F6C41" box="[993,1114,1342,1365]" italics="true" pageId="25" pageNumber="26">P. arenaria</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(
<figureCitation id="1348FCC56E13385BFBB8FAD5FB786C42" box="[1132,1213,1341,1366]" captionStart="FIGURE 24" captionStartId="33.[151,250,1707,1729]" captionTargetBox="[282,1289,193,1676]" captionTargetId="figure@33.[282,1289,193,1676]" captionTargetPageId="33" captionText="FIGURE 24. Female pygidial plates. (A) Perdita arenaria (BBSL 289244; Clark Co., NV). (B) P. bellula (103744; San Bernardino Co., CA). (C) P. coldeniae (BBSL 813873; Imperial Co., CA). (D) P. desdemona (holotype, BBSL 289742; San Bernardino Co., CA). (E) P. exusta (paratype, 141946; Clark Co., NV). (F) P. frontalis (BBSL 813797; Imperial Co., CA). (G) P. hippolyta (paratype, BBSL 844647; Culberson Co., TX). (H) P. hooki (paratype, 141840; Terrell Co., TX). (I) P. maculosa (UCRC 179125; Riverside Co., CA). (J) P. nuttalliae (142005; Box Elder Co., UT). (K) P. optiva (BBSL 284974; Clark Co., NV). (L) P. pilonotata (neotype, UCRC 182770; Otero Co., NM). (M) P. prodigiosa (paratype, BBSL 319169; Clark Co., NV). (N) P. rhodogastra, pointed (FDP 102612; Maricopa Co., AZ). (O) P. rhodogastra, rounded (BBSL 271674; Clark Co., NV). (P) P. scutellaris (BBSL 904845; Imperial Co., CA). (Q) P. sexfasciata (BBSL 295303; Clark Co., NV). (R) P. sycorax (paratype, 37238; Emery Co., UT). (S) P. titania (holotype, BBSL 326372; San Bernardino Co., CA). (T) P. trifasciata (FDP 75046; Brewster Co., TX). (U) P. vesca (BBSL 339200; Nye Co., NV). (V) P. wasbaueri (141836; Imperial Co., CA). (W) P. yanegai (UCRC 221828; San Bernardino Co., CA). Scale bar = 0.1 mm. All images are at the same scale." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/253110/files/figure.png" pageId="25" pageNumber="26">Fig. 24</figureCitation>
A) and pointed in 
<taxonomicName id="4C739BC36E13385BFA53FAD6FF356C6D" class="Insecta" family="Andrenidae" genus="Perdita" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="25" pageNumber="26" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="yanegai">
<emphasis id="B9073C526E13385BFA53FAD6FF356C6D" italics="true" pageId="25" pageNumber="26">P. yanegai</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(
<figureCitation id="1348FCC56E13385BFED6FA89FE926C6D" box="[258,343,1377,1402]" captionStart="FIGURE 24" captionStartId="33.[151,250,1707,1729]" captionTargetBox="[282,1289,193,1676]" captionTargetId="figure@33.[282,1289,193,1676]" captionTargetPageId="33" captionText="FIGURE 24. Female pygidial plates. (A) Perdita arenaria (BBSL 289244; Clark Co., NV). (B) P. bellula (103744; San Bernardino Co., CA). (C) P. coldeniae (BBSL 813873; Imperial Co., CA). (D) P. desdemona (holotype, BBSL 289742; San Bernardino Co., CA). (E) P. exusta (paratype, 141946; Clark Co., NV). (F) P. frontalis (BBSL 813797; Imperial Co., CA). (G) P. hippolyta (paratype, BBSL 844647; Culberson Co., TX). (H) P. hooki (paratype, 141840; Terrell Co., TX). (I) P. maculosa (UCRC 179125; Riverside Co., CA). (J) P. nuttalliae (142005; Box Elder Co., UT). (K) P. optiva (BBSL 284974; Clark Co., NV). (L) P. pilonotata (neotype, UCRC 182770; Otero Co., NM). (M) P. prodigiosa (paratype, BBSL 319169; Clark Co., NV). (N) P. rhodogastra, pointed (FDP 102612; Maricopa Co., AZ). (O) P. rhodogastra, rounded (BBSL 271674; Clark Co., NV). (P) P. scutellaris (BBSL 904845; Imperial Co., CA). (Q) P. sexfasciata (BBSL 295303; Clark Co., NV). (R) P. sycorax (paratype, 37238; Emery Co., UT). (S) P. titania (holotype, BBSL 326372; San Bernardino Co., CA). (T) P. trifasciata (FDP 75046; Brewster Co., TX). (U) P. vesca (BBSL 339200; Nye Co., NV). (V) P. wasbaueri (141836; Imperial Co., CA). (W) P. yanegai (UCRC 221828; San Bernardino Co., CA). Scale bar = 0.1 mm. All images are at the same scale." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/253110/files/figure.png" pageId="25" pageNumber="26">Fig. 24</figureCitation>
W). However, there are many specimens that fall between this dichotomy and defy attempts at identification. In addition to the pygidial plate, the frons of 
<taxonomicName id="4C739BC36E13385BFCEBFA6EFC786C89" box="[831,957,1414,1437]" class="Insecta" family="Andrenidae" genus="Perdita" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="25" pageNumber="26" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="arenaria">
<emphasis id="B9073C526E13385BFCEBFA6EFC786C89" box="[831,957,1414,1437]" italics="true" pageId="25" pageNumber="26">P. arenaria</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
appears to be more extensively black and lacking metallic tints while the frons of 
<taxonomicName id="4C739BC36E13385BFD50FA42FD3A6CD5" box="[644,767,1450,1473]" class="Insecta" family="Andrenidae" genus="Perdita" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="25" pageNumber="26" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="yanegai">
<emphasis id="B9073C526E13385BFD50FA42FD3A6CD5" box="[644,767,1450,1473]" italics="true" pageId="25" pageNumber="26">P. yanegai</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
generally lacks black areas and is metallic throughout. Association with males as a means of identification should be used with caution because the two species commonly co-occur.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BCCE0406E13385BFF13F9FDFC146E82" blockId="25.[151,1437,1269,1942]" pageId="25" pageNumber="26">
Unlike the females, the male of 
<taxonomicName id="4C739BC36E13385BFD98F9FEFD086F39" box="[588,717,1558,1581]" class="Insecta" family="Andrenidae" genus="Perdita" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="25" pageNumber="26" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="arenaria">
<emphasis id="B9073C526E13385BFD98F9FEFD086F39" box="[588,717,1558,1581]" italics="true" pageId="25" pageNumber="26">P. arenaria</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and 
<taxonomicName id="4C739BC36E13385BFCD9F9FEFC426F39" box="[781,903,1558,1581]" class="Insecta" family="Andrenidae" genus="Perdita" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="25" pageNumber="26" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="yanegai">
<emphasis id="B9073C526E13385BFCD9F9FEFC426F39" box="[781,903,1558,1581]" italics="true" pageId="25" pageNumber="26">P. yanegai</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
can be easily separated. The most definitive character is the shape of S8: in 
<taxonomicName id="4C739BC36E13385BFE2CF9D2FDB06F45" box="[504,629,1594,1617]" class="Insecta" family="Andrenidae" genus="Perdita" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="25" pageNumber="26" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="arenaria">
<emphasis id="B9073C526E13385BFE2CF9D2FDB06F45" box="[504,629,1594,1617]" italics="true" pageId="25" pageNumber="26">P. arenaria</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, S8 is broader, the sides are more parallel, and has a larger thinned area of the cuticle (
<figureCitation id="1348FCC56E13385BFE95F9B5FE536F62" box="[321,406,1629,1654]" captionStart="FIGURE 56" captionStartId="92.[151,250,1842,1864]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,222,1822]" captionTargetId="figure@92.[151,1436,222,1822]" captionTargetPageId="92" captionText="FIGURE 56. Male S 8 in dorsal view. (A) Perdita arenaria (BBSL 814693; Imperial Co., CA). (B) P. bellula (BBSL 842486; Riverside Co., CA). (C) P. coldeniae (BBSL 813338; Yuma Co., AZ). (D) P. exusta (BBSL 578345; Clark Co., NV). (E) P. frontalis (BBSL 813814; Imperial Co., CA). (F) P. hippolyta (paratype, CAVE 4578; Eddy Co., NM). (G) P. hooki (paratype, BBSL 852902; Coahuila, MEX). (H) P. maculosa (BBSL 638408; Clark Co., NV). (I) P. nuttalliae (BBSL 816192; Harney Co., OR). (J) P. optiva (BBSL 814695; Imperial Co., CA). (K) P. pilonotata (CAVE 17654; Eddy Co., NM). (L) P. prodigiosa (BBSL 344096; Clark Co., NV). Scale bar = 0.25 mm. All images are at the same scale." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/253142/files/figure.png" pageId="25" pageNumber="26">Fig. 56</figureCitation>
A), whereas 
<taxonomicName id="4C739BC36E13385BFDFCF9B6FD5B6F61" box="[552,670,1630,1653]" class="Insecta" family="Andrenidae" genus="Perdita" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="25" pageNumber="26" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="yanegai">
<emphasis id="B9073C526E13385BFDFCF9B6FD5B6F61" box="[552,670,1630,1653]" italics="true" pageId="25" pageNumber="26">P. yanegai</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
has S8 narrower, the sides slightly converging apically, and has a smaller thinned area of the cuticle (
<figureCitation id="1348FCC56E13385BFDF5F969FDB66F8E" box="[545,627,1665,1690]" captionStart="FIGURE 56" captionStartId="92.[151,250,1842,1864]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,222,1822]" captionTargetId="figure@92.[151,1436,222,1822]" captionTargetPageId="92" captionText="FIGURE 56. Male S 8 in dorsal view. (A) Perdita arenaria (BBSL 814693; Imperial Co., CA). (B) P. bellula (BBSL 842486; Riverside Co., CA). (C) P. coldeniae (BBSL 813338; Yuma Co., AZ). (D) P. exusta (BBSL 578345; Clark Co., NV). (E) P. frontalis (BBSL 813814; Imperial Co., CA). (F) P. hippolyta (paratype, CAVE 4578; Eddy Co., NM). (G) P. hooki (paratype, BBSL 852902; Coahuila, MEX). (H) P. maculosa (BBSL 638408; Clark Co., NV). (I) P. nuttalliae (BBSL 816192; Harney Co., OR). (J) P. optiva (BBSL 814695; Imperial Co., CA). (K) P. pilonotata (CAVE 17654; Eddy Co., NM). (L) P. prodigiosa (BBSL 344096; Clark Co., NV). Scale bar = 0.25 mm. All images are at the same scale." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/253142/files/figure.png" pageId="25" pageNumber="26">Fig. 56</figureCitation>
H). In addition, males can be separated from 
<taxonomicName id="4C739BC36E13385BFBBDF96AFB196F8D" box="[1129,1244,1666,1689]" class="Insecta" family="Andrenidae" genus="Perdita" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="25" pageNumber="26" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="yanegai">
<emphasis id="B9073C526E13385BFBBDF96AFB196F8D" box="[1129,1244,1666,1689]" italics="true" pageId="25" pageNumber="26">P. yanegai</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
by the following characters: 
<taxonomicName id="4C739BC36E13385BFECCF94EFE506FA9" box="[280,405,1702,1725]" class="Insecta" family="Andrenidae" genus="Perdita" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="25" pageNumber="26" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="arenaria">
<emphasis id="B9073C526E13385BFECCF94EFE506FA9" box="[280,405,1702,1725]" italics="true" pageId="25" pageNumber="26">P. arenaria</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
has a well-developed yellow band on the mesopleuron and anterior propodeum (
<figureCitation id="1348FCC56E13385BFAFCF94DFAB96FAA" box="[1320,1404,1701,1726]" captionStart="FIGURE 25" captionStartId="34.[151,250,697,719]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,193,676]" captionTargetId="figure@34.[151,1436,193,676]" captionTargetPageId="34" captionText="FIGURE 25. Perdita arenaria (A) female lateral habitus (BBSL 813432; Imperial Co., CA), (B) male lateral habitus (UCRC 166001; Baja California, MEX). Scale bars = 1 mm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/253111/files/figure.png" pageId="25" pageNumber="26">Fig. 25</figureCitation>
B). This band is more or less reduced in 
<taxonomicName id="4C739BC36E13385BFD9DF922FD056FF5" box="[585,704,1738,1761]" class="Insecta" family="Andrenidae" genus="Perdita" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="25" pageNumber="26" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="yanegai">
<emphasis id="B9073C526E13385BFD9DF922FD056FF5" box="[585,704,1738,1761]" italics="true" pageId="25" pageNumber="26">P. yanegai</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, typically limited to a yellow spot dorsally on the metapleuron directly below the wing (
<figureCitation id="1348FCC56E13385BFE65F905FDC06E12" box="[433,517,1773,1798]" captionStart="FIGURE 54" captionStartId="85.[151,250,1585,1607]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,1081,1564]" captionTargetId="figure@85.[151,1436,1081,1564]" captionTargetPageId="85" captionText="FIGURE 54. Perdita wasbaueri (A) female lateral habitus (BBSL 842199; San Bernardino Co., CA), (B) male lateral habitus (BBSL 842195; San Bernardino Co., CA). Scale bars = 1 mm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/253140/files/figure.png" pageId="25" pageNumber="26">Fig. 54</figureCitation>
B). 
<taxonomicName id="4C739BC36E13385BFDF8F906FD6C6E11" box="[556,681,1774,1797]" class="Insecta" family="Andrenidae" genus="Perdita" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="25" pageNumber="26" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="arenaria">
<emphasis id="B9073C526E13385BFDF8F906FD6C6E11" box="[556,681,1774,1797]" italics="true" pageId="25" pageNumber="26">P. arenaria</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
also has the dark marks on the hind leg well-developed whereas 
<taxonomicName id="4C739BC36E13385BFA53F906FF356E3D" class="Insecta" family="Andrenidae" genus="Perdita" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="25" pageNumber="26" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="yanegai">
<emphasis id="B9073C526E13385BFA53F906FF356E3D" italics="true" pageId="25" pageNumber="26">P. yanegai</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
lacks dark marks on the legs (though some specimens may have faint vestigial spots). The light face marks are typically more extensive in 
<taxonomicName id="4C739BC36E13385BFE20F8DEFDB56E59" box="[500,624,1846,1869]" class="Insecta" family="Andrenidae" genus="Perdita" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="25" pageNumber="26" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="arenaria">
<emphasis id="B9073C526E13385BFE20F8DEFDB56E59" box="[500,624,1846,1869]" italics="true" pageId="25" pageNumber="26">P. arenaria</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, which has a larger subantennal mark and larger paraocular marks which typically fill up the entire lateral area. The pygidial plate of 
<taxonomicName id="4C739BC36E13385BFCE4F8B2FC696E65" box="[816,940,1882,1905]" class="Insecta" family="Andrenidae" genus="Perdita" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="25" pageNumber="26" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="arenaria">
<emphasis id="B9073C526E13385BFCE4F8B2FC696E65" box="[816,940,1882,1905]" italics="true" pageId="25" pageNumber="26">P. arenaria</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is slightly narrower than 
<taxonomicName id="4C739BC36E13385BFB1CF8B2FAF96E65" box="[1224,1340,1882,1905]" class="Insecta" family="Andrenidae" genus="Perdita" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="25" pageNumber="26" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="yanegai">
<emphasis id="B9073C526E13385BFB1CF8B2FAF96E65" box="[1224,1340,1882,1905]" italics="true" pageId="25" pageNumber="26">P. yanegai</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, but this character is difficult to assess without direct comparison between species.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>