168 lines
15 KiB
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168 lines
15 KiB
XML
<document ID-DOI="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/jhr.82.65760" ID-GBIF-Dataset="67eddd14-2ce9-43d9-8ad6-a811c6a6ea7d" ID-Pensoft-Pub="1314-2607-82-253" ID-Pensoft-UUID="8FB3D63D7AA85D0B9084BCA247C360F7" ID-Zenodo-Dep="4741830" ID-ZooBank="47FBD08BB6AE4004A25FCB7F3FB8D13F" ModsDocID="1314-2607-82-253" checkinTime="1619783768825" checkinUser="pensoft" docAuthor="Lopes, Rogerio Botion, Carpenter, James M. & Noll, Fernando Barabosa" docDate="2021" docId="BFA9951BC0715AAF8CC0744477F5591D" docLanguage="en" docName="JourHymenoptRes 82: 253-283" docOrigin="Journal of Hymenoptera Research 82" docPubDate="2021-04-29" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/jhr.82.65760" docTitle="Zethus (Didymogastra) Perty 1833, stat. rev." docType="treatment" docVersion="4" id="8FB3D63D7AA85D0B9084BCA247C360F7" lastPageNumber="253" masterDocId="8FB3D63D7AA85D0B9084BCA247C360F7" masterDocTitle="Cladistic analysis of Zethus Fabricius, 1804 (Hymenoptera, Vespidae): a new subgeneric classification" masterLastPageNumber="283" masterPageNumber="253" pageNumber="253" updateTime="1678755782231" updateUser="pensoft">
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<mods:mods xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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<mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:title>Cladistic analysis of Zethus Fabricius, 1804 (Hymenoptera, Vespidae): a new subgeneric classification</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Lopes, Rogerio Botion</mods:namePart>
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<mods:nameIdentifier type="ORCID">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1217-1152</mods:nameIdentifier>
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<mods:affiliation>Laboratorio de Aculeata. Departamento de Zoologia e Botanica. Instituto de Biociencias, Letras e Ciencias Exatas. Universidade Estadual Paulista " Julio de Mesquita Filho ". Sao Jose do Rio Preto, Brazil</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:nameIdentifier type="email">rbotlopes@gmail.com</mods:nameIdentifier>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Carpenter, James M.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:nameIdentifier type="ORCID">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6754-8028</mods:nameIdentifier>
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<mods:affiliation>Division of Invertebrate Zoology. American Museum of Natural History. New York, USA</mods:affiliation>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Noll, Fernando Barabosa</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation>Laboratorio de Aculeata. Departamento de Zoologia e Botanica. Instituto de Biociencias, Letras e Ciencias Exatas. Universidade Estadual Paulista " Julio de Mesquita Filho ". Sao Jose do Rio Preto, Brazil</mods:affiliation>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:typeOfResource>text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:relatedItem type="host">
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<mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:title>Journal of Hymenoptera Research</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:part>
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<mods:date>2021</mods:date>
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<mods:detail type="pubDate">
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<mods:number>2021-04-29</mods:number>
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</mods:detail>
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<mods:detail type="volume">
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<mods:number>82</mods:number>
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</mods:detail>
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<mods:extent unit="page">
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<mods:start>253</mods:start>
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<mods:end>283</mods:end>
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</mods:extent>
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</mods:part>
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</mods:relatedItem>
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<mods:location>
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<mods:url>http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/jhr.82.65760</mods:url>
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</mods:location>
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<mods:classification>journal article</mods:classification>
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<mods:identifier type="DOI">http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/jhr.82.65760</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="Pensoft-Pub">1314-2607-82-253</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="ZooBank">47FBD08BB6AE4004A25FCB7F3FB8D13F</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="Pensoft-UUID">8FB3D63D7AA85D0B9084BCA247C360F7</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="Zenodo-Dep">4741830</mods:identifier>
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</mods:mods>
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<treatment ID-GBIF-Taxon="181758047" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:BFA9951BC0715AAF8CC0744477F5591D" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/BFA9951BC0715AAF8CC0744477F5591D" lastPageNumber="253" pageId="0" pageNumber="253">
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<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="253" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="253">
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<taxonomicName LSID="BFA9951B-C071-5AAF-8CC0-744477F5591D" authority="Perty, 1833" authorityName="Perty" authorityYear="1833" class="Insecta" family="Eumenidae" genus="Zethus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Zethus (Didymogastra)" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="253" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subGenus" status="stat. rev." subGenus="Didymogastra">Zethus (Didymogastra) Perty, 1833</taxonomicName>
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<taxonomicNameLabel pageId="0" pageNumber="253">stat. rev.</taxonomicNameLabel>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="253" type="description">
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="253">
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 5" captionStartId="F5" captionText="Figure 5. Synapomorphic characters of Zethus (Didymogastra) indicated in Z. fuscus A habitus B mesepimeron, posterior view; arrow indicates posterior carina C second metasomal tergum; arrow indicates stem. Scale bars: 1.0 mm." figureDoi="10.3897/jhr.82.65760.figure5" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/537925" pageId="0" pageNumber="253">Fig. 5</figureCitation>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="253" type="reference_group">
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="253">
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<taxonomicName authorityName="Lopes & Carpenter & Noll" authorityYear="2021" class="Insecta" family="Eumenidae" genus="Didymogastra" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Didymogastra" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="253" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus" status="stat. rev.">Didymogastra</taxonomicName>
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Perty, 1833: 144 (genus).
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<bibRefCitation author="Bohart, RM" journalOrPublisher="University of California Publications in Entomology" pageId="0" pageNumber="253" pagination="1 - 208" refId="B8" refString="Bohart, RM, Stange, LA, 1965. A Revision of the Genus Zethus Fabricius in the Western Hemisphere (Hymenoptera: Eumenidae). University of California Publications in Entomology 40: 1 - 208" title="A Revision of the Genus Zethus Fabricius in the Western Hemisphere (Hymenoptera: Eumenidae)." volume="40" year="1965">Bohart and Stange 1965</bibRefCitation>
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: 25 (jr. syn. of
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<taxonomicName authorityName="Lopes & Carpenter & Noll" authorityYear="2021" baseAuthorityName="Fabricius" baseAuthorityYear="1804" class="Insecta" family="Eumenidae" genus="Zethus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Zethus" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="253" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus" status="stat. rev.">Zethus</taxonomicName>
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).
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="253">
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<taxonomicName authorityName="Lopes & Carpenter & Noll" authorityYear="2021" class="Insecta" family="Eumenidae" genus="Didymogastra" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Didymogastra fusca" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="253" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="fusca" status="stat. rev.">Didymogastra fusca</taxonomicName>
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Type species:
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<taxonomicName authorityName="Lopes & Carpenter & Noll" authorityYear="2021" class="Insecta" family="Eumenidae" genus="Didymogastra" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Didymogastra fusca" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="253" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="fusca" status="stat. rev.">Didymogastra fusca</taxonomicName>
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Perty, 1833.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="253">
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<taxonomicName authority="" authorityName="Lopes & Carpenter & Noll" authorityYear="2021" class="Insecta" family="Eumenidae" genus="Zethus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Zethus (Didymogastra)" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="253" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subGenus" status="stat. rev." subGenus="Didymogastra">Zethus (Didymogastra)</taxonomicName>
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Dalla Torre, 1892: 9 (subgenus of
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<taxonomicName authorityName="Lopes & Carpenter & Noll" authorityYear="2021" baseAuthorityName="Fabricius" baseAuthorityYear="1804" class="Insecta" family="Eumenidae" genus="Zethus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Zethus" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="253" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus" status="stat. rev.">Zethus</taxonomicName>
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).
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="253" type="description">
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="253">Description.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="253">
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Interantennal carinas present. Clypeus of female short, without microstriae.
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="253">Clypeal teeth absent</emphasis>
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or present. Male mandible 4-toothed. Galea length variable. Labial palpi segmentation variable. Occipital carina ventrally complete, occasionally incomplete. Vertex flat. Genal margin evenly convex. Pronotal carina lamellar with lateral portion strongly sinuous. Pre-tegular carina present, incomplete. Welts present or absent. Notaulices absent. Tegula evenly convex with outer margin raised only on posterior half. Epicnemial carina variable.
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="253">Posterior carina of mesepimeron present</emphasis>
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(Fig.
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 5" captionStartId="F5" captionText="Figure 5. Synapomorphic characters of Zethus (Didymogastra) indicated in Z. fuscus A habitus B mesepimeron, posterior view; arrow indicates posterior carina C second metasomal tergum; arrow indicates stem. Scale bars: 1.0 mm." figureDoi="10.3897/jhr.82.65760.figure5" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/537925" pageId="0" pageNumber="253">5B</figureCitation>
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). Two midtibial spurs. Metanotum anteriorly margined.
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="253">Lateral carina of metanotum absent</emphasis>
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. Posterior tibiae of females with one row of spines. Marginal cell apically obtuse. Dorsal aperture of propodeum present, varying from slit, to wide orifice, to two orifices. Propodeum presenting only lateral carina, resistricted to dorsal half, and without apical lamella. Propodeal orifice with rounded dorsal margin. T1 with long stem and medium expansion. Anterior margin of S1 elliptical or quadrate.
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="253">Stem of T2 elongated</emphasis>
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(Fig.
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 5" captionStartId="F5" captionText="Figure 5. Synapomorphic characters of Zethus (Didymogastra) indicated in Z. fuscus A habitus B mesepimeron, posterior view; arrow indicates posterior carina C second metasomal tergum; arrow indicates stem. Scale bars: 1.0 mm." figureDoi="10.3897/jhr.82.65760.figure5" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/537925" pageId="0" pageNumber="253">5C</figureCitation>
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). Lamella of T2 well developed, sometimes reflexed. Lamellas of T3 and S3 developed and simple, without indents. S5 and 6 of males without carinas.
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</paragraph>
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<caption ID-Zenodo-Dep="4741848" doi="10.3897/jhr.82.65760.figure5" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/537925" pageId="0" pageNumber="253" start="Figure 5" startId="F5">
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="253">
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="253">Figure 5.</emphasis>
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Synapomorphic characters of
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<taxonomicName authority="" authorityName="Perty" authorityYear="1833" class="Insecta" family="Eumenidae" genus="Zethus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Zethus (Didymogastra)" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="253" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subGenus" subGenus="Didymogastra">Zethus (Didymogastra)</taxonomicName>
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indicated in
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<taxonomicName lsidName="Z. fuscus" pageId="0" pageNumber="253" rank="species" species="fuscus">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="253">Z. fuscus</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="253">A</emphasis>
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habitus
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="253">B</emphasis>
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mesepimeron, posterior view; arrow indicates posterior carina
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="253">C</emphasis>
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second metasomal tergum; arrow indicates stem. Scale bars: 1.0 mm.
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</paragraph>
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</caption>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="253" type="observations">
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="253">Observations.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="253">
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Although here the very long stem of T2 is marked as a synapomorphy, it is not constant throughout the entire subgenus. Some representatives from the
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<taxonomicName authorityName="de Saussure" authorityYear="1856" class="Insecta" family="Eumenidae" genus="Zethus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Zethus hilarianus" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="253" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="hilarianus">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="253">Zethus hilarianus</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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group have a medium-sized stem. Part of the
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<taxonomicName authorityName="de Saussure" authorityYear="1856" class="Insecta" family="Eumenidae" genus="Zethus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Zethus hilarianus" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="253" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="hilarianus">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="253">Zethus hilarianus</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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group (former
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<taxonomicName lsidName="Z. smithii" pageId="0" pageNumber="253" rank="species" species="smithii">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="253">Z. smithii</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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group) has been revised and phylogenetically analysed by
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<bibRefCitation DOI="https://doi.org/10.1071/IS15005" author="Lopes, RB" journalOrPublisher="Invertebrate Systematics" pageId="0" pageNumber="253" pagination="421 - 443" refId="B42" refString="Lopes, RB, Kumagai, AF, Stange, LA, Hermes, MG, 2015. Cladistic analysis and systematic revision of the Zethus smithii (de Saussure) species-group sensu Bohart and Stange (Hymenoptera: Vespidae: Eumeninae). Invertebrate Systematics 29: 421 - 443, DOI: https://doi.org/10.1071/IS15005" title="Cladistic analysis and systematic revision of the Zethus smithii (de Saussure) species-group sensu Bohart and Stange (Hymenoptera: Vespidae: Eumeninae)." url="https://doi.org/10.1071/IS15005" volume="29" year="2015">Lopes et al. (2015)</bibRefCitation>
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.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="253" type="distribution">
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="253">Distribution.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="253">Nearctic and Neotropical.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="253">
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Included species-groups:
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<taxonomicName baseAuthorityName="Perty" baseAuthorityYear="1833" class="Insecta" family="Eumenidae" genus="Zethus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Zethus fuscus" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="253" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="fuscus">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="253">Zethus fuscus</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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and
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<taxonomicName authorityName="de Saussure" authorityYear="1856" class="Insecta" family="Eumenidae" genus="Zethus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Zethus hilarianus" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="253" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="hilarianus">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="253">Zethus hilarianus</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="253" type="included species">
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="253">Included species.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="253">25.</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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</treatment>
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</document> |