429 lines
55 KiB
XML
429 lines
55 KiB
XML
<document id="CB8F88248031A4C6B1C9AA35DA56B31A" ID-CLB-Dataset="45373" ID-DOI="10.11646/zootaxa.3826.1.2" ID-GBIF-Dataset="41a0a1cc-4b27-449b-af69-7d2d5d804ccd" ID-ISSN="1175-5326" ID-Zenodo-Dep="250363" ID-ZooBank="FD0A7BBD-0C72-457A-815D-A573C0AF1523" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.tables_requiresApprovalFor="existingObjects,plazi" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1460444282510" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Grajales, Alejandro & Rodríguez, Estefanía" docDate="2014" docId="855187F48258D775FF489E94E158F82E" docLanguage="en" docName="zt03826p100.pdf" docOrigin="Zootaxa 3826 (1)" docStyle="DocumentStyle:647186512141C8FC8976D5BCC54AEB7D.9:Zootaxa.2013-.journal_article" docStyleId="647186512141C8FC8976D5BCC54AEB7D" docStyleName="Zootaxa.2013-.journal_article" docStyleVersion="9" docTitle="Laviactis lucida" docType="treatment" docVersion="9" lastPageNumber="93" masterDocId="7968FF8C827BD753FFD69F12E41EFFB2" masterDocTitle="Morphological revision of the genus Aiptasia and the family Aiptasiidae (Cnidaria, Actiniaria, Metridioidea)" masterLastPageNumber="100" masterPageNumber="55" pageNumber="90" updateTime="1698333222209" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
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<mods:title id="9B2FEB6FD88BD2F2AF68E4005BDBE0F8">Morphological revision of the genus Aiptasia and the family Aiptasiidae (Cnidaria, Actiniaria, Metridioidea)</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="7824C39B3C8F679265CD54F5A0C4B67A">Grajales, Alejandro</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="24916A0917A9E691C009C1E33C24C55F">Rodríguez, Estefanía</mods:namePart>
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<mods:title id="023E225038E2347D56CD2658352EA930">Zootaxa</mods:title>
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<mods:date id="5E5898BAE4F847C7D217CB664EB7A4D4">2014</mods:date>
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<mods:number id="7451FB2345A7E87F212434E71E94AE73">3826</mods:number>
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<treatment id="855187F48258D775FF489E94E158F82E" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6140451" ID-GBIF-Taxon="119509029" ID-Zenodo-Dep="6140451" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:855187F48258D775FF489E94E158F82E" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/855187F48258D775FF489E94E158F82E" lastPageId="38" lastPageNumber="93" pageId="35" pageNumber="90">
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<subSubSection id="45E265698258D770FF489E94E591FE73" pageId="35" pageNumber="90" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="0D4736E28258D770FF489E94E04DFE12" blockId="35.[151,1107,390,450]" box="[158,1107,390,416]" pageId="35" pageNumber="90">
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<heading id="560F818E8258D770FF489E94E04DFE12" bold="true" box="[158,1107,390,416]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="35" pageNumber="90" reason="1">
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<emphasis id="3F8CEAF08258D770FF489E94E04DFE12" bold="true" box="[158,1107,390,416]" pageId="35" pageNumber="90">
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<taxonomicName id="CAF84D618258D770FF489E94E540FE12" ID-CoL="3SNM4" box="[158,350,390,416]" class="Anthozoa" family="Aiptasiidae" genus="Laviactis" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Actiniaria" pageId="35" pageNumber="90" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="lucida">
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<emphasis id="3F8CEAF08258D770FF489E94E540FE12" bold="true" box="[158,350,390,416]" italics="true" pageId="35" pageNumber="90">Laviactis lucida</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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(Duchassaing de Fombressin & Michelotti, 1860) comb. nov.
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</emphasis>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="0D4736E28258D770FF419EBBE591FE73" blockId="35.[151,1107,390,450]" box="[151,399,425,450]" pageId="35" pageNumber="90">
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(
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<figureCitation id="95C32A678258D770FF499EBBE539FE73" box="[159,295,425,450]" captionStart-0="FIGURE 20" captionStart-1="FIGURE 21" captionStartId-0="35.[151,250,1983,2005]" captionStartId-1="36.[151,250,1784,1806]" captionTargetBox-0="[188,1398,1134,1961]" captionTargetBox-1="[269,1310,193,1766]" captionTargetId-0="figure@35.[188,1398,1134,1961]" captionTargetId-1="figure@36.[269,1310,193,1767]" captionTargetPageId-0="35" captionTargetPageId-1="36" captionText-0="FIGURE 20. External anatomy of Laviactis lucida comb. nov. A) Lateral view of living specimen. B) Lateral view of preserved and contracted specimen. C) Detail of tentacular vesicles. Scale bars: A – C, 10 mm." captionText-1="FIGURE 21. Internal anatomy of Laviactis lucida comb. nov. A) Cross section of the column at the level of the actinopharynx showing the cycles of mesenteries (indicated by roman numerals between pairs). B) Detail of a longitudinal section of the proximal end showing the distinct basilar muscles (arrows). C) Longitudinal section of the distal column showing the weak mesogleal marginal sphincter muscle. D) Cross section through distal column showing the ectodermal longitudinal musculature. E) Cross section through a tentacle showing the ectodermal longitudinal musculature. F) Detail of longitudinal section of the tentacle showing a tentacular vesicle; notice zooxanthellae in gastrodermis and nematocyst batteries in epidermis (arrows). Abbreviations: ep, epidermis; ga, gastrodermis; me, mesoglea; s, siphonoglyph. Scale bars: A, C – F, 0.1 mm; B, 0.05 mm." httpUri-0="https://zenodo.org/record/250378/files/figure.png" httpUri-1="https://zenodo.org/record/250379/files/figure.png" pageId="35" pageNumber="90">Figs. 20–21</figureCitation>
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, Table 7)
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="45E265698258D770FF419EE0E61FFD0D" pageId="35" pageNumber="90" type="reference_group">
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<paragraph id="0D4736E28258D770FF419EE0E611FDD1" blockId="35.[151,820,497,703]" pageId="35" pageNumber="90">
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<taxonomicName id="CAF84D618258D770FF419EE0E5ACFDB5" authority="Duchassaing" authorityName="Duchassaing" box="[151,434,497,519]" class="Anthozoa" family="Capneidae" genus="Capnea" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Actiniaria" pageId="35" pageNumber="90" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="lucida">
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<emphasis id="3F8CEAF08258D770FF419EE0E535FDB5" box="[151,299,497,519]" italics="true" pageId="35" pageNumber="90">Capnea lucida</emphasis>
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Duchassaing
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</taxonomicName>
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de Fombressin & Michelotti, 1860
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<taxonomicName id="CAF84D618258D770FF419D03E5C8FD94" authority="Duchassaing" authorityName="Duchassaing" box="[151,470,528,550]" class="Anthozoa" family="Stichodactylidae" genus="Heteractis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Actiniaria" pageId="35" pageNumber="90" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="lucida">
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<emphasis id="3F8CEAF08258D770FF419D03E551FD94" box="[151,335,528,550]" italics="true" pageId="35" pageNumber="90">Heteractis lucida:</emphasis>
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Duchassaing
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</taxonomicName>
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de Fombressin & Michelotti 1864
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<taxonomicName id="CAF84D618258D770FF419D22E552FDF6" ID-CoL="7P5TT" authority="Lucida" authorityName="Lucida" box="[151,332,558,581]" class="Anthozoa" family="Stichodactylidae" genus="Heteractis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Actiniaria" pageId="35" pageNumber="90" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="3F8CEAF08258D770FF419D22E552FDF6" box="[151,332,558,581]" italics="true" pageId="35" pageNumber="90">Heteractis Lucida</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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[
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<emphasis id="3F8CEAF08258D770FE8A9D22E566FDF7" box="[348,376,560,581]" italics="true" pageId="35" pageNumber="90">sic</emphasis>
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]: Duchassaing de Fombressin 1870
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<taxonomicName id="CAF84D618258D770FF419D5CE611FDD1" authority="Andres 1883" authorityName="Andres" authorityYear="1883" box="[151,527,589,611]" class="Anthozoa" family="Aiptasiidae" genus="Ragactis" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Actiniaria" pageId="35" pageNumber="90" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="lucida">
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<emphasis id="3F8CEAF08258D770FF419D5CE520FDD1" box="[151,318,589,611]" italics="true" pageId="35" pageNumber="90">Ragactis lucida:</emphasis>
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<bibRefCitation id="69694B138258D770FE929D5FE5D8FDD1" author="Andres" box="[324,454,589,611]" pageId="35" pageNumber="90" refString="Andres, A. (1883) Le Attinie (Monografia). Bibliografia, introduzione e specigrafia. Coi Tipi der Salviucci, Roma, 460 pp. http: // dx. doi. org / 10.5962 / bhl. title. 35877" type="book" year="1883">Andres 1883</bibRefCitation>
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(
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<bibRefCitation id="69694B138258D770FE059D5FE616FDD1" author="Andres" box="[467,520,589,611]" pageId="35" pageNumber="90" refString="Andres, A. (1884) Le Attinie (Monografia). Verlag von Wilhelm Engelmann, Leipzig, 459 pp." type="book" year="1884">1884</bibRefCitation>
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)
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</taxonomicName>
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="0D4736E28258D770FF419D7EE5CEFD30" blockId="35.[151,820,497,703]" box="[151,464,620,642]" pageId="35" pageNumber="90">
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<taxonomicName id="CAF84D618258D770FF419D7EE5CEFD30" ID-CoL="4135717a-4f6f-4b4f-b961-128c19d8cabd" authority="Duerden 1897" authorityName="Duerden" authorityYear="1897" box="[151,464,620,642]" class="Anthozoa" family="Aiptasiidae" genus="Aiptasia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Actiniaria" pageId="35" pageNumber="90" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="lucida">
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<emphasis id="3F8CEAF08258D770FF419D7EE524FD30" box="[151,314,620,642]" italics="true" pageId="35" pageNumber="90">Aiptasia lucida:</emphasis>
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<bibRefCitation id="69694B138258D770FEE99D7EE5CEFD30" author="Duerden" box="[319,464,620,642]" pageId="35" pageNumber="90" refString="Duerden, J. E. (1897) The actiniarian family Aliciidae. Annals and Magazine of Natural History, 20, 1 - 15. http: // dx. doi. org / 10.1080 / 00222939708680594" type="journal article" year="1897">Duerden 1897</bibRefCitation>
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</taxonomicName>
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</paragraph>
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||
<paragraph id="0D4736E28258D770FF419D98E653FD12" blockId="35.[151,820,497,703]" box="[151,589,650,672]" pageId="35" pageNumber="90">
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||
<taxonomicName id="CAF84D618258D770FF419D98E653FD12" ID-CoL="0e39fbe0-92a6-42a3-9e72-1cd821111c29" authority="Watzl, 1922" authorityName="Watzl" authorityYear="1922" box="[151,589,650,672]" class="Anthozoa" family="Aiptasiidae" genus="Bartholomea" kingdom="Animalia" order="Actiniaria" pageId="35" pageNumber="90" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="pseudoheteractis">
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<emphasis id="3F8CEAF08258D770FF419D98E5D3FD12" box="[151,461,650,672]" italics="true" pageId="35" pageNumber="90">Bartholomea pseudoheteractis</emphasis>
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<bibRefCitation id="69694B138258D770FE059D98E653FD12" author="Watzl" box="[467,589,650,672]" pageId="35" pageNumber="90" refString="Watzl, O. (1922) Die Actiniarien der Bahamainseln. Arkiv fur Zoologi, 14, 1 - 89." type="journal article" year="1922">Watzl, 1922</bibRefCitation>
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</taxonomicName>
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="0D4736E28258D770FF419DBBE61FFD0D" blockId="35.[151,820,497,703]" box="[151,513,681,703]" pageId="35" pageNumber="90">
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||
<taxonomicName id="CAF84D618258D770FF419DBBE61FFD0D" ID-CoL="a7c1821f-abaf-4e56-8479-8e7e515d0070" authority="Carlgren 1949" authorityName="Carlgren" authorityYear="1949" box="[151,513,681,703]" class="Anthozoa" family="Aiptasiidae" genus="Bartholomea" kingdom="Animalia" order="Actiniaria" pageId="35" pageNumber="90" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="lucida">
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<emphasis id="3F8CEAF08258D770FF419DBBE577FD0D" box="[151,361,681,703]" italics="true" pageId="35" pageNumber="90">Bartholomea lucida:</emphasis>
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<bibRefCitation id="69694B138258D770FEB99DBBE61FFD0D" author="Carlgren" box="[367,513,681,703]" pageId="35" pageNumber="90" refString="Carlgren, O. (1949) A survey of the Ptychodactiaria, Corallimorpharia and Actiniaria. Kungliga Svenska Vetenskaps - Akademiens Handlingar, series 4, 1 (1), 1 - 121." type="journal article" year="1949">Carlgren 1949</bibRefCitation>
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</taxonomicName>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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||
<subSubSection id="45E265698258D770FF419C10E641FCAE" box="[151,607,770,796]" pageId="35" pageNumber="90" type="materials_examined">
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<paragraph id="0D4736E28258D770FF419C10E641FCAE" blockId="35.[151,1437,770,1082]" box="[151,607,770,796]" pageId="35" pageNumber="90">
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<emphasis id="3F8CEAF08258D770FF419C10E595FCAE" bold="true" box="[151,395,770,796]" pageId="35" pageNumber="90">Material examined.</emphasis>
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(See Appendix 1).
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="45E265698258D775FF419C37E158F82E" lastPageId="38" lastPageNumber="93" pageId="35" pageNumber="90" type="description">
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<paragraph id="0D4736E28258D770FF419C37E7A8FB88" blockId="35.[151,1437,770,1082]" pageId="35" pageNumber="90">
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<emphasis id="3F8CEAF08258D770FF419C37E537FC8C" bold="true" box="[151,297,805,830]" pageId="35" pageNumber="90">Description.</emphasis>
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<emphasis id="3F8CEAF08258D770FEE29C37E61CFC8F" box="[308,514,805,830]" italics="true" pageId="35" pageNumber="90">External anatomy</emphasis>
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(
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<figureCitation id="95C32A678258D770FDC09C37E66FFC8C" box="[534,625,805,830]" captionStart="FIGURE 20" captionStartId="35.[151,250,1983,2005]" captionTargetBox="[188,1398,1134,1961]" captionTargetId="figure@35.[188,1398,1134,1961]" captionTargetPageId="35" captionText="FIGURE 20. External anatomy of Laviactis lucida comb. nov. A) Lateral view of living specimen. B) Lateral view of preserved and contracted specimen. C) Detail of tentacular vesicles. Scale bars: A – C, 10 mm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/250378/files/figure.png" pageId="35" pageNumber="90">Fig. 20</figureCitation>
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): Pedal disc to
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<quantity id="CA009B078258D770FCF99C37E79DFC8F" box="[815,899,805,830]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.0" pageId="35" pageNumber="90" unit="mm" value="50.0">50 mm</quantity>
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diameter in preserved specimens, wider than column in living specimens. Column elongate, divisible in scapus and capitulum, to
|
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<quantity id="CA009B078258D770FB819C5BE0B9FCD3" box="[1111,1191,841,866]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.0" pageId="35" pageNumber="90" unit="mm" value="50.0">50 mm</quantity>
|
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height and to
|
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<quantity id="CA009B078258D770FA9B9C58E183FCD3" box="[1357,1437,842,866]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.0" pageId="35" pageNumber="90" unit="mm" value="30.0">30 mm</quantity>
|
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diameter in preserved specimens (to
|
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<quantity id="CA009B078258D770FDEF9C7CE686FC37" box="[569,664,878,902]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.2" pageId="35" pageNumber="90" unit="mm" value="120.0">120 mm</quantity>
|
||
height and
|
||
<quantity id="CA009B078258D770FCC99C7FE771FC37" box="[799,879,877,902]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.0" pageId="35" pageNumber="90" unit="mm" value="50.0">50 mm</quantity>
|
||
diameter in living specimens). Cinclides in midcolumn, very numerous, in up to five rows, corresponding with endocoels of first two cycles of mesenteries (
|
||
<figureCitation id="95C32A678258D770FAB99C83E4A9FC7C" captionStart="FIGURE 20" captionStartId="35.[151,250,1983,2005]" captionTargetBox="[188,1398,1134,1961]" captionTargetId="figure@35.[188,1398,1134,1961]" captionTargetPageId="35" captionText="FIGURE 20. External anatomy of Laviactis lucida comb. nov. A) Lateral view of living specimen. B) Lateral view of preserved and contracted specimen. C) Detail of tentacular vesicles. Scale bars: A – C, 10 mm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/250378/files/figure.png" pageId="35" pageNumber="90">Fig. 20</figureCitation>
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B). Rounded, relatively large oral stoma. Mesenterial insertions visible (
|
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<figureCitation id="95C32A678258D770FBD69CA7E07FFC7C" box="[1024,1121,949,974]" captionStart="FIGURE 20" captionStartId="35.[151,250,1983,2005]" captionTargetBox="[188,1398,1134,1961]" captionTargetId="figure@35.[188,1398,1134,1961]" captionTargetPageId="35" captionText="FIGURE 20. External anatomy of Laviactis lucida comb. nov. A) Lateral view of living specimen. B) Lateral view of preserved and contracted specimen. C) Detail of tentacular vesicles. Scale bars: A – C, 10 mm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/250378/files/figure.png" pageId="35" pageNumber="90">Figs. 20</figureCitation>
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A, B). Oral disc to
|
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<quantity id="CA009B078258D770FA9F9CA4E183FC7F" box="[1353,1437,950,974]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.0" pageId="35" pageNumber="90" unit="mm" value="30.0">30 mm</quantity>
|
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diameter in preserved specimens. Tentacles to 192, tapering toward tips, all of same length,
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<quantity id="CA009B078258D770FB439CC8E113FC43" box="[1173,1293,986,1010]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.0" metricValueMax="3.0" metricValueMin="1.0" pageId="35" pageNumber="90" unit="mm" value="20.0" valueMax="30.0" valueMin="10.0">10–30 mm</quantity>
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||
in preserved specimens (
|
||
<quantity id="CA009B078258D770FECA9CEFE586FBA7" box="[284,408,1021,1046]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="6.0" metricValueMax="7.0" metricValueMin="5.0" pageId="35" pageNumber="90" unit="mm" value="60.0" valueMax="70.0" valueMin="50.0">50–70 mm</quantity>
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length in living specimens). Tentacles not fully retractile, with hollow vesicles containing batteries of microbasic
|
||
<emphasis id="3F8CEAF08258D770FE4B9B30E5B5FB8B" box="[413,427,1058,1081]" italics="true" pageId="35" pageNumber="90">p</emphasis>
|
||
-amastigophores and basitrichs (
|
||
<figureCitation id="95C32A678258D770FCC39B33E76FFB88" box="[789,881,1057,1082]" captionStart="FIGURE 20" captionStartId="35.[151,250,1983,2005]" captionTargetBox="[188,1398,1134,1961]" captionTargetId="figure@35.[188,1398,1134,1961]" captionTargetPageId="35" captionText="FIGURE 20. External anatomy of Laviactis lucida comb. nov. A) Lateral view of living specimen. B) Lateral view of preserved and contracted specimen. C) Detail of tentacular vesicles. Scale bars: A – C, 10 mm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/250378/files/figure.png" pageId="35" pageNumber="90">Figs. 20</figureCitation>
|
||
A, C).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<caption id="5987666A8258D770FF4198ADE052F841" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/250378/files/figure.png" pageId="35" pageNumber="90" targetBox="[188,1398,1134,1961]" targetPageId="35">
|
||
<paragraph id="0D4736E28258D770FF4198ADE052F841" blockId="35.[151,1435,1983,2035]" pageId="35" pageNumber="90">
|
||
<emphasis id="3F8CEAF08258D770FF4198ADE53AF866" bold="true" box="[151,292,1983,2005]" pageId="35" pageNumber="90">FIGURE 20.</emphasis>
|
||
External anatomy of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="CAF84D618258D770FDC598D2E6A4F867" box="[531,698,1983,2005]" class="Anthozoa" family="Aiptasiidae" genus="Laviactis" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Actiniaria" pageId="35" pageNumber="90" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="lucida" status="comb. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="3F8CEAF08258D770FDC598D2E6A4F867" box="[531,698,1983,2005]" italics="true" pageId="35" pageNumber="90">Laviactis lucida</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="24BF578B8258D770FD1098ADE725F867" box="[710,827,1983,2005]" pageId="35" pageNumber="90">comb. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
A) Lateral view of living specimen. B) Lateral view of preserved and contracted specimen. C) Detail of tentacular vesicles. Scale bars: A–C, 10 mm.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<caption id="5987666A825FD777FF4199EAE4D8F857" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/250379/files/figure.png" pageId="36" pageNumber="91" targetBox="[269,1310,193,1766]" targetPageId="36">
|
||
<paragraph id="0D4736E2825FD777FF4199EAE4D8F857" blockId="36.[151,1436,1784,2021]" pageId="36" pageNumber="91">
|
||
<emphasis id="3F8CEAF0825FD777FF4199EAE501F8BF" bold="true" box="[151,287,1784,1806]" pageId="36" pageNumber="91">FIGURE 21.</emphasis>
|
||
Internal anatomy of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="CAF84D61825FD777FE2299EBE688F8BC" box="[500,662,1784,1806]" class="Anthozoa" family="Aiptasiidae" genus="Laviactis" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Actiniaria" pageId="36" pageNumber="91" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="lucida" status="comb. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="3F8CEAF0825FD777FE2299EBE688F8BC" box="[500,662,1784,1806]" italics="true" pageId="36" pageNumber="91">Laviactis lucida</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="24BF578B825FD777FD4A99EAE713F8BC" box="[668,781,1784,1806]" pageId="36" pageNumber="91">comb. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
A) Cross section of the column at the level of the actinopharynx showing the cycles of mesenteries (indicated by roman numerals between pairs). B) Detail of a longitudinal section of the proximal end showing the distinct basilar muscles (arrows). C) Longitudinal section of the distal column showing the weak mesogleal marginal sphincter muscle. D) Cross section through distal column showing the ectodermal longitudinal musculature. E) Cross section through a tentacle showing the ectodermal longitudinal musculature. F) Detail of longitudinal section of the tentacle showing a tentacular vesicle; notice zooxanthellae in gastrodermis and nematocyst batteries in epidermis (arrows). Abbreviations: ep, epidermis; ga, gastrodermis; me, mesoglea; s, siphonoglyph. Scale bars: A, C–F, 0.1 mm; B, 0.05 mm.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<caption id="5987666A825ED776FF4199F4E6CDF8A8" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/250380/files/figure.png" pageId="37" pageNumber="92" targetBox="[193,1397,205,1738]" targetPageId="37">
|
||
<paragraph id="0D4736E2825ED776FF4199F4E6CDF8A8" blockId="37.[151,1435,1766,1818]" pageId="37" pageNumber="92">
|
||
<emphasis id="3F8CEAF0825ED776FF4199F4E53FF949" bold="true" box="[151,289,1766,1788]" pageId="37" pageNumber="92">FIGURE 22.</emphasis>
|
||
Cnidae of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="CAF84D61825ED776FE4099F5E624F94E" box="[406,570,1766,1788]" class="Anthozoa" family="Aiptasiidae" genus="Laviactis" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Actiniaria" pageId="37" pageNumber="92" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="lucida" status="comb. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="3F8CEAF0825ED776FE4099F5E624F94E" box="[406,570,1766,1788]" italics="true" pageId="37" pageNumber="92">Laviactis lucida</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="24BF578B825ED776FD9499F4E6AAF94E" box="[578,692,1766,1788]" pageId="37" pageNumber="92">comb. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
A, C, F, I, K, L, N, O) Microbasic
|
||
<emphasis id="3F8CEAF0825ED776FBFE99F5E02BF94E" box="[1064,1077,1767,1788]" italics="true" pageId="37" pageNumber="92">p</emphasis>
|
||
-amastigophores. B, D, G, J, M, P) Basitrichs. E) Microbasic
|
||
<emphasis id="3F8CEAF0825ED776FE499816E5B2F8A8" box="[415,428,1796,1818]" italics="true" pageId="37" pageNumber="92">b</emphasis>
|
||
-mastigophore. H) Spirocyst.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<paragraph id="0D4736E2825ED775FF119855E724FF67" blockId="37.[151,1437,1863,2032]" lastBlockId="38.[151,1437,151,824]" lastPageId="38" lastPageNumber="93" pageId="37" pageNumber="92">
|
||
<emphasis id="3F8CEAF0825ED776FF119855E679F8ED" box="[199,615,1863,1888]" italics="true" pageId="37" pageNumber="92">Internal anatomy and microanatomy</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<figureCitation id="95C32A67825ED776FDA19855E6D3F8ED" box="[631,717,1863,1888]" captionStart="FIGURE 21" captionStartId="36.[151,250,1784,1806]" captionTargetBox="[269,1310,193,1766]" captionTargetId="figure@36.[269,1310,193,1767]" captionTargetPageId="36" captionText="FIGURE 21. Internal anatomy of Laviactis lucida comb. nov. A) Cross section of the column at the level of the actinopharynx showing the cycles of mesenteries (indicated by roman numerals between pairs). B) Detail of a longitudinal section of the proximal end showing the distinct basilar muscles (arrows). C) Longitudinal section of the distal column showing the weak mesogleal marginal sphincter muscle. D) Cross section through distal column showing the ectodermal longitudinal musculature. E) Cross section through a tentacle showing the ectodermal longitudinal musculature. F) Detail of longitudinal section of the tentacle showing a tentacular vesicle; notice zooxanthellae in gastrodermis and nematocyst batteries in epidermis (arrows). Abbreviations: ep, epidermis; ga, gastrodermis; me, mesoglea; s, siphonoglyph. Scale bars: A, C – F, 0.1 mm; B, 0.05 mm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/250379/files/figure.png" pageId="37" pageNumber="92">Fig. 21</figureCitation>
|
||
): Marginal sphincter muscle mesogleal, diffuse, weak, alveolar (
|
||
<figureCitation id="95C32A67825ED776FF499879E4EBF836" box="[159,245,1899,1924]" captionStart="FIGURE 21" captionStartId="36.[151,250,1784,1806]" captionTargetBox="[269,1310,193,1766]" captionTargetId="figure@36.[269,1310,193,1767]" captionTargetPageId="36" captionText="FIGURE 21. Internal anatomy of Laviactis lucida comb. nov. A) Cross section of the column at the level of the actinopharynx showing the cycles of mesenteries (indicated by roman numerals between pairs). B) Detail of a longitudinal section of the proximal end showing the distinct basilar muscles (arrows). C) Longitudinal section of the distal column showing the weak mesogleal marginal sphincter muscle. D) Cross section through distal column showing the ectodermal longitudinal musculature. E) Cross section through a tentacle showing the ectodermal longitudinal musculature. F) Detail of longitudinal section of the tentacle showing a tentacular vesicle; notice zooxanthellae in gastrodermis and nematocyst batteries in epidermis (arrows). Abbreviations: ep, epidermis; ga, gastrodermis; me, mesoglea; s, siphonoglyph. Scale bars: A, C – F, 0.1 mm; B, 0.05 mm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/250379/files/figure.png" pageId="37" pageNumber="92">Fig. 21</figureCitation>
|
||
C). More mesenteries distally than proximally. Mesenteries hexamerously arranged in five cycles. All cycles fertile, including directives. Two pairs of directives each associated with a deep siphonoglyph (
|
||
<figureCitation id="95C32A67825ED776FAF3989DE166F815" box="[1317,1400,1935,1960]" captionStart="FIGURE 21" captionStartId="36.[151,250,1784,1806]" captionTargetBox="[269,1310,193,1766]" captionTargetId="figure@36.[269,1310,193,1767]" captionTargetPageId="36" captionText="FIGURE 21. Internal anatomy of Laviactis lucida comb. nov. A) Cross section of the column at the level of the actinopharynx showing the cycles of mesenteries (indicated by roman numerals between pairs). B) Detail of a longitudinal section of the proximal end showing the distinct basilar muscles (arrows). C) Longitudinal section of the distal column showing the weak mesogleal marginal sphincter muscle. D) Cross section through distal column showing the ectodermal longitudinal musculature. E) Cross section through a tentacle showing the ectodermal longitudinal musculature. F) Detail of longitudinal section of the tentacle showing a tentacular vesicle; notice zooxanthellae in gastrodermis and nematocyst batteries in epidermis (arrows). Abbreviations: ep, epidermis; ga, gastrodermis; me, mesoglea; s, siphonoglyph. Scale bars: A, C – F, 0.1 mm; B, 0.05 mm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/250379/files/figure.png" pageId="37" pageNumber="92">Fig. 21</figureCitation>
|
||
A). Retractor muscles diffuse, long, occupying entire mesentery (
|
||
<figureCitation id="95C32A67825ED776FC9B98A1E781F87E" box="[845,927,1971,1996]" captionStart="FIGURE 21" captionStartId="36.[151,250,1784,1806]" captionTargetBox="[269,1310,193,1766]" captionTargetId="figure@36.[269,1310,193,1767]" captionTargetPageId="36" captionText="FIGURE 21. Internal anatomy of Laviactis lucida comb. nov. A) Cross section of the column at the level of the actinopharynx showing the cycles of mesenteries (indicated by roman numerals between pairs). B) Detail of a longitudinal section of the proximal end showing the distinct basilar muscles (arrows). C) Longitudinal section of the distal column showing the weak mesogleal marginal sphincter muscle. D) Cross section through distal column showing the ectodermal longitudinal musculature. E) Cross section through a tentacle showing the ectodermal longitudinal musculature. F) Detail of longitudinal section of the tentacle showing a tentacular vesicle; notice zooxanthellae in gastrodermis and nematocyst batteries in epidermis (arrows). Abbreviations: ep, epidermis; ga, gastrodermis; me, mesoglea; s, siphonoglyph. Scale bars: A, C – F, 0.1 mm; B, 0.05 mm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/250379/files/figure.png" pageId="37" pageNumber="92">Fig. 21</figureCitation>
|
||
A). Parietobasilar muscles well differentiated with strong processes. Longitudinal muscles of tentacles ectodermal (
|
||
<figureCitation id="95C32A67825ED776FC6D98C5E011F842" box="[955,1039,2007,2032]" captionStart="FIGURE 21" captionStartId="36.[151,250,1784,1806]" captionTargetBox="[269,1310,193,1766]" captionTargetId="figure@36.[269,1310,193,1767]" captionTargetPageId="36" captionText="FIGURE 21. Internal anatomy of Laviactis lucida comb. nov. A) Cross section of the column at the level of the actinopharynx showing the cycles of mesenteries (indicated by roman numerals between pairs). B) Detail of a longitudinal section of the proximal end showing the distinct basilar muscles (arrows). C) Longitudinal section of the distal column showing the weak mesogleal marginal sphincter muscle. D) Cross section through distal column showing the ectodermal longitudinal musculature. E) Cross section through a tentacle showing the ectodermal longitudinal musculature. F) Detail of longitudinal section of the tentacle showing a tentacular vesicle; notice zooxanthellae in gastrodermis and nematocyst batteries in epidermis (arrows). Abbreviations: ep, epidermis; ga, gastrodermis; me, mesoglea; s, siphonoglyph. Scale bars: A, C – F, 0.1 mm; B, 0.05 mm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/250379/files/figure.png" pageId="37" pageNumber="92">Fig. 21</figureCitation>
|
||
E). Strong longitudinal ectodermal muscles in distal end of column (
|
||
<figureCitation id="95C32A67825DD775FDDE9F85E647FF02" box="[520,601,151,176]" captionStart="FIGURE 21" captionStartId="36.[151,250,1784,1806]" captionTargetBox="[269,1310,193,1766]" captionTargetId="figure@36.[269,1310,193,1767]" captionTargetPageId="36" captionText="FIGURE 21. Internal anatomy of Laviactis lucida comb. nov. A) Cross section of the column at the level of the actinopharynx showing the cycles of mesenteries (indicated by roman numerals between pairs). B) Detail of a longitudinal section of the proximal end showing the distinct basilar muscles (arrows). C) Longitudinal section of the distal column showing the weak mesogleal marginal sphincter muscle. D) Cross section through distal column showing the ectodermal longitudinal musculature. E) Cross section through a tentacle showing the ectodermal longitudinal musculature. F) Detail of longitudinal section of the tentacle showing a tentacular vesicle; notice zooxanthellae in gastrodermis and nematocyst batteries in epidermis (arrows). Abbreviations: ep, epidermis; ga, gastrodermis; me, mesoglea; s, siphonoglyph. Scale bars: A, C – F, 0.1 mm; B, 0.05 mm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/250379/files/figure.png" pageId="38" pageNumber="93">Fig. 21</figureCitation>
|
||
D). Basilar muscles well differentiated, distinct, strong, with fibers on long mesogleal pennon (
|
||
<figureCitation id="95C32A67825DD775FEA79FAEE5DAFF66" box="[369,452,188,213]" captionStart="FIGURE 21" captionStartId="36.[151,250,1784,1806]" captionTargetBox="[269,1310,193,1766]" captionTargetId="figure@36.[269,1310,193,1767]" captionTargetPageId="36" captionText="FIGURE 21. Internal anatomy of Laviactis lucida comb. nov. A) Cross section of the column at the level of the actinopharynx showing the cycles of mesenteries (indicated by roman numerals between pairs). B) Detail of a longitudinal section of the proximal end showing the distinct basilar muscles (arrows). C) Longitudinal section of the distal column showing the weak mesogleal marginal sphincter muscle. D) Cross section through distal column showing the ectodermal longitudinal musculature. E) Cross section through a tentacle showing the ectodermal longitudinal musculature. F) Detail of longitudinal section of the tentacle showing a tentacular vesicle; notice zooxanthellae in gastrodermis and nematocyst batteries in epidermis (arrows). Abbreviations: ep, epidermis; ga, gastrodermis; me, mesoglea; s, siphonoglyph. Scale bars: A, C – F, 0.1 mm; B, 0.05 mm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/250379/files/figure.png" pageId="38" pageNumber="93">Fig. 21</figureCitation>
|
||
B). Acontia very numerous, long.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="0D4736E2825DD775FF119FCDE154FEF2" blockId="38.[151,1437,151,824]" pageId="38" pageNumber="93">
|
||
<emphasis id="3F8CEAF0825DD775FF119FCDE516FF4A" box="[199,264,223,248]" italics="true" pageId="38" pageNumber="93">Color</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<figureCitation id="95C32A67825DD775FECD9FCDE56BFF4A" box="[283,373,223,248]" captionStart="FIGURE 20" captionStartId="35.[151,250,1983,2005]" captionTargetBox="[188,1398,1134,1961]" captionTargetId="figure@35.[188,1398,1134,1961]" captionTargetPageId="35" captionText="FIGURE 20. External anatomy of Laviactis lucida comb. nov. A) Lateral view of living specimen. B) Lateral view of preserved and contracted specimen. C) Detail of tentacular vesicles. Scale bars: A – C, 10 mm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/250378/files/figure.png" pageId="38" pageNumber="93">Fig. 20</figureCitation>
|
||
): Living specimens with yellowish-translucent column proximally, darker distally; tentacles translucent with brown small spots and distinct white vesicles (
|
||
<figureCitation id="95C32A67825DD775FC8B9E16E7A7FEAE" box="[861,953,260,285]" captionStart="FIGURE 20" captionStartId="35.[151,250,1983,2005]" captionTargetBox="[188,1398,1134,1961]" captionTargetId="figure@35.[188,1398,1134,1961]" captionTargetPageId="35" captionText="FIGURE 20. External anatomy of Laviactis lucida comb. nov. A) Lateral view of living specimen. B) Lateral view of preserved and contracted specimen. C) Detail of tentacular vesicles. Scale bars: A – C, 10 mm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/250378/files/figure.png" pageId="38" pageNumber="93">Figs. 20</figureCitation>
|
||
A, C). Preserved specimens with yellowish column proximally and slightly darker distal column and tentacles; vesicles visible in preserved specimens.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="0D4736E2825DD775FF119E5EE59CFE3A" blockId="38.[151,1437,151,824]" pageId="38" pageNumber="93">
|
||
<emphasis id="3F8CEAF0825DD775FF119E5EE537FED7" box="[199,297,332,357]" italics="true" pageId="38" pageNumber="93">Cnidom:</emphasis>
|
||
Spirocysts, basitrichs, microbasic
|
||
<emphasis id="3F8CEAF0825DD775FD639E5EE6DDFED7" box="[693,707,332,357]" italics="true" pageId="38" pageNumber="93">b</emphasis>
|
||
-mastigophores and
|
||
<emphasis id="3F8CEAF0825DD775FC7F9E5FE7A9FED6" box="[937,951,333,356]" italics="true" pageId="38" pageNumber="93">p</emphasis>
|
||
-amastigophores (
|
||
<figureCitation id="95C32A67825DD775FB549E5EE0C6FED6" box="[1154,1240,332,357]" captionStart="FIGURE 22" captionStartId="37.[151,250,1766,1788]" captionTargetBox="[193,1397,205,1738]" captionTargetId="figure@37.[188,1398,193,1744]" captionTargetPageId="37" captionText="FIGURE 22. Cnidae of Laviactis lucida comb. nov. A, C, F, I, K, L, N, O) Microbasic p - amastigophores. B, D, G, J, M, P) Basitrichs. E) Microbasic b - mastigophore. H) Spirocyst." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/250380/files/figure.png" pageId="38" pageNumber="93">Fig. 22</figureCitation>
|
||
). See Table 7 for size and distribution.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="0D4736E2825DD775FF119E86E07FFE7D" blockId="38.[151,1437,151,824]" pageId="38" pageNumber="93">
|
||
<emphasis id="3F8CEAF0825DD775FF119E86E6D5FE1F" bold="true" box="[199,715,404,429]" pageId="38" pageNumber="93">Geographic and bathymetric distribution.</emphasis>
|
||
From
|
||
<collectingCountry id="75EF7672825DD775FCC99E86E79BFE1F" box="[799,901,404,429]" name="Bahamas" pageId="38" pageNumber="93">Bahamas</collectingCountry>
|
||
to
|
||
<collectingCountry id="75EF7672825DD775FC629E86E03FFE1F" box="[948,1057,404,429]" name="Barbados" pageId="38" pageNumber="93">Barbados</collectingCountry>
|
||
, along the entire Caribbean Sea (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="69694B13825DD775FF489EA5E5FBFE62" author="Gonzalez-Munoz" box="[158,485,439,464]" pageId="38" pageNumber="93" refString="Gonzalez-Munoz, R., Simoes, N., Sanchez-Rodriguez, J., Rodriguez, E. & Segura-Puertas, L. (2012) First inventory of sea anemones (Cnidaria: Actiniaria) of the Mexican Caribbean. Zootaxa, 3556, 1 - 38." type="journal article" year="2012">
|
||
González-Muñoz
|
||
<emphasis id="3F8CEAF0825DD775FEBF9EABE5BFFE62" box="[361,417,439,464]" italics="true" pageId="38" pageNumber="93">et al.</emphasis>
|
||
2012
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
). This is a shallow water species found between
|
||
<quantity id="CA009B07825DD775FBD39EA5E043FE7D" box="[1029,1117,439,464]" metricMagnitude="0" metricUnit="m" metricValue="8.0" metricValueMax="15.0" metricValueMin="1.0" pageId="38" pageNumber="93" unit="m" value="8.0" valueMax="15.0" valueMin="1.0">
|
||
1–
|
||
<specimenCount id="1BFEFD6B825DD775FBF69EA5E043FE7D" box="[1056,1117,439,464]" pageId="38" pageNumber="93" type="generic">15 m</specimenCount>
|
||
</quantity>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="0D4736E2825DD775FF119ECEE551FD1A" blockId="38.[151,1437,151,824]" pageId="38" pageNumber="93">
|
||
<emphasis id="3F8CEAF0825DD775FF119ECEE5A1FE47" bold="true" box="[199,447,476,501]" pageId="38" pageNumber="93">Taxonomic remarks</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
<taxonomicName id="CAF84D61825DD775FE009ECFE68CFE47" box="[470,658,476,501]" class="Anthozoa" family="Aiptasiidae" genus="Laviactis" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Actiniaria" pageId="38" pageNumber="93" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="lucida" status="comb. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="3F8CEAF0825DD775FE009ECFE68CFE47" box="[470,658,476,501]" italics="true" pageId="38" pageNumber="93">Laviactis lucida</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="24BF578B825DD775FD749ECEE739FE46" box="[674,807,476,501]" pageId="38" pageNumber="93">comb. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
has a complicated taxonomic history (reviewed in
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="69694B13825DD775FF419EEDE5C1FDAA" author="Gonzalez-Munoz" box="[151,479,511,536]" pageId="38" pageNumber="93" refString="Gonzalez-Munoz, R., Simoes, N., Sanchez-Rodriguez, J., Rodriguez, E. & Segura-Puertas, L. (2012) First inventory of sea anemones (Cnidaria: Actiniaria) of the Mexican Caribbean. Zootaxa, 3556, 1 - 38." type="journal article" year="2012">
|
||
González-Muñoz
|
||
<emphasis id="3F8CEAF0825DD775FEB79D13E584FDAA" box="[353,410,511,536]" italics="true" pageId="38" pageNumber="93">et al.</emphasis>
|
||
2012
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
). We agree with
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="69694B13825DD775FD489EEDE7EAFDAA" box="[670,1012,511,536]" pageId="38" pageNumber="93" refString="Gonzalez-Munoz, R., Simoes, N., Sanchez-Rodriguez, J., Rodriguez, E. & Segura-Puertas, L. (2012) First inventory of sea anemones (Cnidaria: Actiniaria) of the Mexican Caribbean. Zootaxa, 3556, 1 - 38." type="journal article">
|
||
González-Muñoz
|
||
<emphasis id="3F8CEAF0825DD775FCBE9D13E7BCFDAA" box="[872,930,511,536]" italics="true" pageId="38" pageNumber="93">et al.</emphasis>
|
||
(2012)
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
that, based on morphology,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="CAF84D61825DD775FAE19D13E185FDAA" box="[1335,1435,511,536]" class="Anthozoa" family="Aiptasiidae" genus="Laviactis" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Actiniaria" pageId="38" pageNumber="93" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="lucida" status="comb. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="3F8CEAF0825DD775FAE19D13E185FDAA" box="[1335,1435,511,536]" italics="true" pageId="38" pageNumber="93">L. lucida</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="24BF578B825DD775FF419D36E50AFD8E" box="[151,276,548,573]" pageId="38" pageNumber="93">comb. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
clearly belongs within
|
||
<taxonomicName id="CAF84D61825DD775FDCB9D36E6BFFD8F" box="[541,673,548,573]" class="Anthozoa" family="Aiptasiidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Actiniaria" pageId="38" pageNumber="93" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="family">Aiptasiidae</taxonomicName>
|
||
. Available information on the other species of the genus,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="CAF84D61825DD775FAFC9D37E182FD8F" box="[1322,1436,548,573]" class="Anthozoa" family="Actiniidae" genus="Actinia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Actiniaria" pageId="38" pageNumber="93" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="hyalina" status="comb. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="3F8CEAF0825DD775FAFC9D37E182FD8F" box="[1322,1436,548,573]" italics="true" pageId="38" pageNumber="93">L. hyalina</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="24BF578B825DD775FF419D55E509FDED" box="[151,279,583,608]" pageId="38" pageNumber="93">comb. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
, is too scarce to determine the identity of the species (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="69694B13825DD775FC559D5AE031FDD2" author="Le" box="[899,1071,584,608]" pageId="38" pageNumber="93" refString="Le Sueur, C. A. (1817) Observations on several species of the genus Actinia; illustrated by figures. Journal of the Academic of Sciences of Philadelphia, 1, 149 - 154, 169 - 189." type="journal article" year="1817">Le Sueur 1817</bibRefCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="69694B13825DD775FBEA9D55E134FDD2" author="Milne" box="[1084,1322,583,608]" pageId="38" pageNumber="93" refString="Milne Edwards, H. (1857) Historie Naturelle des Coralliaires ou Polypes Proprement Dits, vol 1. Librairie Encyclopedique de Roret, Paris, 326 pp. http: // dx. doi. org / 10.5962 / bhl. title. 11396" type="book" year="1857">Milne Edwards 1857</bibRefCitation>
|
||
) and
|
||
<typeStatus id="D2438840825DD775FABA9D5AE182FDD2" box="[1388,1436,584,608]" pageId="38" pageNumber="93">type</typeStatus>
|
||
material is not available; thus, the status of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="CAF84D61825DD775FD589D7FE71CFD37" box="[654,770,620,645]" class="Anthozoa" family="Actiniidae" genus="Actinia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Actiniaria" pageId="38" pageNumber="93" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="hyalina" status="comb. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="3F8CEAF0825DD775FD589D7FE71CFD37" box="[654,770,620,645]" italics="true" pageId="38" pageNumber="93">L. hyalina</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="24BF578B825DD775FCDD9D7EE797FD36" box="[779,905,620,645]" pageId="38" pageNumber="93">comb. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
and its relationship with
|
||
<taxonomicName id="CAF84D61825DD775FB799D7FE10BFD37" box="[1199,1301,620,645]" class="Anthozoa" family="Aiptasiidae" genus="Laviactis" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Actiniaria" pageId="38" pageNumber="93" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="lucida" status="comb. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="3F8CEAF0825DD775FB799D7FE10BFD37" box="[1199,1301,620,645]" italics="true" pageId="38" pageNumber="93">L. lucida</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="24BF578B825DD775FAC89D7EE183FD36" box="[1310,1437,620,645]" pageId="38" pageNumber="93">comb. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
remains unclear.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="0D4736E2825DD775FF119DA6E71DFC8A" blockId="38.[151,1437,151,824]" pageId="38" pageNumber="93">
|
||
As previously suggested (e.g.
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="69694B13825DD775FDC19DA7E686FD7E" author="Dunn" box="[535,664,692,716]" pageId="38" pageNumber="93" refString="Dunn, D. F. (1981) The clownfish sea anemones: Stichodactylidae (Coelenterata: Actiniaria) and other sea anemones symbiotic with pomacentrid fishes. Transactions of the American Philosophical Society, 71, 1 - 115. http: // dx. doi. org / 10.2307 / 1006382" type="journal article" year="1981">Dunn 1981</bibRefCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="69694B13825DD775FD759DA6E7F9FD7E" author="Gonzalez-Munoz" box="[675,999,692,717]" pageId="38" pageNumber="93" refString="Gonzalez-Munoz, R., Simoes, N., Sanchez-Rodriguez, J., Rodriguez, E. & Segura-Puertas, L. (2012) First inventory of sea anemones (Cnidaria: Actiniaria) of the Mexican Caribbean. Zootaxa, 3556, 1 - 38." type="journal article" year="2012">
|
||
González-Muñoz
|
||
<emphasis id="3F8CEAF0825DD775FCBA9DA7E7BAFD7F" box="[876,932,692,717]" italics="true" pageId="38" pageNumber="93">et al.</emphasis>
|
||
2012
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
), our results show that
|
||
<taxonomicName id="CAF84D61825DD775FB3E9DA7E182FD7F" box="[1256,1436,692,717]" class="Anthozoa" family="Aiptasiidae" genus="Laviactis" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Actiniaria" pageId="38" pageNumber="93" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="lucida" status="comb. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="3F8CEAF0825DD775FB3E9DA7E182FD7F" box="[1256,1436,692,717]" italics="true" pageId="38" pageNumber="93">Laviactis lucida</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="24BF578B825DD775FF419DC5E50DFD5D" box="[151,275,727,752]" pageId="38" pageNumber="93">comb. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="CAF84D61825DD775FE9F9DC5E658FD42" box="[329,582,727,752]" class="Anthozoa" family="Aiptasiidae" genus="Bartholomea" kingdom="Animalia" order="Actiniaria" pageId="38" pageNumber="93" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="annulata">
|
||
<emphasis id="3F8CEAF0825DD775FE9F9DC5E658FD42" box="[329,582,727,752]" italics="true" pageId="38" pageNumber="93">Bartholomea annulata</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
differ primarily in the morphological structure of the tentacles. We consider the different morphology of the tentacles sufficient to maintain the genera as separate until the status of the additional species within both genera is studied further.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="0D4736E2825DD775FF419C76E138FC0C" blockId="38.[151,1435,867,958]" pageId="38" pageNumber="93">
|
||
<emphasis id="3F8CEAF0825DD775FF419C76E517FCC9" bold="true" box="[151,265,868,891]" pageId="38" pageNumber="93">TABLE 7.</emphasis>
|
||
Size ranges of the cnidae of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="CAF84D61825DD775FDE89C76E6F4FCC9" box="[574,746,867,891]" class="Anthozoa" family="Aiptasiidae" genus="Laviactis" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Actiniaria" pageId="38" pageNumber="93" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="lucida" status="comb. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="3F8CEAF0825DD775FDE89C76E6F4FCC9" box="[574,746,867,891]" italics="true" pageId="38" pageNumber="93">Laviactis lucida</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="24BF578B825DD775FD269C76E778FCC9" box="[752,870,868,891]" pageId="38" pageNumber="93">comb. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
<emphasis id="3F8CEAF0825DD775FCA69C7BE760FC37" bold="true" box="[880,894,873,901]" pageId="38" pageNumber="93">x</emphasis>
|
||
, mean; SD, standard deviation; S, ratio of number of specimens in which each cnida was found to number of specimens media examined; N, Total number of capsules measured; F, frequency; +++, very common; ++, common; +, rather common; Abbreviations: M, Microbasic.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="0D4736E2825DD775FF499CC8E136FC42" blockId="38.[159,1350,986,1948]" box="[159,1320,986,1020]" pageId="38" pageNumber="93">
|
||
Categories Range of length and width
|
||
<emphasis id="3F8CEAF0825DD775FD3C9CF2E6E6FC4E" bold="true" box="[746,760,992,1020]" pageId="38" pageNumber="93">x</emphasis>
|
||
± SD S N F
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="0D4736E2825DD775FE179CEAE675FBBC" blockId="38.[159,1350,986,1948]" box="[449,619,1016,1038]" pageId="38" pageNumber="93">of capsules (µm)</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="0D4736E2825DD775FF499B31E52FFB8A" blockId="38.[159,1350,986,1948]" box="[159,305,1058,1080]" pageId="38" pageNumber="93">PEDAL DISC</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="0D4736E2825DD775FF499B5EE158FBD3" blockId="38.[159,1350,986,1948]" box="[159,1350,1099,1121]" pageId="38" pageNumber="93">
|
||
M
|
||
<emphasis id="3F8CEAF0825DD775FF6A9B5EE4D7FBD3" box="[188,201,1100,1121]" italics="true" pageId="38" pageNumber="93">p</emphasis>
|
||
-amastigophores (20.4–34.7) x (3.5–6.3) 23.8±3.2 x 4.9±0.7
|
||
<date id="79461022825DD775FBDC9B59E0B5FBD3" box="[1034,1195,1099,1121]" pageId="38" pageNumber="93" value="1938-02-02">2/2 38</date>
|
||
+++
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="0D4736E2825DD775FF499B66E158FB38" blockId="38.[159,1350,986,1948]" box="[159,1350,1140,1162]" pageId="38" pageNumber="93">
|
||
Basitrichs (11.9–27.7) x (1.9–5.7) 16.6±1.1 x 5.7±1.1
|
||
<date id="79461022825DD775FBDC9B66E0B2FB38" box="[1034,1196,1140,1162]" pageId="38" pageNumber="93" value="1932-02-02">2/2 32</date>
|
||
+++
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="0D4736E2825DD775FF499B8CE513FB06" blockId="38.[159,1350,986,1948]" box="[159,269,1182,1204]" pageId="38" pageNumber="93">COLUMN</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="0D4736E2825DD775FF499BDAE158FB6F" blockId="38.[159,1350,986,1948]" box="[159,1350,1223,1245]" pageId="38" pageNumber="93">
|
||
M
|
||
<emphasis id="3F8CEAF0825DD775FF6A9BDAE4D7FB6F" box="[188,201,1224,1245]" italics="true" pageId="38" pageNumber="93">p</emphasis>
|
||
-amastigophores (13.1–22.3) x (3.2–5.6) 17.1±2.7 x 4.2±0.5
|
||
<date id="79461022825DD775FBDC9BD5E0B5FB6F" box="[1034,1195,1223,1245]" pageId="38" pageNumber="93" value="1935-02-02">2/2 35</date>
|
||
+++
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="0D4736E2825DD775FF499BE2E158FAB4" blockId="38.[159,1350,986,1948]" box="[159,1350,1264,1286]" pageId="38" pageNumber="93">
|
||
Basitrichs (11.1–17.1) x (1.4–2.9) 13.6±1.8 x 2.3±0.4
|
||
<date id="79461022825DD775FBDC9BE2E0B2FAB4" box="[1034,1196,1264,1286]" pageId="38" pageNumber="93" value="1934-02-02">2/2 34</date>
|
||
+++
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="0D4736E2825DD775FF499A09E158FA82" blockId="38.[159,1350,986,1948]" box="[159,1350,1306,1328]" pageId="38" pageNumber="93">
|
||
M
|
||
<emphasis id="3F8CEAF0825DD775FF6D9A08E4D9FA82" box="[187,199,1306,1328]" italics="true" pageId="38" pageNumber="93">b</emphasis>
|
||
-mastigophores (16.6–24.8) x (3.2–5.1) 21.9±1.8 x 4.1±0.5
|
||
<date id="79461022825DD775FBDC9A08E0B2FA82" box="[1034,1196,1306,1328]" pageId="38" pageNumber="93" value="1934-02-02">2/2 34</date>
|
||
+++
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="0D4736E2825DD775FF499A51E530FAEB" blockId="38.[159,1350,986,1948]" box="[159,302,1347,1369]" pageId="38" pageNumber="93">TENTACLES</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="0D4736E2825DD775FF499A7FE158FA30" blockId="38.[159,1350,986,1948]" box="[159,1350,1388,1411]" pageId="38" pageNumber="93">
|
||
M
|
||
<emphasis id="3F8CEAF0825DD775FF6A9A7CE4D7FA31" box="[188,201,1390,1411]" italics="true" pageId="38" pageNumber="93">p</emphasis>
|
||
-amastigophores (36.1–54.7) x (18.1–25.2) 41.8±3.8 x 6.5±0.9
|
||
<date id="79461022825DD775FBDC9A7EE0B2FA30" box="[1034,1196,1388,1410]" pageId="38" pageNumber="93" value="1930-02-02">2/2 30</date>
|
||
+++
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="0D4736E2825DD775FF499A84E126FA1E" blockId="38.[159,1350,986,1948]" box="[159,1336,1430,1452]" pageId="38" pageNumber="93">
|
||
Basitrichs (18.1–25.2) x (1.5–3.1) 21.2±2.3 x 2.5±0.5
|
||
<date id="79461022825DD775FBDC9A84E0B2FA1E" box="[1034,1196,1430,1452]" pageId="38" pageNumber="93" value="1928-02-02">2/2 28</date>
|
||
++
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="0D4736E2825DD775FF499AADE158FA67" blockId="38.[159,1350,986,1948]" box="[159,1350,1471,1493]" pageId="38" pageNumber="93">
|
||
Spirocysts (15.1–30.3) x (2.3–6.7) 22.4±4.4 x 3.9±0.9
|
||
<date id="79461022825DD775FBDC9AADE0B2FA67" box="[1034,1196,1471,1493]" pageId="38" pageNumber="93" value="1937-02-02">2/2 37</date>
|
||
+++
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="0D4736E2825DD775FF499AFAE566FA4C" blockId="38.[159,1350,986,1948]" box="[159,376,1512,1534]" pageId="38" pageNumber="93">ACTINOPHARYNX</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="0D4736E2825DD775FF499901E158F99A" blockId="38.[159,1350,986,1948]" box="[159,1350,1554,1576]" pageId="38" pageNumber="93">
|
||
M
|
||
<emphasis id="3F8CEAF0825DD775FF6A9901E4D7F99A" box="[188,201,1555,1576]" italics="true" pageId="38" pageNumber="93">p</emphasis>
|
||
-amastigophores (34.1–40.1) x (4.7–5.8) 37.4±1.8 x 5.1±0.4
|
||
<date id="79461022825DD775FBDC9900E0B5F99A" box="[1034,1195,1554,1576]" pageId="38" pageNumber="93" value="1941-02-02">2/2 41</date>
|
||
+++
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="0D4736E2825DD775FF499929E126F9E3" blockId="38.[159,1350,986,1948]" box="[159,1336,1595,1617]" pageId="38" pageNumber="93">
|
||
Basitrichs (18.2–26.5) x (2.2–3.5) 22.3±2.4 x 2.9±0.4
|
||
<date id="79461022825DD775FBDC9929E0B2F9E3" box="[1034,1196,1595,1617]" pageId="38" pageNumber="93" value="1938-02-02">2/2 38</date>
|
||
++
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="0D4736E2825DD775FF499976E533F9C8" blockId="38.[159,1350,986,1948]" box="[159,301,1636,1658]" pageId="38" pageNumber="93">FILAMENTS</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="0D4736E2825DD775FF49999DE15BF916" blockId="38.[159,1350,986,1948]" box="[159,1349,1678,1700]" pageId="38" pageNumber="93">
|
||
M
|
||
<emphasis id="3F8CEAF0825DD775FF6A999DE4D7F916" box="[188,201,1679,1700]" italics="true" pageId="38" pageNumber="93">p</emphasis>
|
||
-amastigophores 1 (12.2–14.2) x (2.3–3.1) 13.2±0.6 x 2.8±0.2
|
||
<date id="79461022825DD775FBDC999CE0B5F916" box="[1034,1195,1678,1700]" pageId="38" pageNumber="93" value="1931-02-02">2/2 31</date>
|
||
+++
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="0D4736E2825DD775FF4999AAE15BF97F" blockId="38.[159,1350,986,1948]" box="[159,1349,1719,1741]" pageId="38" pageNumber="93">
|
||
M
|
||
<emphasis id="3F8CEAF0825DD775FF6A99AAE4D7F97F" box="[188,201,1720,1741]" italics="true" pageId="38" pageNumber="93">p</emphasis>
|
||
-amastigophores 2 (38.6–44.5) x (5.3–7.2) 40.7±1.8 x 6.2±0.7
|
||
<date id="79461022825DD775FBDC99A5E0B5F97F" box="[1034,1195,1719,1741]" pageId="38" pageNumber="93" value="1930-02-02">2/2 30</date>
|
||
+++
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="0D4736E2825DD775FF4999F3E137F945" blockId="38.[159,1350,986,1948]" box="[159,1321,1761,1783]" pageId="38" pageNumber="93">
|
||
Basitrichs (11.6–12.9) x (1.9–3.6) 12.2±0.4 x 2.4±0.6
|
||
<date id="79461022825DD775FBDC99F3E0B2F945" box="[1034,1196,1761,1783]" pageId="38" pageNumber="93" value="1927-02-02">2/2 27</date>
|
||
+
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="0D4736E2825DD775FF499818E50FF892" blockId="38.[159,1350,986,1948]" box="[159,273,1802,1824]" pageId="38" pageNumber="93">ACONTIA</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="0D4736E2825DD775FF499826E129F8FB" blockId="38.[159,1350,986,1948]" box="[159,1335,1843,1865]" pageId="38" pageNumber="93">
|
||
M
|
||
<emphasis id="3F8CEAF0825DD775FF6A9826E4D7F8FB" box="[188,201,1844,1865]" italics="true" pageId="38" pageNumber="93">p</emphasis>
|
||
-amastigophores 1 (15.6–16.5) x (3.2–3.3) 67.1±2.8 x 9.5±0.5
|
||
<date id="79461022825DD775FBDC9821E0B5F8FB" box="[1034,1195,1843,1865]" pageId="38" pageNumber="93" value="1933-02-02">2/2 33</date>
|
||
++
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="0D4736E2825DD775FF49984FE15BF8C0" blockId="38.[159,1350,986,1948]" box="[159,1349,1884,1907]" pageId="38" pageNumber="93">
|
||
M
|
||
<emphasis id="3F8CEAF0825DD775FF6A984CE4D7F8C1" box="[188,201,1886,1907]" italics="true" pageId="38" pageNumber="93">p</emphasis>
|
||
-amastigophores 2 (61.8–71.1) x (8.4–10.3) 16.1±0.6 x 3.3±0.1
|
||
<date id="79461022825DD775FBDC984EE0B5F8C0" box="[1034,1195,1884,1906]" pageId="38" pageNumber="93" value="1932-02-02">2/2 32</date>
|
||
+++
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="0D4736E2825DD775FF499894E158F82E" blockId="38.[159,1350,986,1948]" box="[159,1350,1926,1948]" pageId="38" pageNumber="93">
|
||
Basitrichs (22.7–35.1) x (1.5–3.2) 30.6±2.4 x 2.3±0.4
|
||
<date id="79461022825DD775FBDC9894E0B2F82E" box="[1034,1196,1926,1948]" pageId="38" pageNumber="93" value="1935-02-02">2/2 35</date>
|
||
+++
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |