215 lines
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215 lines
15 KiB
XML
<document ID-DOI="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.330.5852" ID-GBIF-Dataset="f9602278-08da-4939-93dd-c27411b58799" ID-PMC="PMC3800804" ID-Pensoft-Pub="1313-2970-330-27" ID-PubMed="24146554" ModsDocAuthor="" ModsDocDate="2013" ModsDocID="1313-2970-330-27" ModsDocOrigin="ZooKeys 330" ModsDocTitle="Systematics of a widely distributed western North American springsnail, Pyrgulopsis micrococcus (Caenogastropoda, Hydrobiidae), with descriptions of three new congeners" checkinTime="1451246967179" checkinUser="pensoft" docAuthor="Hershler, Robert, Liu, Hsiu-Ping & Bradford, Corbin" docDate="2013" docId="AC846BFC78C4061CD1842C07CBED3476" docLanguage="en" docName="ZooKeys 330: 27-52" docOrigin="ZooKeys 330" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.330.5852" docTitle="Pyrgulopsis perforata Hershler, Liu & Bradford, sp. n." docType="treatment" docVersion="4" lastPageNumber="35" masterDocId="0D16A727FFC8FFB1FFC7FFA2FFDEFFA5" masterDocTitle="Systematics of a widely distributed western North American springsnail, Pyrgulopsis micrococcus (Caenogastropoda, Hydrobiidae), with descriptions of three new congeners" masterLastPageNumber="52" masterPageNumber="27" pageNumber="33" updateTime="1668156417481" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
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<mods:mods xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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<mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:title>Systematics of a widely distributed western North American springsnail, Pyrgulopsis micrococcus (Caenogastropoda, Hydrobiidae), with descriptions of three new congeners</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Hershler, Robert</mods:namePart>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Liu, Hsiu-Ping</mods:namePart>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Bradford, Corbin</mods:namePart>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:typeOfResource>text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:relatedItem type="host">
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<mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:title>ZooKeys</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:part>
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<mods:date>2013</mods:date>
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<mods:detail type="volume">
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<mods:number>330</mods:number>
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</mods:detail>
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<mods:extent unit="page">
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<mods:start>27</mods:start>
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<mods:end>52</mods:end>
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</mods:extent>
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</mods:part>
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</mods:relatedItem>
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<mods:location>
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<mods:url>http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.330.5852</mods:url>
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</mods:location>
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<mods:classification>journal article</mods:classification>
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<mods:identifier type="DOI">http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.330.5852</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="Pensoft-Pub">1313-2970-330-27</mods:identifier>
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</mods:mods>
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<treatment ID-GBIF-Taxon="152047537" LSID="urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:B246F89B-53AD-4476-8F47-DE21324ED20F" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/AC846BFC78C4061CD1842C07CBED3476" lastPageId="8" lastPageNumber="35" pageId="6" pageNumber="33">
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<subSubSection pageId="6" pageNumber="33" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph pageId="6" pageNumber="33">
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<taxonomicName LSID="http://zoobank.org/B246F89B-53AD-4476-8F47-DE21324ED20F" authority="Hershler, Liu & Bradford" class="Gastropoda" family="Hydrobiidae" genus="Pyrgulopsis" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Pyrgulopsis perforata" order="Littorinimorpha" pageId="6" pageNumber="33" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="perforata">Pyrgulopsis perforata Hershler, Liu & Bradford</taxonomicName>
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<taxonomicNameLabel pageId="6" pageNumber="33">sp. n.</taxonomicNameLabel>
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Figs 4
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<normalizedToken originalValue="C–D">C-D</normalizedToken>
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, 6
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="6" pageNumber="33" type="reference_group">
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<paragraph pageId="6" pageNumber="33">
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<taxonomicName class="Gastropoda" family="Hydrobiidae" genus="Pyrgulopsis" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Pyrgulopsis micrococcus" order="Littorinimorpha" pageId="6" pageNumber="33" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="micrococcus">Pyrgulopsis micrococcus</taxonomicName>
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. -
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<bibRefCitation author="Hershler, R" journalOrPublisher="Proceedings of the Biological Society of Washington" pageId="17" pageNumber="44" pagination="176 - 248" title="Springsnails (Gastropoda: Hydrobiidae) of Owens and Amargosa River (exclusive of Ash Meadows) drainages, Death Valley system, California-Nevada." volume="102" year="1989">Hershler 1989</bibRefCitation>
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(in part).
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="6" pageNumber="33">
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<taxonomicName class="Gastropoda" family="Hydrobiidae" genus="Pyrgulopsis" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Pyrgulopsis micrococcus" order="Littorinimorpha" pageId="6" pageNumber="33" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="micrococcus">Pyrgulopsis micrococcus</taxonomicName>
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clade B. -
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<bibRefCitation author="Liu, H-P" journalOrPublisher="Molecular Ecology" pageId="18" pageNumber="45" pagination="2771 - 2782" title="Mitochondrial DNA sequences reveal extensive cryptic diversity within a western American springsnail." url="10.1046/j.1365-294X.2003.01949.x" volume="12" year="2003">Liu et al. (2003)</bibRefCitation>
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.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="6" pageNumber="33" type="types">
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<paragraph pageId="6" pageNumber="33">Types.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="6" pageNumber="33">
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United States: Holotype, USNM 853507 (a dry shell), easternmost spring from
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<normalizedToken originalValue="Scotty’s">Scotty's</normalizedToken>
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Castle along California Highway 72, Grapevine Canyon, Death Valley, Inyo County, California,
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<geoCoordinate direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="1" value="37.03233">37.03233°N</geoCoordinate>
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,
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<geoCoordinate direction="west" orientation="longitude" precision="1" value="-117.32333">117.32333°W</geoCoordinate>
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, 26 February 1985, R. Hershler. Paratypes, USNM 1204734 (from same lot).
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="6" pageNumber="33" type="referred material">
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<paragraph pageId="6" pageNumber="33">Referred material.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="6" pageNumber="33">
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CALIFORNIA. Inyo County: BellMNH 20891, USNM 857965, USNM 883371, USNM 883374, USNM 883375, USNM 883376, USNM 883377, USNM 894332, easternmost spring from
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<normalizedToken originalValue="Scotty’s">Scotty's</normalizedToken>
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Castle along CA Hwy 72, Grapevine Canyon, Death Valley, USNM 883369, spring east of
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<normalizedToken originalValue="Scotty’s">Scotty's</normalizedToken>
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Castle along CA Hwy 27, Grapevine Canyon, Death Valley (
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<geoCoordinate direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="1" value="37.03259">37.03259°N</geoCoordinate>
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,
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<geoCoordinate direction="west" orientation="longitude" precision="1" value="-117.33118">117.33118°W</geoCoordinate>
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), USNM 883368, USNM 883379, spring just east of
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<normalizedToken originalValue="Scotty’s">Scotty's</normalizedToken>
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Castle, Grapevine Canyon, Death Valley (
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<geoCoordinate direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="1" value="37.03205">37.03205°N</geoCoordinate>
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,
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<geoCoordinate direction="west" orientation="longitude" precision="1" value="-117.33715">117.33715°W</geoCoordinate>
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), BellMNH 20999, USNM 894333, spring ca. 0.8 km west of
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<normalizedToken originalValue="Scotty’s">Scotty's</normalizedToken>
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Castle along CA Hwy 72, Grapevine Canyon, Death Valley (
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<geoCoordinate direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="1" value="37.014">37.01400°N</geoCoordinate>
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,
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<geoCoordinate direction="west" orientation="longitude" precision="1" value="-117.34867">117.34867°W</geoCoordinate>
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), USNM 894334, Surprise Springs, Death Valley (
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<geoCoordinate direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="1" value="36.99933">36.99933°N</geoCoordinate>
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,
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<geoCoordinate direction="west" orientation="longitude" precision="1" value="-117.344">117.34400°W</geoCoordinate>
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).
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="6" pageNumber="33" type="diagnosis">
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<paragraph pageId="6" pageNumber="33">Diagnosis.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="6" pageNumber="33">
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A small to medium-sized congener (maximum shell height, 2.6 mm) having a broadly to ovate conic shell. Differentiated from similar regional species except
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<taxonomicName class="Gastropoda" family="Hydrobiidae" genus="Pyrgulopsis" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Pyrgulopsis micrococcus" order="Littorinimorpha" pageId="6" pageNumber="33" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="micrococcus">Pyrgulopsis micrococcus</taxonomicName>
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by its low-spired, broadly umbilicate shell. Differs from
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<taxonomicName class="Gastropoda" family="Hydrobiidae" genus="Pyrgulopsis" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Pyrgulopsis micrococcus" order="Littorinimorpha" pageId="6" pageNumber="33" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="micrococcus">Pyrgulopsis micrococcus</taxonomicName>
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in having a larger distal lobe and smaller gland on the penis.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection lastPageId="7" lastPageNumber="34" pageId="6" pageNumber="33" type="description">
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<paragraph pageId="6" pageNumber="33">Description.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="6" pageNumber="33">
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Shell (Fig. 6
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<normalizedToken originalValue="A–B">A-B</normalizedToken>
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) broadly to ovate conic, whorls 3.00-4.25. Teleoconch whorls medium convex, shouldered. Aperture ovate, parietal lip complete, narrowly adnate or slightly disjunct, last 0.25-0.5 whorl rarely loosened behind aperture, umbilicus broad (Fig. 6C). Outer lip thin, orthocline or prosocline.
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</paragraph>
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<caption pageId="6" pageNumber="33">
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<paragraph pageId="6" pageNumber="33">
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Figure 6. Shells, opercula and radula,
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<taxonomicName class="Gastropoda" family="Hydrobiidae" genus="Pyrgulopsis" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Pyrgulopsis perforata" order="Littorinimorpha" pageId="6" pageNumber="33" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="perforata">Pyrgulopsis perforata</taxonomicName>
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sp. n. A Holotype, USNM 853507 B, C Shells, USNM 1204734 D, E Opercula (outer, inner sides), USNM 857965 F Portion of radular ribbon, USNM 857965 G Central teeth, USNM 857965 H Lateral and inner marginal teeth, USNM 857965. Scale bars
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<normalizedToken originalValue="A–C">A-C</normalizedToken>
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1.0 mm; D, E 200
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<normalizedToken originalValue="µm">µm</normalizedToken>
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; F 20
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<normalizedToken originalValue="µm">µm</normalizedToken>
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; G, H 10
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<normalizedToken originalValue="µm">µm</normalizedToken>
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.
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</paragraph>
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</caption>
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<paragraph lastPageId="7" lastPageNumber="34" pageId="6" pageNumber="33">
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Operculum (Fig. 6
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<normalizedToken originalValue="D–E">D-E</normalizedToken>
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) as for genus; outer side smooth; inner side smooth or weakly thickened along portions of the muscle attachment margin. Radula (Fig. 6
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<normalizedToken originalValue="F–H">F-H</normalizedToken>
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) as for genus; dorsal edge concave, lateral cusps
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<normalizedToken originalValue="four–eight">four-eight</normalizedToken>
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, basal cusp one. Lateral
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<pageBreakToken pageId="7" pageNumber="34" start="start">teeth</pageBreakToken>
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having
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<normalizedToken originalValue="two–four">two-four</normalizedToken>
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cusps on inner sides and
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<normalizedToken originalValue="three–six">three-six</normalizedToken>
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cusps on outer sides. Inner marginal teeth with 14-24 cusps, outer marginal teeth with 18-31 cusps. Radula data are from USNM 857965.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="7" pageNumber="34">
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Penis (Fig. 4
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<normalizedToken originalValue="C–D">C-D</normalizedToken>
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) medium-sized; filament medium length, narrow, tapering, oblique; lobe medium-sized, rectangular, horizontal or slightly oblique; small (terminal) gland present on ventral edge of lobe (60/60 specimens), one specimen had an additional dot-like gland on the ventral surface of the lobe and one specimen had a similar glandular unit on the dorsal surface of the lobe. Penial data are from BellMNH 20891, USNM 883371.
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</paragraph>
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<caption ID-Table-UUID="737742B0A35E01F6CAC57C8DD0B7232C" httpUri="http://table.plazi.org/id/737742B0A35E01F6CAC57C8DD0B7232C" pageId="7" pageNumber="34">
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<paragraph pageId="7" pageNumber="34">
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Table 2. Shell parameters for
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<taxonomicName class="Gastropoda" family="Hydrobiidae" genus="Pyrgulopsis" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Pyrgulopsis perforata" order="Littorinimorpha" pageId="7" pageNumber="34" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="perforata">Pyrgulopsis perforata</taxonomicName>
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. Measurements are in mm.<br/>
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</paragraph>
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</caption>
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<paragraph pageId="7" pageNumber="34">
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<table pageId="7" pageNumber="34">
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<tr pageId="7" pageNumber="34">
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<th colspan="1" pageId="7" pageNumber="34" rowspan="1">WH</th>
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<th colspan="1" pageId="7" pageNumber="34" rowspan="1">SH</th>
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<th colspan="1" pageId="7" pageNumber="34" rowspan="1">SW</th>
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<th colspan="1" pageId="7" pageNumber="34" rowspan="1">HBW</th>
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<th colspan="1" pageId="7" pageNumber="34" rowspan="1">WBW</th>
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<th colspan="1" pageId="7" pageNumber="34" rowspan="1">AH</th>
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<th colspan="1" pageId="7" pageNumber="34" rowspan="1">AW</th>
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<th colspan="1" pageId="7" pageNumber="34" rowspan="1">SW/SH</th>
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<th colspan="1" pageId="7" pageNumber="34" rowspan="1">HBW/SH</th>
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<th colspan="1" pageId="7" pageNumber="34" rowspan="1">AH/SH</th>
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</tr>
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</table>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="8" pageNumber="35" type="distribution">
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<paragraph pageId="8" pageNumber="35">
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<pageBreakToken pageId="8" pageNumber="35" start="start">Distribution</pageBreakToken>
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.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="8" pageNumber="35">
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Lower portion of Grapevine Canyon, and Grapevine Mountains, lower Amargosa River basin (M3, M4, M5, Fig. 2). The type locality (Fig. 5
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<normalizedToken originalValue="C–D">C-D</normalizedToken>
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) is the uppermost of a small series of springs to the east of
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<normalizedToken originalValue="Scotty’s">Scotty's</normalizedToken>
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Castle.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="8" pageNumber="35" type="etymology">
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<paragraph pageId="8" pageNumber="35">Etymology.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="8" pageNumber="35">An adjective derived from the New Latin, perforare, meaning to pierce, and referring to the broad umbilicate shells of this species.</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="8" pageNumber="35" type="remarks">
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<paragraph pageId="8" pageNumber="35">Remarks.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="8" pageNumber="35">
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The relationships of
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<taxonomicName class="Gastropoda" family="Hydrobiidae" genus="Pyrgulopsis" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Pyrgulopsis perforata" order="Littorinimorpha" pageId="8" pageNumber="35" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="perforata">Pyrgulopsis perforata</taxonomicName>
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were not well resolved in the molecular phylogenetic analysis (Fig. 1). Haplotype variation within this clade was relatively small (Appendix II).
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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</treatment>
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</document> |