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<document id="79CE3EB126FB9F196B15202046FB3DA5" ID-CLB-Dataset="99303" ID-DOI="10.5852/ejt.2022.830.1865" ID-GBIF-Dataset="deb635f8-c685-4637-b2a0-d028b1cba0ab" ID-ISSN="2118-9773" ID-Zenodo-Dep="6839847" ID-ZooBank="C1F47AD9-ECF6-4F0F-9928-55A45332FF4B" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.tables_requiresApprovalFor="existingObjects,plazi" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1657891195425" checkinUser="felipe" docAuthor="Kolesnichenko, Kirill A. &amp; Kotlobay, Anatoly A." docDate="2022" docId="EB42F330FFF9B31393A7FE8BFAA5FC8F" docLanguage="en" docName="ejt-830_1-60.pdf" docOrigin="European Journal of Taxonomy 830 (1)" docSource="http://zoobank.org/c1f47ad9-ecf6-4f0f-9928-55a45332ff4b" docStyle="DocumentStyle:EF2B578F1D15862ADE45B0C07C620911.14:EJT.2018-.journal_article.type1" docStyleId="EF2B578F1D15862ADE45B0C07C620911" docStyleName="EJT.2018-.journal_article.type1" docStyleVersion="14" docTitle="Melitaea Fabricius 1807" docType="key" docVersion="6" lastPageNumber="49" masterDocId="177B8B48FFD7B323931AFF82FFD2FF6B" masterDocTitle="Review of the fritillary species systematically close to Melitaea lutko Evans, 1932 (Lepidoptera: Nymphalidae) with analysis of their geographic distribution and interrelations with host plants" masterLastPageNumber="60" masterPageNumber="1" pageNumber="47" updateTime="1699360064085" updateUser="ExternalLinkService" zenodo-license-document="CC-BY-4.0" zenodo-license-figures="CC-BY-4.0" zenodo-license-treatments="UNSPECIFIED">
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<mods:title id="B91BDC4E4AB1F7E6155651D9C99E56D9">Review of the fritillary species systematically close to Melitaea lutko Evans, 1932 (Lepidoptera: Nymphalidae) with analysis of their geographic distribution and interrelations with host plants</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="719ECCBA25707F20AA9E8251E845F416">Kolesnichenko, Kirill A.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="01005F17896E427A0DF87C85D7B8D67D">Department of Entomology, Faculty of Biology, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Leninskie Gory I / 12, Moscow 119991, Russia.</mods:affiliation>
<mods:nameIdentifier id="2EF5FBC8EF42D1BDF6662F3D5460402E" type="email">kkolesnichenko@gmail.com</mods:nameIdentifier>
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<mods:namePart id="8AB255FB2FAEA990337A455E36E35D1D">Kotlobay, Anatoly A.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="E326B93A9ADE2BBD13CF95B9EA6570A3">Department of Entomology, Faculty of Biology, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Leninskie Gory I / 12, Moscow 119991, Russia.</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:title id="57A3F7310A105D9E16ECF34FAACCE2A6">European Journal of Taxonomy</mods:title>
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<mods:date id="9980A4A05212D3D86E48C513571A3942">2022</mods:date>
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<mods:number id="AC3ECDE9B6837AB841828465A27BFE6A">2022-07-15</mods:number>
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<mods:number id="365ED7109234095C2973C42C494F1516">830</mods:number>
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<treatment id="EB42F330FFF9B31393A7FE8BFAA5FC8F" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6855865" ID-GBIF-Taxon="197817555" ID-Zenodo-Dep="6855865" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:EB42F330FFF9B31393A7FE8BFAA5FC8F" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/EB42F330FFF9B31393A7FE8BFAA5FC8F" lastPageId="48" lastPageNumber="49" pageId="46" pageNumber="47">
<subSubSection id="2BF111ADFFF9B30D93A7FE8BFBBAFE48" box="[189,1128,264,291]" pageId="46" pageNumber="47" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph id="63544226FFF9B30D93A7FE8BFBBAFE48" blockId="46.[189,1128,264,291]" box="[189,1128,264,291]" pageId="46" pageNumber="47">
<heading id="381CF54AFFF9B30D93A7FE8BFBBAFE48" bold="true" box="[189,1128,264,291]" fontSize="11" level="3" pageId="46" pageNumber="47" reason="3">
<emphasis id="519F9E34FFF9B30D93A7FE8BFBBAFE48" bold="true" box="[189,1128,264,291]" pageId="46" pageNumber="47">
Key for determining the representatives of the
<taxonomicName id="A4EB39A5FFF9B30D901FFE8AFC20FE48" ID-CoL="92F8N" authorityName="Fabricius" authorityYear="1807" box="[773,1010,264,291]" class="Insecta" family="Nymphalidae" genus="Melitaea" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="46" pageNumber="47" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="519F9E34FFF9B30D901FFE8AFC91FE48" bold="true" box="[773,835,264,291]" italics="true" pageId="46" pageNumber="47">lutko</emphasis>
species group
</taxonomicName>
by males
</emphasis>
</heading>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="2BF111ADFFF9B30D93A7FEBAFAA5F8E6" pageId="46" pageNumber="47" type="key">
<key id="177A1517FFF9B30D93A7FEBAFAA5F8E6" pageId="46" pageNumber="47">
<keyStep id="D81F5A83FFF9B30D93A7FEBAFAA5FC4D" pageId="46" pageNumber="47">
<paragraph id="63544226FFF9B30D93A7FEBAFAA5FD41" blockId="46.[189,1400,312,806]" pageId="46" pageNumber="47">
<keyLead id="D81AE113FFF9B30D93A7FEBAFAA5FD41" pageId="46" pageNumber="47">
1. Thin harpe is (similar in shape to a scythe) without teeth on its inner surface (
<figureCitation id="FBD05EA3FFF9B30D978AFEBAFAC0FE39" box="[1168,1298,312,338]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="27.[189,232,1853,1879]" captionTargetBox="[192,1398,690,1814]" captionTargetId="figure-132@27.[189,1398,684,1814]" captionTargetPageId="27" captionText="Fig. 18. Male genitalia and harpe. A–C. Melitaea shahvarica sp. nov. D–E. M. lutko Evans, 1932. F–I. M. mimetica Higgins, 1940. A–C. Iran, Semnan Prov., Shahrud area, S macroslope of Shahvar Mts, alt. 2200–2400 m. D–E. Pakistan, Chitral, Chaghbini, CGNP [Chitral Gol National Park], alt. 2700 m. F–G. Afghanistan, Bamian Prov., Punjub Distr., 10 km. NE Varas v., alt. 2400 m. H–I. Afghanistan, Bamian Prov., Panjub Distr., 10 km. NE Varas vil., alt. 2400 m." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6839891" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6839891/files/figure.png" pageId="46" pageNumber="47">Fig. 18F–I</figureCitation>
), in rare cases teeth are weakly expressed (
<figureCitation id="FBD05EA3FFF9B30D916CFEDEFD09FE1D" box="[630,731,348,374]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="27.[189,232,1853,1879]" captionTargetBox="[192,1398,690,1814]" captionTargetId="figure-132@27.[189,1398,684,1814]" captionTargetPageId="27" captionText="Fig. 18. Male genitalia and harpe. A–C. Melitaea shahvarica sp. nov. D–E. M. lutko Evans, 1932. F–I. M. mimetica Higgins, 1940. A–C. Iran, Semnan Prov., Shahrud area, S macroslope of Shahvar Mts, alt. 2200–2400 m. D–E. Pakistan, Chitral, Chaghbini, CGNP [Chitral Gol National Park], alt. 2700 m. F–G. Afghanistan, Bamian Prov., Punjub Distr., 10 km. NE Varas v., alt. 2400 m. H–I. Afghanistan, Bamian Prov., Panjub Distr., 10 km. NE Varas vil., alt. 2400 m." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6839891" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6839891/files/figure.png" pageId="46" pageNumber="47">Fig. 18F</figureCitation>
); when looking at the genitalia from above (
<figureCitation id="FBD05EA3FFF9B30D97C3FEDEFAB8FE1D" box="[1241,1386,348,374]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="25.[189,232,1748,1774]" captionTargetBox="[311,1284,274,1694]" captionTargetId="figure-11@25.[296,1292,265,1709]" captionTargetPageId="25" captionText="Fig. 16. Male genitalia (without aedeagus) in dorsal projection. A–C. Melitaea shahvarica sp. nov. D–H. M. mimetica Higgins, 1940. I. M. lutko Evans, 1932. A–C. Iran, Semnan Prov., Shahrud area, S macroslope of Shahvar Mts, alt. 2200–2400 m. D. Pakistan, Balochistan, Quetta, Urak, alt. 2400– 2700 m. E. Afghanistan, Bamian Prov., 10 km S of Bamian t., Hushkak v. vicinity, alt, 2700– 2800 m. F. Central Afghanistan, Ghor Prov., 17 km E of Changcharan, 15 km S of Bandi-Ali, Gazak Mts, alt. 2400 m. G. Afghanistan, Bamian Prov., Punjub Distr., 10 km NE of Varas v., alt. 2400 m. H. Afghanistan, Ghor Prov., 16 km E of Changcharan, Bandi-Ali v. vicinity, alt. 2400 m. I. Pakistan, Chitral, Chaghbini CGNP [Chitral Gol National Park], alt. 2700 m." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6839885" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6839885/files/figure.png" pageId="46" pageNumber="47">Fig. 16D–H</figureCitation>
), the length of harpe is half of the length of valva; the slender caudal process of valva with one small spine in the distal part on the dorsal surface; the length of the caudal process is usually 3 times its width (
<figureCitation id="FBD05EA3FFF9B30D9224FE4AFE1BFE89" box="[318,457,456,482]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="47.[189,232,1750,1776]" captionTargetBox="[273,1315,270,1661]" captionTargetId="figure-11@47.[270,1317,265,1713]" captionTargetPageId="47" captionText="Fig.29.Differencesinthestructureofvalvaandaedeagusofthelutko speciesgroup.A.Melitaeashahvarica sp. nov. B, D, H. M. timandra binaludica subsp. nov. C–E. M. mimetica Higgins, 1940. F. M. lutko Evans, 1932. G. M. timandra timandra Coutsis &amp;van Oorschot, 2014. A. Iran, Semnan Prov., Shahrud area, S macroslope of Shahvar Mts, alt. 2200–2400 m. B. Iran, Rezavi Khorassan Prov., Kuh-e-Binalud Mts, Dorrud v. vicinity, alt. 2430 m. C. Afghanistan, Bamian Prov., Punjub Distr., 10 km NE of Varas v., alt. 2400 m. D. Afghanistan, Band-i-Amir, Hazarajat. E. Pakistan, Balochistan, Quetta, Urak, alt. 2400– 2700 m. F. Pakistan, Chitral, Gol National Park, alt. 2700 m. G. Turkmenistan, Sary-Yazy, alt. 700 m. H. Iran, Rezavi Khorassan Prov., Kuh-e-Binalud Mts, Dorrud v. vicinity, alt. 2430 m." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6839915" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6839915/files/figure.png" pageId="46" pageNumber="47">Fig. 29C, E</figureCitation>
). Saccus is wide (
<figureCitation id="FBD05EA3FFF9B30D9183FE4AFCCEFE89" box="[665,796,456,482]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="25.[189,232,1748,1774]" captionTargetBox="[311,1284,274,1694]" captionTargetId="figure-11@25.[296,1292,265,1709]" captionTargetPageId="25" captionText="Fig. 16. Male genitalia (without aedeagus) in dorsal projection. A–C. Melitaea shahvarica sp. nov. D–H. M. mimetica Higgins, 1940. I. M. lutko Evans, 1932. A–C. Iran, Semnan Prov., Shahrud area, S macroslope of Shahvar Mts, alt. 2200–2400 m. D. Pakistan, Balochistan, Quetta, Urak, alt. 2400– 2700 m. E. Afghanistan, Bamian Prov., 10 km S of Bamian t., Hushkak v. vicinity, alt, 2700– 2800 m. F. Central Afghanistan, Ghor Prov., 17 km E of Changcharan, 15 km S of Bandi-Ali, Gazak Mts, alt. 2400 m. G. Afghanistan, Bamian Prov., Punjub Distr., 10 km NE of Varas v., alt. 2400 m. H. Afghanistan, Ghor Prov., 16 km E of Changcharan, Bandi-Ali v. vicinity, alt. 2400 m. I. Pakistan, Chitral, Chaghbini CGNP [Chitral Gol National Park], alt. 2700 m." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6839885" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6839885/files/figure.png" pageId="46" pageNumber="47">Fig. 16E–I</figureCitation>
), distally rounded, its length is 1.5 times as great as width. UPS pattern is contrasting, with a well-developed UPF pale-yellow postdiscal area (
<figureCitation id="FBD05EA3FFF9B30D9614FE6EFED1FD41" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="12.[190,233,1779,1805]" captionTargetBox="[193,1394,869,1733]" captionTargetId="figure-192@12.[189,1398,866,1738]" captionTargetPageId="12" captionText="Fig. 6. Adults of M. mimetica Higgins, 1940. A–H. UPS. I–P. UNS. A–B, I–J. ♂, Pakistan, Balochistan, Quetta, Urak, alt. 2400–2700 m. C, K. ♂, Afghanistan, Ghowr Prov., Bayan Range, 15 km S of Chagcharan, Kindival vall. D, L. ♂, Afghanistan, Bamian Prov., Punjub Distr., 10 km NE of Varas v., alt. 2400 m. E–F, M–N. ♀, Pakistan, Balochistan, Quetta, Urak, alt. 2400–2700 m. G, O. ♀, Central Afghanistan, Bamian Prov., 8 km S of Bamian, Koh-e-Baba Mts, Dara-e-Khushkak, alt. 2930 m. H, P. ♀, Afghanistan, Bamian Prov., Punjub Distr., 10 km NE of Varas v., alt. 2400 m. B, J photos by Dr Eckweiler)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6839861" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6839861/files/figure.png" pageId="46" pageNumber="47">Fig. 6A– D</figureCitation>
).
<collectingCountry id="1BFC02B6FFF9B30D920CFD92FE7AFD41" box="[278,424,528,554]" name="Afghanistan" pageId="46" pageNumber="47">Afghanistan</collectingCountry>
,
<collectingCountry id="1BFC02B6FFF9B30D92AEFD92FDCEFD41" box="[436,540,528,554]" name="Pakistan" pageId="46" pageNumber="47">Pakistan</collectingCountry>
:
<collectingRegion id="A12F8CC4FFF9B30D913DFD92FD60FD41" box="[551,690,528,554]" country="Pakistan" name="Balochistan" pageId="46" pageNumber="47">Balochistan</collectingRegion>
..................................................
<taxonomicName id="A4EB39A5FFF9B30D972BFD92FAA5FD41" ID-CoL="9BMPQ" authority="Higgins, 1940" authorityName="Higgins" authorityYear="1940" baseAuthorityName="Higgins" baseAuthorityYear="1940" box="[1073,1399,528,554]" class="Insecta" family="Nymphalidae" genus="Melitaea" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="46" pageNumber="47" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="mimetica">
<emphasis id="519F9E34FFF9B30D972BFD92FB1BFD41" bold="true" box="[1073,1225,528,554]" italics="true" pageId="46" pageNumber="47">M. mimetica</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="077A3FD7FFF9B30D97CAFD92FAA5FD41" author="Higgins L. G." box="[1232,1399,528,554]" pageId="46" pageNumber="47" pagination="51 - 53" refId="ref29676" refString="Higgins L. G. 1940. A new species and two new subspecies of Melitaea (Lep. Nymphalidae). The Entomologist 73: 51 - 53." type="journal article" year="1940">Higgins, 1940</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
</keyLead>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="63544226FFF9B30D93DBFDB6FAA5FC4D" blockId="46.[189,1400,312,806]" pageId="46" pageNumber="47">
<keyLead id="D81AE113FFF9B30D93DBFDB6FAA5FC4D" pageId="46" pageNumber="47">
– Harpe is noticeably thickened in the central part (it resembles a sickle in shape), there are always clearly visible teeth on its inner surface (
<figureCitation id="FBD05EA3FFF9B30D91D9FDDAFC81FD19" box="[707,851,600,626]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="27.[189,232,1853,1879]" captionTargetBox="[192,1398,690,1814]" captionTargetId="figure-132@27.[189,1398,684,1814]" captionTargetPageId="27" captionText="Fig. 18. Male genitalia and harpe. A–C. Melitaea shahvarica sp. nov. D–E. M. lutko Evans, 1932. F–I. M. mimetica Higgins, 1940. A–C. Iran, Semnan Prov., Shahrud area, S macroslope of Shahvar Mts, alt. 2200–2400 m. D–E. Pakistan, Chitral, Chaghbini, CGNP [Chitral Gol National Park], alt. 2700 m. F–G. Afghanistan, Bamian Prov., Punjub Distr., 10 km. NE Varas v., alt. 2400 m. H–I. Afghanistan, Bamian Prov., Panjub Distr., 10 km. NE Varas vil., alt. 2400 m." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6839891" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6839891/files/figure.png" pageId="46" pageNumber="47">Figs 18A–E</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="FBD05EA3FFF9B30D9044FDDAFCACFD19" box="[862,894,600,626]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="28.[189,232,1853,1879]" captionTargetBox="[192,1398,692,1812]" captionTargetId="figure-178@28.[189,1398,689,1813]" captionTargetPageId="28" captionText="Fig. 19. Male genitalia and harpe. A–C. Melitaea timandra timandra Coutsis &amp; van Oorschot, 2014. D–I. M. timandra binaludica subsp. nov. A–C. Turkmenistan, Sary-Yazy, alt. 300 m. D–F. Iran, Rezavi Khorassan Prov., Kuh-e-Binalud Mts, Dorrud v. vicinity, alt. 2430 m. G. Afghanistan, Bamian Prov., Band-e-Amir, alt. 3200 m. H. Afghanistan, Bamian Prov., Band-e-Amir, Dzhudoi-Kvak Gorge, alt. 3200 m. I. Afghanistan, Band-e-Amir, Hazarajat." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6839893" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6839893/files/figure.png" pageId="46" pageNumber="47">19</figureCitation>
); when looking at the genitalia from above, the length of harpe is about a third of the length of valva (in the case of
<taxonomicName id="A4EB39A5FFF9B30D9753FDFFFB21FDFD" authority="Kolesnichenko &amp; Kotlobay, 2022" authorityName="Kolesnichenko &amp; Kotlobay" authorityYear="2022" box="[1097,1267,636,662]" class="Insecta" family="Nymphalidae" genus="Melitaea" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="46" pageNumber="47" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="shahvarica" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="519F9E34FFF9B30D9753FDFFFB21FDFD" box="[1097,1267,636,662]" italics="true" pageId="46" pageNumber="47">M. shahvarica</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="4AAC234FFFF9B30D97E1FDFEFA8BFDFD" box="[1275,1369,636,662]" pageId="46" pageNumber="47" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
, it can be a half of the length) (
<figureCitation id="FBD05EA3FFF9B30D9120FD22FD18FDD1" box="[570,714,672,698]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="25.[189,232,1748,1774]" captionTargetBox="[311,1284,274,1694]" captionTargetId="figure-11@25.[296,1292,265,1709]" captionTargetPageId="25" captionText="Fig. 16. Male genitalia (without aedeagus) in dorsal projection. A–C. Melitaea shahvarica sp. nov. D–H. M. mimetica Higgins, 1940. I. M. lutko Evans, 1932. A–C. Iran, Semnan Prov., Shahrud area, S macroslope of Shahvar Mts, alt. 2200–2400 m. D. Pakistan, Balochistan, Quetta, Urak, alt. 2400– 2700 m. E. Afghanistan, Bamian Prov., 10 km S of Bamian t., Hushkak v. vicinity, alt, 2700– 2800 m. F. Central Afghanistan, Ghor Prov., 17 km E of Changcharan, 15 km S of Bandi-Ali, Gazak Mts, alt. 2400 m. G. Afghanistan, Bamian Prov., Punjub Distr., 10 km NE of Varas v., alt. 2400 m. H. Afghanistan, Ghor Prov., 16 km E of Changcharan, Bandi-Ali v. vicinity, alt. 2400 m. I. Pakistan, Chitral, Chaghbini CGNP [Chitral Gol National Park], alt. 2700 m." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6839885" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6839885/files/figure.png" pageId="46" pageNumber="47">Fig. 16A–C</figureCitation>
); the caudal process of valva is usually wide, with several spines in the distal part on the dorsal surface, the length of the caudal process is 1.5 times its width. Saccus is thin, distally pointed, its length is 2 times as great as width (
<figureCitation id="FBD05EA3FFF9B30D970CFD6AFB7AFC69" box="[1046,1192,744,770]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="25.[189,232,1748,1774]" captionTargetBox="[311,1284,274,1694]" captionTargetId="figure-11@25.[296,1292,265,1709]" captionTargetPageId="25" captionText="Fig. 16. Male genitalia (without aedeagus) in dorsal projection. A–C. Melitaea shahvarica sp. nov. D–H. M. mimetica Higgins, 1940. I. M. lutko Evans, 1932. A–C. Iran, Semnan Prov., Shahrud area, S macroslope of Shahvar Mts, alt. 2200–2400 m. D. Pakistan, Balochistan, Quetta, Urak, alt. 2400– 2700 m. E. Afghanistan, Bamian Prov., 10 km S of Bamian t., Hushkak v. vicinity, alt, 2700– 2800 m. F. Central Afghanistan, Ghor Prov., 17 km E of Changcharan, 15 km S of Bandi-Ali, Gazak Mts, alt. 2400 m. G. Afghanistan, Bamian Prov., Punjub Distr., 10 km NE of Varas v., alt. 2400 m. H. Afghanistan, Ghor Prov., 16 km E of Changcharan, Bandi-Ali v. vicinity, alt. 2400 m. I. Pakistan, Chitral, Chaghbini CGNP [Chitral Gol National Park], alt. 2700 m." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6839885" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6839885/files/figure.png" pageId="46" pageNumber="47">Figs 16A–C</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="FBD05EA3FFF9B30D97A9FD6AFB01FC69" box="[1203,1235,744,770]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="26.[189,232,1847,1873]" captionTargetBox="[276,1315,271,1797]" captionTargetId="figure-17@26.[261,1325,263,1804]" captionTargetPageId="26" captionText="Fig. 17. Male genitalia (without aedeagus) in dorsal projection. A–C. Melitaea timandra timandra Coutsis &amp; van Oorschot, 2014. D–I. M. timandra binaludica subsp. nov. A–C. S Turkmenistan, Sary- Yazy, alt. 300 m. D–F. Iran, Rezavi Khorassan Prov., Kuh-e-Binalud Mts, Dorrud v. vicinity, alt. 2430 m. G. Iran, Horossan Prov., 35 km N of Birjant t. H. Afghanistan, Bamian Prov., Band-e-Amir, alt. 3200 m. I. Central Afghanistan, Bamian Prov., Band-e-Amir, Dzhudoi-Kvak Gorge, alt. 3200 m." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6839887" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6839887/files/figure.png" pageId="46" pageNumber="47">17</figureCitation>
). UPS pattern of the is monophonic with a weakly developed UPF postdiscal pale-yellow area ........................... 2
</keyLead>
</paragraph>
</keyStep>
<keyStep id="D81F5A83FFF9B30D93A7FCD4FAA5FBB3" pageId="46" pageNumber="47">
<paragraph id="63544226FFF9B30D93A7FCD4FAA5FB23" blockId="46.[189,1399,854,1240]" pageId="46" pageNumber="47">
<keyLead id="D81AE113FFF9B30D93A7FCD4FAA5FB23" pageId="46" pageNumber="47">
2. Harpe is short, strongly expanded in the central part, its length is 2 times as long as width (
<figureCitation id="FBD05EA3FFF9B30D97E5FCD4FED2FCFF" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="27.[189,232,1853,1879]" captionTargetBox="[192,1398,690,1814]" captionTargetId="figure-132@27.[189,1398,684,1814]" captionTargetPageId="27" captionText="Fig. 18. Male genitalia and harpe. A–C. Melitaea shahvarica sp. nov. D–E. M. lutko Evans, 1932. F–I. M. mimetica Higgins, 1940. A–C. Iran, Semnan Prov., Shahrud area, S macroslope of Shahvar Mts, alt. 2200–2400 m. D–E. Pakistan, Chitral, Chaghbini, CGNP [Chitral Gol National Park], alt. 2700 m. F–G. Afghanistan, Bamian Prov., Punjub Distr., 10 km. NE Varas v., alt. 2400 m. H–I. Afghanistan, Bamian Prov., Panjub Distr., 10 km. NE Varas vil., alt. 2400 m." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6839891" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6839891/files/figure.png" pageId="46" pageNumber="47">Fig. 18D– E</figureCitation>
). On the inner surface of harpe there is a well-defined row of teeth with a powerful tooth in the central part and small teeth on both sides of it. The broad caudal process of valva is elongated and distally strongly inwardly concave with a pointed apex (
<figureCitation id="FBD05EA3FFF9B30D90CBFC40FB82FCB7" box="[977,1104,962,988]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="7.[189,232,1678,1704]" captionTargetBox="[194,1394,610,1636]" captionTargetId="figure-140@7.[189,1398,607,1640]" captionTargetPageId="7" captionText="Fig. 3. Male genitalia (a = valva; b = aedeagus). A–G. Melitaea mimetica Higgins, 1940. H–I. M. lutko Evans, 1932. A. Pakistan, Balochistan, Quetta, Urak, alt. 2400–2700 m. B. Pakistan, Balochistan, Quetta, Urak, alt. 2400–2700 m. C. Central Afghanistan, Ghor Prov., 17 km E Changcharan, 15 km S of Bandi-Ali, Gazak Mts, alt. 2400 m. D. Central Afghanistan, Ghor Prov., 17 km E of Changcharan, 15 km S of Bandi-Ali, Gazak Mts, alt. 2400 m. E. Afghanistan, Bamian Prov., 10 km S of Bamian t., Hushkak v. vicinity, alt. 2700–2800 m. F. Afghanistan, Bamian Prov., Punjub Distr., 10 km NE of Varas v., alt. 2400 m. G. Central Afghanistan, Ghor Prov., 17 km E of Changcharan, 15 km S of Bandi-Ali, Gazak Mts, alt. 2400 m. H. Chitral Gol National Park, Chitral, Pakistan, alt. 2700 m. I. Chitral Gol National Park, Chitral, Pakistan, alt. 2700 m." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6839853" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6839853/files/figure.png" pageId="46" pageNumber="47">Figs 3H–I</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="FBD05EA3FFF9B30D977AFC40FB43FCB7" box="[1120,1169,962,988]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="47.[189,232,1750,1776]" captionTargetBox="[273,1315,270,1661]" captionTargetId="figure-11@47.[270,1317,265,1713]" captionTargetPageId="47" captionText="Fig.29.Differencesinthestructureofvalvaandaedeagusofthelutko speciesgroup.A.Melitaeashahvarica sp. nov. B, D, H. M. timandra binaludica subsp. nov. C–E. M. mimetica Higgins, 1940. F. M. lutko Evans, 1932. G. M. timandra timandra Coutsis &amp;van Oorschot, 2014. A. Iran, Semnan Prov., Shahrud area, S macroslope of Shahvar Mts, alt. 2200–2400 m. B. Iran, Rezavi Khorassan Prov., Kuh-e-Binalud Mts, Dorrud v. vicinity, alt. 2430 m. C. Afghanistan, Bamian Prov., Punjub Distr., 10 km NE of Varas v., alt. 2400 m. D. Afghanistan, Band-i-Amir, Hazarajat. E. Pakistan, Balochistan, Quetta, Urak, alt. 2400– 2700 m. F. Pakistan, Chitral, Gol National Park, alt. 2700 m. G. Turkmenistan, Sary-Yazy, alt. 700 m. H. Iran, Rezavi Khorassan Prov., Kuh-e-Binalud Mts, Dorrud v. vicinity, alt. 2430 m." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6839915" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6839915/files/figure.png" pageId="46" pageNumber="47">29F</figureCitation>
). UPH black basal suffusion is well developed and covers more than a third of the wing surface, UPH submarginal row is formed by interconnected black lunules (
<figureCitation id="FBD05EA3FFF9B30D900DFB88FCA7FB4F" box="[791,885,1034,1060]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="6.[190,233,1671,1697]" captionTargetBox="[192,1394,744,1633]" captionTargetId="figure-129@6.[189,1398,741,1634]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="Fig. 2. Adults of Melitaea lutko Evans, 1932 and M. timandra binaluduca subsp. nov. A–H. UPS. I–P. UNS. A, I. M. lutko, ♂, Chitral Gol National Park, Chitral, Pakistan, alt. 2700 m. B, J. M. timandra binaluduca subsp. nov., ♂, Iran, S Khorasan Prov., 35 km N Birjant t. C, K. M. timandra binaluduca subsp. nov., ♂, Central Afghanistan, Bamian Prov., Band-e-Amir, Dzhudoi-Kvak Gorge, alt. 3200 m. D, L. M. timandra binaluduca subsp. nov., ♂, Afghanistan, Bamian Prov., Band-e-Amir, alt. 3200 m. E, M. M. lutko, ♀, Chitral Gol National Park, Chitral, Pakistan, alt. 2700 m. F, N. M. timandra binaluduca subsp. nov., ♂, Iran, Mazandaran Prov., S macroslopes of Albors Mts, 80 km SE of Sari, 5 km NE Foulad Mahhaleh v., E slopes of Sultan Kuh Mt., alt. 2000 m. G, O. M. timandra binaluduca subsp. nov., ♀, Afghanistan, Bamian Prov., Band-e-Amir, alt. 3200 m. H, P. M. timandra binaluduca subsp. nov., ♀, Central Afghanistan, Bamian Prov., Band-e-Amir, Dzhudoi-Kvak Gorge, alt. 3200 m." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6839851" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6839851/files/figure.png" pageId="46" pageNumber="47">Fig. 2A</figureCitation>
).
<collectingCountry id="1BFC02B6FFF9B30D9093FB88FC23FB4F" box="[905,1009,1034,1060]" name="Pakistan" pageId="46" pageNumber="47">Pakistan</collectingCountry>
: Chitral, Birmoglasht, Malakand, Murree ...............................................................................................................
<taxonomicName id="A4EB39A5FFF9B30D976DFBACFAA5FB23" ID-CoL="3ZKB6" authority="Evans, 1932" authorityName="Evans" authorityYear="1932" box="[1143,1399,1069,1096]" class="Insecta" family="Nymphalidae" genus="Melitaea" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="46" pageNumber="47" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="lutko">
<emphasis id="519F9E34FFF9B30D976DFBACFB0CFB23" bold="true" box="[1143,1246,1069,1096]" italics="true" pageId="46" pageNumber="47">M. lutko</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="077A3FD7FFF9B30D97FFFBACFAA5FB23" author="Evans W. H." box="[1253,1399,1070,1096]" pageId="46" pageNumber="47" refId="ref29423" refString="Evans W. H. 1932. The Identification of Indian Butterflies. The Bombay Natural History Society, Diocesan Press, Madras." type="book" year="1932">Evans, 1932</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
</keyLead>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="63544226FFF9B30D93DBFBD0FAA5FBB3" blockId="46.[189,1399,854,1240]" pageId="46" pageNumber="47">
<keyLead id="D81AE113FFF9B30D93DBFBD0FAA5FBB3" pageId="46" pageNumber="47">
– The length of harpe is 3–4 times as great as width, there are small and rare teeth on the inner surface of harpe (
<figureCitation id="FBD05EA3FFF9B30D927BFBF4FE25FBFB" box="[353,503,1142,1168]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="27.[189,232,1853,1879]" captionTargetBox="[192,1398,690,1814]" captionTargetId="figure-132@27.[189,1398,684,1814]" captionTargetPageId="27" captionText="Fig. 18. Male genitalia and harpe. A–C. Melitaea shahvarica sp. nov. D–E. M. lutko Evans, 1932. F–I. M. mimetica Higgins, 1940. A–C. Iran, Semnan Prov., Shahrud area, S macroslope of Shahvar Mts, alt. 2200–2400 m. D–E. Pakistan, Chitral, Chaghbini, CGNP [Chitral Gol National Park], alt. 2700 m. F–G. Afghanistan, Bamian Prov., Punjub Distr., 10 km. NE Varas v., alt. 2400 m. H–I. Afghanistan, Bamian Prov., Panjub Distr., 10 km. NE Varas vil., alt. 2400 m." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6839891" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6839891/files/figure.png" pageId="46" pageNumber="47">Figs 18A–C</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="FBD05EA3FFF9B30D911DFBF4FDF5FBFB" box="[519,551,1142,1168]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="28.[189,232,1853,1879]" captionTargetBox="[192,1398,692,1812]" captionTargetId="figure-178@28.[189,1398,689,1813]" captionTargetPageId="28" captionText="Fig. 19. Male genitalia and harpe. A–C. Melitaea timandra timandra Coutsis &amp; van Oorschot, 2014. D–I. M. timandra binaludica subsp. nov. A–C. Turkmenistan, Sary-Yazy, alt. 300 m. D–F. Iran, Rezavi Khorassan Prov., Kuh-e-Binalud Mts, Dorrud v. vicinity, alt. 2430 m. G. Afghanistan, Bamian Prov., Band-e-Amir, alt. 3200 m. H. Afghanistan, Bamian Prov., Band-e-Amir, Dzhudoi-Kvak Gorge, alt. 3200 m. I. Afghanistan, Band-e-Amir, Hazarajat." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6839893" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6839893/files/figure.png" pageId="46" pageNumber="47">19</figureCitation>
). The caudal process is distally not strongly inwardly concave with a pointed apex (
<figureCitation id="FBD05EA3FFF9B30D9288FB18FE3CFBDF" box="[402,494,1178,1204]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="18.[189,232,1819,1845]" captionTargetBox="[216,1371,268,1778]" captionTargetId="figure-16@18.[214,1372,265,1781]" captionTargetPageId="18" captionText="Fig. 10. Male genitalia (a = valva; b = aedeagus). A–F. Melitaea timandra timandra Coutsis &amp; van Oorschot, 2014. G–O. M. timandra binaludica subsp. nov. A–C. S Turkmenistan, Sary-Yazy, alt. 300 m. D. Paratype, Turkmenistan, Badhyz Reserve, Kepeli. E–F. S Turkmenistan, Sary-Yazy, alt. 300 m. G–L. Iran, Rezavi Khorassan Prov., Kuh-e-Binalud Mts, Dorrud v. vicinity, alt. 2430 m. M. Central Afghanistan, Bamian Prov., Band-e-Amir, Dzhudoi-Kvak Gorge, alt. 3200 m. N. Bande-Amir, Hazarajat, Afghanistan. O. Afghanistan, Bamian Prov., Band-e-Amir, alt. 3200 m." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6839869" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6839869/files/figure.png" pageId="46" pageNumber="47">Figs 10</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="FBD05EA3FFF9B30D92E1FB18FDC9FBDF" box="[507,539,1178,1204]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="33.[189,232,1959,1985]" captionTargetBox="[190,1394,948,1916]" captionTargetId="figure-273@33.[189,1398,945,1920]" captionTargetPageId="33" captionText="Fig. 22. Male genitalia of Melitaea shahvarica sp. nov. (a = valva; b = aedeagus). Iran, Semnan Prov., Shahrud area, S macroslope of Shahvar Mts, alt. 2200–2400 m." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6839899" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6839899/files/figure.png" pageId="46" pageNumber="47">22</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="FBD05EA3FFF9B30D9132FB18FD3DFBDF" box="[552,751,1178,1204]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="47.[189,232,1750,1776]" captionTargetBox="[273,1315,270,1661]" captionTargetId="figure-11@47.[270,1317,265,1713]" captionTargetPageId="47" captionText="Fig.29.Differencesinthestructureofvalvaandaedeagusofthelutko speciesgroup.A.Melitaeashahvarica sp. nov. B, D, H. M. timandra binaludica subsp. nov. C–E. M. mimetica Higgins, 1940. F. M. lutko Evans, 1932. G. M. timandra timandra Coutsis &amp;van Oorschot, 2014. A. Iran, Semnan Prov., Shahrud area, S macroslope of Shahvar Mts, alt. 2200–2400 m. B. Iran, Rezavi Khorassan Prov., Kuh-e-Binalud Mts, Dorrud v. vicinity, alt. 2430 m. C. Afghanistan, Bamian Prov., Punjub Distr., 10 km NE of Varas v., alt. 2400 m. D. Afghanistan, Band-i-Amir, Hazarajat. E. Pakistan, Balochistan, Quetta, Urak, alt. 2400– 2700 m. F. Pakistan, Chitral, Gol National Park, alt. 2700 m. G. Turkmenistan, Sary-Yazy, alt. 700 m. H. Iran, Rezavi Khorassan Prov., Kuh-e-Binalud Mts, Dorrud v. vicinity, alt. 2430 m." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6839915" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6839915/files/figure.png" pageId="46" pageNumber="47">29A–B, D, G–H</figureCitation>
). UPH black basal suffusion covers less than a third of the wing surface (
<figureCitation id="FBD05EA3FFF9B30D92A6FB3CFD92FBB3" box="[444,576,1214,1240]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="6.[190,233,1671,1697]" captionTargetBox="[192,1394,744,1633]" captionTargetId="figure-129@6.[189,1398,741,1634]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="Fig. 2. Adults of Melitaea lutko Evans, 1932 and M. timandra binaluduca subsp. nov. A–H. UPS. I–P. UNS. A, I. M. lutko, ♂, Chitral Gol National Park, Chitral, Pakistan, alt. 2700 m. B, J. M. timandra binaluduca subsp. nov., ♂, Iran, S Khorasan Prov., 35 km N Birjant t. C, K. M. timandra binaluduca subsp. nov., ♂, Central Afghanistan, Bamian Prov., Band-e-Amir, Dzhudoi-Kvak Gorge, alt. 3200 m. D, L. M. timandra binaluduca subsp. nov., ♂, Afghanistan, Bamian Prov., Band-e-Amir, alt. 3200 m. E, M. M. lutko, ♀, Chitral Gol National Park, Chitral, Pakistan, alt. 2700 m. F, N. M. timandra binaluduca subsp. nov., ♂, Iran, Mazandaran Prov., S macroslopes of Albors Mts, 80 km SE of Sari, 5 km NE Foulad Mahhaleh v., E slopes of Sultan Kuh Mt., alt. 2000 m. G, O. M. timandra binaluduca subsp. nov., ♀, Afghanistan, Bamian Prov., Band-e-Amir, alt. 3200 m. H, P. M. timandra binaluduca subsp. nov., ♀, Central Afghanistan, Bamian Prov., Band-e-Amir, Dzhudoi-Kvak Gorge, alt. 3200 m." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6839851" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6839851/files/figure.png" pageId="46" pageNumber="47">Figs 2B–D</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="FBD05EA3FFF9B30D9157FB3CFD45FBB3" box="[589,663,1214,1240]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="17.[189,232,1918,1944]" captionTargetBox="[193,1394,951,1876]" captionTargetId="figure-265@17.[189,1398,948,1880]" captionTargetPageId="17" captionText="Fig. 9. Adults of Melitaea timandra timandra Coutsis &amp; van Oorschot, 2014. A–H. UPS. I–P. UNS. A–D. ♂, Turkmenistan, Sary-Yazy, alt. 300 m. E–H. ♀, Turkmenistan, Sary-Yazy, alt. 300 m. I–L. ♂, Turkmenistan, Sary-Yazy, alt. 300 m. M–P. ♀, Turkmenistan, Sary-Yazy, alt. 300 m." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6839867" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6839867/files/figure.png" pageId="46" pageNumber="47">9A–D</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="FBD05EA3FFF9B30D91B9FB3FFD2EFBB3" box="[675,764,1213,1240]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="24.[189,232,1891,1917]" captionTargetBox="[194,1395,1026,1847]" captionTargetId="figure-252@24.[189,1398,1022,1851]" captionTargetPageId="24" captionText="Fig. 15. Adults of Melitaea timandra binaludica subsp. nov. A–H. UPS. I–P. UNS. A, I. Holotype, ♂ (SDM). B–H, J–P. Paratypes (EDMSU). A–D, I–L. ♂, Iran, Rezavi Khorassan Prov., Kuh-e Binalud Mts, Dorrud v. vicinity, alt. 2430 m. E–H, M–P. ♀, same data as for preceding." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6839883" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6839883/files/figure.png" pageId="46" pageNumber="47">15A–D</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="FBD05EA3FFF9B30D9012FB3CFCB2FBB3" box="[776,864,1214,1240]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="32.[189,232,1751,1777]" captionTargetBox="[193,1393,813,1708]" captionTargetId="figure-190@32.[189,1398,810,1713]" captionTargetPageId="32" captionText="Fig. 21. Adults of Melitaea shahvarica sp. nov. A–H. UPS. I–P. UNS. A, I. Holotype, ♂ (SDM). B–H, J–P. Paratypes (EDMSU). A–C. ♂. Iran, Semnan Prov., Shahrud area, S macroslope of Shahvar Mt., alt. 2200–2400 m. D. ♂. Iran, Semnan Prov., Shahrud area, S macroslope of Shahvar Mt., Tohar v. vicinity, alt. 2200 m. E–H. ♀. Iran, Semnan Prov., Shahrud area, S macroslope of Shahvar Mt., alt. 2200– 2400 m. I–K. ♂. Iran, Semnan Prov., Shahrud area, S macroslope of Shahvar Mt., 2200–2400 m. L. ♂. Iran, Semnan Prov., Shahrud area, S macroslope of Shahvar Mts, Tohar v. vicinity, alt. 2200 m. M–P. ♀. Iran, Semnan Prov., Shahrud area, S macroslope of Shahvar Mt., alt. 2200–2400 m." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6839897" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6839897/files/figure.png" pageId="46" pageNumber="47">21A–D</figureCitation>
) ................................................................... 3
</keyLead>
</paragraph>
</keyStep>
<keyStep id="D81F5A83FFF9B30D93A7FA8DFAA5F8E6" pageId="46" pageNumber="47">
<paragraph id="63544226FFF9B30D93A7FA8DFAA5F921" blockId="46.[189,1401,1295,1934]" pageId="46" pageNumber="47">
<keyLead id="D81AE113FFF9B30D93A7FA8DFAA5F921" pageId="46" pageNumber="47">
3. Valva is sharply expanded in the central part, due to a well-marked protrusion of the ventral side, the length of valva is 1.5 times as great as width (
<figureCitation id="FBD05EA3FFF9B30D901DFAB1FCB1FA26" box="[775,867,1331,1357]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="33.[189,232,1959,1985]" captionTargetBox="[190,1394,948,1916]" captionTargetId="figure-273@33.[189,1398,945,1920]" captionTargetPageId="33" captionText="Fig. 22. Male genitalia of Melitaea shahvarica sp. nov. (a = valva; b = aedeagus). Iran, Semnan Prov., Shahrud area, S macroslope of Shahvar Mts, alt. 2200–2400 m." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6839899" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6839899/files/figure.png" pageId="46" pageNumber="47">Figs 22</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="FBD05EA3FFF9B30D9075FAB1FC75FA26" box="[879,935,1331,1357]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="47.[189,232,1750,1776]" captionTargetBox="[273,1315,270,1661]" captionTargetId="figure-11@47.[270,1317,265,1713]" captionTargetPageId="47" captionText="Fig.29.Differencesinthestructureofvalvaandaedeagusofthelutko speciesgroup.A.Melitaeashahvarica sp. nov. B, D, H. M. timandra binaludica subsp. nov. C–E. M. mimetica Higgins, 1940. F. M. lutko Evans, 1932. G. M. timandra timandra Coutsis &amp;van Oorschot, 2014. A. Iran, Semnan Prov., Shahrud area, S macroslope of Shahvar Mts, alt. 2200–2400 m. B. Iran, Rezavi Khorassan Prov., Kuh-e-Binalud Mts, Dorrud v. vicinity, alt. 2430 m. C. Afghanistan, Bamian Prov., Punjub Distr., 10 km NE of Varas v., alt. 2400 m. D. Afghanistan, Band-i-Amir, Hazarajat. E. Pakistan, Balochistan, Quetta, Urak, alt. 2400– 2700 m. F. Pakistan, Chitral, Gol National Park, alt. 2700 m. G. Turkmenistan, Sary-Yazy, alt. 700 m. H. Iran, Rezavi Khorassan Prov., Kuh-e-Binalud Mts, Dorrud v. vicinity, alt. 2430 m." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6839915" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6839915/files/figure.png" pageId="46" pageNumber="47">29A</figureCitation>
). The thin distal part of harpe is curved downwards, there are few teeth on its inner surface (
<figureCitation id="FBD05EA3FFF9B30D9041FAD5FC3FFA1A" box="[859,1005,1367,1393]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="27.[189,232,1853,1879]" captionTargetBox="[192,1398,690,1814]" captionTargetId="figure-132@27.[189,1398,684,1814]" captionTargetPageId="27" captionText="Fig. 18. Male genitalia and harpe. A–C. Melitaea shahvarica sp. nov. D–E. M. lutko Evans, 1932. F–I. M. mimetica Higgins, 1940. A–C. Iran, Semnan Prov., Shahrud area, S macroslope of Shahvar Mts, alt. 2200–2400 m. D–E. Pakistan, Chitral, Chaghbini, CGNP [Chitral Gol National Park], alt. 2700 m. F–G. Afghanistan, Bamian Prov., Punjub Distr., 10 km. NE Varas v., alt. 2400 m. H–I. Afghanistan, Bamian Prov., Panjub Distr., 10 km. NE Varas vil., alt. 2400 m." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6839891" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6839891/files/figure.png" pageId="46" pageNumber="47">Fig. 18A–C</figureCitation>
). The anterior and posterior parts of aedeagus are approximately on the same straight line, there is no protrusion at the junction of both parts of aedeagus on the ventral side (
<figureCitation id="FBD05EA3FFF9B30D91C6FA1DFC98FAD2" box="[732,842,1439,1465]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="47.[189,232,1750,1776]" captionTargetBox="[273,1315,270,1661]" captionTargetId="figure-11@47.[270,1317,265,1713]" captionTargetPageId="47" captionText="Fig.29.Differencesinthestructureofvalvaandaedeagusofthelutko speciesgroup.A.Melitaeashahvarica sp. nov. B, D, H. M. timandra binaludica subsp. nov. C–E. M. mimetica Higgins, 1940. F. M. lutko Evans, 1932. G. M. timandra timandra Coutsis &amp;van Oorschot, 2014. A. Iran, Semnan Prov., Shahrud area, S macroslope of Shahvar Mts, alt. 2200–2400 m. B. Iran, Rezavi Khorassan Prov., Kuh-e-Binalud Mts, Dorrud v. vicinity, alt. 2430 m. C. Afghanistan, Bamian Prov., Punjub Distr., 10 km NE of Varas v., alt. 2400 m. D. Afghanistan, Band-i-Amir, Hazarajat. E. Pakistan, Balochistan, Quetta, Urak, alt. 2400– 2700 m. F. Pakistan, Chitral, Gol National Park, alt. 2700 m. G. Turkmenistan, Sary-Yazy, alt. 700 m. H. Iran, Rezavi Khorassan Prov., Kuh-e-Binalud Mts, Dorrud v. vicinity, alt. 2430 m." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6839915" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6839915/files/figure.png" pageId="46" pageNumber="47">Fig. 29A</figureCitation>
). UPH submarginal row is often reduced. There is UPF black macule located between veins Sc and R5 and formed by the fused submarginal and postdiscal costal dots centered with orange or pale spot. UPH discal macules are either absent or expressed only as a row of dots between the veins A2–M3 (
<figureCitation id="FBD05EA3FFF9B30D90BDF989FBEBF94E" box="[935,1081,1547,1573]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="32.[189,232,1751,1777]" captionTargetBox="[193,1393,813,1708]" captionTargetId="figure-190@32.[189,1398,810,1713]" captionTargetPageId="32" captionText="Fig. 21. Adults of Melitaea shahvarica sp. nov. A–H. UPS. I–P. UNS. A, I. Holotype, ♂ (SDM). B–H, J–P. Paratypes (EDMSU). A–C. ♂. Iran, Semnan Prov., Shahrud area, S macroslope of Shahvar Mt., alt. 2200–2400 m. D. ♂. Iran, Semnan Prov., Shahrud area, S macroslope of Shahvar Mt., Tohar v. vicinity, alt. 2200 m. E–H. ♀. Iran, Semnan Prov., Shahrud area, S macroslope of Shahvar Mt., alt. 2200– 2400 m. I–K. ♂. Iran, Semnan Prov., Shahrud area, S macroslope of Shahvar Mt., 2200–2400 m. L. ♂. Iran, Semnan Prov., Shahrud area, S macroslope of Shahvar Mts, Tohar v. vicinity, alt. 2200 m. M–P. ♀. Iran, Semnan Prov., Shahrud area, S macroslope of Shahvar Mt., alt. 2200–2400 m." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6839897" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6839897/files/figure.png" pageId="46" pageNumber="47">Fig. 21A–D</figureCitation>
).
<collectingCountry id="1BFC02B6FFF9B30D9757F98EFB53F94D" box="[1101,1153,1548,1574]" name="Iran" pageId="46" pageNumber="47">Iran</collectingCountry>
: East
<collectingRegion id="A12F8CC4FFF9B30D97DFF989FAC1F94E" box="[1221,1299,1547,1573]" country="Iran" name="Alborz" pageId="46" pageNumber="47">Elburz</collectingRegion>
........... ........................................................................................................................
<taxonomicName id="A4EB39A5FFF9B30D977DF9ADFAC7F922" authority="Kolesnichenko &amp; Kotlobay, 2022" authorityName="Kolesnichenko &amp; Kotlobay" authorityYear="2022" box="[1127,1301,1582,1609]" class="Insecta" family="Nymphalidae" genus="Melitaea" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="46" pageNumber="47" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="shahvarica" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="519F9E34FFF9B30D977DF9ADFAC7F922" bold="true" box="[1127,1301,1582,1609]" italics="true" pageId="46" pageNumber="47">M. shahvarica</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="4AAC234FFFF9B30D9606F9B2FAA5F921" box="[1308,1399,1584,1610]" pageId="46" pageNumber="47" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</keyLead>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="63544226FFF9B30D93DBF9D6FAA5F8E6" blockId="46.[189,1401,1295,1934]" pageId="46" pageNumber="47">
<keyLead id="D81AE113FFF9B30D93DBF9D6FAA5F8E6" pageId="46" pageNumber="47">
– Valva is elongated, its length is 2 times as great as width, the ventral protrusion of the valva is smoothed (
<figureCitation id="FBD05EA3FFF9B30D9275F9F5FE1AF9FA" box="[367,456,1655,1681]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="18.[189,232,1819,1845]" captionTargetBox="[216,1371,268,1778]" captionTargetId="figure-16@18.[214,1372,265,1781]" captionTargetPageId="18" captionText="Fig. 10. Male genitalia (a = valva; b = aedeagus). A–F. Melitaea timandra timandra Coutsis &amp; van Oorschot, 2014. G–O. M. timandra binaludica subsp. nov. A–C. S Turkmenistan, Sary-Yazy, alt. 300 m. D. Paratype, Turkmenistan, Badhyz Reserve, Kepeli. E–F. S Turkmenistan, Sary-Yazy, alt. 300 m. G–L. Iran, Rezavi Khorassan Prov., Kuh-e-Binalud Mts, Dorrud v. vicinity, alt. 2430 m. M. Central Afghanistan, Bamian Prov., Band-e-Amir, Dzhudoi-Kvak Gorge, alt. 3200 m. N. Bande-Amir, Hazarajat, Afghanistan. O. Afghanistan, Bamian Prov., Band-e-Amir, alt. 3200 m." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6839869" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6839869/files/figure.png" pageId="46" pageNumber="47">Fig. 10</figureCitation>
). Harpe is noticeably thickened in the central part due to the presence of teeth on the inner surface (
<figureCitation id="FBD05EA3FFF9B30D92F7F919FD94F9DE" box="[493,582,1691,1717]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="28.[189,232,1853,1879]" captionTargetBox="[192,1398,692,1812]" captionTargetId="figure-178@28.[189,1398,689,1813]" captionTargetPageId="28" captionText="Fig. 19. Male genitalia and harpe. A–C. Melitaea timandra timandra Coutsis &amp; van Oorschot, 2014. D–I. M. timandra binaludica subsp. nov. A–C. Turkmenistan, Sary-Yazy, alt. 300 m. D–F. Iran, Rezavi Khorassan Prov., Kuh-e-Binalud Mts, Dorrud v. vicinity, alt. 2430 m. G. Afghanistan, Bamian Prov., Band-e-Amir, alt. 3200 m. H. Afghanistan, Bamian Prov., Band-e-Amir, Dzhudoi-Kvak Gorge, alt. 3200 m. I. Afghanistan, Band-e-Amir, Hazarajat." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6839893" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6839893/files/figure.png" pageId="46" pageNumber="47">Fig. 19</figureCitation>
). The posterior part of aedeagus is mostly located at an angle to the anterior one and is directed downward, at the junction of both parts of aedeagus on the ventral side there is a well-marked protrusion (
<figureCitation id="FBD05EA3FFF9B30D919CF961FD30F996" box="[646,738,1763,1789]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="18.[189,232,1819,1845]" captionTargetBox="[216,1371,268,1778]" captionTargetId="figure-16@18.[214,1372,265,1781]" captionTargetPageId="18" captionText="Fig. 10. Male genitalia (a = valva; b = aedeagus). A–F. Melitaea timandra timandra Coutsis &amp; van Oorschot, 2014. G–O. M. timandra binaludica subsp. nov. A–C. S Turkmenistan, Sary-Yazy, alt. 300 m. D. Paratype, Turkmenistan, Badhyz Reserve, Kepeli. E–F. S Turkmenistan, Sary-Yazy, alt. 300 m. G–L. Iran, Rezavi Khorassan Prov., Kuh-e-Binalud Mts, Dorrud v. vicinity, alt. 2430 m. M. Central Afghanistan, Bamian Prov., Band-e-Amir, Dzhudoi-Kvak Gorge, alt. 3200 m. N. Bande-Amir, Hazarajat, Afghanistan. O. Afghanistan, Bamian Prov., Band-e-Amir, alt. 3200 m." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6839869" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6839869/files/figure.png" pageId="46" pageNumber="47">Figs 10</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="FBD05EA3FFF9B30D91F5F961FCF6F996" box="[751,804,1763,1789]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="47.[189,232,1750,1776]" captionTargetBox="[273,1315,270,1661]" captionTargetId="figure-11@47.[270,1317,265,1713]" captionTargetPageId="47" captionText="Fig.29.Differencesinthestructureofvalvaandaedeagusofthelutko speciesgroup.A.Melitaeashahvarica sp. nov. B, D, H. M. timandra binaludica subsp. nov. C–E. M. mimetica Higgins, 1940. F. M. lutko Evans, 1932. G. M. timandra timandra Coutsis &amp;van Oorschot, 2014. A. Iran, Semnan Prov., Shahrud area, S macroslope of Shahvar Mts, alt. 2200–2400 m. B. Iran, Rezavi Khorassan Prov., Kuh-e-Binalud Mts, Dorrud v. vicinity, alt. 2430 m. C. Afghanistan, Bamian Prov., Punjub Distr., 10 km NE of Varas v., alt. 2400 m. D. Afghanistan, Band-i-Amir, Hazarajat. E. Pakistan, Balochistan, Quetta, Urak, alt. 2400– 2700 m. F. Pakistan, Chitral, Gol National Park, alt. 2700 m. G. Turkmenistan, Sary-Yazy, alt. 700 m. H. Iran, Rezavi Khorassan Prov., Kuh-e-Binalud Mts, Dorrud v. vicinity, alt. 2430 m." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6839915" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6839915/files/figure.png" pageId="46" pageNumber="47">29B</figureCitation>
). UPH submarginal row is well defined (with rare exceptions) (
<figureCitation id="FBD05EA3FFF9B30D929CF885FDCEF849" box="[390,540,1799,1826]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="24.[189,232,1891,1917]" captionTargetBox="[194,1395,1026,1847]" captionTargetId="figure-252@24.[189,1398,1022,1851]" captionTargetPageId="24" captionText="Fig. 15. Adults of Melitaea timandra binaludica subsp. nov. A–H. UPS. I–P. UNS. A, I. Holotype, ♂ (SDM). B–H, J–P. Paratypes (EDMSU). A–D, I–L. ♂, Iran, Rezavi Khorassan Prov., Kuh-e Binalud Mts, Dorrud v. vicinity, alt. 2430 m. E–H, M–P. ♀, same data as for preceding." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6839883" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6839883/files/figure.png" pageId="46" pageNumber="47">Fig. 15A–D</figureCitation>
). UPF black macule located between veins Sc and R5 and formed by the fused submarginal and postdiscal costal dots is absent. UPH discal row is well defined (
<taxonomicName id="A4EB39A5FFF9B30D9653F8A9FEB5F802" authority="Kolesnichenko &amp; Kotlobay, 2022" authorityName="Kolesnichenko &amp; Kotlobay" authorityYear="2022" class="Insecta" family="Nymphalidae" genus="Melitaea" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="46" pageNumber="47" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subSpecies" species="timandra" status="subsp. nov." subSpecies="binaludica">
ssp.
<emphasis id="519F9E34FFF9B30D93F0F8CDFEB5F802" box="[234,359,1871,1897]" italics="true" pageId="46" pageNumber="47">binaludica</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="4AAC234FFFF9B30D9275F8CDFE26F802" box="[367,500,1871,1897]" pageId="46" pageNumber="47" rank="subSpecies">subsp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
) or absent (
<taxonomicName id="A4EB39A5FFF9B30D9164F8CDFCCDF802" authorityName="Coutsis &amp; van Oorschot" authorityYear="2014" box="[638,799,1871,1897]" class="Insecta" family="Nymphalidae" genus="Melitaea" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="46" pageNumber="47" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subSpecies" species="timandra" subSpecies="timandra">
ssp.
<emphasis id="519F9E34FFF9B30D91A9F8CDFCCDF802" box="[691,799,1871,1897]" italics="true" pageId="46" pageNumber="47">timandra</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
).
<collectingCountry id="1BFC02B6FFF9B30D902DF8D2FCBBF801" box="[823,873,1872,1898]" name="Iran" pageId="46" pageNumber="47">Iran</collectingCountry>
,
<collectingCountry id="1BFC02B6FFF9B30D906EF8CDFBCBF802" box="[884,1049,1871,1897]" name="Turkmenistan" pageId="46" pageNumber="47">Turkmenistan</collectingCountry>
,
<collectingCountry id="1BFC02B6FFF9B30D9739F8CDFB60F802" box="[1059,1202,1871,1897]" name="Afghanistan" pageId="46" pageNumber="47">Afghanistan</collectingCountry>
........................ .......................................................................................
<taxonomicName id="A4EB39A5FFF9B30D9069F8F1FAA5F8E6" authority="Coutsis &amp; van Oorschot, 2014" authorityName="Coutsis &amp; van Oorschot" authorityYear="2014" box="[883,1399,1906,1934]" class="Insecta" family="Nymphalidae" genus="Melitaea" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="46" pageNumber="47" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="timandra">
<emphasis id="519F9E34FFF9B30D9069F8F1FBD9F8E6" bold="true" box="[883,1035,1906,1933]" italics="true" pageId="46" pageNumber="47">M. timandra</emphasis>
Coutsis &amp;
<bibRefCitation id="077A3FD7FFF9B30D978AF8F6FAA5F8E6" author="Van Oorschot H. &amp; Coutsis J. G." box="[1168,1399,1907,1934]" pageId="46" pageNumber="47" refId="ref31081" refString="Van Oorschot H. &amp; Coutsis J. G. 2014. The Genus Melitaea Fabricius, 1807 (Lepidoptera, Nymphalidae, Nymphalinae). Taxonomy and Systematics with Special Reference to the Male Genitalia. Tshikolovets publication, Pardubice." type="book" year="2014">van Oorschot, 2014</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
</keyLead>
</paragraph>
</keyStep>
</key>
</subSubSection>
<caption id="379412AEFFF8B30C93A7F954FB74F88C" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6839915" ID-Zenodo-Dep="6839915" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6839915/files/figure.png" pageId="47" pageNumber="48" startId="47.[189,232,1750,1776]" targetBox="[273,1315,270,1661]" targetPageId="47">
<paragraph id="63544226FFF8B30C93A7F954FB74F88C" blockId="47.[184,1399,1750,2023]" pageId="47" pageNumber="48">
<emphasis id="519F9E34FFF8B30C93A7F954FEC1F99B" bold="true" box="[189,275,1750,1776]" pageId="47" pageNumber="48">Fig.29.</emphasis>
Differences in the structure of valva and aedeagus of the
<taxonomicName id="A4EB39A5FFF8B30C9098F954FC6FF99B" authorityName="Evans" authorityYear="1932" box="[898,957,1750,1776]" class="Insecta" family="Nymphalidae" genus="Melitaea" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="47" pageNumber="48" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="lutko">
<emphasis id="519F9E34FFF8B30C9098F954FC6FF99B" box="[898,957,1750,1776]" italics="true" pageId="47" pageNumber="48">lutko</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
species group.
<emphasis id="519F9E34FFF8B30C977FF954FBA8F99B" bold="true" box="[1125,1146,1750,1776]" pageId="47" pageNumber="48">A</emphasis>
.
<taxonomicName id="A4EB39A5FFF8B30C9793F954FAA4F99B" authority="Kolesnichenko &amp; Kotlobay, 2022" authorityName="Kolesnichenko &amp; Kotlobay" authorityYear="2022" box="[1161,1398,1750,1776]" class="Insecta" family="Nymphalidae" genus="Melitaea" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="47" pageNumber="48" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="shahvarica" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="519F9E34FFF8B30C9793F954FAA4F99B" box="[1161,1398,1750,1776]" italics="true" pageId="47" pageNumber="48">Melitaea shahvarica</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="4AAC234FFFF8B30C93A2F978FEC4F87F" box="[184,278,1786,1812]" pageId="47" pageNumber="48" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
<emphasis id="519F9E34FFF8B30C923EF978FE54F87F" bold="true" box="[292,390,1786,1812]" pageId="47" pageNumber="48">B, D, H</emphasis>
.
<taxonomicName id="A4EB39A5FFF8B30C928DF978FD61F878" authority="Kolesnichenko &amp; Kotlobay, 2022" authorityName="Kolesnichenko &amp; Kotlobay" authorityYear="2022" box="[407,691,1785,1811]" class="Insecta" family="Nymphalidae" genus="Melitaea" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="47" pageNumber="48" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subSpecies" species="timandra" status="subsp. nov." subSpecies="binaludica">
<emphasis id="519F9E34FFF8B30C928DF978FD61F878" box="[407,691,1785,1811]" italics="true" pageId="47" pageNumber="48">M. timandra binaludica</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="4AAC234FFFF8B30C91A4F97BFC96F87F" box="[702,836,1785,1812]" pageId="47" pageNumber="48" rank="subSpecies">subsp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
<emphasis id="519F9E34FFF8B30C9057F97BFC57F878" bold="true" box="[845,901,1785,1811]" pageId="47" pageNumber="48">C–E</emphasis>
.
<taxonomicName id="A4EB39A5FFF8B30C908CF978FB33F87F" authority="Higgins, 1940" authorityName="Higgins" authorityYear="1940" baseAuthorityName="Higgins" baseAuthorityYear="1940" box="[918,1249,1785,1812]" class="Insecta" family="Nymphalidae" genus="Melitaea" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="47" pageNumber="48" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="mimetica">
<emphasis id="519F9E34FFF8B30C908CF978FBF9F878" box="[918,1067,1786,1811]" italics="true" pageId="47" pageNumber="48">M. mimetica</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="077A3FD7FFF8B30C972FF97BFB33F87F" author="Higgins L. G." box="[1077,1249,1785,1812]" pageId="47" pageNumber="48" pagination="51 - 53" refId="ref29676" refString="Higgins L. G. 1940. A new species and two new subspecies of Melitaea (Lep. Nymphalidae). The Entomologist 73: 51 - 53." type="journal article" year="1940">Higgins, 1940</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
.
<emphasis id="519F9E34FFF8B30C97F5F978FAD3F87F" bold="true" box="[1263,1281,1786,1812]" pageId="47" pageNumber="48">F</emphasis>
.
<taxonomicName id="A4EB39A5FFF8B30C9608F978FE80F85C" authority="Evans, 1932" authorityName="Evans" authorityYear="1932" class="Insecta" family="Nymphalidae" genus="Melitaea" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="47" pageNumber="48" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="lutko">
<emphasis id="519F9E34FFF8B30C9608F978FAA5F878" box="[1298,1399,1785,1811]" italics="true" pageId="47" pageNumber="48">M. lutko</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="077A3FD7FFF8B30C93A7F89FFE80F85C" author="Evans W. H." box="[189,338,1821,1847]" pageId="47" pageNumber="48" refId="ref29423" refString="Evans W. H. 1932. The Identification of Indian Butterflies. The Bombay Natural History Society, Diocesan Press, Madras." type="book" year="1932">Evans, 1932</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
.
<emphasis id="519F9E34FFF8B30C9244F89EFEA6F85D" bold="true" box="[350,372,1820,1846]" pageId="47" pageNumber="48">G</emphasis>
.
<taxonomicName id="A4EB39A5FFF8B30C929EF89CFC26F85C" authority="Coutsis &amp; van Oorschot, 2014" authorityName="Coutsis &amp; van Oorschot" authorityYear="2014" box="[388,1012,1821,1847]" class="Insecta" family="Nymphalidae" genus="Melitaea" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="47" pageNumber="48" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subSpecies" species="timandra" subSpecies="timandra">
<emphasis id="519F9E34FFF8B30C929EF89CFD59F85C" box="[388,651,1821,1847]" italics="true" pageId="47" pageNumber="48">M. timandra timandra</emphasis>
Coutsis &amp;
<bibRefCitation id="077A3FD7FFF8B30C9013F89FFC26F85C" author="Van Oorschot H. &amp; Coutsis J. G." box="[777,1012,1821,1847]" pageId="47" pageNumber="48" refId="ref31081" refString="Van Oorschot H. &amp; Coutsis J. G. 2014. The Genus Melitaea Fabricius, 1807 (Lepidoptera, Nymphalidae, Nymphalinae). Taxonomy and Systematics with Special Reference to the Male Genitalia. Tshikolovets publication, Pardubice." type="book" year="2014">van Oorschot, 2014</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
.
<emphasis id="519F9E34FFF8B30C971AF89EFBC7F85D" bold="true" box="[1024,1045,1820,1846]" pageId="47" pageNumber="48">A</emphasis>
. Iran, Semnan Prov., Shahrud area, S macroslope of Shahvar Mts, alt. 2200–2400 m.
<emphasis id="519F9E34FFF8B30C905AF8C2FC86F831" bold="true" box="[832,852,1856,1882]" pageId="47" pageNumber="48">B</emphasis>
. Iran, Rezavi Khorassan Prov., Kuh-e-Binalud Mts, Dorrud
<taxonomicName id="A4EB39A5FFF8B30C9249F8E6FE1BF816" box="[339,457,1891,1918]" pageId="47" pageNumber="48" rank="variety" variety="vicinity">v. vicinity</taxonomicName>
, alt. 2430 m.
<emphasis id="519F9E34FFF8B30C917EF8E1FDABF816" bold="true" box="[612,633,1891,1917]" pageId="47" pageNumber="48">C</emphasis>
. Afghanistan, Bamian Prov., Punjub Distr., 10 km NE of Varas v., alt. 2400 m.
<emphasis id="519F9E34FFF8B30C9254F804FEB1F8CB" bold="true" box="[334,355,1926,1952]" pageId="47" pageNumber="48">D</emphasis>
. Afghanistan, Band-i-Amir, Hazarajat.
<emphasis id="519F9E34FFF8B30C902BF804FC97F8CB" bold="true" box="[817,837,1926,1952]" pageId="47" pageNumber="48">E</emphasis>
. Pakistan, Balochistan, Quetta, Urak, alt. 2400– 2700 m.
<emphasis id="519F9E34FFF8B30C923DF828FEEAF8AF" bold="true" box="[295,312,1962,1988]" pageId="47" pageNumber="48">F</emphasis>
. Pakistan, Chitral, Gol National Park, alt. 2700 m.
<emphasis id="519F9E34FFF8B30C9082F82BFC7CF8A8" bold="true" box="[920,942,1961,1987]" pageId="47" pageNumber="48">G</emphasis>
. Turkmenistan, Sary-Yazy, alt. 700 m.
<emphasis id="519F9E34FFF8B30C93A4F84FFF06F88C" bold="true" box="[190,212,1997,2023]" pageId="47" pageNumber="48">H</emphasis>
. Iran, Rezavi Khorassan Prov., Kuh-e-Binalud Mts, Dorrud
<taxonomicName id="A4EB39A5FFF8B30C908DF84FFBDCF88C" box="[919,1038,1997,2023]" pageId="47" pageNumber="48" rank="variety" variety="vicinity">v. vicinity</taxonomicName>
, alt. 2430 m.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<subSubSection id="2BF111ADFFE7B31393A7FE8BFBACFE49" box="[189,1150,264,291]" pageId="48" pageNumber="49" type="discussion">
<paragraph id="63544226FFE7B31393A7FE8BFBACFE49" blockId="48.[189,1150,264,291]" box="[189,1150,264,291]" pageId="48" pageNumber="49">
<heading id="381CF54AFFE7B31393A7FE8BFBACFE49" bold="true" box="[189,1150,264,291]" fontSize="11" level="3" pageId="48" pageNumber="49" reason="3">
<emphasis id="519F9E34FFE7B31393A7FE8BFBACFE49" bold="true" box="[189,1150,264,291]" pageId="48" pageNumber="49">
Key for determining the representatives of the
<taxonomicName id="A4EB39A5FFE7B313901FFE8AFC91FE48" authorityName="Evans" authorityYear="1932" box="[773,835,264,291]" class="Insecta" family="Nymphalidae" genus="Melitaea" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="48" pageNumber="49" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="lutko">
<emphasis id="519F9E34FFE7B313901FFE8AFC91FE48" bold="true" box="[773,835,264,291]" italics="true" pageId="48" pageNumber="49">lutko</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
species group by females
</emphasis>
</heading>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="2BF111ADFFE7B31393A7FEB5FAA5FC8F" pageId="48" pageNumber="49" type="key">
<key id="177A1517FFE7B31393A7FEB5FAA5FC8F" pageId="48" pageNumber="49">
<keyStep id="D81F5A83FFE7B31393A7FEB5FAA5FEF3" pageId="48" pageNumber="49">
<paragraph id="63544226FFE7B31393A7FEB5FAA5FE1F" blockId="48.[189,1399,311,408]" pageId="48" pageNumber="49">
<keyLead id="D81AE113FFE7B31393A7FEB5FAA5FE1F" pageId="48" pageNumber="49">
1. Postvaginal plate is triangular-shaped with wide lateral edges and narrowed distally (
<figureCitation id="FBD05EA3FFE7B31397E2FEB5FAA0FE3A" box="[1272,1394,311,337]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="8.[189,232,1789,1815]" captionTargetBox="[195,1390,272,1732]" captionTargetId="figure-17@8.[189,1398,266,1738]" captionTargetPageId="8" captionText="Fig. 4. Female genitalia (without the anal papillae, copulatory bursa, and anterior and posterior apophyses). A–D. M. shahvarica sp. nov., Iran, Semnan Prov., Shahrud area, S macroslope of Shahvar Mts, alt. 2200–2400 m. E. M. lutko Evans, 1932, Chitral Gol National Park, Chitral, Pakistan, alt. 2700 m. F–I. M. mimetica Higgins, 1940. F. Pakistan, Balochistan, Quetta, Urak, alt. 2400– 2700 m. G–H. Afghanistan, Bamian Prov., Punjub Distr., 10 km NE of Varas v., alt. 2400 m. I. Central Afghanistan, Ghor Prov., 17 km E of Changcharan, 15 km S of Bandi-Ali, Gazak Mts, alt. 2400 m." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6839857" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6839857/files/figure.png" pageId="48" pageNumber="49">Figs 4F–I</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="FBD05EA3FFE7B31393F0FED8FED5FE1F" box="[234,263,346,372]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="19.[189,232,1732,1758]" captionTargetBox="[192,1393,270,1668]" captionTargetId="figure-11@19.[189,1398,265,1675]" captionTargetPageId="19" captionText="Fig. 11. Female genitalia (without the anal papillae, copulatory bursa, and anterior and posterior apophyses). A–C. Melitaea timandra timandra Coutsis &amp; van Oorschot, 2014, S Turkmenistan, Sary- Yazy, alt. 300 m. D–I. M. timandra binaludica subsp. nov. D–F. Iran, Rezavi Khorassan Prov., Kuh-e- Binalud Mts, Dorrud v. vicinity, alt. 2430 m. G–H. Iran, Mazandaran Prov., S macroslopes of Albors Mts, 80 km SE of Sari, 5 km NE of Foulad Mahhaleh v., E slopes of Sultan Kuh Mt., alt. 2000 m. I. Afghanistan, Bamian Prov., Band-e-Amir, alt. 3200 m." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6839871" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6839871/files/figure.png" pageId="48" pageNumber="49">11</figureCitation>
) ..................................................................................................................................................... 3
</keyLead>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="63544226FFE7B31393DBFEFCFAA5FEF3" blockId="48.[189,1399,311,408]" box="[193,1399,381,408]" pageId="48" pageNumber="49">
<keyLead id="D81AE113FFE7B31393DBFEFCFAA5FEF3" box="[193,1399,381,408]" pageId="48" pageNumber="49">
– Postvaginal plate is oval or broadly oval (
<figureCitation id="FBD05EA3FFE7B31391C9FEFFFC82FEF3" box="[723,848,381,408]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="8.[189,232,1789,1815]" captionTargetBox="[195,1390,272,1732]" captionTargetId="figure-17@8.[189,1398,266,1738]" captionTargetPageId="8" captionText="Fig. 4. Female genitalia (without the anal papillae, copulatory bursa, and anterior and posterior apophyses). A–D. M. shahvarica sp. nov., Iran, Semnan Prov., Shahrud area, S macroslope of Shahvar Mts, alt. 2200–2400 m. E. M. lutko Evans, 1932, Chitral Gol National Park, Chitral, Pakistan, alt. 2700 m. F–I. M. mimetica Higgins, 1940. F. Pakistan, Balochistan, Quetta, Urak, alt. 2400– 2700 m. G–H. Afghanistan, Bamian Prov., Punjub Distr., 10 km NE of Varas v., alt. 2400 m. I. Central Afghanistan, Ghor Prov., 17 km E of Changcharan, 15 km S of Bandi-Ali, Gazak Mts, alt. 2400 m." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6839857" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6839857/files/figure.png" pageId="48" pageNumber="49">Fig. 4A–E</figureCitation>
) ...................................................................... 2
</keyLead>
</paragraph>
</keyStep>
<keyStep id="D81F5A83FFE7B31393A7FE3DFAA5FDC6" pageId="48" pageNumber="49">
<paragraph id="63544226FFE7B31393A7FE3DFAA5FD28" blockId="48.[189,1399,447,685]" pageId="48" pageNumber="49">
<keyLead id="D81AE113FFE7B31393A7FE3DFAA5FD28" pageId="48" pageNumber="49">
2. UPS black pattern is expanded and well developed: UPH basal suffusion covers at least a third of the wing surface, UPF postdiscal row, as well as UPH discal and submarginal rows are well developed along the entire length of the wings (
<figureCitation id="FBD05EA3FFE7B3139002FD87FCA6FD74" box="[792,884,517,543]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="6.[190,233,1671,1697]" captionTargetBox="[192,1394,744,1633]" captionTargetId="figure-129@6.[189,1398,741,1634]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="Fig. 2. Adults of Melitaea lutko Evans, 1932 and M. timandra binaluduca subsp. nov. A–H. UPS. I–P. UNS. A, I. M. lutko, ♂, Chitral Gol National Park, Chitral, Pakistan, alt. 2700 m. B, J. M. timandra binaluduca subsp. nov., ♂, Iran, S Khorasan Prov., 35 km N Birjant t. C, K. M. timandra binaluduca subsp. nov., ♂, Central Afghanistan, Bamian Prov., Band-e-Amir, Dzhudoi-Kvak Gorge, alt. 3200 m. D, L. M. timandra binaluduca subsp. nov., ♂, Afghanistan, Bamian Prov., Band-e-Amir, alt. 3200 m. E, M. M. lutko, ♀, Chitral Gol National Park, Chitral, Pakistan, alt. 2700 m. F, N. M. timandra binaluduca subsp. nov., ♂, Iran, Mazandaran Prov., S macroslopes of Albors Mts, 80 km SE of Sari, 5 km NE Foulad Mahhaleh v., E slopes of Sultan Kuh Mt., alt. 2000 m. G, O. M. timandra binaluduca subsp. nov., ♀, Afghanistan, Bamian Prov., Band-e-Amir, alt. 3200 m. H, P. M. timandra binaluduca subsp. nov., ♀, Central Afghanistan, Bamian Prov., Band-e-Amir, Dzhudoi-Kvak Gorge, alt. 3200 m." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6839851" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6839851/files/figure.png" pageId="48" pageNumber="49">Fig. 2E</figureCitation>
).
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: Chitral, Birmoglasht, Malakand, Murree ..............................................................................................................
<taxonomicName id="A4EB39A5FFE7B313976DFDABFAA5FD28" ID-CoL="3ZKB6" authority="Evans, 1932" authorityName="Evans" authorityYear="1932" box="[1143,1399,552,579]" class="Insecta" family="Nymphalidae" genus="Melitaea" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="48" pageNumber="49" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="lutko">
<emphasis id="519F9E34FFE7B313976DFDABFB0CFD28" bold="true" box="[1143,1246,552,579]" italics="true" pageId="48" pageNumber="49">M. lutko</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="077A3FD7FFE7B31397FFFDABFAA5FD28" author="Evans W. H." box="[1253,1399,553,579]" pageId="48" pageNumber="49" refId="ref29423" refString="Evans W. H. 1932. The Identification of Indian Butterflies. The Bombay Natural History Society, Diocesan Press, Madras." type="book" year="1932">Evans, 1932</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
</keyLead>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="63544226FFE7B31393DBFDCEFAA5FDC6" blockId="48.[189,1399,447,685]" pageId="48" pageNumber="49">
<keyLead id="D81AE113FFE7B31393DBFDCEFAA5FDC6" pageId="48" pageNumber="49">
– UPS black pattern is reduced: UPH basal suffusion covers noticeably less than a quarter of the wing surface, UPF postdiscal row is represented by 1–2 dots at the costal edge, UPH discal and submarginal row are reduced or partly reduced (
<figureCitation id="FBD05EA3FFE7B313919EFD10FCC1FDC7" box="[644,787,658,684]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="32.[189,232,1751,1777]" captionTargetBox="[193,1393,813,1708]" captionTargetId="figure-190@32.[189,1398,810,1713]" captionTargetPageId="32" captionText="Fig. 21. Adults of Melitaea shahvarica sp. nov. A–H. UPS. I–P. UNS. A, I. Holotype, ♂ (SDM). B–H, J–P. Paratypes (EDMSU). A–C. ♂. Iran, Semnan Prov., Shahrud area, S macroslope of Shahvar Mt., alt. 2200–2400 m. D. ♂. Iran, Semnan Prov., Shahrud area, S macroslope of Shahvar Mt., Tohar v. vicinity, alt. 2200 m. E–H. ♀. Iran, Semnan Prov., Shahrud area, S macroslope of Shahvar Mt., alt. 2200– 2400 m. I–K. ♂. Iran, Semnan Prov., Shahrud area, S macroslope of Shahvar Mt., 2200–2400 m. L. ♂. Iran, Semnan Prov., Shahrud area, S macroslope of Shahvar Mts, Tohar v. vicinity, alt. 2200 m. M–P. ♀. Iran, Semnan Prov., Shahrud area, S macroslope of Shahvar Mt., alt. 2200–2400 m." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6839897" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6839897/files/figure.png" pageId="48" pageNumber="49">Fig. 21E–H</figureCitation>
).
<collectingCountry id="1BFC02B6FFE7B313903DFD11FC89FDC6" box="[807,859,659,685]" name="Iran" pageId="48" pageNumber="49">Iran</collectingCountry>
: East
<collectingRegion id="A12F8CC4FFE7B3139085FD10FC3FFDC7" box="[927,1005,658,684]" country="Iran" name="Alborz" pageId="48" pageNumber="49">Elburz</collectingRegion>
..............
<taxonomicName id="A4EB39A5FFE7B313977DFD10FAC7FDC6" authority="Kolesnichenko &amp; Kotlobay, 2022" authorityName="Kolesnichenko &amp; Kotlobay" authorityYear="2022" box="[1127,1301,658,685]" class="Insecta" family="Nymphalidae" genus="Melitaea" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="48" pageNumber="49" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="shahvarica" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="519F9E34FFE7B313977DFD10FAC7FDC6" bold="true" box="[1127,1301,658,685]" italics="true" pageId="48" pageNumber="49">M. shahvarica</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="4AAC234FFFE7B3139606FD11FAA5FDC6" box="[1308,1399,659,685]" pageId="48" pageNumber="49" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</keyLead>
</paragraph>
</keyStep>
<keyStep id="D81F5A83FFE7B31393A7FD56FAA5FC8F" pageId="48" pageNumber="49">
<paragraph id="63544226FFE7B31393A7FD56FAA5FC3C" blockId="48.[189,1399,723,996]" pageId="48" pageNumber="49">
<keyLead id="D81AE113FFE7B31393A7FD56FAA5FC3C" pageId="48" pageNumber="49">
3. The antevaginal plate is expanded in the dorsoventral direction, its outer edge extends beyond the boundaries of the bend of the postvaginal plate (auricules) (
<figureCitation id="FBD05EA3FFE7B3139082FD75FBDAFC7A" box="[920,1032,759,785]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="8.[189,232,1789,1815]" captionTargetBox="[195,1390,272,1732]" captionTargetId="figure-17@8.[189,1398,266,1738]" captionTargetPageId="8" captionText="Fig. 4. Female genitalia (without the anal papillae, copulatory bursa, and anterior and posterior apophyses). A–D. M. shahvarica sp. nov., Iran, Semnan Prov., Shahrud area, S macroslope of Shahvar Mts, alt. 2200–2400 m. E. M. lutko Evans, 1932, Chitral Gol National Park, Chitral, Pakistan, alt. 2700 m. F–I. M. mimetica Higgins, 1940. F. Pakistan, Balochistan, Quetta, Urak, alt. 2400– 2700 m. G–H. Afghanistan, Bamian Prov., Punjub Distr., 10 km NE of Varas v., alt. 2400 m. I. Central Afghanistan, Ghor Prov., 17 km E of Changcharan, 15 km S of Bandi-Ali, Gazak Mts, alt. 2400 m." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6839857" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6839857/files/figure.png" pageId="48" pageNumber="49">Fig. 4F–I</figureCitation>
); UPF with a well-defined paleyellowish postdiscal area and pale-yellowish macule in the distal part of discoidal cell (
<figureCitation id="FBD05EA3FFE7B31397F0FC98FAB9FC5F" box="[1258,1387,794,820]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="12.[190,233,1779,1805]" captionTargetBox="[193,1394,869,1733]" captionTargetId="figure-192@12.[189,1398,866,1738]" captionTargetPageId="12" captionText="Fig. 6. Adults of M. mimetica Higgins, 1940. A–H. UPS. I–P. UNS. A–B, I–J. ♂, Pakistan, Balochistan, Quetta, Urak, alt. 2400–2700 m. C, K. ♂, Afghanistan, Ghowr Prov., Bayan Range, 15 km S of Chagcharan, Kindival vall. D, L. ♂, Afghanistan, Bamian Prov., Punjub Distr., 10 km NE of Varas v., alt. 2400 m. E–F, M–N. ♀, Pakistan, Balochistan, Quetta, Urak, alt. 2400–2700 m. G, O. ♀, Central Afghanistan, Bamian Prov., 8 km S of Bamian, Koh-e-Baba Mts, Dara-e-Khushkak, alt. 2930 m. H, P. ♀, Afghanistan, Bamian Prov., Punjub Distr., 10 km NE of Varas v., alt. 2400 m. B, J photos by Dr Eckweiler)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6839861" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6839861/files/figure.png" pageId="48" pageNumber="49">Fig. 6E–H</figureCitation>
).
<collectingCountry id="1BFC02B6FFE7B31393F0FCBFFEAEFC3C" box="[234,380,829,855]" name="Afghanistan" pageId="48" pageNumber="49">Afghanistan</collectingCountry>
,
<collectingCountry id="1BFC02B6FFE7B3139292FCBFFE22FC3C" box="[392,496,829,855]" name="Pakistan" pageId="48" pageNumber="49">Pakistan</collectingCountry>
:
<collectingRegion id="A12F8CC4FFE7B31392E1FCBFFD54FC3C" box="[507,646,829,855]" country="Pakistan" name="Balochistan" pageId="48" pageNumber="49">Balochistan</collectingRegion>
........................................................
<taxonomicName id="A4EB39A5FFE7B313972BFCBFFAA5FC3C" ID-CoL="9BMPQ" authority="Higgins, 1940" authorityName="Higgins" authorityYear="1940" baseAuthorityName="Higgins" baseAuthorityYear="1940" box="[1073,1399,829,855]" class="Insecta" family="Nymphalidae" genus="Melitaea" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="48" pageNumber="49" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="mimetica">
<emphasis id="519F9E34FFE7B313972BFCBFFB1BFC3C" bold="true" box="[1073,1225,829,855]" italics="true" pageId="48" pageNumber="49">M. mimetica</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="077A3FD7FFE7B31397CAFCBFFAA5FC3C" author="Higgins L. G." box="[1232,1399,829,855]" pageId="48" pageNumber="49" pagination="51 - 53" refId="ref29676" refString="Higgins L. G. 1940. A new species and two new subspecies of Melitaea (Lep. Nymphalidae). The Entomologist 73: 51 - 53." type="journal article" year="1940">Higgins, 1940</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
</keyLead>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="63544226FFE7B31393DBFCE3FAA5FC8F" blockId="48.[189,1399,723,996]" pageId="48" pageNumber="49">
<keyLead id="D81AE113FFE7B31393DBFCE3FAA5FC8F" pageId="48" pageNumber="49">
– The antevaginal plate is narrow in the dorsoventral direction, its outer edge does not extend out or barely extends beyond the boundaries of the bend of the postvaginal plate (auricules) (
<figureCitation id="FBD05EA3FFE7B313960AFC01FAB5FCF5" box="[1296,1383,899,926]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="19.[189,232,1732,1758]" captionTargetBox="[192,1393,270,1668]" captionTargetId="figure-11@19.[189,1398,265,1675]" captionTargetPageId="19" captionText="Fig. 11. Female genitalia (without the anal papillae, copulatory bursa, and anterior and posterior apophyses). A–C. Melitaea timandra timandra Coutsis &amp; van Oorschot, 2014, S Turkmenistan, Sary- Yazy, alt. 300 m. D–I. M. timandra binaludica subsp. nov. D–F. Iran, Rezavi Khorassan Prov., Kuh-e- Binalud Mts, Dorrud v. vicinity, alt. 2430 m. G–H. Iran, Mazandaran Prov., S macroslopes of Albors Mts, 80 km SE of Sari, 5 km NE of Foulad Mahhaleh v., E slopes of Sultan Kuh Mt., alt. 2000 m. I. Afghanistan, Bamian Prov., Band-e-Amir, alt. 3200 m." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6839871" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6839871/files/figure.png" pageId="48" pageNumber="49">Fig. 11</figureCitation>
); UPF with a weakly defined pale-yellowish postdiscal area (
<figureCitation id="FBD05EA3FFE7B3139081FC25FBC9FCAA" box="[923,1051,935,961]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="17.[189,232,1918,1944]" captionTargetBox="[193,1394,951,1876]" captionTargetId="figure-265@17.[189,1398,948,1880]" captionTargetPageId="17" captionText="Fig. 9. Adults of Melitaea timandra timandra Coutsis &amp; van Oorschot, 2014. A–H. UPS. I–P. UNS. A–D. ♂, Turkmenistan, Sary-Yazy, alt. 300 m. E–H. ♀, Turkmenistan, Sary-Yazy, alt. 300 m. I–L. ♂, Turkmenistan, Sary-Yazy, alt. 300 m. M–P. ♀, Turkmenistan, Sary-Yazy, alt. 300 m." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6839867" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6839867/files/figure.png" pageId="48" pageNumber="49">Figs 9E–H</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="FBD05EA3FFE7B313973CFC24FBACFCAA" box="[1062,1150,934,961]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="24.[189,232,1891,1917]" captionTargetBox="[194,1395,1026,1847]" captionTargetId="figure-252@24.[189,1398,1022,1851]" captionTargetPageId="24" captionText="Fig. 15. Adults of Melitaea timandra binaludica subsp. nov. A–H. UPS. I–P. UNS. A, I. Holotype, ♂ (SDM). B–H, J–P. Paratypes (EDMSU). A–D, I–L. ♂, Iran, Rezavi Khorassan Prov., Kuh-e Binalud Mts, Dorrud v. vicinity, alt. 2430 m. E–H, M–P. ♀, same data as for preceding." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6839883" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6839883/files/figure.png" pageId="48" pageNumber="49">15E–H</figureCitation>
).
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,
<collectingCountry id="1BFC02B6FFE7B31397D7FC25FAA0FCAA" box="[1229,1394,935,961]" name="Turkmenistan" pageId="48" pageNumber="49">Turkmenistan</collectingCountry>
,
<collectingCountry id="1BFC02B6FFE7B31393F0FC48FEABFC8F" box="[234,377,970,996]" name="Afghanistan" pageId="48" pageNumber="49">Afghanistan</collectingCountry>
...................................................................
<taxonomicName id="A4EB39A5FFE7B3139061FC48FAA5FC8F" authority="Coutsis &amp; van Oorschot, 2014" authorityName="Coutsis &amp; van Oorschot" authorityYear="2014" box="[891,1399,969,996]" class="Insecta" family="Nymphalidae" genus="Melitaea" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="48" pageNumber="49" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="timandra">
<emphasis id="519F9E34FFE7B3139061FC48FBC1FC8F" bold="true" box="[891,1043,969,996]" italics="true" pageId="48" pageNumber="49">M. timandra</emphasis>
Coutsis &amp;
<bibRefCitation id="077A3FD7FFE7B3139795FC48FAA5FC8F" author="Van Oorschot H. &amp; Coutsis J. G." box="[1167,1399,970,996]" pageId="48" pageNumber="49" refId="ref31081" refString="Van Oorschot H. &amp; Coutsis J. G. 2014. The Genus Melitaea Fabricius, 1807 (Lepidoptera, Nymphalidae, Nymphalinae). Taxonomy and Systematics with Special Reference to the Male Genitalia. Tshikolovets publication, Pardubice." type="book" year="2014">van Oorschot, 2014</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
</keyLead>
</paragraph>
</keyStep>
</key>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>
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