treatments-xml/data/EB/42/F3/EB42F330FFD8B33492A3FE8AFC4EFA38.xml

<document id="217AB05C3875F9899BD2A0D40F92129B" ID-CLB-Dataset="99303" ID-DOI="10.5852/ejt.2022.830.1865" ID-GBIF-Dataset="deb635f8-c685-4637-b2a0-d028b1cba0ab" ID-ISSN="2118-9773" ID-Zenodo-Dep="6839847" ID-ZooBank="C1F47AD9-ECF6-4F0F-9928-55A45332FF4B" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.tables_requiresApprovalFor="existingObjects,plazi" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1657891195425" checkinUser="felipe" docAuthor="Kolesnichenko, Kirill A. &amp; Kotlobay, Anatoly A." docDate="2022" docId="EB42F330FFD8B33492A3FE8AFC4EFA38" docLanguage="en" docName="ejt-830_1-60.pdf" docOrigin="European Journal of Taxonomy 830 (1)" docSource="http://zoobank.org/c1f47ad9-ecf6-4f0f-9928-55a45332ff4b" docStyle="DocumentStyle:EF2B578F1D15862ADE45B0C07C620911.14:EJT.2018-.journal_article.type1" docStyleId="EF2B578F1D15862ADE45B0C07C620911" docStyleName="EJT.2018-.journal_article.type1" docStyleVersion="14" docTitle="Melitaea timandra subsp. timandra Coutsis &amp; van Oorschot 2014" docType="treatment" docVersion="9" lastPageNumber="24" masterDocId="177B8B48FFD7B323931AFF82FFD2FF6B" masterDocTitle="Review of the fritillary species systematically close to Melitaea lutko Evans, 1932 (Lepidoptera: Nymphalidae) with analysis of their geographic distribution and interrelations with host plants" masterLastPageNumber="60" masterPageNumber="1" pageNumber="16" updateTime="1699360064085" updateUser="ExternalLinkService" zenodo-license-document="CC-BY-4.0" zenodo-license-figures="CC-BY-4.0" zenodo-license-treatments="UNSPECIFIED">
<mods:mods id="98496C1A132731CA6A1BBEACE13A08FB" xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
<mods:titleInfo id="1AC8182FC9E6B7CF56F91056E5C1F0B6">
<mods:title id="7ECF274AA65753381DEBF3FC49909C2F">Review of the fritillary species systematically close to Melitaea lutko Evans, 1932 (Lepidoptera: Nymphalidae) with analysis of their geographic distribution and interrelations with host plants</mods:title>
</mods:titleInfo>
<mods:name id="EE32AF36AA3CF99CB8B42AF7A94E6B83" type="personal">
<mods:role id="5755ABD4949E9850DB341B357D81C1A4">
<mods:roleTerm id="64AEFE76E3B8B0B8A50D3565B3E90F73">Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart id="CD8CFBADA4BAF7DDFD7F19A106D8C627">Kolesnichenko, Kirill A.</mods:namePart>
<mods:nameIdentifier id="188BC2E232A7D52A7812D182B6E9A189" type="LSID">6FE5C7CF-13B0-4C18-AA33-69330181B145</mods:nameIdentifier>
<mods:affiliation id="B691EC601DF56F7312FB9BEDA7D281CC">Department of Entomology, Faculty of Biology, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Leninskie Gory I / 12, Moscow 119991, Russia.</mods:affiliation>
<mods:nameIdentifier id="B33E539A56B0F2C39A565402853D7C10" type="email">kkolesnichenko@gmail.com</mods:nameIdentifier>
</mods:name>
<mods:name id="1629E4D75B36DC8CFD9371F080E5DFD6" type="personal">
<mods:role id="76515E889DEB671C6ECF01A16F56AEF3">
<mods:roleTerm id="2FA4E7FF8C5CA0A1B5DAB08885166CCB">Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart id="20793845A2BF54FEBB2140EBBA1D38D6">Kotlobay, Anatoly A.</mods:namePart>
<mods:nameIdentifier id="D363C93ABED6B534F0E54690E5CEDFCA" type="LSID">A0AE8E07-0CBE-417F-99CB-DE4DEB2779F4</mods:nameIdentifier>
<mods:affiliation id="7FC93C5A757E924AEB400D96F9ECEDDF">Department of Entomology, Faculty of Biology, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Leninskie Gory I / 12, Moscow 119991, Russia.</mods:affiliation>
<mods:nameIdentifier id="5A03A7AB868C14C92A07F1E35F32D40A" type="email">an_kotlobay@mail.ru</mods:nameIdentifier>
</mods:name>
<mods:typeOfResource id="4215FAD5AAC61551D1813A745A88E12D">text</mods:typeOfResource>
<mods:relatedItem id="FE290D50DFFC9DDAD171C1758E01278D" type="host">
<mods:titleInfo id="D46D302C07ABA69DC40A4EF51D1F660F">
<mods:title id="85F54EF224A4D4BEA0B09185B7F8B412">European Journal of Taxonomy</mods:title>
</mods:titleInfo>
<mods:part id="62C3C47CC49FDC3138A80D3FD54EFDE4">
<mods:date id="6D1909EE2AB3297D561A2ED9AFB2572A">2022</mods:date>
<mods:detail id="48B24F13A023A33E4007EDDB2E29C7B4" type="pubDate">
<mods:number id="0091DCCBE8F4A6A358140E18BD177E93">2022-07-15</mods:number>
</mods:detail>
<mods:detail id="846DDB573A37DD45814F1DF54045467D" type="volume">
<mods:number id="1D04B7A738052E000146C433B34AADB9">830</mods:number>
</mods:detail>
<mods:detail id="FCCBEBFB7191D5BC9726CD2EC1C69334" type="issue">
<mods:number id="80C4617789D1A85996AAACE09D14B171">1</mods:number>
</mods:detail>
<mods:extent id="AB7CF988BB9A9512EF15D80599764F76" unit="page">
<mods:start id="E2730F1FB048CD1728866C32A8E076E9">1</mods:start>
<mods:end id="FC65E93FB02A563A8C511BD19DDBEDF7">60</mods:end>
</mods:extent>
</mods:part>
</mods:relatedItem>
<mods:location id="3D5029560C6666E2DF4338373D32BACA">
<mods:url id="F317394D420AA3A24EE5015589532596">http://zoobank.org/c1f47ad9-ecf6-4f0f-9928-55a45332ff4b</mods:url>
</mods:location>
<mods:classification id="04239E68BE713A31753017BA5EA5058B">journal article</mods:classification>
<mods:identifier id="E770DF4C5D3EE098A0490AE16C33A432" type="CLB-Dataset">99303</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier id="2BD15CC3B089F2D1DE278308D06DAA01" type="DOI">10.5852/ejt.2022.830.1865</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier id="EA641622E40C4432A651730725EA5630" type="GBIF-Dataset">deb635f8-c685-4637-b2a0-d028b1cba0ab</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier id="3E8ED35D946ABD5E5E0B13DB985BBB1A" type="ISSN">2118-9773</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier id="23DD982F43CE8A9A5D8D28EDAE29D7AF" type="Zenodo-Dep">6839847</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier id="E8BC94ED2D8971B18F3D3147CF672DCD" type="ZooBank">C1F47AD9-ECF6-4F0F-9928-55A45332FF4B</mods:identifier>
</mods:mods>
<treatment id="EB42F330FFD8B33492A3FE8AFC4EFA38" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6855856" ID-GBIF-Taxon="197817561" ID-Zenodo-Dep="6855856" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:EB42F330FFD8B33492A3FE8AFC4EFA38" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/EB42F330FFD8B33492A3FE8AFC4EFA38" lastPageId="23" lastPageNumber="24" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">
<subSubSection id="2BF111ADFFD8B32C92A3FE8AFBA9FE48" box="[441,1147,264,291]" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph id="63544226FFD8B32C92A3FE8AFBA9FE48" blockId="15.[372,1216,264,327]" box="[441,1147,264,291]" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">
<heading id="381CF54AFFD8B32C92A3FE8AFBA9FE48" box="[441,1147,264,291]" centered="true" fontSize="11" level="2" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" reason="2">
<taxonomicName id="A4EB39A5FFD8B32C92A3FE8AFBA9FE48" authority="Coutsis &amp; van Oorschot, 2014" authorityName="Coutsis &amp; van Oorschot" authorityYear="2014" box="[441,1147,264,291]" class="Insecta" family="Nymphalidae" genus="Melitaea" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subSpecies" species="timandra" subSpecies="timandra">
<emphasis id="519F9E34FFD8B32C92A3FE8AFCDDFE48" bold="true" box="[441,783,264,291]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">Melitaea timandra timandra</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="077A3FD7FFD8B32C900CFE8BFBA9FE48" author="Van Oorschot H. &amp; Coutsis J. G." box="[790,1147,265,291]" journalOrPublisher="Tshikolovets publication, Pardubice" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" refId="ref31081" refString="Van Oorschot H. &amp; Coutsis J. G. 2014. The Genus Melitaea Fabricius, 1807 (Lepidoptera, Nymphalidae, Nymphalinae). Taxonomy and Systematics with Special Reference to the Male Genitalia. Tshikolovets publication, Pardubice." title="The Genus Melitaea Fabricius, 1807 (Lepidoptera, Nymphalidae, Nymphalinae). Taxonomy and Systematics with Special Reference to the Male Genitalia" type="book" year="2014">Coutsis &amp; van Oorschot, 2014</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
</heading>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="2BF111ADFFD8B32C926EFEAEFB12FE2D" box="[372,1216,300,327]" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" type="description">
<paragraph id="63544226FFD8B32C926EFEAEFB12FE2D" blockId="15.[372,1216,264,327]" box="[372,1216,300,327]" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">
<figureCitation id="FBD05EA3FFD8B32C926EFEAEFE3CFE2D" box="[372,494,300,326]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="5.[189,232,1885,1911]" captionTargetBox="[193,1398,811,1840]" captionTargetId="figure-141@5.[189,1398,807,1843]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="Fig. 1. Type specimens of M. lutko Evans, 1932, M. mimetica Higgins, 1940, and M. timandra Coutsis &amp; van Oorschot, 2014. A, C, E. UPS. B, D, F. UNS. A–B. M. lutko, holotype, ♂ (BMNH). C– D. M. mimetica, paratype, ♀ (BMNH). E–F. M. timandra, holotype, ♂ (ZMA). A–D photos by A. Devyatkin; E–F, by Eulalia Gasso Miracle." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6839849" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6839849/files/figure.png" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">Figs 1E–F</figureCitation>
, 
<figureCitation id="FBD05EA3FFD8B32C92E3FEAEFDD8FE2D" box="[505,522,300,326]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="17.[189,232,1918,1944]" captionTargetBox="[193,1394,951,1876]" captionTargetId="figure-265@17.[189,1398,948,1880]" captionTargetPageId="17" captionText="Fig. 9. Adults of Melitaea timandra timandra Coutsis &amp; van Oorschot, 2014. A–H. UPS. I–P. UNS. A–D. ♂, Turkmenistan, Sary-Yazy, alt. 300 m. E–H. ♀, Turkmenistan, Sary-Yazy, alt. 300 m. I–L. ♂, Turkmenistan, Sary-Yazy, alt. 300 m. M–P. ♀, Turkmenistan, Sary-Yazy, alt. 300 m." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6839867" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6839867/files/figure.png" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">9</figureCitation>
, 
<figureCitation id="FBD05EA3FFD8B32C910DFEAEFDBBFE2C" box="[535,617,300,327]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="18.[189,232,1819,1845]" captionTargetBox="[216,1371,268,1778]" captionTargetId="figure-16@18.[214,1372,265,1781]" captionTargetPageId="18" captionText="Fig. 10. Male genitalia (a = valva; b = aedeagus). A–F. Melitaea timandra timandra Coutsis &amp; van Oorschot, 2014. G–O. M. timandra binaludica subsp. nov. A–C. S Turkmenistan, Sary-Yazy, alt. 300 m. D. Paratype, Turkmenistan, Badhyz Reserve, Kepeli. E–F. S Turkmenistan, Sary-Yazy, alt. 300 m. G–L. Iran, Rezavi Khorassan Prov., Kuh-e-Binalud Mts, Dorrud v. vicinity, alt. 2430 m. M. Central Afghanistan, Bamian Prov., Band-e-Amir, Dzhudoi-Kvak Gorge, alt. 3200 m. N. Bande-Amir, Hazarajat, Afghanistan. O. Afghanistan, Bamian Prov., Band-e-Amir, alt. 3200 m." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6839869" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6839869/files/figure.png" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">
10A 
<emphasis id="519F9E34FFD8B32C9153FEAFFD8AFE2D" box="[585,600,301,326]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">–</emphasis>
F
</figureCitation>
, 
<figureCitation id="FBD05EA3FFD8B32C916FFEAEFD19FE2D" box="[629,715,300,326]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="19.[189,232,1732,1758]" captionTargetBox="[192,1393,270,1668]" captionTargetId="figure-11@19.[189,1398,265,1675]" captionTargetPageId="19" captionText="Fig. 11. Female genitalia (without the anal papillae, copulatory bursa, and anterior and posterior apophyses). A–C. Melitaea timandra timandra Coutsis &amp; van Oorschot, 2014, S Turkmenistan, Sary- Yazy, alt. 300 m. D–I. M. timandra binaludica subsp. nov. D–F. Iran, Rezavi Khorassan Prov., Kuh-e- Binalud Mts, Dorrud v. vicinity, alt. 2430 m. G–H. Iran, Mazandaran Prov., S macroslopes of Albors Mts, 80 km SE of Sari, 5 km NE of Foulad Mahhaleh v., E slopes of Sultan Kuh Mt., alt. 2000 m. I. Afghanistan, Bamian Prov., Band-e-Amir, alt. 3200 m." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6839871" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6839871/files/figure.png" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">
11A 
<emphasis id="519F9E34FFD8B32C91BCFEAFFD67FE2D" box="[678,693,301,326]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">–</emphasis>
C
</figureCitation>
, 
<figureCitation id="FBD05EA3FFD8B32C91CDFEAEFCF0FE2D" box="[727,802,300,326]" captionStart-0="Fig" captionStart-1="Fig" captionStartId-0="20.[189,232,1954,1980]" captionStartId-1="22.[189,232,1814,1840]" captionTargetBox-0="[189,1398,613,1913]" captionTargetBox-1="[189,1398,884,1768]" captionTargetId-0="figure-115@20.[189,1398,613,1913]" captionTargetId-1="figure-239@22.[189,1398,884,1780]" captionTargetPageId-0="20" captionTargetPageId-1="22" captionText-0="Fig. 12. Eggs of Melitaea timandra timandra Coutsis &amp; van Oorschot, 2014, S. Turkmenistan, Sary- Yazy. A–C. Lateral view. D–F. View from above. G–I. Micropile area." captionText-1="Fig. 13. Biotopes and biology of Melitaea timandra timandraCoutsis &amp; van Oorschot, 2014.A. Bumpycellular overgrown sands on the left bank of the Murgab River, alt. 300 m, April 1993, the habitat of M. timandra timandra. B. Phlomoides regeliana (Aitch. &amp; Hemsl.) Adylov, Kamelin &amp; Makhm. – host plant for M. timandra timandra. The female laying eggs is visible under the leaves of the plant. C. The female of M. timandra timandra is ovipositing on the soil under the host plant leaf. D. Egg clutch of M. timandra timandra on the basal leaf rosette of Ph. regeliana." figureDoi-0="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6839877" figureDoi-1="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6839879" httpUri-0="https://zenodo.org/record/6839877/files/figure.png" httpUri-1="https://zenodo.org/record/6839879/files/figure.png" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">12–13</figureCitation>
, 
<figureCitation id="FBD05EA3FFD8B32C9035FEAEFC54FE2D" box="[815,902,300,326]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="26.[189,232,1847,1873]" captionTargetBox="[276,1315,271,1797]" captionTargetId="figure-17@26.[261,1325,263,1804]" captionTargetPageId="26" captionText="Fig. 17. Male genitalia (without aedeagus) in dorsal projection. A–C. Melitaea timandra timandra Coutsis &amp; van Oorschot, 2014. D–I. M. timandra binaludica subsp. nov. A–C. S Turkmenistan, Sary- Yazy, alt. 300 m. D–F. Iran, Rezavi Khorassan Prov., Kuh-e-Binalud Mts, Dorrud v. vicinity, alt. 2430 m. G. Iran, Horossan Prov., 35 km N of Birjant t. H. Afghanistan, Bamian Prov., Band-e-Amir, alt. 3200 m. I. Central Afghanistan, Bamian Prov., Band-e-Amir, Dzhudoi-Kvak Gorge, alt. 3200 m." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6839887" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6839887/files/figure.png" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">
17A 
<emphasis id="519F9E34FFD8B32C907BFEAFFCA2FE2D" box="[865,880,301,326]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">–</emphasis>
C
</figureCitation>
, 
<figureCitation id="FBD05EA3FFD8B32C9088FEAEFC3DFE2D" box="[914,1007,300,326]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="28.[189,232,1853,1879]" captionTargetBox="[192,1398,692,1812]" captionTargetId="figure-178@28.[189,1398,689,1813]" captionTargetPageId="28" captionText="Fig. 19. Male genitalia and harpe. A–C. Melitaea timandra timandra Coutsis &amp; van Oorschot, 2014. D–I. M. timandra binaludica subsp. nov. A–C. Turkmenistan, Sary-Yazy, alt. 300 m. D–F. Iran, Rezavi Khorassan Prov., Kuh-e-Binalud Mts, Dorrud v. vicinity, alt. 2430 m. G. Afghanistan, Bamian Prov., Band-e-Amir, alt. 3200 m. H. Afghanistan, Bamian Prov., Band-e-Amir, Dzhudoi-Kvak Gorge, alt. 3200 m. I. Afghanistan, Band-e-Amir, Hazarajat." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6839893" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6839893/files/figure.png" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">
19 A 
<emphasis id="519F9E34FFD8B32C90D1FEAFFC08FE2D" box="[971,986,301,326]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">–</emphasis>
C
</figureCitation>
, 
<figureCitation id="FBD05EA3FFD8B32C90E1FEAEFBE2FE2D" box="[1019,1072,300,326]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="47.[189,232,1750,1776]" captionTargetBox="[273,1315,270,1661]" captionTargetId="figure-11@47.[270,1317,265,1713]" captionTargetPageId="47" captionText="Fig.29.Differencesinthestructureofvalvaandaedeagusofthelutko speciesgroup.A.Melitaeashahvarica sp. nov. B, D, H. M. timandra binaludica subsp. nov. C–E. M. mimetica Higgins, 1940. F. M. lutko Evans, 1932. G. M. timandra timandra Coutsis &amp;van Oorschot, 2014. A. Iran, Semnan Prov., Shahrud area, S macroslope of Shahvar Mts, alt. 2200–2400 m. B. Iran, Rezavi Khorassan Prov., Kuh-e-Binalud Mts, Dorrud v. vicinity, alt. 2430 m. C. Afghanistan, Bamian Prov., Punjub Distr., 10 km NE of Varas v., alt. 2400 m. D. Afghanistan, Band-i-Amir, Hazarajat. E. Pakistan, Balochistan, Quetta, Urak, alt. 2400– 2700 m. F. Pakistan, Chitral, Gol National Park, alt. 2700 m. G. Turkmenistan, Sary-Yazy, alt. 700 m. H. Iran, Rezavi Khorassan Prov., Kuh-e-Binalud Mts, Dorrud v. vicinity, alt. 2430 m." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6839915" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6839915/files/figure.png" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">29G</figureCitation>
, 
<figureCitation id="FBD05EA3FFD8B32C9727FEAEFB8CFE2D" box="[1085,1118,300,326]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="51.[189,232,1039,1065]" captionTargetBox="[189,1398,269,992]" captionTargetId="figure-11@51.[189,1398,269,992]" captionTargetPageId="51" captionText="Fig. 30 (continued on next page). Distribution of the lutko species group fritillaries in combination with the distribution of known and suspected species of host plants from the genus Phlomoides Blume. = Melitaea lutko Evans, 1932; = M. timandra timandra Coutsis &amp; Oorschot, 2014; = M. timandra binaludica subsp. nov.; = M. shahvarica sp. nov.; = M. mimetica mimetica Higgins, 1940; = M. mimetica delerei Heidemann, 1954;? = unconfirmed findings of M. timandra; = M. timandra with an unclear subspecies status; = Phlomoides regeliana (Aitch. &amp; Hemsl.) Adylov, Kamelin &amp; Makhm.; = Phlomoides boissieriana (Regel) Adylov, Kamelin &amp; Makhm.; = Phlomoides laciniata (L.) Kamelin &amp; Makhm.; = Phlomoides labiosiformis (Popov) Adylov, Kamelin &amp; Makhm.; = Phlomoides loasifolia (Benth.) Kamelin &amp; Makhm.; = Phlomoides molucelloides (Bunge) Salmaki; = Phlomoides acaulis(Beck ex Rech.f.) Salmaki; = Phlomoides labiosa(Bunge) Adylov, Kamelin &amp; Makhm. A. Pakistan, Chitral, Chaghbini CGNP, alt. 2700–3000 m. B. Pakistan, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Drosh. C. Pakistan, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Keon Nullah. D. Pakistan, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Malakand. E. Pakistan, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Birmoglasht. F. Turkmenistan, Badkhyz, Kepeli, alt. 700 m. G. Turkmenistan, Badkhyz, Kyzyl-Jar, alt. 700 m. H. Turkmenistan, Kushka, alt. 700 m. I. Turkmenistan, Murgab river, Sary-Yazy, alt. 300 m. J. Turkmenistan, 30 km E of BairamAli, Zahmet, alt. 240 m. K. Turkmenistan, Bairam-Ali, alt. 230 m. L. Turkmenistan, Kara-Kum desert, 30 km W of Mary, alt. 200 m.M. Turkmenistan, Dushak, alt. 250 m.N. Turkmenistan, Chaacha, alt. 400 m. O. Turkmenistan, Bakharden, alt. 200 m. P. Iran, Khorossan Razavi, Kuh-e-Binalud Mts, Qadamgah area, Gerina, alt. 2000 m. Q. Iran, Khorasan Razavi, Kuh-e-Binalud Mts, 15 km SW of Zoshk, alt. 2300– 2500 m. R. Iran, S Khorosan, 75 km N of Birjant, Sedeh, alt. 1500 m. S. Iran, S Khorosan, 35 km N of Birjant, alt. 1500 m. T. Afghanistan, Bamian, Band-e-Amir, Dzhudoi-Kvak Gorge, alt. 3200 m. U. Afghanistan, Bamian, Band-e-Amir, Hazarajat, alt. 3000–3200 m. V. Afghanistan, Bamian, Koh-iBaba Mts, Joshanak, alt. 2800 m. W. Afghanistan, Heart, Qala-i-Naw, Kashka pass. X. Iran, Semnan, Shahvar Mt., alt. 2200–2500 m. Y. Turkmenistan, Kara-Kala, Monjukly Ridge, 300–700 m. Z. Iran, Golestan, E Maraveh Tappeh, N Ghazan Ghayeh, Palizan Mts. A”. Pakistan, Balochistan, Quetta, Urak, alt. 2500 m. B”. Pakistan, Balochistan, Ziarat, alt. 2500 m. C”. Pakistan, Balochistan, Khojak, alt. 1700 m. D”. Pakistan, Balochistan, Zaghum, alt. 1600 m; E”. Pakistan, Punjab, Gawar, alt. 500 m. F”. Pakistan, Balochistan, Sheik Wazil, alt. 1600 m. G”. Afghanistan, Bamian, Hushkak, alt. 2700– 2800 m. H”. Afghanistan, Bamian, Punjub Distr., 10 km NE of Varas, alt. 2400 m. I”. Afghanistan, Ghor, 17 km E of Changcharan, 15 km S of Bandi-Ali, Gazak Mts, alt. 2400 m. J”. Afghanistan, Ghor, Bayan Range, 15 km S of Changcharan, Kindival valley, alt. 2700 m. K”. Afghanistan, Bamiyan, Kohi-Baba Mts, Panjao, alt. 3000 m. Afghanistan, Bamiyan, Koh-i-Baba Mts, Shah-tu-Kotal, alt. 4000 m. L”. Afghanistan, Kapisa, Pandshir valley, alt. 2200–2800 m. M”. Afghanistan, Kabul. N”. Iran, Tehran, Elburz Ridge, Demavend Mt., Ask, alt. 1800 m. O”. Iran, Semnan, Foulad Mohaleh, alt. 2200 m. P”. Pakistan, Punjab, Murree." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6841901" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6841901/files/figure.png" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">30</figureCitation>
; 
<tableCitation id="2E69779DFFD8B32C9773FEAEFB12FE2D" box="[1129,1216,300,326]" captionStart="Table 2" captionStartId="21.[189,259,265,291]" captionTargetPageId="21" captionText="Table 2. Measurements of the egg of M. timandra timandra Coutsis &amp; van Oorschot, 2014." httpUri="http://table.plazi.org/id/379412AEFFC2B33693A7FE8BFB3DFE48" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" tableUuid="379412AEFFC2B33693A7FE8BFB3DFE48">Table 2</tableCitation>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="2BF111ADFFD8B32C93A7FEECFCAAFEC0" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" type="reference_group">
<paragraph id="63544226FFD8B32C93A7FEECFCAAFEC0" blockId="15.[189,1399,366,463]" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">
“ 
<taxonomicName id="A4EB39A5FFD8B32C93D0FEECFD18FEE3" authority="Coutsis &amp; van Oorschot" authorityName="Coutsis &amp; van Oorschot" authorityYear="2022" box="[202,714,366,392]" class="Insecta" family="Nymphalidae" genus="Melitaea" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="timandra" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="519F9E34FFD8B32C93D0FEECFE74FEE3" box="[202,422,366,392]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">Melitaea timandra</emphasis>
Coutsis &amp; van Oorschot
</taxonomicName>
, 
<taxonomicNameLabel id="4AAC234FFFD8B32C91CCFEECFCE0FEE3" box="[726,818,366,392]" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
” van Oorshot &amp; Coutsis, 2014: 72, pl. 14 figs 23, 25, pl. 15 fig. 1, genitalia: pl. 44 fig. 16, pls 186–187.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="2BF111ADFFD8B32C909BFE13FBA8FEA5" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" type="distribution">
<paragraph id="63544226FFD8B32C909BFE13FBA8FEA5" blockId="15.[189,1399,366,463]" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">
<typeStatus id="BC50FC84FFD8B32C909BFE13FC69FEC0" box="[897,955,401,427]" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">Type</typeStatus>
locality: “ 
<collectingCountry id="1BFC02B6FFD8B32C9723FE13FB33FEC0" box="[1081,1249,401,427]" name="Turkmenistan" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">Turkmenistan</collectingCountry>
, Sary-Yazy” [
<collectingCountry id="1BFC02B6FFD8B32C93EBFE36FE4BFEA5" box="[241,409,436,462]" name="Turkmenistan" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">Turkmenistan</collectingCountry>
, SE Kara-Kum, 
<collectingRegion id="A12F8CC4FFD8B32C9140FE37FD48FEA4" box="[602,666,437,463]" country="Turkmenistan" name="Mary Welayaty" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">Mary</collectingRegion>
velayat, vicinities of Sary-Yazy village].
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="2BF111ADFFD8B32C93A7FE74FC20FD82" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph id="63544226FFD8B32C93A7FE74FEBEFD64" blockId="15.[189,364,501,528]" box="[189,364,501,528]" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">
<heading id="381CF54AFFD8B32C93A7FE74FEBEFD64" bold="true" box="[189,364,501,528]" fontSize="11" level="3" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" reason="3">
<emphasis id="519F9E34FFD8B32C93A7FE74FEBEFD64" bold="true" box="[189,364,501,528]" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">Type material</emphasis>
</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="63544226FFD8B32C93F0FDA6FACCFD0A" blockId="15.[189,1310,548,610]" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">
<materialsCitation id="D383487BFFD8B32C93F0FDA6FAC8FD0A" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3863902310" collectingDate="1993-04-22" collectionCode="NBC" collectorName="Soldatis" country="Turkmenistan" location="Sary-Yasy" municipality="Sary-Yasy" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" specimenCode="HO0279" specimenCount="1" typeStatus="holotype">
<emphasis id="519F9E34FFD8B32C93F0FDA6FE8EFD55" bold="true" box="[234,348,548,574]" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">
<typeStatus id="BC50FC84FFD8B32C93F0FDA6FE8EFD55" box="[234,348,548,574]" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" type="holotype">Holotype</typeStatus>
</emphasis>
(
<figureCitation id="FBD05EA3FFD8B32C9276FDA6FE36FD55" box="[364,484,548,574]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="5.[189,232,1885,1911]" captionTargetBox="[193,1398,811,1840]" captionTargetId="figure-141@5.[189,1398,807,1843]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="Fig. 1. Type specimens of M. lutko Evans, 1932, M. mimetica Higgins, 1940, and M. timandra Coutsis &amp; van Oorschot, 2014. A, C, E. UPS. B, D, F. UNS. A–B. M. lutko, holotype, ♂ (BMNH). C– D. M. mimetica, paratype, ♀ (BMNH). E–F. M. timandra, holotype, ♂ (ZMA). A–D photos by A. Devyatkin; E–F, by Eulalia Gasso Miracle." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6839849" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6839849/files/figure.png" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">Fig. 1E–F</figureCitation>
) 
<collectingCountry id="1BFC02B6FFD8B32C93A7FDC5FE70FD0A" box="[189,418,583,609]" name="Turkmenistan" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">TURKMENISTAN</collectingCountry>
• “Turkmenistan, 
<collectingMunicipality id="8330D85CFFD8B32C9163FDC5FD24FD0A" box="[633,758,583,609]" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">Sary-Yasy</collectingMunicipality>
; 
<date id="175564E6FFD8B32C901BFDC5FC5BFD0A" box="[769,905,583,609]" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" value="1993-04-22">
<collectingDate id="07119D0EFFD8B32C901BFDC5FC5BFD0A" box="[769,905,583,609]" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" value="1993-04-22">22.04.1993</collectingDate>
</date>
; ex coll. 
<collectorName id="CE1E27F0FFD8B32C90E8FDC5FB84FD0A" box="[1010,1110,583,609]" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">Soldatis</collectorName>
”; 
<collectionCode id="05FADAE3FFD8B32C9777FDC5FB7BFD0A" box="[1133,1193,583,609]" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">NBC</collectionCode>
<specimenCode id="334DEA5DFFD8B32C97ABFDC5FAC8FD0A" box="[1201,1306,583,609]" collectionCode="NBC" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">HO0279</specimenCode>
</materialsCitation>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="63544226FFD8B32C93F0FD0BFC20FD82" blockId="15.[189,1398,649,746]" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">
<materialsCitation id="D383487BFFD8B32C93F0FD0BFC3CFD82" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3863902319" collectingDate="1986-04-20" collectingDateMax="1986-04-23" collectingDateMin="1986-04-20" collectionCode="EDMSU" collectorName="A. Devyatkin" country="Turkmenistan" determinerName="van Oorschot &amp; Coutsis" location="Badkhyz Reserve" municipality="Kepeli" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" specimenCount="2" specimenCount-female="1" specimenCount-male="1" typeStatus="paratype">
<emphasis id="519F9E34FFD8B32C93F0FD0BFEB5FDC8" bold="true" box="[234,359,649,675]" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">
<typeStatus id="BC50FC84FFD8B32C93F0FD0BFEB5FDC8" box="[234,359,649,675]" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" type="paratype">Paratypes</typeStatus>
</emphasis>
<collectingCountry id="1BFC02B6FFD8B32C93A7FD2EFE70FDAD" box="[189,418,684,710]" name="Turkmenistan" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">TURKMENISTAN</collectingCountry>
• 
<specimenCount id="75ED89AFFFD8B32C92A6FD2EFE38FDAD" box="[444,490,684,710]" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" type="male">1 ♂</specimenCount>
, 
<specimenCount id="75ED89AFFFD8B32C92E2FD2EFDF7FDAD" box="[504,549,684,710]" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" type="female">1 ♀</specimenCount>
; 
<location id="663414FDFFD8B32C912EFD2EFCD7FDAD" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:EB42F330FFD8B33492A3FE8AFC4EFA38:663414FDFFD8B32C912EFD2EFCD7FDAD" box="[564,773,684,710]" country="Turkmenistan" municipality="Kepeli" name="Badkhyz Reserve" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">Badkhyz Reserve</location>
, 
<collectingMunicipality id="8330D85CFFD8B32C9008FD2EFCB2FDAD" box="[786,864,684,710]" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">Kepeli</collectingMunicipality>
cordon; 
<date id="175564E6FFD8B32C90D3FD2EFB40FDAD" box="[969,1170,684,710]" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" value="1986-04-20" valueMax="1986-04-23" valueMin="1986-04-20">
<collectingDate id="07119D0EFFD8B32C90D3FD2EFB40FDAD" box="[969,1170,684,710]" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" value="1986-04-20" valueMax="1986-04-23" valueMin="1986-04-20">20–23 Apr. 1986</collectingDate>
</date>
; 
<collectorName id="CE1E27F0FFD8B32C9787FD2EFAE9FDAD" box="[1181,1339,684,710]" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">A. Devyatkin</collectorName>
leg.; 
<collectionCode id="05FADAE3FFD8B32C93A7FD4DFEFAFD82" box="[189,296,719,745]" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">EDMSU</collectionCode>
. Designated as paratypes by 
<bibRefCitation id="077A3FD7FFD8B32C9160FD52FC3CFD82" author="Van Oorschot H. &amp; Coutsis J. G." box="[634,1006,719,746]" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" refId="ref31081" refString="Van Oorschot H. &amp; Coutsis J. G. 2014. The Genus Melitaea Fabricius, 1807 (Lepidoptera, Nymphalidae, Nymphalinae). Taxonomy and Systematics with Special Reference to the Male Genitalia. Tshikolovets publication, Pardubice." type="book" year="2014">
<determinerName id="9688AEE2FFD8B32C9160FD52FC47FD82" box="[634,917,719,746]" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">van Oorschot &amp; Coutsis</determinerName>
(2014)
</bibRefCitation>
</materialsCitation>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="2BF111ADFFD8B33393A7FC93FDB2FC3D" lastPageId="16" lastPageNumber="17" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" type="discussion">
<paragraph id="63544226FFD8B32C93A7FC93FEFDFC40" blockId="15.[189,303,785,811]" box="[189,303,785,811]" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">
<heading id="381CF54AFFD8B32C93A7FC93FEFDFC40" bold="true" box="[189,303,785,811]" fontSize="11" level="3" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" reason="3">
<emphasis id="519F9E34FFD8B32C93A7FC93FEFDFC40" bold="true" box="[189,303,785,811]" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">Remarks</emphasis>
</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="63544226FFD8B32C93A7FCC2FD54FC16" blockId="15.[189,1399,831,893]" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">
It is necessary to elucidate upon the issues of identification of the 
<typeStatus id="BC50FC84FFD8B32C90C6FCBDFB94FC32" box="[988,1094,831,857]" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
, the type locality and the origin of the 
<typeStatus id="BC50FC84FFD8B32C924FFCE1FE17FC16" box="[341,453,867,893]" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" type="paratype">paratypes</typeStatus>
of 
<taxonomicName id="A4EB39A5FFD8B32C92F7FCE1FD52FC17" authorityName="Coutsis &amp; van Oorschot" authorityYear="2022" box="[493,640,866,892]" class="Insecta" family="Nymphalidae" genus="Melitaea" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="timandra">
<emphasis id="519F9E34FFD8B32C92F7FCE1FD52FC17" box="[493,640,866,892]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">M. timandra</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="63544226FFD8B32C93A7FC26FCC6F95C" blockId="15.[188,1401,932,1591]" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">
Unfortunately, 
<bibRefCitation id="077A3FD7FFD8B32C9269FC26FD26FCD5" author="Van Oorschot H. &amp; Coutsis J. G." box="[371,756,932,958]" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" refId="ref31081" refString="Van Oorschot H. &amp; Coutsis J. G. 2014. The Genus Melitaea Fabricius, 1807 (Lepidoptera, Nymphalidae, Nymphalinae). Taxonomy and Systematics with Special Reference to the Male Genitalia. Tshikolovets publication, Pardubice." type="book" year="2014">van Oorschot &amp; Coutsis (2014)</bibRefCitation>
made many inaccuracies when describing the taxon 
<taxonomicName id="A4EB39A5FFD8B32C93A7FC45FEFBFC8A" authorityName="Coutsis &amp; van Oorschot" authorityYear="2022" box="[189,297,967,993]" class="Insecta" family="Nymphalidae" genus="Melitaea" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="timandra">
<emphasis id="519F9E34FFD8B32C93A7FC45FEFBFC8A" box="[189,297,967,993]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">timandra</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
. In the text of the description, “ 
<collectingCountry id="1BFC02B6FFD8B32C91AEFC45FC8EFC8A" box="[692,860,967,993]" name="Turkmenistan" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">Turkmenistan</collectingCountry>
, Kopet Dagh, Sary-Yazi” is indicated as the type locality of the taxon 
<taxonomicName id="A4EB39A5FFD8B32C92EEFC68FD8CFB6F" authorityName="Coutsis &amp; van Oorschot" authorityYear="2022" box="[500,606,1002,1028]" class="Insecta" family="Nymphalidae" genus="Melitaea" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="timandra">
<emphasis id="519F9E34FFD8B32C92EEFC68FD8CFB6F" box="[500,606,1002,1028]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">timandra</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
. This indication of the type locality leads to uncertainty, since the village of Sary-Yazy is located 
<quantity id="A413EFC3FFD8B32C9129FB8FFD5EFB4C" box="[563,652,1037,1063]" metricMagnitude="5" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.0" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" unit="km" value="200.0">200 km</quantity>
from the nearest spurs of the Kopet Dag Ridge. As a 
<typeStatus id="BC50FC84FFD8B32C9610FB8FFAA6FB4C" box="[1290,1396,1037,1063]" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
, they indicate a specimen from the de Heer collection while not providing data on either the collector or the date of collection and without reference to the image of the type specimen. From the caption to the drawing of the genitalia of the 
<typeStatus id="BC50FC84FFD8B32C9141FBF5FD10FBFA" box="[603,706,1143,1169]" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
(
<bibRefCitation id="077A3FD7FFD8B32C91C8FBF5FBA6FBFA" author="Van Oorschot H. &amp; Coutsis J. G." box="[722,1140,1143,1169]" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" refId="ref31081" refString="Van Oorschot H. &amp; Coutsis J. G. 2014. The Genus Melitaea Fabricius, 1807 (Lepidoptera, Nymphalidae, Nymphalinae). Taxonomy and Systematics with Special Reference to the Male Genitalia. Tshikolovets publication, Pardubice." type="book" year="2014">van Oorschot &amp; Coutsis 2014: 264</bibRefCitation>
, table 186), it already follows that it comes from the locality “ 
<collectingCountry id="1BFC02B6FFD8B32C91B2FB18FC82FBDF" box="[680,848,1178,1204]" name="Turkmenistan" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">Turkmenistan</collectingCountry>
, Kopet Dagh, Kara-Kala” and is in the ZMA collection. This information contradicts the original designation of the 
<typeStatus id="BC50FC84FFD8B32C970AFB3FFBA5FBBC" box="[1040,1143,1213,1239]" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
and the type locality (the village of Kara-Kala is located at more than 
<quantity id="A413EFC3FFD8B32C9018FB62FC89FB91" box="[770,859,1248,1274]" metricMagnitude="5" metricUnit="m" metricValue="6.0" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" unit="km" value="600.0">600 km</quantity>
northwest of the village of Sary-Yazy). Some inaccuracies in the comments made by one of the authors (
<bibRefCitation id="077A3FD7FFD8B32C909EFA86FB3FFA75" author="Van Oorschot H. &amp; Coutsis J. G." box="[900,1261,1284,1310]" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" refId="ref31081" refString="Van Oorschot H. &amp; Coutsis J. G. 2014. The Genus Melitaea Fabricius, 1807 (Lepidoptera, Nymphalidae, Nymphalinae). Taxonomy and Systematics with Special Reference to the Male Genitalia. Tshikolovets publication, Pardubice." type="book" year="2014">van Oorschot &amp; Coutsis 2014</bibRefCitation>
) have been corrected by 
<bibRefCitation id="077A3FD7FFD8B32C924FFAA5FDD7FA2A" author="Coutsis J. G." box="[341,517,1319,1345]" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" pagination="119" refId="ref29318" refString="Coutsis J. G. 2016. Corrections concerning the holotype and paratypes of Melitaea timandra (Lepidoptera: Nymphalidae, Nymphalinae). Phegea 44: 119." type="journal article" year="2016">Coutsis (2016)</bibRefCitation>
. In the table of preparations of the genitalia, the non-existent locality “Mary-Yazi” was corrected to “Sary-Yazi” and the confusion in the attribution of the depicted genitalia to one or another species was eliminated. It is obvious that there was confusion when labeling the specimens collected, and the two names were combined – the city of 
<collectingRegion id="A12F8CC4FFD8B32C9062FA13FC6BFAC0" box="[888,953,1425,1451]" country="Turkmenistan" name="Mary Welayaty" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">Mary</collectingRegion>
, the center of the velayat of the same name, and the village of Sary-Yazy, located about 
<quantity id="A413EFC3FFD8B32C9002FA31FCA0FAA5" box="[792,882,1459,1486]" metricMagnitude="5" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.5" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" unit="km" value="150.0">150 km</quantity>
south of it. The curator of the collection in Leiden, Ms Eulália Gassó Miracle, where the type specimens of 
<taxonomicName id="A4EB39A5FFD8B32C90BEFA5AFBE4FA9A" authorityName="Coutsis &amp; van Oorschot" authorityYear="2022" box="[932,1078,1495,1521]" class="Insecta" family="Nymphalidae" genus="Melitaea" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="timandra">
<emphasis id="519F9E34FFD8B32C90BEFA5AFBE4FA9A" box="[932,1078,1495,1521]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">M. timandra</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
are currently stored, kindly provided us with photos of the 
<typeStatus id="BC50FC84FFD8B32C9134FA78FD47F97F" box="[558,661,1530,1556]" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
and its labels, from which it follows (
<figureCitation id="FBD05EA3FFD8B32C9743FA78FB03F97F" box="[1113,1233,1530,1556]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="5.[189,232,1885,1911]" captionTargetBox="[193,1398,811,1840]" captionTargetId="figure-141@5.[189,1398,807,1843]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="Fig. 1. Type specimens of M. lutko Evans, 1932, M. mimetica Higgins, 1940, and M. timandra Coutsis &amp; van Oorschot, 2014. A, C, E. UPS. B, D, F. UNS. A–B. M. lutko, holotype, ♂ (BMNH). C– D. M. mimetica, paratype, ♀ (BMNH). E–F. M. timandra, holotype, ♂ (ZMA). A–D photos by A. Devyatkin; E–F, by Eulalia Gasso Miracle." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6839849" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6839849/files/figure.png" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">Fig. 1E–F</figureCitation>
) that the type locality of the 
<typeStatus id="BC50FC84FFD8B32C9272F99FFE1DF95C" box="[360,463,1565,1591]" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
is the village of Sary-Yazy.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="63544226FFD8B32C93A7F9DDFABBF86E" blockId="15.[188,1399,1631,1798]" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">
In addition, all indications of the findings of 
<taxonomicName id="A4EB39A5FFD8B32C91A4F9DDFC9DF912" authorityName="Coutsis &amp; van Oorschot" authorityYear="2022" box="[702,847,1631,1657]" class="Insecta" family="Nymphalidae" genus="Melitaea" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="timandra">
<emphasis id="519F9E34FFD8B32C91A4F9DDFC9DF912" box="[702,847,1631,1657]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">M. timandra</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
in the Western Kopet Dag, given by the authors of the description of the taxon 
<taxonomicName id="A4EB39A5FFD8B32C9100F900FD54F9F7" authorityName="Coutsis &amp; van Oorschot" authorityYear="2022" box="[538,646,1666,1692]" class="Insecta" family="Nymphalidae" genus="Melitaea" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="timandra">
<emphasis id="519F9E34FFD8B32C9100F900FD54F9F7" box="[538,646,1666,1692]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">timandra</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, as well as available in the scientific literature, raise doubts about the reliability and need additional verification and confirmation. It is highly likely that they are based on erroneous labeling of specimens. 
<bibRefCitation id="077A3FD7FFD8B32C9157F94BFCA5F989" author="Tuzov V. K. &amp; Churkin S. V." box="[589,887,1736,1763]" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" pagination="59 - 76" refId="ref31030" refString="Tuzov V. K. &amp; Churkin S. V. 2000. Genus Melitaea Fabricius, 1807. In: Tuzov et al. (eds) Guide to the Butterflies of Russia and Adjacent Territories Vol. 2: 59 - 76. Pensoft, Sofia - Moscow." type="journal article" year="2000">Tuzov &amp; Churkin (2000)</bibRefCitation>
provide photos of 
<taxonomicName id="A4EB39A5FFD8B32C9747F94BFB6CF989" baseAuthorityName="van Oorschot &amp; Coutsis" baseAuthorityYear="2014" box="[1117,1214,1736,1762]" class="Insecta" family="Nymphalidae" genus="Melitaea" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="lutko">
<emphasis id="519F9E34FFD8B32C9747F94BFB6CF989" box="[1117,1214,1736,1762]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">M. lutko</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, corresponding in external morphology to the taxon 
<taxonomicName id="A4EB39A5FFD8B32C9173F969FD07F86E" authorityName="Coutsis &amp; van Oorschot" authorityYear="2022" box="[617,725,1771,1797]" class="Insecta" family="Nymphalidae" genus="Melitaea" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="timandra">
<emphasis id="519F9E34FFD8B32C9173F969FD07F86E" box="[617,725,1771,1797]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">timandra</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, allegedly caught by the second author from Kara-Kala.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="63544226FFD8B33393A7F8AFFDB2FC3D" blockId="15.[188,1400,1837,2004]" lastBlockId="16.[187,1400,265,854]" lastPageId="16" lastPageNumber="17" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">
A more complicated story takes place with a specimen from the vicinity of Kara-Kala, which appears as a 
<typeStatus id="BC50FC84FFD8B32C93C8F8D3FEE5F800" box="[210,311,1873,1899]" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" type="paratype">paratype</typeStatus>
of the taxon 
<taxonomicName id="A4EB39A5FFD8B32C92C2F8D2FC11F801" authority="(van Oorschot &amp; Coutsis 2014)" baseAuthorityName="van Oorschot &amp; Coutsis" baseAuthorityYear="2014" box="[472,963,1872,1898]" class="Insecta" family="Nymphalidae" genus="Melitaea" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="timandra">
<emphasis id="519F9E34FFD8B32C92C2F8D2FD96F801" box="[472,580,1872,1898]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">timandra</emphasis>
(
<bibRefCitation id="077A3FD7FFD8B32C9149F8D2FC69F801" author="Van Oorschot H. &amp; Coutsis J. G." box="[595,955,1872,1898]" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" refId="ref31081" refString="Van Oorschot H. &amp; Coutsis J. G. 2014. The Genus Melitaea Fabricius, 1807 (Lepidoptera, Nymphalidae, Nymphalinae). Taxonomy and Systematics with Special Reference to the Male Genitalia. Tshikolovets publication, Pardubice." type="book" year="2014">van Oorschot &amp; Coutsis 2014</bibRefCitation>
)
</taxonomicName>
. The male from the Monjukly Ridge is mentioned on page 
<quantity id="A413EFC3FFD8B32C92DFF8F1FDC3F8E6" box="[453,529,1907,1933]" metricMagnitude="0" metricUnit="m" metricValue="8.8392" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" unit="in" value="348.0">348 in</quantity>
the general list of specimens whose genitalia have been studied by these authors. The copy number and the number of the genital preparation are, respectively, NO 1102 and JC 5197. The information on the label is as follows: “Kopet Dagh, SW of Monjukly Mt. range, Saf Kara-Kala, 
<date id="175564E6FFC7B333925CFE8BFE01FE48" box="[326,467,265,291]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" value="1992-04-10">10. iv. 1992</date>
” without the name of the collector. There is a note to this specimen: “ 
<typeStatus id="BC50FC84FFC7B3339612FE8BFAA0FE48" box="[1288,1394,265,291]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" type="paratype">paratype</typeStatus>
, mtDNA sequencing by Wahlberg (NW 15–3 &amp; 16–1)”. Images of the specimen itself and genitalia are not given, it is also completely unclear how many specimens with similar labels besides the one mentioned are included in the type series. In the text of the description of the subspecies 
<taxonomicName id="A4EB39A5FFC7B3339611FEF0FD8CFEDB" authority="(van Oorschot &amp; Coutsis 2014: 70)" baseAuthorityName="van Oorschot &amp; Coutsis" baseAuthorityPageNumber="70" baseAuthorityYear="2014" class="Insecta" family="Nymphalidae" genus="Melitaea" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="timandra">
<emphasis id="519F9E34FFC7B3339611FEF0FAA5FEE7" box="[1291,1399,370,396]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">timandra</emphasis>
(
<bibRefCitation id="077A3FD7FFC7B33393DFFE14FD84FEDB" author="Van Oorschot H. &amp; Coutsis J. G." box="[197,598,406,432]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" refId="ref31081" refString="Van Oorschot H. &amp; Coutsis J. G. 2014. The Genus Melitaea Fabricius, 1807 (Lepidoptera, Nymphalidae, Nymphalinae). Taxonomy and Systematics with Special Reference to the Male Genitalia. Tshikolovets publication, Pardubice." type="book" year="2014">van Oorschot &amp; Coutsis 2014: 70</bibRefCitation>
)
</taxonomicName>
in the enumeration of 
<typeStatus id="BC50FC84FFC7B3339076FE14FC0EFEDB" box="[876,988,406,432]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" type="paratype">paratypes</typeStatus>
there is the following entry: “ 
<specimenCount id="75ED89AFFFC7B333965BFE14FAA3FEDB" box="[1345,1393,406,432]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" type="male">2 ♂</specimenCount>
, 
<specimenCount id="75ED89AFFFC7B33393A7FE3BFF38FEB8" box="[189,234,441,467]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" type="female">2 ♀</specimenCount>
, Kara-Kale (sic!), 
<date id="175564E6FFC7B33392D0FE3BFD8FFEB8" box="[458,605,441,467]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" value="1991-03-20">20. iii. 1991</date>
; 
<specimenCount id="75ED89AFFFC7B3339171FE3BFD48FEB8" box="[619,666,441,467]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" type="male">1 ♂</specimenCount>
, same locality but 
<date id="175564E6FFC7B3339061FE3BFBDEFEB8" box="[891,1036,441,467]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" value="1992-04-10">10. iv. 1992</date>
”. Since the date of the capture of the last male coincides with the above label, it can be assumed that the mentioned specimen from the Monjukly Ridge was meant. This specimen was used in the work on the assessment of molecular evolution of the genus 
<taxonomicName id="A4EB39A5FFC7B33392CEFDA0FC99FD56" authority="(Leneveu et al. 2009)" baseAuthorityName="Leneveu" baseAuthorityYear="2009" box="[468,843,546,573]" class="Insecta" family="Nymphalidae" genus="Melitaea" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="519F9E34FFC7B33392CEFDA0FDEEFD57" box="[468,572,546,572]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">Melitaea</emphasis>
(
<bibRefCitation id="077A3FD7FFC7B3339154FDA1FC90FD56" author="Leneveu J. &amp; Chichvarkhin A. &amp; Wahlberg N." box="[590,834,546,573]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" pagination="346 - 361" refId="ref30253" refString="Leneveu J., Chichvarkhin A. &amp; Wahlberg N. 2009. Varying rates of diversification in the genus Melitaea (Lepidoptera: Nymphalidae) during the past 20 million years. Biological Journal of the Linnean Society 97: 346 - 361. https: // doi. org / 10.1111 / j. 1095 - 8312.2009.01208. x" type="journal article" year="2009">
Leneveu 
<emphasis id="519F9E34FFC7B33391A5FDA1FD2EFD57" box="[703,764,546,572]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">et al.</emphasis>
2009
</bibRefCitation>
)
</taxonomicName>
as a voucher under the number NW15–3, but already with the label “West 
<collectingCountry id="1BFC02B6FFC7B3339101FDC4FDB6FD0B" box="[539,612,582,608]" name="China" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">China</collectingCountry>
” (sic!). A photo of a sequenced voucher specimen with a label is contained in the database of electronic resources (
<bibRefCitation id="077A3FD7FFC7B33391E7FDEBFC07FDE8" author="Anonymous" box="[765,981,617,643]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" refId="ref29211" refString="Anonymous 2016. NSG group database. Available fromhttps: // www. flickr. com / photos / nsg _ db [accessed 1 Sep. 2021]." type="book" year="2016">Anonymous 2016</bibRefCitation>
). A special investigation undertaken by the authors of the present publication showed that none of the collectors indicated on the labels caught 
<taxonomicName id="A4EB39A5FFC7B33393A1FD32FE9CFDA2" baseAuthorityName="van Oorschot &amp; Coutsis" baseAuthorityYear="2014" box="[187,334,687,713]" class="Insecta" family="Nymphalidae" genus="Melitaea" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="timandra">
<emphasis id="519F9E34FFC7B33393A1FD32FE9CFDA2" box="[187,334,687,713]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">M. timandra</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
on the Monjukly Ridge or in the Kara-Kala area. It is likely that there was a substitution of labels as a result of negligence in the subsequent processing and transfer of the collected specimens to the collections. We believe that all references to 
<taxonomicName id="A4EB39A5FFC7B33391E1FD75FC5DFC7B" baseAuthorityName="van Oorschot &amp; Coutsis" baseAuthorityYear="2014" box="[763,911,758,784]" class="Insecta" family="Nymphalidae" genus="Melitaea" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="timandra">
<emphasis id="519F9E34FFC7B33391E1FD75FC5DFC7B" box="[763,911,758,784]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">M. timandra</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
from the Kara-Kala area are the result of erroneous identification of the collection site, and all specimens with similar labels originate from the vicinity of the village of Sary-Yazy.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="2BF111ADFFC7B33393A7FCFFFC15FAD8" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph id="63544226FFC7B33393A7FCFFFE78FCFC" blockId="16.[189,426,893,919]" box="[189,426,893,919]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">
<heading id="381CF54AFFC7B33393A7FCFFFE78FCFC" bold="true" box="[189,426,893,919]" fontSize="11" level="3" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" reason="3">
<emphasis id="519F9E34FFC7B33393A7FCFFFE78FCFC" bold="true" box="[189,426,893,919]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">Material examined</emphasis>
</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="63544226FFC7B33393A7FC2EFC15FAD8" blockId="16.[189,1399,940,1460]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">
<materialsCitation id="D383487BFFC7B33393A7FC2EFD58FC82" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3863902312" collectingDate="1986-04-27" collectionCode="EDMSU" collectorName="A. Devyatkin" country="Turkmenistan" location="Kyzyl-Jar Gorge" municipality="Badkhyz Reserve" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" specimenCount="15" specimenCount-female="10" specimenCount-male="5">
<collectingCountry id="1BFC02B6FFC7B33393A7FC2EFE70FCAD" box="[189,418,940,966]" name="Turkmenistan" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">TURKMENISTAN</collectingCountry>
• 
<specimenCount id="75ED89AFFFC7B33392A6FC2EFE2CFCAC" box="[444,510,940,967]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" type="male">5 ♂♂</specimenCount>
(2 dissected), 
<specimenCount id="75ED89AFFFC7B33391B0FC2EFD29FCAC" box="[682,763,940,967]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" type="female">10 ♀♀</specimenCount>
(3 dissected); 
<collectingMunicipality id="8330D85CFFC7B33390B2FC2EFBABFCAC" box="[936,1145,940,967]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">Badkhyz Reserve</collectingMunicipality>
, 
<location id="663414FDFFC7B333979FFC2EFA9CFCAD" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:EB42F330FFD8B33492A3FE8AFC4EFA38:663414FDFFC7B333979FFC2EFA9CFCAD" box="[1157,1358,940,966]" country="Turkmenistan" municipality="Badkhyz Reserve" name="Kyzyl-Jar Gorge" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">Kyzyl-Jar Gorge</location>
; 
<date id="175564E6FFC7B3339643FC2EFEE4FC82" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" value="1986-04-27">
<collectingDate id="07119D0EFFC7B3339643FC2EFEE4FC82" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" value="1986-04-27">27 Apr. 1986</collectingDate>
</date>
; 
<collectorName id="CE1E27F0FFC7B333925BFC52FE32FC82" box="[321,480,975,1002]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">A. Devyatkin</collectorName>
leg.; 
<collectionCode id="05FADAE3FFC7B3339139FC4DFD58FC82" box="[547,650,975,1001]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">EDMSU</collectionCode>
</materialsCitation>
• 
<materialsCitation id="D383487BFFC7B33391BEFC4DFE1FFB66" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3863902338" collectingDate="1986-04-27" collectionCode="EDMSU" collectorName="A. Devyatkin" country="Turkmenistan" location="Kyzyl-Jar Gorge" municipality="Badkhyz Reserve" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" specimenCount="3" specimenCount-female="1" specimenCount-male="2">
<specimenCount id="75ED89AFFFC7B33391BEFC4DFD34FC81" box="[676,742,975,1002]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" type="male">2 ♂♂</specimenCount>
(all dissected), 
<specimenCount id="75ED89AFFFC7B33390B8FC4DFC1CFC81" box="[930,974,975,1002]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" type="female">1 ♀</specimenCount>
(dissected); same collection data as for paratypes; 
<collectionCode id="05FADAE3FFC7B333927CFC71FE1FFB66" box="[358,461,1011,1037]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">EDMSU</collectionCode>
</materialsCitation>
• 
<materialsCitation id="D383487BFFC7B33392FFFC70FAA5FB66" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3863902315" box="[485,1399,1010,1037]" collectingDate="1987-04-30" collectionCode="EDMSU" collectorName="A. Devyatkin" country="Turkmenistan" location="Dushak" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" specimenCount="7" specimenCount-female="2" specimenCount-male="5">
<specimenCount id="75ED89AFFFC7B33392FFFC70FDF5FB66" box="[485,551,1010,1037]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" type="male">5 ♂♂</specimenCount>
(2 dissected), 
<specimenCount id="75ED89AFFFC7B33391CBFC71FCC6FB66" box="[721,788,1011,1037]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" type="female">2 ♀♀</specimenCount>
; 
<location id="663414FDFFC7B3339038FC70FCADFB67" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:EB42F330FFD8B33492A3FE8AFC4EFA38:663414FDFFC7B3339038FC70FCADFB67" box="[802,895,1010,1036]" country="Turkmenistan" name="Dushak" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">Dushak</location>
; 
<date id="175564E6FFC7B3339091FC71FBF4FB66" box="[907,1062,1011,1037]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" value="1987-04-30">
<collectingDate id="07119D0EFFC7B3339091FC71FBF4FB66" box="[907,1062,1011,1037]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" value="1987-04-30">30 Apr. 1987</collectingDate>
</date>
; 
<collectorName id="CE1E27F0FFC7B333972AFC71FB1CFB67" box="[1072,1230,1010,1037]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">A. Devyatkin</collectorName>
leg.; 
<collectionCode id="05FADAE3FFC7B333960AFC71FAA5FB66" box="[1296,1399,1011,1037]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">EDMSU</collectionCode>
</materialsCitation>
• 
<materialsCitation id="D383487BFFC7B33393D4FB94FC2BFB5B" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3863902302" box="[206,1017,1046,1072]" collectingDate="1987-05-04" collectionCode="EDMSU" collectorName="A. Devyatkin" country="Turkmenistan" location="Bakharden" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" specimenCount="1" specimenCount-female="1">
<specimenCount id="75ED89AFFFC7B33393D4FB94FF2BFB5B" box="[206,249,1046,1072]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" type="female">1 ♀</specimenCount>
(dissected); 
<location id="663414FDFFC7B3339297FB94FDC2FB5B" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:EB42F330FFD8B33492A3FE8AFC4EFA38:663414FDFFC7B3339297FB94FDC2FB5B" box="[397,528,1046,1072]" country="Turkmenistan" name="Bakharden" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">Bakharden</location>
; 
<date id="175564E6FFC7B3339101FB94FD79FB5B" box="[539,683,1046,1072]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" value="1987-05-04">
<collectingDate id="07119D0EFFC7B3339101FB94FD79FB5B" box="[539,683,1046,1072]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" value="1987-05-04">4 May 1987</collectingDate>
</date>
; 
<collectorName id="CE1E27F0FFC7B33391AEFB94FC83FB5B" box="[692,849,1046,1072]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">A. Devyatkin</collectorName>
leg.; 
<collectionCode id="05FADAE3FFC7B3339088FB94FC2BFB5B" box="[914,1017,1046,1072]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">EDMSU</collectionCode>
</materialsCitation>
• 
<materialsCitation id="D383487BFFC7B333970AFB94FD7BFB38" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3863902353" collectingDate="1987-05-01" collectionCode="EDMSU" collectorName="A. Devyatkin" country="Turkmenistan" location="Chaacha" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" specimenCount="2" specimenCount-female="2">
<specimenCount id="75ED89AFFFC7B333970AFB94FB83FB5B" box="[1040,1105,1046,1072]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" type="female">2 ♀♀</specimenCount>
(all dissected); 
<location id="663414FDFFC7B3339613FB94FAA0FB5B" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:EB42F330FFD8B33492A3FE8AFC4EFA38:663414FDFFC7B3339613FB94FAA0FB5B" box="[1289,1394,1046,1072]" country="Turkmenistan" name="Chaacha" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">Chaacha</location>
; 
<date id="175564E6FFC7B33393A7FBBBFE87FB38" box="[189,341,1081,1107]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" value="1987-05-01">
<collectingDate id="07119D0EFFC7B33393A7FBBBFE87FB38" box="[189,341,1081,1107]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" value="1987-05-01">1 May. 1987</collectingDate>
</date>
; 
<collectorName id="CE1E27F0FFC7B333927AFBBBFE2CFB38" box="[352,510,1081,1107]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">A. Devyatkin</collectorName>
leg.; 
<collectionCode id="05FADAE3FFC7B3339158FBBBFD7BFB38" box="[578,681,1081,1107]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">EDMSU</collectionCode>
</materialsCitation>
• 
<materialsCitation id="D383487BFFC7B33391D9FBBBFD8BFB1D" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3863902346" collectingDate="1992-04-25" collectionCode="EDMSU" collectorName="I. Pljusch" country="Turkmenistan" location="Sary-Yazy" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" specimenCount="61" specimenCount-female="33" specimenCount-male="28">
<specimenCount id="75ED89AFFFC7B33391D9FBBBFCC6FB38" box="[707,788,1081,1107]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" type="male">28 ♂♂</specimenCount>
(10 dissected), 
<specimenCount id="75ED89AFFFC7B33390D5FBBBFBF3FB38" box="[975,1057,1081,1107]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" type="female">33 ♀♀</specimenCount>
(5 dissected); 
<location id="663414FDFFC7B33397D5FBBBFA9FFB38" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:EB42F330FFD8B33492A3FE8AFC4EFA38:663414FDFFC7B33397D5FBBBFA9FFB38" box="[1231,1357,1081,1107]" country="Turkmenistan" name="Sary-Yazy" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">Sary-Yazy</location>
; 
<date id="175564E6FFC7B3339643FBBBFEE7FB1D" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" value="1992-04-25">
<collectingDate id="07119D0EFFC7B3339643FBBBFEE7FB1D" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" value="1992-04-25">25 Apr. 1992</collectingDate>
</date>
; 
<collectorName id="CE1E27F0FFC7B333925BFBDFFE62FB1D" box="[321,432,1116,1143]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">I. Pljusch</collectorName>
leg.; 
<collectionCode id="05FADAE3FFC7B33392E8FBDEFD8BFB1D" box="[498,601,1116,1142]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">EDMSU</collectionCode>
</materialsCitation>
• 
<materialsCitation id="D383487BFFC7B333916BFBDEFD43FBF2" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3863902326" collectingDate="1992-04-25" collectionCode="EDMSU" collectorName="S. Churkin" country="Turkmenistan" location="Sary-Yazy" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" specimenCount="39" specimenCount-female="21" specimenCount-male="18">
<specimenCount id="75ED89AFFFC7B333916BFBDEFD13FB1C" box="[625,705,1116,1143]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" type="male">18 ♂♂</specimenCount>
(6 dissected), 
<specimenCount id="75ED89AFFFC7B3339076FBDEFC6EFB1C" box="[876,956,1116,1143]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" type="female">21 ♀♀</specimenCount>
(3 dissected); same collection data as for preceding; 
<collectorName id="CE1E27F0FFC7B3339273FBFDFE3AFBF2" box="[361,488,1151,1177]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">S. Churkin</collectorName>
leg.; 
<collectionCode id="05FADAE3FFC7B3339130FBFDFD43FBF2" box="[554,657,1151,1177]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">EDMSU</collectionCode>
</materialsCitation>
• 
<materialsCitation id="D383487BFFC7B33391B3FBFDFEF6FBD6" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3863902333" collectingDate="1992-04-23" collectionCode="EDMSU" collectorName="S. Churkin" country="Turkmenistan" location="Sary-Yazy" municipality="Murgab river" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" specimenCount="1" specimenCount-male="1">
<specimenCount id="75ED89AFFFC7B33391B3FBFDFD0AFBF1" box="[681,728,1151,1178]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" type="male">1 ♂</specimenCount>
; 
<collectingMunicipality id="8330D85CFFC7B33391FEFBFDFC52FBF2" box="[740,896,1151,1177]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">Murgab river</collectingMunicipality>
, 
<location id="663414FDFFC7B3339096FBFDFBD8FBF2" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:EB42F330FFD8B33492A3FE8AFC4EFA38:663414FDFFC7B3339096FBFDFBD8FBF2" box="[908,1034,1151,1177]" country="Turkmenistan" municipality="Murgab river" name="Sary-Yazy" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">Sary-Yazy</location>
; 
<date id="175564E6FFC7B333970CFBFDFB63FBF2" box="[1046,1201,1151,1178]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" value="1992-04-23">
<collectingDate id="07119D0EFFC7B333970CFBFDFB63FBF2" box="[1046,1201,1151,1178]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" value="1992-04-23">23 Apr. 1992</collectingDate>
</date>
; 
<collectorName id="CE1E27F0FFC7B33397A7FBFDFAEEFBF2" box="[1213,1340,1151,1177]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">S. Churkin</collectorName>
leg.; 
<collectionCode id="05FADAE3FFC7B33393A7FB21FEF6FBD6" box="[189,292,1187,1213]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">EDMSU</collectionCode>
</materialsCitation>
• 
<materialsCitation id="D383487BFFC7B3339227FB21FAB7FBD6" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3863902339" box="[317,1381,1186,1213]" collectingDate="1991-04-22" collectionCode="EDMSU" collectorName="I. Pljusch" country="Turkmenistan" location="Zahmet station" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" specimenCount="3" specimenCount-female="1" specimenCount-male="2">
<specimenCount id="75ED89AFFFC7B3339227FB21FE52FBD6" box="[317,384,1187,1213]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" type="male">2 ♂♂</specimenCount>
, 
<specimenCount id="75ED89AFFFC7B3339297FB21FE68FBD6" box="[397,442,1187,1213]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" type="female">1 ♀</specimenCount>
; 
<locationDeviation id="72E65B04FFC7B33392D3FB21FD0EFBD7" box="[457,732,1186,1213]" location="Bairam-Ali" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">
<quantity id="A413EFC3FFC7B33392D3FB21FDC0FBD7" box="[457,530,1186,1213]" metricMagnitude="4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.0" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" unit="km" value="30.0">30 km</quantity>
E of Bairam-Ali
</locationDeviation>
, 
<location id="663414FDFFC7B33391FDFB20FC48FBD7" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:EB42F330FFD8B33492A3FE8AFC4EFA38:663414FDFFC7B33391FDFB20FC48FBD7" box="[743,922,1186,1212]" country="Turkmenistan" name="Zahmet station" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">Zahmet station</location>
; 
<date id="175564E6FFC7B33390BCFB21FB93FBD6" box="[934,1089,1187,1213]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" value="1991-04-22">
<collectingDate id="07119D0EFFC7B33390BCFB21FB93FBD6" box="[934,1089,1187,1213]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" value="1991-04-22">22 Apr. 1991</collectingDate>
</date>
; 
<collectorName id="CE1E27F0FFC7B3339757FB21FB6EFBD7" box="[1101,1212,1186,1213]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">I. Pljusch</collectorName>
leg.; 
<collectionCode id="05FADAE3FFC7B33397E4FB21FAB7FBD6" box="[1278,1381,1187,1213]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">EDMSU</collectionCode>
</materialsCitation>
• 
<materialsCitation id="D383487BFFC7B33393A7FB44FE8DFA68" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3863902303" collectingDate="1979-04-06" collectionCode="EDMSU" collectorName="B. Sokolov" country="Turkmenistan" location="Mary-Tedjen" municipality="Kara-Kum Des." pageId="16" pageNumber="17" specimenCount="1" specimenCount-male="1" stateProvince="Mary Welayaty">
<specimenCount id="75ED89AFFFC7B33393A7FB44FF3BFB8B" box="[189,233,1222,1248]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" type="male">1 ♂</specimenCount>
(dissected); 
<collectingMunicipality id="8330D85CFFC7B333929AFB44FDEFFB8B" box="[384,573,1222,1248]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">Kara-Kum Des.</collectingMunicipality>
, 
<quantity id="A413EFC3FFC7B3339153FB44FD41FB8B" box="[585,659,1222,1248]" metricMagnitude="4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.0" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" unit="km" value="30.0">30 km</quantity>
of 
<location id="663414FDFFC7B33391A1FB44FC85FB8B" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:EB42F330FFD8B33492A3FE8AFC4EFA38:663414FDFFC7B33391A1FB44FC85FB8B" box="[699,855,1222,1248]" country="Turkmenistan" municipality="Kara-Kum Des." name="Mary-Tedjen" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" stateProvince="Mary Welayaty">Mary-Tedjen</location>
, 
<locationDeviation id="72E65B04FFC7B3339079FB44FB99FB8B" box="[867,1099,1222,1248]" location="Mary" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">
<quantity id="A413EFC3FFC7B3339079FB44FC7FFB8B" box="[867,941,1222,1248]" metricMagnitude="4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.0" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" unit="km" value="30.0">30 km</quantity>
SW of 
<collectingRegion id="A12F8CC4FFC7B3339712FB44FB99FB8B" box="[1032,1099,1222,1248]" country="Turkmenistan" name="Mary Welayaty" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">Mary</collectingRegion>
</locationDeviation>
; 
<date id="175564E6FFC7B3339742FB44FB34FB8B" box="[1112,1254,1222,1248]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" value="1979-04-06">
<collectingDate id="07119D0EFFC7B3339742FB44FB34FB8B" box="[1112,1254,1222,1248]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" value="1979-04-06">6 Apr. 1979</collectingDate>
</date>
; 
<collectorName id="CE1E27F0FFC7B33397E8FB44FAA5FB8B" box="[1266,1399,1222,1248]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">B. Sokolov</collectorName>
leg.; 
<collectionCode id="05FADAE3FFC7B33393E2FB6BFE8DFA68" box="[248,351,1257,1283]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">EDMSU</collectionCode>
</materialsCitation>
• 
<materialsCitation id="D383487BFFC7B333926DFB6BFCF9FA68" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3863902335" box="[375,811,1257,1283]" collectingDate="1992-04-24" collectionCode="EDMSU" country="Turkmenistan" location="Kushka" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" specimenCount="1" specimenCount-female="1">
<specimenCount id="75ED89AFFFC7B333926DFB6BFE76FA68" box="[375,420,1257,1283]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" type="female">1 ♀</specimenCount>
; 
<location id="663414FDFFC7B33392A9FB6BFDC2FA68" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:EB42F330FFD8B33492A3FE8AFC4EFA38:663414FDFFC7B33392A9FB6BFDC2FA68" box="[435,528,1257,1283]" country="Turkmenistan" name="Kushka" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">Kushka</location>
; 
<date id="175564E6FFC7B3339106FB6BFD6AFA68" box="[540,696,1257,1283]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" value="1992-04-24">
<collectingDate id="07119D0EFFC7B3339106FB6BFD6AFA68" box="[540,696,1257,1283]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" value="1992-04-24">24 Apr. 1992</collectingDate>
</date>
; 
<collectionCode id="05FADAE3FFC7B33391DEFB6BFCF9FA68" box="[708,811,1257,1283]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">EDMSU</collectionCode>
</materialsCitation>
• 
<materialsCitation id="D383487BFFC7B333905EFB6BFEB7FA4D" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3863902334" collectingDate="1977-04" collectionCode="ZMMSU" collectorName="V. Potopolskiy" country="Turkmenistan" location="Bairam-Ali" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" specimenCount="1" specimenCount-female="1">
<specimenCount id="75ED89AFFFC7B333905EFB6BFCA3FA68" box="[836,881,1257,1283]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" type="female">1 ♀</specimenCount>
; 
<location id="663414FDFFC7B333909AFB6BFBD4FA68" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:EB42F330FFD8B33492A3FE8AFC4EFA38:663414FDFFC7B333909AFB6BFBD4FA68" box="[896,1030,1257,1283]" country="Turkmenistan" name="Bairam-Ali" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">Bairam-Ali</location>
vic.; 
<date id="175564E6FFC7B333975CFB6BFB6CFA68" box="[1094,1214,1257,1283]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" value="1977-04">
<collectingDate id="07119D0EFFC7B333975CFB6BFB6CFA68" box="[1094,1214,1257,1283]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" value="1977-04">Apr. 1977</collectingDate>
</date>
; 
<collectorName id="CE1E27F0FFC7B33397D0FB6BFAA4FA68" box="[1226,1398,1257,1283]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">V. Potopolskiy</collectorName>
leg.; 
<collectionCode id="05FADAE3FFC7B33393E3FA8EFEB7FA4D" box="[249,357,1292,1318]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">ZMMSU</collectionCode>
</materialsCitation>
• 
<materialsCitation id="D383487BFFC7B333929AFA8EFDA5FA4C" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3863902322" box="[384,631,1292,1319]" collectionCode="ZIN" country="Turkmenistan" location="Repetek" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" specimenCount="2" specimenCount-male="2">
<specimenCount id="75ED89AFFFC7B333929AFA8EFE15FA4C" box="[384,455,1292,1319]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" type="male">2 ♂♂</specimenCount>
; 
<location id="663414FDFFC7B33392CFFA8EFDEBFA4D" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:EB42F330FFD8B33492A3FE8AFC4EFA38:663414FDFFC7B33392CFFA8EFDEBFA4D" box="[469,569,1292,1318]" country="Turkmenistan" name="Repetek" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">Repetek</location>
; 
<collectionCode id="05FADAE3FFC7B333915CFA8FFDA5FA4C" box="[582,631,1293,1319]" country="Russia" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/z2y8-2jfr" name="Russian Academy of Sciences, Zoological Institute, Zoological Museum" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" type="Museum">ZIN</collectionCode>
</materialsCitation>
• 
<materialsCitation id="D383487BFFC7B3339188FA8EFEA5FA22" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3863902342" collectingDate="1992-04-24" collectingDateMax="1992-04-25" collectingDateMin="1992-04-24" collectorName="S. Churkin" country="Turkmenistan" location="Sary-Yazy" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" specimenCount="23" specimenCount-female="12" specimenCount-male="11">
<specimenCount id="75ED89AFFFC7B3339188FA8EFD37FA4C" box="[658,741,1292,1319]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" type="male">11 ♂♂</specimenCount>
, 
<specimenCount id="75ED89AFFFC7B33391E9FA8EFC94FA4C" box="[755,838,1292,1319]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" type="female">12 ♀♀</specimenCount>
; 
<location id="663414FDFFC7B333904CFA8EFC06FA4D" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:EB42F330FFD8B33492A3FE8AFC4EFA38:663414FDFFC7B333904CFA8EFC06FA4D" box="[854,980,1292,1318]" country="Turkmenistan" name="Sary-Yazy" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">Sary-Yazy</location>
; 
<date id="175564E6FFC7B33390F8FA8EFB7EFA4D" box="[994,1196,1292,1319]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" value="1992-04-24" valueMax="1992-04-25" valueMin="1992-04-24">
<collectingDate id="07119D0EFFC7B33390F8FA8EFB7EFA4D" box="[994,1196,1292,1319]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" value="1992-04-24" valueMax="1992-04-25" valueMin="1992-04-24">24–25 Apr. 1992</collectingDate>
</date>
; 
<collectorName id="CE1E27F0FFC7B33397A0FA8EFAE8FA4D" box="[1210,1338,1292,1318]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">S. Churkin</collectorName>
leg.; coll. 
<collectorName id="CE1E27F0FFC7B33393E2FAADFEA5FA22" box="[248,375,1327,1353]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">S. Churkin</collectorName>
</materialsCitation>
• 
<materialsCitation id="D383487BFFC7B333928BFAADFB36FA22" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3863902304" box="[401,1252,1327,1354]" collectingDate="1993-04-25" collectorName="S. Churkin" country="Turkmenistan" location="Sary-Yazy" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" specimenCount="4" specimenCount-female="2" specimenCount-male="2">
<specimenCount id="75ED89AFFFC7B333928BFAADFE07FA21" box="[401,469,1327,1354]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" type="male">2 ♂♂</specimenCount>
, 
<specimenCount id="75ED89AFFFC7B33392F8FAADFDF4FA21" box="[482,550,1327,1354]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" type="female">2 ♀♀</specimenCount>
; 
<location id="663414FDFFC7B333912FFAADFD61FA22" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:EB42F330FFD8B33492A3FE8AFC4EFA38:663414FDFFC7B333912FFAADFD61FA22" box="[565,691,1327,1353]" country="Turkmenistan" name="Sary-Yazy" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">Sary-Yazy</location>
; 
<date id="175564E6FFC7B33391A5FAADFC89FA22" box="[703,859,1327,1354]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" value="1993-04-25">
<collectingDate id="07119D0EFFC7B33391A5FAADFC89FA22" box="[703,859,1327,1354]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" value="1993-04-25">25 Apr. 1993</collectingDate>
</date>
; 
<collectorName id="CE1E27F0FFC7B3339072FAADFC35FA22" box="[872,999,1327,1353]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">S. Churkin</collectorName>
leg.; coll. 
<collectorName id="CE1E27F0FFC7B333977FFAADFB36FA22" box="[1125,1252,1327,1353]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">S. Churkin</collectorName>
</materialsCitation>
• 
<materialsCitation id="D383487BFFC7B33397E4FAADFB52FA07" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3863902329" collectingDate="1987-04-18" collectorName="A. Kotlobay" country="Turkmenistan" location="Sary-Yazy" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" specimenCount="1" specimenCount-male="1">
<specimenCount id="75ED89AFFFC7B33397E4FAADFAFFFA21" box="[1278,1325,1327,1354]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" type="male">1 ♂</specimenCount>
; same collection data as for preceding; 
<date id="175564E6FFC7B3339127FAD1FD0AFA06" box="[573,728,1363,1389]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" value="1987-04-18">
<collectingDate id="07119D0EFFC7B3339127FAD1FD0AFA06" box="[573,728,1363,1389]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" value="1987-04-18">18 Apr. 1987</collectingDate>
</date>
; 
<collectorName id="CE1E27F0FFC7B33391F9FAD1FCA6FA07" box="[739,884,1362,1389]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">A. Kotlobay</collectorName>
leg.; coll. 
<collectorName id="CE1E27F0FFC7B33390F5FAD1FB52FA07" box="[1007,1152,1362,1389]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">A. Kotlobay</collectorName>
</materialsCitation>
• 
<materialsCitation id="D383487BFFC7B3339783FAD1FB53FAFB" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3863902347" collectingDate="1993-04-18" collectorName="A. Kotlobay" country="Turkmenistan" location="Sary-Yazy" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" specimenCount="4" specimenCount-female="2" specimenCount-male="2">
<specimenCount id="75ED89AFFFC7B3339783FAD1FB0FFA06" box="[1177,1245,1363,1389]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" type="male">2 ♂♂</specimenCount>
, 
<specimenCount id="75ED89AFFFC7B33397F3FAD1FAFEFA06" box="[1257,1324,1363,1389]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" type="female">2 ♀♀</specimenCount>
, same collection data as for preceding; 
<date id="175564E6FFC7B3339127FAF4FD0BFAFB" box="[573,729,1398,1424]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" value="1993-04-18">
<collectingDate id="07119D0EFFC7B3339127FAF4FD0BFAFB" box="[573,729,1398,1424]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" value="1993-04-18">18 Apr. 1993</collectingDate>
</date>
; 
<collectorName id="CE1E27F0FFC7B33391FEFAF4FCA7FAFB" box="[740,885,1398,1424]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">A. Kotlobay</collectorName>
leg.; coll. 
<collectorName id="CE1E27F0FFC7B33390EAFAF4FB53FAFB" box="[1008,1153,1398,1424]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">A. Kotlobay</collectorName>
</materialsCitation>
• 
<materialsCitation id="D383487BFFC7B3339780FAF4FC15FAD8" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3863902323" collectingDate="1987-04-15" collectorName="A. Kotlobay." country="Turkmenistan" location="Reg." pageId="16" pageNumber="17" specimenCount="1" specimenCount-female="1" stateProvince="Mary Welayaty">
<specimenCount id="75ED89AFFFC7B3339780FAF4FB15FAFB" box="[1178,1223,1398,1424]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" type="female">1 ♀</specimenCount>
; 
<collectingRegion id="A12F8CC4FFC7B33397CCFAF4FAC4FAFB" box="[1238,1302,1398,1424]" country="Turkmenistan" name="Mary Welayaty" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">Mary</collectingRegion>
<location id="663414FDFFC7B3339607FAF4FA84FAFB" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:EB42F330FFD8B33492A3FE8AFC4EFA38:663414FDFFC7B3339607FAF4FA84FAFB" box="[1309,1366,1398,1424]" country="Turkmenistan" name="Reg." pageId="16" pageNumber="17" stateProvince="Mary Welayaty">Reg.</location>
, 
<collectorName id="CE1E27F0FFC7B3339678FAF4FE91FAD8" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">v. Bairam-Ali</collectorName>
vic.; 
<date id="175564E6FFC7B333929FFA1BFDF2FAD8" box="[389,544,1433,1460]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" value="1987-04-15">
<collectingDate id="07119D0EFFC7B333929FFA1BFDF2FAD8" box="[389,544,1433,1460]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" value="1987-04-15">15 Apr. 1987</collectingDate>
</date>
; 
<collectorName id="CE1E27F0FFC7B3339131FA1BFD6EFAD8" box="[555,700,1433,1459]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">A. Kotlobay</collectorName>
leg; coll. 
<collectorName id="CE1E27F0FFC7B333902AFA1BFC15FAD8" box="[816,967,1433,1459]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">A. Kotlobay.</collectorName>
</materialsCitation>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="2BF111ADFFC7B33693A7FA58FAE9FCA9" lastPageId="21" lastPageNumber="22" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" type="description">
<paragraph id="63544226FFC7B33393A7FA58FEB9FA9F" blockId="16.[189,363,1498,1524]" box="[189,363,1498,1524]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">
<heading id="381CF54AFFC7B33393A7FA58FEB9FA9F" bold="true" box="[189,363,1498,1524]" fontSize="11" level="3" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" reason="3">
<emphasis id="519F9E34FFC7B33393A7FA58FEB9FA9F" bold="true" box="[189,363,1498,1524]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">Redescription</emphasis>
</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="63544226FFC7B33393F0F98BFE29F948" blockId="16.[189,1400,1545,1993]" box="[234,507,1545,1571]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">
<emphasis id="519F9E34FFC7B33393F0F98BFEF8F948" bold="true" box="[234,298,1545,1571]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">Male</emphasis>
(
<figureCitation id="FBD05EA3FFC7B3339220F98BFE21F948" box="[314,499,1545,1571]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="17.[189,232,1918,1944]" captionTargetBox="[193,1394,951,1876]" captionTargetId="figure-265@17.[189,1398,948,1880]" captionTargetPageId="17" captionText="Fig. 9. Adults of Melitaea timandra timandra Coutsis &amp; van Oorschot, 2014. A–H. UPS. I–P. UNS. A–D. ♂, Turkmenistan, Sary-Yazy, alt. 300 m. E–H. ♀, Turkmenistan, Sary-Yazy, alt. 300 m. I–L. ♂, Turkmenistan, Sary-Yazy, alt. 300 m. M–P. ♀, Turkmenistan, Sary-Yazy, alt. 300 m." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6839867" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6839867/files/figure.png" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">Fig. 9A–D, I–L</figureCitation>
)
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="63544226FFC7B33393A7F9AFFECDF8A2" blockId="16.[189,1400,1545,1993]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">
WINGS. FW length is 
<quantity id="A413EFC3FFC7B33392ADF9AEFD9DF92C" box="[439,591,1580,1607]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.975" metricValueMax="2.15" metricValueMin="1.8" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" unit="mm" value="19.75" valueMax="21.5" valueMin="18.0">18–21.5 mm</quantity>
, in the 
<typeStatus id="BC50FC84FFC7B33391BFF9AEFCDEF92D" box="[677,780,1580,1606]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
<quantity id="A413EFC3FFC7B3339009F9AEFCADF92C" box="[787,895,1580,1607]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.95" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" unit="mm" value="19.5">19.5 mm</quantity>
, in the 
<typeStatus id="BC50FC84FFC7B33390CEF9AFFBEBF92C" box="[980,1081,1581,1607]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" type="paratype">paratype</typeStatus>
<quantity id="A413EFC3FFC7B333975BF9AEFB45F92C" box="[1089,1175,1580,1607]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.1" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" unit="mm" value="21.0">21 mm</quantity>
. UPS ground color is bright yellow-orange. UPS black pattern is partly reduced; thin UPS black marginal border with well-defined marginal spots along the outer edge of the wings; UPS submarginal row formed by fine black spots or strokes; UPF discal row represented by rather small black spots usually fused near the costa; UPF postdiscal pale area, located behind the black discal spots, represented by disconnected pale-yellowish macules located along the entire length. There is a weak pale-yellowish macule in the distal part of the discoidal cell; UPH discal row is absent; UPH basal suffusion is poorly developed and covers no more than ¼ of the wing surface. UNF is yellow-orange with a well-defined whitish postdiscal macules and pale area of the outer edge of the wing between the veins Sc and M2; and along the outer edge of the wing between the veins Sc and M2. UNH ground color is white, without admixture of dark scales. UNH lunules forming the proximal edge of submarginal orange fascia are usually not sharply pointed.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="63544226FFC6B33293A7FE8BFC29FE9D" blockId="17.[188,1401,265,503]" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">
MALE GENITALIA (
<figureCitation id="FBD05EA3FFC6B3329291FE8BFDC9FE48" box="[395,539,265,291]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="18.[189,232,1819,1845]" captionTargetBox="[216,1371,268,1778]" captionTargetId="figure-16@18.[214,1372,265,1781]" captionTargetPageId="18" captionText="Fig. 10. Male genitalia (a = valva; b = aedeagus). A–F. Melitaea timandra timandra Coutsis &amp; van Oorschot, 2014. G–O. M. timandra binaludica subsp. nov. A–C. S Turkmenistan, Sary-Yazy, alt. 300 m. D. Paratype, Turkmenistan, Badhyz Reserve, Kepeli. E–F. S Turkmenistan, Sary-Yazy, alt. 300 m. G–L. Iran, Rezavi Khorassan Prov., Kuh-e-Binalud Mts, Dorrud v. vicinity, alt. 2430 m. M. Central Afghanistan, Bamian Prov., Band-e-Amir, Dzhudoi-Kvak Gorge, alt. 3200 m. N. Bande-Amir, Hazarajat, Afghanistan. O. Afghanistan, Bamian Prov., Band-e-Amir, alt. 3200 m." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6839869" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6839869/files/figure.png" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">FigS 10A–F</figureCitation>
, 
<figureCitation id="FBD05EA3FFC6B3329133FE8BFD52FE48" box="[553,640,265,291]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="26.[189,232,1847,1873]" captionTargetBox="[276,1315,271,1797]" captionTargetId="figure-17@26.[261,1325,263,1804]" captionTargetPageId="26" captionText="Fig. 17. Male genitalia (without aedeagus) in dorsal projection. A–C. Melitaea timandra timandra Coutsis &amp; van Oorschot, 2014. D–I. M. timandra binaludica subsp. nov. A–C. S Turkmenistan, Sary- Yazy, alt. 300 m. D–F. Iran, Rezavi Khorassan Prov., Kuh-e-Binalud Mts, Dorrud v. vicinity, alt. 2430 m. G. Iran, Horossan Prov., 35 km N of Birjant t. H. Afghanistan, Bamian Prov., Band-e-Amir, alt. 3200 m. I. Central Afghanistan, Bamian Prov., Band-e-Amir, Dzhudoi-Kvak Gorge, alt. 3200 m." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6839887" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6839887/files/figure.png" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">17A–C</figureCitation>
, 
<figureCitation id="FBD05EA3FFC6B3329195FE8BFD35FE48" box="[655,743,265,291]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="28.[189,232,1853,1879]" captionTargetBox="[192,1398,692,1812]" captionTargetId="figure-178@28.[189,1398,689,1813]" captionTargetPageId="28" captionText="Fig. 19. Male genitalia and harpe. A–C. Melitaea timandra timandra Coutsis &amp; van Oorschot, 2014. D–I. M. timandra binaludica subsp. nov. A–C. Turkmenistan, Sary-Yazy, alt. 300 m. D–F. Iran, Rezavi Khorassan Prov., Kuh-e-Binalud Mts, Dorrud v. vicinity, alt. 2430 m. G. Afghanistan, Bamian Prov., Band-e-Amir, alt. 3200 m. H. Afghanistan, Bamian Prov., Band-e-Amir, Dzhudoi-Kvak Gorge, alt. 3200 m. I. Afghanistan, Band-e-Amir, Hazarajat." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6839893" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6839893/files/figure.png" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">19A–C</figureCitation>
, 
<figureCitation id="FBD05EA3FFC6B33291ECFE8BFCFAFE48" box="[758,808,265,291]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="47.[189,232,1750,1776]" captionTargetBox="[273,1315,270,1661]" captionTargetId="figure-11@47.[270,1317,265,1713]" captionTargetPageId="47" captionText="Fig.29.Differencesinthestructureofvalvaandaedeagusofthelutko speciesgroup.A.Melitaeashahvarica sp. nov. B, D, H. M. timandra binaludica subsp. nov. C–E. M. mimetica Higgins, 1940. F. M. lutko Evans, 1932. G. M. timandra timandra Coutsis &amp;van Oorschot, 2014. A. Iran, Semnan Prov., Shahrud area, S macroslope of Shahvar Mts, alt. 2200–2400 m. B. Iran, Rezavi Khorassan Prov., Kuh-e-Binalud Mts, Dorrud v. vicinity, alt. 2430 m. C. Afghanistan, Bamian Prov., Punjub Distr., 10 km NE of Varas v., alt. 2400 m. D. Afghanistan, Band-i-Amir, Hazarajat. E. Pakistan, Balochistan, Quetta, Urak, alt. 2400– 2700 m. F. Pakistan, Chitral, Gol National Park, alt. 2700 m. G. Turkmenistan, Sary-Yazy, alt. 700 m. H. Iran, Rezavi Khorassan Prov., Kuh-e-Binalud Mts, Dorrud v. vicinity, alt. 2430 m." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6839915" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6839915/files/figure.png" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">29G</figureCitation>
). Valva is elongated, its length is 2 times greater than the width with a relatively short and wide caudal process, with a spine on the dorsal side of its distal part. Harpe is thickened in the central part due to the presence of teeth on the inner surface. Aedeagus with a slightly convex dorsal edge, its posterior part is mostly located at an angle to the anterior part and is directed downward. When both parts of the aedeagus are joined, there is a well-marked protrusion on the ventral side. Thin saccus is pointed distally, its length is 2 times greater than the width. In some specimens saccus is deeply divided into relatively wide rounded lobes.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="63544226FFC6B33293F0FD9CFDF0FD53" blockId="17.[188,1399,542,709]" box="[234,546,542,568]" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">
<emphasis id="519F9E34FFC6B33293F0FD9CFE97FD53" bold="true" box="[234,325,542,568]" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">Female</emphasis>
(
<figureCitation id="FBD05EA3FFC6B332924CFD9CFDC8FD53" box="[342,538,542,568]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="17.[189,232,1918,1944]" captionTargetBox="[193,1394,951,1876]" captionTargetId="figure-265@17.[189,1398,948,1880]" captionTargetPageId="17" captionText="Fig. 9. Adults of Melitaea timandra timandra Coutsis &amp; van Oorschot, 2014. A–H. UPS. I–P. UNS. A–D. ♂, Turkmenistan, Sary-Yazy, alt. 300 m. E–H. ♀, Turkmenistan, Sary-Yazy, alt. 300 m. I–L. ♂, Turkmenistan, Sary-Yazy, alt. 300 m. M–P. ♀, Turkmenistan, Sary-Yazy, alt. 300 m." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6839867" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6839867/files/figure.png" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">Fig. 9E–H, M–P</figureCitation>
)
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="63544226FFC6B33293A7FDC3FB17FDAF" blockId="17.[188,1399,542,709]" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">
WINGS. FW length is 
<quantity id="A413EFC3FFC6B33292ABFDC3FDE0FD30" box="[433,562,577,604]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.25" metricValueMax="2.5" metricValueMin="2.0" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" unit="mm" value="22.5" valueMax="25.0" valueMin="20.0">20–25 mm</quantity>
, the 
<typeStatus id="BC50FC84FFC6B332917FFDC3FD18FD30" box="[613,714,577,603]" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" type="paratype">paratype</typeStatus>
is 
<quantity id="A413EFC3FFC6B33291F0FDC3FCECFD30" box="[746,830,577,603]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.2" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" unit="mm" value="22.0">22 mm</quantity>
. UPS ground color is pale orange-red. Externally the female is similar to the male, but UPF postdiscal pale-yellowish area is well expressed. There is a well-defined pale macule in the discoidal cell. UPF submarginal row is represented by thin black strokes. UPH black discal row is usually absent. UNS pattern is similar to that of males.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="63544226FFC6B33293A7FD6EFD4CFC27" blockId="17.[189,1400,748,844]" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">
FEMALE GENITALIA (
<figureCitation id="FBD05EA3FFC6B3329284FD6EFDFEFC6D" box="[414,556,748,774]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="19.[189,232,1732,1758]" captionTargetBox="[192,1393,270,1668]" captionTargetId="figure-11@19.[189,1398,265,1675]" captionTargetPageId="19" captionText="Fig. 11. Female genitalia (without the anal papillae, copulatory bursa, and anterior and posterior apophyses). A–C. Melitaea timandra timandra Coutsis &amp; van Oorschot, 2014, S Turkmenistan, Sary- Yazy, alt. 300 m. D–I. M. timandra binaludica subsp. nov. D–F. Iran, Rezavi Khorassan Prov., Kuh-e- Binalud Mts, Dorrud v. vicinity, alt. 2430 m. G–H. Iran, Mazandaran Prov., S macroslopes of Albors Mts, 80 km SE of Sari, 5 km NE of Foulad Mahhaleh v., E slopes of Sultan Kuh Mt., alt. 2000 m. I. Afghanistan, Bamian Prov., Band-e-Amir, alt. 3200 m." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6839871" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6839871/files/figure.png" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">
Fig. 11A 
<emphasis id="519F9E34FFC6B332911DFD6FFDC4FC6D" box="[519,534,749,774]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">–</emphasis>
C
</figureCitation>
). The postvaginal plate is rounded-triangular in shape. The antevaginal plate is narrow in the dorsoventral direction, its outer edge does not go beyond the boundaries of the bend of the postvaginal plate (auricules).
</paragraph>
<caption id="379412AEFFC6B33293A7F8FCFB4CF8B4" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6839867" ID-Zenodo-Dep="6839867" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6839867/files/figure.png" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" startId="17.[189,232,1918,1944]" targetBox="[193,1394,951,1876]" targetPageId="17">
<paragraph id="63544226FFC6B33293A7F8FCFB4CF8B4" blockId="17.[189,1399,1918,2015]" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">
<emphasis id="519F9E34FFC6B33293A7F8FCFEDFF8F3" bold="true" box="[189,269,1918,1944]" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">Fig. 9.</emphasis>
Adults of 
<taxonomicName id="A4EB39A5FFC6B332928BF8FCFB89F8F2" authority="Coutsis &amp; van Oorschot, 2014" authorityName="Coutsis &amp; van Oorschot" authorityYear="2014" box="[401,1115,1918,1945]" class="Insecta" family="Nymphalidae" genus="Melitaea" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subSpecies" species="timandra" subSpecies="timandra">
<emphasis id="519F9E34FFC6B332928BF8FCFD30F8F3" box="[401,738,1918,1944]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">Melitaea timandra timandra</emphasis>
Coutsis &amp; 
<bibRefCitation id="077A3FD7FFC6B3329077F8FDFB89F8F2" author="Van Oorschot H. &amp; Coutsis J. G." box="[877,1115,1918,1945]" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" refId="ref31081" refString="Van Oorschot H. &amp; Coutsis J. G. 2014. The Genus Melitaea Fabricius, 1807 (Lepidoptera, Nymphalidae, Nymphalinae). Taxonomy and Systematics with Special Reference to the Male Genitalia. Tshikolovets publication, Pardubice." type="book" year="2014">van Oorschot, 2014</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
. 
<emphasis id="519F9E34FFC6B3329772F8FCFB73F8F2" bold="true" box="[1128,1185,1918,1945]" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">
A 
<emphasis id="519F9E34FFC6B3329766F8FDFB59F8F2" bold="true" box="[1148,1163,1919,1945]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">–</emphasis>
H
</emphasis>
. UPS. 
<emphasis id="519F9E34FFC6B33297E0F8FDFAF6F8F2" bold="true" box="[1274,1316,1919,1945]" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">
I 
<emphasis id="519F9E34FFC6B3329619F8FDFAC0F8F2" bold="true" box="[1283,1298,1919,1945]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">–</emphasis>
P
</emphasis>
. UNS. 
<emphasis id="519F9E34FFC6B33293A5F823FF24F8D0" bold="true" box="[191,246,1953,1979]" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">A–D</emphasis>
. ♂, Turkmenistan, Sary-Yazy, alt. 300 m. 
<emphasis id="519F9E34FFC6B33291F6F820FCF4F8D7" bold="true" box="[748,806,1954,1980]" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">E–H</emphasis>
. ♀, Turkmenistan, Sary-Yazy, alt. 300 m. 
<emphasis id="519F9E34FFC6B3329606F820FA9BF8D7" bold="true" box="[1308,1353,1954,1980]" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">I–L</emphasis>
. ♂, Turkmenistan, Sary-Yazy, alt. 300 m. 
<emphasis id="519F9E34FFC6B3329160F847FD64F8B4" bold="true" box="[634,694,1989,2015]" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">M–P</emphasis>
. ♀, Turkmenistan, Sary-Yazy, alt. 300 m.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<caption id="379412AEFFC5B33193A7F899FAA5F88D" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6839869" ID-Zenodo-Dep="6839869" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6839869/files/figure.png" pageId="18" pageNumber="19" startId="18.[189,232,1819,1845]" targetBox="[216,1371,268,1778]" targetPageId="18">
<paragraph id="63544226FFC5B33193A7F899FAA5F88D" blockId="18.[189,1399,1819,2022]" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">
<emphasis id="519F9E34FFC5B33193A7F899FEF3F85E" bold="true" box="[189,289,1819,1845]" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">Fig. 10.</emphasis>
Male genitalia (a = valva; b = aedeagus). 
<emphasis id="519F9E34FFC5B331905CF899FCAEF85E" bold="true" box="[838,892,1819,1845]" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">A–F</emphasis>
. 
<taxonomicName id="A4EB39A5FFC5B331908BF899FE60F833" authority="Coutsis &amp; van Oorschot, 2014" authorityName="Coutsis &amp; van Oorschot" authorityYear="2014" class="Insecta" family="Nymphalidae" genus="Melitaea" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="18" pageNumber="19" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subSpecies" species="timandra" subSpecies="timandra">
<emphasis id="519F9E34FFC5B331908BF899FB3FF85E" box="[913,1261,1819,1845]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">Melitaea timandra timandra</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="077A3FD7FFC5B33197E0F899FE60F833" author="Van Oorschot H. &amp; Coutsis J. G." journalOrPublisher="Tshikolovets publication, Pardubice" pageId="18" pageNumber="19" refId="ref31081" refString="Van Oorschot H. &amp; Coutsis J. G. 2014. The Genus Melitaea Fabricius, 1807 (Lepidoptera, Nymphalidae, Nymphalinae). Taxonomy and Systematics with Special Reference to the Male Genitalia. Tshikolovets publication, Pardubice." title="The Genus Melitaea Fabricius, 1807 (Lepidoptera, Nymphalidae, Nymphalinae). Taxonomy and Systematics with Special Reference to the Male Genitalia" type="book" year="2014">Coutsis &amp; van Oorschot, 2014</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
. 
<emphasis id="519F9E34FFC5B33192D8F8BCFE2DF833" bold="true" box="[450,511,1854,1880]" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">G–O</emphasis>
. 
<taxonomicName id="A4EB39A5FFC5B3319109F8BDFCE7F833" authority="Kolesnichenko &amp; Kotlobay, 2022" authorityName="Kolesnichenko &amp; Kotlobay" authorityYear="2022" box="[531,821,1854,1880]" class="Insecta" family="Nymphalidae" genus="Melitaea" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="18" pageNumber="19" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subSpecies" species="timandra" status="subsp. nov." subSpecies="binaludica">
<emphasis id="519F9E34FFC5B3319109F8BDFCE7F833" box="[531,821,1854,1880]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">M. timandra binaludica</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="4AAC234FFFC5B3319058F8BCFC19F832" box="[834,971,1854,1881]" pageId="18" pageNumber="19" rank="subSpecies">subsp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
<emphasis id="519F9E34FFC5B33190CDF8BCFBC2F833" bold="true" box="[983,1040,1854,1880]" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">A–C</emphasis>
. S Turkmenistan, Sary-Yazy, alt. 300 m. 
<emphasis id="519F9E34FFC5B3319255F8E0FEB6F817" bold="true" box="[335,356,1890,1916]" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">D</emphasis>
. Paratype, Turkmenistan, Badhyz Reserve, Kepeli. 
<emphasis id="519F9E34FFC5B33190C4F8E0FBC0F817" bold="true" box="[990,1042,1890,1916]" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">E–F</emphasis>
. S Turkmenistan, Sary-Yazy, alt. 300 m. 
<emphasis id="519F9E34FFC5B3319250F806FE51F8F5" bold="true" box="[330,387,1924,1950]" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">G–L</emphasis>
. Iran, Rezavi Khorassan Prov., Kuh-e-Binalud Mts, Dorrud 
<taxonomicName id="A4EB39A5FFC5B3319747F807FB05F8F4" box="[1117,1239,1925,1951]" pageId="18" pageNumber="19" rank="variety" variety="vicinity">v. vicinity</taxonomicName>
, alt. 2430 m. 
<emphasis id="519F9E34FFC5B33193A7F82AFF0BF8A9" bold="true" box="[189,217,1960,1986]" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">M</emphasis>
. Central Afghanistan, Bamian Prov., Band-e-Amir, Dzhudoi-Kvak Gorge, alt. 3200 m. 
<emphasis id="519F9E34FFC5B331961DF82AFACEF8A9" bold="true" box="[1287,1308,1960,1986]" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">N</emphasis>
. Bande-Amir, Hazarajat, Afghanistan. 
<emphasis id="519F9E34FFC5B3319172F849FDADF88E" bold="true" box="[616,639,1995,2021]" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">O</emphasis>
. Afghanistan, Bamian Prov., Band-e-Amir, alt. 3200 m.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<caption id="379412AEFFC4B33093A7F946FC8AF8E4" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6839871" ID-Zenodo-Dep="6839871" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6839871/files/figure.png" pageId="19" pageNumber="20" startId="19.[189,232,1732,1758]" targetBox="[192,1393,270,1668]" targetPageId="19">
<paragraph id="63544226FFC4B33093A7F946FC8AF8E4" blockId="19.[189,1400,1732,1935]" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">
<emphasis id="519F9E34FFC4B33093A7F946FECDF9B5" bold="true" box="[189,287,1732,1758]" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">Fig. 11.</emphasis>
Female genitalia (without the anal papillae, copulatory bursa, and anterior and posterior apophyses). 
<emphasis id="519F9E34FFC4B330924BF96AFE58F869" bold="true" box="[337,394,1768,1794]" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">A–C</emphasis>
. 
<taxonomicName id="A4EB39A5FFC4B3309280F96AFBB3F869" authority="Coutsis &amp; van Oorschot, 2014" authorityName="Coutsis &amp; van Oorschot" authorityYear="2014" box="[410,1121,1768,1794]" class="Insecta" family="Nymphalidae" genus="Melitaea" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="19" pageNumber="20" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subSpecies" species="timandra" subSpecies="timandra">
<emphasis id="519F9E34FFC4B3309280F96AFD39F869" box="[410,747,1768,1794]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">Melitaea timandra timandra</emphasis>
Coutsis &amp; 
<bibRefCitation id="077A3FD7FFC4B330906FF96AFBB3F869" author="Van Oorschot H. &amp; Coutsis J. G." box="[885,1121,1768,1794]" pageId="19" pageNumber="20" refId="ref31081" refString="Van Oorschot H. &amp; Coutsis J. G. 2014. The Genus Melitaea Fabricius, 1807 (Lepidoptera, Nymphalidae, Nymphalinae). Taxonomy and Systematics with Special Reference to the Male Genitalia. Tshikolovets publication, Pardubice." type="book" year="2014">van Oorschot, 2014</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
, S Turkmenistan, SaryYazy, alt. 300 m. 
<emphasis id="519F9E34FFC4B3309297F889FE6EF84E" bold="true" box="[397,444,1803,1829]" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">D–I</emphasis>
. 
<taxonomicName id="A4EB39A5FFC4B33092D0F88EFD31F84E" authority="Kolesnichenko &amp; Kotlobay, 2022" authorityName="Kolesnichenko &amp; Kotlobay" authorityYear="2022" box="[458,739,1803,1829]" class="Insecta" family="Nymphalidae" genus="Melitaea" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="19" pageNumber="20" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subSpecies" species="timandra" status="subsp. nov." subSpecies="binaludica">
<emphasis id="519F9E34FFC4B33092D0F88EFD31F84E" box="[458,739,1803,1829]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">M. timandra binaludica</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="4AAC234FFFC4B33091F6F889FCA2F84D" box="[748,880,1803,1830]" pageId="19" pageNumber="20" rank="subSpecies">subsp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
<emphasis id="519F9E34FFC4B330906DF889FC7EF84E" bold="true" box="[887,940,1803,1829]" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">D–F</emphasis>
. Iran, Rezavi Khorassan Prov., Kuh-eBinalud Mts, Dorrud 
<taxonomicName id="A4EB39A5FFC4B33092A5F8ADFDE5F823" box="[447,567,1838,1865]" pageId="19" pageNumber="20" rank="variety" variety="vicinity">v. vicinity</taxonomicName>
, alt. 2430 m. 
<emphasis id="519F9E34FFC4B33091C5F8ACFCC8F823" bold="true" box="[735,794,1838,1864]" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">G–H</emphasis>
. Iran, Mazandaran Prov., S macroslopes of Albors Mts, 80 km SE of Sari, 5 km NE of Foulad Mahhaleh v., E slopes of Sultan Kuh Mt., alt. 2000 m. 
<emphasis id="519F9E34FFC4B33093A7F8F7FF1AF8E4" bold="true" box="[189,200,1909,1935]" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">I</emphasis>
. Afghanistan, Bamian Prov., Band-e-Amir, alt. 3200 m.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<paragraph id="63544226FFC3B33793F0FE8BFD36FE48" blockId="20.[189,1398,265,361]" box="[234,740,265,291]" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">
<emphasis id="519F9E34FFC3B33793F0FE8BFDC2FE48" bold="true" box="[234,528,265,291]" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">Preimaginal stages: egg</emphasis>
(
<figureCitation id="FBD05EA3FFC3B337913BFE8BFDAAFE48" box="[545,632,265,291]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="20.[189,232,1954,1980]" captionTargetBox="[189,1398,613,1913]" captionTargetId="figure-115@20.[189,1398,613,1913]" captionTargetPageId="20" captionText="Fig. 12. Eggs of Melitaea timandra timandra Coutsis &amp; van Oorschot, 2014, S. Turkmenistan, Sary- Yazy. A–C. Lateral view. D–F. View from above. G–I. Micropile area." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6839877" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6839877/files/figure.png" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">Fig. 12</figureCitation>
, 
<tableCitation id="2E69779DFFC3B3379199FE8BFD09FE48" box="[643,731,265,291]" captionStart="Table 2" captionStartId="21.[189,259,265,291]" captionTargetPageId="21" captionText="Table 2. Measurements of the egg of M. timandra timandra Coutsis &amp; van Oorschot, 2014." httpUri="http://table.plazi.org/id/379412AEFFC2B33693A7FE8BFB3DFE48" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" tableUuid="379412AEFFC2B33693A7FE8BFB3DFE48">Table 2</tableCitation>
)
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="63544226FFC3B33793A7FEAEFEECFE02" blockId="20.[189,1398,265,361]" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">
Material studied: 
<specimenCount id="75ED89AFFFC3B3379292FEAEFE60FE2C" box="[392,434,300,327]" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" type="female">1 ♀</specimenCount>
, 
<specimenCount id="75ED89AFFFC3B33792A5FEAEFDD9FE2C" box="[447,523,300,327]" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" type="egg">3 eggs</specimenCount>
, 
<collectingCountry id="1BFC02B6FFC3B337910FFEAEFD68FE2D" box="[533,698,300,326]" name="Turkmenistan" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">Turkmenistan</collectingCountry>
, Badhyz Res., Kyzyl-Dzhar. 
<specimenCount id="75ED89AFFFC3B337971CFEAEFB95FE2C" box="[1030,1095,300,327]" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" type="female">2 ♀♀</specimenCount>
, 
<specimenCount id="75ED89AFFFC3B3379749FEAEFB7CFE2C" box="[1107,1198,300,327]" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" type="egg">18 eggs</specimenCount>
, S 
<collectingCountry id="1BFC02B6FFC3B33797D7FEAEFAA0FE2D" box="[1229,1394,300,326]" name="Turkmenistan" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">Turkmenistan</collectingCountry>
, Sary-Yazy.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="63544226FFC3B33693A7FE13FC74FD9F" blockId="20.[189,1399,401,533]" lastBlockId="21.[189,1399,624,756]" lastPageId="21" lastPageNumber="22" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">
The egg is oval. The height of the egg varies from 686.0 µm to 691.6 µm, the width is from 547.0 µm to 555.6 µm (
<tableCitation id="2E69779DFFC3B3379244FE36FE68FEA5" box="[350,442,436,462]" captionStart="Table 2" captionStartId="21.[189,259,265,291]" captionTargetPageId="21" captionText="Table 2. Measurements of the egg of M. timandra timandra Coutsis &amp; van Oorschot, 2014." httpUri="http://table.plazi.org/id/379412AEFFC2B33693A7FE8BFB3DFE48" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" tableUuid="379412AEFFC2B33693A7FE8BFB3DFE48">Table 2</tableCitation>
). The sculpture of the micropilar area is formed from four to five rows of pentahexagonal cells of various lengths and widths. The diameter of the micropile rosette in the widest part varies from 49.5 µm to 61.0 µm. The micropilar rosette is formed by 7–10 primary quatro-pentahedral cells with a width from 5.0 µm to 17.0 µm and a length from 9.0 µm to 37.0 µm. The micropile is rounded in shape, with an average diameter of about 8 µm. 26–28 lateral longitudinal ribs limit the micropilar area and drop to ⅓ of the egg surface. The transverse ribs are pronounced in most of the eggs studied. Below the lateral ribs, the chorion is relatively smooth.
</paragraph>
<caption id="379412AEFFC3B33793A7F820FC2CF88B" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6839877" ID-Zenodo-Dep="6839877" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6839877/files/figure.png" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" startId="20.[189,232,1954,1980]" targetBox="[189,1398,613,1913]" targetPageId="20">
<paragraph id="63544226FFC3B33793A7F820FC2CF88B" blockId="20.[189,1401,1954,2016]" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">
<emphasis id="519F9E34FFC3B33793A7F820FECEF8D7" bold="true" box="[189,284,1954,1980]" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">Fig. 12.</emphasis>
Eggs of 
<taxonomicName id="A4EB39A5FFC3B3379297F820FB8AF8D6" authority="Coutsis &amp; van Oorschot, 2014" authorityName="Coutsis &amp; van Oorschot" authorityYear="2014" box="[397,1112,1954,1981]" class="Insecta" family="Nymphalidae" genus="Melitaea" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subSpecies" species="timandra" subSpecies="timandra">
<emphasis id="519F9E34FFC3B3379297F820FD0CF8D7" box="[397,734,1954,1980]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">Melitaea timandra timandra</emphasis>
Coutsis &amp; 
<bibRefCitation id="077A3FD7FFC3B3379071F821FB8AF8D6" author="Van Oorschot H. &amp; Coutsis J. G." box="[875,1112,1954,1981]" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" refId="ref31081" refString="Van Oorschot H. &amp; Coutsis J. G. 2014. The Genus Melitaea Fabricius, 1807 (Lepidoptera, Nymphalidae, Nymphalinae). Taxonomy and Systematics with Special Reference to the Male Genitalia. Tshikolovets publication, Pardubice." type="book" year="2014">van Oorschot, 2014</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
, S. Turkmenistan, SaryYazy. 
<emphasis id="519F9E34FFC3B337921FF847FEECF8B4" bold="true" box="[261,318,1989,2015]" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">A–C</emphasis>
. Lateral view. 
<emphasis id="519F9E34FFC3B33792F7F844FDF0F88B" bold="true" box="[493,546,1990,2016]" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">D–F</emphasis>
. View from above. 
<emphasis id="519F9E34FFC3B3379011F847FCEEF8B4" bold="true" box="[779,828,1989,2015]" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">G–I</emphasis>
. Micropile area.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<caption id="379412AEFFC2B33693A7FE8BFB3DFE48" ID-Table-UUID="379412AEFFC2B33693A7FE8BFB3DFE48" box="[189,1263,265,292]" httpUri="http://table.plazi.org/id/379412AEFFC2B33693A7FE8BFB3DFE48" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" startId="21.[189,259,265,291]" targetBox="[201,1383,350,553]" targetIsTable="true" targetPageId="21">
<paragraph id="63544226FFC2B33693A7FE8BFB3DFE48" blockId="21.[189,1263,265,292]" box="[189,1263,265,292]" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">
<emphasis id="519F9E34FFC2B33693A7FE8BFEF2FE48" bold="true" box="[189,288,265,291]" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">Table 2.</emphasis>
Measurements of the egg of 
<taxonomicName id="A4EB39A5FFC2B336916DFE88FB39FE48" authority="Coutsis &amp; van Oorschot, 2014" authorityName="Coutsis &amp; van Oorschot" authorityYear="2014" box="[631,1259,265,292]" class="Insecta" family="Nymphalidae" genus="Melitaea" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subSpecies" species="timandra" subSpecies="timandra">
<emphasis id="519F9E34FFC2B336916DFE88FCAFFE48" box="[631,893,265,291]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">M. timandra timandra</emphasis>
Coutsis &amp; 
<bibRefCitation id="077A3FD7FFC2B336971BFE88FB39FE48" author="Van Oorschot H. &amp; Coutsis J. G." box="[1025,1259,265,292]" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" refId="ref31081" refString="Van Oorschot H. &amp; Coutsis J. G. 2014. The Genus Melitaea Fabricius, 1807 (Lepidoptera, Nymphalidae, Nymphalinae). Taxonomy and Systematics with Special Reference to the Male Genitalia. Tshikolovets publication, Pardubice." type="book" year="2014">van Oorschot, 2014</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<paragraph id="63544226FFC2B3369267FEDCFAE2FD6D" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">
<table id="11EBB086FFC24CDC93D3FEDCFAB5FD42" box="[201,1383,350,553]" gridcols="7" gridrows="3" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">
<tr id="DDDB4064FFC24CDC93D3FEDCFAB5FEF2" box="[201,1383,350,409]" gridrow="0" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" rowspan-0="1">
<th id="9E0A2918FFC24CDC9267FEDCFE25FEF2" box="[381,503,350,409]" gridcol="1" gridrow="0" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">
<emphasis id="519F9E34FFC2B3369267FEDCFE04FEF3" bold="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">Egg height (μm)</emphasis>
</th>
<th id="9E0A2918FFC24CDC910DFEDCFD59FEF2" box="[535,651,350,409]" gridcol="2" gridrow="0" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">
<emphasis id="519F9E34FFC2B336910DFEDCFDBFFEF3" bold="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">Egg width (μm)</emphasis>
</th>
<th id="9E0A2918FFC24CDC91BDFEDCFCBAFEF2" box="[679,872,350,409]" gridcol="3" gridrow="0" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">
<emphasis id="519F9E34FFC2B33691BDFEDCFC88FEF3" bold="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">Micropile rosette diameter (μm)</emphasis>
</th>
<th id="9E0A2918FFC24CDC9063FEDCFBCFFEF2" box="[889,1053,350,409]" gridcol="4" gridrow="0" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">
<emphasis id="519F9E34FFC2B3369089FEDCFBCFFEF3" bold="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">Micropile diameter (μm)</emphasis>
</th>
<th id="9E0A2918FFC24CDC972BFEDCFB6DFEF2" box="[1073,1215,350,409]" gridcol="5" gridrow="0" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">
<emphasis id="519F9E34FFC2B336972BFEDCFB65FEF3" bold="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">Primary cell width (μm)</emphasis>
</th>
<th id="9E0A2918FFC24CDC97C3FEDCFAB5FEF2" box="[1241,1383,350,409]" gridcol="6" gridrow="0" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">
<emphasis id="519F9E34FFC2B33697C3FEDCFAB1FEF3" bold="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">Primary cell length (μm)</emphasis>
</th>
</tr>
<tr id="DDDB4064FFC24CDC93D3FE33FAB5FEA1" box="[201,1383,433,458]" gridrow="1" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">
<th id="9E0A2918FFC24CDC93D3FE33FEB0FEA1" box="[201,354,433,458]" gridcol="0" gridrow="1" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">Average value</th>
<td id="9E0A2918FFC24CDC9267FE33FE25FEA1" box="[381,503,433,458]" gridcol="1" gridrow="1" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">688.2</td>
<td id="9E0A2918FFC24CDC910DFE33FD59FEA1" box="[535,651,433,458]" gridcol="2" gridrow="1" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">551.5</td>
<td id="9E0A2918FFC24CDC91BDFE33FCBAFEA1" box="[679,872,433,458]" gridcol="3" gridrow="1" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">55.2</td>
<td id="9E0A2918FFC24CDC9063FE33FBCFFEA1" box="[889,1053,433,458]" gridcol="4" gridrow="1" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">7.8</td>
<td id="9E0A2918FFC24CDC972BFE33FB6DFEA1" box="[1073,1215,433,458]" gridcol="5" gridrow="1" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">10.5</td>
<td id="9E0A2918FFC24CDC97C3FE33FAB5FEA1" box="[1241,1383,433,458]" gridcol="6" gridrow="1" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">19.4</td>
</tr>
<tr id="DDDB4064FFC24CDC93D3FE6CFAB5FD42" box="[201,1383,494,553]" gridrow="2" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">
<th id="9E0A2918FFC24CDC93D3FE6CFEB0FD42" box="[201,354,494,553]" gridcol="0" gridrow="2" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">Standard deviation</th>
<td id="9E0A2918FFC24CDC9267FE6CFE25FD42" box="[381,503,494,553]" gridcol="1" gridrow="2" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">2.7</td>
<td id="9E0A2918FFC24CDC910DFE6CFD59FD42" box="[535,651,494,553]" gridcol="2" gridrow="2" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">1.9</td>
<td id="9E0A2918FFC24CDC91BDFE6CFCBAFD42" box="[679,872,494,553]" gridcol="3" gridrow="2" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">5.2</td>
<td id="9E0A2918FFC24CDC9063FE6CFBCFFD42" box="[889,1053,494,553]" gridcol="4" gridrow="2" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">1.2</td>
<td id="9E0A2918FFC24CDC972BFE6CFB6DFD42" box="[1073,1215,494,553]" gridcol="5" gridrow="2" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">2.6</td>
<td id="9E0A2918FFC24CDC97C3FE6CFAB5FD42" box="[1241,1383,494,553]" gridcol="6" gridrow="2" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">5.5</td>
</tr>
</table>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="63544226FFC2B33693A7FC99FAE9FCA9" blockId="21.[189,1399,795,962]" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">
The eggs of the nominate subspecies are similar in shape to 
<taxonomicName id="A4EB39A5FFC2B33690A7FC9EFB32FC5E" authority="Kolesnichenko &amp; Kotlobay, 2022" authorityName="Kolesnichenko &amp; Kotlobay" authorityYear="2022" box="[957,1248,795,821]" class="Insecta" family="Nymphalidae" genus="Melitaea" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subSpecies" species="timandra" status="subsp. nov." subSpecies="binaludica">
<emphasis id="519F9E34FFC2B33690A7FC9EFB32FC5E" box="[957,1248,795,821]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">M. timandra binaludica</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="4AAC234FFFC2B33697F4FC99FAA5FC5D" box="[1262,1399,795,822]" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" rank="subSpecies">subsp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
(
<bibRefCitation id="077A3FD7FFC2B33693DFFCBCFD83FC33" author="Kolesnichenko K. A. &amp; Kotlobay A. A." box="[197,593,830,856]" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" pagination="566 - 574" refId="ref30158" refString="Kolesnichenko K. A. &amp; Kotlobay A. A. 2020. Early stages and biology of Melitaea timandra Coutsis et Oorschot, 2014 (Lepidoptera, Nymphalidae) under the conditions of Kuh-e-Binalud Mountain (Iran). Zootaxa 4729 (4): 566 - 574. https: // doi. org / 10.11646 / zootaxa. 4729.4.7" type="journal article" year="2020">Kolesnichenko &amp; Kotlobay 2020</bibRefCitation>
). A distinctive feature of the morphology of the eggs of 
<taxonomicName id="A4EB39A5FFC2B33697FEFCBDFEFBFC10" authorityName="Coutsis &amp; van Oorschot" authorityYear="2014" class="Insecta" family="Nymphalidae" genus="Melitaea" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subSpecies" species="timandra" subSpecies="timandra">
<emphasis id="519F9E34FFC2B33697FEFCBDFEFBFC10" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">M. timandra timandra</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is their smaller size. In 
<taxonomicName id="A4EB39A5FFC2B336915AFCE0FC84FC10" authorityName="Kolesnichenko &amp; Kotlobay" authorityYear="2022" box="[576,854,865,891]" class="Insecta" family="Nymphalidae" genus="Melitaea" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subSpecies" species="timandra" subSpecies="binaludica">
<emphasis id="519F9E34FFC2B336915AFCE0FC84FC10" box="[576,854,865,891]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">M. timandra binaludica</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
the egg height is more than 750.0 µm, and the width is just over 600.0 µm. The micropilar rosette of 
<taxonomicName id="A4EB39A5FFC2B3369026FC07FB91FCF4" authorityName="Coutsis &amp; van Oorschot" authorityYear="2014" box="[828,1091,901,927]" class="Insecta" family="Nymphalidae" genus="Melitaea" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subSpecies" species="timandra" subSpecies="timandra">
<emphasis id="519F9E34FFC2B3369026FC07FB91FCF4" box="[828,1091,901,927]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">M. timandra timandra</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is formed by 7–9 primary cells, while the micropile of the egg of 
<taxonomicName id="A4EB39A5FFC2B3369193FC2BFCE0FCA9" authority="Kolesnichenko &amp; Kotlobay, 2022" authorityName="Kolesnichenko &amp; Kotlobay" authorityYear="2022" box="[649,818,936,962]" class="Insecta" family="Nymphalidae" genus="Melitaea" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="shahvarica" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="519F9E34FFC2B3369193FC2BFCE0FCA9" box="[649,818,936,962]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">M. shahvarica</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="4AAC234FFFC2B3369020FC2AFC47FCA9" box="[826,917,936,962]" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
is surrounded by 7–8 primary cells.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="2BF111ADFFC2B33593A7FC6BFE6AFDA1" lastPageId="22" lastPageNumber="23" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" type="biology_ecology">
<paragraph id="63544226FFC2B33693A7FC6BFE5BFB68" blockId="21.[189,393,1001,1027]" box="[189,393,1001,1027]" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">
<emphasis id="519F9E34FFC2B33693A7FC6BFECEFB68" bold="true" box="[189,284,1001,1027]" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">Biology</emphasis>
(
<figureCitation id="FBD05EA3FFC2B3369236FC6BFE52FB68" box="[300,384,1001,1027]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="22.[189,232,1814,1840]" captionTargetBox="[189,1398,884,1768]" captionTargetId="figure-239@22.[189,1398,884,1780]" captionTargetPageId="22" captionText="Fig. 13. Biotopes and biology of Melitaea timandra timandraCoutsis &amp; van Oorschot, 2014.A. Bumpycellular overgrown sands on the left bank of the Murgab River, alt. 300 m, April 1993, the habitat of M. timandra timandra. B. Phlomoides regeliana (Aitch. &amp; Hemsl.) Adylov, Kamelin &amp; Makhm. – host plant for M. timandra timandra. The female laying eggs is visible under the leaves of the plant. C. The female of M. timandra timandra is ovipositing on the soil under the host plant leaf. D. Egg clutch of M. timandra timandra on the basal leaf rosette of Ph. regeliana." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6839879" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6839879/files/figure.png" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">Fig. 13</figureCitation>
)
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="63544226FFC2B33593A7FB9AFE6AFDA1" blockId="21.[187,1401,1048,2025]" lastBlockId="22.[188,1400,265,714]" lastPageId="22" lastPageNumber="23" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">
Observations in nature on the behavior and biology of 
<taxonomicName id="A4EB39A5FFC2B3369027FB9BFB91FB59" authorityName="Coutsis &amp; van Oorschot" authorityYear="2014" box="[829,1091,1048,1074]" class="Insecta" family="Nymphalidae" genus="Melitaea" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subSpecies" species="timandra" subSpecies="timandra">
<emphasis id="519F9E34FFC2B3369027FB9BFB91FB59" box="[829,1091,1048,1074]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">M. timandra timandra</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
were carried out in 1991– 1993 on the left bank of the Murgab River in the area of the Sary-Yazy reservoir in the vicinity of the village of Sary-Yazy in the 
<collectingRegion id="A12F8CC4FFC2B33692E5FBDDFDEDFB12" box="[511,575,1119,1145]" country="Turkmenistan" name="Mary Welayaty" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">Mary</collectingRegion>
velayat of 
<collectingCountry id="1BFC02B6FFC2B33691DBFBDCFCB5FB13" box="[705,871,1118,1144]" name="Turkmenistan" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">Turkmenistan</collectingCountry>
. The flight of butterflies usually occurs in the first days of April and lasts for three to four weeks. The beginning and end of the flight period may shift by a week depending on weather conditions. The habitat of butterflies is typical of the southern zone of the Kara-Kum desert: ridge-bumpy and bumpy-cellular overgrown sands covered with psammophilic shrub and herbaceous vegetation (
<figureCitation id="FBD05EA3FFC2B336911CFB69FDA6FA6E" box="[518,628,1259,1285]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="22.[189,232,1814,1840]" captionTargetBox="[189,1398,884,1768]" captionTargetId="figure-239@22.[189,1398,884,1780]" captionTargetPageId="22" captionText="Fig. 13. Biotopes and biology of Melitaea timandra timandraCoutsis &amp; van Oorschot, 2014.A. Bumpycellular overgrown sands on the left bank of the Murgab River, alt. 300 m, April 1993, the habitat of M. timandra timandra. B. Phlomoides regeliana (Aitch. &amp; Hemsl.) Adylov, Kamelin &amp; Makhm. – host plant for M. timandra timandra. The female laying eggs is visible under the leaves of the plant. C. The female of M. timandra timandra is ovipositing on the soil under the host plant leaf. D. Egg clutch of M. timandra timandra on the basal leaf rosette of Ph. regeliana." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6839879" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6839879/files/figure.png" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">Fig. 13A</figureCitation>
). The absolute altitude of the area above sea level is 
<quantity id="A413EFC3FFC2B33697F3FB69FAA3FA6D" box="[1257,1393,1259,1286]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.25" metricValueMax="3.3" metricValueMin="3.2" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" unit="m" value="325.0" valueMax="330.0" valueMin="320.0">
320– 
<specimenCount id="75ED89AFFFC2B336963EFB69FAA3FA6D" box="[1316,1393,1259,1286]" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" type="generic">330 m</specimenCount>
</quantity>
. The relative height of the sand ridges and bumps is 
<quantity id="A413EFC3FFC2B336902BFA8CFC4CFA42" box="[817,926,1294,1321]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.25" metricValueMax="1.5" metricValueMin="1.0" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" unit="m" value="12.5" valueMax="15.0" valueMin="10.0">
10– 
<specimenCount id="75ED89AFFFC2B3369044FA8CFC4CFA42" box="[862,926,1294,1321]" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" type="generic">15 m</specimenCount>
</quantity>
. The shrubs are represented by juzguns (
<taxonomicName id="A4EB39A5FFC2B33693DDFAB3FE58FA27" box="[199,394,1329,1356]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Polygonaceae" genus="Calligonum" kingdom="Plantae" order="Caryophyllales" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="undetermined">
<emphasis id="519F9E34FFC2B33693DDFAB3FE80FA20" box="[199,338,1329,1355]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">Calligonum</emphasis>
spp.
</taxonomicName>
) and sand acacia (
<taxonomicName id="A4EB39A5FFC2B336917EFAB3FB93FA20" authority="Bunge ex Boiss." authorityName="Boiss." box="[612,1089,1329,1356]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Fabaceae" genus="Ammodendron" kingdom="Plantae" order="Fabales" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="conollyi">
<emphasis id="519F9E34FFC2B336917EFAB3FCA7FA20" box="[612,885,1329,1355]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">Ammodendron conollyi</emphasis>
Bunge ex Boiss.
</taxonomicName>
). The space between them is occupied by ephemeroid-ephemeral grass communities, in which the background species are swollen sedge – ilak (
<taxonomicName id="A4EB39A5FFC2B3369276FAFAFD78FAF9" authority="M. Bieb." authorityName="M. Bieb." box="[364,682,1400,1426]" class="Liliopsida" family="Cyperaceae" genus="Carex" kingdom="Plantae" order="Poales" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="physodes">
<emphasis id="519F9E34FFC2B3369276FAFAFDFEFAF9" box="[364,556,1400,1426]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">Carex physodes</emphasis>
M. Bieb.
</taxonomicName>
), celine (
<taxonomicName id="A4EB39A5FFC2B3369038FAFAFC1BFAF9" box="[802,969,1400,1426]" class="Gastropoda" family="Hydrobiidae" genus="Aristidia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Littorinimorpha" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="undetermined">
<emphasis id="519F9E34FFC2B3369038FAFAFC5BFAF9" box="[802,905,1400,1426]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">Aristidia</emphasis>
spp.
</taxonomicName>
), eastern wheatgrass (
<taxonomicName id="A4EB39A5FFC2B33697C4FAFBFE07FADE" authority="Jaub. &amp; Spach" authorityName="Jaub. &amp; Spach" class="Liliopsida" family="Poaceae" genus="Eremopyrum" kingdom="Plantae" order="Poales" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="orientale">
<emphasis id="519F9E34FFC2B33697C4FAFBFEF5FADE" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">Eremopyrum orientale</emphasis>
Jaub. &amp; Spach
</taxonomicName>
, bulbous bluegrass (
<taxonomicName id="A4EB39A5FFC2B33691A4FA1EFC9DFADE" box="[702,847,1435,1461]" class="Liliopsida" family="Poaceae" genus="Poa" kingdom="Plantae" order="Poales" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="bulbosa">
<emphasis id="519F9E34FFC2B33691A4FA1EFC9DFADE" box="[702,847,1435,1461]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">Poa bulbosa</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
L.), cheat grass (
<taxonomicName id="A4EB39A5FFC2B3369708FA1EFB0BFADE" box="[1042,1241,1436,1461]" class="Liliopsida" family="Poaceae" genus="Bromus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Poales" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="tectorum">
<emphasis id="519F9E34FFC2B3369708FA1EFB0BFADE" box="[1042,1241,1436,1461]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">Bromus tectorum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(L.) Kuntze). In spring, on the slopes of hills and ridges, small thickets of ferula (
<emphasis id="519F9E34FFC2B33690F3FA3CFBEBFAB3" box="[1001,1081,1470,1496]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">Ferula</emphasis>
spp.) and single flowering plants of iris (
<emphasis id="519F9E34FFC2B3369274FA60FE45FA90" box="[366,407,1506,1531]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">Iris</emphasis>
spp.) are occasionally found. Poppies (
<taxonomicName id="A4EB39A5FFC2B336909AFA60FAEDFA90" authority="Boiss. &amp; Buhse" authorityName="Boiss. &amp; Buhse" box="[896,1343,1505,1532]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Papaveraceae" genus="Papaver" kingdom="Plantae" order="Ranunculales" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="pavoninum">
<emphasis id="519F9E34FFC2B336909AFA60FBA3FA90" box="[896,1137,1506,1531]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">Papaver pavoninum</emphasis>
Boiss. &amp; Buhse
</taxonomicName>
) are common in inter-ridge depressions. Observations have established that the host plant of 
<taxonomicName id="A4EB39A5FFC2B33697DCF987FA8BF974" baseAuthorityName="van Oorschot &amp; Coutsis" baseAuthorityYear="2014" box="[1222,1369,1541,1567]" class="Insecta" family="Nymphalidae" genus="Melitaea" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="timandra">
<emphasis id="519F9E34FFC2B33697DCF987FA8BF974" box="[1222,1369,1541,1567]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">M. timandra</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
in the studied region is 
<taxonomicName id="A4EB39A5FFC2B33692AEF9AAFB3FF929" authority="(Aitch. &amp; Hemsl.) Adylov, Kamelin &amp; Makhm." authorityName="Adylov, Kamelin &amp; Makhm." baseAuthorityName="Aitch. &amp; Hemsl." box="[436,1261,1576,1602]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Lamiaceae" genus="Phlomoides" kingdom="Plantae" order="Lamiales" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="regeliana">
<emphasis id="519F9E34FFC2B33692AEF9AAFD67F929" box="[436,693,1576,1602]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">Phlomoides regeliana</emphasis>
(Aitch. &amp; Hemsl.) Adylov, Kamelin &amp; Makhm.
</taxonomicName>
(
<figureCitation id="FBD05EA3FFC2B33697E7F9AAFABAF929" box="[1277,1384,1576,1602]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="22.[189,232,1814,1840]" captionTargetBox="[189,1398,884,1768]" captionTargetId="figure-239@22.[189,1398,884,1780]" captionTargetPageId="22" captionText="Fig. 13. Biotopes and biology of Melitaea timandra timandraCoutsis &amp; van Oorschot, 2014.A. Bumpycellular overgrown sands on the left bank of the Murgab River, alt. 300 m, April 1993, the habitat of M. timandra timandra. B. Phlomoides regeliana (Aitch. &amp; Hemsl.) Adylov, Kamelin &amp; Makhm. – host plant for M. timandra timandra. The female laying eggs is visible under the leaves of the plant. C. The female of M. timandra timandra is ovipositing on the soil under the host plant leaf. D. Egg clutch of M. timandra timandra on the basal leaf rosette of Ph. regeliana." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6839879" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6839879/files/figure.png" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">Fig. 13B</figureCitation>
), which forms sparse curtains with an area of up to several hundred square meters in the inter-ridge depressions. Together with 
<taxonomicName id="A4EB39A5FFC2B33692EFF9EDFD54F9E3" baseAuthorityName="van Oorschot &amp; Coutsis" baseAuthorityYear="2014" box="[501,646,1646,1672]" class="Insecta" family="Nymphalidae" genus="Melitaea" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="timandra">
<emphasis id="519F9E34FFC2B33692EFF9EDFD54F9E3" box="[501,646,1646,1672]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">M. timandra</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
in this biotope fly blue 
<taxonomicName id="A4EB39A5FFC2B3369088F9ECFAA0F9E3" authority="(Erschoff, 1874)" baseAuthorityName="Erschoff" baseAuthorityYear="1874" box="[914,1394,1646,1672]" class="Insecta" family="Lycaenidae" genus="Neolycaena" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="tengstroemi">
<emphasis id="519F9E34FFC2B3369088F9ECFB78F9E3" box="[914,1194,1646,1672]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">Neolycaena tengstroemi</emphasis>
(Erschoff, 1874)
</taxonomicName>
, steppe clouded yellow (
<taxonomicName id="A4EB39A5FFC2B33692C0F913FCF9F9C7" authority="(Esper, [1805])" baseAuthorityName="Esper" baseAuthorityYear="1805" box="[474,811,1681,1708]" class="Insecta" family="Pieridae" genus="Colias" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="erate">
<emphasis id="519F9E34FFC2B33692C0F913FDBEF9C0" box="[474,620,1681,1707]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">Colias erate</emphasis>
(Esper, [1805])
</taxonomicName>
, painted lady (
<taxonomicName id="A4EB39A5FFC2B33690C5F910FAA1F9C7" authority="(Linnaeus, 1758))" authorityName="" baseAuthorityName="Linnaeus" baseAuthorityYear="1758" box="[991,1395,1681,1708]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Rubiaceae" genus="Vanessa" kingdom="Plantae" order="Gentianales" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="cardui">
<emphasis id="519F9E34FFC2B33690C5F910FB40F9C0" box="[991,1170,1681,1707]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">Vanessa cardui</emphasis>
(Linnaeus, 1758))
</taxonomicName>
. 
<taxonomicName id="A4EB39A5FFC2B33693A5F937FE49F9A4" baseAuthorityName="van Oorschot &amp; Coutsis" baseAuthorityYear="2014" box="[191,411,1717,1743]" class="Insecta" family="Nymphalidae" genus="Melitaea" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="timandra">
<emphasis id="519F9E34FFC2B33693A5F937FE49F9A4" box="[191,411,1717,1743]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">Melitaea timandra</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
butterflies are active in sunny weather in the first half of the day. Males are more active than females, moving throughout the territory occupied by the host plant. Females are restricted to short flights within a few, adjacent specimens of 
<taxonomicName id="A4EB39A5FFC2B3369005F979FC6CF87E" box="[799,958,1787,1813]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Lamiaceae" genus="Phlomoides" kingdom="Plantae" order="Lamiales" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="regeliana">
<emphasis id="519F9E34FFC2B3369005F979FC6CF87E" box="[799,958,1787,1813]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">Ph. regeliana</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
. For laying eggs, the female chooses a plant with a shaded basal leaf rosette. Laying is carried out directly on the soil near the leaf rosette (
<figureCitation id="FBD05EA3FFC2B33693D2F8C3FEE1F837" box="[200,307,1857,1884]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="22.[189,232,1814,1840]" captionTargetBox="[189,1398,884,1768]" captionTargetId="figure-239@22.[189,1398,884,1780]" captionTargetPageId="22" captionText="Fig. 13. Biotopes and biology of Melitaea timandra timandraCoutsis &amp; van Oorschot, 2014.A. Bumpycellular overgrown sands on the left bank of the Murgab River, alt. 300 m, April 1993, the habitat of M. timandra timandra. B. Phlomoides regeliana (Aitch. &amp; Hemsl.) Adylov, Kamelin &amp; Makhm. – host plant for M. timandra timandra. The female laying eggs is visible under the leaves of the plant. C. The female of M. timandra timandra is ovipositing on the soil under the host plant leaf. D. Egg clutch of M. timandra timandra on the basal leaf rosette of Ph. regeliana." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6839879" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6839879/files/figure.png" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">Fig. 13C</figureCitation>
). Before laying, the female samples the soil with the ovipositor for a few minutes, apparently choosing the optimal consistency, temperature, and humidity. Under one host plant, the female produces one fairly compact clutch (
<figureCitation id="FBD05EA3FFC2B33692E6F80AFDB9F8C9" box="[508,619,1928,1954]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="22.[189,232,1814,1840]" captionTargetBox="[189,1398,884,1768]" captionTargetId="figure-239@22.[189,1398,884,1780]" captionTargetPageId="22" captionText="Fig. 13. Biotopes and biology of Melitaea timandra timandraCoutsis &amp; van Oorschot, 2014.A. Bumpycellular overgrown sands on the left bank of the Murgab River, alt. 300 m, April 1993, the habitat of M. timandra timandra. B. Phlomoides regeliana (Aitch. &amp; Hemsl.) Adylov, Kamelin &amp; Makhm. – host plant for M. timandra timandra. The female laying eggs is visible under the leaves of the plant. C. The female of M. timandra timandra is ovipositing on the soil under the host plant leaf. D. Egg clutch of M. timandra timandra on the basal leaf rosette of Ph. regeliana." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6839879" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6839879/files/figure.png" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">Fig. 13D</figureCitation>
). The number of eggs in the five studied clutches ranged from 28 to 152 (28, 67, 113, 150, 152 respectively). In two cases, it was possible to directly observe the process of egg laying in nature. Laying of 
<specimenCount id="75ED89AFFFC2B3369155F84CFD65F882" box="[591,695,1998,2025]" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" type="egg">113 eggs</specimenCount>
lasted continuously for 45 minutes, 
<specimenCount id="75ED89AFFFC2B3369778F84CFB1EF882" box="[1122,1228,1998,2025]" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" type="egg">150 eggs</specimenCount>
– a little more than an hour. Three females were placed in a cage, where after a fairly short time they also began to lay eggs on the bottom of the cage next to the host plant leaf placed there. The butterflies laid their eggs in three or four batches, several dozen in each clutch. The eggs are light, almost white, with a light yellowish-greenish color, with a diameter of about 
<quantity id="A413EFC3FFC1B335903AFEF0FCADFEE6" box="[800,895,370,397]" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.0" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" unit="mm" value="0.5">0.5 mm</quantity>
. The further development of the eggs was monitored in the cage. The release of single caterpillars was noted on the third day, the mass emerging of caterpillars in the cage was observed 8–9 days after egg laying. The emerged caterpillars are slightly more than a millimeter long, they partially eat the chorion then switch to feeding on the host plant mining the leaf. The color of the body and the head capsule of newborn caterpillars of the first instar is a solid light green with a yellowish tinge. One of the caterpillars, which emerged from the egg three days after laying, went to molt in the second instar three days later. Unfortunately, for several reasons, further observations of the development of the caterpillars could not be carried out. The question at what stage happened the estivation and subsequent hibernation of 
<taxonomicName id="A4EB39A5FFC1B3359024FD0FFC03FDCD" baseAuthorityName="van Oorschot &amp; Coutsis" baseAuthorityYear="2014" box="[830,977,652,678]" class="Insecta" family="Nymphalidae" genus="Melitaea" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="timandra">
<emphasis id="519F9E34FFC1B3359024FD0FFC03FDCD" box="[830,977,652,678]" italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">M. timandra</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
– the caterpillar of senior instars, or pupa – remains open.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<caption id="379412AEFFC1B33593A7F894FC79F88A" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6839879" ID-Zenodo-Dep="6839879" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6839879/files/figure.png" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" startId="22.[189,232,1814,1840]" targetBox="[189,1398,884,1768]" targetPageId="22">
<paragraph id="63544226FFC1B33593A7F894FC79F88A" blockId="22.[189,1399,1814,2017]" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">
<emphasis id="519F9E34FFC1B33593A7F894FECBF85B" bold="true" box="[189,281,1814,1840]" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">Fig. 13.</emphasis>
Biotopes and biology of 
<taxonomicName id="A4EB39A5FFC1B3359122F894FB38F85A" authority="Coutsis &amp; van Oorschot, 2014" authorityName="Coutsis &amp; van Oorschot" authorityYear="2014" box="[568,1258,1814,1841]" class="Insecta" family="Nymphalidae" genus="Melitaea" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subSpecies" species="timandra" subSpecies="timandra">
<emphasis id="519F9E34FFC1B3359122F894FC57F85B" box="[568,901,1814,1840]" italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">Melitaea timandra timandra</emphasis>
Coutsis &amp; 
<bibRefCitation id="077A3FD7FFC1B335971EF895FB38F85A" author="Van Oorschot H. &amp; Coutsis J. G." box="[1028,1258,1814,1841]" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" refId="ref31081" refString="Van Oorschot H. &amp; Coutsis J. G. 2014. The Genus Melitaea Fabricius, 1807 (Lepidoptera, Nymphalidae, Nymphalinae). Taxonomy and Systematics with Special Reference to the Male Genitalia. Tshikolovets publication, Pardubice." type="book" year="2014">van Oorschot, 2014</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
. 
<emphasis id="519F9E34FFC1B33597E8F894FAD5F85B" bold="true" box="[1266,1287,1814,1840]" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">A</emphasis>
. Bumpycellular overgrown sands on the left bank of the Murgab River, alt. 300 m, April 1993, the habitat of 
<taxonomicName id="A4EB39A5FFC1B33593A5F8DCFE11F81C" authorityName="Coutsis &amp; van Oorschot" authorityYear="2014" box="[191,451,1885,1911]" class="Insecta" family="Nymphalidae" genus="Melitaea" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subSpecies" species="timandra" subSpecies="timandra">
<emphasis id="519F9E34FFC1B33593A5F8DCFE11F81C" box="[191,451,1885,1911]" italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">M. timandra timandra</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
. 
<emphasis id="519F9E34FFC1B33592CBF8DFFE37F81C" bold="true" box="[465,485,1885,1911]" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">B</emphasis>
. 
<taxonomicName id="A4EB39A5FFC1B33592E9F8DFFAFBF81C" authority="(Aitch. &amp; Hemsl.) Adylov, Kamelin &amp; Makhm." authorityName="Adylov, Kamelin &amp; Makhm." baseAuthorityName="Aitch. &amp; Hemsl." box="[499,1321,1885,1911]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Lamiaceae" genus="Phlomoides" kingdom="Plantae" order="Lamiales" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="regeliana">
<emphasis id="519F9E34FFC1B33592E9F8DFFD26F81C" box="[499,756,1885,1911]" italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">Phlomoides regeliana</emphasis>
(Aitch. &amp; Hemsl.) Adylov, Kamelin &amp; Makhm.
</taxonomicName>
– host plant for 
<taxonomicName id="A4EB39A5FFC1B3359233F803FDFDF8F1" authorityName="Coutsis &amp; van Oorschot" authorityYear="2014" box="[297,559,1920,1946]" class="Insecta" family="Nymphalidae" genus="Melitaea" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subSpecies" species="timandra" subSpecies="timandra">
<emphasis id="519F9E34FFC1B3359233F803FDFDF8F1" box="[297,559,1920,1946]" italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">M. timandra timandra</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
. The female laying eggs is visible under the leaves of the plant. 
<emphasis id="519F9E34FFC1B335963FF802FAE8F8F1" bold="true" box="[1317,1338,1920,1946]" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">C</emphasis>
. The female of 
<taxonomicName id="A4EB39A5FFC1B3359220F826FD91F8D6" authorityName="Coutsis &amp; van Oorschot" authorityYear="2014" box="[314,579,1955,1981]" class="Insecta" family="Nymphalidae" genus="Melitaea" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subSpecies" species="timandra" subSpecies="timandra">
<emphasis id="519F9E34FFC1B3359220F826FD91F8D6" box="[314,579,1955,1981]" italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">M. timandra timandra</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is ovipositing on the soil under the host plant leaf. 
<emphasis id="519F9E34FFC1B33597ABF826FB16F8D5" bold="true" box="[1201,1220,1956,1982]" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">D</emphasis>
. Egg clutch of 
<taxonomicName id="A4EB39A5FFC1B33593A5F845FE17F88B" authorityName="Coutsis &amp; van Oorschot" authorityYear="2014" box="[191,453,1990,2016]" class="Insecta" family="Nymphalidae" genus="Melitaea" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subSpecies" species="timandra" subSpecies="timandra">
<emphasis id="519F9E34FFC1B33593A5F845FE17F88B" box="[191,453,1990,2016]" italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">M. timandra timandra</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
on the basal leaf rosette of 
<taxonomicName id="A4EB39A5FFC1B335901CF844FC76F88B" box="[774,932,1990,2016]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Lamiaceae" genus="Phlomoides" kingdom="Plantae" order="Lamiales" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="regeliana">
<emphasis id="519F9E34FFC1B335901CF844FC76F88B" box="[774,932,1990,2016]" italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">Ph. regeliana</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<caption id="379412AEFFC0B33493A7FC0CFE59FB5C" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6839881" ID-Zenodo-Dep="6839881" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6839881/files/figure.png" pageId="23" pageNumber="24" startId="23.[189,232,910,936]" targetBox="[189,1398,267,872]" targetPageId="23">
<paragraph id="63544226FFC0B33493A7FC0CFAA5FCA7" blockId="23.[188,1399,910,1079]" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">
<emphasis id="519F9E34FFC0B33493A7FC0CFEF2FCC3" bold="true" box="[189,288,910,936]" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">Fig. 14.</emphasis>
Distribution of 
<taxonomicName id="A4EB39A5FFC0B33492F6FC0DFB1CFCC2" authority="Coutsis &amp; van Oorschot, 2014" authorityName="Coutsis &amp; van Oorschot" authorityYear="2014" box="[492,1230,911,937]" class="Insecta" family="Nymphalidae" genus="Melitaea" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="23" pageNumber="24" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subSpecies" species="timandra" subSpecies="timandra">
<emphasis id="519F9E34FFC0B33492F6FC0DFC97FCC2" box="[492,837,911,937]" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">Melitaea timandra timandra</emphasis>
Coutsis &amp; 
<bibRefCitation id="077A3FD7FFC0B33490C3FC0DFB1CFCC2" author="Van Oorschot H. &amp; Coutsis J. G." box="[985,1230,911,937]" pageId="23" pageNumber="24" refId="ref31081" refString="Van Oorschot H. &amp; Coutsis J. G. 2014. The Genus Melitaea Fabricius, 1807 (Lepidoptera, Nymphalidae, Nymphalinae). Taxonomy and Systematics with Special Reference to the Male Genitalia. Tshikolovets publication, Pardubice." type="book" year="2014">van Oorschot, 2014</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
, 
<taxonomicName id="A4EB39A5FFC0B33497C4FC0DFEE8FCA7" authority="Kolesnichenko &amp; Kotlobay, 2022" authorityName="Kolesnichenko &amp; Kotlobay" authorityYear="2022" class="Insecta" family="Nymphalidae" genus="Melitaea" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="23" pageNumber="24" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subSpecies" species="timandra" status="subsp. nov." subSpecies="binaludica">
<emphasis id="519F9E34FFC0B33497C4FC0DFEE8FCA7" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">M. timandra binaludica</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="4AAC234FFFC0B3349258FC30FE17FCA7" box="[322,453,946,972]" pageId="23" pageNumber="24" rank="subSpecies">subsp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
and 
<taxonomicName id="A4EB39A5FFC0B33492E7FC31FD74FCA7" authority="Kolesnichenko &amp; Kotlobay, 2022" authorityName="Kolesnichenko &amp; Kotlobay" authorityYear="2022" box="[509,678,946,972]" class="Insecta" family="Nymphalidae" genus="Melitaea" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="23" pageNumber="24" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="shahvarica" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="519F9E34FFC0B33492E7FC31FD74FCA7" box="[509,678,946,972]" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">M. shahvarica</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="4AAC234FFFC0B33491B7FC30FCD5FCA7" box="[685,775,946,972]" pageId="23" pageNumber="24" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
For a description of the points by letters, see Fig. 30.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="63544226FFC0B33493FFFC54FE59FB5C" blockId="23.[188,1399,910,1079]" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">
= 
<taxonomicName id="A4EB39A5FFC0B3349218FC54FD8EFC9B" authorityName="Coutsis &amp; van Oorschot" authorityYear="2014" box="[258,604,982,1008]" class="Insecta" family="Nymphalidae" genus="Melitaea" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="23" pageNumber="24" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subSpecies" species="timandra" subSpecies="timandra">
<emphasis id="519F9E34FFC0B3349218FC54FD8EFC9B" box="[258,604,982,1008]" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">Melitaea timandra timandra</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
; = 
<taxonomicName id="A4EB39A5FFC0B33491ACFC54FBF3FC9B" authority="Kolesnichenko &amp; Kotlobay, 2022" authorityName="Kolesnichenko &amp; Kotlobay" authorityYear="2022" box="[694,1057,982,1008]" class="Insecta" family="Nymphalidae" genus="Melitaea" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="23" pageNumber="24" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subSpecies" species="timandra" status="subsp. nov." subSpecies="binaludica">
<emphasis id="519F9E34FFC0B33491ACFC54FBF3FC9B" box="[694,1057,982,1008]" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">Melitaea timandra binaludica</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="4AAC234FFFC0B3349734FC54FB68FC9B" box="[1070,1210,982,1008]" pageId="23" pageNumber="24" rank="subSpecies">subsp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
; = 
<taxonomicName id="A4EB39A5FFC0B3349614FC54FEEDFB78" authority="Kolesnichenko &amp; Kotlobay, 2022" authorityName="Kolesnichenko &amp; Kotlobay" authorityYear="2022" class="Insecta" family="Nymphalidae" genus="Melitaea" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="23" pageNumber="24" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="shahvarica" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="519F9E34FFC0B3349614FC54FEEDFB78" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">Melitaea shahvarica</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="4AAC234FFFC0B334925FFC78FE70FB7F" box="[325,418,1018,1044]" pageId="23" pageNumber="24" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
;
<emphasis id="519F9E34FFC0B33492B1FC7BFE68FB78" bold="true" box="[427,442,1017,1043]" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">?</emphasis>
= unconfirmed finds of 
<taxonomicName id="A4EB39A5FFC0B33491D5FC7BFC7BFB78" baseAuthorityName="van Oorschot &amp; Coutsis" baseAuthorityYear="2014" box="[719,937,1017,1043]" class="Insecta" family="Nymphalidae" genus="Melitaea" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="23" pageNumber="24" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="timandra">
<emphasis id="519F9E34FFC0B33491D5FC7BFC7BFB78" box="[719,937,1017,1043]" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">Melitaea timandra</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
; = 
<taxonomicName id="A4EB39A5FFC0B33490F4FC7BFB1AFB78" baseAuthorityName="van Oorschot &amp; Coutsis" baseAuthorityYear="2014" box="[1006,1224,1017,1043]" class="Insecta" family="Nymphalidae" genus="Melitaea" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="23" pageNumber="24" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="timandra">
<emphasis id="519F9E34FFC0B33490F4FC7BFB1AFB78" box="[1006,1224,1017,1043]" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">Melitaea timandra</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
with uncertain subspecies status.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<subSubSection id="2BF111ADFFC0B33493A7FBFFFC4EFA38" pageId="23" pageNumber="24" type="distribution">
<paragraph id="63544226FFC0B33493A7FBFFFE16FBFC" blockId="23.[189,452,1149,1175]" box="[189,452,1149,1175]" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">
<emphasis id="519F9E34FFC0B33493A7FBFFFE84FBFC" bold="true" box="[189,342,1149,1175]" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">Distribution</emphasis>
(
<figureCitation id="FBD05EA3FFC0B334927CFBFFFE69FBFC" box="[358,443,1149,1175]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="23.[189,232,910,936]" captionTargetBox="[189,1398,267,872]" captionTargetId="figure-261@23.[189,1398,267,872]" captionTargetPageId="23" captionText="Fig. 14. Distribution of Melitaea timandra timandra Coutsis &amp; van Oorschot, 2014, M. timandra binaludica subsp. nov. and M. shahvarica sp. nov. For a description of the points by letters, see Fig. 30. = Melitaea timandra timandra; = Melitaea timandra binaludica subsp. nov.; = Melitaea shahvarica sp. nov.;? = unconfirmed finds of Melitaea timandra; = Melitaea timandra with uncertain subspecies status." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6839881" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6839881/files/figure.png" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">Fig. 14</figureCitation>
)
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="63544226FFC0B33493A7FB2EFC4EFA38" blockId="23.[186,1401,1196,1363]" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">
<collectingCountry id="1BFC02B6FFC0B33493A7FB2EFEB6FBAD" box="[189,356,1196,1222]" name="Turkmenistan" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">Turkmenistan</collectingCountry>
: Badkhyz (Kyzyl-Jar Gorge, Kepeli), SE Kara Kum, Kopet Dag foothill plain (Bakharden). The main places of capture are located along the valley of the Murghab River (Sary-Yazy), up to the delta (Bairam Ali, 
<collectingRegion id="A12F8CC4FFC0B33492BCFB70FE35FA67" box="[422,487,1266,1292]" country="Turkmenistan" name="Mary Welayaty" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">Mary</collectingRegion>
) and in the Tejen River basin (Dushak, Chaacha). To the north, it reaches Repetek. The village of Bakharden is the westernmost, and the vicinity of the village Repetek is the northernmost reliably known habitat of 
<taxonomicName id="A4EB39A5FFC0B334918AFABBFC44FA38" authorityName="Coutsis &amp; van Oorschot" authorityYear="2014" box="[656,918,1337,1363]" class="Insecta" family="Nymphalidae" genus="Melitaea" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="23" pageNumber="24" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subSpecies" species="timandra" subSpecies="timandra">
<emphasis id="519F9E34FFC0B334918AFABBFC44FA38" box="[656,918,1337,1363]" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">M. timandra timandra</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>