290 lines
32 KiB
XML
290 lines
32 KiB
XML
<document id="09914895B975393676901FD8ECA2D06A" ID-DOI="10.5281/zenodo.199027" ID-GBIF-Dataset="93e585c7-17f1-45dc-b06e-3f360d334c15" ID-ISSN="1175-5326" ID-Zenodo-Dep="199027" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.tables_requiresApprovalFor="existingObjects,plazi" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1460320779683" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Droege, Sam, Rightmyer, Molly G., Sheffield, Cory S. & Brady, Seán G." docDate="2010" docId="03A78790FFA0BC5CFF5D9220FCFDF844" docLanguage="en" docName="zt02661p032.pdf" docOrigin="Zootaxa 2661" docStyle="DocumentStyle:890A69B780ED73D6DB8551B71C8AC79E.4:Zootaxa.2009-2012.journal_article" docStyleId="890A69B780ED73D6DB8551B71C8AC79E" docStyleName="Zootaxa.2009-2012.journal_article" docStyleVersion="4" docTitle="Nomada bethunei Cockerell" docType="treatment" docVersion="10" lastPageNumber="7" masterDocId="FF9EFFE8FFA5BC5AFFCA9505F971FFD8" masterDocTitle="New synonymies in the bee genus Nomada from North America (Hymenoptera: Apidae)" masterLastPageNumber="32" masterPageNumber="1" pageNumber="6" updateTime="1698256556110" updateUser="plazi">
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<mods:title id="A6A2669CF25670CB38BA668E9E536A52">New synonymies in the bee genus Nomada from North America (Hymenoptera: Apidae)</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="0B146749168FB47F8928B10608CFAFB0">Droege, Sam</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="BECE7992A8E7D787491A070CBC261145">Rightmyer, Molly G.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="2FF566E1F2297E3D51AFB7FB258E2B3A">Sheffield, Cory S.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="0D9B80BEA45AE24365B8AEC608DD077B">Brady, Seán G.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:title id="5217E5269DA20C2A47B4697148160F72">Zootaxa</mods:title>
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<mods:date id="93693B891EF862BD04B8C1786A253858">2010</mods:date>
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<mods:number id="826553D66838860D54CA918037F106CF">2661</mods:number>
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<mods:identifier id="C1D98930F2AEC5195F041A8871E1FE26" type="DOI">10.5281/zenodo.199027</mods:identifier>
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<treatment id="03A78790FFA0BC5CFF5D9220FCFDF844" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5683911" ID-GBIF-Taxon="119402424" ID-Zenodo-Dep="5683911" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03A78790FFA0BC5CFF5D9220FCFDF844" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/03A78790FFA0BC5CFF5D9220FCFDF844" lastPageId="6" lastPageNumber="7" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">
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<subSubSection id="C314650DFFA0BC5FFF5D9220F8D7F8B9" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="8BB13686FFA0BC5FFF5D9220F89FF8E6" blockId="5.[151,494,1828,1889]" box="[151,494,1828,1855]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">
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<heading id="D0F981EAFFA0BC5FFF5D9220F89FF8E6" bold="true" box="[151,494,1828,1855]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" reason="1">
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<taxonomicName id="4C0E4D05FFA0BC5FFF5D9220F89FF8E6" ID-CoL="47MY4" authority="Cockerell" authorityName="Cockerell" box="[151,494,1828,1855]" class="Insecta" family="Apidae" genus="Nomada" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="bethunei">
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<emphasis id="B97AEA94FFA0BC5FFF5D9220F89FF8E6" bold="true" box="[151,494,1828,1855]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">
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<emphasis id="B97AEA94FFA0BC5FFF5D9220F81EF8E7" bold="true" box="[151,367,1829,1855]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">Nomada bethunei</emphasis>
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Cockerell
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</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8BB13686FFA0BC5FFF5D9242F8D7F8B9" blockId="5.[151,494,1828,1889]" box="[151,422,1863,1889]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">
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<figureCitation id="13352A03FFA0BC5FFF5D9242F855F8B9" box="[151,292,1863,1889]" captionStart="FIGURES 4 – 6" captionStartId="5.[151,269,1732,1756]" captionText="FIGURES 4 – 6. Nomada bethunei. Fig. 4. Female face. Fig. 5. Dorsal habitus of female. Fig. 6. Dorsal habitus of male." pageId="5" pageNumber="6">Figures 4–6</figureCitation>
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,
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<figureCitation id="13352A03FFA0BC5FFEFA9242F80DF8B9" box="[304,380,1863,1889]" captionStart="FIGURES 13 – 18" captionStartId="9.[151,270,1652,1676]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,183,1629]" captionTargetId="figure@9.[151,1436,183,1631]" captionTargetPageId="9" captionText="FIGURES 13 – 18. Outer apical surface of hind tibia. Figs. 13, 14. Nomada augustiana. Fig. 13. Female holotype. Fig. 14. Male. Figs. 15, 16. Nomada bethunei. Fig. 15 Female. Fig. 16. Male. Figs. 17, 18. Nomada fragariae. Fig. 17. Female. Fig. 18. Male." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/199030/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">15, 16</figureCitation>
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, 21
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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||
<subSubSection id="C314650DFFA0BC5CFF5D9288F8BDFED7" lastPageId="6" lastPageNumber="7" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" type="reference_group">
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<paragraph id="8BB13686FFA0BC5FFF5D9288FA2EF83B" blockId="5.[151,1436,1932,2019]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">
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<treatmentCitationGroup id="AB1E11A8FFA0BC5FFF5D9288FA2EF83B" infered="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">
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<taxonomicName id="4C0E4D05FFA0BC5FFF5D9288FB37F87B" ID-CoL="47MY4" authority="Cockerell 1903: 607" authorityName="Cockerell" authorityPageNumber="607" authorityYear="1903" box="[151,582,1932,1956]" class="Insecta" family="Apidae" genus="Nomada" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="bethunei">
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<emphasis id="B97AEA94FFA0BC5FFF5D9288F829F87C" box="[151,344,1933,1956]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">Nomada bethunei</emphasis>
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<treatmentCitation id="0AAF1097FFA0BC5FFEA99289FB37F87B" author="Cockerell" box="[355,582,1932,1955]" page="607" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" year="1903">
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<bibRefCitation id="EF9F4B77FFA0BC5FFEA99289FB7EF87B" author="Cockerell" box="[355,527,1932,1955]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" refString="Cockerell, T. D. A. (1903) North American bees of the genus Nomada. Proceedings of the Academy of Natural Sciences, Philadelphia, 55, 580 - 614." type="journal article" year="1903">Cockerell 1903</bibRefCitation>
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: 607
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</treatmentCitation>
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</taxonomicName>
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[
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<typeStatus id="54B58824FFA0BC5FFD9D9289FBB0F87B" box="[599,705,1932,1955]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" type="holotype">Holotype</typeStatus>
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:
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<collectingCountry id="F3197616FFA0BC5FFD1A9289FA71F87B" box="[720,768,1932,1955]" name="United States of America" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">U.S.</collectingCountry>
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National Museum of Natural History, ♂; label data: “Cana [
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<collectingCountry id="F3197616FFA0BC5FFF0792A9F853F81B" box="[205,290,1964,1987]" name="Canada" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">Canada</collectingCountry>
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] 2174 [
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<collectingCountry id="F3197616FFA0BC5FFEB992A9F8C4F81B" box="[371,437,1964,1987]" name="United States Pacific Island Wildlife Refuges" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">Baker</collectingCountry>
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collection No. 2,174]// N. M. 3//
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<typeStatus id="54B58824FFA0BC5FFCEF92A9FA19F81B" box="[805,872,1964,1987]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">TYPE</typeStatus>
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No. 13159
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<collectingCountry id="F3197616FFA0BC5FFC2392A9FD67F81B" box="[1001,1046,1964,1987]" name="United States of America" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">U.S.</collectingCountry>
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N.M. [red label]//
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<taxonomicName id="4C0E4D05FFA0BC5FFB1492A8F984F83B" ID-CoL="47MY4" authority="Ckll" authorityName="Ckll" class="Insecta" family="Apidae" genus="Nomada" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="bethunei">
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<emphasis id="B97AEA94FFA0BC5FFB1492A8FCEDF81C" box="[1246,1436,1965,1988]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">Nomada bethunei</emphasis>
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Ckll
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</taxonomicName>
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<typeStatus id="54B58824FFA0BC5FFF3192C9F84CF83B" box="[251,317,1996,2019]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">TYPE</typeStatus>
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// USNM ENT 0 0 533894 [yellow barcode label]”].
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</treatmentCitationGroup>
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8BB13686FFA3BC5CFF5D959DF8BDFED7" blockId="6.[151,1437,151,271]" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">
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<treatmentCitationGroup id="AB1E11A8FFA3BC5CFF5D959DF8BDFED7" infered="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">
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||
<taxonomicName id="4C0E4D05FFA3BC5CFF5D959DFBADFF77" ID-CoL="47NFF" authority="Cockerell 1905: 189" authorityName="Cockerell" authorityPageNumber="189" authorityYear="1905" box="[151,732,152,175]" class="Insecta" family="Apidae" genus="Nomada" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="pseudops" subGenus="Xanthidium">
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<emphasis id="B97AEA94FFA3BC5CFF5D959DF980FF77" box="[151,241,152,175]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">Nomada</emphasis>
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(
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<emphasis id="B97AEA94FFA3BC5CFEC9959DF80EFF77" box="[259,383,152,175]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">Xanthidium</emphasis>
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)
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<emphasis id="B97AEA94FFA3BC5CFE5B959DF885FF77" box="[401,500,152,175]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">pseudops</emphasis>
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<treatmentCitation id="0AAF1097FFA3BC5CFE34959DFBADFF77" author="Cockerell" box="[510,732,152,175]" page="189" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" year="1905">
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<bibRefCitation id="EF9F4B77FFA3BC5CFE34959DFBD9FF77" author="Cockerell" box="[510,680,152,175]" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" refString="Cockerell, T. D. A. (1905) Some bees of the genus Nomada from Wisconsin. The Canadian Entomologist, 37, 189 - 191." type="journal article" year="1905">Cockerell 1905</bibRefCitation>
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: 189
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</treatmentCitation>
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</taxonomicName>
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–190 [
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<typeStatus id="54B58824FFA3BC5CFCE8959DFAFDFF77" box="[802,908,152,175]" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" type="holotype">Holotype</typeStatus>
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: University of Colorado, Boulder, Ψ, label data: “Collected by S. Graenicher, [
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<collectingCountry id="F3197616FFA3BC5CFDD995BDFB3CFF17" box="[531,589,184,207]" name="United States of America" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">USA</collectingCountry>
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] Milwaukee, Wis [Wisconsin],
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<date id="FFB01046FFA3BC5CFC6195BDFA83FF17" box="[939,1010,184,207]" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" value="2003-08-06">6-8-03</date>
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[
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<date id="FFB01046FFA3BC5CFBCE95BDFDFCFF17" box="[1028,1165,184,207]" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" value="1903-06-08">8 June 1903</date>
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]//
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<typeStatus id="54B58824FFA3BC5CFB6595BDFC63FF17" box="[1199,1298,184,207]" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" type="holotype">Holotype</typeStatus>
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[red label]//
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<typeStatus id="54B58824FFA3BC5CFF0D95DDF98DFF37" box="[199,252,216,239]" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">Type</typeStatus>
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1.
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<taxonomicName id="4C0E4D05FFA3BC5CFEEF95DDF8B6FF37" ID-CoL="47NFF" authority="Ckll" authorityName="Ckll" box="[293,455,216,239]" class="Insecta" family="Apidae" genus="Nomada" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="pseudops">
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<emphasis id="B97AEA94FFA3BC5CFEEF95DDF8F9FF37" box="[293,392,216,239]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">pseudops</emphasis>
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, Ckll
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</taxonomicName>
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// FROM COLLS UNIV OF COLO MUSEUM [blue label]// UCMC 0 0 0 0 107 [barcode label]”]
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<emphasis id="B97AEA94FFA3BC5CFED595F2F8B4FED7" bold="true" box="[287,453,247,271]" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">new synonymy</emphasis>
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.
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</treatmentCitationGroup>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C314650DFFA3BC5CFF5D9438FBE9F9FF" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" type="diagnosis">
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<paragraph id="8BB13686FFA3BC5CFF5D9438FB19FAB4" blockId="6.[151,1437,317,1948]" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">
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<emphasis id="B97AEA94FFA3BC5CFF5D9438F86AFE8F" bold="true" box="[151,283,317,343]" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">Diagnosis.</emphasis>
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<taxonomicName id="4C0E4D05FFA3BC5CFEEE9438F88BFE8E" box="[292,506,317,342]" class="Insecta" family="Apidae" genus="Nomada" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="bethunei">
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<emphasis id="B97AEA94FFA3BC5CFEEE9438F88BFE8E" box="[292,506,317,342]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">Nomada bethunei</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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has more prominent yellow and red integument than in many other species, particularly in the males (
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<figureCitation id="13352A03FFA3BC5CFE039467FB4DFEA4" box="[457,572,354,380]" captionStart="FIGURES 4 – 6" captionStartId="5.[151,269,1732,1756]" captionText="FIGURES 4 – 6. Nomada bethunei. Fig. 4. Female face. Fig. 5. Dorsal habitus of female. Fig. 6. Dorsal habitus of male." pageId="6" pageNumber="7">Figs. 5, 6</figureCitation>
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). Females are differentiated by the following combination of characters: face with integument color pattern grading from red near the vertex to orange-yellow near the mandible except for restricted black regions immediately surrounding the ocelli and between the antennal bases (
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<figureCitation id="13352A03FFA3BC5CFA8F94A8FCFCFE1F" box="[1349,1421,429,455]" captionStart="FIGURES 4 – 6" captionStartId="5.[151,269,1732,1756]" captionText="FIGURES 4 – 6. Nomada bethunei. Fig. 4. Female face. Fig. 5. Dorsal habitus of female. Fig. 6. Dorsal habitus of male." pageId="6" pageNumber="7">Fig. 4</figureCitation>
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); preoccipital margin carinate on gena; mesoscutum with integument more than fifty percent red (
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<figureCitation id="13352A03FFA3BC5CFAF594D7FCFAFE34" box="[1343,1419,466,492]" captionStart="FIGURES 4 – 6" captionStartId="5.[151,269,1732,1756]" captionText="FIGURES 4 – 6. Nomada bethunei. Fig. 4. Female face. Fig. 5. Dorsal habitus of female. Fig. 6. Dorsal habitus of male." pageId="6" pageNumber="7">Fig. 5</figureCitation>
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); posterior surface of propodeum midlaterally with large yellow maculation extending from ventral margin dorsally, either joining or not joining yellow maculation laterally on propodeal triangle (Fig. 21); hind tibia with four to eight short, thick, red, spine-like hairs that line the outer apical margin (these hairs often difficult to detect as they are shorter than the surrounding white hairs) (
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<figureCitation id="13352A03FFA3BC5CFCB8976DFAB8FD5A" box="[882,969,616,642]" captionStart="FIGURES 13 – 18" captionStartId="9.[151,270,1652,1676]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,183,1629]" captionTargetId="figure@9.[151,1436,183,1631]" captionTargetPageId="9" captionText="FIGURES 13 – 18. Outer apical surface of hind tibia. Figs. 13, 14. Nomada augustiana. Fig. 13. Female holotype. Fig. 14. Male. Figs. 15, 16. Nomada bethunei. Fig. 15 Female. Fig. 16. Male. Figs. 17, 18. Nomada fragariae. Fig. 17. Female. Fig. 18. Male." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/199030/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">Fig. 15</figureCitation>
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); for specimens from the eastern part of the species’ distribution, the scutellum is red; the propodeal triangle is red with two round, yellow, lateral spots; and T2–T3 have transverse yellow maculations that are clearly medially-interrupted (specimens from the midwestern part of the species’ distribution with the scutellum yellow to orange, propodeal triangle with a lateral, quadrate, yellow maculation; and T2–T3 each with a solid, or rarely medially-interrupted, transverse maculation).
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<taxonomicName id="4C0E4D05FFA3BC5CFEF99627FB75FCE3" box="[307,516,802,827]" class="Insecta" family="Apidae" genus="Nomada" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="bethunei">
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<emphasis id="B97AEA94FFA3BC5CFEF99627FB75FCE3" box="[307,516,802,827]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">Nomada bethunei</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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is similar to
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<taxonomicName id="4C0E4D05FFA3BC5CFD6B9627FA36FCE3" box="[673,839,802,828]" class="Insecta" family="Apidae" genus="Nomada" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="augustiana">
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<emphasis id="B97AEA94FFA3BC5CFD6B9627FBC5FCE3" box="[673,692,802,827]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">N</emphasis>
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.
|
||
<emphasis id="B97AEA94FFA3BC5CFD0E9627FA36FCE3" box="[708,839,802,827]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">augustiana</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, but can be differentiated from that species by the long, white, spine-like hairs on the outer apical margin of the hind tibia that clearly extend beyond the surrounding white hairs in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0E4D05FFA3BC5CFE1F9668FB0BFC5E" box="[469,634,877,902]" class="Insecta" family="Apidae" genus="Nomada" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="augustiana">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97AEA94FFA3BC5CFE1F9668FB0BFC5E" box="[469,634,877,902]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">N. augustiana</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(
|
||
<figureCitation id="13352A03FFA3BC5CFD419668FB92FC5F" box="[651,739,877,903]" captionStart="FIGURES 13 – 18" captionStartId="9.[151,270,1652,1676]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,183,1629]" captionTargetId="figure@9.[151,1436,183,1631]" captionTargetPageId="9" captionText="FIGURES 13 – 18. Outer apical surface of hind tibia. Figs. 13, 14. Nomada augustiana. Fig. 13. Female holotype. Fig. 14. Male. Figs. 15, 16. Nomada bethunei. Fig. 15 Female. Fig. 16. Male. Figs. 17, 18. Nomada fragariae. Fig. 17. Female. Fig. 18. Male." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/199030/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">Fig. 13</figureCitation>
|
||
). It is also similar to
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0E4D05FFA3BC5CFC149668FD04FC5E" box="[990,1141,877,903]" class="Insecta" family="Apidae" genus="Nomada" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="obliterata">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97AEA94FFA3BC5CFC149668FA80FC5E" box="[990,1009,877,902]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">N</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
<emphasis id="B97AEA94FFA3BC5CFBCB9668FD04FC5E" box="[1025,1141,877,902]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">obliterata</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, but in that species there are only two submarginal cells on the forewing (rarely three, but in such cases, usually only one wing with three cells), and the hind tibia has usually three to four, relatively long, stout setae on the outer apical margin, these setae clearly bent posteriorly at their apical tips. Finally,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0E4D05FFA3BC5CFC4296D8FD51FC2E" box="[904,1056,989,1015]" class="Insecta" family="Apidae" genus="Nomada" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="armatella">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97AEA94FFA3BC5CFC4296D8FAEAFC2E" box="[904,923,989,1014]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">N</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
<emphasis id="B97AEA94FFA3BC5CFC6696D8FD51FC2E" box="[940,1056,989,1014]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">armatella</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
differs from
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0E4D05FFA3BC5CFB7596D8FC38FC2E" box="[1215,1353,989,1015]" class="Insecta" family="Apidae" genus="Nomada" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="bethunei">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97AEA94FFA3BC5CFB7596D8FDA3FC2E" box="[1215,1234,989,1014]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">N</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
<emphasis id="B97AEA94FFA3BC5CFB2996D8FC38FC2E" box="[1251,1353,989,1014]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">bethunei</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
by the presence of long, thin, white or transparent, stout, spine-like hairs on the outer apical margin of the hind tibia. Males of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0E4D05FFA3BC5CFECC912DF8FCFB99" box="[262,397,1064,1090]" class="Insecta" family="Apidae" genus="Nomada" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="bethunei">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97AEA94FFA3BC5CFECC912DF868FB99" box="[262,281,1064,1089]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">N</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
<emphasis id="B97AEA94FFA3BC5CFEE2912DF8FCFB99" box="[296,397,1064,1089]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">bethunei</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
are among the few species of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0E4D05FFA3BC5CFD38912DFA24FB99" box="[754,853,1064,1089]" class="Insecta" family="Apidae" genus="Nomada" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97AEA94FFA3BC5CFD38912DFA24FB99" box="[754,853,1064,1089]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">Nomada</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, of this sex, with greater than fifty percent red on the integument of the mesoscutum (
|
||
<figureCitation id="13352A03FFA3BC5CFDF09148FBF3FBBF" box="[570,642,1101,1127]" captionStart="FIGURES 4 – 6" captionStartId="5.[151,269,1732,1756]" captionText="FIGURES 4 – 6. Nomada bethunei. Fig. 4. Female face. Fig. 5. Dorsal habitus of female. Fig. 6. Dorsal habitus of male." pageId="6" pageNumber="7">Fig. 6</figureCitation>
|
||
). Males are differentiated from
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0E4D05FFA3BC5CFC3D9148FDABFBBF" authority="Smith" authorityName="Smith" box="[1015,1242,1101,1127]" class="Insecta" family="Apidae" genus="Nomada" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="articulata">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97AEA94FFA3BC5CFC3D9148FD7BFBBE" box="[1015,1034,1101,1126]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">N</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
<emphasis id="B97AEA94FFA3BC5CFBD39148FDFCFBBE" box="[1049,1165,1101,1126]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">articulata</emphasis>
|
||
Smith
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0E4D05FFA3BC5CFAD99148F98BFB54" authority="Mitchell" authorityName="Mitchell" class="Insecta" family="Apidae" genus="Nomada" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="australis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97AEA94FFA3BC5CFAD99148FC57FBBE" box="[1299,1318,1101,1126]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">N</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
<emphasis id="B97AEA94FFA3BC5CFAFF9148FCEAFBBE" box="[1333,1435,1101,1126]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">australis</emphasis>
|
||
Mitchell
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
by the lack of a small spine present on the posterior surface (when the antennae is projected dorsally) of the third flagellar segment in both those species; it is separated from all other species by the combination of extensive red integument on the mesoscutum and by the very short, spine-like hairs on the outer apical margin of the hind tibia: these hairs are white, clear, or pinkish and are difficult to see among the surrounding white hairs in this region (
|
||
<figureCitation id="13352A03FFA3BC5CFE48900DF8A6FAFA" box="[386,471,1288,1314]" captionStart="FIGURES 13 – 18" captionStartId="9.[151,270,1652,1676]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,183,1629]" captionTargetId="figure@9.[151,1436,183,1631]" captionTargetPageId="9" captionText="FIGURES 13 – 18. Outer apical surface of hind tibia. Figs. 13, 14. Nomada augustiana. Fig. 13. Female holotype. Fig. 14. Male. Figs. 15, 16. Nomada bethunei. Fig. 15 Female. Fig. 16. Male. Figs. 17, 18. Nomada fragariae. Fig. 17. Female. Fig. 18. Male." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/199030/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">Fig. 16</figureCitation>
|
||
) (often most visible when the specimen is inverted and the tibia is examined from underneath). Other species have stout spine-like hairs on the hind tibia that project beyond or are level with the surrounding white hairs in this area.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BB13686FFA3BC5CFF0F9072FBE9F9FF" blockId="6.[151,1437,317,1948]" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97AEA94FFA3BC5CFF0F9072F8CDFA49" bold="true" box="[197,444,1399,1425]" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">Molecular results.</emphasis>
|
||
We obtained DNA barcoding data from four female specimens and one male specimen (
|
||
<tableCitation id="C68C033DFFA3BC5CFED39098F802FA6F" box="[281,371,1437,1463]" captionStart="TABLE 1" captionStartId="2.[151,239,964,988]" captionText="TABLE 1. Specimens for which DNA barcoding data were obtained." pageId="6" pageNumber="7">Table 1</tableCitation>
|
||
) that were morphologically similar to the two
|
||
<typeStatus id="54B58824FFA3BC5CFC7B9098FD57FA6F" box="[945,1062,1437,1463]" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" type="holotype">holotypes</typeStatus>
|
||
representing each gender. The sequences from all five specimens were completely identical (0% sequence divergence), even though they were sampled from several different localities (e.g., Ontario, Connecticut, New York), further supporting the synonymy of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0E4D05FFA3BC5CFEF29308F8B6F9FE" box="[312,455,1549,1575]" class="Insecta" family="Apidae" genus="Nomada" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="pseudops">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97AEA94FFA3BC5CFEF29308F83AF9FE" box="[312,331,1549,1574]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">N</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
<emphasis id="B97AEA94FFA3BC5CFE909308F8B6F9FE" box="[346,455,1549,1574]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">pseudops</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
with
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0E4D05FFA3BC5CFDC09308FBE0F9FE" box="[522,657,1549,1575]" class="Insecta" family="Apidae" genus="Nomada" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="bethunei">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97AEA94FFA3BC5CFDC09308FB6CF9FE" box="[522,541,1549,1574]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">N</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
<emphasis id="B97AEA94FFA3BC5CFDE69308FBE0F9FE" box="[556,657,1549,1574]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">bethunei</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C314650DFFA3BC5CFF0F9337F8C1F94F" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" type="description">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BB13686FFA3BC5CFF0F9337F8C1F94F" blockId="6.[151,1437,317,1948]" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97AEA94FFA3BC5CFF0F9337F832F994" bold="true" box="[197,323,1586,1612]" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">Variation.</emphasis>
|
||
Both males and females have greater amounts of yellow on the propodeum and metasoma in the Midwest than the East. The metasomal terga have transverse yellow maculations that vary from mediallyinterrupted to complete.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C314650DFFA3BC5CFF0F93A7FD12F8F4" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" type="distribution">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BB13686FFA3BC5CFF0F93A7FD12F8F4" blockId="6.[151,1437,317,1948]" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97AEA94FFA3BC5CFF0F93A7F817F964" bold="true" box="[197,358,1698,1724]" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">Distribution.</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0E4D05FFA3BC5CFEA593A6FB38F964" box="[367,585,1699,1724]" class="Insecta" family="Apidae" genus="Nomada" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="pseudops">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97AEA94FFA3BC5CFEA593A6FB38F964" box="[367,585,1699,1724]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">Nomada pseudops</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, as previously understood, is an uncommon, northern species, flying in late spring (most specimens from late May to Early June). Mitchell lists Michigan and Ohio for
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0E4D05FFA3BC5CFAD993CDFCEDF939" box="[1299,1436,1736,1762]" class="Insecta" family="Apidae" genus="Nomada" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="bethunei">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97AEA94FFA3BC5CFAD993CDFC57F939" box="[1299,1318,1736,1761]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">N</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
<emphasis id="B97AEA94FFA3BC5CFAFC93CDFCEDF939" box="[1334,1436,1736,1761]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">bethunei</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and Wisconsin to Massachusetts under
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0E4D05FFA3BC5CFDA893E8FB80F8DE" box="[610,753,1773,1799]" class="Insecta" family="Apidae" genus="Nomada" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="pseudops">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97AEA94FFA3BC5CFDA893E8FB04F8DE" box="[610,629,1773,1798]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">N</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
<emphasis id="B97AEA94FFA3BC5CFD4E93E8FB80F8DE" box="[644,753,1773,1798]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">pseudops</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. Based on Mitchell’s records and personal observation,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0E4D05FFA3BC5CFA4B93E8F98DF8F4" class="Insecta" family="Apidae" genus="Nomada" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="bethunei">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97AEA94FFA3BC5CFA4B93E8FCE5F8DE" box="[1409,1428,1773,1798]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">N</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
<emphasis id="B97AEA94FFA3BC5CFF5D9216F98DF8F4" box="[151,252,1811,1836]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">bethunei</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
ranges from Virginia north to Massachusetts, west to Kansas and Ontario.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C314650DFFA3BC5CFF0F9232F857F8AF" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" type="materials_examined">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BB13686FFA3BC5CFF0F9232F857F8AF" blockId="6.[151,1437,317,1948]" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97AEA94FFA3BC5CFF0F9232F8C8F889" bold="true" box="[197,441,1847,1873]" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">Material examined.</emphasis>
|
||
We examined
|
||
<specimenCount id="9D08FD0FFFA3BC5CFDA2923DFA76F88A" box="[616,775,1848,1874]" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" type="generic">23 specimens</specimenCount>
|
||
from ON, CT, NY, NJ, VA, MI, PA, IA, WI, KS, and
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F3197616FFA3BC5CFA4A923DFCEDF88A" box="[1408,1436,1848,1874]" name="Iceland" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">IL</collectingCountry>
|
||
(Appendix).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C314650DFFA3BC5CFF0F9287FCFDF844" box="[197,1420,1922,1948]" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" type="discussion">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BB13686FFA3BC5CFF0F9287FCFDF844" blockId="6.[151,1437,317,1948]" box="[197,1420,1922,1948]" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97AEA94FFA3BC5CFF0F9287F822F844" bold="true" box="[197,339,1922,1948]" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">Comments.</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0E4D05FFA3BC5CFE919286FB5BF844" box="[347,554,1923,1948]" class="Insecta" family="Apidae" genus="Nomada" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="bethunei">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97AEA94FFA3BC5CFE919286FB5BF844" box="[347,554,1923,1948]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">Nomada bethunei</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, while uncommon, appears to be regularly collected throughout its range.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |