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<document id="74FF053B3D0FDD2E7D150D6B4CF651EB" ID-CLB-Dataset="30325" ID-DOI="10.11646/zootaxa.4405.1.1" ID-GBIF-Dataset="55df350b-41c6-4f2e-9a18-c0be6d47498b" ID-ISSN="1175-5326" ID-Zenodo-Dep="3097993" ID-ZooBank="D33BF380-5AF7-4645-86C7-9981C528EAF0" IM.bibliography_approvedBy="felipe" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.tables_requiresApprovalFor="existingObjects,plazi" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1522988054869" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Alitto, Renata A. S., Bueno, Maristela L., Guilherme, Pablo D. B., Domenico, Maikon Di, Christensen, Ana Beardsley &amp; Borges, Michela" docDate="2018" docId="03C3B82F920CC95A07C8FA91FE4D3B0B" docLanguage="en" docName="zootaxa.4405.1.1.pdf.imf" docOrigin="Zootaxa 4405 (1)" docStyle="DocumentStyle:5EBBA59367AD13919D70D935FA04F6A3.14:Zootaxa.2013-.monograph" docStyleId="5EBBA59367AD13919D70D935FA04F6A3" docStyleName="Zootaxa.2013-.monograph" docStyleVersion="14" docTitle="Amphiodia riisei" docType="treatment" docVersion="11" lastPageNumber="35" masterDocId="FFFAC057922CC978075FFFCEFF883E24" masterDocTitle="Shallow-water brittle stars (Echinodermata: Ophiuroidea) from Araçá Bay (Southeastern Brazil), with spatial distribution considerations" masterLastPageNumber="66" masterPageNumber="1" pageNumber="33" updateTime="1698535905832" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
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<mods:title id="94C56BF870A46D01EB58A26194A49E92">Shallow-water brittle stars (Echinodermata: Ophiuroidea) from Araçá Bay (Southeastern Brazil), with spatial distribution considerations</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="971D7CDE095C685D3E2EC2231886755E">Alitto, Renata A. S.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="3BE9ACC9B586DEA928EA9E166562CDDB">Bueno, Maristela L.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="419B7F5246CACA438172E0D35252CC8D">Guilherme, Pablo D. B.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="B7EEFC1B2D0C28B4DFB48DEB0B9B3D58">Domenico, Maikon Di</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="578FBE330F271DDC85EB65663D0A77D2">Christensen, Ana Beardsley</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="F6C55C7348A6982935F0304B714ED494">Borges, Michela</mods:namePart>
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<mods:title id="9B1CAAE7CC7EF5C6737E761B2652338F">Zootaxa</mods:title>
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<mods:number id="A922C22A52E644B0849180F8F61BAC02">4405</mods:number>
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<treatment id="03C3B82F920CC95A07C8FA91FE4D3B0B" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5985135" ID-GBIF-Taxon="143478628" ID-Zenodo-Dep="5985135" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03C3B82F920CC95A07C8FA91FE4D3B0B" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/03C3B82F920CC95A07C8FA91FE4D3B0B" lastPageId="34" lastPageNumber="35" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">
<subSubSection id="C3705AB2920CC95807C8FA91FF703BBF" pageId="32" pageNumber="33" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph id="8BD50939920CC95807C8FA91FD973B5E" blockId="32.[151,543,1375,1435]" box="[151,543,1375,1402]" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">
<heading id="D09DBE55920CC95807C8FA91FD973B5E" bold="true" box="[151,543,1375,1402]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="32" pageNumber="33" reason="1">
<taxonomicName id="4C6A72BA920CC95807C8FA91FD973B5E" authority="(Lutken, 1859)" baseAuthorityName="Lutken" baseAuthorityYear="1859" box="[151,543,1375,1402]" class="Ophiuroidea" family="Amphiuridae" genus="Amphiodia" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Ophiurida" pageId="32" pageNumber="33" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="species" species="riisei">
<emphasis id="B91ED52B920CC95807C8FA91FD973B5E" bold="true" box="[151,543,1375,1402]" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">
<emphasis id="B91ED52B920CC95807C8FA91FEE83B5D" bold="true" box="[151,352,1375,1401]" italics="true" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">Amphiodia riisei</emphasis>
(
<bibRefCitation id="EFFB74C8920CC9580630FAAEFD9F3B5E" author="Lutken, C. F." bookContentInfo="95 pp." box="[367,535,1376,1402]" journalOrPublisher="Kongelige Danske Videnskabernes Selskabs Skrifter, Copenhagen" pageId="32" pageNumber="33" pagination="177 - 271" refId="ref50491" refString="Lutken, C. F. (1859) Additamenta ad historiam Ophiuridarum: Beskrivelser af nye eller hidtil kun ufuldstaendigt kjendte Arter af Slangestjerner. Kongelige Danske Videnskabernes Selskabs Skrifter, Copenhagen, 95 pp. [pp. 177 - 271]" title="Additamenta ad historiam Ophiuridarum: Beskrivelser af nye eller hidtil kun ufuldstaendigt kjendte Arter af Slangestjerner" type="book chapter" year="1859">Lütken, 1859</bibRefCitation>
)
</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BD50939920CC95807C8FA4CFF703BBF" blockId="32.[151,543,1375,1435]" box="[151,248,1410,1435]" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">
(
<figureCitation id="135115BC920CC95807C0FA4CFF673BBF" box="[159,239,1410,1435]" captionStart="FIGURE 11" captionStartId="33.[151,250,1616,1638]" captionTargetBox="[234,1352,195,1588]" captionTargetId="figure@33.[234,1352,195,1588]" captionTargetPageId="33" captionText="FIGURE 11. Amphiodia riisei ZUEC OPH 2252 (9.2 mm dd). (A) Dorsal view. (B) Ventral view. (C) Detail of the oral view. (D) Detail of dorsal arm. (E) Detail of ventral arm. (F) Dorsal arm plate. (G) Ventral arm plate. (H-I) Lateral arm plate. (J) Vertebra—proximal surface. (K) Vertebra—distal surface. (L) Vertebra—dorsal surface. (M) Vertebra—ventral surface. Abbreviations: ads: adoral shields; as: arm spine; bs: bursal slits; cpp: central primary plate; d: dorsal; dap: dorsal arm plate; ddi: dorso-distal; ddmf: dorso-distal muscular fossae; di: distal; dp: dorso-proximal; ip: infradental papillae; kn: knob; lop: lateral oral papillae; ma: madreporite; os: oral shields; p: proximal; pe: perforation; prp: primary radial plate; rs: radial shields; tn: tentaclenotch; ts: tentacle scale; vap:ventral arm plate; v: ventral; vdi:ventro-distal; vp: ventro-proximal; zd:zygocondyle; zp: zygosphene. Stereomicroscope photos: (A)(E), scale bar equal to 0.5 mm. SEM photos: (F)(M), scale bar equal to 100 µm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3098017/files/figure.png" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">Fig. 11</figureCitation>
)
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C3705AB2920CC95807C8FA04FCF5386A" pageId="32" pageNumber="33" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph id="8BD50939920CC95807C8FA04FDB03BC7" blockId="32.[151,1436,1482,2011]" box="[151,568,1482,1507]" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">
<materialsCitation id="3B020364920CC95807C8FA04FDB03BC7" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="1837440308" box="[151,568,1482,1507]" country="Brazil" location="Rio de Janeiro" pageId="32" pageNumber="33" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Rio de Janeiro" typeStatus="holotype">
<emphasis id="B91ED52B920CC95807C8FA04FEBD3BC7" bold="true" box="[151,309,1482,1507]" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">
<typeStatus id="54D1B79B920CC95807C8FA04FF5A3BC7" box="[151,210,1482,1507]" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">Type</typeStatus>
locality.
</emphasis>
<collectingRegion id="49AEC7DB920CC9580663FA04FE693BC7" box="[316,481,1482,1507]" country="Brazil" name="Rio de Janeiro" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">Rio de Janeiro</collectingRegion>
,
<collectingCountry id="F37D49A9920CC95806B3FA04FDBC3BC7" box="[492,564,1482,1507]" name="Brazil" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">Brazil</collectingCountry>
.
</materialsCitation>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BD50939920CC9580798FA20FCD33823" blockId="32.[151,1436,1482,2011]" box="[199,859,1518,1543]" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">
<emphasis id="B91ED52B920CC9580798FA20FEF53823" bold="true" box="[199,381,1518,1543]" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">Maximum size.</emphasis>
dd up to
<quantity id="4C92A4DC920CC95806B9FA21FDBC3822" box="[486,564,1519,1543]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.1" pageId="32" pageNumber="33" unit="mm" value="11.0">11 mm</quantity>
(
<bibRefCitation id="EFFB74C8920CC958051CFA21FCC73823" author="Borges, M. &amp; Amaral, A. C. Z." box="[579,847,1518,1543]" editor="Amaral, A. C. Z." journalOrPublisher="EdUSP, Sao Paulo" pageId="32" pageNumber="33" pagination="237 - 272" refId="ref45027" refString="Borges, M. &amp; Amaral, A. C. Z. (2005) Classe Ophiuroidea. In: Amaral, A. C. Z., Rizzo, A. E. &amp; Arruda, E. P. (Eds.), Manual de identificacao dos invertebrados marinhos da regiao sudeste-sul do Brasil. EdUSP, Sao Paulo, pp. 237 - 272." title="Classe Ophiuroidea" type="book chapter" volumeTitle="Manual de identificacao dos invertebrados marinhos da regiao sudeste-sul do Brasil" year="2005">Borges &amp; Amaral 2005</bibRefCitation>
).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BD50939920CC9580798F9DCFCF5386A" blockId="32.[151,1436,1482,2011]" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">
<emphasis id="B91ED52B920CC9580798F9DCFE3A380F" bold="true" box="[199,434,1554,1579]" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">Material examined.</emphasis>
3 specimens (dd:
<quantity id="4C92A4DC920CC95805D8F9DDFC9B380F" box="[647,787,1555,1579]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.75" metricValueMax="9.2" metricValueMin="2.3" pageId="32" pageNumber="33" unit="mm" value="5.75" valueMax="9.2" valueMin="2.3">2.39.2 mm</quantity>
) from subtidal: ZUEC OPH 2252, St. 15, 1 spm; ZUEC OPH 2253, St. XVI, 1 spm; ZUEC OPH 2357, St. XXXIV, 1 spm.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C3705AB2920CC95A0798F994FD573D31" lastPageId="34" lastPageNumber="35" pageId="32" pageNumber="33" type="description">
<paragraph id="8BD50939920CC9580798F994FA0B396F" blockId="32.[151,1436,1482,2011]" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">
<emphasis id="B91ED52B920CC9580798F994FED13857" bold="true" box="[199,345,1626,1651]" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">Description.</emphasis>
Disc: (dd:
<quantity id="4C92A4DC920CC9580689F995FDA63857" box="[470,558,1627,1651]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="9.2" pageId="32" pageNumber="33" unit="mm" value="9.2">9.2 mm</quantity>
) circular with soft radial incisions above the arms, covered by irregular scales of medium size, approximately ten between the central primary plate and the edge of the disc. Primary radial plates evident and larger than the scales. Radial shields twice as long as wide, with a whitish spot on distal portion, separated proximally by two scales (
<figureCitation id="135115BC920CC9580565F908FD2B38FB" box="[570,675,1734,1759]" captionStart="FIGURE 11" captionStartId="33.[151,250,1616,1638]" captionTargetBox="[234,1352,195,1588]" captionTargetId="figure@33.[234,1352,195,1588]" captionTargetPageId="33" captionText="FIGURE 11. Amphiodia riisei ZUEC OPH 2252 (9.2 mm dd). (A) Dorsal view. (B) Ventral view. (C) Detail of the oral view. (D) Detail of dorsal arm. (E) Detail of ventral arm. (F) Dorsal arm plate. (G) Ventral arm plate. (H-I) Lateral arm plate. (J) Vertebra—proximal surface. (K) Vertebra—distal surface. (L) Vertebra—dorsal surface. (M) Vertebra—ventral surface. Abbreviations: ads: adoral shields; as: arm spine; bs: bursal slits; cpp: central primary plate; d: dorsal; dap: dorsal arm plate; ddi: dorso-distal; ddmf: dorso-distal muscular fossae; di: distal; dp: dorso-proximal; ip: infradental papillae; kn: knob; lop: lateral oral papillae; ma: madreporite; os: oral shields; p: proximal; pe: perforation; prp: primary radial plate; rs: radial shields; tn: tentaclenotch; ts: tentacle scale; vap:ventral arm plate; v: ventral; vdi:ventro-distal; vp: ventro-proximal; zd:zygocondyle; zp: zygosphene. Stereomicroscope photos: (A)(E), scale bar equal to 0.5 mm. SEM photos: (F)(M), scale bar equal to 100 µm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3098017/files/figure.png" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">Fig. 11A</figureCitation>
). Ventral interradius covered by smaller scales than the dorsal and imbricated. Bursal slits long and narrow (
<figureCitation id="135115BC920CC958053AF924FD423927" box="[613,714,1770,1795]" captionStart="FIGURE 11" captionStartId="33.[151,250,1616,1638]" captionTargetBox="[234,1352,195,1588]" captionTargetId="figure@33.[234,1352,195,1588]" captionTargetPageId="33" captionText="FIGURE 11. Amphiodia riisei ZUEC OPH 2252 (9.2 mm dd). (A) Dorsal view. (B) Ventral view. (C) Detail of the oral view. (D) Detail of dorsal arm. (E) Detail of ventral arm. (F) Dorsal arm plate. (G) Ventral arm plate. (H-I) Lateral arm plate. (J) Vertebra—proximal surface. (K) Vertebra—distal surface. (L) Vertebra—dorsal surface. (M) Vertebra—ventral surface. Abbreviations: ads: adoral shields; as: arm spine; bs: bursal slits; cpp: central primary plate; d: dorsal; dap: dorsal arm plate; ddi: dorso-distal; ddmf: dorso-distal muscular fossae; di: distal; dp: dorso-proximal; ip: infradental papillae; kn: knob; lop: lateral oral papillae; ma: madreporite; os: oral shields; p: proximal; pe: perforation; prp: primary radial plate; rs: radial shields; tn: tentaclenotch; ts: tentacle scale; vap:ventral arm plate; v: ventral; vdi:ventro-distal; vp: ventro-proximal; zd:zygocondyle; zp: zygosphene. Stereomicroscope photos: (A)(E), scale bar equal to 0.5 mm. SEM photos: (F)(M), scale bar equal to 100 µm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3098017/files/figure.png" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">Fig. 11B</figureCitation>
). Oral shields diamond-shaped with rounded edges. Madreporite larger than other oral shields. Adoral shields broadened distally and touching proximally. Two lateral oral papillae, distal slightly larger and triangular. One pair of infradental papillae widely separated from each other (
<figureCitation id="135115BC920CC958024EF8FCFAFE396F" box="[1297,1398,1842,1867]" captionStart="FIGURE 11" captionStartId="33.[151,250,1616,1638]" captionTargetBox="[234,1352,195,1588]" captionTargetId="figure@33.[234,1352,195,1588]" captionTargetPageId="33" captionText="FIGURE 11. Amphiodia riisei ZUEC OPH 2252 (9.2 mm dd). (A) Dorsal view. (B) Ventral view. (C) Detail of the oral view. (D) Detail of dorsal arm. (E) Detail of ventral arm. (F) Dorsal arm plate. (G) Ventral arm plate. (H-I) Lateral arm plate. (J) Vertebra—proximal surface. (K) Vertebra—distal surface. (L) Vertebra—dorsal surface. (M) Vertebra—ventral surface. Abbreviations: ads: adoral shields; as: arm spine; bs: bursal slits; cpp: central primary plate; d: dorsal; dap: dorsal arm plate; ddi: dorso-distal; ddmf: dorso-distal muscular fossae; di: distal; dp: dorso-proximal; ip: infradental papillae; kn: knob; lop: lateral oral papillae; ma: madreporite; os: oral shields; p: proximal; pe: perforation; prp: primary radial plate; rs: radial shields; tn: tentaclenotch; ts: tentacle scale; vap:ventral arm plate; v: ventral; vdi:ventro-distal; vp: ventro-proximal; zd:zygocondyle; zp: zygosphene. Stereomicroscope photos: (A)(E), scale bar equal to 0.5 mm. SEM photos: (F)(M), scale bar equal to 100 µm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3098017/files/figure.png" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">Fig. 11C</figureCitation>
).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BD50939920CC9580798F899FE5839FF" blockId="32.[151,1436,1482,2011]" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">
Arms: dorsal arm plates wide fan-shaped, three to four times as wide as long and contiguous (
<figureCitation id="135115BC920CC9580250F898FA07394B" box="[1295,1423,1878,1903]" captionStart="FIGURE 11" captionStartId="33.[151,250,1616,1638]" captionTargetBox="[234,1352,195,1588]" captionTargetId="figure@33.[234,1352,195,1588]" captionTargetPageId="33" captionText="FIGURE 11. Amphiodia riisei ZUEC OPH 2252 (9.2 mm dd). (A) Dorsal view. (B) Ventral view. (C) Detail of the oral view. (D) Detail of dorsal arm. (E) Detail of ventral arm. (F) Dorsal arm plate. (G) Ventral arm plate. (H-I) Lateral arm plate. (J) Vertebra—proximal surface. (K) Vertebra—distal surface. (L) Vertebra—dorsal surface. (M) Vertebra—ventral surface. Abbreviations: ads: adoral shields; as: arm spine; bs: bursal slits; cpp: central primary plate; d: dorsal; dap: dorsal arm plate; ddi: dorso-distal; ddmf: dorso-distal muscular fossae; di: distal; dp: dorso-proximal; ip: infradental papillae; kn: knob; lop: lateral oral papillae; ma: madreporite; os: oral shields; p: proximal; pe: perforation; prp: primary radial plate; rs: radial shields; tn: tentaclenotch; ts: tentacle scale; vap:ventral arm plate; v: ventral; vdi:ventro-distal; vp: ventro-proximal; zd:zygocondyle; zp: zygosphene. Stereomicroscope photos: (A)(E), scale bar equal to 0.5 mm. SEM photos: (F)(M), scale bar equal to 100 µm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3098017/files/figure.png" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">Fig. 11D,F</figureCitation>
). Ventral arm plates trapezoid, twice as wide as long and contiguous (
<figureCitation id="135115BC920CC95804D0F8B4FB8639B7" box="[911,1038,1914,1939]" captionStart="FIGURE 11" captionStartId="33.[151,250,1616,1638]" captionTargetBox="[234,1352,195,1588]" captionTargetId="figure@33.[234,1352,195,1588]" captionTargetPageId="33" captionText="FIGURE 11. Amphiodia riisei ZUEC OPH 2252 (9.2 mm dd). (A) Dorsal view. (B) Ventral view. (C) Detail of the oral view. (D) Detail of dorsal arm. (E) Detail of ventral arm. (F) Dorsal arm plate. (G) Ventral arm plate. (H-I) Lateral arm plate. (J) Vertebra—proximal surface. (K) Vertebra—distal surface. (L) Vertebra—dorsal surface. (M) Vertebra—ventral surface. Abbreviations: ads: adoral shields; as: arm spine; bs: bursal slits; cpp: central primary plate; d: dorsal; dap: dorsal arm plate; ddi: dorso-distal; ddmf: dorso-distal muscular fossae; di: distal; dp: dorso-proximal; ip: infradental papillae; kn: knob; lop: lateral oral papillae; ma: madreporite; os: oral shields; p: proximal; pe: perforation; prp: primary radial plate; rs: radial shields; tn: tentaclenotch; ts: tentacle scale; vap:ventral arm plate; v: ventral; vdi:ventro-distal; vp: ventro-proximal; zd:zygocondyle; zp: zygosphene. Stereomicroscope photos: (A)(E), scale bar equal to 0.5 mm. SEM photos: (F)(M), scale bar equal to 100 µm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3098017/files/figure.png" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">Fig. 11E,G</figureCitation>
). Two subequal tentacle scales, one attached to the ventral arm plate and the other to the lateral arm plate. Three short (shorter than a half segment) and blunt arm spines (
<figureCitation id="135115BC920CC9580600F80CFE4B39FF" box="[351,451,1986,2011]" captionStart="FIGURE 11" captionStartId="33.[151,250,1616,1638]" captionTargetBox="[234,1352,195,1588]" captionTargetId="figure@33.[234,1352,195,1588]" captionTargetPageId="33" captionText="FIGURE 11. Amphiodia riisei ZUEC OPH 2252 (9.2 mm dd). (A) Dorsal view. (B) Ventral view. (C) Detail of the oral view. (D) Detail of dorsal arm. (E) Detail of ventral arm. (F) Dorsal arm plate. (G) Ventral arm plate. (H-I) Lateral arm plate. (J) Vertebra—proximal surface. (K) Vertebra—distal surface. (L) Vertebra—dorsal surface. (M) Vertebra—ventral surface. Abbreviations: ads: adoral shields; as: arm spine; bs: bursal slits; cpp: central primary plate; d: dorsal; dap: dorsal arm plate; ddi: dorso-distal; ddmf: dorso-distal muscular fossae; di: distal; dp: dorso-proximal; ip: infradental papillae; kn: knob; lop: lateral oral papillae; ma: madreporite; os: oral shields; p: proximal; pe: perforation; prp: primary radial plate; rs: radial shields; tn: tentaclenotch; ts: tentacle scale; vap:ventral arm plate; v: ventral; vdi:ventro-distal; vp: ventro-proximal; zd:zygocondyle; zp: zygosphene. Stereomicroscope photos: (A)(E), scale bar equal to 0.5 mm. SEM photos: (F)(M), scale bar equal to 100 µm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3098017/files/figure.png" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">Fig. 11E</figureCitation>
).
</paragraph>
<caption id="DF1559B1920DC95907C8F99EFF37397F" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3098017/files/figure.png" pageId="33" pageNumber="34" startId="33.[151,250,1616,1638]" targetBox="[234,1352,195,1588]" targetPageId="33">
<paragraph id="8BD50939920DC95907C8F99EFF37397F" blockId="33.[151,1437,1616,1883]" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">
<emphasis id="B91ED52B920DC95907C8F99EFE973842" bold="true" box="[151,287,1616,1638]" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">FIGURE 11.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="4C6A72BA920DC959067AF99EFE583842" baseAuthorityName="Lutken" baseAuthorityYear="1859" box="[293,464,1616,1638]" class="Ophiuroidea" family="Amphiuridae" genus="Amphiodia" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Ophiurida" pageId="33" pageNumber="34" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="species" species="riisei">
<emphasis id="B91ED52B920DC959067AF99EFE583842" box="[293,464,1616,1638]" italics="true" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">Amphiodia riisei</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
ZUEC OPH 2252 (9.2 mm dd). (A) Dorsal view. (B) Ventral view. (C) Detail of the oral view. (D) Detail of dorsal arm. (E) Detail of ventral arm. (F) Dorsal arm plate. (G) Ventral arm plate. (H-I) Lateral arm plate. (J) Vertebra—proximal surface. (K) Vertebra—distal surface. (L) Vertebra—dorsal surface. (M) Vertebra—ventral surface. Abbreviations: ads: adoral shields; as: arm spine; bs: bursal slits; cpp: central primary plate; d: dorsal; dap: dorsal arm plate; ddi: dorso-distal; ddmf: dorso-distal muscular fossae; di: distal; dp: dorso-proximal; ip: infradental papillae; kn: knob; lop: lateral oral papillae; ma: madreporite; os: oral shields; p: proximal; pe: perforation; prp: primary radial plate; rs: radial shields; tn: tentacle notch; ts: tentacle scale; vap: ventral arm plate; v: ventral; vdi: ventro-distal; vp: ventro-proximal; zd: zygocondyle; zp: zygosphene. Stereomicroscope photos: (A)(E), scale bar equal to 0.5 mm. SEM photos: (F)(M), scale bar equal to 100 µm.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<paragraph id="8BD50939920DC95A0798F862FCCB3FAC" blockId="33.[151,1436,1964,2025]" lastBlockId="34.[151,1437,151,1328]" lastPageId="34" lastPageNumber="35" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">
Lateral arm plates (
<figureCitation id="135115BC920DC95906FFF862FD9039E0" box="[416,536,1964,1989]" captionStart="FIGURE 11" captionStartId="33.[151,250,1616,1638]" captionTargetBox="[234,1352,195,1588]" captionTargetId="figure@33.[234,1352,195,1588]" captionTargetPageId="33" captionText="FIGURE 11. Amphiodia riisei ZUEC OPH 2252 (9.2 mm dd). (A) Dorsal view. (B) Ventral view. (C) Detail of the oral view. (D) Detail of dorsal arm. (E) Detail of ventral arm. (F) Dorsal arm plate. (G) Ventral arm plate. (H-I) Lateral arm plate. (J) Vertebra—proximal surface. (K) Vertebra—distal surface. (L) Vertebra—dorsal surface. (M) Vertebra—ventral surface. Abbreviations: ads: adoral shields; as: arm spine; bs: bursal slits; cpp: central primary plate; d: dorsal; dap: dorsal arm plate; ddi: dorso-distal; ddmf: dorso-distal muscular fossae; di: distal; dp: dorso-proximal; ip: infradental papillae; kn: knob; lop: lateral oral papillae; ma: madreporite; os: oral shields; p: proximal; pe: perforation; prp: primary radial plate; rs: radial shields; tn: tentaclenotch; ts: tentacle scale; vap:ventral arm plate; v: ventral; vdi:ventro-distal; vp: ventro-proximal; zd:zygocondyle; zp: zygosphene. Stereomicroscope photos: (A)(E), scale bar equal to 0.5 mm. SEM photos: (F)(M), scale bar equal to 100 µm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3098017/files/figure.png" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">Fig. 11H,I</figureCitation>
): general outline: ventral portion projecting ventro-proximalwards; ventro-distal tip not projecting ventralwards. Outer surface ornamentation: trabecular intersections protruding to form knobs larger than stereom pores on most of outer surface. Outer proximal edge: surface lined by discernible band of different stereom structure, restricted to central part; without spurs; central part of not protruding; surface without horizontal striation. Spine articulations: on same level as remaining outer surface, middle spine articulation larger; distance between spine articulations increasing dorsalwards. Lobes simply separated, dorsal lobe clearly larger than the ventral lobe; lobes parallel, bent, and oriented nearly horizontal; stereom with perforations, sigmoidal fold absent. Inner side, ridges and knobs: inner side dominated by two separate central knobs; without additional dorsal structure on inner side; single large perforation on inner side.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BD50939920EC95A0798FE5AFD623C18" blockId="34.[151,1437,151,1328]" pageId="34" pageNumber="35">
Vertebrae: zygospondylous of universal
<typeStatus id="54D1B79B920EC95A05D6FE5BFD313F89" box="[649,697,405,429]" pageId="34" pageNumber="35">type</typeStatus>
and non-keeled. Proximal side of vertebrae dorsally without large groove on the dorsal-distal muscular fossae (
<figureCitation id="135115BC920EC95A05FAFE79FC8F3FF4" box="[677,775,439,464]" captionStart="FIGURE 11" captionStartId="33.[151,250,1616,1638]" captionTargetBox="[234,1352,195,1588]" captionTargetId="figure@33.[234,1352,195,1588]" captionTargetPageId="33" captionText="FIGURE 11. Amphiodia riisei ZUEC OPH 2252 (9.2 mm dd). (A) Dorsal view. (B) Ventral view. (C) Detail of the oral view. (D) Detail of dorsal arm. (E) Detail of ventral arm. (F) Dorsal arm plate. (G) Ventral arm plate. (H-I) Lateral arm plate. (J) Vertebra—proximal surface. (K) Vertebra—distal surface. (L) Vertebra—dorsal surface. (M) Vertebra—ventral surface. Abbreviations: ads: adoral shields; as: arm spine; bs: bursal slits; cpp: central primary plate; d: dorsal; dap: dorsal arm plate; ddi: dorso-distal; ddmf: dorso-distal muscular fossae; di: distal; dp: dorso-proximal; ip: infradental papillae; kn: knob; lop: lateral oral papillae; ma: madreporite; os: oral shields; p: proximal; pe: perforation; prp: primary radial plate; rs: radial shields; tn: tentaclenotch; ts: tentacle scale; vap:ventral arm plate; v: ventral; vdi:ventro-distal; vp: ventro-proximal; zd:zygocondyle; zp: zygosphene. Stereomicroscope photos: (A)(E), scale bar equal to 0.5 mm. SEM photos: (F)(M), scale bar equal to 100 µm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3098017/files/figure.png" pageId="34" pageNumber="35">Fig. 11J</figureCitation>
). Zygocondyles dorsalwards converging and zygosphene fused with pair of zygocondyles (
<figureCitation id="135115BC920EC95A0547FE12FD093FD0" box="[536,641,476,501]" captionStart="FIGURE 11" captionStartId="33.[151,250,1616,1638]" captionTargetBox="[234,1352,195,1588]" captionTargetId="figure@33.[234,1352,195,1588]" captionTargetPageId="33" captionText="FIGURE 11. Amphiodia riisei ZUEC OPH 2252 (9.2 mm dd). (A) Dorsal view. (B) Ventral view. (C) Detail of the oral view. (D) Detail of dorsal arm. (E) Detail of ventral arm. (F) Dorsal arm plate. (G) Ventral arm plate. (H-I) Lateral arm plate. (J) Vertebra—proximal surface. (K) Vertebra—distal surface. (L) Vertebra—dorsal surface. (M) Vertebra—ventral surface. Abbreviations: ads: adoral shields; as: arm spine; bs: bursal slits; cpp: central primary plate; d: dorsal; dap: dorsal arm plate; ddi: dorso-distal; ddmf: dorso-distal muscular fossae; di: distal; dp: dorso-proximal; ip: infradental papillae; kn: knob; lop: lateral oral papillae; ma: madreporite; os: oral shields; p: proximal; pe: perforation; prp: primary radial plate; rs: radial shields; tn: tentaclenotch; ts: tentacle scale; vap:ventral arm plate; v: ventral; vdi:ventro-distal; vp: ventro-proximal; zd:zygocondyle; zp: zygosphene. Stereomicroscope photos: (A)(E), scale bar equal to 0.5 mm. SEM photos: (F)(M), scale bar equal to 100 µm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3098017/files/figure.png" pageId="34" pageNumber="35">Fig. 11K</figureCitation>
). Dorso-distal muscular fossae transformed distalwards projecting far from distal edge of zygocondyles (
<figureCitation id="135115BC920EC95A0576FE31FD073C3C" box="[553,655,511,536]" captionStart="FIGURE 11" captionStartId="33.[151,250,1616,1638]" captionTargetBox="[234,1352,195,1588]" captionTargetId="figure@33.[234,1352,195,1588]" captionTargetPageId="33" captionText="FIGURE 11. Amphiodia riisei ZUEC OPH 2252 (9.2 mm dd). (A) Dorsal view. (B) Ventral view. (C) Detail of the oral view. (D) Detail of dorsal arm. (E) Detail of ventral arm. (F) Dorsal arm plate. (G) Ventral arm plate. (H-I) Lateral arm plate. (J) Vertebra—proximal surface. (K) Vertebra—distal surface. (L) Vertebra—dorsal surface. (M) Vertebra—ventral surface. Abbreviations: ads: adoral shields; as: arm spine; bs: bursal slits; cpp: central primary plate; d: dorsal; dap: dorsal arm plate; ddi: dorso-distal; ddmf: dorso-distal muscular fossae; di: distal; dp: dorso-proximal; ip: infradental papillae; kn: knob; lop: lateral oral papillae; ma: madreporite; os: oral shields; p: proximal; pe: perforation; prp: primary radial plate; rs: radial shields; tn: tentaclenotch; ts: tentacle scale; vap:ventral arm plate; v: ventral; vdi:ventro-distal; vp: ventro-proximal; zd:zygocondyle; zp: zygosphene. Stereomicroscope photos: (A)(E), scale bar equal to 0.5 mm. SEM photos: (F)(M), scale bar equal to 100 µm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3098017/files/figure.png" pageId="34" pageNumber="35">Fig. 11L</figureCitation>
). Zygosphene projecting beyond ventral edge of zygocondyles with projecting part longer than zygocondyles (
<figureCitation id="135115BC920EC95A052EFDEAFD553C18" box="[625,733,548,573]" captionStart="FIGURE 11" captionStartId="33.[151,250,1616,1638]" captionTargetBox="[234,1352,195,1588]" captionTargetId="figure@33.[234,1352,195,1588]" captionTargetPageId="33" captionText="FIGURE 11. Amphiodia riisei ZUEC OPH 2252 (9.2 mm dd). (A) Dorsal view. (B) Ventral view. (C) Detail of the oral view. (D) Detail of dorsal arm. (E) Detail of ventral arm. (F) Dorsal arm plate. (G) Ventral arm plate. (H-I) Lateral arm plate. (J) Vertebra—proximal surface. (K) Vertebra—distal surface. (L) Vertebra—dorsal surface. (M) Vertebra—ventral surface. Abbreviations: ads: adoral shields; as: arm spine; bs: bursal slits; cpp: central primary plate; d: dorsal; dap: dorsal arm plate; ddi: dorso-distal; ddmf: dorso-distal muscular fossae; di: distal; dp: dorso-proximal; ip: infradental papillae; kn: knob; lop: lateral oral papillae; ma: madreporite; os: oral shields; p: proximal; pe: perforation; prp: primary radial plate; rs: radial shields; tn: tentaclenotch; ts: tentacle scale; vap:ventral arm plate; v: ventral; vdi:ventro-distal; vp: ventro-proximal; zd:zygocondyle; zp: zygosphene. Stereomicroscope photos: (A)(E), scale bar equal to 0.5 mm. SEM photos: (F)(M), scale bar equal to 100 µm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3098017/files/figure.png" pageId="34" pageNumber="35">Fig. 11M</figureCitation>
).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BD50939920EC95A0798FD89FD573D31" blockId="34.[151,1437,151,1328]" pageId="34" pageNumber="35">
<emphasis id="B91ED52B920EC95A0798FD89FE5C3C44" bold="true" box="[199,468,583,608]" pageId="34" pageNumber="35">Taxonomic comments.</emphasis>
The smallest specimens collected had a single tentacle scale. Primary plates on the dorsal surface of the disc were well developed and elevated, features which match with juvenile specimens (
<bibRefCitation id="EFFB74C8920EC95A07C1FD41FEC43C8C" author="Tommasi, L. R." box="[158,332,655,680]" journalOrPublisher="Contribuicoes Avulsas do Instituto Oceanografico, Universidade de Sao Paulo" pageId="34" pageNumber="35" pagination="1 - 146" part="20" refId="ref54902" refString="Tommasi, L. R. (1970) Os ofiuroides recentes do Brasil e de regioes vizinhas. Contribuicoes Avulsas do Instituto Oceanografico, Universidade de Sao Paulo, 20, 1 - 146." title="Os ofiuroides recentes do Brasil e de regioes vizinhas" type="journal article" year="1970">Tommasi 1970</bibRefCitation>
). We do not follow the new synonymizing with
<taxonomicName id="4C6A72BA920EC95A042DFD5EFBE23C83" baseAuthorityName="Lütken" baseAuthorityYear="1859" box="[882,1130,656,680]" class="Ophiuroidea" family="Amphiuridae" genus="Ophiophragmus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Ophiurida" pageId="34" pageNumber="35" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="species" species="riisei">
<emphasis id="B91ED52B920EC95A042DFD5EFBE23C83" box="[882,1130,656,680]" italics="true" pageId="34" pageNumber="35">Ophiophragmus riisei</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
as proposed by
<bibRefCitation id="EFFB74C8920EC95A027AFD41FE833CE9" author="Hendler, G. &amp; Miller, J. E. &amp; Pawson, D. L. &amp; Kier, P. M." bookContentInfo="390 pp." journalOrPublisher="Smithsonian Institution Press, Washington" pageId="34" pageNumber="35" refId="ref48691" refString="Hendler, G., Miller, J. E., Pawson, D. L. &amp; Kier, P. M. (1995) Sea stars, sea urchins, and allies: echinoderms of Florida and the Caribbean. Smithsonian Institution Press, Washington, 390 pp. https: // doi. org / 10.1017 / s 0025315400031568" title="Sea stars, sea urchins, and allies: echinoderms of Florida and the Caribbean" type="book" year="1995">
Hendler
<emphasis id="B91ED52B920EC95A02D7FD5FFF253CE8" italics="true" pageId="34" pageNumber="35">et al</emphasis>
. (1995)
</bibRefCitation>
. We consider
<taxonomicName id="4C6A72BA920EC95A06F1FD7AFD813CE8" baseAuthorityName="Lütken" baseAuthorityYear="1859" box="[430,521,692,716]" class="Ophiuroidea" family="Amphiuridae" genus="Ophiophragmus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Ophiurida" pageId="34" pageNumber="35" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="species" species="riisei">
<emphasis id="B91ED52B920EC95A06F1FD7AFD813CE8" box="[430,521,692,716]" italics="true" pageId="34" pageNumber="35">A. riisei</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and
<taxonomicName id="4C6A72BA920EC95A051BFD7AFD633CE8" authorityName="H. L. Clark" authorityYear="1915" box="[580,747,692,716]" class="Ophiuroidea" family="Amphiuridae" genus="Ophiophragmus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Ophiurida" pageId="34" pageNumber="35" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="species" species="brachyactis">
<emphasis id="B91ED52B920EC95A051BFD7AFD633CE8" box="[580,747,692,716]" italics="true" pageId="34" pageNumber="35">O. brachyactis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
distinct species and additional information concerning their differences can be found in
<bibRefCitation id="EFFB74C8920EC95A0683FD19FD683CD4" author="Gondim, A. I. &amp; Alonso, C. &amp; Dias, T. L. P. &amp; Manso, C. L. C. &amp; Christoffersen, M. L." box="[476,736,727,752]" journalOrPublisher="ZooKeys" pageId="34" pageNumber="35" pagination="45 - 96" part="307" refId="ref47757" refString="Gondim, A. I., Alonso, C., Dias, T. L. P., Manso, C. L. C. &amp; Christoffersen, M. L. (2013 a) A taxonomic guide to the brittle-stars (Echinodermata, Ophiuroidea) from the State of Paraiba continental shelf, Northeastern Brazil. ZooKeys, 307, 45 - 96. https: // doi. org / 10.3897 / zookeys. 307.4673" title="A taxonomic guide to the brittle-stars (Echinodermata, Ophiuroidea) from the State of Paraiba continental shelf, Northeastern Brazil" type="journal article" year="2013">
Gondim
<emphasis id="B91ED52B920EC95A051DFD17FDFD3CD4" box="[578,629,728,752]" italics="true" pageId="34" pageNumber="35">et al</emphasis>
. (2013a)
</bibRefCitation>
. Indeed, they are very closely related species, and a broader taxonomic revision with greater details is necessary.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C3705AB2920EC95A0798FCD1FAD33D78" pageId="34" pageNumber="35" type="discussion">
<paragraph id="8BD50939920EC95A0798FCD1FAD33D78" blockId="34.[151,1437,151,1328]" pageId="34" pageNumber="35">
<emphasis id="B91ED52B920EC95A0798FCD1FEB33D1C" bold="true" box="[199,315,799,824]" pageId="34" pageNumber="35">Remarks.</emphasis>
It occurs in mud and sandy bottom (
<bibRefCitation id="EFFB74C8920EC95A05ACFCEEFB813D1C" author="Borges, M. &amp; Amaral, A. C. Z." box="[755,1033,799,824]" editor="Amaral, A. C. Z." journalOrPublisher="EdUSP, Sao Paulo" pageId="34" pageNumber="35" pagination="237 - 272" refId="ref45027" refString="Borges, M. &amp; Amaral, A. C. Z. (2005) Classe Ophiuroidea. In: Amaral, A. C. Z., Rizzo, A. E. &amp; Arruda, E. P. (Eds.), Manual de identificacao dos invertebrados marinhos da regiao sudeste-sul do Brasil. EdUSP, Sao Paulo, pp. 237 - 272." title="Classe Ophiuroidea" type="book chapter" volumeTitle="Manual de identificacao dos invertebrados marinhos da regiao sudeste-sul do Brasil" year="2005">Borges &amp; Amaral 2005</bibRefCitation>
;
<bibRefCitation id="EFFB74C8920EC95A0347FCEEFB783D1C" author="Manso, C. L. C. &amp; Alves, O. F. S. &amp; Martins, L. R." box="[1048,1264,800,824]" journalOrPublisher="Biota Neotropica" pageId="34" pageNumber="35" pagination="179 - 196" part="8" refId="ref51159" refString="Manso, C. L. C., Alves, O. F. S. &amp; Martins, L. R. (2008) Echinodermata da Baia de Todos os Santos e da Baia de Aratu (Bahia, Brasil). Biota Neotropica, 8, 179 - 196. https: // doi. org / 10.1590 / S 1676 - 06032008000300017" title="Echinodermata da Baia de Todos os Santos e da Baia de Aratu (Bahia, Brasil)" type="journal article" year="2008">
Manso
<emphasis id="B91ED52B920EC95A0330FCEFFB2C3D1C" box="[1135,1188,800,824]" italics="true" pageId="34" pageNumber="35">et al</emphasis>
. 2008
</bibRefCitation>
).
<taxonomicName id="4C6A72BA920EC95A0256FCEEFAED3D13" baseAuthorityName="Lütken" baseAuthorityYear="1859" box="[1289,1381,800,823]" class="Ophiuroidea" family="Amphiuridae" genus="Ophiophragmus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Ophiurida" pageId="34" pageNumber="35" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="species" species="riisei">
<emphasis id="B91ED52B920EC95A0256FCEEFAED3D13" box="[1289,1381,800,823]" italics="true" pageId="34" pageNumber="35">A. riisei</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
was collected from sand (coarse and fine sand) and rubble bottom with dredge and van Veen grab (66% of spms).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C3705AB2920EC95A0798FCA9FE4D3B0B" pageId="34" pageNumber="35" type="distribution">
<paragraph id="8BD50939920EC95A0798FCA9FABE3A34" blockId="34.[151,1437,151,1328]" pageId="34" pageNumber="35">
<emphasis id="B91ED52B920EC95A0798FCA9FEE83DA4" bold="true" box="[199,352,871,896]" pageId="34" pageNumber="35">Distribution.</emphasis>
Tropical Atlantic (realm), Tropical Northwestern Atlantic (province): Southern Gulf of
<collectingRegion id="49AEC7DB920EC95A0219FCA9FA133DA4" box="[1350,1435,871,896]" country="Mexico" name="Mexico" pageId="34" pageNumber="35">
<collectingCountry id="F37D49A9920EC95A0219FCA9FA133DA4" box="[1350,1435,871,896]" name="Mexico" pageId="34" pageNumber="35">Mexico</collectingCountry>
</collectingRegion>
to
<collectingRegion id="49AEC7DB920EC95A07E6FC43FE853D80" box="[185,269,909,932]" country="Fiji" name="Eastern" pageId="34" pageNumber="35">Eastern</collectingRegion>
Caribbean (
<bibRefCitation id="EFFB74C8920EC95A06FEFC42FD353D80" author="Miloslavich, P. &amp; Diaz, J. M. &amp; Klein, E. &amp; Alvarado, J. J. &amp; Diaz, C. &amp; Gobin, J. &amp; Escobar-Briones, E. &amp; Cruz-Motta, J. J. &amp; Weil, E. &amp; Cortes, J." box="[417,701,908,933]" journalOrPublisher="PLoS ONE" pageId="34" pageNumber="35" pagination="11916" part="5" refId="ref51614" refString="Miloslavich, P., Diaz, J. M., Klein, E., Alvarado, J. J., Diaz, C., Gobin, J., Escobar-Briones, E., Cruz-Motta, J. J., Weil, E. &amp; Cortes, J. (2010) Marine Biodiversity in the Caribbean: Regional Estimates and Distribution Patterns. PLoS ONE, 5, e 11916. https: // doi. org / 10.1371 / journal. pone. 0011916" title="Marine Biodiversity in the Caribbean: Regional Estimates and Distribution Patterns" type="journal article" year="2010">
Miloslavich
<emphasis id="B91ED52B920EC95A0569FC43FDE53D80" box="[566,621,908,932]" italics="true" pageId="34" pageNumber="35">et al</emphasis>
. 2010
</bibRefCitation>
); Tropical Southwestern Atlantic (province): Northeastern and
<collectingRegion id="49AEC7DB920EC95A07C8FC7EFF633DE3" box="[151,235,944,967]" country="Fiji" name="Eastern" pageId="34" pageNumber="35">Eastern</collectingRegion>
<collectingCountry id="F37D49A9920EC95A07A8FC61FEB33DEC" box="[247,315,943,968]" name="Brazil" pageId="34" pageNumber="35">Brazil</collectingCountry>
(
<bibRefCitation id="EFFB74C8920EC95A0610FC61FDD43DEC" author="Magalhaes, W. F. &amp; Martins, L. R. &amp; Alves, O. F. S." box="[335,604,943,968]" journalOrPublisher="Brazilian Journal of Aquatic Science and Technology" pageId="34" pageNumber="35" pagination="61 - 65" part="9" refId="ref50751" refString="Magalhaes, W. F., Martins, L. R. &amp; Alves, O. F. S. (2005) Inventario dos Echinodermata do Estado da Bahia. Brazilian Journal of Aquatic Science and Technology, 9, 61 - 65. https: // doi. org / 10.14210 / bjast. v 9 n 1. p 61 - 65" title="Inventario dos Echinodermata do Estado da Bahia" type="journal article" year="2005">
Magalhães
<emphasis id="B91ED52B920EC95A0689FC7FFD853DEC" box="[470,525,944,968]" italics="true" pageId="34" pageNumber="35">et al</emphasis>
. 2005
</bibRefCitation>
;
<bibRefCitation id="EFFB74C8920EC95A0533FC7EFCC03DEC" author="Manso, C. L. C. &amp; Alves, O. F. S. &amp; Martins, L. R." box="[620,840,944,968]" journalOrPublisher="Biota Neotropica" pageId="34" pageNumber="35" pagination="179 - 196" part="8" refId="ref51159" refString="Manso, C. L. C., Alves, O. F. S. &amp; Martins, L. R. (2008) Echinodermata da Baia de Todos os Santos e da Baia de Aratu (Bahia, Brasil). Biota Neotropica, 8, 179 - 196. https: // doi. org / 10.1590 / S 1676 - 06032008000300017" title="Echinodermata da Baia de Todos os Santos e da Baia de Aratu (Bahia, Brasil)" type="journal article" year="2008">
Manso
<emphasis id="B91ED52B920EC95A059BFC7FFD723DEC" box="[708,762,944,968]" italics="true" pageId="34" pageNumber="35">et al</emphasis>
. 2008
</bibRefCitation>
;
<bibRefCitation id="EFFB74C8920EC95A0406FC61FBDC3DEC" author="Gondim, A. I. &amp; Alonso, C. &amp; Dias, T. L. P. &amp; Manso, C. L. C. &amp; Christoffersen, M. L." box="[857,1108,943,968]" journalOrPublisher="ZooKeys" pageId="34" pageNumber="35" pagination="45 - 96" part="307" refId="ref47757" refString="Gondim, A. I., Alonso, C., Dias, T. L. P., Manso, C. L. C. &amp; Christoffersen, M. L. (2013 a) A taxonomic guide to the brittle-stars (Echinodermata, Ophiuroidea) from the State of Paraiba continental shelf, Northeastern Brazil. ZooKeys, 307, 45 - 96. https: // doi. org / 10.3897 / zookeys. 307.4673" title="A taxonomic guide to the brittle-stars (Echinodermata, Ophiuroidea) from the State of Paraiba continental shelf, Northeastern Brazil" type="journal article" year="2013">
Gondim
<emphasis id="B91ED52B920EC95A049DFC7FFC703DEC" box="[962,1016,944,968]" italics="true" pageId="34" pageNumber="35">et al</emphasis>
. 2013a
</bibRefCitation>
). Temperate South America (realm), Warm Temperate Southwestern Atlantic (province): Southeastern
<collectingCountry id="F37D49A9920EC95A04AFFC1AFBBC3DC9" box="[1008,1076,980,1005]" name="Brazil" pageId="34" pageNumber="35">Brazil</collectingCountry>
(
<bibRefCitation id="EFFB74C8920EC95A031AFC1AFB533DC9" author="Lutken, C. F." bookContentInfo="95 pp." box="[1093,1243,980,1005]" journalOrPublisher="Kongelige Danske Videnskabernes Selskabs Skrifter, Copenhagen" pageId="34" pageNumber="35" pagination="177 - 271" refId="ref50491" refString="Lutken, C. F. (1859) Additamenta ad historiam Ophiuridarum: Beskrivelser af nye eller hidtil kun ufuldstaendigt kjendte Arter af Slangestjerner. Kongelige Danske Videnskabernes Selskabs Skrifter, Copenhagen, 95 pp. [pp. 177 - 271]" title="Additamenta ad historiam Ophiuridarum: Beskrivelser af nye eller hidtil kun ufuldstaendigt kjendte Arter af Slangestjerner" type="book chapter" year="1859">Lütken 1859</bibRefCitation>
;
<bibRefCitation id="EFFB74C8920EC95A03B5FC1AFA103DC8" author="Tommasi, L. R." box="[1258,1432,980,1005]" journalOrPublisher="Contribuicoes Avulsas do Instituto Oceanografico, Universidade de Sao Paulo" pageId="34" pageNumber="35" pagination="1 - 146" part="20" refId="ref54902" refString="Tommasi, L. R. (1970) Os ofiuroides recentes do Brasil e de regioes vizinhas. Contribuicoes Avulsas do Instituto Oceanografico, Universidade de Sao Paulo, 20, 1 - 146." title="Os ofiuroides recentes do Brasil e de regioes vizinhas" type="journal article" year="1970">Tommasi 1970</bibRefCitation>
;
<bibRefCitation id="EFFB74C8920EC95A07C8FC36FE2D3A34" author="Manso, C. L. C. &amp; Absalao, R. S." box="[151,421,1015,1040]" journalOrPublisher="Revista Brasileira de Biologia" pageId="34" pageNumber="35" pagination="75 - 82" part="48" refId="ref51105" refString="Manso, C. L. C. &amp; Absalao, R. S. (1988) Ophiuroidea: Situacao Pre Operacional nos sacos de Piraquara, regiao sob influencia da descarga da Central Nuclear Almirante Alvaro Alberto (CNAAA). Revista Brasileira de Biologia, 48, 75 - 82." title="Ophiuroidea: Situacao Pre Operacional nos sacos de Piraquara, regiao sob influencia da descarga da Central Nuclear Almirante Alvaro Alberto (CNAAA)" type="journal article" year="1988">Manso &amp; Absalão 1988</bibRefCitation>
;
<bibRefCitation id="EFFB74C8920EC95A06EFFC36FDB73A34" author="Manso, C. L. C." bookContentInfo="77 pp." box="[432,575,1016,1040]" journalOrPublisher="Universidade Federal do Parana, Parana" pageId="34" pageNumber="35" refId="ref50994" refString="Manso, C. L. C. (1991) Ophiuroidea (Echinodermata) da regiao sul-sudeste do Brasil, coletados durante as &quot; Operacoes Sueste do N / Oc. Almirante Saldanha &quot;. Phd thesis, Universidade Federal do Parana, Parana, 77 pp." title="Ophiuroidea (Echinodermata) da regiao sul-sudeste do Brasil, coletados durante as &quot; Operacoes Sueste do N / Oc. Almirante Saldanha" type="book" year="1991">Manso 1991</bibRefCitation>
;
<bibRefCitation id="EFFB74C8920EC95A0515FC39FCC63A34" author="Pires-Vanin, A. M. S. &amp; Corbisier, T. N. &amp; Arasaki, E. &amp; Moellmann, A. M." box="[586,846,1015,1040]" journalOrPublisher="Relatorios Tecnicos do Instituto Oceanografico" pageId="34" pageNumber="35" pagination="29 - 46" part="41" refId="ref53085" refString="Pires-Vanin, A. M. S., Corbisier, T. N., Arasaki, E. &amp; Moellmann, A. M. (1997) Composicao e distribuicao espaco-temporal da fauna bentica no Canal de Sao Sebastiao. Relatorios Tecnicos do Instituto Oceanografico, 41, 29 - 46." title="Composicao e distribuicao espaco-temporal da fauna bentica no Canal de Sao Sebastiao" type="journal article" year="1997">
Pires-Vanin
<emphasis id="B91ED52B920EC95A058BFC37FC8D3A34" box="[724,773,1016,1040]" italics="true" pageId="34" pageNumber="35">et al</emphasis>
. 1997
</bibRefCitation>
;
<bibRefCitation id="EFFB74C8920EC95A0405FC36FB913A34" author="Netto, L. F. &amp; Hadel, V. F. &amp; Tiago, C. G." box="[858,1049,1015,1040]" journalOrPublisher="Revista de Biologia Tropical" pageId="34" pageNumber="35" pagination="207 - 218" part="53" refId="ref52099" refString="Netto, L. F., Hadel, V. F. &amp; Tiago, C. G. (2005) Echinodermata from Sao Sebastiao Channel (Sao Paulo, Brazil). Revista de Biologia Tropical, 53, 207 - 218." title="Echinodermata from Sao Sebastiao Channel (Sao Paulo, Brazil)" type="journal article" year="2005">
Netto
<emphasis id="B91ED52B920EC95A04C0FC37FC583A34" box="[927,976,1016,1040]" italics="true" pageId="34" pageNumber="35">et al</emphasis>
. 2005
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;
<bibRefCitation id="EFFB74C8920EC95A037BFC39FAA23A34" author="Pires-Vanin, A. M. S. &amp; Muniz, P. &amp; Bromberg, S." box="[1060,1322,1015,1040]" journalOrPublisher="Check List" pageId="34" pageNumber="35" pagination="795 - 807" part="10" refId="ref53140" refString="Pires-Vanin, A. M. S., Muniz, P. &amp; Bromberg, S. (2014) Inventory of the marine soft bottom macrofauna of Sao Sebastiao Channel, southeastern Brazilian continental shelf. Check List, 10, 795 - 807. https: // doi. org / 10.15560 / 10.4.795" title="Inventory of the marine soft bottom macrofauna of Sao Sebastiao Channel, southeastern Brazilian continental shelf" type="journal article" year="2014">
Pires-Vanin
<emphasis id="B91ED52B920EC95A03F1FC37FB563A34" box="[1198,1246,1016,1040]" italics="true" pageId="34" pageNumber="35">et al</emphasis>
. 2014
</bibRefCitation>
).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BD50939920EC95A0798FBD3FEBB3A73" blockId="34.[151,1437,151,1328]" pageId="34" pageNumber="35">
From
<quantity id="4C92A4DC920EC95A0654FBD2FE0F3A10" box="[267,391,1052,1076]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.505" metricValueMax="3.0" metricValueMin="0.01" pageId="34" pageNumber="35" unit="m" value="150.5" valueMax="300.0" valueMin="1.0">1 to 300 m</quantity>
depth (
<bibRefCitation id="EFFB74C8920EC95A0683FBD2FD603A11" author="Borges, M. &amp; Amaral, A. C. Z." box="[476,744,1052,1077]" editor="Amaral, A. C. Z." journalOrPublisher="EdUSP, Sao Paulo" pageId="34" pageNumber="35" pagination="237 - 272" refId="ref45027" refString="Borges, M. &amp; Amaral, A. C. Z. (2005) Classe Ophiuroidea. In: Amaral, A. C. Z., Rizzo, A. E. &amp; Arruda, E. P. (Eds.), Manual de identificacao dos invertebrados marinhos da regiao sudeste-sul do Brasil. EdUSP, Sao Paulo, pp. 237 - 272." title="Classe Ophiuroidea" type="book chapter" volumeTitle="Manual de identificacao dos invertebrados marinhos da regiao sudeste-sul do Brasil" year="2005">Borges &amp; Amaral 2005</bibRefCitation>
). The present study samples occurred at depths ranging from
<quantity id="4C92A4DC920EC95A07C8FBF1FEA63A73" box="[151,302,1087,1112]" metricMagnitude="0" metricUnit="m" metricValue="9.0" metricValueMax="15.5" metricValueMin="2.5" pageId="34" pageNumber="35" unit="m" value="9.0" valueMax="15.5" valueMin="2.5">2.5 to 15.5 m</quantity>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BD50939920EC95A0798FBAAFE4D3B0B" blockId="34.[151,1437,151,1328]" pageId="34" pageNumber="35">
<emphasis id="B91ED52B920EC95A0798FBAAFE3E3A59" bold="true" box="[199,438,1124,1149]" pageId="34" pageNumber="35">Selected references.</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="EFFB74C8920EC95A069EFBAAFDE33A59" author="Lutken, C. F." bookContentInfo="95 pp." box="[449,619,1124,1149]" journalOrPublisher="Kongelige Danske Videnskabernes Selskabs Skrifter, Copenhagen" pageId="34" pageNumber="35" pagination="177 - 271" refId="ref50491" refString="Lutken, C. F. (1859) Additamenta ad historiam Ophiuridarum: Beskrivelser af nye eller hidtil kun ufuldstaendigt kjendte Arter af Slangestjerner. Kongelige Danske Videnskabernes Selskabs Skrifter, Copenhagen, 95 pp. [pp. 177 - 271]" title="Additamenta ad historiam Ophiuridarum: Beskrivelser af nye eller hidtil kun ufuldstaendigt kjendte Arter af Slangestjerner" type="book chapter" year="1859">Lütken (1859)</bibRefCitation>
: p. 258 [as
<taxonomicName id="4C6A72BA920EC95A05A2FBAAFC3A3A58" baseAuthorityName="Lütken" baseAuthorityYear="1859" box="[765,946,1124,1148]" class="Ophiuroidea" family="Amphiuridae" genus="Amphiura" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Ophiurida" pageId="34" pageNumber="35" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="species" species="riisei">
<emphasis id="B91ED52B920EC95A05A2FBAAFC3A3A58" box="[765,946,1124,1148]" italics="true" pageId="34" pageNumber="35">Amphiura riisei</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
];
<bibRefCitation id="EFFB74C8920EC95A048FFBAAFBE13A59" author="Clark, H. L." box="[976,1129,1124,1149]" journalOrPublisher="Memoirs of the Museum of Comparative Zoology" pageId="34" pageNumber="35" pagination="165 - 376" part="25" refId="ref46491" refString="Clark, H. L. (1915) Catalogue of Recent Ophiurans: Based on the Collection of the Museum of Comparative Zoology. Memoirs of the Museum of Comparative Zoology, 25, 165 - 376." title="Catalogue of Recent Ophiurans: Based on the Collection of the Museum of Comparative Zoology" type="journal article" year="1915">Clark (1915)</bibRefCitation>
: p. 249;
<bibRefCitation id="EFFB74C8920EC95A0389FBAAFF693A84" author="Parslow, R. E. &amp; Clark, A. M." journalOrPublisher="Studies on the Fauna of Curacao and others Caribbean Islands" pageId="34" pageNumber="35" pagination="24 - 50" part="XV" refId="ref52725" refString="Parslow, R. E. &amp; Clark, A. M. (1963) Ophiuroidea of the Lesser Antilles. Studies on the Fauna of Curacao and others Caribbean Islands, XV, 24 - 50." title="Ophiuroidea of the Lesser Antilles" type="journal article" year="1963">Parslow &amp; Clark (1963)</bibRefCitation>
: p. 30;
<bibRefCitation id="EFFB74C8920EC95A0667FB49FDA93A84" author="Albuquerque, M. N." bookContentInfo="409 pp." box="[312,545,1159,1184]" journalOrPublisher="Universidade de Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo" pageId="34" pageNumber="35" refId="ref43538" refString="Albuquerque, M. N. (1986) Ophiuroidea Gray, 1840 (Echinodermata) da plataforma continental do norte e nordeste brasileiro. Phd thesis, Universidade de Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, 409 pp." title="Ophiuroidea Gray, 1840 (Echinodermata) da plataforma continental do norte e nordeste brasileiro" type="book" year="1986">Albuquerque (1986)</bibRefCitation>
: p. 91, fig. 16 ad, est. IV fig. 1ac;
<bibRefCitation id="EFFB74C8920EC95A04E2FB49FBF43A84" author="Monteiro, A. M. G." bookContentInfo="166 pp." box="[957,1148,1159,1184]" journalOrPublisher="Universidade de Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo" pageId="34" pageNumber="35" refId="ref51774" refString="Monteiro, A. M. G. (1987) Ophiuroidea (Echinodermata) da regiao de Ubatuba (SP) - Aspectos morfologicos e ecologicos. Phd thesis, Universidade de Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, 166 pp." title="Ophiuroidea (Echinodermata) da regiao de Ubatuba (SP) - Aspectos morfologicos e ecologicos" type="book" year="1987">Monteiro (1987)</bibRefCitation>
: p. 45, est. IIIac;
<bibRefCitation id="EFFB74C8920EC95A0212FB46FED73AE1" author="Borges, M. &amp; Amaral, A. C. Z." editor="Amaral, A. C. Z." journalOrPublisher="EdUSP, Sao Paulo" pageId="34" pageNumber="35" pagination="237 - 272" refId="ref45027" refString="Borges, M. &amp; Amaral, A. C. Z. (2005) Classe Ophiuroidea. In: Amaral, A. C. Z., Rizzo, A. E. &amp; Arruda, E. P. (Eds.), Manual de identificacao dos invertebrados marinhos da regiao sudeste-sul do Brasil. EdUSP, Sao Paulo, pp. 237 - 272." title="Classe Ophiuroidea" type="book chapter" volumeTitle="Manual de identificacao dos invertebrados marinhos da regiao sudeste-sul do Brasil" year="2005">Borges &amp; Amaral (2005)</bibRefCitation>
: p. 257, fig. ac;
<bibRefCitation id="EFFB74C8920EC95A057AFB63FC813AE0" author="Manso, C. L. C. &amp; Alves, O. F. S. &amp; Martins, L. R." box="[549,777,1196,1220]" journalOrPublisher="Biota Neotropica" pageId="34" pageNumber="35" pagination="179 - 196" part="8" refId="ref51159" refString="Manso, C. L. C., Alves, O. F. S. &amp; Martins, L. R. (2008) Echinodermata da Baia de Todos os Santos e da Baia de Aratu (Bahia, Brasil). Biota Neotropica, 8, 179 - 196. https: // doi. org / 10.1590 / S 1676 - 06032008000300017" title="Echinodermata da Baia de Todos os Santos e da Baia de Aratu (Bahia, Brasil)" type="journal article" year="2008">
Manso
<emphasis id="B91ED52B920EC95A0526FB63FD233AE0" box="[633,683,1196,1220]" italics="true" pageId="34" pageNumber="35">et al</emphasis>
. (2008)
</bibRefCitation>
: p. 189, fig. 16a,b;
<bibRefCitation id="EFFB74C8920EC95A04BAFB62FB6D3AE0" author="Gondim, A. I. &amp; Alonso, C. &amp; Dias, T. L. P. &amp; Manso, C. L. C. &amp; Christoffersen, M. L." box="[997,1253,1196,1221]" journalOrPublisher="ZooKeys" pageId="34" pageNumber="35" pagination="45 - 96" part="307" refId="ref47757" refString="Gondim, A. I., Alonso, C., Dias, T. L. P., Manso, C. L. C. &amp; Christoffersen, M. L. (2013 a) A taxonomic guide to the brittle-stars (Echinodermata, Ophiuroidea) from the State of Paraiba continental shelf, Northeastern Brazil. ZooKeys, 307, 45 - 96. https: // doi. org / 10.3897 / zookeys. 307.4673" title="A taxonomic guide to the brittle-stars (Echinodermata, Ophiuroidea) from the State of Paraiba continental shelf, Northeastern Brazil" type="journal article" year="2013">
Gondim
<emphasis id="B91ED52B920EC95A0316FB63FBF33AE0" box="[1097,1147,1196,1220]" italics="true" pageId="34" pageNumber="35">et al</emphasis>
. (2013a)
</bibRefCitation>
: p. 58, fig. 4 fj [as
<taxonomicName id="4C6A72BA920EC95A079FFB1EFEF53AC3" baseAuthorityName="Lutken" baseAuthorityYear="1859" box="[192,381,1232,1256]" class="Ophiuroidea" family="Amphiuridae" genus="Amphiodia" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Ophiurida" pageId="34" pageNumber="35" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="species" species="riisei">
<emphasis id="B91ED52B920EC95A079FFB1EFEF53AC3" box="[192,381,1232,1256]" italics="true" pageId="34" pageNumber="35">Amphiodia riisei</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
];
<bibRefCitation id="EFFB74C8920EC95A06C9FB01FDC43ACC" author="Rathbun, R." bookContentInfo="40 pp." box="[406,588,1231,1256]" journalOrPublisher="Transactions of the Connecticut Academy of Arts and Science, New Haven" pageId="34" pageNumber="35" refId="ref53270" refString="Rathbun, R. (1879) A List of the Brazilian Echinoderms: With Notes on Their Distribution, Etc. Transactions of the Connecticut Academy of Arts and Science, New Haven, 40 pp. https: // doi. org / 10.5962 / bhl. title. 16126" title="A List of the Brazilian Echinoderms: With Notes on Their Distribution, Etc" type="book" year="1879">Rathbun (1879)</bibRefCitation>
: p. 155 [as
<taxonomicName id="4C6A72BA920EC95A058FFB1EFC173AC3" baseAuthorityName="Lütken" baseAuthorityYear="1859" box="[720,927,1232,1256]" class="Ophiuroidea" family="Amphiuridae" genus="Amphipholis" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Ophiurida" pageId="34" pageNumber="35" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="species" species="riisei">
<emphasis id="B91ED52B920EC95A058FFB1EFC173AC3" box="[720,927,1232,1256]" italics="true" pageId="34" pageNumber="35">Amphipholis riisei</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
];
<bibRefCitation id="EFFB74C8920EC95A04E6FB01FBB33ACC" author="Fell, H. B." box="[953,1083,1231,1256]" journalOrPublisher="Transactions of the Royal Society of New Zealand Zoology" pageId="34" pageNumber="35" pagination="1 - 26" part="2" refId="ref47379" refString="Fell, H. B. (1962) A Revision of the Major Genera of Amphiurid Ophiuroidea. Transactions of the Royal Society of New Zealand Zoology, 2, 1 - 26." title="A Revision of the Major Genera of Amphiurid Ophiuroidea" type="journal article" year="1962">Fell (1962)</bibRefCitation>
: p. 14;
<bibRefCitation id="EFFB74C8920EC95A03CEFB01FAC73ACC" author="Tommasi, L. R." box="[1169,1359,1231,1256]" journalOrPublisher="Contribuicoes Avulsas do Instituto Oceanografico, Universidade de Sao Paulo" pageId="34" pageNumber="35" pagination="1 - 146" part="20" refId="ref54902" refString="Tommasi, L. R. (1970) Os ofiuroides recentes do Brasil e de regioes vizinhas. Contribuicoes Avulsas do Instituto Oceanografico, Universidade de Sao Paulo, 20, 1 - 146." title="Os ofiuroides recentes do Brasil e de regioes vizinhas" type="journal article" year="1970">Tommasi (1970)</bibRefCitation>
: p. 28, fig. 22,23 [as
<taxonomicName id="4C6A72BA920EC95A066EFB3AFD8D3B28" box="[305,517,1268,1292]" class="Ophiuroidea" family="Amphiuridae" genus="Diamphiodia" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Ophiurida" pageId="34" pageNumber="35" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="species" species="riisei">
<emphasis id="B91ED52B920EC95A066EFB3AFD8D3B28" box="[305,517,1268,1292]" italics="true" pageId="34" pageNumber="35">Diamphiodia riisei</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
];
<bibRefCitation id="EFFB74C8920EC95A0542FB3AFC843B29" author="Hendler, G. &amp; Miller, J. E. &amp; Pawson, D. L. &amp; Kier, P. M." bookContentInfo="390 pp." box="[541,780,1268,1293]" journalOrPublisher="Smithsonian Institution Press, Washington" pageId="34" pageNumber="35" refId="ref48691" refString="Hendler, G., Miller, J. E., Pawson, D. L. &amp; Kier, P. M. (1995) Sea stars, sea urchins, and allies: echinoderms of Florida and the Caribbean. Smithsonian Institution Press, Washington, 390 pp. https: // doi. org / 10.1017 / s 0025315400031568" title="Sea stars, sea urchins, and allies: echinoderms of Florida and the Caribbean" type="book" year="1995">
Hendler
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: p. 175, fig. 90, 106 ce;
<bibRefCitation id="EFFB74C8920EC95A0378FB3AFB713B29" author="Alitto, R. A. S. &amp; Bueno, M. L. &amp; Di Domenico, M. &amp; Borges, M." box="[1063,1273,1268,1293]" journalOrPublisher="Check List" pageId="34" pageNumber="35" pagination="1 - 15" part="12" refId="ref43623" refString="Alitto, R. A. S., Bueno, M. L., Di Domenico, M. &amp; Borges, M. (2016) Annotated checklist of Echinoderms from Araca Bay, Southeastern Brazil. Check List, 12, 1 - 15. https: // doi. org / 10.15560 / 12.1.1836" title="Annotated checklist of Echinoderms from Araca Bay, Southeastern Brazil" type="journal article" year="2016">
Alitto
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<taxonomicName id="4C6A72BA920EC95A07E1FAD6FE3D3B0B" baseAuthorityName="Lütken" baseAuthorityYear="1859" box="[190,437,1304,1328]" class="Ophiuroidea" family="Amphiuridae" genus="Ophiophragmus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Ophiurida" pageId="34" pageNumber="35" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="species" species="riisei">
<emphasis id="B91ED52B920EC95A07E1FAD6FE3D3B0B" box="[190,437,1304,1328]" italics="true" pageId="34" pageNumber="35">Ophiophragmus riisei</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
].
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