212 lines
24 KiB
XML
212 lines
24 KiB
XML
<document id="60E0069BDC0DC088259C6F11B94845F7" ID-CLB-Dataset="5350" ID-DOI="10.11646/zootaxa.3817.1.1" ID-GBIF-Dataset="d66f1b27-5891-4fa5-96e0-f75cb3ec2445" ID-ISSN="1175-5326" ID-Zenodo-Dep="10086256" ID-ZooBank="A3C10B34-7698-4C4D-94E5-DCF70B475603" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1623272878632" checkinUser="felipe" docAuthor="Schmidt, C. A. & Shattuck, S. O." docDate="2014" docId="03775906A6BC2CE7FF17FBFA1560FE72" docLanguage="en" docName="zt03817p242.pdf.imf" docOrigin="Zootaxa 3817 (1)" docStyle="DocumentStyle:5EBBA59367AD13919D70D935FA04F6A3.14:Zootaxa.2013-.monograph" docStyleId="5EBBA59367AD13919D70D935FA04F6A3" docStyleName="Zootaxa.2013-.monograph" docStyleVersion="14" docTitle="Iroponera Schmidt & Shattuck, 2014, gen. nov." docType="treatment" docUuid="9F916384-FC59-462D-9F9D-F4094863C52F" docUuidSource="ZooBank" docVersion="8" lastPageNumber="198" masterDocId="FF4E217EA67F2C22FF80FFE61065FFFA" masterDocTitle="The Higher Classification of the Ant Subfamily Ponerinae (Hymenoptera: Formicidae), with a Review of Ponerine Ecology and Behavior" masterLastPageNumber="242" masterPageNumber="1" pageNumber="196" updateTime="1699920028738" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
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<mods:mods id="CE5F158C8B999F48E1C99215F657E1A8" xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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<mods:titleInfo id="FAB8766DDB47C8A78863B56EFF3B9C3D">
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<mods:title id="EF6F9A363C2FA2FD4C9A08555476B3AE">The Higher Classification of the Ant Subfamily Ponerinae (Hymenoptera: Formicidae), with a Review of Ponerine Ecology and Behavior</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="56197918832DF90CD41C78AA6063DC75">Schmidt, C. A.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:roleTerm id="CAC06302691FF558745301AF32B4BA2F">Author</mods:roleTerm>
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<mods:namePart id="E84BF181C80B606B23DA92E7B9E194A5">Shattuck, S. O.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:typeOfResource id="9F545439DACCC3DAB0C63322AAA5FBDF">text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:title id="28D0181A5F60A76F6657F1BF3375C056">Zootaxa</mods:title>
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<mods:part id="C7D36B78B21C94B88BDEED352A43179D">
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<mods:date id="8F7A9BBA26CBEB0BFB3EF3EC74AC43F0">2014</mods:date>
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<mods:number id="A50E9CB97E568BD92F8429AC9088F200">2014-06-18</mods:number>
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<mods:detail id="FE9715F3EC6F73465E35DBCB69EE758F" type="volume">
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<mods:number id="D93457E643928BCB24BAFBB8C96BD826">3817</mods:number>
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<mods:classification id="DEA43D78A36F411331E3C4741FDBFDC8">journal article</mods:classification>
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<mods:identifier id="30EBBA08AD3566FE6FA5BBC75B76D179" type="DOI">10.11646/zootaxa.3817.1.1</mods:identifier>
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<treatment id="03775906A6BC2CE7FF17FBFA1560FE72" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5117620" ID-GBIF-Taxon="183709932" ID-Zenodo-Dep="5117620" LSID="urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:9F916384-FC59-462D-9F9D-F4094863C52F" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/03775906A6BC2CE7FF17FBFA1560FE72" lastPageId="197" lastPageNumber="198" pageId="195" pageNumber="196">
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<subSubSection id="C3C4BB9BA6BC2CE1FF17FBFA11E3FBCC" box="[151,390,1052,1078]" pageId="195" pageNumber="196" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="8B61E810A6BC2CE1FF17FBFA11E3FBCC" blockId="195.[151,390,1052,1111]" box="[151,390,1052,1078]" pageId="195" pageNumber="196">
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<heading id="D0295F7CA6BC2CE1FF17FBFA11E3FBCC" bold="true" box="[151,390,1052,1078]" fontSize="11" level="2" pageId="195" pageNumber="196" reason="4">
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<emphasis id="B9AA3402A6BC2CE1FF17FBFA11E3FBCC" bold="true" box="[151,390,1052,1078]" pageId="195" pageNumber="196">
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<taxonomicName id="4CDE9393A6BC2CE1FF17FBFA1174FBCC" authorityName="Schmidt & Shattuck" authorityYear="2014" box="[151,273,1052,1078]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Iroponera" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="195" pageNumber="196" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus" status="gen. nov.">
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<emphasis id="B9AA3402A6BC2CE1FF17FBFA1174FBCC" bold="true" box="[151,273,1052,1078]" italics="true" pageId="195" pageNumber="196">Iroponera</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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<taxonomicNameLabel id="A2998979A6BC2CE1FE98FBFA11E3FBCC" box="[280,390,1052,1078]" pageId="195" pageNumber="196" rank="genus">gen. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
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</emphasis>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C3C4BB9BA6BC2CE1FF17FBD811D2FAFC" pageId="195" pageNumber="196" type="description">
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<paragraph id="8B61E810A6BC2CE1FF17FBD81083FBAD" blockId="195.[151,390,1052,1111]" box="[151,230,1086,1111]" pageId="195" pageNumber="196">
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<figureCitation id="13E5F495A6BC2CE1FF17FBD81083FBAD" box="[151,230,1086,1111]" captionStart="FIGURE 46" captionStartId="196.[151,250,1649,1671]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,193,1615]" captionTargetId="figure-151@196.[151,1436,193,1627]" captionTargetPageId="196" captionText="FIGURE 46. Worker caste of Iroponera odax: lateral and dorsal view of body and full-face view of head (holotype, MCZC); world distribution of Iroponera." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10120917" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10120917/files/figure.png" pageId="195" pageNumber="196">Fig. 46</figureCitation>
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8B61E810A6BC2CE1FF17FB60131FFB66" blockId="195.[151,890,1158,1180]" box="[151,890,1158,1180]" pageId="195" pageNumber="196">
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Type-species:
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<taxonomicName id="4CDE9393A6BC2CE1FEA8FB6111A0FB66" authorityName="Schmidt & Shattuck" authorityYear="2014" box="[296,453,1158,1180]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Iroponera" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="195" pageNumber="196" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="odax">
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<emphasis id="B9AA3402A6BC2CE1FEA8FB6111A0FB66" box="[296,453,1158,1180]" italics="true" pageId="195" pageNumber="196">Iroponera odax</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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(described below); by present designation.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8B61E810A6BC2CE1FF17FB2C11D2FAFC" blockId="195.[151,1437,1225,2006]" pageId="195" pageNumber="196">
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<taxonomicName id="4CDE9393A6BC2CE1FF17FB2C116DFB1B" authorityName="Schmidt & Shattuck" authorityYear="2014" box="[151,264,1226,1249]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Iroponera" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="195" pageNumber="196" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="B9AA3402A6BC2CE1FF17FB2C116DFB1B" box="[151,264,1226,1249]" italics="true" pageId="195" pageNumber="196">Iroponera</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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is a monotypic genus restricted to south-eastern
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<collectingCountry id="F3C9A880A6BC2CE1FCCEFB2F13DDFB18" box="[846,952,1225,1250]" name="Australia" pageId="195" pageNumber="196">Australia</collectingCountry>
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. It occurs in wet forested habitats and is infrequently encountered.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C3C4BB9BA6BC2CE1FF47FAF712D4FA88" pageId="195" pageNumber="196" type="etymology">
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<paragraph id="8B61E810A6BC2CE1FF47FAF712D4FA88" blockId="195.[151,1437,1225,2006]" pageId="195" pageNumber="196">
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<emphasis id="B9AA3402A6BC2CE1FF47FAF7112BFAD3" bold="true" box="[199,334,1297,1322]" pageId="195" pageNumber="196">Etymology.</emphasis>
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The name
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<taxonomicName id="4CDE9393A6BC2CE1FE4CFAF41258FAD3" authorityName="Schmidt & Shattuck" authorityYear="2014" box="[460,573,1298,1321]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Iroponera" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="195" pageNumber="196" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="B9AA3402A6BC2CE1FE4CFAF41258FAD3" box="[460,573,1298,1321]" italics="true" pageId="195" pageNumber="196">Iroponera</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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is based on the Latin
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<emphasis id="B9AA3402A6BC2CE1FCB4FAF4131DFAD3" box="[820,888,1298,1321]" italics="true" pageId="195" pageNumber="196">ironia</emphasis>
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, “assumed ignorance”, combined with the suffix “-ponera”, derived from the subfamily name
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<taxonomicName id="4CDE9393A6BC2CE1FD1AFAD3136BFAB4" box="[666,782,1333,1358]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="195" pageNumber="196" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subFamily" subFamily="Ponerinae">Ponerinae</taxonomicName>
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. The name expresses our surprise at finding such a novel genus in a well-collected country like
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<collectingCountry id="F3C9A880A6BC2CE1FDC3FABF12C8FA88" box="[579,685,1369,1394]" name="Australia" pageId="195" pageNumber="196">Australia</collectingCountry>
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.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C3C4BB9BA6BC2CE6FF47FA9B11C6F8D7" lastPageId="196" lastPageNumber="197" pageId="195" pageNumber="196" type="diagnosis">
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<paragraph id="8B61E810A6BC2CE1FF47FA9B1507F9DC" blockId="195.[151,1437,1225,2006]" pageId="195" pageNumber="196">
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<emphasis id="B9AA3402A6BC2CE1FF47FA9B1124FA6C" bold="true" box="[199,321,1405,1430]" pageId="195" pageNumber="196">Diagnosis.</emphasis>
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<taxonomicName id="4CDE9393A6BC2CE1FECCFA9811D8FA6F" authorityName="Schmidt & Shattuck" authorityYear="2014" box="[332,445,1406,1429]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Iroponera" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="195" pageNumber="196" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="B9AA3402A6BC2CE1FECCFA9811D8FA6F" box="[332,445,1406,1429]" italics="true" pageId="195" pageNumber="196">Iroponera</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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workers are recognizable by the presence of a single metabial spur, absence of eye (although small dimples or slight discolorations are sometimes present where the eyes would be expected) and elongate and narrow mandibles with three or four small, widely spaced teeth. In overall body shape and size
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<taxonomicName id="4CDE9393A6BC2CE1FF17FA0C116DF9FB" authorityName="Schmidt & Shattuck" authorityYear="2014" box="[151,264,1514,1537]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Iroponera" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="195" pageNumber="196" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="B9AA3402A6BC2CE1FF17FA0C116DF9FB" box="[151,264,1514,1537]" italics="true" pageId="195" pageNumber="196">Iroponera</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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closely resembles
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<taxonomicName id="4CDE9393A6BC2CE1FE6AFA0C1213F9FB" authorityName=", Taylor" authorityYear="1967" box="[490,630,1514,1537]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Hypoponera" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="195" pageNumber="196" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="B9AA3402A6BC2CE1FE6AFA0C1213F9FB" box="[490,630,1514,1537]" italics="true" pageId="195" pageNumber="196">Hypoponera</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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or
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<taxonomicName id="4CDE9393A6BC2CE1FD25FA0C1292F9FB" baseAuthorityName="Emery" baseAuthorityYear="1887" box="[677,759,1514,1537]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Ponera" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="195" pageNumber="196" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="B9AA3402A6BC2CE1FD25FA0C1292F9FB" box="[677,759,1514,1537]" italics="true" pageId="195" pageNumber="196">Ponera</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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, and all of these genera share the single metatibial spur. However, the unique mandibular shape and lack of eyes will separate this genus from others in the subfamily.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8B61E810A6BC2CE1FF47F9D712E9F874" blockId="195.[151,1437,1225,2006]" pageId="195" pageNumber="196">
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<emphasis id="B9AA3402A6BC2CE1FF47F9D711AFF9B0" bold="true" box="[199,458,1585,1610]" pageId="195" pageNumber="196">Synoptic description.</emphasis>
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<emphasis id="B9AA3402A6BC2CE1FE57F9D71248F9B0" box="[471,557,1585,1610]" italics="true" pageId="195" pageNumber="196">Worker.</emphasis>
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Small-sized (TL
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<quantity id="4C2645F5A6BC2CE1FC86F9D71300F9B0" box="[774,869,1585,1610]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.6" pageId="195" pageNumber="196" unit="mm" value="2.6">2.6 mm</quantity>
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) ants with the standard characters of
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<taxonomicName id="4CDE9393A6BC2CE1FAB6F9D715FCF9B0" baseAuthorityName="Forel" baseAuthorityYear="1917" box="[1334,1433,1585,1610]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="195" pageNumber="196" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="tribe" tribe="Ponerini">Ponerini</taxonomicName>
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. Mandibles elongate and narrow, with three or four small, widely spaced teeth on the masticatory margin, the basal margin essentially absent, and lacking a basal groove or pit. Anterior clypeal margin broadly rounded and convex. Frontal lobes moderately large. Antennae often with a four segmented apical club. Eyes essentially absent, at most with small dimples or slight discolorations present where the eyes would be expected. Metanotal groove reduced to a suture. Propodeum broad dorsally. Propodeal spiracles round to oval. Metatibial spur formula (1p). Petiole nodiform. Helcium projecting from near midheight of anterior face of A3. Prora reduced and apparently absent. Girdling constriction between pre- and postsclerites of A4 apparent. Head, mesosoma and petiole weakly sculptured and with a matte surface, gaster weakly punctate. Head and body with scattered pilosity and a moderately dense pubescence. Color orange.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8B61E810A6BC2CE1FF47F87C11A7F848" blockId="195.[151,1437,1225,2006]" box="[199,450,1945,1970]" pageId="195" pageNumber="196">
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<emphasis id="B9AA3402A6BC2CE1FF47F87C1172F84B" box="[199,279,1946,1969]" italics="true" pageId="195" pageNumber="196">Queen.</emphasis>
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<collectingRegion id="491A26F2A6BC2CE1FE9EF87C112DF84B" box="[286,328,1946,1969]" country="Cameroon" name="North" pageId="195" pageNumber="196">Not</collectingRegion>
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described.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8B61E810A6BC2CE1FF47F85B11D7F82C" blockId="195.[151,1437,1225,2006]" box="[199,434,1981,2006]" pageId="195" pageNumber="196">
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<emphasis id="B9AA3402A6BC2CE1FF47F85B116DF82C" box="[199,264,1981,2006]" italics="true" pageId="195" pageNumber="196">Male.</emphasis>
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<collectingRegion id="491A26F2A6BC2CE1FE8EF858115DF82F" box="[270,312,1982,2005]" country="Cameroon" name="North" pageId="195" pageNumber="196">Not</collectingRegion>
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described.
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</paragraph>
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<caption id="DFA1B898A6BB2CE6FF17F99711BFF95F" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10120917" ID-Zenodo-Dep="10120917" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10120917/files/figure.png" pageId="196" pageNumber="197" startId="196.[151,250,1649,1671]" targetBox="[151,1436,193,1615]" targetPageId="196">
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<paragraph id="8B61E810A6BB2CE6FF17F99711BFF95F" blockId="196.[151,1436,1649,1701]" pageId="196" pageNumber="197">
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<emphasis id="B9AA3402A6BB2CE6FF17F9971145F97C" bold="true" box="[151,288,1649,1671]" pageId="196" pageNumber="197">FIGURE 46.</emphasis>
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Worker caste of
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<taxonomicName id="4CDE9393A6BB2CE6FE50F994120BF97D" authorityName="Schmidt & Shattuck" authorityYear="2014" box="[464,622,1649,1671]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Iroponera" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="196" pageNumber="197" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="odax">
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<emphasis id="B9AA3402A6BB2CE6FE50F994120BF97D" box="[464,622,1649,1671]" italics="true" pageId="196" pageNumber="197">Iroponera odax</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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: lateral and dorsal view of body and full-face view of head (holotype, MCZC); world distribution of
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<taxonomicName id="4CDE9393A6BB2CE6FEEFF97611B1F95F" authorityName="Schmidt & Shattuck" authorityYear="2014" box="[367,468,1680,1701]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Iroponera" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="196" pageNumber="197" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="B9AA3402A6BB2CE6FEEFF97611B1F95F" box="[367,468,1680,1701]" italics="true" pageId="196" pageNumber="197">Iroponera</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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.
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</paragraph>
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</caption>
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<paragraph id="8B61E810A6BB2CE6FF47F92811D9F91F" blockId="196.[151,1436,1740,2017]" box="[199,444,1740,1765]" pageId="196" pageNumber="197">
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<emphasis id="B9AA3402A6BB2CE6FF47F9281174F91F" box="[199,273,1742,1765]" italics="true" pageId="196" pageNumber="197">Larva.</emphasis>
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<collectingRegion id="491A26F2A6BB2CE6FE98F92B1127F91E" box="[280,322,1741,1764]" country="Cameroon" name="North" pageId="196" pageNumber="197">Not</collectingRegion>
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described.
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</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8B61E810A6BB2CE6FF47F91611C6F8D7" blockId="196.[151,1436,1740,2017]" pageId="196" pageNumber="197">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9AA3402A6BB2CE6FF47F9161191F8F3" bold="true" box="[199,500,1776,1801]" pageId="196" pageNumber="197">Geographic distribution.</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4CDE9393A6BB2CE6FD81F9171217F8F2" authorityName="Schmidt & Shattuck" authorityYear="2014" box="[513,626,1777,1800]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Iroponera" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="196" pageNumber="197" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9AA3402A6BB2CE6FD81F9171217F8F2" box="[513,626,1777,1800]" italics="true" pageId="196" pageNumber="197">Iroponera</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<materialsCitation id="3BB6E24DA6BB2CE6FDFEF91611C5F8D7" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3325973304" country="Australia" location="New South Wales" pageId="196" pageNumber="197" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="New South Wales">
|
||
is restricted to south-eastern
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F3C9A880A6BB2CE6FC57F916145BF8F3" box="[983,1086,1776,1801]" name="Australia" pageId="196" pageNumber="197">Australia</collectingCountry>
|
||
(southern
|
||
<collectingRegion id="491A26F2A6BB2CE6FB41F91715FDF8F3" box="[1217,1432,1776,1801]" country="Australia" name="New South Wales" pageId="196" pageNumber="197">New South Wales</collectingRegion>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingRegion id="491A26F2A6BB2CE6FF17F8F21094F8D7" box="[151,241,1812,1837]" country="Australia" name="Victoria" pageId="196" pageNumber="197">Victoria</collectingRegion>
|
||
and
|
||
<collectingRegion id="491A26F2A6BB2CE6FEA7F8F211F2F8D7" box="[295,407,1812,1837]" country="Australia" name="Tasmania" pageId="196" pageNumber="197">Tasmania</collectingRegion>
|
||
)
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C3C4BB9BA6BB2CE7FF47F8DE1560FE72" lastPageId="197" lastPageNumber="198" pageId="196" pageNumber="197" type="biology_ecology">
|
||
<paragraph id="8B61E810A6BB2CE6FF47F8DE1453F844" blockId="196.[151,1436,1740,2017]" pageId="196" pageNumber="197">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9AA3402A6BB2CE6FF47F8DE11B3F8AB" bold="true" box="[199,470,1848,1873]" pageId="196" pageNumber="197">Ecology and behavior.</emphasis>
|
||
This genus has been encountered only a handful of times and very little is known regarding its biology. All collections have been made at wetter sites consisting of wet sclerophyll woodlands. Nests occur in soil under rocks or under bark and contain only a few workers. The lack of eyes, small body size and pale color suggest a hypogeic lifestyle, and this may explain their infrequent collection.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8B61E810A6BB2CE6FF47F82E15F9F81B" blockId="196.[151,1436,1740,2017]" box="[199,1436,1992,2017]" pageId="196" pageNumber="197">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9AA3402A6BB2CE6FF47F82E12B6F81B" bold="true" box="[199,723,1992,2017]" pageId="196" pageNumber="197">Phylogenetic and taxonomic considerations.</emphasis>
|
||
The placement of this genus within the
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4CDE9393A6BB2CE6FB18F82E156DF81B" box="[1176,1288,1992,2017]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="196" pageNumber="197" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subFamily" subFamily="Ponerinae">Ponerinae</taxonomicName>
|
||
has not been
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8B61E810A6BA2CE7FF17FF711560FE72" blockId="197.[151,1436,151,392]" pageId="197" pageNumber="198">
|
||
examined in detail as the taxon was not included in
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF4F95E1A6BA2CE7FD77FF7113D9FF4A" author="Schmidt, C." box="[759,956,151,176]" pageId="197" pageNumber="198" pagination="201 - 250" refId="ref161753" refString="Schmidt, C. (2013) Molecular phylogenetics of ponerine ants (Hymenoptera: Formicidae: Ponerinae). Zootaxa, 3647 (2), 201 - 250. http: // dx. doi. org / 10.11646 / zootaxa. 3647.2.1" type="journal article" year="2013">Schmidt’s (2013)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
phylogeny. While superficially similar to
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4CDE9393A6BA2CE7FF17FF5A1143FF2F" box="[151,294,188,213]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Dolioponera" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="197" pageNumber="198" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9AA3402A6BA2CE7FF17FF5A1143FF2F" box="[151,294,188,213]" italics="true" pageId="197" pageNumber="198">Dolioponera</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, another tiny, eyeless, depigmented, slender ponerine with clubbed antennae and generally cryptobiotic habitus, this similarity is undoubtedly convergent. W. L. Brown (pers. comm.) speculated that
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4CDE9393A6BA2CE7FF17FEE3116DFEE6" authorityName="Schmidt & Shattuck" authorityYear="2014" box="[151,264,261,284]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Iroponera" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="197" pageNumber="198" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9AA3402A6BA2CE7FF17FEE3116DFEE6" box="[151,264,261,284]" italics="true" pageId="197" pageNumber="198">Iroponera</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
might be close to
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4CDE9393A6BA2CE7FE53FEE21232FEE1" authorityName=", Emery" authorityYear="1893" box="[467,599,260,283]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Cryptopone" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="197" pageNumber="198" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9AA3402A6BA2CE7FE53FEE21232FEE1" box="[467,599,260,283]" italics="true" pageId="197" pageNumber="198">Cryptopone</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, but the lack of basal mandibular pits and mesotibial pusher setae, together with contrasting mesosomal shape and mandibular structure strongly suggest otherwise. In some ways, the
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4CDE9393A6BA2CE7FF17FEAB116DFE9E" authorityName="Schmidt & Shattuck" authorityYear="2014" box="[151,264,333,356]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Iroponera" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="197" pageNumber="198" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9AA3402A6BA2CE7FF17FEAB116DFE9E" box="[151,264,333,356]" italics="true" pageId="197" pageNumber="198">Iroponera</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
mandibles remind one of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4CDE9393A6BA2CE7FDB5FEAB12F0FE9E" box="[565,661,333,356]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Myopias" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="197" pageNumber="198" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9AA3402A6BA2CE7FDB5FEAB12F0FE9E" box="[565,661,333,356]" italics="true" pageId="197" pageNumber="198">Myopias</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, but they are not as long and close differently, nearer to the clypeal margin. Determining the exact placement of this genus within the subfamily will require further data.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |