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<mods:title id="3283EEC2FBCB78766855D4A3820554FA">An Appraisal of the Higher Classification of Cicadas (Hemiptera: Cicadoidea) with Special Reference to the Australian Fauna</mods:title>
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<mods:date id="C449DA632F58B684743D4E306576FFCC">2005</mods:date>
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<paragraph id="8BE1A42F4843FFC5EFDDFC3AFD2461C6" blockId="53.[214,655,989,1013]" box="[214,655,989,1013]" pageId="53" pageNumber="428">
<heading id="D0A913434843FFC5EFDDFC3AFD2461C6" box="[214,655,989,1013]" level="3" pageId="53" pageNumber="428">
<emphasis id="B92A783D4843FFC5EFDDFC3AFD2461C6" bold="true" box="[214,655,989,1013]" pageId="53" pageNumber="428">
Subfamily
<taxonomicName id="4C5EDFAC4843FFC5EE5CFC3AFD2461C6" authority="Distant, 1905" authorityName="Distant" authorityYear="1905" box="[343,655,989,1013]" class="Insecta" family="Cicadidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="53" pageNumber="428" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subFamily" subFamily="Tettigadinae">
Tettigadinae
<bibRefCitation id="EFCFD9DE4843FFC5EEF8FC3AFD2461C6" author="Distant, W. L." box="[499,655,989,1013]" firstAuthor="Distant" journalOrPublisher="Annals and Magazine of Natural History" pageId="53" pageNumber="428" pagination="58 - 70" part="7" refId="ref53159" refString="Distant, W. L., 1905 a. Rhynchotal notes. - XXIX. Annals and Magazine of Natural History (7) 15: 58 - 70." title="Rhynchotal notes. - XXIX" type="journal article" year="1905">Distant, 1905</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
</emphasis>
</heading>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C344F7A44843FFC5EF72FBF6FE1D66A3" pageId="53" pageNumber="428" type="reference_group">
<paragraph id="8BE1A42F4843FFC5EF72FBF6FE496616" blockId="53.[121,587,1040,1168]" box="[121,482,1040,1062]" pageId="53" pageNumber="428">
<treatmentCitationGroup id="AB4E83014843FFC5EF72FBF6FE496616" box="[121,482,1040,1062]" pageId="53" pageNumber="428">
<treatmentCitation id="0AFF823E4843FFC5EF72FBF6FE356615" author="Buckton, G &amp; B." box="[121,414,1041,1062]" page="270" pageId="53" pageNumber="428" year="1889">
<taxonomicName id="4C5EDFAC4843FFC5EF72FBF6FE356615" ID-CoL="8HBVF" authority="Buckton, 1889: 270" authorityName="Buckton" authorityPageNumber="270" authorityYear="1889" box="[121,414,1041,1062]" class="Insecta" family="Cicadidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="53" pageNumber="430" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subFamily" subFamily="Tibicinae">
Tibicinae
<bibRefCitation id="EFCFD9DE4843FFC5EFD0FBF6FE356615" author="Buckton, G &amp; B." box="[219,414,1041,1062]" firstAuthor="Buckton" journalOrPublisher="Entomologist" page="270" pageId="53" pageNumber="428" pagination="269 - 270" part="22" refId="ref52633" refString="Buckton, G. B., 1889. Notes on the classification of Cicadidae. Entomologist 22: 269 - 270." title="Notes on the classification of Cicadidae" type="journal article" year="1889">Buckton, 1889: 270</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
</treatmentCitation>
<emphasis id="B92A783D4843FFC5EEAEFBF7FE496616" bold="true" box="[421,482,1040,1061]" pageId="53" pageNumber="428">
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A219C5464843FFC5EEAEFBF7FE496616" box="[421,482,1040,1061]" pageId="53" pageNumber="428">n.syn.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
</treatmentCitationGroup>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BE1A42F4843FFC5EF72FBCCFDE06673" blockId="53.[121,587,1040,1168]" box="[121,587,1067,1088]" pageId="53" pageNumber="428">
<treatmentCitationGroup id="AB4E83014843FFC5EF72FBCCFDE06673" box="[121,587,1067,1088]" pageId="53" pageNumber="428">
<taxonomicName id="4C5EDFAC4843FFC5EF72FBCCFF436673" ID-CoL="8HBVF" authorityName="Distant" authorityYear="1905" box="[121,232,1067,1088]" class="Insecta" family="Cicadidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="53" pageNumber="430" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subFamily" subFamily="Tibicininae">Tibicininae</taxonomicName>
<emphasis id="B92A783D4843FFC5EFE5FBCCFE8F6673" box="[238,292,1067,1088]" italics="true" pageId="53" pageNumber="428">sensu</emphasis>
<treatmentCitation id="0AFF823E4843FFC5EE20FBCCFE466673" author="Distant, W. L." box="[299,493,1067,1088]" page="304" pageId="53" pageNumber="428" year="1905">
<bibRefCitation id="EFCFD9DE4843FFC5EE20FBCCFE466673" author="Distant, W. L." box="[299,493,1067,1088]" firstAuthor="Distant" journalOrPublisher="Annals and Magazine of Natural History" page="304" pageId="53" pageNumber="428" pagination="304 - 319" part="7" refId="ref53190" refString="Distant, W. L., 1905 b. Rhynchotal notes. - XXX. Annals and Magazine of Natural History (7) 15: 304 - 319." title="Rhynchotal notes. - XXX" type="journal article" year="1905" yearSuffix="b">Distant, 1905b: 304</bibRefCitation>
</treatmentCitation>
(partim).
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</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BE1A42F4843FFC5EF72FBA1FE696668" blockId="53.[121,587,1040,1168]" box="[121,450,1094,1115]" pageId="53" pageNumber="428">
<treatmentCitationGroup id="AB4E83014843FFC5EF72FBA1FE696668" box="[121,450,1094,1115]" pageId="53" pageNumber="428">
<taxonomicName id="4C5EDFAC4843FFC5EF72FBA1FE156668" authority="Distant, 1905" authorityName="Distant" authorityYear="1905" box="[121,446,1094,1115]" class="Insecta" family="Cicadidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="53" pageNumber="428" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subFamily" subFamily="Tettigadinae">
Tettigadinae
<treatmentCitation id="0AFF823E4843FFC5EFF3FBA1FE156668" author="Distant, W. L." box="[248,446,1094,1115]" page="479" pageId="53" pageNumber="428" year="1905">
<bibRefCitation id="EFCFD9DE4843FFC5EFF3FBA1FE156668" author="Distant, W. L." box="[248,446,1094,1115]" firstAuthor="Distant" journalOrPublisher="Annals and Magazine of Natural History" page="479" pageId="53" pageNumber="428" pagination="478 - 486" part="7" refId="ref53252" refString="Distant, W. L., 1905 d. Rhynchotal notes. - XXXII. Annals and Magazine of Natural History (7) 15: 478 - 486." title="Rhynchotal notes. - XXXII" type="journal article" year="1905" yearSuffix="d">Distant, 1905d: 479</bibRefCitation>
</treatmentCitation>
</taxonomicName>
.
</treatmentCitationGroup>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BE1A42F4843FFC5EF72FB86FDEF6645" blockId="53.[121,587,1040,1168]" box="[121,580,1121,1142]" pageId="53" pageNumber="428">
<treatmentCitationGroup id="AB4E83014843FFC5EF72FB86FDEF6645" box="[121,580,1121,1142]" pageId="53" pageNumber="428">
<treatmentCitation id="0AFF823E4843FFC5EF72FB86FE4D6645" author="Metcalf, Z. P." box="[121,486,1121,1142]" page="247" pageId="53" pageNumber="428" year="1939">
<taxonomicName id="4C5EDFAC4843FFC5EF72FB86FE4D6645" authority="sensu Metcalf, 1939: 247" authorityName="sensu Metcalf" authorityPageNumber="247" authorityYear="1939" box="[121,486,1121,1142]" class="Insecta" family="Tibicinidae" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="53" pageNumber="428" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="family">
Tibicinidae
<emphasis id="B92A783D4843FFC5EFE5FB86FE8F6645" box="[238,292,1121,1142]" italics="true" pageId="53" pageNumber="428">sensu</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="EFCFD9DE4843FFC5EE20FB86FE4D6645" author="Metcalf, Z. P." box="[299,486,1121,1142]" firstAuthor="Metcalf" journalOrPublisher="Journal of the Society for the Bibliography of Natural History" page="247" pageId="53" pageNumber="428" pagination="241 - 248" part="1" refId="ref56574" refString="Metcalf, Z. P., 1939. Hints on bibliographies. Journal of the Society for the Bibliography of Natural History 1: 241 - 248." title="Hints on bibliographies" type="journal article" year="1939">Metcalf, 1939: 247</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
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(partim).
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</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BE1A42F4843FFC5EF72FB9CFE1D66A3" blockId="53.[121,587,1040,1168]" box="[121,438,1147,1168]" pageId="53" pageNumber="428">
<treatmentCitationGroup id="AB4E83014843FFC5EF72FB9CFED966A3" box="[121,370,1147,1168]" pageId="53" pageNumber="428">
<treatmentCitation id="0AFF823E4843FFC5EF72FB9CFED966A3" author="Kato, M" box="[121,370,1147,1168]" pageId="53" pageNumber="428" year="1932">
<taxonomicName id="4C5EDFAC4843FFC5EF72FB9CFED966A3" authority="Kato, 1932" authorityName="Kato" authorityYear="1932" box="[121,370,1147,1168]" class="Insecta" family="Cicadidae" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF,CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="53" pageNumber="428" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subFamily" subFamily="Platypediinae">
Platypediinae
<bibRefCitation id="EFCFD9DE4843FFC5EE0EFB9CFED966A3" author="Kato, M" bookContentInfo="450 pp." box="[261,370,1147,1168]" firstAuthor="Kato" journalOrPublisher="San Sei Do, Tokyo" pageId="53" pageNumber="428" refId="ref55615" refString="Kato, M., 1932. Monograph of Cicadidae. San Sei Do, Tokyo. 450 pp., 32 pls. [In Japanese but partly supplemented by English.]" title="Monograph of Cicadidae." type="book" year="1932">Kato, 1932</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
</treatmentCitation>
</treatmentCitationGroup>
<emphasis id="B92A783D4843FFC5EE72FB9CFE1D66A3" bold="true" box="[377,438,1147,1168]" pageId="53" pageNumber="428">
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A219C5464843FFC5EE72FB9CFE1D66A3" box="[377,438,1147,1168]" pageId="53" pageNumber="428">n.syn.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C344F7A44843FFC5EF72FB4AFB6C63E5" pageId="53" pageNumber="428" type="discussion">
<paragraph id="8BE1A42F4843FFC5EF72FB4AFB6C63E5" blockId="53.[121,749,1197,1454]" lastBlockId="53.[794,1422,153,470]" pageId="53" pageNumber="428">
If one follows the principle of priority (
<emphasis id="B92A783D4843FFC5ED24FB4AFDC366F7" box="[559,616,1197,1220]" italics="true" pageId="53" pageNumber="428">Code</emphasis>
, Article 23) then the name
<taxonomicName id="4C5EDFAC4843FFC5EE10FB2DFE3E66D2" authorityName="Distant" authorityYear="1905" box="[283,405,1226,1249]" class="Insecta" family="Cicadidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="53" pageNumber="430" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subFamily" subFamily="Tibicininae">Tibicininae</taxonomicName>
should take priority as it is the oldest available family-group name associated with the genera included in this new subfamily concept
<superScript id="7C2B09674843FFC5ED7BFAE4FDD36721" attach="left" box="[624,632,1283,1298]" fontSize="6" pageId="53" pageNumber="428">1</superScript>
. However, the name
<taxonomicName id="4C5EDFAC4843FFC5EFD5FAC5FEFC670A" authorityName="Distant" authorityYear="1905" box="[222,343,1314,1337]" class="Insecta" family="Cicadidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="53" pageNumber="430" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subFamily" subFamily="Tibicininae">Tibicininae</taxonomicName>
previously represented a major family group of quite different concept as discussed at length throughout much of this paper. To now change its meaning would not only cause confusion in this regard but more importantly perpetuate a multitude of digressions and confusion previously associated with it and which are well documented by
<bibRefCitation id="EFCFD9DE4843FFC5ECC0FF50FBD362FD" author="Boulard, M" box="[971,1144,183,206]" firstAuthor="Boulard" journalOrPublisher="Ecole pratique des hautes Etudes, travaux du Laboratoire Biologie et Evolution des Insectes Hemipteroidea" pageId="53" pageNumber="428" pagination="1 - 89" part="1" refId="ref51820" refString="Boulard, M., 1988 a. Taxonomie et nomenclature superieures des Cicadoidea. Histoire problemes et solutions. Ecole pratique des hautes Etudes, travaux du Laboratoire Biologie et Evolution des Insectes Hemipteroidea 1: 1 - 89. [An earlier version, issued in 1987, was for private circulation only and as such does not constitute formal publication. See also Boulard, M., 1998, for a revised edition of this work.]" title="Taxonomie et nomenclature superieures des Cicadoidea. Histoire problemes et solutions" type="journal article" year="1988" yearSuffix="a">Boulard (1988a</bibRefCitation>
,
<bibRefCitation id="EFCFD9DE4843FFC5EB8EFF50FB1662FD" author="Boulard, M" box="[1157,1213,183,206]" firstAuthor="Boulard" journalOrPublisher="Ecole pratique des hautes Etudes, Biologie et Evolution des Insectes" pageId="53" pageNumber="428" pagination="79 - 129" part="10" refId="ref52379" refString="Boulard, M., 1998. Nomenclature et taxonomie superieures des Cicadoidea ou vraies cigales: histoire, problemes et solutions (Rhynchota Homoptera Cicadomorpha). Ecole pratique des hautes Etudes, Biologie et Evolution des Insectes 10: 79 - 129. [For English translation see Boulard, M., 2001. For an earlier edition see Boulard, M. 1988.]" title="Nomenclature et taxonomie superieures des Cicadoidea ou vraies cigales: histoire, problemes et solutions (Rhynchota Homoptera Cicadomorpha)" type="journal article" year="1998">1998</bibRefCitation>
,
<bibRefCitation id="EFCFD9DE4843FFC5EBC0FF50FAAE62FD" author="Boulard, M" box="[1227,1285,183,206]" firstAuthor="Boulard" journalOrPublisher="Ecole pratique des hautes Etudes, Biologie et Evolution des Insectes" pageId="53" pageNumber="428" pagination="1 - 47" part="14" refId="ref52448" refString="Boulard, M., 2001. Higher taxonomy and nomenclature of the Cicadoidea or true cicadas: history, problems and solutions (Rhynchota Auchenorhyncha Cicadomorpha). Ecole pratique des hautes Etudes, Biologie et Evolution des Insectes 14: 1 - 47. [An English translation of Boulard, M., 1998.]" title="Higher taxonomy and nomenclature of the Cicadoidea or true cicadas: history, problems and solutions (Rhynchota Auchenorhyncha Cicadomorpha)" type="journal article" year="2001">2001</bibRefCitation>
). I therefore take this opportunity to abandon the use of the name
<taxonomicName id="4C5EDFAC4843FFC5EC11FF16FC3F633B" authorityName="Distant" authorityYear="1905" box="[794,916,241,264]" class="Insecta" family="Cicadidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="53" pageNumber="430" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subFamily" subFamily="Tibicininae">Tibicininae</taxonomicName>
and its family-group derivatives and adopt the next available family-group name,
<taxonomicName id="4C5EDFAC4843FFC5EBAFFEE8FA866315" authorityName="Distant" authorityYear="1905" box="[1188,1325,271,294]" class="Insecta" family="Cicadidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="53" pageNumber="428" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subFamily" subFamily="Tettigadinae">Tettigadinae</taxonomicName>
, a name which not only lacks a history of confusion but also retains its meaning to a large extent in this new concept. Official use of
<taxonomicName id="4C5EDFAC4843FFC5EC66FE80FC51634D" authorityName="Distant" authorityYear="1905" box="[877,1018,359,382]" class="Insecta" family="Cicadidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="53" pageNumber="428" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subFamily" subFamily="Tettigadinae">Tettigadinae</taxonomicName>
requires suppression of the name
<taxonomicName id="4C5EDFAC4843FFC5EC11FE63FC0A63A8" authorityName="Distant" authorityYear="1905" box="[794,929,388,411]" class="Insecta" family="Cicadidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="53" pageNumber="430" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subFamily" subFamily="Tibicininae">Tibicininae</taxonomicName>
and its derivatives by the International Commission of Zoology Nomenclature (
<emphasis id="B92A783D4843FFC5EBC6FE46FAAD638B" box="[1229,1286,417,440]" italics="true" pageId="53" pageNumber="428">Code</emphasis>
, Article 19); a case for suppression is in preparation.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C344F7A44843FFC5EC11FE0CFBE4602C" pageId="53" pageNumber="428" type="type_taxon">
<paragraph id="8BE1A42F4843FFC5EC11FE0CFBE4602C" blockId="53.[794,1422,491,543]" pageId="53" pageNumber="428">
<emphasis id="B92A783D4843FFC5EC11FE0CFC306030" bold="true" box="[794,923,491,515]" pageId="53" pageNumber="428">Type genus</emphasis>
.
<taxonomicName id="4C5EDFAC4843FFC5ECA3FE0CFB716031" ID-CoL="8HRYY" authority="Amyot &amp; Serville" authorityName="Amyot &amp; Serville" box="[936,1242,491,514]" class="Insecta" family="Cicadidae" genus="Tettigades" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="53" pageNumber="428" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B92A783D4843FFC5ECA3FE0CFBBD6031" box="[936,1046,491,514]" italics="true" pageId="53" pageNumber="428">Tettigades</emphasis>
Amyot &amp; Serville
</taxonomicName>
(type species:
<taxonomicName id="4C5EDFAC4843FFC5EA71FE0CFBE8602C" ID-CoL="7C667" authority="Amyot &amp; Serville" authorityName="Amyot &amp; Serville" class="Insecta" family="Cicadidae" genus="Tettigades" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="53" pageNumber="428" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="chilensis">
<emphasis id="B92A783D4843FFC5EA71FE0CFCD3602C" italics="true" pageId="53" pageNumber="428">T. chilensis</emphasis>
Amyot &amp; Serville
</taxonomicName>
).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C344F7A44843FFC5EC11FDD3FC74605A" pageId="53" pageNumber="428" type="taxon_list">
<paragraph id="8BE1A42F4843FFC5EC11FDD3FC74605A" blockId="53.[794,1421,564,617]" pageId="53" pageNumber="428">
<emphasis id="B92A783D4843FFC5EC11FDD3FC64607F" bold="true" box="[794,975,564,588]" pageId="53" pageNumber="428">Included tribes</emphasis>
. Platypediini Kato, Tettigadini Distant,
<taxonomicName id="4C5EDFAC4843FFC5EC11FDB5FC2F605A" authorityName="Distant" authorityYear="1905" box="[794,900,594,617]" class="Insecta" family="Cicadidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="53" pageNumber="428" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="tribe" tribe="Tibicinini">Tibicinini</taxonomicName>
Distant.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C344F7A44843FFC5EC11FD99FAE966E1" pageId="53" pageNumber="428" type="diagnosis">
<paragraph id="8BE1A42F4843FFC5EC11FD99FB886188" blockId="53.[794,1422,638,955]" pageId="53" pageNumber="428">
<emphasis id="B92A783D4843FFC5EC11FD99FC2360A5" bold="true" box="[794,904,638,662]" pageId="53" pageNumber="428">Diagnosis</emphasis>
. Metanotum entirely concealed at dorsal midline (except in
<taxonomicName id="4C5EDFAC4843FFC5EC86FD7BFBA96080" authorityName="Uhler" authorityYear="1888" box="[909,1026,668,691]" class="Insecta" family="Cicadidae" genus="Platypedia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="53" pageNumber="428" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B92A783D4843FFC5EC86FD7BFBA96080" box="[909,1026,668,691]" italics="true" pageId="53" pageNumber="428">Platypedia</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and
<taxonomicName id="4C5EDFAC4843FFC5EB33FD7BFB3A6080" box="[1080,1169,668,691]" class="Insecta" family="Cicadidae" genus="Tibicina" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="53" pageNumber="428" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B92A783D4843FFC5EB33FD7BFB3A6080" box="[1080,1169,668,691]" italics="true" pageId="53" pageNumber="428">Tibicina</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
). Fore wing veins CuP and 1A unfused. Hind wing 1st cubital cell width at distal end about equal to 2nd cubital cell; veins RP and M unfused at their bases. Rim of abdominal timbal cavity with a turnedback rim. Pygofer with distal shoulder undeveloped; pygofer upper lobe absent. Uncus exceedingly long and nonretractable within pygofer. Claspers absent. Aedeagus with ventrobasal pocket present; aedeagal restrained by tubular encapsulation below uncus. Apical part of theca with a pair of leaf-like lateral lobes.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BE1A42F4843FFC5EC11FC37FAE966E1" blockId="53.[794,1422,976,1234]" pageId="53" pageNumber="428">
<emphasis id="B92A783D4843FFC5EC11FC37FBEA61DB" bold="true" box="[794,1089,976,1000]" pageId="53" pageNumber="428">Distinguishing characters</emphasis>
. Fore wing veins CuP and 1A not fused. Hind wing veins RP and M unfused at base. Uncus exceedingly long and non-retractable within pygofer. Aedeagus with ventrobasal pocket present. Aedeagus with apical part of theca bearing a pair of leaf-like lateral lobes and a non-retractable tubular vesica. The male opercula have a distinctive S-shape, their lateral margins deeply concave, distal margins not reaching distal margins of tympanal cavities, basally not extending beyond meracantha.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C344F7A44843FFC5EC11FB00FB40679D" pageId="53" pageNumber="428" type="discussion">
<paragraph id="8BE1A42F4843FFC5EC11FB00FB40679D" blockId="53.[794,1422,1255,1454]" pageId="53" pageNumber="428">
<emphasis id="B92A783D4843FFC5EC11FB00FC3D66CC" bold="true" box="[794,918,1255,1279]" pageId="53" pageNumber="428">Discussion</emphasis>
. This is an entirely new subfamily concept expanded to incorporate the former
<taxonomicName id="4C5EDFAC4843FFC5EB9BFAE2FABD672F" authorityName="Distant" authorityYear="1905" box="[1168,1302,1285,1308]" class="Insecta" family="Cicadidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="53" pageNumber="428" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subFamily" subFamily="Tettigadinae">Tettigadinae</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="4C5EDFAC4843FFC5EA14FAE2FCEC670A" authorityName="Kato" authorityYear="1932" class="Insecta" family="Cicadidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="53" pageNumber="416" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subFamily" subFamily="Platypediinae">Platypediinae</taxonomicName>
and the tribe
<taxonomicName id="4C5EDFAC4843FFC5ECD8FAC5FB94670A" authorityName="Distant" authorityYear="1905" box="[979,1087,1314,1337]" class="Insecta" family="Cicadidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="53" pageNumber="428" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="tribe" tribe="Tibicinini">Tibicinini</taxonomicName>
. Previously identified attributes for the
<taxonomicName id="4C5EDFAC4843FFC5EC63FAD8FC466765" authorityName="Distant" authorityYear="1905" box="[872,1005,1343,1366]" class="Insecta" family="Cicadidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="53" pageNumber="428" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subFamily" subFamily="Tettigadinae">Tettigadinae</taxonomicName>
in its former concept (
<bibRefCitation id="EFCFD9DE4843FFC5EBEEFAD8FA226765" author="Distant, W. L." box="[1253,1417,1343,1366]" firstAuthor="Distant" journalOrPublisher="Annals and Magazine of Natural History" pageId="53" pageNumber="428" pagination="478 - 486" part="7" refId="ref53252" refString="Distant, W. L., 1905 d. Rhynchotal notes. - XXXII. Annals and Magazine of Natural History (7) 15: 478 - 486." title="Rhynchotal notes. - XXXII" type="journal article" year="1905" yearSuffix="d">Distant, 1905d</bibRefCitation>
;
<bibRefCitation id="EFCFD9DE4843FFC5EC11FABAFC686747" author="Jacobi, A." box="[794,963,1373,1396]" firstAuthor="Jacobi" journalOrPublisher="Zoologischer Anzeiger" pageId="53" pageNumber="428" pagination="67 - 71" part="32" refId="ref55319" refString="Jacobi, A., 1907 b. Ein Schrillapparat bei Singcicaden. Zoologischer Anzeiger 32: 67 - 71." title="Ein Schrillapparat bei Singcicaden" type="journal article" year="1907" yearSuffix="b">Jacobi, 1907b</bibRefCitation>
;
<bibRefCitation id="EFCFD9DE4843FFC5ECDFFABAFBCA6747" author="Chen, Kia-ziang" box="[980,1121,1373,1396]" firstAuthor="Chen" journalOrPublisher="Journal of the New York Entomological Society" pageId="53" pageNumber="428" pagination="19 - 52" part="51" refId="ref52764" refString="Chen, Kia-ziang, 1943. New genera and species of Chinese cicadas with synonymical and nomenclatorial notes. Journal of the New York Entomological Society 51: 19 - 52, pls I - II." title="New genera and species of Chinese cicadas with synonymical and nomenclatorial notes" type="journal article" year="1943">Chen, 1943</bibRefCitation>
;
<bibRefCitation id="EFCFD9DE4843FFC5EB79FABAFA876747" author="Boulard, M" box="[1138,1324,1373,1396]" firstAuthor="Boulard" journalOrPublisher="Journal of Natural History" pageId="53" pageNumber="428" pagination="399 - 407" part="10" refId="ref51560" refString="Boulard, M., 1976 a. Un type nouveau d'appareil stridulant accessoire pour les Cicadoidea. Revision de la classification superieure de la superfamille (Hom.). Journal of Natural History 10: 399 - 407." title="Un type nouveau d'appareil stridulant accessoire pour les Cicadoidea. Revision de la classification superieure de la superfamille (Hom.)" type="journal article" year="1976" yearSuffix="a">Boulard, 1976a</bibRefCitation>
,
<bibRefCitation id="EFCFD9DE4843FFC5EA36FABAFA226747" author="Boulard, M" box="[1341,1417,1373,1396]" firstAuthor="Boulard" journalOrPublisher="Annales de la Societe Entomologique de France (n. s.)" pageId="53" pageNumber="428" pagination="191 - 204" part="22" refId="ref51762" refString="Boulard, M., 1986 b. Une singuliere evolution morphologique: celle d'un appareil stridulant sur les genitalia des males de Carineta. Description de cinq especes nouvelles (Hom. Tibicinidae). Annales de la Societe Entomologique de France (n. s.) 22 (2): 191 - 204." title="Une singuliere evolution morphologique: celle d'un appareil stridulant sur les genitalia des males de Carineta. Description de cinq especes nouvelles (Hom. Tibicinidae)" type="journal article" year="1986" yearSuffix="b">1986b</bibRefCitation>
;
<bibRefCitation id="EFCFD9DE4843FFC5EC11FA9DFC1167A2" author="Hayashi, M." box="[794,954,1402,1425]" firstAuthor="Hayashi" journalOrPublisher="Cicada (Transactions of the Japanese Cicada Club)" pageId="53" pageNumber="428" pagination="25 - 51" part="5" refId="ref54981" refString="Hayashi, M., 1984. A review of the Japanese Cicadidae. Cicada (Transactions of the Japanese Cicada Club) 5 (2 / 3 / 4): 25 - 51." title="A review of the Japanese Cicadidae" type="journal article" year="1984">Hayashi, 1984</bibRefCitation>
;
<bibRefCitation id="EFCFD9DE4843FFC5ECCDFA9DFBF667A2" author="Duffels, J. P." box="[966,1117,1402,1425]" firstAuthor="Duffels" journalOrPublisher="Journal of Natural History" pageId="53" pageNumber="428" pagination="1223 - 1237" part="27" refId="ref53862" refString="Duffels, J. P., 1993. The systematic position of Moana expansa (Homoptera: Cicadidae), with reference to sound organs and the higher classification of the superfamily Cicadoidea. Journal of Natural History 27: 1223 - 1237." title="The systematic position of Moana expansa (Homoptera: Cicadidae), with reference to sound organs and the higher classification of the superfamily Cicadoidea" type="journal article" year="1993">Duffels, 1993</bibRefCitation>
;
<bibRefCitation id="EFCFD9DE4843FFC5EB62FA9DFA8367A2" author="Chou, I. &amp; Z. Lei &amp; L. Li &amp; X. Lu &amp; W. Yao" bookContentInfo="380 + 5 pp., 16 pls + 4 pls of figs." box="[1129,1320,1402,1425]" etAl="et al." firstAuthor="Chou" journalOrPublisher="Hong Kong: Tianze Eldoneio." pageId="53" pageNumber="428" refId="ref52858" refString="Chou, I., Z. Lei, L. Li, X. Lu &amp; W. Yao, 1997. The Cicadidae of China (Homoptera: Cicadoidea). Hong Kong: Tianze Eldoneio. 380 + 5 pp., 16 pls + 4 pls of figs. [In Chinese supplemented by English.]" title="The Cicadidae of China (Homoptera: Cicadoidea)" type="book" year="1997">
Chou
<emphasis id="B92A783D4843FFC5EBA0FA9DFB7067A2" box="[1195,1243,1402,1425]" italics="true" pageId="53" pageNumber="428">et al</emphasis>
., 1997
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) are now applicable at tribal rank for the Tettigadini.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>
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