treatments-xml/data/03/CC/87/03CC87E4FF954348FF02C08D8A03FAE7.xml

<document id="D7A405C6926E8A2AB342D6EFB885FCF4" ID-DOI="10.11646/zootaxa.4017.1.1" ID-GBIF-Dataset="086efdb4-44cf-4c0b-a796-1eb81f2cdd24" ID-ISSN="1175-5326" ID-Zenodo-Dep="245475" ID-ZooBank="BBFC3D93-6A7E-4862-84EF-021ADE2F4B3A" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1461250260060" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Zuparko, Robert L." docDate="2015" docId="03CC87E4FF954348FF02C08D8A03FAE7" docLanguage="en" docName="zt04017p126.pdf" docOrigin="Zootaxa 4017 (1)" docStyle="DocumentStyle:5EBBA59367AD13919D70D935FA04F6A3.14:Zootaxa.2013-.monograph" docStyleId="5EBBA59367AD13919D70D935FA04F6A3" docStyleName="Zootaxa.2013-.monograph" docStyleVersion="14" docTitle="Cheiloneurus Westwood 1833" docType="treatment" docVersion="13" lastPageNumber="20" masterDocId="FFF5FF9CFF84435BFF95C5638839FF90" masterDocTitle="Annotated Checklist of California Encyrtidae (Hymenoptera)" masterLastPageNumber="126" masterPageNumber="1" pageNumber="18" updateTime="1698607410885" updateUser="plazi">
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<mods:title id="EC96F7BC24AF86543E48A947CDA132D6">Annotated Checklist of California Encyrtidae (Hymenoptera)</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="68D047B327A0EACE4A1B47145A169134">Zuparko, Robert L.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:date id="8D54D3E20583259BFB26795663E620AE">2015</mods:date>
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<mods:number id="0068B0FD3C92009607BA37634566A95A">4017</mods:number>
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<treatment id="03CC87E4FF954348FF02C08D8A03FAE7" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6116894" ID-GBIF-Taxon="123206950" ID-Zenodo-Dep="6116894" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03CC87E4FF954348FF02C08D8A03FAE7" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/03CC87E4FF954348FF02C08D8A03FAE7" lastPageId="19" lastPageNumber="20" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">
<subSubSection id="C37F6579FF95434AFF02C08D8B7DF94E" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph id="8BDA36F2FF95434AFF02C08D8A3FF998" blockId="17.[151,518,1518,1544]" box="[151,518,1518,1544]" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">
<heading id="D092819EFF95434AFF02C08D8A3FF998" bold="true" box="[151,518,1518,1544]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" reason="1">
<taxonomicName id="4C654D71FF95434AFF02C08D8A3FF998" ID-CoL="3MHH" ID-ENA="272317" authority="Westwood 1833" authorityName="Westwood" authorityYear="1833" box="[151,518,1518,1544]" class="Insecta" family="Encyrtidae" genus="Cheiloneurus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B911EAE0FF95434AFF02C08D8A3FF998" bold="true" box="[151,518,1518,1544]" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">
<emphasis id="B911EAE0FF95434AFF02C08D8905F998" bold="true" box="[151,316,1518,1544]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">Cheiloneurus</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="EFF44B03FF95434AFED6C08D8A3FF998" author="Westwood" box="[323,518,1518,1544]" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" refString="Westwood, J. O. (1833) Descriptions of several new British forms amongst the parasitic hymenopterous insects. Philosophical Magazine, 3, 342 - 344. http: // dx. doi. org / 10.1080 / 14786443308648197" type="journal article" year="1833">Westwood 1833</bibRefCitation>
</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BDA36F2FF95434AFF02C3568C07F906" blockId="17.[151,1436,1589,1686]" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">
<emphasis id="B911EAE0FF95434AFF02C35688D8F9DE" bold="true" box="[151,225,1589,1614]" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">Hosts.</emphasis>
Hyperparasitoids of 
<taxonomicName id="4C654D71FF95434AFE5EC3568A73F9DE" box="[459,586,1589,1614]" class="Insecta" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="order">Coleoptera</taxonomicName>
: 
<taxonomicName id="4C654D71FF95434AFDC1C3568ACBF9DE" box="[596,754,1589,1614]" class="Insecta" family="Coccinellidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="family">Coccinellidae</taxonomicName>
; 
<taxonomicName id="4C654D71FF95434AFD68C3568B6CF9DE" box="[765,853,1589,1614]" kingdom="Plantae" order="Diptera" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" rank="order">Diptera</taxonomicName>
: 
<taxonomicName id="4C654D71FF95434AFCCAC3568C32F9DE" box="[863,1035,1589,1614]" class="Insecta" family="Cecidomyiidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="family">Cecidomyiidae</taxonomicName>
, 
<taxonomicName id="4C654D71FF95434AFB83C3568CB2F9DE" box="[1046,1163,1589,1614]" class="Insecta" family="Syrphidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="family">Syrphidae</taxonomicName>
; 
<taxonomicName id="4C654D71FF95434AFB03C3568D28F9DE" box="[1174,1297,1589,1614]" class="Insecta" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="order">Hemiptera</taxonomicName>
: 
<taxonomicName id="4C654D71FF95434AFA8FC3568DA1F9DE" box="[1306,1432,1589,1614]" class="Insecta" family="Aclerdidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="family">Aclerdidae</taxonomicName>
, 
<taxonomicName id="4C654D71FF95434AFF02C33A891FF9E2" box="[151,294,1625,1650]" class="Insecta" family="Cicadellidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="family">Cicadellidae</taxonomicName>
, 
<taxonomicName id="4C654D71FF95434AFEA1C33A89A6F9E2" box="[308,415,1625,1650]" class="Insecta" family="Coccidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="family">Coccidae</taxonomicName>
, 
<taxonomicName id="4C654D71FF95434AFE3BC33A8A04F9E2" box="[430,573,1625,1650]" class="Insecta" family="Delphacidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="family">Delphacidae</taxonomicName>
, 
<taxonomicName id="4C654D71FF95434AFDDEC33A8AD9F9E2" box="[587,736,1625,1650]" class="Insecta" family="Eriococcidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="family">Eriococcidae</taxonomicName>
, 
<taxonomicName id="4C654D71FF95434AFD7BC33A8B4EF9E2" box="[750,887,1625,1650]" class="Insecta" family="Kermesidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="family">Kermesidae</taxonomicName>
, 
<taxonomicName id="4C654D71FF95434AFC10C33A8C05F9E2" box="[901,1084,1625,1650]" class="Insecta" family="Pseudococcidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="family">Pseudococcidae</taxonomicName>
; 
<taxonomicName id="4C654D71FF95434AFBDFC3398CF4F9E1" box="[1098,1229,1626,1649]" class="Insecta" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neuroptera" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="order">Neuroptera</taxonomicName>
: 
<taxonomicName id="4C654D71FF95434AFB4FC33A8D52F9E2" box="[1242,1387,1625,1650]" class="Insecta" family="Chrysopidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neuroptera" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="family">Chrysopidae</taxonomicName>
; via 
<taxonomicName id="4C654D71FF95434AFF02C31D890DF906" box="[151,308,1662,1686]" class="Insecta" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="order">Hymenoptera</taxonomicName>
: 
<taxonomicName id="4C654D71FF95434AFEABC31E8988F906" box="[318,433,1661,1686]" class="Insecta" family="Dryinidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="family">Dryinidae</taxonomicName>
, 
<taxonomicName id="4C654D71FF95434AFE29C31E8A0CF906" box="[444,565,1661,1686]" class="Insecta" family="Encyrtidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="family">Encyrtidae</taxonomicName>
, 
<taxonomicName id="4C654D71FF95434AFDD6C31E8ACAF906" box="[579,755,1661,1686]" class="Insecta" family="Ichneumonidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="family">Ichneumonidae</taxonomicName>
, 
<taxonomicName id="4C654D71FF95434AFD6BC31E8BACF906" box="[766,917,1661,1686]" class="Insecta" family="Perilampidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="family">Perilampidae</taxonomicName>
, 
<taxonomicName id="4C654D71FF95434AFC0AC31E8C07F906" box="[927,1086,1661,1686]" class="Insecta" family="Platygastridae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="family">Platygastridae</taxonomicName>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BDA36F2FF95434AFF02C3A68B7DF94E" blockId="17.[151,1436,1733,2010]" box="[151,836,1733,1758]" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">
<emphasis id="B911EAE0FF95434AFF02C3A6892CF94E" box="[151,277,1733,1758]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">albinotatus</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="EFF44B03FF95434AFE89C3A589F2F94E" author="De" box="[284,459,1733,1758]" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" refString="De Santis, L. (1964) Encirtidos de la Republica Argentina (Hymenoptera: Chalcidoidea). Anales de la Comision de Investigacion Cientifica Provincia de Buenos Aires Gobernacion, 4, 9 - 422." type="journal article" year="1964">
<collectingCountry id="F3727662FF95434AFE89C3A58904F94D" box="[284,317,1734,1757]" name="South Georgia and the South Sandwich Islands" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">De</collectingCountry>
Santis 1964
</bibRefCitation>
: 351 [
<emphasis id="B911EAE0FF95434AFD85C3A68AE0F94E" bold="true" box="[528,729,1733,1758]" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">New state record</emphasis>
] (RLZC)
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C37F6579FF95434AFF52C38A8963F892" box="[199,346,1769,1794]" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph id="8BDA36F2FF95434AFF52C38A8963F892" blockId="17.[151,1436,1733,2010]" box="[199,346,1769,1794]" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">
<typeStatus id="54DE8850FF95434AFF52C38A8939F892" box="[199,256,1769,1794]" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">
<emphasis id="B911EAE0FF95434AFF52C38A8939F892" bold="true" box="[199,256,1769,1794]" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">Type</emphasis>
</typeStatus>
. 
<collectionCode id="ED74AE37FF95434AFE9AC3898963F892" box="[271,346,1770,1794]" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">MLPA</collectionCode>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C37F6579FF95434AFF52C26E8A4AF8FE" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" type="distribution">
<paragraph id="8BDA36F2FF95434AFF52C26E8AFBF8B6" blockId="17.[151,1436,1733,2010]" box="[199,706,1805,1830]" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">
<emphasis id="B911EAE0FF95434AFF52C26E8959F8B6" bold="true" box="[199,352,1805,1830]" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">Distribution.</emphasis>
W (San Benito, Santa Barbara)
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BDA36F2FF95434AFF52C2528A4AF8FE" blockId="17.[151,1436,1733,2010]" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">
<emphasis id="B911EAE0FF95434AFF52C252895AF8DA" bold="true" box="[199,355,1841,1866]" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">Host/habitat.</emphasis>
Host unknown, but one specimen was swept from sedge (
<taxonomicName id="4C654D71FF95434AFB85C2518CA0F8DA" box="[1040,1177,1842,1866]" class="Liliopsida" family="Cyperaceae" kingdom="Plantae" order="Poales" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="family">Cyperaceae</taxonomicName>
), and a series of three specimens were swept from a grassy field.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C37F6579FF95434AFF52C21A8A96F84A" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" type="discussion">
<paragraph id="8BDA36F2FF95434AFF52C21A8A96F84A" blockId="17.[151,1436,1733,2010]" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">
<emphasis id="B911EAE0FF95434AFF52C21A8902F802" bold="true" box="[199,315,1913,1938]" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">Remarks.</emphasis>
Previously this species has only been recorded from 
<taxonomicName id="4C654D71FF95434AFC2AC21A8C08F802" box="[959,1073,1913,1938]" class="Insecta" family="Coccidae" genus="Alichtensia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="17" pageNumber="86" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="argentina">
<collectingCountry id="F3727662FF95434AFC2AC21A8C08F802" box="[959,1073,1913,1938]" name="Argentina" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">Argentina</collectingCountry>
</taxonomicName>
, but in addition to those from California, specimens have been collected in Arizona and North Carolina (both UCRC). 
<taxonomicName id="4C654D71FF95434AFF02C2A28A96F84A" authority="(Howard 1898a: 247) (Chrysopophagus)" authorityName="Howard" authorityPageNumber="247" authorityYear="1898" baseAuthorityName="Howard" baseAuthorityPageNumber="247" baseAuthorityYear="1898" box="[151,687,1985,2010]" class="Insecta" family="Encyrtidae" genus="Cheiloneurus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="banksi">
<emphasis id="B911EAE0FF95434AFF02C2A288D9F84A" box="[151,224,1985,2010]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">banksi</emphasis>
(
<bibRefCitation id="EFF44B03FF95434AFF7BC2A289E9F84A" author="Howard" box="[238,464,1985,2010]" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" refString="Howard, L. O. (1898 a) On some new parasitic insects of the subfamily Encyrtinae. Proceedings of the United States National Museum, 21, 231 - 248. http: // dx. doi. org / 10.5479 / si. 00963801.1142.231" type="journal article" year="1898" yearSuffix="a">Howard 1898a: 247</bibRefCitation>
) (
<emphasis id="B911EAE0FF95434AFE7DC2A28A9FF84A" box="[488,678,1985,2010]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">Chrysopophagus</emphasis>
)
</taxonomicName>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C37F6579FF964349FF52C5F48959FF20" box="[199,352,151,176]" pageId="18" pageNumber="19" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph id="8BDA36F2FF964349FF52C5F48959FF20" blockId="18.[151,1436,151,573]" box="[199,352,151,176]" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">
<typeStatus id="54DE8850FF964349FF52C5F48939FF20" box="[199,256,151,176]" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">
<emphasis id="B911EAE0FF964349FF52C5F48939FF20" bold="true" box="[199,256,151,176]" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">Type</emphasis>
</typeStatus>
. 
<collectionCode id="ED74AE37FF964349FE9AC5FB8959FF20" LSID="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34871" box="[271,352,152,176]" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34871" name="Smithsonian Institution, National Museum of Natural History" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">USNM</collectionCode>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C37F6579FF964349FF52C5DF897CFE18" pageId="18" pageNumber="19" type="distribution">
<paragraph id="8BDA36F2FF964349FF52C5DF8BF2FE8D" blockId="18.[151,1436,151,573]" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">
<emphasis id="B911EAE0FF964349FF52C5DF8959FF45" bold="true" box="[199,352,188,213]" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">Distribution.</emphasis>
N (Alameda, Calaveras, Contra Costa, Imperial, Inyo, Kern, Kings, Lassen, Los Angeles, Madera, Marin, Modoc, Napa, Nevada, Plumas, Riverside, San Benito, San Bernardino, San Diego, Santa Barbara, Santa Clara, Shasta, Sierra, Solano, Sonoma, Stanislaus, Tehama, Tulare)
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BDA36F2FF964349FF52C444897CFE18" blockId="18.[151,1436,151,573]" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">
<emphasis id="B911EAE0FF964349FF52C444895AFED0" bold="true" box="[199,355,295,320]" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">Host/habitat.</emphasis>
Hyperparasitoid of 
<taxonomicName id="4C654D71FF964349FDF4C44B8B04FED0" box="[609,829,296,320]" class="Insecta" family="Pseudococcidae" genus="Antonina" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="18" pageNumber="19" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="graminis">
<emphasis id="B911EAE0FF964349FDF4C44B8B04FED0" box="[609,829,296,320]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">Antonina graminis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, 
<taxonomicName id="4C654D71FF964349FCC1C44A8BEBFED0" box="[852,978,297,320]" class="Insecta" family="Eriococcidae" genus="Eriococcus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="18" pageNumber="19" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B911EAE0FF964349FCC1C44A8BEBFED0" box="[852,978,297,320]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">Eriococcus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
sp. via 
<taxonomicName id="4C654D71FF964349FBD3C4448D31FED0" box="[1094,1288,295,320]" class="Insecta" family="Encyrtidae" genus="Pseudococcobius" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="18" pageNumber="19" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B911EAE0FF964349FBD3C4448D31FED0" box="[1094,1288,295,320]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">Pseudococcobius</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
sp.; 
<emphasis id="B911EAE0FF964349FAC7C4448DADFED0" bold="true" box="[1362,1428,295,320]" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">NEW</emphasis>
: 
<taxonomicName id="4C654D71FF964349FF02C42F8912FEF5" box="[151,299,332,357]" class="Insecta" family="Pseudococcidae" genus="Phenacoccus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="18" pageNumber="19" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B911EAE0FF964349FF02C42F8912FEF5" box="[151,299,332,357]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">Phenacoccus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
sp. (UCRC), 
<taxonomicName id="4C654D71FF964349FE41C42E8ACAFEF5" box="[468,755,332,357]" class="Insecta" family="Pseudococcidae" genus="Dysmicoccus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="18" pageNumber="19" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="timberlakei">
<emphasis id="B911EAE0FF964349FE41C42E8ACAFEF5" box="[468,755,332,357]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">Dysmicoccus timberlakei</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, hyperparasitoid of 
<taxonomicName id="4C654D71FF964349FC71C42E8CEAFEF5" box="[996,1235,332,357]" class="Insecta" family="Coccinellidae" genus="Hyperaspis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="18" pageNumber="19" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="pleuralis">
<emphasis id="B911EAE0FF964349FC71C42E8CEAFEF5" box="[996,1235,332,357]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">Hyperaspis pleuralis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
via 
<taxonomicName id="4C654D71FF964349FA98C42F88E4FE18" class="Insecta" family="Encyrtidae" genus="Homalotylus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="18" pageNumber="19" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="affinis">
<emphasis id="B911EAE0FF964349FA98C42F88E4FE18" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">Homalotylus affinis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(EMEC)
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C37F6579FF964349FF52C4F78C9FFDAC" pageId="18" pageNumber="19" type="discussion">
<paragraph id="8BDA36F2FF964349FF52C4F78C9FFDAC" blockId="18.[151,1436,151,573]" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">
<emphasis id="B911EAE0FF964349FF52C4F78902FE3D" bold="true" box="[199,315,404,429]" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">Remarks.</emphasis>
The specimen (EMEC) reared from 
<taxonomicName id="4C654D71FF964349FD4FC4F68B45FE3D" box="[730,892,404,429]" class="Insecta" family="Pseudococcidae" genus="Dysmicoccus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="18" pageNumber="19" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="timberlakei">
<emphasis id="B911EAE0FF964349FD4FC4F68AD7FE3C" box="[730,750,405,428]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">D</emphasis>
. 
<emphasis id="B911EAE0FF964349FD68C4F78B45FE3D" box="[765,892,404,429]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">timberlakei</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is probably a hyperparasitoid of an undescribed species of 
<emphasis id="B911EAE0FF964349FE83C4D489DBFE40" box="[278,482,439,464]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">
<taxonomicName id="4C654D71FF964349FE83C4D489E7FE40" box="[278,478,439,464]" class="Insecta" family="Encyrtidae" genus="Pseudleptomastix" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="18" pageNumber="19" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Pseudleptomastix</taxonomicName>
,
</emphasis>
which was reared from the same host. This appears to be a species with a high variation in body color—ranging from coppery fuscous with yellow patches to almost totally dark, with the scutellum always at least partly yellow. A 
<taxonomicName id="4C654D71FF964349FD04C49C8B11FD88" box="[657,808,511,536]" class="Insecta" family="Encyrtidae" genus="Cheiloneurus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="18" pageNumber="19" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B911EAE0FF964349FD04C49C8B11FD88" box="[657,808,511,536]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">Cheiloneurus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
species near 
<taxonomicName id="4C654D71FF964349FC59C49C8C2CFD88" box="[972,1045,511,536]" class="Insecta" family="Encyrtidae" genus="Cheiloneurus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="18" pageNumber="19" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="banksi">
<emphasis id="B911EAE0FF964349FC59C49C8C2CFD88" box="[972,1045,511,536]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">banksi</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
was collected from Inyo County (UCDC), and there is another long series from Los Angeles and Riverside counties (UCRC).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C37F6579FF964349FF02C70E8B26FD14" box="[151,799,620,645]" pageId="18" pageNumber="19" type="reference_group">
<paragraph id="8BDA36F2FF964349FF02C70E8B26FD14" blockId="18.[151,1436,620,1112]" box="[151,799,620,645]" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">
<taxonomicName id="4C654D71FF964349FF02C70E8B26FD14" authority="(Ashmead 1894: 246) (Chrysopophagus)" authorityName="Ashmead" authorityPageNumber="246" authorityYear="1894" baseAuthorityName="Ashmead" baseAuthorityPageNumber="246" baseAuthorityYear="1894" box="[151,799,620,645]" class="Insecta" family="Encyrtidae" genus="Chrysopophagus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="18" pageNumber="19" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="compressicornis">
<emphasis id="B911EAE0FF964349FF02C70E8974FD14" box="[151,333,621,644]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">compressicornis</emphasis>
(Ashmead 1894: 246) (
<emphasis id="B911EAE0FF964349FDCCC70F8B2EFD15" box="[601,791,620,645]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">Chrysopophagus</emphasis>
)
</taxonomicName>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C37F6579FF964349FF52C7EC8959FD38" box="[199,352,655,680]" pageId="18" pageNumber="19" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph id="8BDA36F2FF964349FF52C7EC8959FD38" blockId="18.[151,1436,620,1112]" box="[199,352,655,680]" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">
<typeStatus id="54DE8850FF964349FF52C7EC8939FD38" box="[199,256,655,680]" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">
<emphasis id="B911EAE0FF964349FF52C7EC8939FD38" bold="true" box="[199,256,655,680]" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">Type</emphasis>
</typeStatus>
. 
<collectionCode id="ED74AE37FF964349FE9AC7F38959FD38" LSID="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34871" box="[271,352,656,680]" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34871" name="Smithsonian Institution, National Museum of Natural History" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">USNM</collectionCode>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C37F6579FF964349FF52C7D78C94FCA8" pageId="18" pageNumber="19" type="distribution">
<paragraph id="8BDA36F2FF964349FF52C7D78C99FD5D" blockId="18.[151,1436,620,1112]" box="[199,1184,692,717]" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">
<emphasis id="B911EAE0FF964349FF52C7D78959FD5D" bold="true" box="[199,352,692,717]" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">Distribution.</emphasis>
N (Los Angeles, Nevada, Orange, Riverside, San Bernardino, San Diego)
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BDA36F2FF964349FF52C7B48C94FCA8" blockId="18.[151,1436,620,1112]" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">
<emphasis id="B911EAE0FF964349FF52C7B4895AFD60" bold="true" box="[199,355,727,752]" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">Host/habitat.</emphasis>
Hyperparasitoid of undetermined 
<taxonomicName id="4C654D71FF964349FD6EC7B48B56FD60" box="[763,879,727,752]" class="Insecta" family="Syrphidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="18" pageNumber="19" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="family">Syrphidae</taxonomicName>
, 
<taxonomicName id="4C654D71FF964349FCEAC7B48C42FD60" box="[895,1147,727,752]" class="Insecta" family="Chrysopidae" genus="Ceraeochrysa" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neuroptera" pageId="18" pageNumber="19" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="cubana">
<emphasis id="B911EAE0FF964349FCEAC7B48C42FD60" box="[895,1147,727,752]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">Ceraeochrysa cubana</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, 
<taxonomicName id="4C654D71FF964349FB1AC7BB8D2CFD60" box="[1167,1301,727,752]" class="Insecta" family="Chrysopidae" genus="Ceraeochrysa" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neuroptera" pageId="18" pageNumber="19" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="sanchezi">
<emphasis id="B911EAE0FF964349FB1AC7BB8C9BFD7F" box="[1167,1186,728,751]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">C</emphasis>
. 
<emphasis id="B911EAE0FF964349FB20C7B48D2CFD60" box="[1205,1301,727,752]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">sanchezi</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, 
<taxonomicName id="4C654D71FF964349FABCC7BB8DACFD60" box="[1321,1429,727,752]" class="Insecta" family="Chrysopidae" genus="Ceraeochrysa" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neuroptera" pageId="18" pageNumber="19" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="valida">
<emphasis id="B911EAE0FF964349FABCC7BB8D05FD7F" box="[1321,1340,728,751]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">C</emphasis>
. 
<emphasis id="B911EAE0FF964349FADAC7B48DACFD60" box="[1359,1429,727,752]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">valida</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, 
<taxonomicName id="4C654D71FF964349FF02C79F89B5FC84" box="[151,396,764,789]" class="Insecta" family="Chrysopidae" genus="Chrysopa" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neuroptera" pageId="18" pageNumber="19" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="nigricornis">
<emphasis id="B911EAE0FF964349FF02C79F89B5FC84" box="[151,396,764,789]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">Chrysopa nigricornis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, 
<taxonomicName id="4C654D71FF964349FE34C79F8A85FC85" box="[417,700,764,789]" class="Insecta" family="Chrysopidae" genus="Chrysoperla" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neuroptera" pageId="18" pageNumber="19" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="plorabunda">
<emphasis id="B911EAE0FF964349FE34C79F8A85FC85" box="[417,700,764,789]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">Chrysoperla plorabunda</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, 
<taxonomicName id="4C654D71FF964349FD45C79E8B59FC85" box="[720,864,764,789]" class="Insecta" family="Chrysopidae" genus="Chrysoperla" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neuroptera" pageId="18" pageNumber="19" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="rufilabris">
<emphasis id="B911EAE0FF964349FD45C79E8ADAFC84" box="[720,739,765,788]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">C</emphasis>
. 
<emphasis id="B911EAE0FF964349FD63C79F8B59FC85" box="[758,864,764,789]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">rufilabris</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, via 
<taxonomicName id="4C654D71FF964349FC36C79F8C4EFC84" box="[931,1143,764,789]" class="Insecta" family="Encyrtidae" genus="Isodromus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="18" pageNumber="19" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="iceryae">
<emphasis id="B911EAE0FF964349FC36C79F8C4EFC84" box="[931,1143,764,789]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">Isodromus iceryae</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, 
<taxonomicName id="4C654D71FF964349FB1EC79E8CDBFC84" box="[1163,1250,765,788]" class="Insecta" family="Encyrtidae" genus="Isodromus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="18" pageNumber="19" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="niger">
<emphasis id="B911EAE0FF964349FB1EC79E8CADFC84" box="[1163,1172,765,788]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">I</emphasis>
. 
<emphasis id="B911EAE0FF964349FB3DC79E8CDBFC84" box="[1192,1250,765,788]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">niger</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, 
<taxonomicName id="4C654D71FF964349FB63C79F8DACFC85" box="[1270,1429,764,789]" class="Insecta" family="Ichneumonidae" genus="Gelis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="18" pageNumber="19" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="tenellus">
<emphasis id="B911EAE0FF964349FB63C79F8DACFC85" box="[1270,1429,764,789]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">Gelis tenellus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, 
<taxonomicName id="4C654D71FF964349FF02C67C89ABFCA8" box="[151,402,799,824]" class="Insecta" family="Perilampidae" genus="Perilampus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="18" pageNumber="19" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="chrysopae">
<emphasis id="B911EAE0FF964349FF02C67C89ABFCA8" box="[151,402,799,824]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">Perilampus chrysopae</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
; 
<emphasis id="B911EAE0FF964349FE34C67C89DAFCA8" bold="true" box="[417,483,799,824]" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">NEW</emphasis>
: 
<taxonomicName id="4C654D71FF964349FE64C67C8A80FCA8" box="[497,697,799,824]" class="Insecta" family="Chrysopidae" genus="Chrysopa" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neuroptera" pageId="18" pageNumber="19" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="oculata">
<emphasis id="B911EAE0FF964349FE64C67C8A80FCA8" box="[497,697,799,824]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">Chrysopa oculata</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, undetermined 
<taxonomicName id="4C654D71FF964349FCFDC67C8C3EFCA8" box="[872,1031,799,824]" class="Insecta" family="Hemerobiidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neuroptera" pageId="18" pageNumber="19" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="family">Hemerobiidae</taxonomicName>
(both UCRC).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C37F6579FF964349FF52C6278B2BFBC8" pageId="18" pageNumber="19" type="discussion">
<paragraph id="8BDA36F2FF964349FF52C6278B2BFBC8" blockId="18.[151,1436,620,1112]" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">
<emphasis id="B911EAE0FF964349FF52C6278902FCCD" bold="true" box="[199,315,836,861]" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">Remarks.</emphasis>
Two 
<taxonomicName id="4C654D71FF964349FE13C6278A24FCCD" box="[390,541,836,861]" class="Insecta" family="Encyrtidae" genus="Cheiloneurus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="18" pageNumber="19" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B911EAE0FF964349FE13C6278A24FCCD" box="[390,541,836,861]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">Cheiloneurus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
species near 
<taxonomicName id="4C654D71FF964349FD53C6268B45FCCC" box="[710,892,837,860]" class="Insecta" family="Encyrtidae" genus="Chrysopophagus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="18" pageNumber="19" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="compressicornis">
<emphasis id="B911EAE0FF964349FD53C6268B45FCCC" box="[710,892,837,860]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">compressicornis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
were collected in Nevada &amp; Sierra Counties (UCDC), another from Imperial County (UCRC), and two more specimens from Riverside County, which were reared from a whitefly on 
<taxonomicName id="4C654D71FF964349FE55C6EF8A2FFC35" box="[448,534,908,933]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Asteraceae" genus="Encelia" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asterales" pageId="18" pageNumber="19" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B911EAE0FF964349FE55C6EF8A2FFC35" box="[448,534,908,933]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">Encelia</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
sp. (
<taxonomicName id="4C654D71FF964349FDD9C6EF8AF7FC34" box="[588,718,908,932]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Asteraceae" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asterales" pageId="18" pageNumber="19" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="family">Asteraceae</taxonomicName>
). 
<taxonomicName id="4C654D71FF964349FD74C6EF8C7BFC35" authority="Stephens" authorityName="Stephens" box="[737,1090,908,933]" class="Insecta" family="Chrysopidae" genus="Chrysoperla" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neuroptera" pageId="18" pageNumber="19" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="carnea">
<emphasis id="B911EAE0FF964349FD74C6EF8BFAFC34" box="[737,963,908,933]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">Chrysoperla carnea</emphasis>
(Stephens)
</taxonomicName>
has been recorded as a host in North 
<taxonomicName id="4C654D71FF964349FF74C6CC897DFC58" box="[225,324,943,968]" class="Insecta" family="Cerambycidae" genus="America" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="18" pageNumber="80" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<collectingCountry id="F3727662FF964349FF74C6CC897DFC58" box="[225,324,943,968]" name="United States of America" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">America</collectingCountry>
</taxonomicName>
, but some authorities consider this species is restricted to the Palearctic, and would attribute such Nearctic host records to the 
<taxonomicName id="4C654D71FF964349FE65C6B68AA3FC7D" box="[496,666,980,1005]" class="Insecta" family="Chrysopidae" genus="Chrysoperla" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neuroptera" pageId="18" pageNumber="19" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="plorabunda">
<emphasis id="B911EAE0FF964349FE65C6B68A3AFC7C" box="[496,515,981,1004]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">C</emphasis>
. 
<emphasis id="B911EAE0FF964349FD82C6B78AA3FC7D" box="[535,666,980,1005]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">plorabunda</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
complex. The host record of a syrphid fly stems from a single observation by 
<bibRefCitation id="EFF44B03FF964349FED3C69B8A35FB80" author="McGregor" box="[326,524,1015,1040]" pageId="18" pageNumber="19" refString="McGregor, E. A. (1914) Some notes on parasitism of chrysopids in South Carolina. The Canadian Entomologist, 46, 306 - 308. http: // dx. doi. org / 10.4039 / Ent 46306 - 9" type="journal article" year="1914">McGregor (1914)</bibRefCitation>
—it remains to be seen if this represents a misidentification, or if the secondary host range of 
<taxonomicName id="4C654D71FF964349FEA6C17E8A32FBA4" box="[307,523,1053,1076]" class="Insecta" family="Chrysopidae" genus="Chrysoperla" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neuroptera" pageId="18" pageNumber="19" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="compressicornis">
<emphasis id="B911EAE0FF964349FEA6C17E897FFBA4" box="[307,326,1053,1076]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">C</emphasis>
. 
<emphasis id="B911EAE0FF964349FEC0C17E8A32FBA4" box="[341,523,1053,1076]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">compressicornis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
does indeed extend beyond the 
<taxonomicName id="4C654D71FF964349FCEFC17E8BC1FBA4" box="[890,1016,1053,1076]" class="Insecta" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neuroptera" pageId="18" pageNumber="19" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="order">Neuroptera</taxonomicName>
(there are no records of 
<taxonomicName id="4C654D71FF964349FA87C17E8D44FBA4" box="[1298,1405,1053,1076]" class="Insecta" family="Encyrtidae" genus="Isodromus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="18" pageNumber="19" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="iceryae">
<emphasis id="B911EAE0FF964349FA87C17E8D22FBA4" box="[1298,1307,1053,1076]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">I</emphasis>
. 
<emphasis id="B911EAE0FF964349FABFC17E8D44FBA4" box="[1322,1405,1053,1076]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">iceryae</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, 
<taxonomicName id="4C654D71FF964349FA19C17E88E8FBC8" class="Insecta" family="Encyrtidae" genus="Isodromus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="18" pageNumber="19" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="niger">
<emphasis id="B911EAE0FF964349FA19C17E8DACFBA4" box="[1420,1429,1053,1076]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">I</emphasis>
. 
<emphasis id="B911EAE0FF964349FF02C12288E8FBC8" box="[151,209,1089,1112]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">niger</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, 
<taxonomicName id="4C654D71FF964349FF4AC123896DFBC8" box="[223,340,1087,1112]" class="Insecta" family="Ichneumonidae" genus="Gelis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="18" pageNumber="19" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="tenellus">
<emphasis id="B911EAE0FF964349FF4AC12388C9FBC7" box="[223,240,1088,1111]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">G</emphasis>
. 
<emphasis id="B911EAE0FF964349FF68C15C896DFBC8" box="[253,340,1087,1112]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">tenellus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
or 
<taxonomicName id="4C654D71FF964349FEEFC1228A30FBC8" box="[378,521,1087,1112]" class="Insecta" family="Perilampidae" genus="Perilampus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="18" pageNumber="19" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="chrysopae">
<emphasis id="B911EAE0FF964349FEEFC12289B1FBC8" box="[378,392,1089,1112]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">P</emphasis>
. 
<emphasis id="B911EAE0FF964349FE03C15C8A30FBC8" box="[406,521,1087,1112]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">chrysopae</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
attacking any 
<taxonomicName id="4C654D71FF964349FD38C15C8B3FFBC8" box="[685,774,1087,1112]" kingdom="Plantae" order="Diptera" pageId="18" pageNumber="19" rank="order">Diptera</taxonomicName>
).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C37F6579FF964349FF02C1E48B2DFB30" box="[151,788,1159,1184]" pageId="18" pageNumber="19" type="reference_group">
<paragraph id="8BDA36F2FF964349FF02C1E48B2DFB30" blockId="18.[151,1436,1159,1653]" box="[151,788,1159,1184]" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">
<treatmentCitationGroup id="AB7511DCFF964349FF02C1E48B2DFB30" box="[151,788,1159,1184]" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">
<taxonomicName id="4C654D71FF964349FF02C1E489EEFB30" ID-CoL="5Y3HC" authority="Dalman 1820: 151" authorityName="Dalman" authorityPageNumber="151" authorityYear="1820" box="[151,471,1159,1184]" class="Insecta" family="Encyrtidae" genus="Cheiloneurus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="18" pageNumber="19" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="elegans">
<emphasis id="B911EAE0FF964349FF02C1E488D5FB30" box="[151,236,1159,1184]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">elegans</emphasis>
(
<treatmentCitation id="0AC410E3FF964349FF6EC1E489F7FB30" author="Dalman" box="[251,462,1159,1184]" page="151" pageId="18" pageNumber="19" year="1820">
<bibRefCitation id="EFF44B03FF964349FF6EC1E489F7FB30" author="Dalman" box="[251,462,1159,1184]" pageId="18" pageNumber="19" refString="Dalman, J. W. (1820) Forsok till Uppstallning af Insect-familjen Pteromalini, I synnerhet med afseen de pa de I Sverige funne Arter (Fortsattning). Kungliga Svenska Vetenskapsakademiens Handlingar, 41, 123 - 174, 177 - 182, 340 - 385." type="journal article" year="1820">Dalman 1820: 151</bibRefCitation>
</treatmentCitation>
)
</taxonomicName>
[
<emphasis id="B911EAE0FF964349FE72C1E48A89FB30" bold="true" box="[487,688,1159,1184]" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">New state record</emphasis>
](RLZC)
</treatmentCitationGroup>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C37F6579FF964349FF52C1CF8963FB54" box="[199,346,1196,1221]" pageId="18" pageNumber="19" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph id="8BDA36F2FF964349FF52C1CF8963FB54" blockId="18.[151,1436,1159,1653]" box="[199,346,1196,1221]" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">
<typeStatus id="54DE8850FF964349FF52C1CF8939FB55" box="[199,256,1196,1221]" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">
<emphasis id="B911EAE0FF964349FF52C1CF8939FB55" bold="true" box="[199,256,1196,1221]" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">Type</emphasis>
</typeStatus>
. 
<collectionCode id="ED74AE37FF964349FE9AC1CF8963FB54" box="[271,346,1196,1220]" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/rsbi-vwmq" name="Swedish Museum of Natural History, Entomology Collections" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">NHRS</collectionCode>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C37F6579FF964349FF52C1AC8980FAC5" pageId="18" pageNumber="19" type="distribution">
<paragraph id="8BDA36F2FF964349FF52C1AC8B39FB78" blockId="18.[151,1436,1159,1653]" box="[199,768,1231,1256]" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">
<emphasis id="B911EAE0FF964349FF52C1AC8959FB78" bold="true" box="[199,352,1231,1256]" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">Distribution.</emphasis>
W (Contra Costa, Marin, Stanislaus)
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BDA36F2FF964349FF52C1978980FAC5" blockId="18.[151,1436,1159,1653]" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">
<emphasis id="B911EAE0FF964349FF52C197895AFA9D" bold="true" box="[199,355,1268,1293]" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">Host/habitat.</emphasis>
Hyperparasitoid of 
<taxonomicName id="4C654D71FF964349FDDAC1978B06FA9D" box="[591,831,1268,1293]" class="Insecta" family="Cecidomyiidae" genus="Mayetiola" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="18" pageNumber="19" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="destructor">
<emphasis id="B911EAE0FF964349FDDAC1978B06FA9D" box="[591,831,1268,1293]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">Mayetiola destructor</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(via 
<taxonomicName id="4C654D71FF964349FC15C1978C58FA9C" box="[896,1121,1268,1293]" class="Insecta" family="Curculionidae" genus="Platygaster" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="18" pageNumber="19" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="zosinae">
<emphasis id="B911EAE0FF964349FC15C1978C58FA9C" box="[896,1121,1268,1293]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">Platygaster zosinae</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
), 
<taxonomicName id="4C654D71FF964349FBE9C1978D5CFA9D" box="[1148,1381,1268,1293]" class="Insecta" family="Aclerdidae" genus="Aclerda" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="18" pageNumber="19" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="subterranea">
<emphasis id="B911EAE0FF964349FBE9C1978D5CFA9D" box="[1148,1381,1268,1293]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">Aclerda subterranea</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(via 
<taxonomicName id="4C654D71FF964349FF02C0748A39FAA0" box="[151,512,1303,1328]" class="Insecta" family="Encyrtidae" genus="Paraphaenodiscus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="18" pageNumber="19" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="subterraneus">
<emphasis id="B911EAE0FF964349FF02C0748A39FAA0" box="[151,512,1303,1328]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">Paraphaenodiscus subterraneus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
), 
<taxonomicName id="4C654D71FF964349FD8DC0748B0BFAA0" box="[536,818,1303,1328]" class="Insecta" family="Coccidae" genus="Eulecanium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="18" pageNumber="19" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="franconicum">
<emphasis id="B911EAE0FF964349FD8DC0748B0BFAA0" box="[536,818,1303,1328]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">Eulecanium franconicum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, 
<emphasis id="B911EAE0FF964349FCD4C0748D2FFAA0" box="[833,1302,1303,1328]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">
<taxonomicName id="4C654D71FF964349FCD4C0748C1EFAA0" box="[833,1063,1303,1328]" class="Insecta" family="Pseudococcidae" genus="Phenacoccus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="18" pageNumber="19" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="hordei">Phenacoccus hordei</taxonomicName>
, 
<taxonomicName id="4C654D71FF964349FBA7C0748D2FFAA0" box="[1074,1302,1303,1328]" class="Insecta" family="Coccidae" genus="Physokermes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="18" pageNumber="19" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="piceae">Physokermes piceae</taxonomicName>
</emphasis>
, 
<taxonomicName id="4C654D71FF964349FAB1C07488FFFAC4" class="Insecta" family="Coccidae" genus="Pulvinaria" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="18" pageNumber="19" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="vitis">
<emphasis id="B911EAE0FF964349FAB1C07488FFFAC4" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">Pulvinaria vitis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, 
<taxonomicName id="4C654D71FF964349FF41C05E8980FAC5" box="[212,441,1340,1365]" class="Insecta" family="Pseudococcidae" genus="Trionymus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="18" pageNumber="19" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="abberans">
<emphasis id="B911EAE0FF964349FF41C05E8980FAC5" box="[212,441,1340,1365]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">Trionymus abberans</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C37F6579FF964349FF52C03C8C6BF9E4" pageId="18" pageNumber="19" type="discussion">
<paragraph id="8BDA36F2FF964349FF52C03C8C6BF9E4" blockId="18.[151,1436,1159,1653]" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">
<emphasis id="B911EAE0FF964349FF52C03C8902FAE8" bold="true" box="[199,315,1375,1400]" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">Remarks.</emphasis>
In South 
<taxonomicName id="4C654D71FF964349FE3BC03C8A37FAE8" box="[430,526,1375,1400]" class="Insecta" family="Cerambycidae" genus="America" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="18" pageNumber="80" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<collectingCountry id="F3727662FF964349FE3BC03C8A37FAE8" box="[430,526,1375,1400]" name="United States of America" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">America</collectingCountry>
</taxonomicName>
and the Old World, this species is recorded as a hyperparasitoid of 
<taxonomicName id="4C654D71FF964349FA8FC03C8DA1FAE8" box="[1306,1432,1375,1400]" class="Insecta" family="Aclerdidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="18" pageNumber="19" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="family">Aclerdidae</taxonomicName>
, 
<taxonomicName id="4C654D71FF964349FF02C0E78973FA0D" box="[151,330,1412,1437]" class="Insecta" family="Pseudococcidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="18" pageNumber="19" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="family">Pseudococcidae</taxonomicName>
and 
<taxonomicName id="4C654D71FF964349FE17C0E789D4FA0D" box="[386,493,1412,1437]" class="Insecta" family="Coccidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="18" pageNumber="19" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="family">Coccidae</taxonomicName>
, whereas in North 
<taxonomicName id="4C654D71FF964349FD51C0E78B1DFA0D" box="[708,804,1412,1437]" class="Insecta" family="Cerambycidae" genus="America" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="18" pageNumber="80" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<collectingCountry id="F3727662FF964349FD51C0E78B1DFA0D" box="[708,804,1412,1437]" name="United States of America" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">America</collectingCountry>
</taxonomicName>
it is only known as a hyperparasitoid of 
<taxonomicName id="4C654D71FF964349FB60C0E78D75FA0D" box="[1269,1356,1412,1437]" kingdom="Plantae" order="Diptera" pageId="18" pageNumber="19" rank="order">Diptera</taxonomicName>
, which suggests records of this species represents a complex of species or two biological races of one species (
<bibRefCitation id="EFF44B03FF964349FAD4C0C488EAFA75" author="Ferriere" pageId="18" pageNumber="19" refString="Ferriere, C. (1952) Les parasites de Lyonetia clerckella. Transactions of the 9 th International Congress of Entomology, 1, 593 - 596. [Amsterdam, 1951]" type="journal article" year="1952">Ferriere 1952</bibRefCitation>
). 
<bibRefCitation id="EFF44B03FF964349FF79C0AF8A66FA74" box="[236,607,1484,1509]" pageId="18" pageNumber="19" refString="Neunenschwander, P., Hennessey, R. D. &amp; Herren, H. R. (1987) Food web of insects associated with the cassava mealybug, Phenacoccus manihoti Matile-Ferrero (Hemiptera: Pseudococcidae), and its introduced parasitoid, Epidinocarsis lopezi (De Santis) (Hymenoptera: Encyrtidae), in Africa. Bulletin of Entomological Research, 77, 177 - 189. http: // dx. doi. org / 10.1017 / S 0007485300011664" type="journal article">
Neunenschwander 
<emphasis id="B911EAE0FF964349FE5DC0AE8A3EFA75" box="[456,519,1484,1509]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">et al.</emphasis>
(1987)
</bibRefCitation>
reported 
<taxonomicName id="4C654D71FF964349FD43C0AF8B54FA75" box="[726,877,1484,1509]" class="Insecta" family="Encyrtidae" genus="Cheiloneurus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="18" pageNumber="19" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B911EAE0FF964349FD43C0AF8B54FA75" box="[726,877,1484,1509]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">Cheiloneurus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
? 
<taxonomicName id="4C654D71FF964349FC12C0AF8BE5FA75" box="[903,988,1484,1509]" class="Insecta" family="Encyrtidae" genus="Cheiloneurus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="18" pageNumber="19" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="elegans">
<emphasis id="B911EAE0FF964349FC12C0AF8BE5FA75" box="[903,988,1484,1509]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">elegans</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
as a hyperparasitoid of 
<taxonomicName id="4C654D71FF964349FA9DC0AF88C2F998" class="Insecta" family="Pseudococcidae" genus="Phenacoccus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="18" pageNumber="19" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="manihoti">
<emphasis id="B911EAE0FF964349FA9DC0AF88C2F998" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">Phenacoccus manihoti</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
via 
<taxonomicName id="4C654D71FF964349FEA7C09389D2F998" box="[306,491,1519,1544]" class="Insecta" family="Encyrtidae" genus="Anagyrus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="18" pageNumber="19" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="lopezi">
<emphasis id="B911EAE0FF964349FEA7C09389D2F998" box="[306,491,1519,1544]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">Anagyrus lopezi</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
in Africa, but this identification has apparently never been confirmed. 
<taxonomicName id="4C654D71FF964349FAB8C08C89AEF9BC" authority="Dalman 1820" authorityName="Dalman" authorityYear="1820" class="Insecta" family="Eupelmidae" genus="Eupelmus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="18" pageNumber="19" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="elegans">
<emphasis id="B911EAE0FF964349FAB8C08C88D5F9BD" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">Eupelmus elegans</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="EFF44B03FF964349FF6DC37789AEF9BC" author="Dalman" box="[248,407,1556,1581]" pageId="18" pageNumber="19" refString="Dalman, J. W. (1820) Forsok till Uppstallning af Insect-familjen Pteromalini, I synnerhet med afseen de pa de I Sverige funne Arter (Fortsattning). Kungliga Svenska Vetenskapsakademiens Handlingar, 41, 123 - 174, 177 - 182, 340 - 385." type="journal article" year="1820">Dalman 1820</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
, is a junior of 
<taxonomicName id="4C654D71FF964349FDDBC3768B4CF9BC" authority="Noyes 2001" authorityName="Noyes" authorityYear="2001" box="[590,885,1556,1581]" class="Insecta" family="Eupelmidae" genus="Eupelmus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="18" pageNumber="19" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="elegans">
<emphasis id="B911EAE0FF964349FDDBC3768A58F9BC" box="[590,609,1557,1580]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">C</emphasis>
. 
<emphasis id="B911EAE0FF964349FDE1C3778AF0F9BD" box="[628,713,1556,1581]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">elegans</emphasis>
(
<bibRefCitation id="EFF44B03FF964349FD49C3778B54F9BC" author="Noyes" box="[732,877,1556,1580]" pageId="18" pageNumber="19" refString="Noyes, J. S. (2001) Interactive catalogue of world Chalcidoidea, Taxapad CD. Vancouver, Canada." type="book" year="2001">Noyes 2001</bibRefCitation>
)
</taxonomicName>
, which led 
<bibRefCitation id="EFF44B03FF964349FB96C3768C98F9BC" author="Noyes" box="[1027,1185,1556,1581]" pageId="18" pageNumber="19" refString="Noyes, J. S. (2001) Interactive catalogue of world Chalcidoidea, Taxapad CD. Vancouver, Canada." type="book" year="2001">Noyes (2001)</bibRefCitation>
to mistakenly record 
<taxonomicName id="4C654D71FF964349FF02C35489BDF9C0" box="[151,388,1591,1616]" class="Insecta" family="Tortricidae" genus="Rhyacionia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="18" pageNumber="19" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="buoliana">
<emphasis id="B911EAE0FF964349FF02C35489BDF9C0" box="[151,388,1591,1616]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">Rhyacionia buoliana</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
as a host of this species, based on the report of Millan de 
<bibRefCitation id="EFF44B03FF964349FBADC35B8DA1F9C0" box="[1080,1432,1591,1616]" pageId="18" pageNumber="19" refString="Millan de De Santis, E. M. D. &amp; De Santis, L. (1960) Himenopteros parasitos de Evetria buoliana (Schiff.) en la Republica Argentina. Revista de Investigaciones Agricolas, Buenos Aires, 14, 25 - 29." type="journal article">
<collectingCountry id="F3727662FF964349FBADC35B8C60F9DF" box="[1080,1113,1592,1615]" name="South Georgia and the South Sandwich Islands" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">De</collectingCountry>
Santis &amp; 
<collectingCountry id="F3727662FF964349FB44C35B8CCBF9DF" box="[1233,1266,1592,1615]" name="South Georgia and the South Sandwich Islands" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">De</collectingCountry>
Santis (1960)
</bibRefCitation>
. However, the host record in that paper referred to 
<taxonomicName id="4C654D71FF964349FD52C33F8C76F9E4" authority="Blanchard 1942" authorityName="Blanchard" authorityYear="1942" box="[711,1103,1628,1653]" class="Insecta" family="Eupelmidae" genus="Eupelmus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="18" pageNumber="19" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="elegans">
<emphasis id="B911EAE0FF964349FD52C33F8BA8F9E5" box="[711,913,1628,1653]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">Eupelmus elegans</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="EFF44B03FF964349FC0CC33F8C76F9E4" author="Blanchard" box="[921,1103,1628,1653]" pageId="18" pageNumber="19" refString="Blanchard, E. E. (1942) Parasitos de Alabama argillacea Hbn. en la Republica Argentia. Anales de la Sociedad Cientifica Argentina, 134, 94 - 128." type="journal article" year="1942">Blanchard 1942</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C37F6579FF964349FF02C3C78A0FF92C" box="[151,566,1700,1725]" pageId="18" pageNumber="19" type="reference_group">
<paragraph id="8BDA36F2FF964349FF02C3C78A0FF92C" blockId="18.[151,1436,1700,1904]" box="[151,566,1700,1725]" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">
<treatmentCitationGroup id="AB7511DCFF964349FF02C3C78A0FF92C" box="[151,566,1700,1725]" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">
<taxonomicName id="4C654D71FF964349FF02C3C78A0FF92C" ID-CoL="69RHD" authority="(Walker 1847: 21) (Encyrtus)" authorityName="Walker" authorityPageNumber="21" authorityYear="1847" baseAuthorityName="Walker" baseAuthorityPageNumber="21" baseAuthorityYear="1847" box="[151,566,1700,1725]" class="Insecta" family="Encyrtidae" genus="Cheiloneurus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="18" pageNumber="19" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="flaccus">
<emphasis id="B911EAE0FF964349FF02C3C788DEF92D" box="[151,231,1700,1725]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">flaccus</emphasis>
(
<treatmentCitation id="0AC410E3FF964349FF61C3C7898BF92C" author="Walker" box="[244,434,1700,1725]" page="21" pageId="18" pageNumber="19" year="1847">
<bibRefCitation id="EFF44B03FF964349FF61C3C7898BF92C" author="Walker" box="[244,434,1700,1725]" pageId="18" pageNumber="19" refString="Walker, F. (1847) Characters of undescribed Chalcites collected in North America by E. Doubleday, Esq., and now in the British Museum. Annals and Magazine of Natural History, 20, 19 - 29. http: // dx. doi. org / 10.1080 / 037454809496006" type="journal article" year="1847">Walker 1847: 21</bibRefCitation>
</treatmentCitation>
) (
<emphasis id="B911EAE0FF964349FE5FC3C68A17F92C" box="[458,558,1701,1724]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">Encyrtus</emphasis>
)
</taxonomicName>
</treatmentCitationGroup>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C37F6579FF964349FF52C3A4895AF94F" box="[199,355,1735,1760]" pageId="18" pageNumber="19" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph id="8BDA36F2FF964349FF52C3A4895AF94F" blockId="18.[151,1436,1700,1904]" box="[199,355,1735,1760]" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">
<typeStatus id="54DE8850FF964349FF52C3A48939F970" box="[199,256,1735,1760]" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">
<emphasis id="B911EAE0FF964349FF52C3A48939F970" bold="true" box="[199,256,1735,1760]" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">Type</emphasis>
</typeStatus>
. 
<collectionCode id="ED74AE37FF964349FE9AC3AB895AF94F" box="[271,355,1736,1759]" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">BMNH</collectionCode>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C37F6579FF964349FF52C38F8B63F8DD" pageId="18" pageNumber="19" type="distribution">
<paragraph id="8BDA36F2FF964349FF52C38F8D33F895" blockId="18.[151,1436,1700,1904]" box="[199,1290,1772,1797]" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">
<emphasis id="B911EAE0FF964349FF52C38F8959F895" bold="true" box="[199,352,1772,1797]" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">Distribution.</emphasis>
N (Alpine, Contra Costa, Inyo, Marin, Monterey, Sacramento, Sonoma, Stanislaus)
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BDA36F2FF964349FF52C26C8B63F8DD" blockId="18.[151,1436,1700,1904]" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">
<emphasis id="B911EAE0FF964349FF52C26C895AF8B8" bold="true" box="[199,355,1807,1832]" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">Host/habitat.</emphasis>
Hyperparasitoid of undetermined 
<taxonomicName id="4C654D71FF964349FC94C26C8BA8F8B8" box="[769,913,1807,1832]" class="Insecta" family="Cicadellidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="18" pageNumber="19" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="family">Cicadellidae</taxonomicName>
; 
<taxonomicName id="4C654D71FF964349FC36C26C8C95F8B8" box="[931,1196,1807,1832]" class="Insecta" family="Delphacidae" genus="Megamelus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="18" pageNumber="19" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="proserpina">
<emphasis id="B911EAE0FF964349FC36C26C8C95F8B8" box="[931,1196,1807,1832]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">Megamelus proserpina</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
via 
<taxonomicName id="4C654D71FF964349FB7FC26C893FF8DD" class="Insecta" family="Dryinidae" genus="Echthrodelphax" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="18" pageNumber="19" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="fairchildii">
<emphasis id="B911EAE0FF964349FB7FC26C893FF8DD" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">Echthrodelphax fairchildii</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, 
<taxonomicName id="4C654D71FF964349FE81C2578A08F8DC" box="[276,561,1844,1869]" class="Insecta" family="Dryinidae" genus="Haplogonatopus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="18" pageNumber="19" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="vitiensis">
<emphasis id="B911EAE0FF964349FE81C2578A08F8DC" box="[276,561,1844,1869]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">Haplogonatopus vitiensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, 
<taxonomicName id="4C654D71FF964349FDAAC2578B63F8DD" box="[575,858,1844,1869]" class="Insecta" family="Dryinidae" genus="Pseudogonatopus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="18" pageNumber="19" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="hospes">
<emphasis id="B911EAE0FF964349FDAAC2578B63F8DD" box="[575,858,1844,1869]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">Pseudogonatopus hospes</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C37F6579FF964349FF52C2348DA0F8E0" box="[199,1433,1879,1904]" pageId="18" pageNumber="19" type="discussion">
<paragraph id="8BDA36F2FF964349FF52C2348DA0F8E0" blockId="18.[151,1436,1700,1904]" box="[199,1433,1879,1904]" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">
<emphasis id="B911EAE0FF964349FF52C2348902F8E0" bold="true" box="[199,315,1879,1904]" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">Remarks.</emphasis>
This species was described from material collected in Ohio, and has become established in Hawaii.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C37F6579FF974348FF02C5FA89E2FF20" box="[151,475,151,176]" pageId="19" pageNumber="20" type="reference_group">
<paragraph id="8BDA36F2FF974348FF02C5FA89E2FF20" blockId="19.[151,1437,151,573]" box="[151,475,151,176]" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">
<treatmentCitationGroup id="AB7511DCFF974348FF02C5FA89E2FF20" box="[151,475,151,176]" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">
<taxonomicName id="4C654D71FF974348FF02C5FA89E2FF20" ID-CoL="5XRJ5" authority="Compere 1925: 297" authorityName="Compere" authorityPageNumber="297" authorityYear="1925" box="[151,475,151,176]" class="Insecta" family="Encyrtidae" genus="Cheiloneurus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="19" pageNumber="20" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="inimicus">
<emphasis id="B911EAE0FF974348FF02C5FA88CFFF20" box="[151,246,153,176]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">inimicus</emphasis>
<treatmentCitation id="0AC410E3FF974348FF68C5FB89E2FF20" author="Compere" box="[253,475,151,176]" page="297" pageId="19" pageNumber="20" year="1925">
<bibRefCitation id="EFF44B03FF974348FF68C5FB899FFF20" author="Compere" box="[253,422,151,176]" pageId="19" pageNumber="20" refString="Compere, H. (1925) New chalcidoid (hymenopterous) parasites and hyperparasites of the black scale, Saissetia oleae Bernard. University of California Publications in Entomology, 3, 295 - 326." type="journal article" year="1925">Compere 1925</bibRefCitation>
: 297
</treatmentCitation>
</taxonomicName>
</treatmentCitationGroup>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C37F6579FF974348FF52C5DF8959FF44" box="[199,352,188,213]" pageId="19" pageNumber="20" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph id="8BDA36F2FF974348FF52C5DF8959FF44" blockId="19.[151,1437,151,573]" box="[199,352,188,213]" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">
<emphasis id="B911EAE0FF974348FF52C5DF8939FF45" bold="true" box="[199,256,188,213]" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">
<typeStatus id="54DE8850FF974348FF52C5DF8939FF45" box="[199,256,188,213]" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">Type</typeStatus>
</emphasis>
. 
<collectionCode id="ED74AE37FF974348FE9AC5DF8959FF44" LSID="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34871" box="[271,352,188,212]" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34871" name="Smithsonian Institution, National Museum of Natural History" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">USNM</collectionCode>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C37F6579FF974348FF52C5BC8BC3FE18" pageId="19" pageNumber="20" type="distribution">
<paragraph id="8BDA36F2FF974348FF52C5BC8D7BFE8C" blockId="19.[151,1437,151,573]" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">
<emphasis id="B911EAE0FF974348FF52C5BC8959FF68" bold="true" box="[199,352,223,248]" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">Distribution.</emphasis>
W (Alameda, Amador, Butte, Calaveras, Contra Costa, El Dorado, Los Angeles, Riverside, San Benito, San Bernardino, San Luis Obispo, Santa Barbara, Santa Clara, Stanislaus, Solano, Tulare, Ventura)
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BDA36F2FF974348FF52C4448BC3FE18" blockId="19.[151,1437,151,573]" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">
<emphasis id="B911EAE0FF974348FF52C444895AFED0" bold="true" box="[199,355,295,320]" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">Host/habitat.</emphasis>
Hyperparasitoid of 
<taxonomicName id="4C654D71FF974348FDD9C4448AE8FED0" box="[588,721,295,320]" class="Insecta" family="Coccidae" genus="Ceroplastes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="19" pageNumber="20" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B911EAE0FF974348FDD9C4448AE8FED0" box="[588,721,295,320]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">Ceroplastes</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
sp., 
<taxonomicName id="4C654D71FF974348FC9EC4448C1DFED0" box="[779,1060,295,320]" class="Insecta" family="Coccidae" genus="Physokermes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="19" pageNumber="20" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="insignicola">
<emphasis id="B911EAE0FF974348FC9EC4448C1DFED0" box="[779,1060,295,320]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">Physokermes insignicola</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, 
<taxonomicName id="4C654D71FF974348FBA0C44B8CE6FED0" box="[1077,1247,295,320]" class="Insecta" family="Coccidae" genus="Saissetia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="19" pageNumber="20" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="oleae">
<emphasis id="B911EAE0FF974348FBA0C44B8CE6FED0" box="[1077,1247,295,320]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">Saissetia oleae</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
via 
<taxonomicName id="4C654D71FF974348FA81C4448936FEF5" class="Insecta" family="Encyrtidae" genus="Metaphycus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="19" pageNumber="20" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="lounsburyi">
<emphasis id="B911EAE0FF974348FA81C4448936FEF5" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">Metaphycus lounsburyi</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, 
<taxonomicName id="4C654D71FF974348FEBEC42E89D2FEF5" box="[299,491,332,357]" class="Insecta" family="Encyrtidae" genus="Metaphycus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="19" pageNumber="20" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="physokermis">
<emphasis id="B911EAE0FF974348FEBEC42E897BFEF4" box="[299,322,333,356]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">M</emphasis>
. 
<emphasis id="B911EAE0FF974348FECAC42F89D2FEF5" box="[351,491,332,357]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">physokermis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
; 
<emphasis id="B911EAE0FF974348FD9CC42F8A72FEF5" bold="true" box="[521,587,332,357]" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">NEW</emphasis>
: 
<taxonomicName id="4C654D71FF974348FDFDC42F8BF0FEF5" box="[616,969,332,357]" class="Insecta" family="Pseudococcidae" genus="Amonostherium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="19" pageNumber="20" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="lichtensioides">
<emphasis id="B911EAE0FF974348FDFDC42F8BF0FEF5" box="[616,969,332,357]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">Amonostherium lichtensioides</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, 
<taxonomicName id="4C654D71FF974348FC73C42F8D31FEF4" box="[998,1288,332,357]" class="Insecta" family="Lecanodiaspididae" genus="Lecanodiaspis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="19" pageNumber="20" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="rufescens">
<emphasis id="B911EAE0FF974348FC73C42F8D31FEF4" box="[998,1288,332,357]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">Lecanodiaspis rufescens</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, 
<taxonomicName id="4C654D71FF974348FAB1C42F895AFE18" class="Insecta" family="Coccidae" genus="Pulvinaria" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="19" pageNumber="20" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="mesembryanthemi">
<emphasis id="B911EAE0FF974348FAB1C42F895AFE18" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">Pulvinaria mesembryanthemi</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
via 
<taxonomicName id="4C654D71FF974348FE06C4128AB5FE18" box="[403,652,367,392]" class="Insecta" family="Encyrtidae" genus="Diversinervus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="19" pageNumber="20" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="elegans">
<emphasis id="B911EAE0FF974348FE06C4128AB5FE18" box="[403,652,367,392]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">Diversinervus elegans</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, 
<taxonomicName id="4C654D71FF974348FD0FC4128B4BFE18" box="[666,882,369,392]" class="Insecta" family="Encyrtidae" genus="Microterys" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="19" pageNumber="20" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="nietneri">
<emphasis id="B911EAE0FF974348FD0FC4128B4BFE18" box="[666,882,369,392]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">Microterys nietneri</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(all UCRC)
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C37F6579FF974348FF52C4F78977FDAD" pageId="19" pageNumber="20" type="discussion">
<paragraph id="8BDA36F2FF974348FF52C4F78977FDAD" blockId="19.[151,1437,151,573]" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">
<emphasis id="B911EAE0FF974348FF52C4F78902FE3D" bold="true" box="[199,315,404,429]" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">Remarks.</emphasis>
Specimens of a 
<taxonomicName id="4C654D71FF974348FD98C4F78A9DFE3D" box="[525,676,404,429]" class="Insecta" family="Encyrtidae" genus="Cheiloneurus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="19" pageNumber="20" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B911EAE0FF974348FD98C4F78A9DFE3D" box="[525,676,404,429]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">Cheiloneurus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
species near 
<taxonomicName id="4C654D71FF974348FCD8C4F68B95FE3C" box="[845,940,405,428]" class="Insecta" family="Encyrtidae" genus="Cheiloneurus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="19" pageNumber="20" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="inimicus">
<emphasis id="B911EAE0FF974348FCD8C4F68B95FE3C" box="[845,940,405,428]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">inimicus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
were collected from Fresno and Tehama counties (EMEC), Marin County (RLZC) and San Bernardino County, the latter having emerged from a gall on a 
<taxonomicName id="4C654D71FF974348FF02C4BE88CCFE64" box="[151,245,477,500]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Fagaceae" genus="Quercus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Fagales" pageId="19" pageNumber="20" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B911EAE0FF974348FF02C4BE88CCFE64" box="[151,245,477,500]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">Quercus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
sp. (
<taxonomicName id="4C654D71FF974348FEBCC4BF89ACFE64" box="[297,405,476,500]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Fagaceae" kingdom="Plantae" order="Fagales" pageId="19" pageNumber="20" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="family">Fagaceae</taxonomicName>
) (UCRC). 
<bibRefCitation id="EFF44B03FF974348FD9AC4BF8B0BFE64" author="McCoy" box="[527,818,476,501]" pageId="19" pageNumber="20" refString="McCoy, C. W. &amp; Selhime, A. G. (1970) Cheiloneurus inimicus (Hymenoptera: Encyrtidae), a primary parasite of black scale in Florida. Annals of the Entomological Society of America, 63, 618 - 691. http: // dx. doi. org / 10.1093 / aesa / 63.2.618" type="journal article" year="1970">McCoy &amp; Selhime (1970)</bibRefCitation>
reported this species as a primary parasitoid of 
<taxonomicName id="4C654D71FF974348FAD1C4BE8DA2FE65" box="[1348,1435,476,501]" class="Insecta" family="Coccidae" genus="Saissetia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="19" pageNumber="20" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="oleae">
<emphasis id="B911EAE0FF974348FAD1C4BE8D6BFE64" box="[1348,1362,477,500]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">S</emphasis>
. 
<emphasis id="B911EAE0FF974348FACAC4BF8DA2FE65" box="[1375,1435,476,501]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">oleae</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
based on the lack of host remains, but 
<bibRefCitation id="EFF44B03FF974348FDD3C7638AE4FD88" author="Rosen" box="[582,733,512,536]" pageId="19" pageNumber="20" refString="Rosen, D. (1981) Some concluding remarks. In: Rosen, D. (Ed.), The role of hyperparasitism in biological control: a symposium. Division of Agricultural Sciences, University of California, Priced publication 4103, pp. 50 - 52." type="journal article" year="1981">Rosen (1981)</bibRefCitation>
corrected this, pointing out that hyperparasitoids can consume their entire host.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C37F6579FF974348FF02C70F89DAFD14" box="[151,483,620,645]" pageId="19" pageNumber="20" type="reference_group">
<paragraph id="8BDA36F2FF974348FF02C70F89DAFD14" blockId="19.[151,1436,620,861]" box="[151,483,620,645]" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">
<treatmentCitationGroup id="AB7511DCFF974348FF02C70F89DAFD14" box="[151,483,620,645]" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">
<taxonomicName id="4C654D71FF974348FF02C70F89DAFD14" ID-CoL="TSB9" authority="Gahan 1910: 207" authorityName="Gahan" authorityPageNumber="207" authorityYear="1910" box="[151,483,620,645]" class="Insecta" family="Encyrtidae" genus="Cheiloneurus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="19" pageNumber="20" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="lineascapus">
<emphasis id="B911EAE0FF974348FF02C70F8922FD15" box="[151,283,620,645]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">lineascapus</emphasis>
<treatmentCitation id="0AC410E3FF974348FEB7C70F89DAFD14" author="Gahan" box="[290,483,620,645]" page="207" pageId="19" pageNumber="20" year="1910">
<bibRefCitation id="EFF44B03FF974348FEB7C70F8997FD14" author="Gahan" box="[290,430,620,645]" pageId="19" pageNumber="20" refString="Gahan, A. B. (1910) Four new species of Hymenoptera. Chalcidoidea, Encyrtidae. The Canadian Entomologist, 42, 205 - 208. http: // dx. doi. org / 10.4039 / Ent 42205 - 6" type="journal article" year="1910">Gahan 1910</bibRefCitation>
: 207
</treatmentCitation>
</taxonomicName>
</treatmentCitationGroup>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C37F6579FF974348FF52C7EC8959FD38" box="[199,352,655,680]" pageId="19" pageNumber="20" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph id="8BDA36F2FF974348FF52C7EC8959FD38" blockId="19.[151,1436,620,861]" box="[199,352,655,680]" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">
<typeStatus id="54DE8850FF974348FF52C7EC8939FD38" box="[199,256,655,680]" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">
<emphasis id="B911EAE0FF974348FF52C7EC8939FD38" bold="true" box="[199,256,655,680]" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">Type</emphasis>
</typeStatus>
. 
<collectionCode id="ED74AE37FF974348FE9AC7F38959FD38" LSID="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34871" box="[271,352,656,680]" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34871" name="Smithsonian Institution, National Museum of Natural History" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">USNM</collectionCode>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C37F6579FF974348FF52C7D789CFFC84" pageId="19" pageNumber="20" type="distribution">
<paragraph id="8BDA36F2FF974348FF52C7D78C29FD5C" blockId="19.[151,1436,620,861]" box="[199,1040,692,717]" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">
<emphasis id="B911EAE0FF974348FF52C7D78959FD5D" bold="true" box="[199,352,692,717]" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">Distribution.</emphasis>
N (Los Angeles, Napa, San Bernardino, San Diego, Ventura)
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BDA36F2FF974348FF52C7B489CFFC84" blockId="19.[151,1436,620,861]" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">
<emphasis id="B911EAE0FF974348FF52C7B4895AFD60" bold="true" box="[199,355,727,752]" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">Host/habitat.</emphasis>
Hyperparasitoid of 
<emphasis id="B911EAE0FF974348FDDDC7BA8C3EFD60" box="[584,1031,727,752]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">
<taxonomicName id="4C654D71FF974348FDDDC7BA8B6BFD60" box="[584,850,729,752]" class="Insecta" family="Kermesidae" genus="Kermes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="19" pageNumber="20" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="nigropunctatus">Kermes nigropunctatus</taxonomicName>
, 
<taxonomicName id="4C654D71FF974348FCCBC7BB8C3EFD60" box="[862,1031,727,752]" class="Insecta" family="Coccidae" genus="Saissetia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="19" pageNumber="20" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="oleae">Saissetia oleae</taxonomicName>
</emphasis>
via 
<taxonomicName id="4C654D71FF974348FBACC7B48D79FD60" box="[1081,1344,727,752]" class="Insecta" family="Encyrtidae" genus="Metaphycus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="19" pageNumber="20" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="lounsburyi">
<emphasis id="B911EAE0FF974348FBACC7B48D79FD60" box="[1081,1344,727,752]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">Metaphycus lounsburyi</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
; 
<emphasis id="B911EAE0FF974348FAC7C7B48DADFD60" bold="true" box="[1362,1428,727,752]" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">NEW</emphasis>
: 
<taxonomicName id="4C654D71FF974348FF02C79F89B6FC85" box="[151,399,764,789]" class="Insecta" family="Pseudococcidae" genus="Radiococcus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="19" pageNumber="20" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="kelloggii">
<emphasis id="B911EAE0FF974348FF02C79F89B6FC85" box="[151,399,764,789]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">Radiococcus kelloggii</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(EMEC)
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C37F6579FF974348FF52C67C8C6AFCCC" pageId="19" pageNumber="20" type="discussion">
<paragraph id="8BDA36F2FF974348FF52C67C8C6AFCCC" blockId="19.[151,1436,620,861]" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">
<emphasis id="B911EAE0FF974348FF52C67C8902FCA8" bold="true" box="[199,315,799,824]" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">Remarks.</emphasis>
The host record of a 
<taxonomicName id="4C654D71FF974348FDA7C6428ABEFCA8" box="[562,647,801,824]" class="Insecta" family="Kermesidae" genus="Kermes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="19" pageNumber="20" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B911EAE0FF974348FDA7C6428ABEFCA8" box="[562,647,801,824]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">Kermes</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
sp. on lilac (
<taxonomicName id="4C654D71FF974348FC89C67C8BBFFCA8" box="[796,902,799,824]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Oleaceae" kingdom="Plantae" order="Lamiales" pageId="19" pageNumber="20" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="family">Oleaceae</taxonomicName>
) given in the original description is probably a misidentification, since as far as is known, 
<taxonomicName id="4C654D71FF974348FDEFC6268AE9FCCC" box="[634,720,837,860]" class="Insecta" family="Kermesidae" genus="Kermes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="19" pageNumber="20" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B911EAE0FF974348FDEFC6268AE9FCCC" box="[634,720,837,860]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">Kermes</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
spp. are restricted to 
<taxonomicName id="4C654D71FF974348FC55C6268C27FCCC" box="[960,1054,837,860]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Fagaceae" genus="Quercus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Fagales" pageId="19" pageNumber="20" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B911EAE0FF974348FC55C6268C27FCCC" box="[960,1054,837,860]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">Quercus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
spp.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C37F6579FF974348FF02C6EE89FCFC34" box="[151,453,908,933]" pageId="19" pageNumber="20" type="reference_group">
<paragraph id="8BDA36F2FF974348FF02C6EE89FCFC34" blockId="19.[151,1437,908,1256]" box="[151,453,908,933]" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">
<treatmentCitationGroup id="AB7511DCFF974348FF02C6EE89FCFC34" box="[151,453,908,933]" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">
<taxonomicName id="4C654D71FF974348FF02C6EE89FCFC34" ID-CoL="TSBZ" authority="Compere 1925: 302" authorityName="Compere" authorityPageNumber="302" authorityYear="1925" box="[151,453,908,933]" class="Insecta" family="Encyrtidae" genus="Cheiloneurus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="19" pageNumber="20" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="noxius">
<emphasis id="B911EAE0FF974348FF02C6EE88D9FC34" box="[151,224,909,932]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">noxius</emphasis>
<treatmentCitation id="0AC410E3FF974348FF72C6EF89FCFC34" author="Compere" box="[231,453,908,933]" page="302" pageId="19" pageNumber="20" year="1925">
<bibRefCitation id="EFF44B03FF974348FF72C6EF89A9FC35" author="Compere" box="[231,400,908,933]" pageId="19" pageNumber="20" refString="Compere, H. (1925) New chalcidoid (hymenopterous) parasites and hyperparasites of the black scale, Saissetia oleae Bernard. University of California Publications in Entomology, 3, 295 - 326." type="journal article" year="1925">Compere 1925</bibRefCitation>
: 302
</treatmentCitation>
</taxonomicName>
</treatmentCitationGroup>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C37F6579FF974348FF52C6CC8959FC58" box="[199,352,943,968]" pageId="19" pageNumber="20" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph id="8BDA36F2FF974348FF52C6CC8959FC58" blockId="19.[151,1437,908,1256]" box="[199,352,943,968]" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">
<typeStatus id="54DE8850FF974348FF52C6CC8939FC58" box="[199,256,943,968]" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">
<emphasis id="B911EAE0FF974348FF52C6CC8939FC58" bold="true" box="[199,256,943,968]" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">Type</emphasis>
</typeStatus>
. 
<collectionCode id="ED74AE37FF974348FE9AC6D38959FC58" LSID="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34871" box="[271,352,944,968]" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34871" name="Smithsonian Institution, National Museum of Natural History" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">USNM</collectionCode>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C37F6579FF974348FF52C6B78BA0FBC8" pageId="19" pageNumber="20" type="distribution">
<paragraph id="8BDA36F2FF974348FF52C6B78984FB80" blockId="19.[151,1437,908,1256]" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">
<emphasis id="B911EAE0FF974348FF52C6B78959FC7D" bold="true" box="[199,352,980,1005]" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">Distribution.</emphasis>
C (Contra Costa, Los Angeles, Orange, Riverside, San Bernardino, San Diego, San Luis Obispo, Santa 
<taxonomicName id="4C654D71FF974348FF49C694898CFB80" authority="Stanislaus" authorityName="Stanislaus" box="[220,437,1015,1040]" class="Insecta" family="Tortricidae" genus="Barbara" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="19" pageNumber="20" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Barbara, Stanislaus</taxonomicName>
)
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BDA36F2FF974348FF52C17F8BA0FBC8" blockId="19.[151,1437,908,1256]" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">
<emphasis id="B911EAE0FF974348FF52C17F895AFBA5" bold="true" box="[199,355,1052,1077]" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">Host/habitat.</emphasis>
Hyperparasitoid of 
<taxonomicName id="4C654D71FF974348FDDEC17E8B13FBA5" box="[587,810,1052,1077]" class="Insecta" family="Coccidae" genus="Coccus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="19" pageNumber="20" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="hesperidum">
<emphasis id="B911EAE0FF974348FDDEC17E8B13FBA5" box="[587,810,1052,1077]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">Coccus hesperidum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, 
<taxonomicName id="4C654D71FF974348FCAFC17E8BC1FBA4" box="[826,1016,1052,1076]" class="Insecta" family="Coccidae" genus="Saissetia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="19" pageNumber="20" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="coffeae">
<emphasis id="B911EAE0FF974348FCAFC17E8BC1FBA4" box="[826,1016,1052,1076]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">Saissetia coffeae</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, 
<taxonomicName id="4C654D71FF974348FB9CC17E8C5DFBA5" box="[1033,1124,1052,1077]" class="Insecta" family="Coccidae" genus="Saissetia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="19" pageNumber="20" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="oleae">
<emphasis id="B911EAE0FF974348FB9CC17E8C2EFBA4" box="[1033,1047,1053,1076]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">S</emphasis>
. 
<emphasis id="B911EAE0FF974348FBB2C17F8C5DFBA5" box="[1063,1124,1052,1077]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">oleae</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
via 
<taxonomicName id="4C654D71FF974348FB0CC17E8DADFBA5" box="[1177,1428,1052,1077]" class="Insecta" family="Encyrtidae" genus="Diversinervus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="19" pageNumber="20" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="elegans">
<emphasis id="B911EAE0FF974348FB0CC17E8DADFBA5" box="[1177,1428,1052,1077]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">Diversinervus elegans</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, 
<taxonomicName id="4C654D71FF974348FF02C15C89A4FBC8" box="[151,413,1087,1112]" class="Insecta" family="Encyrtidae" genus="Metaphycus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="19" pageNumber="20" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="lounsburyi">
<emphasis id="B911EAE0FF974348FF02C15C89A4FBC8" box="[151,413,1087,1112]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">Metaphycus lounsburyi</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, 
<taxonomicName id="4C654D71FF974348FE3EC1228A11FBC8" box="[427,552,1087,1112]" class="Insecta" family="Encyrtidae" genus="Metaphycus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="19" pageNumber="20" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="luteolus">
<emphasis id="B911EAE0FF974348FE3EC12289FBFBC8" box="[427,450,1089,1112]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">M</emphasis>
. 
<emphasis id="B911EAE0FF974348FE45C15C8A11FBC8" box="[464,552,1087,1112]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">luteolus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, 
<taxonomicName id="4C654D71FF974348FDA2C1228A8AFBC8" box="[567,691,1087,1112]" class="Insecta" family="Encyrtidae" genus="Metaphycus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="19" pageNumber="20" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="stanleyi">
<emphasis id="B911EAE0FF974348FDA2C1228A77FBC8" box="[567,590,1089,1112]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">M</emphasis>
. 
<emphasis id="B911EAE0FF974348FDC9C15C8A8AFBC8" box="[604,691,1087,1112]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">stanleyi</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, 
<taxonomicName id="4C654D71FF974348FD54C1228BA0FBC8" box="[705,921,1089,1112]" class="Insecta" family="Encyrtidae" genus="Microterys" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="19" pageNumber="20" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="nietneri">
<emphasis id="B911EAE0FF974348FD54C1228BA0FBC8" box="[705,921,1089,1112]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">Microterys nietneri</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C37F6579FF974348FF52C1078A03FAE7" pageId="19" pageNumber="20" type="discussion">
<paragraph id="8BDA36F2FF974348FF52C1078935FB78" blockId="19.[151,1437,908,1256]" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">
<emphasis id="B911EAE0FF974348FF52C1078902FBED" bold="true" box="[199,315,1124,1149]" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">Remarks.</emphasis>
This species was accidentally established in Hawaii (
<bibRefCitation id="EFF44B03FF974348FC24C1078C53FBED" author="Beardsley" box="[945,1130,1124,1149]" pageId="19" pageNumber="20" refString="Beardsley, J. W. Jr. (1976) A synopsis of the Encyrtidae of the Hawaiian Islands with keys to genera and species (Hymenoptera: Chalcidoidea). Proceedings of the Hawaiian Entomological Society, 22, 181 - 228." type="journal article" year="1976">Beardsley 1976</bibRefCitation>
). In nature, this species is probably restricted to 
<emphasis id="B911EAE0FF974348FE1AC1EB8AB7FB30" box="[399,654,1159,1184]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">
<taxonomicName id="4C654D71FF974348FE1AC1EB89DCFB30" box="[399,485,1159,1184]" class="Insecta" family="Coccidae" genus="Saissetia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="19" pageNumber="20" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="oleae">S. oleae</taxonomicName>
/ 
<taxonomicName id="4C654D71FF974348FE67C1E48AB7FB30" box="[498,654,1159,1184]" class="Insecta" family="Encyrtidae" genus="Metaphycus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="19" pageNumber="20" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="lounsburyi">M. lounsburyi</taxonomicName>
</emphasis>
—all other host records are from laboratory rearings. 
<bibRefCitation id="EFF44B03FF974348FB7FC1E48DA5FB30" author="Weseloh" box="[1258,1436,1159,1184]" pageId="19" pageNumber="20" refString="Weseloh, R. M. (1969) Biology of Cheiloneurus noxius, with emphasis on host relationships and oviposition behavior. Annals of the Entomological Society of America, 62, 299 - 305. http: // dx. doi. org / 10.1093 / aesa / 62.2.299" type="journal article" year="1969">Weseloh (1969)</bibRefCitation>
reported this species appears to be able to discriminate between encyrtid and aphelinid primary parasitoids in the scale host.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BDA36F2FF974348FF02C07B88FCFABF" blockId="19.[151,1436,1304,1400]" box="[151,197,1304,1327]" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">spp.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BDA36F2FF974348FF52C05F8A03FAE7" blockId="19.[151,1436,1304,1400]" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">
<emphasis id="B911EAE0FF974348FF52C05F8902FAC5" bold="true" box="[199,315,1340,1365]" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">Remarks.</emphasis>
In addition to the species listed above, I have seen specimens that appear to represent an additional 10 morphospecies present in the state
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>