229 lines
29 KiB
XML
229 lines
29 KiB
XML
<document id="80403CD8CBBB520AF38D3D352DB083E1" ID-CLB-Dataset="5948" ID-DOI="10.11646/zootaxa.4980.3.1" ID-GBIF-Dataset="f36e1c1f-1bfa-4fbc-b2dd-5edf6c7173af" ID-ISSN="1175-5326" ID-Zenodo-Dep="4896889" ID-ZooBank="F1FCA8AC-A984-4547-8A05-F1993BDAEE7C" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.tables_requiresApprovalFor="existingObjects,plazi" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" IM.treatmentCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.treatments_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1622722708824" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Mah, Christopher L." docDate="2021" docId="03CC8790033C3912C5BA41867A11AC1A" docLanguage="en" docName="zootaxa.4980.3.1.pdf" docOrigin="Zootaxa 4980 (3)" docStyle="DocumentStyle:647186512141C8FC8976D5BCC54AEB7D.9:Zootaxa.2013-.journal_article" docStyleId="647186512141C8FC8976D5BCC54AEB7D" docStyleName="Zootaxa.2013-.journal_article" docStyleVersion="9" docTitle="Hacelia raaraa Mah 2021, n. sp." docType="treatment" docVersion="7" lastPageNumber="425" masterDocId="FFF5FFE8032A390AC52D45617F37AA6F" masterDocTitle="The East Pacific / South Pacific Boundary: New taxa and occurrences from Rapa Nui (Easter Island), New Caledonia and adjacent regions" masterLastPageNumber="450" masterPageNumber="401" pageNumber="423" updateTime="1698999201094" updateUser="ExternalLinkService" zenodo-license-document="CLOSED">
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<mods:title id="79D5D5CAE070CB363E73103414BEB20C">The East Pacific / South Pacific Boundary: New taxa and occurrences from Rapa Nui (Easter Island), New Caledonia and adjacent regions</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="5AB27F4FB116AB0B5325C513E8874890">Mah, Christopher L.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:title id="6F7F551A9EBF9C30E9FD365B1A44F8E7">Zootaxa</mods:title>
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<mods:date id="555D4D4DEFC14C167C3C0007FC867756">2021</mods:date>
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<mods:number id="E0A1B2C230B8928E0201E0605C9DC770">2021-06-02</mods:number>
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<treatment id="03CC8790033C3912C5BA41867A11AC1A" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5041196" ID-GBIF-Taxon="183202795" ID-Zenodo-Dep="5041196" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03CC8790033C3912C5BA41867A11AC1A" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/03CC8790033C3912C5BA41867A11AC1A" lastPageId="24" lastPageNumber="425" pageId="22" pageNumber="423">
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<subSubSection id="C37F650D033C391CC5BA41867EAFAF6D" box="[151,408,1255,1282]" pageId="22" pageNumber="423" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="8BDA3686033C391CC5BA41867EAFAF6D" blockId="22.[151,408,1255,1318]" box="[151,408,1255,1282]" pageId="22" pageNumber="423">
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<heading id="D09281EA033C391CC5BA41867EAFAF6D" bold="true" box="[151,408,1255,1282]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="22" pageNumber="423" reason="1">
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<emphasis id="B911EA94033C391CC5BA41867EAFAF6D" bold="true" box="[151,408,1255,1282]" pageId="22" pageNumber="423">
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<taxonomicName id="4C654D05033C391CC5BA41867E79AF6D" ID-CoL="8KPZ9" authority="Mah, 2021" authorityName="Mah" authorityYear="2021" box="[151,334,1255,1282]" class="Asteroidea" family="Ophidiasteridae" genus="Hacelia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Valvatida" pageId="22" pageNumber="423" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="species" species="raaraa" status="sp. nov.">
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<emphasis id="B911EA94033C391CC5BA41867E79AF6D" bold="true" box="[151,334,1255,1282]" italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="423">Hacelia raaraa</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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<taxonomicNameLabel id="A22257EF033C391CC47B41897EAFAF6D" box="[342,408,1256,1282]" pageId="22" pageNumber="423" rank="species">n. sp.</taxonomicNameLabel>
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</emphasis>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C37F650D033C391CC5BA406D7E05AF49" box="[151,306,1292,1318]" pageId="22" pageNumber="423" type="description">
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<paragraph id="8BDA3686033C391CC5BA406D7E05AF49" blockId="22.[151,408,1255,1318]" box="[151,306,1292,1318]" pageId="22" pageNumber="423">
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<figureCitation id="135E2A03033C391CC5BA406D7E05AF49" box="[151,306,1292,1318]" captionStart="FIGURE 9" captionStartId="23.[151,250,1879,1903]" captionTargetBox="[156,1428,243,1850]" captionTargetId="figure-33@23.[151,1436,237,1856]" captionTargetPageId="23" captionText="FIGURE 9. Hacelia raaraa n. sp. Holotype. CASIZ 22378 (Rapa Nui): A. Abactinal view. Scale bar equals 2.0 cm. B. In situ observation of holotype. Photo by Dr. Luiz Rocha. C. Actinal view. Scale bar equals 2.0 cm. D. Close-up showing abactinal surface. Scale bar equals 1.0 cm. E. Close-up of actinal surface and furrow spines. Scale bar equals 0.2 cm. F. Interradial, marginal close-up. Scale bar equals 0.5 cm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4896915" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4896915/files/figure.png" pageId="22" pageNumber="423">Figures 9A–F</figureCitation>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C37F650D033C391CC5BA40357D4FAFFD" pageId="22" pageNumber="423" type="etymology">
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<paragraph id="8BDA3686033C391CC5BA40357D4FAFFD" blockId="22.[151,1437,1364,2039]" pageId="22" pageNumber="423">
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<emphasis id="B911EA94033C391CC5BA40357E29AF01" bold="true" box="[151,286,1364,1390]" pageId="22" pageNumber="423">Etymology.</emphasis>
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The species epithet is taken from the Rapa Nui word
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<emphasis id="B911EA94033C391CC6AC40357CD6AF01" box="[897,993,1364,1390]" italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="423">ra’ara’a</emphasis>
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for “rough and rugged” alluding to the very bumpy surface texture of this species.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C37F650D033C391CC5EA40FD7B9FAC05" pageId="22" pageNumber="423" type="diagnosis">
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<paragraph id="8BDA3686033C391CC5EA40FD7B9FAC05" blockId="22.[151,1437,1364,2039]" pageId="22" pageNumber="423">
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<emphasis id="B911EA94033C391CC5EA40FD7E75AFD9" bold="true" box="[199,322,1436,1462]" pageId="22" pageNumber="423">Diagnosis.</emphasis>
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A species distinguished by numerous bald, dome-like tubercles present on abactinal and lateral surfaces. Ten irregular papular rows. Papular pores 3 to 35, mostly 10 to 30 per region. Pedicellariae absent. Two furrow spines per plate, alternatively large and small. Subambulacrals twice the width and three times the length of each furrow spine forming a continuous series on either side of the ambulacral furrow. Color in life was light pink with darker red-orange bands on the middle to proximal arm regions and on primary circlet (i.e., central disk). White mottled highlights present throughout disk and arms. Bald dome like tubercles grey to white.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C37F650D033C3912C5EA43157DF1AADE" lastPageId="24" lastPageNumber="425" pageId="22" pageNumber="423" type="discussion">
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<paragraph id="8BDA3686033C391CC5EA43157B98ACB8" blockId="22.[151,1437,1364,2039]" pageId="22" pageNumber="423">
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<emphasis id="B911EA94033C391CC5EA43157E78ACE1" bold="true" box="[199,335,1652,1678]" pageId="22" pageNumber="423">Comments.</emphasis>
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Placement of this species into
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<taxonomicName id="4C654D05033C391CC79A43157C27ACE1" authorityName="Gray" authorityYear="1840" box="[695,784,1652,1678]" class="Asteroidea" family="Ophidiasteridae" genus="Hacelia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Valvatida" pageId="22" pageNumber="423" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="B911EA94033C391CC79A43157C27ACE1" box="[695,784,1652,1678]" italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="423">Hacelia</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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was complicated by the irregularity of the papular rows, which did not consistently demonstrate ten clear rows. Ultimately,
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<bibRefCitation id="EFF44B77033C391CC6A843F97B1DACDD" author="Blake, D. B." box="[901,1066,1688,1714]" pageId="22" pageNumber="423" pagination="234 - 241" refId="ref26554" refString="Blake, D. B. (1978) The taxonomic position of the modern seastar Cistina Gray, 1840. Proceedings of the Biological Society of Washington, 91 (1), 234 - 241." type="journal article" year="1978">Blake’s (1978)</bibRefCitation>
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criterion for the identification of marginal plates as tracking to the terminal plate was used to establish full serial papular rows.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8BDA3686033C391CC5EA43817A03ADE4" blockId="22.[151,1437,1364,2039]" pageId="22" pageNumber="423">
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This species is most similar to
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<taxonomicName id="4C654D05033C391CC70343817CA2AC94" authority="Liao, 1985" authorityName="Liao" authorityYear="1985" box="[558,917,1760,1787]" class="Asteroidea" family="Ophidiasteridae" genus="Hacelia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Valvatida" pageId="22" pageNumber="423" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="species" species="tuberculata">
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<emphasis id="B911EA94033C391CC70343817C27AC95" box="[558,784,1760,1786]" italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="423">Hacelia tuberculata</emphasis>
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<bibRefCitation id="EFF44B77033C391CC63743817CA2AC94" author="Liao, Y." box="[794,917,1760,1787]" pageId="22" pageNumber="423" pagination="30 - 34" refId="ref29381" refString="Liao, Y. (1985) Two new species of ophidiasterid sea-stars from the vicinity of Diaoyudao, East China Sea. Chinese Journal of Oceanology & Limnology, 3 (1), 30 - 34, 2 pls. https: // doi. org / 10.1007 / BF 02852900" type="journal article" year="1985">Liao, 1985</bibRefCitation>
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</taxonomicName>
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from
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<quantity id="4C9D9B63033C391CC6F343817B68AC94" box="[990,1119,1760,1787]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.5" metricValueMax="2.0" metricValueMin="1.0" pageId="22" pageNumber="423" unit="m" value="150.0" valueMax="200.0" valueMin="100.0">100–200 m</quantity>
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in the East
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<collectingCountry id="F3727616033C391CC1C043817A07AC95" box="[1261,1328,1760,1786]" name="China" pageId="22" pageNumber="423">China</collectingCountry>
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Sea with which it shares the distinctive round, bare, dome-like tubercles present on the surface. This species differs in the complete absence of pedicellariae, as described by
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<bibRefCitation id="EFF44B77033C391CC7F542497C6AAD2C" author="Liao, Y." box="[728,861,1832,1859]" pageId="22" pageNumber="423" pagination="30 - 34" refId="ref29381" refString="Liao, Y. (1985) Two new species of ophidiasterid sea-stars from the vicinity of Diaoyudao, East China Sea. Chinese Journal of Oceanology & Limnology, 3 (1), 30 - 34, 2 pls. https: // doi. org / 10.1007 / BF 02852900" type="journal article" year="1985">Liao (1985)</bibRefCitation>
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and in the irregular distribution of bare, dome-like tubercles along the arm as well as the increased abundance of tubercles on the distal end of the arm.
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<taxonomicName id="4C654D05033C391CC1C2422D7AABAD09" authority="Mah, 2021" authorityName="Mah" authorityYear="2021" box="[1263,1436,1868,1894]" class="Asteroidea" family="Ophidiasteridae" genus="Hacelia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Valvatida" pageId="22" pageNumber="423" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="species" species="raaraa" status="sp. nov.">
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<emphasis id="B911EA94033C391CC1C2422D7AABAD09" box="[1263,1436,1868,1894]" italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="423">Hacelia raaraa</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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<emphasis id="B911EA94033C391CC5BA42117FE1ADE5" bold="true" box="[151,214,1904,1930]" pageId="22" pageNumber="423">
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<taxonomicNameLabel id="A22257EF033C391CC5BA42117FE1ADE5" box="[151,214,1904,1930]" pageId="22" pageNumber="423" rank="species">n. sp.</taxonomicNameLabel>
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</emphasis>
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displays the furrow and subambulacral spination observed in
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<taxonomicName id="4C654D05033C391CC6A042107B18ADE5" authorityName="Liao" authorityYear="1985" box="[909,1071,1904,1930]" class="Asteroidea" family="Ophidiasteridae" genus="Hacelia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Valvatida" pageId="22" pageNumber="423" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="species" species="tuberculata">
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<emphasis id="B911EA94033C391CC6A042107B18ADE5" box="[909,1071,1904,1930]" italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="423">H. tuberculata</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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and other
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<taxonomicName id="4C654D05033C391CC18B42117A03ADE4" box="[1190,1332,1904,1931]" class="Asteroidea" family="Ophidiasteridae" genus="Hacelia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Valvatida" pageId="22" pageNumber="423" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="species" species="undetermined">
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<emphasis id="B911EA94033C391CC18B42117BC8ADE5" box="[1190,1279,1904,1930]" italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="423">Hacelia</emphasis>
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spp.
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</taxonomicName>
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8BDA3686033C391DC5EA42F57FC9AABA" blockId="22.[151,1437,1364,2039]" lastBlockId="23.[151,1436,151,213]" lastPageId="23" lastPageNumber="424" pageId="22" pageNumber="423">
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<taxonomicName id="4C654D05033C391CC5EA42F57D1AADC1" authority="Hendler, 1996" authorityName="Hendler" authorityYear="1996" box="[199,557,1940,1966]" class="Asteroidea" family="Ophidiasteridae" genus="Hacelia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Valvatida" pageId="22" pageNumber="423" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="species" species="bozanici">
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<emphasis id="B911EA94033C391CC5EA42F57EB1ADC1" box="[199,390,1940,1966]" italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="423">Hacelia bozanici</emphasis>
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<bibRefCitation id="EFF44B77033C391CC4A342F57D1AADC1" author="Hendler, G." box="[398,557,1940,1966]" pageId="22" pageNumber="423" pagination="319 - 338" refId="ref28776" refString="Hendler, G. (1996) Echinoderms collected at Rocas Alijos. In: Schmieder, R. W. (Ed.), Rocas Alijos. Kluwer Pub. Netherlands, pp. 319 - 338. https: // doi. org / 10.1007 / 978 - 94 - 017 - 2917 - 8 _ 27" type="book chapter" year="1996">Hendler, 1996</bibRefCitation>
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</taxonomicName>
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was is the only other species in this genus known from the East Pacific tropical area. It lacks the numerous tubercles present on
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<taxonomicName id="4C654D05033C391CC7C342D87C57ADBD" authority="Mah, 2021" authorityName="Mah" authorityYear="2021" box="[750,864,1977,2002]" class="Asteroidea" family="Ophidiasteridae" genus="Hacelia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Valvatida" pageId="22" pageNumber="423" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="species" species="raaraa" status="sp. nov.">
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<emphasis id="B911EA94033C391CC7C342D87C57ADBD" box="[750,864,1977,2002]" italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="423">H. raaraa</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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<emphasis id="B911EA94033C391CC64442D97C9DADBD" bold="true" box="[873,938,1976,2002]" pageId="22" pageNumber="423">
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<taxonomicNameLabel id="A22257EF033C391CC64442D97C9DADBD" box="[873,938,1976,2002]" pageId="22" pageNumber="423" rank="species">n. sp.</taxonomicNameLabel>
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</emphasis>
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but shares several other characters with
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<taxonomicName id="4C654D05033C391CC0AC42D87FE0AD99" class="Asteroidea" family="Ophidiasteridae" genus="Hacelia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Valvatida" pageId="22" pageNumber="423" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="species" species="raara">
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<emphasis id="B911EA94033C391CC0AC42D87FE0AD99" italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="423">H. raara</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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a
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<emphasis id="B911EA94033C391CC5C642BD7E1CAD99" bold="true" box="[235,299,2012,2038]" pageId="22" pageNumber="423">n. sp.</emphasis>
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including a similar number of papulae per papular region, the absence of pedicellariae and a similar furrow and subambulacral spines. The latter tube foot furrow spination is present in several other
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<taxonomicName id="4C654D05033D391DC1C645F67AABAADE" box="[1259,1436,151,177]" class="Asteroidea" family="Ophidiasteridae" genus="Hacelia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Valvatida" pageId="23" pageNumber="424" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="species" species="undetermined">
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<emphasis id="B911EA94033D391DC1C645F67A73AADE" box="[1259,1348,151,177]" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="424">Hacelia</emphasis>
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species
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</taxonomicName>
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however.
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</paragraph>
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<caption id="DF1A660E033D391DC5BA42367D1DADB4" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4896915" ID-Zenodo-Dep="4896915" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4896915/files/figure.png" pageId="23" pageNumber="424" startId="23.[151,250,1879,1903]" targetBox="[156,1428,243,1850]" targetPageId="23">
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<paragraph id="8BDA3686033D391DC5BA42367D1DADB4" blockId="23.[151,1437,1879,2012]" pageId="23" pageNumber="424">
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<emphasis id="B911EA94033D391DC5BA42367ECFAD1F" bold="true" box="[151,504,1879,1904]" pageId="23" pageNumber="424">
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FIGURE 9.
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<taxonomicName id="4C654D05033D391DC43742367E8FAD00" authority="Mah, 2021" authorityName="Mah" authorityYear="2021" box="[282,440,1879,1903]" class="Asteroidea" family="Ophidiasteridae" genus="Hacelia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Valvatida" pageId="23" pageNumber="424" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="species" species="raaraa" status="sp. nov.">
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<emphasis id="B911EA94033D391DC43742367E8FAD00" bold="true" box="[282,440,1879,1903]" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="424">Hacelia raaraa</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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<taxonomicNameLabel id="A22257EF033D391DC49242397ECFAD1F" box="[447,504,1880,1904]" pageId="23" pageNumber="424" rank="species">n. sp.</taxonomicNameLabel>
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</emphasis>
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Holotype. CASIZ 22378 (Rapa Nui):
|
||
<emphasis id="B911EA94033D391DC65342367CA0AD00" bold="true" box="[894,919,1879,1903]" pageId="23" pageNumber="424">A.</emphasis>
|
||
Abactinal view. Scale bar equals 2.0 cm.
|
||
<emphasis id="B911EA94033D391DC01342397A62AD1F" bold="true" box="[1342,1365,1880,1904]" pageId="23" pageNumber="424">B.</emphasis>
|
||
<emphasis id="B911EA94033D391DC07142397AAAAD00" box="[1372,1437,1880,1903]" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="424">In situ</emphasis>
|
||
observation of holotype. Photo by Dr. Luiz Rocha.
|
||
<emphasis id="B911EA94033D391DC787421A7DF4ADFC" bold="true" box="[682,707,1915,1939]" pageId="23" pageNumber="424">C.</emphasis>
|
||
Actinal view. Scale bar equals 2.0 cm.
|
||
<emphasis id="B911EA94033D391DC172421D7B4FADFB" bold="true" box="[1119,1144,1916,1940]" pageId="23" pageNumber="424">D.</emphasis>
|
||
Close-up showing abactinal surface. Scale bar equals 1.0 cm.
|
||
<emphasis id="B911EA94033D391DC4C742C17D36ADD7" bold="true" box="[490,513,1952,1976]" pageId="23" pageNumber="424">E.</emphasis>
|
||
Close-up of actinal surface and furrow spines. Scale bar equals 0.2 cm.
|
||
<emphasis id="B911EA94033D391DC1F042C17BC7ADD7" bold="true" box="[1245,1264,1952,1976]" pageId="23" pageNumber="424">F.</emphasis>
|
||
Interradial, marginal close-up. Scale bar equals 0.5 cm.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BDA368603323912C5EA45F77DF1AADE" blockId="24.[151,1437,150,1653]" box="[199,710,150,177]" pageId="24" pageNumber="425">
|
||
<emphasis id="B911EA9403323912C5EA45F77E6DAADF" bold="true" box="[199,346,150,176]" pageId="24" pageNumber="425">Occurrence.</emphasis>
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F372761603323912C44C45F67EBEAADE" box="[353,393,151,177]" name="Iceland" pageId="24" pageNumber="425">Isla</collectingCountry>
|
||
<collectorName id="2690535003323912C4BD45F67D35AADE" box="[400,514,151,177]" pageId="24" pageNumber="425">de Pascua</collectorName>
|
||
, Rapa Nui,
|
||
<specimenCount id="9D63FD0F03323912C7AB45F67DF1AADE" box="[646,710,151,177]" pageId="24" pageNumber="425" type="generic">
|
||
<quantity id="4C9D9B6303323912C7AB45F67DF5AADE" box="[646,706,151,177]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="8.2" pageId="24" pageNumber="425" unit="m" value="82.0">
|
||
<elevation id="0048D1B503323912C7AB45F67DF5AADE" box="[646,706,151,177]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="8.2" pageId="24" pageNumber="425" unit="m" value="82.0">82 m</elevation>
|
||
</quantity>
|
||
.
|
||
</specimenCount>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C37F650D03323912C5EA45DB7CCFAC42" pageId="24" pageNumber="425" type="description">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BDA368603323912C5EA45DB7D29AA96" blockId="24.[151,1437,150,1653]" pageId="24" pageNumber="425">
|
||
<emphasis id="B911EA9403323912C5EA45DB7E6EAABB" bold="true" box="[199,345,186,212]" pageId="24" pageNumber="425">Description.</emphasis>
|
||
Body stout, strongly stellate (R/r=5.8), small disk, arms elongate, interradial arcs acute. Arms broadly triangular in cross-section.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BDA368603323912C5EA44627C23A89E" blockId="24.[151,1437,150,1653]" pageId="24" pageNumber="425">Ten irregular papular rows present with well-developed rows present proximally becoming increasingly incomplete and irregular halfway along the distance to the end. Papular pores present between plates 3 to 35, mostly 10 to 30 with discrete translucent papulae. Individual plates form cylindrical, pronounced ridges rising above plane of body surface. Individual plates elongate, broadly cruciform in shape forming square quadrate to rectangular papular openings becoming more irregular and poorly defined distally with papular regions becoming smaller in outline with fewer papulae per region. Plates on disk with 3 to 5 cylindrical projections. Body surface covered by fine granule-invested dermal covering present on abactinal, lateral and actinal surface. Granules fine, quadrate to round in outline, approximately 10–15 present along a 1.0 mm line. Bald hemispherical tubercles present on disk primary circlet, central region of most abactinal and marginal plates, occupying a majority of the plate surface. Hemispherical tubercles smooth, bare and dome-like with granule-invested dermal layer present around base. Tubercles present along carinal, adradial, marginal and other plate series. Tubercle abundance increases distally with many more present around the latter half of each arm. Tubercles alternating with a flatter, shorter, granule-invested, dermal layer connecting ossicle present between those plates bearing dome-like tubercles. Madreporite badge-shaped, irregularly polygonal with shallow sulci. No pedicellariae observed.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BDA368603323912C5EA479A7AB0A9CA" blockId="24.[151,1437,150,1653]" pageId="24" pageNumber="425">Marginal series, although present, direct sequence does not clearly track on all arms, with the series becoming more irregular distally. As indicated earlier, both superomarginal and inferomarginal plates with a dome-like tubercle on plates alternating with a flattened, cylindrical plate covered by the fine granular dermis. Distinct papular pores, each bearing 10–30 papulae, present inter-marginally. Superomarginals, inferomarginals approximately 60– 70 per interradius (arm tip to arm tip, 30–35 per side). No pedicellariae observed. Terminal plate, round, smooth.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BDA368603323912C5EA46CE7E66AE12" blockId="24.[151,1437,150,1653]" pageId="24" pageNumber="425">Actinal surface composed of one complete and one incipient papular row, each containing 5 to 30 papulae. Surface covered by closely articulated granule-covered dermal layer forming transversely oriented, rectangular segments, approximately 65–70 from interradius to arm tip. Inferomarginal series, dome-like tubercles irregularly intergrading with actinal series, with tubercles tracking to terminal plate but dropping out on smaller plates adjacent to terminus. Actinal plate surface adjacent to oral region with one large subambulacral-like spine projecting into each interradius.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BDA368603323912C5EA41E67D2FAFF1" blockId="24.[151,1437,150,1653]" pageId="24" pageNumber="425">Two furrow spines per adambulacral, blunt and thickened, each spine triangular in cross section with round edges, each spine slightly offset on the plate so that they each compliments the other. Subambulacral spine enlarged each approximately twice the width and three times the length of each furrow spine. Subambulacrals blunt, rounded set of from the furrow spines by a discrete space, approximately one or two subambulacrals per actinal segment. Subambulacrals shorter and closer in size to furrow spines distally along arm. No pedicellariae observed. Oral spination crowded, densely packed. Approximately two to three furrow spines on oral plate with one blunt spine projecting into mouth. Two blunt spines, similar to furrow spines present on oral plate surface (determination is difficult due to crowded oral region).</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BDA368603323912C5EA40C67FCDAC66" blockId="24.[151,1437,150,1653]" pageId="24" pageNumber="425">Color in life was light pink with darker red-orange bands on the middle to proximal arm regions and on primary circlet (i.e., central disk). White mottled highlights present throughout disk and arms. Bald dome like tubercles grey to white.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BDA368603323912C5EA43727CCFAC42" blockId="24.[151,1437,150,1653]" box="[199,1016,1555,1581]" pageId="24" pageNumber="425">This species was observed on a rocky bottom among hydroids and algae.</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C37F650D03323912C5EA43577A11AC1A" pageId="24" pageNumber="425" type="materials_examined">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BDA368603323912C5EA43577A11AC1A" blockId="24.[151,1437,150,1653]" pageId="24" pageNumber="425">
|
||
<emphasis id="B911EA9403323912C5EA43577E85AC3F" bold="true" box="[199,434,1590,1616]" pageId="24" pageNumber="425">Material described.</emphasis>
|
||
<materialsCitation id="3B0D3CDB03323912C49743567A11AC1A" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3311713331" collectingDate="2017-03-06" collectionCode="CAS, R" collectorName="de Pascua & Coll. Bart Shepherd & Tyler Phelps & Luis Rocha & Rapa Nui Expedition." country="Iceland" elevation="82" location="Motu Nui" municipality="Rapa Nui" pageId="24" pageNumber="425" specimenCode="CASIZ 22378" specimenCount="82" typeStatus="holotype">
|
||
<typeStatus id="54DE882403323912C49743567D10AC3E" box="[442,551,1591,1617]" pageId="24" pageNumber="425" type="holotype">Holotype</typeStatus>
|
||
:
|
||
<specimenCode id="DBC39EFD03323912C71E43567DE1AC3E" box="[563,726,1591,1617]" collectionCode="CASIZ" pageId="24" pageNumber="425">CASIZ 22378</specimenCode>
|
||
.
|
||
<location id="8EBA605D03323912C7CF43567C66AC3E" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03CC8790033C3912C5BA41867A11AC1A:8EBA605D03323912C7CF43567C66AC3E" box="[738,849,1591,1617]" country="Iceland" municipality="Rapa Nui" name="Motu Nui" pageId="24" pageNumber="425">Motu Nui</location>
|
||
(
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F372761603323912C64C43567CBCAC3E" box="[865,907,1591,1617]" name="Iceland" pageId="24" pageNumber="425">Isla</collectingCountry>
|
||
<collectorName id="2690535003323912C6B943567B3EAC3E" box="[916,1033,1591,1617]" pageId="24" pageNumber="425">de Pascua</collectorName>
|
||
),
|
||
<collectingMunicipality id="6BBEACFC03323912C13043567BBBAC3E" box="[1053,1164,1591,1617]" pageId="24" pageNumber="425">Rapa Nui</collectingMunicipality>
|
||
,
|
||
<specimenCount id="9D63FD0F03323912C1B443567BEDAC3E" box="[1177,1242,1591,1617]" pageId="24" pageNumber="425" type="generic">
|
||
<quantity id="4C9D9B6303323912C1B443567BE1AC3E" box="[1177,1238,1591,1617]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="8.2" pageId="24" pageNumber="425" unit="m" value="82.0">
|
||
<elevation id="0048D1B503323912C1B443567BE1AC3E" box="[1177,1238,1591,1617]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="8.2" pageId="24" pageNumber="425" unit="m" value="82.0">82 m</elevation>
|
||
</quantity>
|
||
.
|
||
</specimenCount>
|
||
<collectorName id="2690535003323912C1CF43567FFBAC1A" pageId="24" pageNumber="425">Coll. Bart Shepherd</collectorName>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectorName id="2690535003323912C5FB433A7E54AC1A" box="[214,355,1627,1653]" pageId="24" pageNumber="425">Tyler Phelps</collectorName>
|
||
and
|
||
<collectorName id="2690535003323912C4B4433A7D2BAC1A" box="[409,540,1627,1653]" pageId="24" pageNumber="425">Luis Rocha</collectorName>
|
||
,
|
||
<date id="FFDB104603323912C705433A7DFFAC1A" box="[552,712,1627,1653]" pageId="24" pageNumber="425" value="2017-03-06">
|
||
<collectingDate id="EF9FE9AE03323912C705433A7DFFAC1A" box="[552,712,1627,1653]" pageId="24" pageNumber="425" value="2017-03-06">6 March 2017</collectingDate>
|
||
</date>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED74AE4303323912C7FE433A7C3EAC1A" box="[723,777,1627,1653]" country="USA" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15690" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34700" name="California Academy of Sciences" pageId="24" pageNumber="425" type="Museum">CAS</collectionCode>
|
||
<collectorName id="2690535003323912C63D433A7B33AC1A" box="[784,1028,1627,1653]" pageId="24" pageNumber="425">Rapa Nui Expedition.</collectorName>
|
||
1 wet spec.
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED74AE4303323912C1A2433A7B94AC1A" box="[1167,1187,1627,1653]" country="Chile" name="Departamento de Geologia, Universidad de Chile" pageId="24" pageNumber="425">R</collectionCode>
|
||
=9.9, r=1.7.
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |