287 lines
36 KiB
XML
287 lines
36 KiB
XML
<document id="D66836DBE8562B703CB25F358940C247" ID-CLB-Dataset="5948" ID-DOI="10.11646/zootaxa.4980.3.1" ID-GBIF-Dataset="f36e1c1f-1bfa-4fbc-b2dd-5edf6c7173af" ID-ISSN="1175-5326" ID-Zenodo-Dep="4896889" ID-ZooBank="F1FCA8AC-A984-4547-8A05-F1993BDAEE7C" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.tables_requiresApprovalFor="existingObjects,plazi" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" IM.treatmentCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.treatments_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1622722708824" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Mah, Christopher L." docDate="2021" docId="03CC8790033B3918C5BA43A77EF1AFF2" docLanguage="en" docName="zootaxa.4980.3.1.pdf" docOrigin="Zootaxa 4980 (3)" docStyle="DocumentStyle:647186512141C8FC8976D5BCC54AEB7D.9:Zootaxa.2013-.journal_article" docStyleId="647186512141C8FC8976D5BCC54AEB7D" docStyleName="Zootaxa.2013-.journal_article" docStyleVersion="9" docTitle="Astroglypha Mah 2021, n. gen." docType="treatment" docVersion="7" lastPageNumber="419" masterDocId="FFF5FFE8032A390AC52D45617F37AA6F" masterDocTitle="The East Pacific / South Pacific Boundary: New taxa and occurrences from Rapa Nui (Easter Island), New Caledonia and adjacent regions" masterLastPageNumber="450" masterPageNumber="401" pageNumber="418" updateTime="1698999201094" updateUser="ExternalLinkService" zenodo-license-document="CLOSED">
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<mods:title id="7F89AAE0AD023ABF12AF5D4AE12C4D86">The East Pacific / South Pacific Boundary: New taxa and occurrences from Rapa Nui (Easter Island), New Caledonia and adjacent regions</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="5272288C73DF223BCFDEEB9E289762B8">Mah, Christopher L.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:title id="253EBBC0B4F405801733209DE219110C">Zootaxa</mods:title>
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<mods:date id="2F921BEF8BB9823D71424656E86B3955">2021</mods:date>
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<mods:number id="1020678C51B251166C911E63027F2A48">2021-06-02</mods:number>
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<treatment id="03CC8790033B3918C5BA43A77EF1AFF2" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5041268" ID-GBIF-Taxon="183202817" ID-Zenodo-Dep="5041268" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03CC8790033B3918C5BA43A77EF1AFF2" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/03CC8790033B3918C5BA43A77EF1AFF2" lastPageId="18" lastPageNumber="419" pageId="17" pageNumber="418">
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<subSubSection id="C37F650D033B391BC5BA43A77EB4AC8E" box="[151,387,1734,1761]" pageId="17" pageNumber="418" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="8BDA3686033B391BC5BA43A77EB4AC8E" blockId="17.[151,387,1734,1761]" box="[151,387,1734,1761]" pageId="17" pageNumber="418">
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<heading id="D09281EA033B391BC5BA43A77EB4AC8E" bold="true" box="[151,387,1734,1761]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="17" pageNumber="418" reason="1">
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<emphasis id="B911EA94033B391BC5BA43A77EB4AC8E" bold="true" box="[151,387,1734,1761]" pageId="17" pageNumber="418">
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<taxonomicName id="4C654D05033B391BC5BA43A77E1DAC8E" authority="Mah, 2021" authorityName="Mah" authorityYear="2021" box="[151,298,1734,1761]" class="Asteroidea" family="Goniasteridae" genus="Astroglypha" kingdom="Animalia" order="Valvatida" pageId="17" pageNumber="418" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="genus" status="gen. nov.">
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<emphasis id="B911EA94033B391BC5BA43A77E1DAC8E" bold="true" box="[151,298,1734,1761]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="418">Astroglypha</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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<taxonomicNameLabel id="A22257EF033B391BC41C43A67EB4AC8E" box="[305,387,1735,1761]" pageId="17" pageNumber="418" rank="genus">n. gen.</taxonomicNameLabel>
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</emphasis>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C37F650D033B391BC5BA426E7C25AD22" pageId="17" pageNumber="418" type="etymology">
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<paragraph id="8BDA3686033B391BC5BA426E7C25AD22" blockId="17.[151,1437,1807,2013]" pageId="17" pageNumber="418">
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<emphasis id="B911EA94033B391BC5BA426E7E29AD46" bold="true" box="[151,286,1807,1833]" pageId="17" pageNumber="418">Etymology.</emphasis>
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The genus is composed of the Greek “
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<emphasis id="B911EA94033B391BC7E4426E7C24AD46" box="[713,787,1807,1833]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="418">Astron</emphasis>
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” for star and the Greek “glypho” for “carved or engraved” alluding to the very sculpted appearance of both species.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C37F650D033B391BC5EA42377EA4ADB2" pageId="17" pageNumber="418" type="diagnosis">
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<paragraph id="8BDA3686033B391BC5EA42377EA4ADB2" blockId="17.[151,1437,1807,2013]" pageId="17" pageNumber="418">
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<emphasis id="B911EA94033B391BC5EA42377E75AD1F" bold="true" box="[199,322,1878,1904]" pageId="17" pageNumber="418">Diagnosis.</emphasis>
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Body petaloid with short, blunt, arms. Disk and arm ossicles enlarged, convex and blocky forming three distinct series with carinal and superomarginal plates visible along each arm. Disk plates enlarged and blocky. Surface covered by continuous granulation. Adambulacral spines one or two. Large flattened bullet-shaped subambulacral spine present.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C37F650D03383918C5EA45F67EF1AFF2" pageId="18" pageNumber="419" type="type_taxon">
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<paragraph id="8BDA368603383918C5EA45F67DF8AADE" blockId="18.[151,1437,150,1437]" box="[199,719,150,177]" pageId="18" pageNumber="419">
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<emphasis id="B911EA9403383918C5EA45F67E55AADF" bold="true" box="[199,354,150,177]" pageId="18" pageNumber="419">
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<typeStatus id="54DE882403383918C5EA45F67E35AADE" box="[199,258,151,177]" pageId="18" pageNumber="419">Type</typeStatus>
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species.
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</emphasis>
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<taxonomicName id="4C654D0503383918C44445F67DBEAADE" authority="Mah" authorityName="Mah" authorityYear="2021" box="[361,649,151,177]" class="Asteroidea" family="Ophidiasteridae" genus="Tamaria" kingdom="Animalia" order="Valvatida" pageId="18" pageNumber="419" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="species" species="pyramidata" status="sp. nov.">
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<emphasis id="B911EA9403383918C44445F67D78AADE" box="[361,591,151,177]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="419">Tamaria pyramidata</emphasis>
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Mah
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</taxonomicName>
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<emphasis id="B911EA9403383918C7BC45F67DF8AADE" bold="true" box="[657,719,151,177]" pageId="18" pageNumber="419">
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<taxonomicNameLabel id="A22257EF03383918C7BC45F67DF8AADE" box="[657,719,151,177]" pageId="18" pageNumber="419" rank="species">n. sp.</taxonomicNameLabel>
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</emphasis>
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8BDA368603383918C5EA45DB7C0DABE6" blockId="18.[151,1437,150,1437]" pageId="18" pageNumber="419">
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<emphasis id="B911EA9403383918C5EA45DB7EEBAABB" bold="true" box="[199,476,186,212]" pageId="18" pageNumber="419">Taxonomic Comments.</emphasis>
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<taxonomicName id="4C654D0503383918C4C845DA7D8BAABA" ID-CoL="8J7DC" authorityName="Downey" authorityYear="1971" box="[485,700,187,213]" class="Asteroidea" family="Ophidiasteridae" genus="Tamaria" kingdom="Animalia" order="Valvatida" pageId="18" pageNumber="419" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="species" species="passiflora">
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<emphasis id="B911EA9403383918C4C845DA7D8BAABA" box="[485,700,187,213]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="419">Tamaria passiflora</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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and the new species of
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<taxonomicName id="4C654D0503383918C6F945DA7B6BAABA" authority="Mah, 2021" authorityName="Mah" authorityYear="2021" box="[980,1116,187,213]" class="Asteroidea" family="Goniasteridae" genus="Astroglypha" kingdom="Animalia" order="Valvatida" pageId="18" pageNumber="419" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="genus" status="gen. nov.">
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<emphasis id="B911EA9403383918C6F945DA7B6BAABA" box="[980,1116,187,213]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="419">Astroglypha</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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<emphasis id="B911EA9403383918C14845DA7B82AABA" bold="true" box="[1125,1205,187,213]" pageId="18" pageNumber="419">
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<taxonomicNameLabel id="A22257EF03383918C14845DA7B82AABA" box="[1125,1205,187,213]" pageId="18" pageNumber="419" rank="genus">n. gen.</taxonomicNameLabel>
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</emphasis>
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fall outside the historical
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<taxonomicName id="4C654D0503383918C5CA45BE7E72AA97" ID-CoL="7Q3MM" authorityName="Gray" authorityYear="1840" box="[231,325,223,248]" class="Asteroidea" family="Ophidiasteridae" genus="Tamaria" kingdom="Animalia" order="Valvatida" pageId="18" pageNumber="419" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="B911EA9403383918C5CA45BE7E72AA97" box="[231,325,223,248]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="419">Tamaria</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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concept as outlined by H.L.
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<bibRefCitation id="EFF44B7703383918C7B945BE7C12AA96" author="Clark, H. L." box="[660,805,223,249]" pageId="18" pageNumber="419" pagination="1 - 223" refId="ref27565" refString="Clark, H. L. (1921) The echinoderm fauna of Torres Strait: its composition and its origin. Department of Marine Biology of the Carnegie Institute, 10, i - vi + 1 - 223, 38 pls. https: // doi. org / 10.5962 / bhl. title. 14613" type="journal article" year="1921">Clark (1921)</bibRefCitation>
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and are herein assigned to the new genus
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<taxonomicName id="4C654D0503383918C02045BE7AA2AA96" authorityName="Mah" authorityYear="2021" box="[1293,1429,223,249]" class="Asteroidea" family="Goniasteridae" genus="Astroglypha" kingdom="Animalia" order="Valvatida" pageId="18" pageNumber="419" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="B911EA9403383918C02045BE7AA2AA96" box="[1293,1429,223,249]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="419">Astroglypha</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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. The
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<taxonomicName id="4C654D0503383918C5E644627E4BAB72" ID-CoL="7NK5V" authorityName="Verrill" authorityYear="1870" box="[203,380,259,285]" class="Asteroidea" family="Ophidiasteridae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Valvatida" pageId="18" pageNumber="419" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="family">Ophidiasteridae</taxonomicName>
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has recently undergone re-evaluation following molecular data (
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<bibRefCitation id="EFF44B7703383918C17544627A19AB72" author="Mah, C. L. & Foltz, D. W." box="[1112,1326,259,285]" pageId="18" pageNumber="419" pagination="769 - 788" refId="ref30190" refString="Mah, C. L. & Foltz, D. W. (2011) Molecular Phylogeny of the Valvatacea (Asteroidea, Echinodermata). Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society, 161, 769 - 788. https: // doi. org / 10.1111 / j. 1096 - 3642.2010.00659. x" type="journal article" year="2011">Mah & Foltz 2011</bibRefCitation>
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) showing genera such as
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<taxonomicName id="4C654D0503383918C46C44467EA3AB2F" ID-CoL="7P2TP" box="[321,404,295,320]" class="Asteroidea" family="Goniasteridae" genus="Fromia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Valvatida" pageId="18" pageNumber="419" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="B911EA9403383918C46C44467EA3AB2F" box="[321,404,295,320]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="419">Fromia</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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and
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<taxonomicName id="4C654D0503383918C4E744467D70AB2E" ID-CoL="7PLXK" authorityName="Livingstone" authorityYear="1931" box="[458,583,295,321]" class="Asteroidea" family="Goniasteridae" genus="Neoferdina" kingdom="Animalia" order="Valvatida" pageId="18" pageNumber="419" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="B911EA9403383918C4E744467D70AB2E" box="[458,583,295,321]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="419">Neoferdina</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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to be members of the
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<taxonomicName id="4C654D0503383918C66D44467CE8AB2E" ID-CoL="8RYP7" authorityName="Forbes" authorityYear="1841" box="[832,991,295,321]" class="Asteroidea" family="Goniasteridae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Valvatida" pageId="18" pageNumber="419" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="family">Goniasteridae</taxonomicName>
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.
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<bibRefCitation id="EFF44B7703383918C6C744467B59AB2E" author="Mah, C. L." box="[1002,1134,295,321]" pageId="18" pageNumber="419" pagination="1 - 72" refId="ref30028" refString="Mah, C. L. (2017) Overview of the Ferdina - like Goniasteridae (Echinodermata: Asteroidea) including a new subfamily, three new genera and fourteen new species. Zootaxa, 4271 (1) 1 - 72. https: // doi. org / 10.11646 / zootaxa. 4271.1.1" type="journal article" year="2017">Mah (2017)</bibRefCitation>
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examined the paraphyletic
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<taxonomicName id="4C654D0503383918C5BA442A7E7FAB0A" ID-CoL="7NK5V" authorityName="Verrill" authorityYear="1870" box="[151,328,331,357]" class="Asteroidea" family="Ophidiasteridae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Valvatida" pageId="18" pageNumber="419" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="family">Ophidiasteridae</taxonomicName>
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and attempted to establish morphological boundaries for ophidiasterid-like
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<taxonomicName id="4C654D0503383918C1BE442A7A18AB0A" ID-CoL="8RYP7" authorityName="Forbes" authorityYear="1841" box="[1171,1327,331,357]" class="Asteroidea" family="Goniasteridae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Valvatida" pageId="18" pageNumber="419" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="family">Goniasteridae</taxonomicName>
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and more typological
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<taxonomicName id="4C654D0503383918C431440E7EE7ABE6" ID-CoL="7NK5V" authorityName="Verrill" authorityYear="1870" box="[284,464,367,393]" class="Asteroidea" family="Ophidiasteridae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Valvatida" pageId="18" pageNumber="419" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="family">Ophidiasteridae</taxonomicName>
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, such as
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<taxonomicName id="4C654D0503383918C719440E7D8DABE6" ID-CoL="7PNCK" baseAuthorityName="Ziesenhenne" baseAuthorityYear="1963" box="[564,698,367,393]" class="Asteroidea" family="Ophidiasteridae" genus="Ophidiaster" kingdom="Animalia" order="Valvatida" pageId="18" pageNumber="419" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="B911EA9403383918C719440E7D8DABE6" box="[564,698,367,393]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="419">Ophidiaster</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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or
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<taxonomicName id="4C654D0503383918C7F2440E7C04ABE6" ID-CoL="7PBHQ" authorityName="Nardo" authorityYear="1834" box="[735,819,367,393]" class="Asteroidea" family="Ophidiasteridae" genus="Linckia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Valvatida" pageId="18" pageNumber="419" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="B911EA9403383918C7F2440E7C04ABE6" box="[735,819,367,393]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="419">Linckia</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8BDA368603383918C5EA44F27FE0A852" blockId="18.[151,1437,150,1437]" pageId="18" pageNumber="419">
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<taxonomicName id="4C654D0503383918C5EA44F27E12ABC3" ID-CoL="7Q3MM" authorityName="Gray" authorityYear="1840" box="[199,293,403,428]" class="Asteroidea" family="Ophidiasteridae" genus="Tamaria" kingdom="Animalia" order="Valvatida" pageId="18" pageNumber="419" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="B911EA9403383918C5EA44F27E12ABC3" box="[199,293,403,428]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="419">Tamaria</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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has been historically defined on the basis of six serial papular rows contingent on the absence of actinal papulae, as compared with
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<taxonomicName id="4C654D0503383918C4DC44D67C65ABBE" ID-CoL="7PNCK" authority="(H.L. Clark, 1921)" baseAuthorityName="H. L. Clark" baseAuthorityYear="1921" box="[497,850,439,465]" class="Asteroidea" family="Ophidiasteridae" genus="Ophidiaster" kingdom="Animalia" order="Valvatida" pageId="18" pageNumber="419" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="B911EA9403383918C4DC44D67D40ABBE" box="[497,631,439,465]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="419">Ophidiaster</emphasis>
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(H.L.
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<bibRefCitation id="EFF44B7703383918C7EC44D67C7EABBE" author="Clark, H. L." box="[705,841,439,465]" pageId="18" pageNumber="419" pagination="1 - 223" refId="ref27565" refString="Clark, H. L. (1921) The echinoderm fauna of Torres Strait: its composition and its origin. Department of Marine Biology of the Carnegie Institute, 10, i - vi + 1 - 223, 38 pls. https: // doi. org / 10.5962 / bhl. title. 14613" type="journal article" year="1921">Clark, 1921</bibRefCitation>
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)
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</taxonomicName>
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. However, in spite of the difference in papular rows,
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<taxonomicName id="4C654D0503383918C5BA44BA7FC2AB9B" ID-CoL="7Q3MM" authorityName="Gray" authorityYear="1840" box="[151,245,475,500]" class="Asteroidea" family="Ophidiasteridae" genus="Tamaria" kingdom="Animalia" order="Valvatida" pageId="18" pageNumber="419" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="B911EA9403383918C5BA44BA7FC2AB9B" box="[151,245,475,500]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="419">Tamaria</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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, in Clark’s original (1921) definition shares more characters with more typological ophidiasterids, such as
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C654D0503383918C5BA449E7EC3A876" ID-CoL="7PNCK" authority="(sensu Mah 2017)" baseAuthorityName="sensu Mah" baseAuthorityYear="2017" box="[151,500,511,537]" class="Asteroidea" family="Ophidiasteridae" genus="Ophidiaster" kingdom="Animalia" order="Valvatida" pageId="18" pageNumber="419" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B911EA9403383918C5BA449E7E2AA876" box="[151,285,511,537]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="419">Ophidiaster</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<emphasis id="B911EA9403383918C403449E7E5BA877" box="[302,364,511,536]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="419">sensu</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFF44B7703383918C458449E7EDBA876" author="Mah, C. L." box="[373,492,511,537]" pageId="18" pageNumber="419" pagination="1 - 72" refId="ref30028" refString="Mah, C. L. (2017) Overview of the Ferdina - like Goniasteridae (Echinodermata: Asteroidea) including a new subfamily, three new genera and fourteen new species. Zootaxa, 4271 (1) 1 - 72. https: // doi. org / 10.11646 / zootaxa. 4271.1.1" type="journal article" year="2017">Mah 2017</bibRefCitation>
|
||
)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, such as the cylindrical arms, small disk and marginal and abactinal plate arrangement.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BDA368603383918C5EA47267FD6A9EE" blockId="18.[151,1437,150,1437]" pageId="18" pageNumber="419">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C654D0503383918C5EA47267EABA80E" ID-CoL="8J7DC" authorityName="Downey" authorityYear="1971" box="[199,412,583,609]" class="Asteroidea" family="Ophidiasteridae" genus="Tamaria" kingdom="Animalia" order="Valvatida" pageId="18" pageNumber="419" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="species" species="passiflora">
|
||
<emphasis id="B911EA9403383918C5EA47267EABA80E" box="[199,412,583,609]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="419">Tamaria passiflora</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
was described by
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFF44B7703383918C74147267C2BA80E" author="Downey, M." box="[620,796,583,609]" pageId="18" pageNumber="419" pagination="43 - 50" refId="ref27912" refString="Downey, M. (1971) Two new species of the genus Tamaria (Echinodermata: Asteroidea) from the tropical western Atlantic. Proceedings of the Biological Society of Washington, 84 (5), 43 - 50." type="journal article" year="1971">Downey (1971)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
with four papular rows as well as a more strongly developed skeleton, petaloid-shaped, shorter arms and a more weakly stellate body (R/r = approximately 3.0–4.0 versus 4.0–7.0 in spp. more similar to the
|
||
<typeStatus id="54DE882403383918C70047EE7D6AA8C6" box="[557,605,655,681]" pageId="18" pageNumber="419">type</typeStatus>
|
||
species) and large blocky marginal and disk ossicles. These features are inconsistent with characters identifying the traditional
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C654D0503383918C62D47D27C69A8A3" ID-CoL="7Q3MM" authorityName="Gray" authorityYear="1840" box="[768,862,691,716]" class="Asteroidea" family="Ophidiasteridae" genus="Tamaria" kingdom="Animalia" order="Valvatida" pageId="18" pageNumber="419" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B911EA9403383918C62D47D27C69A8A3" box="[768,862,691,716]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="419">Tamaria</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
concept as outlined by H.L.
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFF44B7703383918C18A47D27A0CA8A2" author="Clark, H. L." box="[1191,1339,691,717]" pageId="18" pageNumber="419" pagination="1 - 223" refId="ref27565" refString="Clark, H. L. (1921) The echinoderm fauna of Torres Strait: its composition and its origin. Department of Marine Biology of the Carnegie Institute, 10, i - vi + 1 - 223, 38 pls. https: // doi. org / 10.5962 / bhl. title. 14613" type="journal article" year="1921">Clark (1921)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
. Thus, it is argued that
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C654D0503383918C41747B67D26A89E" ID-CoL="8J7DC" authorityName="Downey" authorityYear="1971" box="[314,529,727,753]" class="Asteroidea" family="Ophidiasteridae" genus="Tamaria" kingdom="Animalia" order="Valvatida" pageId="18" pageNumber="419" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="species" species="passiflora">
|
||
<emphasis id="B911EA9403383918C41747B67D26A89E" box="[314,529,727,753]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="419">Tamaria passiflora</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and the species described herein should be separated as part of the new genus,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C654D0503383918C5BA479A7E28A97A" authorityName="Mah" authorityYear="2021" box="[151,287,763,789]" class="Asteroidea" family="Goniasteridae" genus="Astroglypha" kingdom="Animalia" order="Valvatida" pageId="18" pageNumber="419" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B911EA9403383918C5BA479A7E28A97A" box="[151,287,763,789]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="419">Astroglypha</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
.
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFF44B7703383918C41D479A7DBDA97A" author="Clark, A. M. & Downey, M. E." box="[304,650,763,789]" pageId="18" pageNumber="419" refId="ref27203" refString="Clark, A. M. & Downey, M. E. (1992) Starfishes of the Atlantic. Chapman & Hall, London, 794 pp." type="book" year="1992">Clark & Downey (1992: 284)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
further discussed this species’ unusual morphology and agreed that “perhaps deserves to be removed to a new genus, on the basis of its single row of large abactinal plates, its irregular arrangement of actinal plates, two series of subambulacral spines, minute terminal plates and short, heavy petaloid arms.”
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BDA368603383918C5EA46EB7C16AE5A" blockId="18.[151,1437,150,1437]" pageId="18" pageNumber="419">
|
||
<emphasis id="B911EA9403383918C5EA46EB7DC1A9CB" bold="true" box="[199,758,906,933]" pageId="18" pageNumber="419">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C654D0503383918C5EA46EB7E64A9CA" authority="Mah, 2021" authorityName="Mah" authorityYear="2021" box="[199,339,906,933]" class="Asteroidea" family="Goniasteridae" genus="Astroglypha" kingdom="Animalia" order="Valvatida" pageId="18" pageNumber="419" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="genus" status="gen. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="B911EA9403383918C5EA46EB7E64A9CA" bold="true" box="[199,339,906,933]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="419">Astroglypha</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A22257EF03383918C47746EA7E9FA9CA" box="[346,424,907,933]" pageId="18" pageNumber="419" rank="genus">n. gen.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
within the
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C654D0503383918C70346EB7DC6A9CB" ID-CoL="7NK5V" authorityName="Verrill" authorityYear="1870" box="[558,753,906,932]" class="Asteroidea" family="Ophidiasteridae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Valvatida" pageId="18" pageNumber="419" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="family">Ophidiasteridae</taxonomicName>
|
||
.
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C654D0503383918C7D046EA7CB2A9CA" authority="Mah, 2021" authorityName="Mah" authorityYear="2021" box="[765,901,907,933]" class="Asteroidea" family="Goniasteridae" genus="Astroglypha" kingdom="Animalia" order="Valvatida" pageId="18" pageNumber="419" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="genus" status="gen. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="B911EA9403383918C7D046EA7CB2A9CA" box="[765,901,907,933]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="419">Astroglypha</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<emphasis id="B911EA9403383918C6A646EA7CEEA9CA" bold="true" box="[907,985,907,933]" pageId="18" pageNumber="419">
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A22257EF03383918C6A646EA7CEEA9CA" box="[907,985,907,933]" pageId="18" pageNumber="419" rank="genus">n. gen.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
is provisionally placed within the
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C654D0503383918C07646EA7E27A9A6" ID-CoL="7NK5V" authorityName="Verrill" authorityYear="1870" class="Asteroidea" family="Ophidiasteridae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Valvatida" pageId="18" pageNumber="419" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="family">Ophidiasteridae</taxonomicName>
|
||
but further testing of affinities is encouraged. Most of the genera included in the
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C654D0503383918C1B946CE7A72A9A6" ID-CoL="7NK5V" authorityName="Verrill" authorityYear="1870" box="[1172,1349,943,969]" class="Asteroidea" family="Ophidiasteridae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Valvatida" pageId="18" pageNumber="419" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="family">Ophidiasteridae</taxonomicName>
|
||
display characters which strongly support the more traditional ophidiasterid morphology.
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C654D0503383918C10246B27BBFA982" ID-CoL="7P52K" authorityName="Gray" authorityYear="1840" box="[1071,1160,979,1005]" class="Asteroidea" family="Ophidiasteridae" genus="Hacelia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Valvatida" pageId="18" pageNumber="419" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B911EA9403383918C10246B27BBFA982" box="[1071,1160,979,1005]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="419">Hacelia</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C654D0503383918C1BB46B27A04A982" ID-CoL="7P5Y3" authorityName="Hayashi" authorityYear="1973" box="[1174,1331,979,1005]" class="Asteroidea" family="Ophidiasteridae" genus="Heteronardoa" kingdom="Animalia" order="Valvatida" pageId="18" pageNumber="419" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B911EA9403383918C1BB46B27A04A982" box="[1174,1331,979,1005]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="419">Heteronardoa</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C654D0503383918C06C46B27AA2A982" ID-CoL="7PBHQ" authorityName="Nardo" authorityYear="1834" box="[1345,1429,979,1005]" class="Asteroidea" family="Ophidiasteridae" genus="Linckia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Valvatida" pageId="18" pageNumber="419" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B911EA9403383918C06C46B27AA2A982" box="[1345,1429,979,1005]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="419">Linckia</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C654D0503383918C5BA46967E2AAE7E" ID-CoL="7PNCK" baseAuthorityName="sensu Mah" baseAuthorityYear="2017" box="[151,285,1015,1041]" class="Asteroidea" family="Ophidiasteridae" genus="Ophidiaster" kingdom="Animalia" order="Valvatida" pageId="18" pageNumber="419" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B911EA9403383918C5BA46967E2AAE7E" box="[151,285,1015,1041]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="419">Ophidiaster</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C654D0503383918C47746967E8FAE7F" ID-CoL="7Q3MM" authorityName="Gray" authorityYear="1840" box="[346,440,1015,1040]" class="Asteroidea" family="Ophidiasteridae" genus="Tamaria" kingdom="Animalia" order="Valvatida" pageId="18" pageNumber="419" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B911EA9403383918C47746967E8FAE7F" box="[346,440,1015,1040]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="419">Tamaria</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
display characters with cylindrical arms, small disk, granular coverings and show abactinal and marginal plates which are identical in appearance.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BDA368603383918C5EA415E7EF1AFF2" blockId="18.[151,1437,150,1437]" pageId="18" pageNumber="419">
|
||
The newly described
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C654D0503383918C49B415E7D09AE36" authorityName="Mah" authorityYear="2021" box="[438,574,1087,1113]" class="Asteroidea" family="Goniasteridae" genus="Astroglypha" kingdom="Animalia" order="Valvatida" pageId="18" pageNumber="419" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B911EA9403383918C49B415E7D09AE36" box="[438,574,1087,1113]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="419">Astroglypha</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
lacks morphological characters seen in other
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C654D0503383918C116415E7BD8AE36" ID-CoL="7NK5V" authorityName="Verrill" authorityYear="1870" box="[1083,1263,1087,1113]" class="Asteroidea" family="Ophidiasteridae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Valvatida" pageId="18" pageNumber="419" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="family">Ophidiasteridae</taxonomicName>
|
||
, including having shorter arms, blockier abactinal and marginal plates and arms which are more angular in shape and angular rather than round in cross-section. However, marginal and abactinal plates are similar in appearance and the surface is covered by granules as is the case in other ophidiasterids. Thus, based on these characters,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C654D0503383918C18B41CA7A19AEAA" authority="Mah, 2021" authorityName="Mah" authorityYear="2021" box="[1190,1326,1195,1221]" class="Asteroidea" family="Goniasteridae" genus="Astroglypha" kingdom="Animalia" order="Valvatida" pageId="18" pageNumber="419" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="genus" status="gen. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="B911EA9403383918C18B41CA7A19AEAA" box="[1190,1326,1195,1221]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="419">Astroglypha</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<emphasis id="B911EA9403383918C01941CA7AB4AEAA" bold="true" box="[1332,1411,1195,1221]" pageId="18" pageNumber="419">
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A22257EF03383918C01941CA7AB4AEAA" box="[1332,1411,1195,1221]" pageId="18" pageNumber="419" rank="genus">n. gen.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
is retained within the
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C654D0503383918C45D41AE7D12AE86" ID-CoL="7NK5V" authorityName="Verrill" authorityYear="1870" box="[368,549,1231,1257]" class="Asteroidea" family="Ophidiasteridae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Valvatida" pageId="18" pageNumber="419" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="family">Ophidiasteridae</taxonomicName>
|
||
. However, the morphology is otherwise highly divergent from the other known genera within the family with the possible exception of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C654D0503383918C62341927C44AF63" ID-CoL="7NRC2" authorityName="Doderlein" authorityYear="1896" box="[782,883,1267,1292]" class="Asteroidea" family="Ophidiasteridae" genus="Bunaster" kingdom="Animalia" order="Valvatida" pageId="18" pageNumber="419" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B911EA9403383918C62341927C44AF63" box="[782,883,1267,1292]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="419">Bunaster</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, which displays similarly arranged abactinal and marginal plates (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFF44B7703383918C47440767EDDAF5E" author="Marsh, L. M." box="[345,490,1303,1329]" pageId="18" pageNumber="419" pagination="419 - 433" refId="ref30323" refString="Marsh, L. M. (1999) A revision of the echinoderm genus Bunaster (Asteroidea; Ophidiasteridae). Records of the Western Australian Museum, 15 (2), 419 - 433." type="journal article" year="1999">Marsh 1999</bibRefCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFF44B7703383918C72C40767DF0AF5D" author="Blake, D. B." box="[513,711,1303,1330]" pageId="18" pageNumber="419" pagination="1 - 96" refId="ref26630" refString="Blake, D. B. (2018) Toward a History of the Paleozoic Asteroidea (Echinodermata). Bulletin of American Paleontology, 394, 1 - 96, 15 pls. https: // doi. org / 10.1130 / abs / 2018 AM- 318490" type="journal article" year="2018">Blake (2018: 60)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
illustrated skeletal similarities between
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C654D0503383918C1B340767A11AF5E" authorityName="Mah" authorityYear="2021" box="[1182,1318,1303,1329]" class="Asteroidea" family="Goniasteridae" genus="Astroglypha" kingdom="Animalia" order="Valvatida" pageId="18" pageNumber="419" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B911EA9403383918C1B340767A11AF5E" box="[1182,1318,1303,1329]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="419">Astroglypha</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(formerly
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C654D0503383918C5BA405A7FC2AF3B" ID-CoL="7Q3MM" authorityName="Gray" authorityYear="1840" box="[151,245,1339,1364]" class="Asteroidea" family="Ophidiasteridae" genus="Tamaria" kingdom="Animalia" order="Valvatida" pageId="18" pageNumber="419" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B911EA9403383918C5BA405A7FC2AF3B" box="[151,245,1339,1364]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="419">Tamaria</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
)
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C654D0503383918C424405A7E4EAF3A" ID-CoL="8J7DC" authorityName="Downey" authorityYear="1971" box="[265,377,1339,1365]" class="Asteroidea" family="Ophidiasteridae" genus="Tamaria" kingdom="Animalia" order="Valvatida" pageId="18" pageNumber="419" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="species" species="passiflora">
|
||
<emphasis id="B911EA9403383918C424405A7E4EAF3A" box="[265,377,1339,1365]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="419">passiflora</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and Paleozoic
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C654D0503383918C700405A7D9EAF3A" ID-CoL="86" box="[557,681,1339,1365]" class="Asteroidea" kingdom="Animalia" pageId="18" pageNumber="419" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="class">Asteroidea</taxonomicName>
|
||
, notably the Ordovician
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C654D0503383918C6E0405A7B6BAF3A" box="[973,1116,1339,1365]" class="Asteroidea" family="Hudsonasteridae" genus="Hudsonaster" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hadrosida" pageId="18" pageNumber="419" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B911EA9403383918C6E0405A7B6BAF3A" box="[973,1116,1339,1365]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="419">Hudsonaster</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<emphasis id="B911EA9403383918C1B7405A7AABAF3B" box="[1178,1436,1339,1364]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="419">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C654D0503383918C1B7405A7A74AF3B" authorityName="Raymond" authorityYear="1921" box="[1178,1347,1339,1364]" class="Asteroidea" family="Mesopalaeasteridae" genus="Macroporaster" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Pustulosida" pageId="18" pageNumber="419" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="genus">Macroporaster</taxonomicName>
|
||
. In situ
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
observation of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C654D0503383918C413403E7D0BAF16" authorityName="Mah" authorityYear="2021" baseAuthorityName="Downey" baseAuthorityYear="2021" box="[318,572,1375,1401]" class="Asteroidea" family="Goniasteridae" genus="Astroglypha" kingdom="Animalia" order="Valvatida" pageId="18" pageNumber="419" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="species" species="passiflora">
|
||
<emphasis id="B911EA9403383918C413403E7D0BAF16" box="[318,572,1375,1401]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="419">Astroglypha passiflora</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
in the tropical Atlantic (
|
||
<figureCitation id="135E2A0303383918C667403E7CAAAF16" box="[842,925,1375,1401]" captionStart="FIGURE 8" captionStartId="21.[151,250,1858,1882]" captionTargetBox="[158,1430,188,1829]" captionTargetId="figure-15@21.[151,1436,181,1834]" captionTargetPageId="21" captionText="FIGURE 8. Astroglypha passiflora n. comb. USNM 1233542 (Yucatan Channel, Mexico): A. Abactinal surface. Scale bar equals 0.5 cm. B. Abactinal-lateral view. Scale bar equals 0.35 cm. C. Actinal surface. Scale bar equals 0.5 cm. D. Actinal-lateral view of marginal plate series. Scale bar equals 0.35 cm. E. Actinal view showing actinal spines and furrow spination. Scale bar equals 0.1 cm. F. In situ observation of A. passiflora from Puerto Rico, showing individual (not collected) adjacent to two sponges." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4896913" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4896913/files/figure.png" pageId="18" pageNumber="419">Fig. 8F</figureCitation>
|
||
) suggest this morphology could be associated with predation on sponges.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |