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<document id="053DEA0CEF44B96CAC3F31231292C1FE" ID-CLB-Dataset="6183" ID-DOI="10.11646/phytotaxa.28.1.7" ID-GBIF-Dataset="799b4c90-4e60-4ba8-a28d-d922802cfa1e" ID-ISSN="1179-3163" ID-Zenodo-Dep="4894284" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1622648052183" checkinUser="felipe" docAuthor="Santos, Alana Araujo Dos &amp; Moura, Carlos Wallace Do Nascimento" docDate="2011" docId="03CB87D774393A44EB8FFB9C6D0A051F" docLanguage="en" docName="Phytotaxa.28.53-64.pdf.imf" docOrigin="Phytotaxa 28" docSource="http://biotaxa.org/Phytotaxa/article/view/phytotaxa.28.1.7" docStyle="DocumentStyle:13F189B31CB4CCCE9197361A4E100104.3:Phytotaxa.2011-2013.journal_article" docStyleId="13F189B31CB4CCCE9197361A4E100104" docStyleName="Phytotaxa.2011-2013.journal_article" docStyleVersion="3" docTitle="Ulva clathrata Agardh 1811" docType="treatment" docVersion="7" lastPageNumber="61" masterDocId="FFF2FFAF743F3A4CEB18FFC9682A023C" masterDocTitle="Additions to the epiphytic macroalgae flora of Bahia and Brazil" masterLastPageNumber="64" masterPageNumber="53" pageNumber="59" updateTime="1698998226619" updateUser="ExternalLinkService" zenodo-license-document="CLOSED">
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<mods:title id="DDDD99211AE700D0D8209EB583F5E777">Additions to the epiphytic macroalgae flora of Bahia and Brazil</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="67E45703C4B2A9B4BC4828F42969C49A">Santos, Alana Araujo Dos</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation id="EF39B8256BA21840169A99C82EF12CFE">Instituto Federal de Educação, Ciência e Tecnologia Baiano, campus Valença, Rua Glicério Tavares, s / n, 45400 - 000, Bairro Bate Quente, Valença, BA, Brasil. Email: araujo. alana @ gmail. com (corresponding author).</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart id="3637E62FF24119DEC4EBCDCB520460AC">Moura, Carlos Wallace Do Nascimento</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation id="799B3A067CAB3572BB312D2361FD017A">Universidade Estadual de Feira de Santana, Depto. Ciências Biológicas, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Botânica, Laboratório de Ficologia, Av. Transnordestina s / n, 44036 - 900, Novo Horizonte, Feira de Santana, BA, Brasil.</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:title id="C8FD271DA743CB19DE6F5FF3E67E9779">Phytotaxa</mods:title>
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<mods:date id="B998B75470AD572693EC76DE26BA1C7D">2011</mods:date>
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<mods:number id="87CDA9A2268B016B2F9D3F5DEB736ED2">2011-09-14</mods:number>
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<mods:number id="1B589AB0D934944E77EDD21DCF71E609">28</mods:number>
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<mods:url id="1238B183F1039970665CDFB67747343F">http://biotaxa.org/Phytotaxa/article/view/phytotaxa.28.1.7</mods:url>
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<mods:classification id="2A04850A31E7220E4581FC1EF2588A0E">journal article</mods:classification>
<mods:identifier id="CA71B666E4C1C81EA8C997E291672302" type="CLB-Dataset">6183</mods:identifier>
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<treatment id="03CB87D774393A44EB8FFB9C6D0A051F" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4923888" ID-GBIF-Taxon="182645134" ID-Zenodo-Dep="4923888" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03CB87D774393A44EB8FFB9C6D0A051F" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/03CB87D774393A44EB8FFB9C6D0A051F" lastPageId="8" lastPageNumber="61" pageId="6" pageNumber="59">
<subSubSection id="C378654A74393A4AEB8FFB9C69CB0653" box="[151,481,1109,1135]" pageId="6" pageNumber="59" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph id="8BDD36C174393A4AEB8FFB9C69CB0653" blockId="6.[151,1436,1109,2018]" box="[151,481,1109,1135]" pageId="6" pageNumber="59">
<heading id="D09581AD74393A4AEB8FFB9C69CB0653" bold="true" box="[151,481,1109,1135]" fontSize="10" level="2" pageId="6" pageNumber="59" reason="2">
<emphasis id="B916EAD374393A4AEB8FFB9C69CB0653" bold="true" box="[151,481,1109,1135]" pageId="6" pageNumber="59">
<taxonomicName id="4C624D4274393A4AEB8FFB9C696B0653" authorityName="Agardh" authorityYear="1811" baseAuthorityName="Roth" box="[151,321,1109,1135]" class="Ulvophyceae" family="Ulvaceae" genus="Ulva" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" order="Ulvales" pageId="6" pageNumber="59" phylum="Chlorophyta" rank="species" species="clathrata">
<emphasis id="B916EAD374393A4AEB8FFB9C696B0653" bold="true" box="[151,321,1109,1135]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="59">Ulva clathrata</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(
<figureCitation id="13592A4474393A4AEA57FB9C69F00653" box="[335,474,1109,1135]" captionStart="FIGURES 3" captionStartId="7.[151,259,1875,1896]" captionTargetBox="[211,1377,156,1854]" captionTargetId="figure-106@7.[199,1388,145,1866]" captionTargetPageId="7" captionText="FIGURES 3 A–E: Ulva clathrata. A: General aspect of the thallus. B: Detail of the multiseriate branches along the plant axis. C: Detail of a branch with short, spiny branchlets. D: Cells without any pattern of organization. E: Cells with parietal chloroplasts, with lobed margin and pyrenoids. FIGURES 3 F–K: Ulva flexuosa subsp. paradoxa: F: General aspect of the thallus. G–H: Branch with uniseriate branchlets. I. Base of the thallus with rhizoidal cells. J. Cells with longitudinal organizational patterns. K. Parietal chloroplast with pyrenoids." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4894296" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4894296/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="59">Figs 3 A–E</figureCitation>
)
</emphasis>
</heading>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C378654A74393A4AEB8FFBB56DAB074B" pageId="6" pageNumber="59" type="reference_group">
<paragraph id="8BDD36C174393A4AEB8FFBB56A7706AF" blockId="6.[151,1436,1109,2018]" box="[151,605,1148,1171]" pageId="6" pageNumber="59">
<treatmentCitationGroup id="AB7211EF74393A4AEB8FFBB56A7706AF" box="[151,605,1148,1171]" pageId="6" pageNumber="59">
<treatmentCitation id="0AC310D074393A4AEB8FFBB56A7306AF" author="Roth, A. W." box="[151,601,1148,1171]" page=")" pageId="6" pageNumber="59" year="1806">
<taxonomicName id="4C624D4274393A4AEB8FFBB56A7306AF" authority="Roth (1806: 175 - 178)" authorityName="Roth" authorityPageNumber="175 - 178" authorityYear="1806" box="[151,601,1148,1171]" class="Ulvophyceae" family="Cladophoraceae" genus="Conferva" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" order="Cladophorales" pageId="6" pageNumber="59" phylum="Chlorophyta" rank="species" species="clathrata">
<emphasis id="B916EAD374393A4AEB8FFBB5694906AF" box="[151,355,1148,1171]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="59">Conferva clathrata</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="EFF34B3074393A4AEA71FBB56A7306AF" author="Roth, A. W." box="[361,601,1148,1171]" pageId="6" pageNumber="59" refId="ref8572" refString="Roth, A. W. (1806) Catalecta botanica quibus plantae novae et minus cognitae describuntur atque illustrantur. Fasciculus tertius cum tabulis aenaeis XII. Bibliopolio Io. Fr. Gleditsch, Leipzig, 350 pp." type="book" year="1806">Roth (1806: 175–178)</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
</treatmentCitation>
.
</treatmentCitationGroup>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BDD36C174393A4AEBDEFB556DAB074B" blockId="6.[151,1436,1109,2018]" pageId="6" pageNumber="59">
Thallus erect, cylindrical, flaccid to rigid, densely branched, olive-green, up to
<quantity id="4C9A9B2474393A4AEFBAFB556CCB068A" box="[1186,1249,1180,1206]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.0" pageId="6" pageNumber="59" unit="cm" value="4.0">4 cm</quantity>
long, fixed by extensions of rhizoid cells originating from the basal portion of the thallus, forming a small holdfast. Principal axis (100.0–)108.5(–115.0) µm width, with long branches from the basal region to the apex, (55–)71(–100) µm width; short, spiny multiseriate proliferations along the thallus. Cells square to polygonal, without any apparent organizing pattern, (20.0–)28.5(–40.0) µm long and (20–)33(–40) µm in diameter along the principal axis, and branches (15.0–)18.5(–27.5) µm in diameter. Chloroplast parietal, margin lobed, 6 to 9 pyrenoids.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C378654A74393A44EBDEFA4D6ABD0012" lastPageId="8" lastPageNumber="61" pageId="6" pageNumber="59" type="description">
<paragraph id="8BDD36C174393A4AEBDEFA4D6BD407D7" blockId="6.[151,1436,1109,2018]" pageId="6" pageNumber="59">
<materialsCitation id="3B0A3C9C74393A4AEBDEFA4D6AB807F8" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3128558323" collectingDate="2007-11-25" collectionCode="HUEFS" collectorName="Santos &amp; Alves" country="Brazil" county="Representative" location="Vera Cruz" municipality="Ilha de Itaparica" pageId="6" pageNumber="59" specimenCode="HUEFS 130889" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Bahia">
<collectingCounty id="62BC4E4D74393A4AEBDEFA4D695E07A2" box="[198,372,1412,1438]" pageId="6" pageNumber="59">Representative</collectingCounty>
specimens examined:—
<collectingCountry id="F375765174393A4AE98EFA4D6B2907A2" box="[662,771,1412,1438]" name="Brazil" pageId="6" pageNumber="59">BRAZIL</collectingCountry>
.
<collectingRegion id="49A6F82374393A4AE817FA4D6B7207A2" box="[783,856,1412,1438]" country="Brazil" name="Bahia" pageId="6" pageNumber="59">Bahia</collectingRegion>
:
<collectingMunicipality id="6BB9ACBB74393A4AE87BFA4D6C0F07A2" box="[867,1061,1412,1438]" pageId="6" pageNumber="59">Ilha de Itaparica</collectingMunicipality>
,
<location id="8EBD601A74393A4AEF2AFA4D6C8107A2" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03CB87D774393A44EB8FFB9C6D0A051F:8EBD601A74393A4AEF2AFA4D6C8107A2" box="[1074,1195,1412,1438]" country="Brazil" county="Representative" municipality="Ilha de Itaparica" name="Vera Cruz" pageId="6" pageNumber="59" stateProvince="Bahia">Vera Cruz</location>
,
<location id="8EBD601A74393A4AEFAFFA4D6D4307A2" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03CB87D774393A44EB8FFB9C6D0A051F:8EBD601A74393A4AEFAFFA4D6D4307A2" box="[1207,1385,1412,1438]" country="Brazil" county="Representative" municipality="Ilha de Itaparica" name="Praia da Penha" pageId="6" pageNumber="59" stateProvince="Bahia">Praia da Penha</location>
,
<date id="FFDC100174393A4AEE6EFA4D68D607F8" pageId="6" pageNumber="59" value="2007-11-25">
<collectingDate id="EF98E9E974393A4AEE6EFA4D68D607F8" pageId="6" pageNumber="59" value="2007-11-25">25/ XI/2007</collectingDate>
</date>
,
<emphasis id="B916EAD374393A4AEA1FFA62699307F8" box="[263,441,1451,1476]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="59">
<collectorName id="2697531774393A4AEA1FFA62697F07F8" box="[263,341,1451,1476]" pageId="6" pageNumber="59">Santos</collectorName>
&amp;
<collectorName id="2697531774393A4AEA62FA62699307F8" box="[378,441,1451,1476]" pageId="6" pageNumber="59">Alves</collectorName>
</emphasis>
(
<specimenCode id="DBC49EBA74393A4AEAD0FA636AA007F8" box="[456,650,1450,1476]" collectionCode="HUEFS" country="Brazil" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15506" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15506" name="Universidade Estadual de Feira de Santana" pageId="6" pageNumber="59" type="Herbarium">HUEFS 130889</specimenCode>
)
</materialsCitation>
.
<materialsCitation id="3B0A3C9C74393A4AE985FA636D4007F8" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3128558302" box="[669,1386,1450,1476]" collectingDate="2007-03-19" collectionCode="HUEFS" collectorName="Santos" country="Brazil" location="Praia da Barra Grande" pageId="6" pageNumber="59" specimenCode="HUEFS 147560" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Bahia">
<location id="8EBD601A74393A4AE985FA636B8E07F8" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03CB87D774393A44EB8FFB9C6D0A051F:8EBD601A74393A4AE985FA636B8E07F8" box="[669,932,1450,1476]" country="Brazil" name="Praia da Barra Grande" pageId="6" pageNumber="59" stateProvince="Bahia">Praia da Barra Grande</location>
,
<date id="FFDC100174393A4AE8B7FA636C1207F8" box="[943,1080,1450,1476]" pageId="6" pageNumber="59" value="2007-03-19">
<collectingDate id="EF98E9E974393A4AE8B7FA636C1207F8" box="[943,1080,1450,1476]" pageId="6" pageNumber="59" value="2007-03-19">19/III/2007</collectingDate>
</date>
,
<emphasis id="B916EAD374393A4AEF5BFA626CBB07F8" box="[1091,1169,1451,1476]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="59">
<collectorName id="2697531774393A4AEF5BFA626CBB07F8" box="[1091,1169,1451,1476]" pageId="6" pageNumber="59">Santos</collectorName>
</emphasis>
(
<specimenCode id="DBC49EBA74393A4AEFB8FA636D4907F8" box="[1184,1379,1450,1476]" collectionCode="HUEFS" country="Brazil" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15506" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15506" name="Universidade Estadual de Feira de Santana" pageId="6" pageNumber="59" type="Herbarium">HUEFS 147560</specimenCode>
)
</materialsCitation>
;
<materialsCitation id="3B0A3C9C74393A4AEE6EFA636A0C07D7" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3128558324" collectingDate="2007-05-18" collectionCode="HUEFS" collectorName="Santos" country="Brazil" pageId="6" pageNumber="59" specimenCode="HUEFS 147561" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Bahia">
<date id="FFDC100174393A4AEE6EFA6368DB07D7" pageId="6" pageNumber="59" value="2007-05-18">
<collectingDate id="EF98E9E974393A4AEE6EFA6368DB07D7" pageId="6" pageNumber="59" value="2007-05-18">18/ V/2007</collectingDate>
</date>
,
<emphasis id="B916EAD374393A4AEBE5FA18696107D6" box="[253,331,1489,1514]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="59">
<collectorName id="2697531774393A4AEBE5FA18696107D6" box="[253,331,1489,1514]" pageId="6" pageNumber="59">Santos</collectorName>
</emphasis>
(
<specimenCode id="DBC49EBA74393A4AEA43FA186A3407D7" box="[347,542,1489,1515]" collectionCode="HUEFS" country="Brazil" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15506" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15506" name="Universidade Estadual de Feira de Santana" pageId="6" pageNumber="59" type="Herbarium">HUEFS 147561</specimenCode>
)
</materialsCitation>
;
<materialsCitation id="3B0A3C9C74393A4AE92AFA186BD007D7" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3128558330" box="[562,1018,1489,1515]" collectingDate="2007-07-14" collectionCode="HUEFS" collectorName="Santos" country="Brazil" pageId="6" pageNumber="59" specimenCode="HUEFS 147562" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Bahia">
<date id="FFDC100174393A4AE92AFA186AEF07D7" box="[562,709,1489,1515]" pageId="6" pageNumber="59" value="2007-07-14">
<collectingDate id="EF98E9E974393A4AE92AFA186AEF07D7" box="[562,709,1489,1515]" pageId="6" pageNumber="59" value="2007-07-14">14/VII/2007</collectingDate>
</date>
,
<emphasis id="B916EAD374393A4AE9C9FA186B3507D6" box="[721,799,1489,1514]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="59">
<collectorName id="2697531774393A4AE9C9FA186B3507D6" box="[721,799,1489,1514]" pageId="6" pageNumber="59">Santos</collectorName>
</emphasis>
(
<specimenCode id="DBC49EBA74393A4AE837FA186BD807D7" box="[815,1010,1489,1515]" collectionCode="HUEFS" country="Brazil" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15506" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15506" name="Universidade Estadual de Feira de Santana" pageId="6" pageNumber="59" type="Herbarium">HUEFS 147562</specimenCode>
)
</materialsCitation>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BDD36C174393A4AEBDEFA316C030463" blockId="6.[151,1436,1109,2018]" pageId="6" pageNumber="59">
Geographic distribution along the west coast of Atlantic Ocean:—
<collectingCountry id="F375765174393A4AE8FDFA316C15042E" box="[997,1087,1528,1554]" name="Canada" pageId="6" pageNumber="59">Canada</collectingCountry>
to
<collectingCountry id="F375765174393A4AEF72FA316CE1042E" box="[1130,1227,1528,1554]" name="Georgia" pageId="6" pageNumber="59">Georgia</collectingCountry>
,
<collectingCountry id="F375765174393A4AEFC1FA316D62042E" box="[1241,1352,1528,1554]" name="Bermuda" pageId="6" pageNumber="59">Bermuda</collectingCountry>
,
<collectingCountry id="F375765174393A4AEE4FFA316DB2042E" box="[1367,1432,1528,1554]" name="Cuba" pageId="6" pageNumber="59">Cuba</collectingCountry>
,
<collectingCountry id="F375765174393A4AEB8FF9D769010404" box="[151,299,1566,1592]" name="Puerto Rico" pageId="6" pageNumber="59">Puerto Rico</collectingCountry>
,
<collectingCountry id="F375765174393A4AEA21F9D769930404" box="[313,441,1566,1592]" name="Venezuela" pageId="6" pageNumber="59">Venezuela</collectingCountry>
,
<collectingCountry id="F375765174393A4AEADEF9D76A3A0404" box="[454,528,1566,1592]" name="Brazil" pageId="6" pageNumber="59">Brazil</collectingCountry>
(
<bibRefCitation id="EFF34B3074393A4AE939F9D76A900404" author="Taylor, W. R." box="[545,698,1566,1592]" pageId="6" pageNumber="59" refId="ref8970" refString="Taylor, W. R. (1960) Marine algae of the Eastern tropical and subtropical coasts of the Americas. Michigan Press, Michigan, 870 pp." type="book" year="1960">Taylor 1960</bibRefCitation>
,
<bibRefCitation id="EFF34B3074393A4AE9D0F9D76BBA0404" author="Kanagawa, A. I." box="[712,912,1566,1592]" pageId="6" pageNumber="59" refId="ref7495" refString="Kanagawa, A. I. (1983) Ulvales (Chlorophyta) marinhas do estado de Sao Paulo, Brasil. Dissertacao de Mestrado em Ciencias, Instituto de Biociencias, USP, Sao Paulo, 195 pp." type="book" year="1983">Kanagawa 1983</bibRefCitation>
,
<bibRefCitation id="EFF34B3074393A4AE886F9D76C1D0404" author="Santos, D. P." box="[926,1079,1566,1592]" pageId="6" pageNumber="59" refId="ref8612" refString="Santos, D. P. (1983) Cloroficeas bentonicas marinhas do Estado de Santa Catarina. Dissertacao de Mestrado em Ciencias, Instituto de Biociencias, USP, Sao Paulo, 163 pp." type="book" year="1983">Santos 1983</bibRefCitation>
,
<bibRefCitation id="EFF34B3074393A4AEF5DF9D76CDF0404" author="Ganesan, E. K." box="[1093,1269,1566,1592]" pageId="6" pageNumber="59" refId="ref7040" refString="Ganesan, E. K. (1989) A catalog of benthic marine algae and seagrass of Venezuela. Conicit Fondo Editorial, Caracas, 237 pp." type="book" year="1989">Ganesan 1989</bibRefCitation>
,
<bibRefCitation id="EFF34B3074393A4AEE1BF9D7691A0463" author="Schneider, C. W. &amp; Searles, R. B." pageId="6" pageNumber="59" refId="ref8708" refString="Schneider, C. W. &amp; Searles, R. B. (1991) Seaweeds of the Southeastern United States - Cape Hatteras to Cape Canaveral. Duke University Press, Durham and London, 553 pp." type="book" year="1991">Schneider &amp; Searles 1991</bibRefCitation>
,
<bibRefCitation id="EFF34B3074393A4AEA24F98C6A120463" author="Littler, D. S. &amp; Littler, M. M." box="[316,568,1605,1631]" pageId="6" pageNumber="59" refId="ref7772" refString="Littler, D. S. &amp; Littler, M. M. (2000) Caribbean Reef Plants. OffShore Graphics, Inc. Washington, 542 pp." type="book" year="2000">Littler &amp; Littler 2000</bibRefCitation>
,
<bibRefCitation id="EFF34B3074393A4AE95CF98C6AF20463" author="Suarez, A. M." box="[580,728,1605,1631]" pageId="6" pageNumber="59" pagination="93 - 148" refId="ref8816" refString="Suarez, A. M. (2005) Lista de las macroalgas marinhas cubanas. Revista de Investigacao Marina 26: 93 - 148." type="journal article" year="2005">Suárez 2005</bibRefCitation>
,
<bibRefCitation id="EFF34B3074393A4AE9FDF98C6C370463" author="Dawes, C. J. &amp; Mathieson, A. C." box="[741,1053,1605,1631]" pageId="6" pageNumber="59" refId="ref6877" refString="Dawes, C. J. &amp; Mathieson, A. C. (2008) The seaweeds of Florida. University Press of Florida, Gainesville 591 pp." type="book" year="2008">Dawes &amp; Mathieson 2008</bibRefCitation>
).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BDD36C174393A4AEBDEF9A56B0105DE" blockId="6.[151,1436,1109,2018]" pageId="6" pageNumber="59">
Comments:—The general aspects of the thalli (which are densely ramified, with multiseriate proliferations, spiny along their entire length) (
<figureCitation id="13592A4474393A4AE9CFF95B6B750490" box="[727,863,1682,1708]" captionStart="FIGURES 3" captionStartId="7.[151,259,1875,1896]" captionTargetBox="[211,1377,156,1854]" captionTargetId="figure-106@7.[199,1388,145,1866]" captionTargetPageId="7" captionText="FIGURES 3 A–E: Ulva clathrata. A: General aspect of the thallus. B: Detail of the multiseriate branches along the plant axis. C: Detail of a branch with short, spiny branchlets. D: Cells without any pattern of organization. E: Cells with parietal chloroplasts, with lobed margin and pyrenoids. FIGURES 3 F–K: Ulva flexuosa subsp. paradoxa: F: General aspect of the thallus. G–H: Branch with uniseriate branchlets. I. Base of the thallus with rhizoidal cells. J. Cells with longitudinal organizational patterns. K. Parietal chloroplast with pyrenoids." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4894296" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4894296/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="59">Figs 3A–C</figureCitation>
) as well as the great numbers of pyrenoids are important characteristics for delimiting this species (
<figureCitation id="13592A4474393A4AE816F9706B4604EF" box="[782,876,1721,1747]" captionStart="FIGURES 3" captionStartId="7.[151,259,1875,1896]" captionTargetBox="[211,1377,156,1854]" captionTargetId="figure-106@7.[199,1388,145,1866]" captionTargetPageId="7" captionText="FIGURES 3 A–E: Ulva clathrata. A: General aspect of the thallus. B: Detail of the multiseriate branches along the plant axis. C: Detail of a branch with short, spiny branchlets. D: Cells without any pattern of organization. E: Cells with parietal chloroplasts, with lobed margin and pyrenoids. FIGURES 3 F–K: Ulva flexuosa subsp. paradoxa: F: General aspect of the thallus. G–H: Branch with uniseriate branchlets. I. Base of the thallus with rhizoidal cells. J. Cells with longitudinal organizational patterns. K. Parietal chloroplast with pyrenoids." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4894296" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4894296/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="59">Fig. 3E</figureCitation>
). Some authors have reported variations in the numbers of pyrenoids per cell within the different regions of the thallus of
<taxonomicName id="4C624D4274393A4AEF09F9296C8804C5" authorityName="Roth" authorityYear="1806" box="[1041,1186,1760,1785]" class="Ulvophyceae" family="Cladophoraceae" genus="Conferva" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Chromista" order="Cladophorales" pageId="6" pageNumber="59" phylum="Chlorophyta" rank="species" species="clathrata">
<emphasis id="B916EAD374393A4AEF09F9296C8804C5" box="[1041,1186,1760,1785]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="59">U. clathrata</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
.
<bibRefCitation id="EFF34B3074393A4AEFA9F9296DB104C6" author="Brodie, J. &amp; Maggs, C. A. &amp; John, D. M." box="[1201,1435,1760,1786]" pageId="6" pageNumber="59" refId="ref6603" refString="Brodie, J., Maggs, C. A. &amp; John, D. M. (2007) Green seaweeds of Britain and Ireland. British Phycolocical Society &amp; Dataplus Print &amp; Design. Dunmurry. 242 pp." type="book" year="2007">
Brodie
<emphasis id="B916EAD374393A4AEE12F9296D6F04C5" box="[1290,1349,1760,1785]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="59">et al.</emphasis>
(2007)
</bibRefCitation>
reported 5–15 pyrenoids in cells in the basal region of the thallus, and (1–)2–3 pyrenoids in cells in the apical region.
<bibRefCitation id="EFF34B3074393A4AEBE8F8E469A8057B" author="Kraft, G. T." box="[240,386,1837,1863]" pageId="6" pageNumber="59" refId="ref7571" refString="Kraft, G. T. (2007) Algae of Australia - Marine Benthic Algae of Lord Howe Island and Southern Great Barrier Reefs. 1 - Chlorophyta. CSIRO Publishing, Melbourne, 347 pp." type="book" year="2007">Kraft (2007)</bibRefCitation>
reported 5–9 pyrenoids in cells in the basal region and 2–4 pyrenoids in cells in the apical region of the thallus. In the specimens analyzed here, the numbers of pyrenoids were not observed to vary between the basal and apical regions of the thallus, with 6–9 pyrenoids per cell being uniformly found. This data was similar to that published by
<bibRefCitation id="EFF34B3074393A4AE97AF8686B370587" author="Burrows, E. M." box="[610,797,1953,1979]" pageId="6" pageNumber="59" refId="ref6677" refString="Burrows, E. M. (1991) Seaweeds of the British Isles. Vol. 2. Chlorophyta. Natural History Museum Publications, London, 238 pp." type="book" year="1991">Burrows (1991</bibRefCitation>
; 5–10 pyrenoids per cell) for the British Islands and
<bibRefCitation id="EFF34B3074393A4AEB8FF801694805DE" author="Kanagawa, A. I." box="[151,354,1992,2018]" pageId="6" pageNumber="59" refId="ref7495" refString="Kanagawa, A. I. (1983) Ulvales (Chlorophyta) marinhas do estado de Sao Paulo, Brasil. Dissertacao de Mestrado em Ciencias, Instituto de Biociencias, USP, Sao Paulo, 195 pp." type="book" year="1983">Kanagawa (1983</bibRefCitation>
; 2–8 pyrenoids per cell) for
<collectingRegion id="49A6F82374393A4AE9B5F8016B0D05DE" box="[685,807,1992,2018]" country="Brazil" name="Sao Paulo" pageId="6" pageNumber="59">São Paulo</collectingRegion>
.
</paragraph>
<caption id="DF1D664974383A4BEB8FF89A69B405E3" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4894296" ID-Zenodo-Dep="4894296" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4894296/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="60" startId="7.[151,259,1875,1896]" targetBox="[211,1377,156,1854]" targetPageId="7">
<paragraph id="8BDD36C174383A4BEB8FF89A69B405E3" blockId="7.[151,1436,1875,2015]" pageId="7" pageNumber="60">
<emphasis id="B916EAD374383A4BEB8FF89A69790554" bold="true" box="[151,339,1875,1896]" pageId="7" pageNumber="60">FIGURES 3 A–E:</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="4C624D4274383A4BEA42F89D69C00555" authorityName="Agardh" authorityYear="1811" baseAuthorityName="Roth" box="[346,490,1876,1897]" genus="Ulva" kingdom="Fungi" pageId="7" pageNumber="60" rank="species" species="clathrata">
<emphasis id="B916EAD374383A4BEA42F89D69C00555" box="[346,490,1876,1897]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="60">Ulva clathrata</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
. A: General aspect of the thallus. B: Detail of the multiseriate branches along the plant axis. C: Detail of a branch with short, spiny branchlets. D: Cells without any pattern of organization. E: Cells with parietal chloroplasts, with lobed margin and pyrenoids.
<emphasis id="B916EAD374383A4BEAABF8466A470598" bold="true" box="[435,621,1935,1956]" pageId="7" pageNumber="60">FIGURES 3 F–K:</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="4C624D4274383A4BE96BF8596BB50599" authorityName="Wynne" authorityYear="2011" baseAuthorityName="C. Agardh" box="[627,927,1936,1957]" genus="Ulva" kingdom="Fungi" pageId="7" pageNumber="60" rank="subSpecies" species="flexuosa" subSpecies="paradoxa">
<emphasis id="B916EAD374383A4BE96BF8596AD20599" box="[627,760,1936,1957]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="60">Ulva flexuosa</emphasis>
subsp.
<emphasis id="B916EAD374383A4BE85BF8596BB50599" box="[835,927,1936,1957]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="60">paradoxa</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
: F: General aspect of the thallus. G–H: Branch with uniseriate branchlets. I. Base of the thallus with rhizoidal cells. J. Cells with longitudinal organizational patterns. K. Parietal chloroplast with pyrenoids.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<paragraph id="8BDD36C174373A44EBDEFF5169EF031A" blockId="8.[151,1436,152,487]" pageId="8" pageNumber="61">
The general aspect of the thallus of specimens of
<taxonomicName id="4C624D4274373A44E814FF516BB1028D" authorityName="Agardh" authorityYear="1811" baseAuthorityName="Roth" box="[780,923,152,177]" genus="Ulva" kingdom="Fungi" pageId="8" pageNumber="61" rank="species" species="clathrata">
<emphasis id="B916EAD374373A44E814FF516BB1028D" box="[780,923,152,177]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="61">U. clathrata</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
from
<collectingCountry id="F375765174373A44E8FBFF516C7B028E" box="[995,1105,152,178]" name="Australia" pageId="8" pageNumber="61">Australia</collectingCountry>
, as described and illustrated by
<bibRefCitation id="EFF34B3074373A44EBA7FF77694A02E4" author="Kraft, G. T." box="[191,352,190,216]" pageId="8" pageNumber="61" refId="ref7571" refString="Kraft, G. T. (2007) Algae of Australia - Marine Benthic Algae of Lord Howe Island and Southern Great Barrier Reefs. 1 - Chlorophyta. CSIRO Publishing, Melbourne, 347 pp." type="book" year="2007">Kraft (2007)</bibRefCitation>
, with branches with bulbous apices, differed from the other references consulted that described the species as having densely ramified thalli with spiny proliferations (
<bibRefCitation id="EFF34B3074373A44EF7BFF2C6D0202C3" author="Kanagawa, A. I." box="[1123,1320,229,255]" pageId="8" pageNumber="61" refId="ref7495" refString="Kanagawa, A. I. (1983) Ulvales (Chlorophyta) marinhas do estado de Sao Paulo, Brasil. Dissertacao de Mestrado em Ciencias, Instituto de Biociencias, USP, Sao Paulo, 195 pp." type="book" year="1983">Kanagawa 1983</bibRefCitation>
,
<bibRefCitation id="EFF34B3074373A44EE2EFF2C68FE031A" author="Burrows, E. M." pageId="8" pageNumber="61" refId="ref6677" refString="Burrows, E. M. (1991) Seaweeds of the British Isles. Vol. 2. Chlorophyta. Natural History Museum Publications, London, 238 pp." type="book" year="1991">Burrows 1991</bibRefCitation>
,
<bibRefCitation id="EFF34B3074373A44EBF8FEC56993031A" author="Brodie, J. &amp; Maggs, C. A. &amp; John, D. M." box="[224,441,268,294]" pageId="8" pageNumber="61" refId="ref6603" refString="Brodie, J., Maggs, C. A. &amp; John, D. M. (2007) Green seaweeds of Britain and Ireland. British Phycolocical Society &amp; Dataplus Print &amp; Design. Dunmurry. 242 pp." type="book" year="2007">
Brodie
<emphasis id="B916EAD374373A44EA2FFEC569580319" box="[311,370,268,293]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="61">et al.</emphasis>
2007
</bibRefCitation>
).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BDD36C174373A44EBDEFEFB6B4D03DB" blockId="8.[151,1436,152,487]" pageId="8" pageNumber="61">
This is the first citation of
<taxonomicName id="4C624D4274373A44E904FEFB6A9A0377" authorityName="Agardh" authorityYear="1811" baseAuthorityName="Roth" box="[540,688,306,331]" genus="Ulva" kingdom="Fungi" pageId="8" pageNumber="61" rank="species" species="clathrata">
<emphasis id="B916EAD374373A44E904FEFB6A9A0377" box="[540,688,306,331]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="61">U. clathrata</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
for the coast of
<collectingRegion id="49A6F82374373A44E891FEFB6C3D0370" box="[905,1047,306,332]" country="Brazil" name="Bahia" pageId="8" pageNumber="61">Bahia State</collectingRegion>
, although the species is widely distributed along the Brazilian coast with records from the states of
<collectingRegion id="49A6F82374373A44E8DDFE906C17034F" box="[965,1085,345,371]" country="Brazil" name="Maranhao" pageId="8" pageNumber="61">Maranhão</collectingRegion>
(
<bibRefCitation id="EFF34B3074373A44EF55FE9068FC03A6" author="Ferreira-Correia, M. M. &amp; Brandao, M. D. S." pageId="8" pageNumber="61" pagination="67 - 80" refId="ref6993" refString="Ferreira-Correia, M. M. &amp; Brandao, M. D. S. (1974) Flora ficologica marinha da Ilha de sao Luis (Estado do Maranhhao, Brasil) I. Chlorophyta. Arquivo Ciencias do Mar 14: 67 - 80." type="journal article" year="1974">Ferreira-Correia &amp; Brandão 1974</bibRefCitation>
),
<collectingRegion id="49A6F82374373A44EBF4FE49691B03A6" box="[236,305,384,410]" country="Brazil" name="Ceara" pageId="8" pageNumber="61">Ceará</collectingRegion>
(
<bibRefCitation id="EFF34B3074373A44EA59FE496A9803A6" author="Pinheiro-Joventino, F. &amp; Dantas, N. P. &amp; Maraschin, C. D. H." box="[321,690,384,410]" pageId="8" pageNumber="61" pagination="29 - 40" refId="ref8409" refString="Pinheiro-Joventino, F., Dantas, N. P. &amp; Maraschin, C. D. H. (1998) Distribuicao de algas marinhas no litoral de Fortaleza, Ceara, Brasil. Arquivo de Ciencias do Mar 31: 29 - 40." type="journal article" year="1998">
Pinheiro-Joventino
<emphasis id="B916EAD374373A44E936FE496A4003A5" box="[558,618,384,409]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="61">et al.</emphasis>
1998
</bibRefCitation>
),
<collectingRegion id="49A6F82374373A44E9DFFE496B0203A6" box="[711,808,384,410]" country="Brazil" name="Alagoas" pageId="8" pageNumber="61">Alagoas</collectingRegion>
(
<bibRefCitation id="EFF34B3074373A44E821FE496BE503A6" author="Muniz, J. A." box="[825,975,384,410]" pageId="8" pageNumber="61" pagination="1 - 4" refId="ref7855" refString="Muniz, J. A. (1983) Enumeracao e novas ocorrencias de algas marinhas bentonicas para o Estado de Alagoas, Brasil. Revista Nordestina de Biologia 8: 1 - 4." type="journal article" year="1983">Muniz 1983</bibRefCitation>
),
<collectingRegion id="49A6F82374373A44E8FEFE496CBA03A6" box="[998,1168,384,410]" country="Brazil" name="Espirito Santo" pageId="8" pageNumber="61">Espírito Santo</collectingRegion>
(
<bibRefCitation id="EFF34B3074373A44EFB8FE496D1203A6" author="Barata, D." box="[1184,1336,384,410]" pageId="8" pageNumber="61" refId="ref6345" refString="Barata, D. (2004) Cloroficeas Marinhas Bentonicas do Estado do Espirito Santo. Dissertacao de Mestrado em Botanica, Instituto de Botanica da Secretaria do Meio Ambiente, Sao Paulo, 210 pp." type="book" year="2004">Barata 2004</bibRefCitation>
),
<collectingRegion id="49A6F82374373A44EE55FE4968C603FC" country="Brazil" name="Rio de Janeiro" pageId="8" pageNumber="61">Rio de Janeiro</collectingRegion>
(Reis &amp; Yoneshigue-Valentin 1996),
<collectingRegion id="49A6F82374373A44E9B0FE6F6B3503FC" box="[680,799,422,448]" country="Brazil" name="Sao Paulo" pageId="8" pageNumber="61">São Paulo</collectingRegion>
(
<bibRefCitation id="EFF34B3074373A44E837FE6F6BD803FC" author="Kanagawa, A. I." box="[815,1010,422,448]" pageId="8" pageNumber="61" refId="ref7495" refString="Kanagawa, A. I. (1983) Ulvales (Chlorophyta) marinhas do estado de Sao Paulo, Brasil. Dissertacao de Mestrado em Ciencias, Instituto de Biociencias, USP, Sao Paulo, 195 pp." type="book" year="1983">Kanagawa 1983</bibRefCitation>
),
<collectingRegion id="49A6F82374373A44EF10FE6F6C7D03FC" box="[1032,1111,422,448]" country="Brazil" name="Parana" pageId="8" pageNumber="61">Paraná</collectingRegion>
(
<bibRefCitation id="EFF34B3074373A44EF7FFE6F6D6F03FC" author="Shirata, M. T. &amp; Ludwig, T. A. V. &amp; Becker, L. H. &amp; de Paula, J. L. T. M." box="[1127,1349,422,448]" pageId="8" pageNumber="61" pagination="443 - 453" refId="ref8748" refString="Shirata, M. T., Ludwig, T. A. V., Becker, L. H. &amp; de Paula, J. L. T. M. (1991) Algas marinhas bentonicas da Ilha do Farol, Praia de Caioba, Municipio de Matinhos, Parana, Brasil. Arquivos de Biologia e Tecnologia 34: 443 - 453." type="journal article" year="1991">
Shirata
<emphasis id="B916EAD374373A44EFDCFE6E6CD503FC" box="[1220,1279,423,448]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="61">et al.</emphasis>
1991
</bibRefCitation>
),
<collectingRegion id="49A6F82374373A44EE43FE6F68D003DB" country="Brazil" name="Santa Catarina" pageId="8" pageNumber="61">Santa Catarina</collectingRegion>
(
<bibRefCitation id="EFF34B3074373A44EA11FE0469B403DB" author="Santos, D. P." box="[265,414,461,487]" pageId="8" pageNumber="61" refId="ref8612" refString="Santos, D. P. (1983) Cloroficeas bentonicas marinhas do Estado de Santa Catarina. Dissertacao de Mestrado em Ciencias, Instituto de Biociencias, USP, Sao Paulo, 163 pp." type="book" year="1983">Santos 1983</bibRefCitation>
), and
<collectingRegion id="49A6F82374373A44EAFDFE046AEA03DB" box="[485,704,461,487]" country="Brazil" name="Rio Grande do Sul" pageId="8" pageNumber="61">Rio Grande do Sul</collectingRegion>
(
<bibRefCitation id="EFF34B3074373A44E9D7FE046B7103DB" author="Horta, P. A." box="[719,859,461,487]" pageId="8" pageNumber="61" refId="ref7302" refString="Horta, P. A. (2000) Macroalgas do Infralitoral do sul e sudeste do Brasil: Taxonomia e Biogeografia, Tese de Doutorado em Ciencias, Instituto de Biociencias, USP, Sao Paulo, 301 pp." type="book" year="2000">Horta 2000</bibRefCitation>
).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BDD36C174373A44EB8FFDDD6ABD0012" blockId="8.[151,1436,532,1827]" box="[151,663,532,558]" pageId="8" pageNumber="61">
<taxonomicName id="4C624D4274373A44EB8FFDDD69D00011" authorityName="Wynne" authorityYear="2011" baseAuthorityName="C. Agardh" box="[151,506,532,558]" class="Ulvophyceae" family="Ulvaceae" genus="Ulva" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" order="Ulvales" pageId="8" pageNumber="61" phylum="Chlorophyta" rank="subSpecies" species="flexuosa" subSpecies="paradoxa">
<emphasis id="B916EAD374373A44EB8FFDDD691C0011" box="[151,310,532,557]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="61">Ulva flexuosa</emphasis>
subsp.
<emphasis id="B916EAD374373A44EA94FDDD69D00011" box="[396,506,532,557]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="61">paradoxa</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(
<figureCitation id="13592A4474373A44E912FDDD6AA40012" box="[522,654,532,558]" captionStart="FIGURES 3" captionStartId="7.[151,259,1875,1896]" captionTargetBox="[211,1377,156,1854]" captionTargetId="figure-106@7.[199,1388,145,1866]" captionTargetPageId="7" captionText="FIGURES 3 A–E: Ulva clathrata. A: General aspect of the thallus. B: Detail of the multiseriate branches along the plant axis. C: Detail of a branch with short, spiny branchlets. D: Cells without any pattern of organization. E: Cells with parietal chloroplasts, with lobed margin and pyrenoids. FIGURES 3 F–K: Ulva flexuosa subsp. paradoxa: F: General aspect of the thallus. G–H: Branch with uniseriate branchlets. I. Base of the thallus with rhizoidal cells. J. Cells with longitudinal organizational patterns. K. Parietal chloroplast with pyrenoids." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4894296" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4894296/files/figure.png" pageId="8" pageNumber="61">Figs 3 F–K</figureCitation>
)
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C378654A74373A44EB8FFDF36AE5010A" pageId="8" pageNumber="61" type="reference_group">
<paragraph id="8BDD36C174373A44EB8FFDF36A7B006D" blockId="8.[151,1436,532,1827]" box="[151,593,570,593]" pageId="8" pageNumber="61">
<taxonomicName id="4C624D4274373A44EB8FFDF36A24006D" authority="Dillwyn (1809" authorityName="Dillwyn" authorityYear="1809" box="[151,526,570,593]" class="Ulvophyceae" family="Cladophoraceae" genus="Conferva" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" order="Cladophorales" pageId="8" pageNumber="61" phylum="Chlorophyta" rank="species" species="paradoxa">
<emphasis id="B916EAD374373A44EB8FFDF3694D006D" box="[151,359,570,593]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="61">Conferva paradoxa</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="EFF34B3074373A44EA75FDF36A24006D" author="Dillwyn, L. W." box="[365,526,570,593]" pageId="8" pageNumber="61" refId="ref6907" refString="Dillwyn, L. W. (1809) British Confervae. W. Phillips, London, 87 pp." type="book" year="1809">Dillwyn (1809</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
: xxii).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BDD36C174373A44EBDEFD936AE5010A" blockId="8.[151,1436,532,1827]" pageId="8" pageNumber="61">
Thallus erect, cylindrical, flaccid, delicate, light green, (0.6–)3.0(–10.0) mm long, fixed by prolongations of rhizoidal cells at the base, forming a small holdfast. Principal axis (60–)115(–150) µm width, with dense ramifications, opposite to irregular, with pluriseriate branches and short uniseriate branchlets (up to
<quantity id="4C9A9B2474373A44EE27FD616DB600FE" box="[1343,1436,680,706]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="9.0" pageId="8" pageNumber="61" unit="mm" value="900.0">900 µm</quantity>
long) along the thallus. Cells square or rectangular, organized longitudinally, (15.0–)26.5(–37.5) µm long and (10–)24(–45) µm width; branches uniseriate with isodiametric cells (5.0–)9.5(–15) µm width. Chloroplast parietal, laminar, lobed, with (4–)6–7 pyrenoids.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C378654A74373A44EBDEFC8B6D0A051F" pageId="8" pageNumber="61" type="description">
<paragraph id="8BDD36C174373A44EBDEFC8B692A0622" blockId="8.[151,1436,532,1827]" pageId="8" pageNumber="61">
Representative specimens examined:—
<collectingCountry id="F375765174373A44E98EFC8B6B290160" box="[662,771,834,860]" name="Brazil" pageId="8" pageNumber="61">BRAZIL</collectingCountry>
.
<collectingRegion id="49A6F82374373A44E817FC8B6B720160" box="[783,856,834,860]" country="Brazil" name="Bahia" pageId="8" pageNumber="61">Bahia</collectingRegion>
: Vera Cruz, Ilha de Itaparica, Praia da Penha,
<materialsCitation id="3B0A3C9C74373A44EE6EFC8B6A6E01BF" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3128558312" collectingDate="2007-03-18" collectionCode="HUEFS" collectorName="Moura" pageId="8" pageNumber="61" specimenCode="HUEFS 130885" specimenCount="1">
<date id="FFDC100174373A44EE6EFC8B68D501BF" pageId="8" pageNumber="61" value="2007-03-18">
<collectingDate id="EF98E9E974373A44EE6EFC8B68D501BF" pageId="8" pageNumber="61" value="2007-03-18">18/ III/2007</collectingDate>
</date>
,
<emphasis id="B916EAD374373A44EA14FCA0697401BE" box="[268,350,873,898]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="61">
<collectorName id="2697531774373A44EA14FCA0697401BE" box="[268,350,873,898]" pageId="8" pageNumber="61">Moura</collectorName>
</emphasis>
(
<specimenCode id="DBC49EBA74373A44EA68FCA06A1101BF" box="[368,571,873,899]" collectionCode="HUEFS" country="Brazil" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15506" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15506" name="Universidade Estadual de Feira de Santana" pageId="8" pageNumber="61" type="Herbarium">HUEFS 130885</specimenCode>
)
</materialsCitation>
;
<materialsCitation id="3B0A3C9C74373A44E94AFCA06C3701BF" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3128558304" box="[594,1053,873,899]" collectingDate="2007-05-19" collectionCode="HUEFS" collectorName="Santos" pageId="8" pageNumber="61" specimenCode="HUEFS 130886" specimenCount="1">
<date id="FFDC100174373A44E94AFCA06AFD01BF" box="[594,727,873,899]" pageId="8" pageNumber="61" value="2007-05-19">
<collectingDate id="EF98E9E974373A44E94AFCA06AFD01BF" box="[594,727,873,899]" pageId="8" pageNumber="61" value="2007-05-19">19/V/2007</collectingDate>
</date>
,
<emphasis id="B916EAD374373A44E9FEFCA06B1D01BE" box="[742,823,873,898]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="61">
<collectorName id="2697531774373A44E9FEFCA06B1D01BE" box="[742,823,873,898]" pageId="8" pageNumber="61">Santos</collectorName>
</emphasis>
(
<specimenCode id="DBC49EBA74373A44E850FCA06C3901BF" box="[840,1043,873,899]" collectionCode="HUEFS" country="Brazil" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15506" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15506" name="Universidade Estadual de Feira de Santana" pageId="8" pageNumber="61" type="Herbarium">HUEFS 130886</specimenCode>
)
</materialsCitation>
;
<materialsCitation id="3B0A3C9C74373A44EF33FCA069400196" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3128558331" collectingDate="2007-07-14" collectionCode="HUEFS" collectorName="Alves &amp; Peixoto" pageId="8" pageNumber="61" specimenCode="HUEFS 130887" specimenCount="1">
<date id="FFDC100174373A44EF33FCA06CEF01BF" box="[1067,1221,873,899]" pageId="8" pageNumber="61" value="2007-07-14">
<collectingDate id="EF98E9E974373A44EF33FCA06CEF01BF" box="[1067,1221,873,899]" pageId="8" pageNumber="61" value="2007-07-14">14/VII/2007</collectingDate>
</date>
,
<emphasis id="B916EAD374373A44EFCBFCA06DB601BE" box="[1235,1436,873,898]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="61">
<collectorName id="2697531774373A44EFCBFCA06D3F01BE" box="[1235,1301,873,898]" pageId="8" pageNumber="61">Alves</collectorName>
&amp;
<collectorName id="2697531774373A44EE27FCA06DB601BE" box="[1343,1436,873,898]" pageId="8" pageNumber="61">Peixoto</collectorName>
</emphasis>
(
<specimenCode id="DBC49EBA74373A44EB87FC5969480196" box="[159,354,912,938]" collectionCode="HUEFS" country="Brazil" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15506" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15506" name="Universidade Estadual de Feira de Santana" pageId="8" pageNumber="61" type="Herbarium">HUEFS 130887</specimenCode>
)
</materialsCitation>
;
<materialsCitation id="3B0A3C9C74373A44EA6EFC596B9E0196" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3128558328" box="[374,948,912,938]" collectingDate="2007-09-27" collectionCode="HUEFS" collectorName="Santos &amp; Peixoto" pageId="8" pageNumber="61" specimenCode="HUEFS 130888" specimenCount="1">
<date id="FFDC100174373A44EA6EFC596A2B0196" box="[374,513,912,938]" pageId="8" pageNumber="61" value="2007-09-27">
<collectingDate id="EF98E9E974373A44EA6EFC596A2B0196" box="[374,513,912,938]" pageId="8" pageNumber="61" value="2007-09-27">27/IX/2007</collectingDate>
</date>
,
<emphasis id="B916EAD374373A44E914FC596AF30195" box="[524,729,912,937]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="61">
<collectorName id="2697531774373A44E914FC596A700195" box="[524,602,912,937]" pageId="8" pageNumber="61">Santos</collectorName>
&amp;
<collectorName id="2697531774373A44E998FC596AF30195" box="[640,729,912,937]" pageId="8" pageNumber="61">Peixoto</collectorName>
</emphasis>
(
<specimenCode id="DBC49EBA74373A44E9F1FC596B810196" box="[745,939,912,938]" collectionCode="HUEFS" country="Brazil" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15506" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15506" name="Universidade Estadual de Feira de Santana" pageId="8" pageNumber="61" type="Herbarium">HUEFS 130888</specimenCode>
)
</materialsCitation>
;
<materialsCitation id="3B0A3C9C74373A44E8D8FC596D400196" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3128558317" box="[960,1386,912,938]" collectingDate="2008-01-23" collectionCode="HUEFS" collectorName="Santos" pageId="8" pageNumber="61" specimenCode="HUEFS 147558" specimenCount="1">
<date id="FFDC100174373A44E8D8FC596C1F0196" box="[960,1077,912,938]" pageId="8" pageNumber="61" value="2008-01-23">
<collectingDate id="EF98E9E974373A44E8D8FC596C1F0196" box="[960,1077,912,938]" pageId="8" pageNumber="61" value="2008-01-23">23/I/2008</collectingDate>
</date>
,
<emphasis id="B916EAD374373A44EF59FC596CA50195" box="[1089,1167,912,937]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="61">
<collectorName id="2697531774373A44EF59FC596CA50195" box="[1089,1167,912,937]" pageId="8" pageNumber="61">Santos</collectorName>
</emphasis>
(
<specimenCode id="DBC49EBA74373A44EF87FC596D480196" box="[1183,1378,912,938]" collectionCode="HUEFS" country="Brazil" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15506" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15506" name="Universidade Estadual de Feira de Santana" pageId="8" pageNumber="61" type="Herbarium">HUEFS 147558</specimenCode>
)
</materialsCitation>
;
<materialsCitation id="3B0A3C9C74373A44EE6EFC596A0401EC" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3128558313" collectingDate="2008-03-08" collectionCode="HUEFS" collectorName="Santos" pageId="8" pageNumber="61" specimenCode="HUEFS 147559" specimenCount="1">
<date id="FFDC100174373A44EE6EFC5968D001EC" pageId="8" pageNumber="61" value="2008-03-08">
<collectingDate id="EF98E9E974373A44EE6EFC5968D001EC" pageId="8" pageNumber="61" value="2008-03-08">08/ III/2008</collectingDate>
</date>
,
<emphasis id="B916EAD374373A44EA1DFC7E697901EC" box="[261,339,951,976]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="61">
<collectorName id="2697531774373A44EA1DFC7E697901EC" box="[261,339,951,976]" pageId="8" pageNumber="61">Santos</collectorName>
</emphasis>
(
<specimenCode id="DBC49EBA74373A44EA7BFC7F6A0C01EC" box="[355,550,950,976]" collectionCode="HUEFS" country="Brazil" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15506" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15506" name="Universidade Estadual de Feira de Santana" pageId="8" pageNumber="61" type="Herbarium">HUEFS 147559</specimenCode>
)
</materialsCitation>
;
<materialsCitation id="3B0A3C9C74373A44E922FC7F6B6801EC" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3128558319" box="[570,834,950,976]" location="Praia da Barra Grande" pageId="8" pageNumber="61" specimenCount="1">
<location id="8EBD601A74373A44E922FC7F6B6801EC" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03CB87D774393A44EB8FFB9C6D0A051F:8EBD601A74373A44E922FC7F6B6801EC" box="[570,834,950,976]" name="Praia da Barra Grande" pageId="8" pageNumber="61">Praia da Barra Grande</location>
</materialsCitation>
,
<materialsCitation id="3B0A3C9C74373A44E856FC7F6D2101EC" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3128558318" box="[846,1291,950,976]" collectingDate="2007-03-19" collectionCode="HUEFS" collectorName="Santos" pageId="8" pageNumber="61" specimenCode="HUEFS 147560" specimenCount="1">
<date id="FFDC100174373A44E856FC7F6BFD01EC" box="[846,983,950,976]" pageId="8" pageNumber="61" value="2007-03-19">
<collectingDate id="EF98E9E974373A44E856FC7F6BFD01EC" box="[846,983,950,976]" pageId="8" pageNumber="61" value="2007-03-19">19/III/2007</collectingDate>
</date>
,
<emphasis id="B916EAD374373A44E8FBFC7E6C1B01EC" box="[995,1073,951,976]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="61">
<collectorName id="2697531774373A44E8FBFC7E6C1B01EC" box="[995,1073,951,976]" pageId="8" pageNumber="61">Santos</collectorName>
</emphasis>
(
<specimenCode id="DBC49EBA74373A44EF58FC7F6D2901EC" box="[1088,1283,950,976]" collectionCode="HUEFS" country="Brazil" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15506" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15506" name="Universidade Estadual de Feira de Santana" pageId="8" pageNumber="61" type="Herbarium">HUEFS 147560</specimenCode>
)
</materialsCitation>
;
<materialsCitation id="3B0A3C9C74373A44EE0FFC7F69E901CB" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3128558305" collectingDate="2007-05-18" collectionCode="HUEFS" collectorName="Santos" pageId="8" pageNumber="61" specimenCode="HUEFS 147561" specimenCount="1">
<date id="FFDC100174373A44EE0FFC7F6DBD01EC" box="[1303,1431,950,976]" pageId="8" pageNumber="61" value="2007-05-18">
<collectingDate id="EF98E9E974373A44EE0FFC7F6DBD01EC" box="[1303,1431,950,976]" pageId="8" pageNumber="61" value="2007-05-18">18/V/2007</collectingDate>
</date>
,
<emphasis id="B916EAD374373A44EB8FFC1468CC01CA" box="[151,230,989,1014]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="61">
<collectorName id="2697531774373A44EB8FFC1468CC01CA" box="[151,230,989,1014]" pageId="8" pageNumber="61">Santos</collectorName>
</emphasis>
(
<specimenCode id="DBC49EBA74373A44EBEDFC14699001CB" box="[245,442,989,1015]" collectionCode="HUEFS" country="Brazil" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15506" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15506" name="Universidade Estadual de Feira de Santana" pageId="8" pageNumber="61" type="Herbarium">HUEFS 147561</specimenCode>
)
</materialsCitation>
;
<materialsCitation id="3B0A3C9C74373A44EAD7FC146BB601CB" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3128558311" box="[463,924,989,1015]" collectingDate="2007-07-14" collectionCode="HUEFS" collectorName="Santos" pageId="8" pageNumber="61" specimenCode="HUEFS 147562" specimenCount="1">
<date id="FFDC100174373A44EAD7FC146A4E01CB" box="[463,612,989,1015]" pageId="8" pageNumber="61" value="2007-07-14">
<collectingDate id="EF98E9E974373A44EAD7FC146A4E01CB" box="[463,612,989,1015]" pageId="8" pageNumber="61" value="2007-07-14">14/VII/2007</collectingDate>
</date>
,
<emphasis id="B916EAD374373A44E969FC146AEA01CA" box="[625,704,989,1014]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="61">
<collectorName id="2697531774373A44E969FC146AEA01CA" box="[625,704,989,1014]" pageId="8" pageNumber="61">Santos</collectorName>
</emphasis>
(
<specimenCode id="DBC49EBA74373A44E9D7FC146BBE01CB" box="[719,916,989,1015]" collectionCode="HUEFS" country="Brazil" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15506" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15506" name="Universidade Estadual de Feira de Santana" pageId="8" pageNumber="61" type="Herbarium">HUEFS 147562</specimenCode>
)
</materialsCitation>
;
<materialsCitation id="3B0A3C9C74373A44E8B1FC1468D60622" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3128558315" collectingDate="2007-09-27" collectionCode="HUEFS" collectorName="Oliveira" pageId="8" pageNumber="61" specimenCode="HUEFS 130890" specimenCount="1">
<date id="FFDC100174373A44E8B1FC146C1E01CB" box="[937,1076,989,1015]" pageId="8" pageNumber="61" value="2007-09-27">
<collectingDate id="EF98E9E974373A44E8B1FC146C1E01CB" box="[937,1076,989,1015]" pageId="8" pageNumber="61" value="2007-09-27">27/IX/2007</collectingDate>
</date>
,
<emphasis id="B916EAD374373A44EF59FC146D0701CA" box="[1089,1325,989,1014]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="61">
<collectorName id="2697531774373A44EF59FC146C8901CA" box="[1089,1187,989,1014]" pageId="8" pageNumber="61">Oliveira</collectorName>
&amp;
<collectorName id="2697531774373A44EFD3FC146D0701CA" box="[1227,1325,989,1014]" pageId="8" pageNumber="61">Oliveira</collectorName>
</emphasis>
(
<specimenCode id="DBC49EBA74373A44EE25FC1468DE0622" collectionCode="HUEFS" country="Brazil" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15506" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15506" name="Universidade Estadual de Feira de Santana" pageId="8" pageNumber="61" type="Herbarium">HUEFS 130890</specimenCode>
)
</materialsCitation>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BDD36C174373A44EBDEFBE36C0306AE" blockId="8.[151,1436,532,1827]" pageId="8" pageNumber="61">
Geographic distribution along the west coast of Atlantic Ocean:—
<collectingCountry id="F375765174373A44E8DFFBE36C0A0678" box="[967,1056,1066,1092]" name="Canada" pageId="8" pageNumber="61">Canada</collectingCountry>
to South Carolina, Florida, Gulf of Mexico,
<collectingCountry id="F375765174373A44EA3CFB98694C0657" box="[292,358,1105,1131]" name="Cuba" pageId="8" pageNumber="61">Cuba</collectingCountry>
,
<collectingCountry id="F375765174373A44EA6BFB9869DB0657" box="[371,497,1105,1131]" name="Venezuela" pageId="8" pageNumber="61">Venezuela</collectingCountry>
,
<collectingCountry id="F375765174373A44EAE7FB986A610657" box="[511,587,1105,1131]" name="Brazil" pageId="8" pageNumber="61">Brazil</collectingCountry>
,
<collectingCountry id="F375765174373A44E940FB986AEA0657" box="[600,704,1105,1131]" name="Uruguay" pageId="8" pageNumber="61">Uruguay</collectingCountry>
(
<bibRefCitation id="EFF34B3074373A44E9C9FB986B420657" author="Taylor, W. R." box="[721,872,1105,1131]" pageId="8" pageNumber="61" refId="ref8970" refString="Taylor, W. R. (1960) Marine algae of the Eastern tropical and subtropical coasts of the Americas. Michigan Press, Michigan, 870 pp." type="book" year="1960">Taylor 1960</bibRefCitation>
,
<bibRefCitation id="EFF34B3074373A44E86EFB986C110657" author="Kanagawa, A. I." box="[886,1083,1105,1131]" pageId="8" pageNumber="61" refId="ref7535" refString="Kanagawa, A. I. (1984) Cloroficeas Marinhas Bentonicas do Estado da Paraiba Brasil, Tese de Doutorado em Ciencias. Instituto de Biociencias, USP, Sao Paulo, 470 pp." type="book" year="1984">Kanagawa 1984</bibRefCitation>
,
<bibRefCitation id="EFF34B3074373A44EF51FB986CDD0657" author="Ganesan, E. K." box="[1097,1271,1105,1131]" pageId="8" pageNumber="61" refId="ref7040" refString="Ganesan, E. K. (1989) A catalog of benthic marine algae and seagrass of Venezuela. Conicit Fondo Editorial, Caracas, 237 pp." type="book" year="1989">Ganesan 1989</bibRefCitation>
,
<bibRefCitation id="EFF34B3074373A44EE1DFB98691A06AE" author="Schneider, C. W. &amp; Searles, R. B." pageId="8" pageNumber="61" refId="ref8708" refString="Schneider, C. W. &amp; Searles, R. B. (1991) Seaweeds of the Southeastern United States - Cape Hatteras to Cape Canaveral. Duke University Press, Durham and London, 553 pp." type="book" year="1991">Schneider &amp; Searles 1991</bibRefCitation>
,
<bibRefCitation id="EFF34B3074373A44EA24FBB16A1206AE" author="Littler, D. S. &amp; Littler, M. M." box="[316,568,1144,1170]" pageId="8" pageNumber="61" refId="ref7772" refString="Littler, D. S. &amp; Littler, M. M. (2000) Caribbean Reef Plants. OffShore Graphics, Inc. Washington, 542 pp." type="book" year="2000">Littler &amp; Littler 2000</bibRefCitation>
,
<bibRefCitation id="EFF34B3074373A44E95CFBB16AF206AE" author="Suarez, A. M." box="[580,728,1144,1170]" pageId="8" pageNumber="61" pagination="93 - 148" refId="ref8816" refString="Suarez, A. M. (2005) Lista de las macroalgas marinhas cubanas. Revista de Investigacao Marina 26: 93 - 148." type="journal article" year="2005">Suárez 2005</bibRefCitation>
,
<bibRefCitation id="EFF34B3074373A44E9FDFBB16C3706AE" author="Dawes, C. J. &amp; Mathieson, A. C." box="[741,1053,1144,1170]" pageId="8" pageNumber="61" refId="ref6877" refString="Dawes, C. J. &amp; Mathieson, A. C. (2008) The seaweeds of Florida. University Press of Florida, Gainesville 591 pp." type="book" year="2008">Dawes &amp; Mathieson 2008</bibRefCitation>
).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BDD36C174373A44EBDEFB576A7C076F" blockId="8.[151,1436,532,1827]" pageId="8" pageNumber="61">
Comments:—
<taxonomicName id="4C624D4274373A44EA73FB566AC80684" authorityName="Wynne" authorityYear="2011" baseAuthorityName="C. Agardh" box="[363,738,1182,1208]" genus="Ulva" kingdom="Fungi" pageId="8" pageNumber="61" rank="subSpecies" species="flexuosa" subSpecies="paradoxa">
<emphasis id="B916EAD374373A44EA73FB566A3A0684" box="[363,528,1183,1208]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="61">Ulva flexuosa</emphasis>
subsp.
<emphasis id="B916EAD374373A44E96AFB566AC80684" box="[626,738,1183,1208]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="61">paradoxa</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
was cited for
<collectingRegion id="49A6F82374373A44E882FB576C1D0684" box="[922,1079,1182,1208]" country="Brazil" name="Paraiba" pageId="8" pageNumber="61">Paraíba State</collectingRegion>
along the Brazilian coast by
<bibRefCitation id="EFF34B3074373A44EB8FFB0C694006E3" author="Kanagawa, A. I." box="[151,362,1221,1247]" pageId="8" pageNumber="61" refId="ref7535" refString="Kanagawa, A. I. (1984) Cloroficeas Marinhas Bentonicas do Estado da Paraiba Brasil, Tese de Doutorado em Ciencias. Instituto de Biociencias, USP, Sao Paulo, 470 pp." type="book" year="1984">Kanagawa (1984</bibRefCitation>
, as
<taxonomicName id="4C624D4274373A44EA83FB0C6C6E06E3" authority="(Dilwin) Kutzing (1845: 247)" authorityName="Kutzing" authorityPageNumber="247" authorityYear="1845" baseAuthorityName="Dilwin" box="[411,1092,1221,1247]" class="Ulvophyceae" family="Ulvaceae" genus="Enteromorpha" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" order="Ulvales" pageId="8" pageNumber="61" phylum="Chlorophyta" rank="species" species="paradoxa">
<emphasis id="B916EAD374373A44EA83FB0C6AE006E2" box="[411,714,1221,1246]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="61">Enteromorpha paradoxa</emphasis>
(Dilwin)
<bibRefCitation id="EFF34B3074373A44E85DFB0C6C6E06E3" author="Kutzing, F. T." box="[837,1092,1221,1247]" pageId="8" pageNumber="61" refId="ref7609" refString="Kutzing, F. T. (1845) Phycologia germanica, d. i. Deutschlands Algen in bundigen Beschreibungen. Nebst einer Anleitung zum Untersuchen und Bestimmen dieser Gewachse fur Anfanger. Nordhausen, W. Kohne, 340 pp." type="book" year="1845">Kützing (1845: 247)</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
, for
<collectingRegion id="49A6F82374373A44EF67FB0C6D5E06E3" box="[1151,1396,1221,1247]" country="Brazil" name="Espirito Santo" pageId="8" pageNumber="61">Espírito Santo State</collectingRegion>
by
<bibRefCitation id="EFF34B3074373A44EB8FFB25691F073A" author="Barata, D." box="[151,309,1260,1286]" pageId="8" pageNumber="61" refId="ref6345" refString="Barata, D. (2004) Cloroficeas Marinhas Bentonicas do Estado do Espirito Santo. Dissertacao de Mestrado em Botanica, Instituto de Botanica da Secretaria do Meio Ambiente, Sao Paulo, 210 pp." type="book" year="2004">Barata (2004</bibRefCitation>
, as
<taxonomicName id="4C624D4274373A44EA7BFB2569DC0739" authorityName="Kutzing" authorityYear="1845" baseAuthorityName="Dilwin" box="[355,502,1260,1285]" class="Ulvophyceae" family="Ulvaceae" genus="Enteromorpha" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" order="Ulvales" pageId="8" pageNumber="61" phylum="Chlorophyta" rank="species" species="paradoxa">
<emphasis id="B916EAD374373A44EA7BFB2569DC0739" box="[355,502,1260,1285]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="61">E. paradoxa</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
), for
<collectingRegion id="49A6F82374373A44E924FB256AD2073A" box="[572,760,1260,1286]" country="Brazil" name="Sao Paulo" pageId="8" pageNumber="61">São Paulo State</collectingRegion>
by
<bibRefCitation id="EFF34B3074373A44E83EFB256B9B073A" author="Coto, A. C. S. P." box="[806,945,1260,1286]" pageId="8" pageNumber="61" refId="ref6793" refString="Coto, A. C. S. P. (2007) Biodiversidade de Clorofitas marinhas do Litoral do Estado de Sao Paulo. Dissertacao de Mestrado em Botanica, Instituto de Botanica da Secretaria do Meio Ambiente, Sao Paulo, 166 pp." type="book" year="2007">Coto (2007</bibRefCitation>
, as
<taxonomicName id="4C624D4274373A44E8C6FB256D6C073A" authority="Agardh (1817" authorityName="Agardh" authorityYear="1817" box="[990,1350,1260,1286]" genus="Ulva" kingdom="Fungi" pageId="8" pageNumber="61" rank="species" species="paradoxa">
<emphasis id="B916EAD374373A44E8C6FB256CB80739" box="[990,1170,1260,1285]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="61">Ulva paradoxa</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="EFF34B3074373A44EF83FB256D6C073A" author="Agardh, C. A." box="[1179,1350,1260,1286]" pageId="8" pageNumber="61" refId="ref6039" refString="Agardh, C. A. (1817) Synopsis algarum Scandinaviae, adjecta dispositione universali algarum. Litteris Berlingianis, Lund, 135 pp." type="book" year="1817">Agardh (1817</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
: xxii)), and for
<collectingRegion id="49A6F82374373A44EBEDFADB69880710" box="[245,418,1298,1324]" country="Brazil" name="Rio de Janeiro" pageId="8" pageNumber="61">Rio de Janeiro</collectingRegion>
by Reis &amp; Yoneshigue-Valentin (1996, as
<taxonomicName id="4C624D4274373A44E8BAFADA6C1F0710" authorityName="Agardh" authorityYear="1817" box="[930,1077,1299,1324]" genus="Ulva" kingdom="Fungi" pageId="8" pageNumber="61" rank="species" species="paradoxa">
<emphasis id="B916EAD374373A44E8BAFADA6C1F0710" box="[930,1077,1299,1324]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="61">E. paradoxa</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
). This is the first reference of this taxon for the coast of
<collectingRegion id="49A6F82374373A44EAD0FAF06A78076F" box="[456,594,1337,1363]" country="Brazil" name="Bahia" pageId="8" pageNumber="61">Bahia State</collectingRegion>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BDD36C174373A44EBDEFAA96D35045E" blockId="8.[151,1436,532,1827]" pageId="8" pageNumber="61">
Of all of the descriptions and illustrations presented by Brazilian authors, apparently only
<bibRefCitation id="EFF34B3074373A44EE38FAA968CF079C" author="Kanagawa, A. I." pageId="8" pageNumber="61" refId="ref7535" refString="Kanagawa, A. I. (1984) Cloroficeas Marinhas Bentonicas do Estado da Paraiba Brasil, Tese de Doutorado em Ciencias. Instituto de Biociencias, USP, Sao Paulo, 470 pp." type="book" year="1984">Kanagawa (1984)</bibRefCitation>
was referring to
<taxonomicName id="4C624D4274373A44EAA9FA4E6B34079C" authorityName="Wynne" authorityYear="2011" baseAuthorityName="C. Agardh" box="[433,798,1414,1440]" genus="Ulva" kingdom="Fungi" pageId="8" pageNumber="61" rank="subSpecies" species="flexuosa" subSpecies="paradoxa">
<emphasis id="B916EAD374373A44EAA9FA4E6A7E079C" box="[433,596,1415,1440]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="61">Ulva flexuosa</emphasis>
subsp.
<emphasis id="B916EAD374373A44E9B6FA4E6B34079C" box="[686,798,1415,1440]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="61">paradoxa</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
. The specimens described by
<bibRefCitation id="EFF34B3074373A44EF9DFA4F6D02079C" author="Barata, D." box="[1157,1320,1414,1440]" pageId="8" pageNumber="61" refId="ref6345" refString="Barata, D. (2004) Cloroficeas Marinhas Bentonicas do Estado do Espirito Santo. Dissertacao de Mestrado em Botanica, Instituto de Botanica da Secretaria do Meio Ambiente, Sao Paulo, 210 pp." type="book" year="2004">Barata (2004)</bibRefCitation>
and
<bibRefCitation id="EFF34B3074373A44EE7BFA4F68CF07FB" author="Coto, A. C. S. P." pageId="8" pageNumber="61" refId="ref6793" refString="Coto, A. C. S. P. (2007) Biodiversidade de Clorofitas marinhas do Litoral do Estado de Sao Paulo. Dissertacao de Mestrado em Botanica, Instituto de Botanica da Secretaria do Meio Ambiente, Sao Paulo, 166 pp." type="book" year="2007">Coto (2007)</bibRefCitation>
are morphologically similar to the specimens of
<taxonomicName id="4C624D4274373A44E832FA646C4707FA" authority="subsp. flexuosa" box="[810,1133,1453,1479]" genus="Ulva" kingdom="Fungi" pageId="8" pageNumber="61" rank="subSpecies" species="flexuosa" subSpecies="flexuosa">
<emphasis id="B916EAD374373A44E832FA646B9B07FA" box="[810,945,1453,1478]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="61">U. flexuosa</emphasis>
subsp.
<emphasis id="B916EAD374373A44EF13FA646C4707FA" box="[1035,1133,1453,1478]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="61">flexuosa</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, although the numbers of pyrenoids are similar to those reported by
<bibRefCitation id="EFF34B3074373A44E993FA1D6B7607D2" author="Kanagawa, A. I." box="[651,860,1492,1518]" pageId="8" pageNumber="61" refId="ref7535" refString="Kanagawa, A. I. (1984) Cloroficeas Marinhas Bentonicas do Estado da Paraiba Brasil, Tese de Doutorado em Ciencias. Instituto de Biociencias, USP, Sao Paulo, 470 pp." type="book" year="1984">Kanagawa (1984)</bibRefCitation>
and in the present study (
<figureCitation id="13592A4474373A44EF96FA1D6CC707D2" box="[1166,1261,1492,1518]" captionStart="FIGURES 3" captionStartId="7.[151,259,1875,1896]" captionTargetBox="[211,1377,156,1854]" captionTargetId="figure-106@7.[199,1388,145,1866]" captionTargetPageId="7" captionText="FIGURES 3 A–E: Ulva clathrata. A: General aspect of the thallus. B: Detail of the multiseriate branches along the plant axis. C: Detail of a branch with short, spiny branchlets. D: Cells without any pattern of organization. E: Cells with parietal chloroplasts, with lobed margin and pyrenoids. FIGURES 3 F–K: Ulva flexuosa subsp. paradoxa: F: General aspect of the thallus. G–H: Branch with uniseriate branchlets. I. Base of the thallus with rhizoidal cells. J. Cells with longitudinal organizational patterns. K. Parietal chloroplast with pyrenoids." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4894296" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4894296/files/figure.png" pageId="8" pageNumber="61">Fig. 3K</figureCitation>
). Additionally, these authors did not mention the characteristic uniseriate branches of this taxon (
<figureCitation id="13592A4474373A44EF4BFA326CF10429" box="[1107,1243,1531,1557]" captionStart="FIGURES 3" captionStartId="7.[151,259,1875,1896]" captionTargetBox="[211,1377,156,1854]" captionTargetId="figure-106@7.[199,1388,145,1866]" captionTargetPageId="7" captionText="FIGURES 3 A–E: Ulva clathrata. A: General aspect of the thallus. B: Detail of the multiseriate branches along the plant axis. C: Detail of a branch with short, spiny branchlets. D: Cells without any pattern of organization. E: Cells with parietal chloroplasts, with lobed margin and pyrenoids. FIGURES 3 F–K: Ulva flexuosa subsp. paradoxa: F: General aspect of the thallus. G–H: Branch with uniseriate branchlets. I. Base of the thallus with rhizoidal cells. J. Cells with longitudinal organizational patterns. K. Parietal chloroplast with pyrenoids." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4894296" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4894296/files/figure.png" pageId="8" pageNumber="61">Figs 3G–H</figureCitation>
); both described the presence of spiny branches along the thallus, although these are not evident in their illustrations. In light of these discrepancies, it will be necessary to review the citations of this taxon for the Brazilian coast.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BDD36C174373A44EBDEF9A76D0A051F" blockId="8.[151,1436,532,1827]" pageId="8" pageNumber="61">
<bibRefCitation id="EFF34B3074373A44EBDEF9A7695D04B4" author="Bliding, C." box="[198,375,1646,1672]" pageId="8" pageNumber="61" pagination="1 - 160" refId="ref6448" refString="Bliding, C. (1963) A critical survey of European taxa in Ulvales. I. Capsosiphon, Percusaria, Blidingia, Enteromorpha. Opera Botanica 8: 1 - 160." type="journal article" year="1963">Bliding (1963)</bibRefCitation>
,
<bibRefCitation id="EFF34B3074373A44EA9CF9A76A0104B4" author="Wynne, M. J." box="[388,555,1646,1672]" pageId="8" pageNumber="61" pagination="1 - 166" refId="ref9330" refString="Wynne, M. J. (2011) A checklist of benthic marine algae of the tropical and subtropical western Atlantic: third revision. Nova Hedwigia 140: 1 - 166." type="journal article" year="2011">Wynne (2011)</bibRefCitation>
and
<bibRefCitation id="EFF34B3074373A44E97EF9A76AD004B4" author="Kraft, G. T." box="[614,762,1646,1672]" pageId="8" pageNumber="61" refId="ref7571" refString="Kraft, G. T. (2007) Algae of Australia - Marine Benthic Algae of Lord Howe Island and Southern Great Barrier Reefs. 1 - Chlorophyta. CSIRO Publishing, Melbourne, 347 pp." type="book" year="2007">Kraft (2007)</bibRefCitation>
referred to this taxon as a subspecies of
<taxonomicName id="4C624D4274373A44EFC5F9A66DAA04B4" authorityName="Wulfen" authorityYear="1803" box="[1245,1408,1647,1672]" genus="Ulva" kingdom="Fungi" pageId="8" pageNumber="61" rank="species" species="flexuosa">
<emphasis id="B916EAD374373A44EFC5F9A66DAA04B4" box="[1245,1408,1647,1672]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="61">Ulva flexuosa</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, a designation that was adopted in the present study; all of the citations of this subspecies for
<collectingCountry id="F375765174373A44EFDDF95C6D270493" box="[1221,1293,1685,1711]" name="Brazil" pageId="8" pageNumber="61">Brazil</collectingCountry>
are referred to as
<taxonomicName id="4C624D4274373A44EBC1F9756A2C04E9" authorityName="Kutzing" authorityYear="1845" baseAuthorityName="Dilwin" box="[217,518,1724,1749]" class="Ulvophyceae" family="Ulvaceae" genus="Enteromorpha" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" order="Ulvales" pageId="8" pageNumber="61" phylum="Chlorophyta" rank="species" species="paradoxa">
<emphasis id="B916EAD374373A44EBC1F9756A2C04E9" box="[217,518,1724,1749]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="61">Enteromorpha paradoxa</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
or
<taxonomicName id="4C624D4274373A44E929F9756AE104E9" authorityName="Kutzing" authorityYear="1845" baseAuthorityName="Dilwin" box="[561,715,1724,1749]" class="Ulvophyceae" family="Ulvaceae" genus="Enteromorpha" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" order="Ulvales" pageId="8" pageNumber="61" phylum="Chlorophyta" rank="species" species="paradoxa">
<emphasis id="B916EAD374373A44E929F9756AE104E9" box="[561,715,1724,1749]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="61">U. paradoxa</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
as these authors considered the morphological differences between
<taxonomicName id="4C624D4274373A44EA19F92A6A6E04C0" authority="subsp. flexuosa" box="[257,580,1763,1789]" genus="Ulva" kingdom="Fungi" pageId="8" pageNumber="61" rank="subSpecies" species="flexuosa" subSpecies="flexuosa">
<emphasis id="B916EAD374373A44EA19F92A69A204C0" box="[257,392,1763,1788]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="61">U. flexuosa</emphasis>
subsp.
<emphasis id="B916EAD374373A44EAFAF92A6A6E04C0" box="[482,580,1763,1788]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="61">flexuosa</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(as
<taxonomicName id="4C624D4274373A44E96EF92A6AD704C0" authorityName="Wulfen" authorityYear="1803" box="[630,765,1763,1788]" genus="Ulva" kingdom="Fungi" pageId="8" pageNumber="61" rank="species" species="flexuosa">
<emphasis id="B916EAD374373A44E96EF92A6AD704C0" box="[630,765,1763,1788]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="61">U. flexuosa</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
) and
<taxonomicName id="4C624D4274373A44E859F92A6CB804C0" authorityName="Wynne" authorityYear="2011" baseAuthorityName="C. Agardh" box="[833,1170,1763,1789]" genus="Ulva" kingdom="Fungi" pageId="8" pageNumber="61" rank="subSpecies" species="flexuosa" subSpecies="paradoxa">
<emphasis id="B916EAD374373A44E859F92A6BE204C0" box="[833,968,1763,1788]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="61">U. flexuosa</emphasis>
subsp.
<emphasis id="B916EAD374373A44EF3AF92A6CB804C0" box="[1058,1170,1763,1788]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="61">paradoxa</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(as
<taxonomicName id="4C624D4274373A44EFDDF92A6D7C04C0" authorityName="Kutzing" authorityYear="1845" baseAuthorityName="Dilwin" box="[1221,1366,1763,1788]" class="Ulvophyceae" family="Ulvaceae" genus="Enteromorpha" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" order="Ulvales" pageId="8" pageNumber="61" phylum="Chlorophyta" rank="species" species="paradoxa">
<emphasis id="B916EAD374373A44EFDDF92A6D7C04C0" box="[1221,1366,1763,1788]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="61">E. paradoxa</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
or
<taxonomicName id="4C624D4274373A44EE67F92A692D051E" authorityName="Kutzing" authorityYear="1845" baseAuthorityName="Dilwin" class="Ulvophyceae" family="Ulvaceae" genus="Enteromorpha" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" order="Ulvales" pageId="8" pageNumber="61" phylum="Chlorophyta" rank="species" species="paradoxa">
<emphasis id="B916EAD374373A44EE67F92A692D051E" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="61">U. paradoxa</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
) consistent, delimiting it as a distinct species (
<bibRefCitation id="EFF34B3074373A44E830F8C06BC0051F" author="Kanagawa, A. I." box="[808,1002,1801,1827]" pageId="8" pageNumber="61" refId="ref7535" refString="Kanagawa, A. I. (1984) Cloroficeas Marinhas Bentonicas do Estado da Paraiba Brasil, Tese de Doutorado em Ciencias. Instituto de Biociencias, USP, Sao Paulo, 470 pp." type="book" year="1984">Kanagawa 1984</bibRefCitation>
,
<bibRefCitation id="EFF34B3074373A44E8EFF8C06CAD051F" author="Barata, D." box="[1015,1159,1801,1827]" pageId="8" pageNumber="61" refId="ref6345" refString="Barata, D. (2004) Cloroficeas Marinhas Bentonicas do Estado do Espirito Santo. Dissertacao de Mestrado em Botanica, Instituto de Botanica da Secretaria do Meio Ambiente, Sao Paulo, 210 pp." type="book" year="2004">Barata 2004</bibRefCitation>
,
<bibRefCitation id="EFF34B3074373A44EF8CF8C06D39051F" author="Coto, A. C. S. P." box="[1172,1299,1801,1827]" pageId="8" pageNumber="61" refId="ref6793" refString="Coto, A. C. S. P. (2007) Biodiversidade de Clorofitas marinhas do Litoral do Estado de Sao Paulo. Dissertacao de Mestrado em Botanica, Instituto de Botanica da Secretaria do Meio Ambiente, Sao Paulo, 166 pp." type="book" year="2007">Coto 2007</bibRefCitation>
).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>
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