403 lines
53 KiB
XML
403 lines
53 KiB
XML
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<mods:title id="FAA31D8F7B7290F457302A326C36E37E">The genus Paravelia Breddin, 1898 (Hemiptera: Heteroptera: Veliidae) in Brazil, with descriptions of eight new species</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="DCC8115BEB2451270A9C1874C2D559BF">Rodrigues, Higor D. D.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="5253060CFE5D8EAB230277076EB3CC2C">Moreira, Felipe F. F.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="6AF2294F83B60243478573E67289E7C9">Nieser, Nico</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="A5A70994BC0D4275274D4716A6E14ED9">Chen, Ping Ping</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="B06186A1F4AD236B58B95A568CE5D4E1">Melo, Alan L.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="FC9873257E7BAFD55DA131D24E25E3AE">Dias-Silva, Karina</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="A8E66749821B3ACB4C8B95D66963894E">Giehl, Nubia F. S.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:title id="3FA2444531200AAF9EE57D7C8C5DAF1B">Zootaxa</mods:title>
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<mods:date id="AB1E370C3CBA40E0FDC475CE9E3376CE">2014</mods:date>
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<mods:number id="CA78E8EBD4321D0FA4433A641A95F9B9">3784</mods:number>
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<treatment id="03CB87B8FFFEFF80FF78FA7A6A572E16" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6495851" ID-GBIF-Taxon="127667411" ID-Zenodo-Dep="6495851" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03CB87B8FFFEFF80FF78FA7A6A572E16" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/03CB87B8FFFEFF80FF78FA7A6A572E16" lastPageId="4" lastPageNumber="4" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">
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<subSubSection id="C3786525FFFEFF86FF78FA7A6AD82AAF" box="[151,462,1474,1501]" pageId="2" pageNumber="3" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="8BDD36AEFFFEFF86FF78FA7A6AD82AAF" blockId="2.[151,462,1474,1501]" box="[151,462,1474,1501]" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">
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<heading id="D09581C2FFFEFF86FF78FA7A6AD82AAF" bold="true" box="[151,462,1474,1501]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="2" pageNumber="3" reason="1">
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<emphasis id="B916EABCFFFEFF86FF78FA7A6AD82AAF" bold="true" box="[151,462,1474,1501]" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">
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Genus
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<taxonomicName id="4C624D2DFFFEFF86FF01FA7B6AD82AAF" ID-CoL="63LG7" authority="Breddin" authorityName="Breddin" box="[238,462,1474,1501]" class="Insecta" family="Veliidae" genus="Paravelia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="3" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="B916EABCFFFEFF86FF01FA7B6A742AAE" bold="true" box="[238,354,1474,1500]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">Paravelia</emphasis>
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Breddin
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</taxonomicName>
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</emphasis>
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8BDD36AEFFFEFF86FF78F9B06AE9296D" blockId="2.[151,829,1545,1598]" box="[151,511,1545,1567]" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">
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<treatmentCitationGroup id="AB721180FFFEFF86FF78F9B06AE9296D" box="[151,511,1545,1567]" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">
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<taxonomicName id="4C624D2DFFFEFF86FF78F9B06AD3296D" ID-CoL="63LG7" authority="Breddin, 1898: 159" authorityName="Breddin" authorityPageNumber="159" authorityYear="1898" box="[151,453,1545,1567]" class="Insecta" family="Veliidae" genus="Paravelia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="3" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="B916EABCFFFEFF86FF78F9B06BED296D" box="[151,251,1545,1567]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">Paravelia</emphasis>
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<treatmentCitation id="0AC310BFFFFEFF86FEEEF9B06AD3296D" author="Breddin" box="[257,453,1545,1567]" page="159" pageId="2" pageNumber="3" year="1898">
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<bibRefCitation id="EFF34B5FFFFEFF86FEEEF9B06A80296D" author="Breddin" box="[257,406,1545,1567]" pageId="2" pageNumber="3" refString="Breddin, G. (1898) Studia hemipterologica. IV. Jahresberichte und Abhandlungen des Naturwissenschaftlichen Vereins in Magdeburg, 1896 - 1898, 149 - 163." type="book chapter" year="1898">Breddin, 1898</bibRefCitation>
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: 159
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</treatmentCitation>
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</taxonomicName>
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<emphasis id="B916EABCFFFEFF86FE2AF9B36AC7296D" box="[453,465,1546,1567]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">–</emphasis>
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160.
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</treatmentCitationGroup>
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8BDD36AEFFFEFF86FF78F991682B294C" blockId="2.[151,829,1545,1598]" box="[151,829,1576,1598]" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">
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Type-Species:
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<taxonomicName id="4C624D2DFFFEFF86FEC3F9916954294C" ID-CoL="7FKQG" authority="Spinola, 1837" authorityName="Spinola" authorityYear="1837" box="[300,578,1576,1598]" class="Insecta" family="Veliidae" genus="Velia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="3" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="basalis">
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<emphasis id="B916EABCFFFEFF86FEC3F9916ABB294C" box="[300,429,1576,1598]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">Velia basalis</emphasis>
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<bibRefCitation id="EFF34B5FFFFEFF86FE5CF9916954294C" author="Spinola" box="[435,578,1576,1598]" pageId="2" pageNumber="3" refString="Spinola, M. (1837) Essai sur les Genres d'Insectes Appartenants a l'Ordre des Hemipteres, Lin. ou Rhyngotes, Fab. et a la Section des Heteropteres, Dufour. Chez Yvez Gravier, Genes, 383 pp." type="book" year="1837">Spinola, 1837</bibRefCitation>
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</taxonomicName>
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, by original designation.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8BDD36AEFFFEFF86FF78F9DC6AF228EC" blockId="2.[151,1436,1637,2022]" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">
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The genus
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<taxonomicName id="4C624D2DFFFEFF86FEF3F9DC6A9C290F" ID-CoL="63LG7" box="[284,394,1637,1661]" class="Insecta" family="Veliidae" genus="Paravelia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="3" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="B916EABCFFFEFF86FEF3F9DC6A9C290F" box="[284,394,1637,1661]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">Paravelia</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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was established by
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<bibRefCitation id="EFF34B5FFFFEFF86FD91F9DC6839290C" author="Breddin" box="[638,815,1637,1662]" pageId="2" pageNumber="3" refString="Breddin, G. (1898) Studia hemipterologica. IV. Jahresberichte und Abhandlungen des Naturwissenschaftlichen Vereins in Magdeburg, 1896 - 1898, 149 - 163." type="book chapter" year="1898">Breddin (1898)</bibRefCitation>
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to include two species described in the genus
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<taxonomicName id="4C624D2DFFFEFF86FA8BF9DC6A2929D0" ID-CoL="8669" authority="Latreille, 1804" authorityName="Latreille" authorityYear="1804" class="Insecta" family="Veliidae" genus="Velia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="3" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="B916EABCFFFEFF86FA8BF9DC6E8A290F" box="[1380,1436,1637,1661]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">Velia</emphasis>
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Latreille, 1804
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</taxonomicName>
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:
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<taxonomicName id="4C624D2DFFFEFF86FEA5F933694029D0" ID-CoL="7FKQG" authority="Spinola, 1837" authorityName="Spinola" authorityYear="1837" box="[330,598,1673,1698]" class="Insecta" family="Veliidae" genus="Velia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="3" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="basalis">
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<emphasis id="B916EABCFFFEFF86FEA5F9336AA229D3" box="[330,436,1673,1697]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">V. basalis</emphasis>
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<bibRefCitation id="EFF34B5FFFFEFF86FE54F930694029D0" author="Spinola" box="[443,598,1673,1698]" pageId="2" pageNumber="3" refString="Spinola, M. (1837) Essai sur les Genres d'Insectes Appartenants a l'Ordre des Hemipteres, Lin. ou Rhyngotes, Fab. et a la Section des Heteropteres, Dufour. Chez Yvez Gravier, Genes, 383 pp." type="book" year="1837">Spinola, 1837</bibRefCitation>
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</taxonomicName>
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and
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<taxonomicName id="4C624D2DFFFEFF86FD63F933689929D0" ID-CoL="4DHNW" authority="Berg, 1883" authorityName="Berg" authorityYear="1883" box="[652,911,1673,1698]" class="Insecta" family="Veliidae" genus="Paravelia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="3" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="platensis">
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<emphasis id="B916EABCFFFEFF86FD63F933681C29D3" box="[652,778,1673,1697]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">V. platensis</emphasis>
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<bibRefCitation id="EFF34B5FFFFEFF86FCFEF933689929D0" author="Berg" box="[785,911,1674,1698]" pageId="2" pageNumber="3" refString="Berg, C. (1883) Addenda et emendanda ad Hemiptera Argentina. Anales de la Sociedad Cientifica Argentina, 16, 105 - 125." type="journal article" year="1883">Berg, 1883</bibRefCitation>
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</taxonomicName>
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, in addition to a new species described by him,
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<taxonomicName id="4C624D2DFFFEFF86FF78F9176ACF29B4" ID-CoL="4DHMN" authority="Breddin, 1898" authorityName="Breddin" authorityYear="1898" box="[151,473,1709,1734]" class="Insecta" family="Veliidae" genus="Paravelia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="3" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="boliviana">
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<emphasis id="B916EABCFFFEFF86FF78F9176A3529B7" box="[151,291,1709,1733]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">P. boliviana</emphasis>
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<bibRefCitation id="EFF34B5FFFFEFF86FEDFF9146ACF29B4" author="Breddin" box="[304,473,1709,1734]" pageId="2" pageNumber="3" refString="Breddin, G. (1898) Studia hemipterologica. IV. Jahresberichte und Abhandlungen des Naturwissenschaftlichen Vereins in Magdeburg, 1896 - 1898, 149 - 163." type="book chapter" year="1898">Breddin, 1898</bibRefCitation>
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</taxonomicName>
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. Most of the other species which are currently included in
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<taxonomicName id="4C624D2DFFFEFF86FB40F9146E0B29B7" ID-CoL="63LG7" box="[1199,1309,1709,1733]" class="Insecta" family="Veliidae" genus="Paravelia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="3" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="B916EABCFFFEFF86FB40F9146E0B29B7" box="[1199,1309,1709,1733]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">Paravelia</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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were also originally described as
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<taxonomicName id="4C624D2DFFFEFF86FE74F9686AC5299B" ID-CoL="8669" box="[411,467,1745,1769]" class="Insecta" family="Veliidae" genus="Velia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="3" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="B916EABCFFFEFF86FE74F9686AC5299B" box="[411,467,1745,1769]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">Velia</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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. Later on,
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<bibRefCitation id="EFF34B5FFFFEFF86FDA2F968683B2998" author="Hungerford" box="[589,813,1745,1770]" pageId="2" pageNumber="3" refString="Hungerford, H. B. (1929 a) A new Velia from Arizona with notes on other species (Hemiptera-Veliidae). Annals of the Entomological Society of America, 22, 759 - 761." type="journal article" year="1929" yearSuffix="a">Hungerford (1929a)</bibRefCitation>
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||
transferred the species included by Breddin (
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||
<taxonomicName id="4C624D2DFFFEFF86FAC5F96B6E82299B" ID-CoL="7FKQG" box="[1322,1428,1745,1769]" class="Insecta" family="Veliidae" genus="Velia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="3" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="basalis">
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||
<emphasis id="B916EABCFFFEFF86FAC5F96B6E82299B" box="[1322,1428,1745,1769]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">P. basalis</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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,
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<taxonomicName id="4C624D2DFFFEFF86FF78F94F6A00287F" ID-CoL="4DHNW" box="[151,278,1781,1805]" class="Insecta" family="Veliidae" genus="Paravelia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="3" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="platensis">
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<emphasis id="B916EABCFFFEFF86FF78F94F6A00287F" box="[151,278,1781,1805]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">P. platensis</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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and
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<taxonomicName id="4C624D2DFFFEFF86FEA4F94F6AC6287F" ID-CoL="4DHMN" box="[331,464,1781,1805]" class="Insecta" family="Veliidae" genus="Paravelia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="3" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="boliviana">
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<emphasis id="B916EABCFFFEFF86FEA4F94F6AC6287F" box="[331,464,1781,1805]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">P. boliviana</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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) in
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<taxonomicName id="4C624D2DFFFEFF86FE13F94C697C287F" ID-CoL="63LG7" box="[508,618,1781,1805]" class="Insecta" family="Veliidae" genus="Paravelia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="3" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B916EABCFFFEFF86FE13F94C697C287F" box="[508,618,1781,1805]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">Paravelia</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
back to the genus
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C624D2DFFFEFF86FCD5F94C6864287F" ID-CoL="8669" box="[826,882,1781,1805]" class="Insecta" family="Veliidae" genus="Velia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="3" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B916EABCFFFEFF86FCD5F94C6864287F" box="[826,882,1781,1805]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">Velia</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, dividing the American
|
||
<emphasis id="B916EABCFFFEFF86FB6EF94C6FA0287F" box="[1153,1206,1781,1805]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">Vel ia</emphasis>
|
||
into the four groups of species:
|
||
<emphasis id="B916EABCFFFEFF86FECCF8A06AEF2843" box="[291,505,1817,1841]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C624D2DFFFEFF86FECCF8A06A632843" ID-CoL="7FKQG" box="[291,373,1817,1841]" class="Insecta" family="Veliidae" genus="Velia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="3" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="basalis">basalis</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C624D2DFFFEFF86FE68F8A06AEF2843" box="[391,505,1817,1841]" class="Insecta" family="Veliidae" genus="Velia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="3" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="brachialis">brachialis</taxonomicName>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C624D2DFFFEFF86FDE1F8A069922843" box="[526,644,1817,1841]" class="Insecta" family="Veliidae" genus="Velia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="3" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="inveruglas">
|
||
<emphasis id="B916EABCFFFEFF86FDE1F8A069922843" box="[526,644,1817,1841]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">inveruglas</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C624D2DFFFEFF86FD26F8A068382843" box="[713,814,1817,1841]" class="Insecta" family="Veliidae" genus="Velia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="3" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="stagnalis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B916EABCFFFEFF86FD26F8A068382843" box="[713,814,1817,1841]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">stagnalis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. In the same year,
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFF34B5FFFFEFF86FBCAF8A06E1A2840" author="Hungerford" box="[1061,1292,1817,1842]" pageId="2" pageNumber="3" refString="Hungerford, H. B. (1929 c) Some new semi-aquatic Hemiptera from South America with a record of stridulatory devices (Veliidae- Velia). Journal of Kansas Entomological Society, 2 (3), 50 - 59." type="journal article" year="1929" yearSuffix="c">Hungerford (1929c)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
created the subgenus
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C624D2DFFFEFF86FEE9F88469762824" ID-CoL="645P5" authority="Hungerford, 1929" authorityName="Hungerford" authorityYear="1929" box="[262,608,1853,1878]" class="Insecta" family="Veliidae" genus="Stridulivelia" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="3" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B916EABCFFFEFF86FEE9F8846A862827" box="[262,400,1853,1877]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">Stridulivelia</emphasis>
|
||
Hungerford, 1929
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
to allocate six species:
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C624D2DFFFEFF86FC83F8846FC22824" ID-CoL="7X78Y" authority="Champion, 1898" authorityName="Champion" authorityYear="1898" box="[876,1236,1853,1878]" class="Insecta" family="Veliidae" genus="Velia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="3" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="cinctipes">
|
||
<emphasis id="B916EABCFFFEFF86FC83F8846F192827" box="[876,1039,1853,1877]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">Velia cinctipes</emphasis>
|
||
Champion, 1898
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C624D2DFFFEFF86FB0FF8876A742808" ID-CoL="7X79C" authority="Hungerford, 1929" authorityName="Hungerford" authorityYear="1929" class="Insecta" family="Veliidae" genus="Velia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="3" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="quadrispinosa">
|
||
<emphasis id="B916EABCFFFEFF86FB0FF8876E8A2827" box="[1248,1436,1853,1877]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">V. quadrispinosa</emphasis>
|
||
Hungerford, 1929
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C624D2DFFFEFF86FE82F8DB698D2808" ID-CoL="7X79D" authority="Hungerford, 1929" authorityName="Hungerford" authorityYear="1929" box="[365,667,1889,1914]" class="Insecta" family="Veliidae" genus="Velia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="3" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="raspa">
|
||
<emphasis id="B916EABCFFFEFF86FE82F8DB6ADE280B" box="[365,456,1890,1913]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">V. raspa</emphasis>
|
||
Hungerford, 1929
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C624D2DFFFEFF86FD49F8DB6F172808" ID-CoL="7X79F" authority="Hungerford, 1929" authorityName="Hungerford" authorityYear="1929" box="[678,1025,1889,1914]" class="Insecta" family="Veliidae" genus="Velia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="3" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="stridulata">
|
||
<emphasis id="B916EABCFFFEFF86FD49F8DB6839280B" box="[678,815,1889,1913]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">V. stridulata</emphasis>
|
||
Hungerford, 1929
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C624D2DFFFEFF86FBE3F8DB6E472808" ID-CoL="7X79G" authority="Hungerford, 1929" authorityName="Hungerford" authorityYear="1929" box="[1036,1361,1889,1914]" class="Insecta" family="Veliidae" genus="Velia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="3" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="strigosa">
|
||
<emphasis id="B916EABCFFFEFF86FBE3F8DB6F97280B" box="[1036,1153,1890,1913]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">V. strigosa</emphasis>
|
||
Hungerford, 1929
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C624D2DFFFEFF86FA68F8DB6AC928EC" ID-CoL="7X79Y" authority="Hungerford, 1929" authorityName="Hungerford" authorityYear="1929" class="Insecta" family="Veliidae" genus="Velia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="3" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="transversa">
|
||
<emphasis id="B916EABCFFFEFF86FA68F8DB6A1B28EF" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">V. transversa</emphasis>
|
||
Hungerford, 1929
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BDD36AEFFFEFF87FF28F81069B62E16" blockId="2.[151,1436,1637,2022]" lastBlockId="3.[151,1437,151,2013]" lastPageId="3" lastPageNumber="4" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">
|
||
Thereafter, the genus
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C624D2DFFFEFF86FE2CF810692728B3" ID-CoL="63LG7" box="[451,561,1961,1985]" class="Insecta" family="Veliidae" genus="Paravelia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="3" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B916EABCFFFEFF86FE2CF810692728B3" box="[451,561,1961,1985]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">Paravelia</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
was neglected by most researchers, which included all the subsequent new species in the genus
|
||
<emphasis id="B916EABCFFFEFF86FE92F8746AA42897" box="[381,434,1997,2021]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">Vel ia</emphasis>
|
||
. After more than forty years,
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFF34B5FFFFEFF86FCEDF87468D52894" author="Polhemus" box="[770,963,1997,2022]" pageId="2" pageNumber="3" refString="Polhemus, J. T. (1976) A reconsideration of the status of the genus Paravelia Breddin, with other notes and a check list of species (Veliidae: Heteroptera). Journal of the Kansas Entomological Society, 49 (4), 509 - 513." type="journal article" year="1976">Polhemus (1976)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
recognized that the
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C624D2DFFFEFF86FB4AF8746FCB2897" ID-CoL="8669" box="[1189,1245,1997,2021]" class="Insecta" family="Veliidae" genus="Velia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="3" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B916EABCFFFEFF86FB4AF8746FCB2897" box="[1189,1245,1997,2021]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">Velia</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
species from the New World were not congeneric with those from the Old World, transferring all American species to the genus
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C624D2DFFFFFF87FF78FF056A132FA6" ID-CoL="63LG7" box="[151,261,188,212]" class="Insecta" family="Veliidae" genus="Paravelia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B916EABCFFFFFF87FF78FF056A132FA6" box="[151,261,188,212]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">Paravelia</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, and elevating the subgenus
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C624D2DFFFFFF87FD9CFF0569EB2FA6" ID-CoL="645P5" box="[627,765,188,212]" class="Insecta" family="Veliidae" genus="Stridulivelia" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B916EABCFFFFFF87FD9CFF0569EB2FA6" box="[627,765,188,212]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">Stridulivelia</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
to generic level. Later,
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFF34B5FFFFFFF87FBDFFF056E8A2FA6" author="Polhemus" box="[1072,1436,188,213]" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" refString="Polhemus, J. T. & Polhemus, D. A. (1993) Two new genera for New World Veliinae (Heteroptera: Veliidae). Journal of the New York Entomological Society, 101 (3), 391 - 398." type="journal article" year="1993">Polhemus & Polhemus (1993)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
recognized two new genera within the species from
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C624D2DFFFFFF87FD07FF5968402F8A" ID-CoL="63LG7" box="[744,854,224,248]" class="Insecta" family="Veliidae" genus="Paravelia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B916EABCFFFFFF87FD07FF5968402F8A" box="[744,854,224,248]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">Paravelia</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, based mainly in sternum and acetabula structures:
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C624D2DFFFFFF87FF78FEBD6A1F2E6E" ID-CoL="6S7F" box="[151,265,260,284]" class="Insecta" family="Veliidae" genus="Platyvelia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B916EABCFFFFFF87FF78FEBD6A1F2E6E" box="[151,265,260,284]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">Platyvelia</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(
|
||
<typeStatus id="54D9880CFFFFFF87FEF5FEBD6A5A2E6E" box="[282,332,260,284]" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">type</typeStatus>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C624D2DFFFFFF87FEB9FEBD699F2E6F" authority="Stal, 1860" authorityName="Stal" authorityYear="1860" box="[342,649,260,285]" class="Insecta" family="Veliidae" genus="Velia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="brachialis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B916EABCFFFFFF87FEB9FEBD691C2E6E" box="[342,522,260,284]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">Velia brachialis</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFF34B5FFFFFFF87FDFBFEBD699F2E6F" author="Stal" box="[532,649,260,285]" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" refString="Stal, C. (1860) Bidrag till Rio Janeiro-Traktens Hemipter-Fauna. Kongliga Svenska Vetenskaps Akademiens Handlingar, 2, 1 - 84." type="journal article" year="1860">Stål, 1860</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
) and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C624D2DFFFFFF87FD22FEBD685F2E6E" ID-CoL="7M99" box="[717,841,260,284]" class="Insecta" family="Veliidae" genus="Steinovelia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B916EABCFFFFFF87FD22FEBD685F2E6E" box="[717,841,260,284]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">Steinovelia</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(
|
||
<typeStatus id="54D9880CFFFFFF87FCB4FEBD689B2E6E" box="[859,909,260,284]" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">type</typeStatus>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C624D2DFFFFFF87FC79FEBD6E062E6F" authority="Burmeister, 1835" authorityName="Burmeister" authorityYear="1835" box="[918,1296,260,285]" class="Insecta" family="Veliidae" genus="Velia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="stagnalis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B916EABCFFFFFF87FC79FEBD6F2B2E6E" box="[918,1085,260,284]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">Velia stagnalis</emphasis>
|
||
Burmeister, 1835
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
). Even with reallocations and the creation of new genera, the genus
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C624D2DFFFFFF87FCFDFE9168962E32" ID-CoL="63LG7" box="[786,896,296,320]" class="Insecta" family="Veliidae" genus="Paravelia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B916EABCFFFFFF87FCFDFE9168962E32" box="[786,896,296,320]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">Paravelia</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
still seems to be paraphyletic (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFF34B5FFFFFFF87FB0CFE9E6E8E2E32" author="Polhemus" box="[1251,1432,295,320]" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" refString="Polhemus, J. T. (1976) A reconsideration of the status of the genus Paravelia Breddin, with other notes and a check list of species (Veliidae: Heteroptera). Journal of the Kansas Entomological Society, 49 (4), 509 - 513." type="journal article" year="1976">Polhemus 1976</bibRefCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFF34B5FFFFFFF87FF78FEF56A532E16" author="Andersen" box="[151,325,332,357]" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" refString="Andersen, N. M. (1982) The semiaquatic bugs (Hemiptera, Gerromorpha) phylogeny, adaptations, biogeography and classification. Entomonograph, 3, 1 - 455." type="journal article" year="1982">Andersen 1982</bibRefCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFF34B5FFFFFFF87FEBFFEF569852E16" author="Polhemus" box="[336,659,332,357]" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" refString="Polhemus, J. T. & Polhemus, D. A. (1993) Two new genera for New World Veliinae (Heteroptera: Veliidae). Journal of the New York Entomological Society, 101 (3), 391 - 398." type="journal article" year="1993">Polhemus & Polhemus 1993</bibRefCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C3786525FFFFFF87FF28FED66FE32A97" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" type="description">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BDD36AEFFFFFF87FF28FED66FEE2D4F" blockId="3.[151,1437,151,2013]" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">
|
||
<emphasis id="B916EABCFFFFFF87FF28FED66A622EFA" bold="true" box="[199,372,367,392]" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">Redescription.</emphasis>
|
||
Thoracic polymorphism is very common, with macropterous (as in
|
||
<figureCitation id="13592A2BFFFFFF87FB85FED66FB12EFA" box="[1130,1191,367,392]" captionStart="FIGURE 1" captionStartId="5.[151,250,1376,1398]" captionTargetBox="[317,1269,414,1351]" captionTargetId="figure@5.[316,1270,411,1351]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="FIGURE 1. Paravelia amapaensis sp. nov. Male holotype, (A) dorsal view, (B) ventral view, (C) lateral view." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/285782/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">Fig. 1</figureCitation>
|
||
A), brachypterous (as in
|
||
<figureCitation id="13592A2BFFFFFF87FF58FE2D6A1C2EDE" box="[183,266,404,429]" captionStart="FIGURE 19" captionStartId="35.[151,250,1610,1632]" captionTargetBox="[283,1284,308,1583]" captionTargetId="figure@35.[279,1308,303,1587]" captionTargetPageId="35" captionText="FIGURE 19. Dorsal view, (A) Paravelia platensis (brachypterous), (B) P. spinifera, (C) P. williamsi, (D) ventral view of P. williamsi (arrow indicates the projections on sternite VII of male)." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/285800/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">Fig. 19</figureCitation>
|
||
A), micropterous (as in
|
||
<figureCitation id="13592A2BFFFFFF87FDCCFE2D69712EDF" box="[547,615,404,429]" captionStart="FIGURE 5" captionStartId="10.[151,250,1854,1876]" captionTargetBox="[297,1289,590,1830]" captionTargetId="figure@10.[293,1293,589,1833]" captionTargetPageId="10" captionText="FIGURE 5. Paravelia bipunctata sp. nov. (A) Dorsal view of micropterous male (holotype), (B) ventral view of micropterous male (holotype), (C) dorsal view of micropterous female (paratype), (D) dorsal view of macropterous female (paratype)." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/285786/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">Fig. 5</figureCitation>
|
||
A) and apterous (as in
|
||
<figureCitation id="13592A2BFFFFFF87FC96FE2D68DD2EDE" box="[889,971,404,429]" captionStart="FIGURE 13" captionStartId="21.[151,250,1562,1584]" captionTargetBox="[251,1357,200,1536]" captionTargetId="figure@21.[221,1365,193,1541]" captionTargetPageId="21" captionText="FIGURE 13. Dorsal view, (A) Paravelia basalis (with apical macula), (B) P. basalis (without apical macula), (C) P. bi a e (holotype), (D) P. boliviana (apterous)." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/285794/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">Fig. 13</figureCitation>
|
||
D) forms occurring. General body color usually brown, varying from dark, almost black tones, to yellowish or orange, with or without pruinose areas. Body length between 2.30 and 9.00 mm, with or without modified setae similar to minute dark spines, which might be prominent or not, acute or blunt, named in literature as: minute conical black setae, minute peg-like points, black denticles, short black spinules, or flattened triangular tooth; herein considered small black denticles.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BDD36AEFFFFFF87FF28FDFE6ACB2DBE" blockId="3.[151,1437,151,2013]" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">
|
||
<emphasis id="B916EABCFFFFFF87FF28FDFE6A182D12" bold="true" box="[199,270,583,608]" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">Head.</emphasis>
|
||
Elongated in front of eyes and deflected; dorsally with longitudinal midline impressed and a pair of punctations or impressions on posterior region. Eyes globose, separated by a distance greater than eye width, located on posterior portion of head, adjacent to anterior margin of pronotum. Ocular setae usually present. Rostrum reaching mesocoxa.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BDD36AEFFFFFF87FF28FD6E6ADB2B9A" blockId="3.[151,1437,151,2013]" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">
|
||
<emphasis id="B916EABCFFFFFF87FF28FD6E6A302D82" bold="true" box="[199,294,727,752]" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">Thorax.</emphasis>
|
||
Pronotum in both apterous and alate forms long, covering meso- and usually almost entire metanotum, with a row of rounded punctations adjacent to anterior margin; posterior lobe covered by the same punctations, with posterior angle varying from rounded (as in
|
||
<figureCitation id="13592A2BFFFFFF87FCA3FCA6689A2C4A" box="[844,908,799,824]" captionStart="FIGURE 8" captionStartId="15.[151,250,1534,1556]" captionTargetBox="[334,1255,520,1508]" captionTargetId="figure@15.[328,1258,517,1513]" captionTargetPageId="15" captionText="FIGURE 8. Paravelia micromaculata sp. nov. Female holotype, (A) dorsal view, (B) ventral view, (C) lateral view." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/285789/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">Fig. 8</figureCitation>
|
||
A) to triangular (as in
|
||
<figureCitation id="13592A2BFFFFFF87FB69FCA66FC22C4A" box="[1158,1236,799,824]" captionStart="FIGURE 11" captionStartId="19.[151,250,1900,1922]" captionTargetBox="[286,1300,812,1878]" captionTargetId="figure@19.[282,1305,807,1879]" captionTargetPageId="19" captionText="FIGURE 11. Paravelia polhemusi sp. nov. Female holotype, (A) dorsal view, (B) ventral view, (C) lateral view." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/285792/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">Fig. 11</figureCitation>
|
||
A), or acute (as in
|
||
<figureCitation id="13592A2BFFFFFF87FF78FCFD6BF12C2E" box="[151,231,836,861]" captionStart="FIGURE 17" captionStartId="30.[151,250,1475,1497]" captionTargetBox="[302,1288,208,1449]" captionTargetId="figure@30.[296,1291,195,1453]" captionTargetPageId="30" captionText="FIGURE 17. Dorsal view, (A) Paravelia foveata, (B) P. lanemeloi (paratype), (C) P. manausana, (D) P. nieseri (holotype)." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/285798/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">Fig. 17</figureCitation>
|
||
D); anterior lobe in some species with a pair of maculae (as in
|
||
<figureCitation id="13592A2BFFFFFF87FC47FCFD68E12C2E" box="[936,1015,836,861]" captionStart="FIGURE 17" captionStartId="30.[151,250,1475,1497]" captionTargetBox="[302,1288,208,1449]" captionTargetId="figure@30.[296,1291,195,1453]" captionTargetPageId="30" captionText="FIGURE 17. Dorsal view, (A) Paravelia foveata, (B) P. lanemeloi (paratype), (C) P. manausana, (D) P. nieseri (holotype)." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/285798/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">Fig. 17</figureCitation>
|
||
A), pruinose areas (as in
|
||
<figureCitation id="13592A2BFFFFFF87FAFFFCFD6E762C2E" box="[1296,1376,836,861]" captionStart="FIGURE 10" captionStartId="17.[151,250,1659,1681]" captionTargetBox="[236,1352,452,1634]" captionTargetId="figure@17.[229,1357,445,1637]" captionTargetPageId="17" captionText="FIGURE 10. Paravelia ornata sp. nov. (A) Dorsal view of male holotype, (B) ventral view of male paratype, (C) apex of male abdomen, (D) apex of female abdomen." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/285791/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">Fig. 10</figureCitation>
|
||
A) or pubescence (as in
|
||
<figureCitation id="13592A2BFFFFFF87FE94FCDE6AD32CF2" box="[379,453,871,896]" captionStart="FIGURE 2" captionStartId="6.[151,250,1937,1959]" captionTargetBox="[353,1234,949,1914]" captionTargetId="figure@6.[350,1236,949,1915]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="FIGURE 2. Paravelia bahiana sp. nov. (A) Dorsal view of male holotype, (B) dorsal view of female paratype, (C) lateral view of male, (D) ventral view of male abdomen apex." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/285783/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">Fig. 2</figureCitation>
|
||
A). Apterous and brachypterous forms usually with humeral angles not elevated. Macropterous form with wider pronotum, humeral angles well-developed and slightly elevated; forewings with four closed cells, reaching genital segments and usually dark brown; when closed, generally forming a pair of basal maculae, varying from white to yellowish, near humeral angles of pronotum; normally also another macula on apex of varied shape, which might or not reach the distal end of wings. Pro-, mesopleura, and prosternum with rounded punctations. Intersegmental region between meso- and metasternum generally with two pairs of small tubercles medially. Legs with or without spines; when present usually on hind femur, organized or not in rows, with varying numbers; all legs with three tarsomeres and falcate claws; arolia setae-like; tarsomere I generally very small; tarsomere II of midleg usually very long, reaching to five times the length of tarsomere I in some cases; tarsomere III of all legs cylindrical or subcylindrical, with parallel margins (except for
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C624D2DFFFFFF87FBEBFB146F982BB6" box="[1028,1166,1196,1220]" class="Insecta" family="Veliidae" genus="Paravelia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="bullialata">
|
||
<emphasis id="B916EABCFFFFFF87FBEBFB146F982BB6" box="[1028,1166,1196,1220]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">P. bullialata</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C624D2DFFFFFF87FB27FB146E4C2BB6" box="[1224,1370,1196,1220]" class="Insecta" family="Veliidae" genus="Paravelia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="splendoris">
|
||
<emphasis id="B916EABCFFFFFF87FB27FB146E4C2BB6" box="[1224,1370,1196,1220]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">P. splendoris</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, with slightly divergent margins).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BDD36AEFFFFFF87FF28FB4D6FE32A97" blockId="3.[151,1437,151,2013]" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">
|
||
<emphasis id="B916EABCFFFFFF87FF28FB4D6A552A7F" bold="true" box="[199,323,1268,1293]" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">Abdomen.</emphasis>
|
||
Generally without pruinose areas, with posterior angle of last connexival segment developed (as in
|
||
<figureCitation id="13592A2BFFFFFF87FF78FAAE6BF92A42" box="[151,239,1303,1328]" captionStart="FIGURE 12" captionStartId="20.[151,250,1096,1118]" captionTargetBox="[253,1335,197,1070]" captionTargetId="figure@20.[249,1338,193,1074]" captionTargetPageId="20" captionText="FIGURE 12. Paravelia ornata sp. nov. (A) Lateral view of first genital segment of male, (B) lateral view of genital capsule of male, (C) lateral view of paramere, (D) lateral view of female abdomen. Paravelia polhemusi sp. nov. (E) Lateral view of female abdomen, (F) ventral view of hind femur of female." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/285793/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">Fig. 12</figureCitation>
|
||
D) or not (as in
|
||
<figureCitation id="13592A2BFFFFFF87FE23FAAE69302A42" box="[460,550,1303,1328]" captionStart="FIGURE 12" captionStartId="20.[151,250,1096,1118]" captionTargetBox="[253,1335,197,1070]" captionTargetId="figure@20.[249,1338,193,1074]" captionTargetPageId="20" captionText="FIGURE 12. Paravelia ornata sp. nov. (A) Lateral view of first genital segment of male, (B) lateral view of genital capsule of male, (C) lateral view of paramere, (D) lateral view of female abdomen. Paravelia polhemusi sp. nov. (E) Lateral view of female abdomen, (F) ventral view of hind femur of female." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/285793/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">Fig. 12</figureCitation>
|
||
E).
|
||
<emphasis id="B916EABCFFFFFF87FDB9FAA1698C2A42" box="[598,666,1304,1328]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">Males</emphasis>
|
||
—with connexives horizontal to slightly elevated; apterous and brachypterous forms with six visible tergites (as in
|
||
<figureCitation id="13592A2BFFFFFF87FD38FA85683D2A26" box="[727,811,1340,1365]" captionStart="FIGURE 14" captionStartId="24.[151,250,1526,1548]" captionTargetBox="[257,1336,215,1486]" captionTargetId="figure@24.[244,1342,193,1504]" captionTargetPageId="24" captionText="FIGURE 14. Dorsal view, (A) Paravelia bullialata, (B) P. capillata, (C) P. capixaba (macropterous), (D) P. capixaba (apterous)." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/285795/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">Figs 14</figureCitation>
|
||
D, 18D); sternite VII sometimes bearing projections (as in
|
||
<figureCitation id="13592A2BFFFFFF87FF59FAE66A1E2A0A" box="[182,264,1375,1400]" captionStart="FIGURE 19" captionStartId="35.[151,250,1610,1632]" captionTargetBox="[283,1284,308,1583]" captionTargetId="figure@35.[279,1308,303,1587]" captionTargetPageId="35" captionText="FIGURE 19. Dorsal view, (A) Paravelia platensis (brachypterous), (B) P. spinifera, (C) P. williamsi, (D) ventral view of P. williamsi (arrow indicates the projections on sternite VII of male)." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/285800/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">Fig. 19</figureCitation>
|
||
D) or small lobes on posterior margin (as in
|
||
<figureCitation id="13592A2BFFFFFF87FCE2FAE668442A0A" box="[781,850,1375,1400]" captionStart="FIGURE 6" captionStartId="11.[151,250,997,1019]" captionTargetBox="[273,1315,201,972]" captionTargetId="figure@11.[266,1321,193,976]" captionTargetPageId="11" captionText="FIGURE 6. Paravelia bilobata sp. nov. First genital segment of male: (A) dorsal view, (B) lateral view, (C) ventral view. (D) Ventral view of male abdomen apex, (E) lateral view of genital capsule of male, (F) frontal view of projections on male proctiger. Paravelia bipunctata sp. nov. First genital segment of male, (G) dorsal view, (H) lateral view. (I) Lateral view of genital capsule of male." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/285787/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">Fig. 6</figureCitation>
|
||
D); proctiger with (as in
|
||
<figureCitation id="13592A2BFFFFFF87FB9CFAE66FDC2A0A" box="[1139,1226,1375,1400]" captionStart="FIGURE 20" captionStartId="36.[151,250,1978,2000]" captionTargetBox="[203,1383,582,1952]" captionTargetId="figure@36.[198,1389,577,1957]" captionTargetPageId="36" captionText="FIGURE 20. Lateral view of genital capsule of male, (A) P. nieseri, (B) P. platensis, paramere in posterior view, (C) P. recens, (D) P. rotundanotata, (E) P. spinifera, (F) P. splendoris, (G) P. williamsi." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/285801/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">Figs 20</figureCitation>
|
||
A,D,G) or without projections (as in
|
||
<figureCitation id="13592A2BFFFFFF87FE8DFA3D6AAF2AEE" box="[354,441,1412,1437]" captionStart="FIGURE 20" captionStartId="36.[151,250,1978,2000]" captionTargetBox="[203,1383,582,1952]" captionTargetId="figure@36.[198,1389,577,1957]" captionTargetPageId="36" captionText="FIGURE 20. Lateral view of genital capsule of male, (A) P. nieseri, (B) P. platensis, paramere in posterior view, (C) P. recens, (D) P. rotundanotata, (E) P. spinifera, (F) P. splendoris, (G) P. williamsi." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/285801/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">Figs 20</figureCitation>
|
||
C,F); parameres symmetrical, thin or wide, rich in setae or not.
|
||
<emphasis id="B916EABCFFFFFF87FB65FA3D6FFF2AEE" box="[1162,1257,1412,1436]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">Females</emphasis>
|
||
—with elevated connexives; apterous and brachypterous forms with seven visible tergites (as in
|
||
<figureCitation id="13592A2BFFFFFF87FBD1FA1E6F9E2AB2" box="[1086,1160,1447,1472]" captionStart="FIGURE 5" captionStartId="10.[151,250,1854,1876]" captionTargetBox="[297,1289,590,1830]" captionTargetId="figure@10.[293,1293,589,1833]" captionTargetPageId="10" captionText="FIGURE 5. Paravelia bipunctata sp. nov. (A) Dorsal view of micropterous male (holotype), (B) ventral view of micropterous male (holotype), (C) dorsal view of micropterous female (paratype), (D) dorsal view of macropterous female (paratype)." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/285786/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">Figs 5</figureCitation>
|
||
C, 13D), generally with connexives reflected over abdomen; proctiger and gonocoxae with or without small black denticles.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C3786525FFFFFF87FF28FA5669B028CA" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" type="discussion">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BDD36AEFFFFFF87FF28FA5669B028CA" blockId="3.[151,1437,151,2013]" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">
|
||
<emphasis id="B916EABCFFFFFF87FF28FA566A5A297A" bold="true" box="[199,332,1519,1544]" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">Discussion.</emphasis>
|
||
Very similar to the Palaearctic genus
|
||
<emphasis id="B916EABCFFFFFF87FD1CFA48683E297A" box="[755,808,1520,1544]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">Ve l i a</emphasis>
|
||
Latreille, 1804 and the South American genus
|
||
<emphasis id="B916EABCFFFFFF87FAD3FA496E8A297A" box="[1340,1436,1520,1544]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">Oiovelia</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFF34B5FFFFFFF87FF78F9AD6939295F" author="Drake" box="[151,559,1556,1581]" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" refString="Drake, C. J. & Maldonado-Capriles, J. (1952) Water-striders from Territorio Amazonas of Venezuela (Hemiptera: Hydrometridae, Veliidae). Great Basin Naturalist, 12, 47 - 54." type="journal article" year="1952">Drake & Maldonado-Capriles, 1952</bibRefCitation>
|
||
. In
|
||
<emphasis id="B916EABCFFFFFF87FDB7F9AC699B295E" box="[600,653,1556,1580]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">Ve l i a</emphasis>
|
||
the female proctiger covers the gonocoxae and genital opening; male hind femur bears two widely separated spines on inner surface; and the macropterous form has another median macula, in addition to the basal and apical maculae. In
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C624D2DFFFFFF87FCD1F9E568BA2906" box="[830,940,1628,1652]" class="Insecta" family="Veliidae" genus="Paravelia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B916EABCFFFFFF87FCD1F9E568BA2906" box="[830,940,1628,1652]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">Paravelia</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, the female proctiger does not cover the gonocoxae and genital opening; the spines of male hind femur, if present, are more than two and not widely separated; and the macropterous form usually has only a pair of basal maculae and an apical macula.
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C624D2DFFFFFF87FAC2F91D6E8D29CE" box="[1325,1435,1700,1724]" class="Insecta" family="Veliidae" genus="Paravelia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B916EABCFFFFFF87FAC2F91D6E8D29CE" box="[1325,1435,1700,1724]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">Paravelia</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
differs from
|
||
<emphasis id="B916EABCFFFFFF87FEC7F9716A9E2992" box="[296,392,1736,1760]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">Oiovelia</emphasis>
|
||
mainly by the shape of tarsomere III, being cylindrical and with parallel margins, whereas they are expanded and with divergent lateral margins in
|
||
<emphasis id="B916EABCFFFFFF87FCFEF95568672876" box="[785,881,1772,1796]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">Oiovelia</emphasis>
|
||
. In addition, the macropterous form in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C624D2DFFFFFF87FAC2F9556E8D2876" box="[1325,1435,1772,1796]" class="Insecta" family="Veliidae" genus="Paravelia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B916EABCFFFFFF87FAC2F9556E8D2876" box="[1325,1435,1772,1796]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">Paravelia</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
has a pair of basal maculae, and another apical macula on forewings, whereas in
|
||
<emphasis id="B916EABCFFFFFF87FB87F8A96FDF285A" box="[1128,1225,1808,1832]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">Oiovelia</emphasis>
|
||
the macropterous specimens have only a pair of basal maculae, with remainder of wing at most pruinose. Representatives of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C624D2DFFFFFF87FF78F8E16A102802" box="[151,262,1880,1904]" class="Insecta" family="Veliidae" genus="Paravelia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B916EABCFFFFFF87FF78F8E16A102802" box="[151,262,1880,1904]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">Paravelia</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
are frequently collected in low numbers, in lentic environments, like temporary pools, slow portions of streams, lakes, or even on water accumulated in bromeliad tanks; whereas the
|
||
<emphasis id="B916EABCFFFFFF87FBDBF8C56F8328E6" box="[1076,1173,1916,1940]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">Oiovelia</emphasis>
|
||
species are preferably inhabitants of foam masses formed on streams.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C3786525FFFFFF80FF28F87D6A572E16" lastPageId="4" lastPageNumber="5" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" type="diagnosis">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BDD36AEFFFFFF80FF28F87D6A572E16" blockId="3.[151,1437,151,2013]" lastBlockId="4.[151,1436,151,356]" lastPageId="4" lastPageNumber="5" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">
|
||
<emphasis id="B916EABCFFFFFF87FF28F87D6A5728AF" bold="true" box="[199,321,1988,2013]" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">Diagnosis.</emphasis>
|
||
The genus can be differentiated from other Neotropical
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C624D2DFFFFFF87FC50F87D6F0D28AF" box="[959,1051,1988,2013]" class="Insecta" family="Veliidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subFamily" subFamily="Veliinae">Veliinae</taxonomicName>
|
||
by the following set of characters (from
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFF34B5FFFF8FF80FF31FF2E6A9A2FC2" author="Andersen" box="[222,396,151,176]" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" refString="Andersen, N. M. (1982) The semiaquatic bugs (Hemiptera, Gerromorpha) phylogeny, adaptations, biogeography and classification. Entomonograph, 3, 1 - 455." type="journal article" year="1982">Andersen 1982</bibRefCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFF34B5FFFF8FF80FE76FF2E69C92FC2" author="Polhemus" box="[409,735,151,176]" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" refString="Polhemus, J. T. & Polhemus, D. A. (1993) Two new genera for New World Veliinae (Heteroptera: Veliidae). Journal of the New York Entomological Society, 101 (3), 391 - 398." type="journal article" year="1993">Polhemus & Polhemus 1993</bibRefCitation>
|
||
): middle and hind tarsi with setae-shaped arolia, and only two falcate claws; abdominal segments without transverse sulci; hind femora and connexival margin without stridulatory devices; metasternum without lateral tubercles; middle leg with tarsomere II usually 4–5 times longer than the length of tarsomere I, and tarsomere III of all legs subcylindrical, with parallel margins (as in
|
||
<figureCitation id="13592A2BFFF8FF80FAF6FEBD6E4C2E6E" box="[1305,1370,260,285]" captionStart="FIGURE 1" captionStartId="5.[151,250,1376,1398]" captionTargetBox="[317,1269,414,1351]" captionTargetId="figure@5.[316,1270,411,1351]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="FIGURE 1. Paravelia amapaensis sp. nov. Male holotype, (A) dorsal view, (B) ventral view, (C) lateral view." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/285782/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">Fig. 1</figureCitation>
|
||
); and macropterous form usually with a basal macula and another apical macula (as in
|
||
<figureCitation id="13592A2BFFF8FF80FBA7FE9E6F9B2E32" box="[1096,1165,295,320]" captionStart="FIGURE 1" captionStartId="5.[151,250,1376,1398]" captionTargetBox="[317,1269,414,1351]" captionTargetId="figure@5.[316,1270,411,1351]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="FIGURE 1. Paravelia amapaensis sp. nov. Male holotype, (A) dorsal view, (B) ventral view, (C) lateral view." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/285782/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">Figs 1</figureCitation>
|
||
A, 2A–B); body length 2.30–9.00 mm.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |