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<document id="6964C8EA116FBBBAD86ACE25AE97B43E" ID-DOI="10.5281/zenodo.11067355" ID-ISSN="0068-547X" ID-Zenodo-Dep="11067355" IM.bibliography_approvedBy="felipe" IM.illustrations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" IM.treatmentCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.treatments_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1714052343267" checkinUser="felipe" docAuthor="Kavanaugh, David H. &amp; Liang, Hongbin" docDate="2021" docId="03AF0B0CFF93FFEFFF9FFACDA204F9B2" docLanguage="en" docName="ProcCalifAcadSci.67.4.85-182.pdf" docOrigin="Proceedings of the California Academy of Sciences 67 (4)" docStyle="DocumentStyle:E411DA009AF5E7F9A7E023431E2B7D5B.1:ProcCalifAcadSci.2015-.journal_article" docStyleId="E411DA009AF5E7F9A7E023431E2B7D5B" docStyleName="ProcCalifAcadSci.2015-.journal_article" docStyleVersion="1" docTitle="Eobroscus bhutanensis Morvan 1982" docType="treatment" docVersion="2" lastPageNumber="175" masterDocId="FF967374FFDFFFB5FFE4FFCFA106FFEE" masterDocTitle="Inventory of the Carabid Beetle Fauna of the Gaoligong Mountains, Western Yunnan Province, China: Species of the Tribe Broscini (Coleoptera: Carabidae)." masterLastPageNumber="182" masterPageNumber="85" pageNumber="161" updateTime="1714052772053" updateUser="ExternalLinkService" zenodo-license-document="CC-BY-4.0">
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<mods:title id="FE69B78406ABEDE46653523264F2247D">Inventory of the Carabid Beetle Fauna of the Gaoligong Mountains, Western Yunnan Province, China: Species of the Tribe Broscini (Coleoptera: Carabidae).</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="728C3CF122167E24A2D9363E0A96C9F0">Kavanaugh, David H.</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation id="101A2F4E465AE13648F478DBDC0C8712">Department of Entomology, California Academy of Sciences, 55 Music Concourse Drive, Golden Gate Park, San Francisco, CA 94118, U. S. A.</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart id="7F53115CE2EF17D1D2F88CD61DD7F6A9">Liang, Hongbin</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation id="EEB8F062C3966F7BDDE738DF2E34EC8A">Key Laboratory of Zoological Systematics, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:title id="C0309A3D6B05301380925FDF317A6B27">Proceedings of the California Academy of Sciences</mods:title>
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<mods:date id="E2E1A6D7BD499306A8CCA3F3A36ABA84">2021</mods:date>
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<paragraph id="8BB9BA1AFF93FFF9FF9FFACDA34CFAF4" blockId="76.[123,1174,1282,1726]" box="[123,586,1282,1307]" pageId="76" pageNumber="161">
<heading id="D0F10D76FF93FFF9FF9FFACDA34CFAF4" box="[123,586,1282,1307]" fontSize="10" level="2" pageId="76" pageNumber="161" reason="7">
<emphasis id="B9726608FF93FFF9FF9FFACDA34CFAF4" bold="true" box="[123,586,1282,1307]" pageId="76" pageNumber="161">
15. 
<taxonomicName id="4C06C199FF93FFF9FF47FACDA34CFAF4" ID-CoL="6FJ24" authority="Morvan, 1982" authorityName="Morvan" authorityYear="1982" box="[163,586,1282,1307]" class="Insecta" family="Carabidae" genus="Eobroscus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="76" pageNumber="161" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="bhutanensis">
<emphasis id="B9726608FF93FFF9FF47FACDA0A5FAF4" bold="true" box="[163,419,1282,1306]" italics="true" pageId="76" pageNumber="161">Eobroscus bhutanensis</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="EF97C7EBFF93FFF9FE4FFACCA34CFAF4" author="Morvan, P." box="[427,586,1282,1307]" pageId="76" pageNumber="161" pagination="77 - 88" refId="ref54179" refString="Morvan, P. 1982. Quatre nouveaux Carabiques du Bhoutan (4 e note) (Coleoptera: Carabidae, Broscini, Pterostichini, Anchomenini. Entomologica Basiliensia 7: 77 - 88." type="journal article" year="1982">Morvan, 1982</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
</emphasis>
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</paragraph>
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<subSubSection id="C31CE991FF93FFF9FF9FFAECA094FAD7" box="[123,402,1315,1337]" pageId="76" pageNumber="161" type="description">
<paragraph id="8BB9BA1AFF93FFF9FF9FFAECA094FAD7" blockId="76.[123,1174,1282,1726]" box="[123,402,1315,1337]" pageId="76" pageNumber="161">
<figureCitation id="133DA69FFF93FFF9FF9FFAECA1E6FAD7" box="[123,224,1315,1337]" captionStart="FIGURE" captionStartId="8.[171,183,1513,1532]" captionTargetBox="[139,1176,224,1495]" captionTargetId="figure-55@8.[120,1176,216,1495]" captionTargetPageId="8" captionText="FIGURE 5. Forebody of broscine carabids, dorsal aspect. a. Eoboscus bhutanensis Morvan (CASENT1019340; Lishadi Township, Fugong County, Yunnan, China); b. Broscus punctatus (Dejean) (CASENT1011066; Heiwadi, Cikai Township, Gongshan County, Yunnan, China); c. Broscodera chukuai sp. nov. (CASENT1026168; NNE of Chukuai Lake, Bingzhongluo Township, Gongshan County, Yunnan, China); d. Broscodera gaoligongensis sp. nov. (CASENT1020104; South Fork of Yamu He, Lumadeng Township, Fugong County, Yunnan, China)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.11067361" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/11067361/files/figure.png" pageId="76" pageNumber="161">Figures 5a</figureCitation>
, 
<figureCitation id="133DA69FFF93FFF9FF09FAECA003FAD6" box="[237,261,1315,1336]" captionStart="FIGURE" captionStartId="77.[171,183,1560,1579]" captionTargetBox="[132,1168,216,1543]" captionTargetId="figure-67@77.[113,1169,216,1543]" captionTargetPageId="77" captionText="FIGURE 38. Eobroscus bhutanensis Morvan. a. Habitus (CASENT1019340; Lishadi Township, Fugong County, Yunnan, China), dorsal aspect, scale line = 1.0 mm; b. Map showing locality records (blue circles) for this species in the Gaoligong Shan region, scale line = 100 km." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.11067435" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/11067435/files/figure.png" pageId="76" pageNumber="161">38</figureCitation>
, 
<figureCitation id="133DA69FFF93FFF9FEF5FAECA02FFAD6" box="[273,297,1315,1336]" captionStart="FIGURE" captionStartId="78.[171,183,963,982]" captionTargetBox="[143,1148,228,937]" captionTargetId="figure-1506@78.[120,1176,216,952]" captionTargetPageId="78" captionText="FIGURE 39. Male genitalia, Eobroscus bhutanensis Morvan (CASENT1001452; Danzhu He drainage, Gongshan County, Yunnan, China). a. Right paramere, lateral aspect; b. Left paramere, lateral aspect; c. Median lobe, left lateral aspect; d. median lobe, ventral aspect; scale line = 1.0 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.11067437" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/11067437/files/figure.png" pageId="76" pageNumber="161">39</figureCitation>
, 
<figureCitation id="133DA69FFF93FFF9FED2FAECA048FAD6" box="[310,334,1315,1336]" captionStart="FIGURE" captionStartId="83.[171,183,1575,1594]" captionTargetBox="[197,1099,216,1560]" captionTargetId="figure-67@83.[197,1099,216,1560]" captionTargetPageId="83" captionText="FIGURE 43. Photographs of habitat for broscine species in the Gaoligong Shan region; a. Danzhu He drainage, 2840 m, 27.633°/98.604°, Cikai Township, Gongshan County, Yunnan (habitat for Broscosoma danzhuense sp. nov. and Eobroscus bhtanensis Morvan). Photo by David H. Kavanaugh." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.11067445" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/11067445/files/figure.png" pageId="76" pageNumber="161">43</figureCitation>
, 
<figureCitation id="133DA69FFF93FFF9FEBEFAECA094FAD7" box="[346,402,1315,1337]" captionStart-0="FIGURE" captionStart-1="FIGURE" captionStart-2="FIGURE" captionStart-3="FIGURE" captionStartId-0="87.[171,183,970,989]" captionStartId-1="88.[171,183,995,1014]" captionStartId-2="88.[184,196,1682,1701]" captionStartId-3="89.[171,183,1461,1480]" captionTargetBox-0="[120,1180,216,954]" captionTargetBox-1="[130,1164,233,969]" captionTargetBox-2="[130,1162,1063,1660]" captionTargetBox-3="[140,1154,249,1428]" captionTargetId-0="figure-67@87.[120,1180,216,954]" captionTargetId-1="figure-57@88.[120,1176,215,989]" captionTargetId-2="figure-332@88.[120,1176,1054,1668]" captionTargetId-3="figure-68@89.[120,1176,216,1448]" captionTargetPageId-0="87" captionTargetPageId-1="88" captionTargetPageId-2="88" captionTargetPageId-3="89" captionText-0="FIGURE 47. Map showing approximate known overall geographical distributions of broscine species occurring in the Gaoligong Shan region as well as outside the study area. a. Broscus punctatus (Dejean); b. Eobroscus bhutanensis Morvan; c. Broscosoma ribbei Putzeys; d. Broscosoma holomarginatum sp. nov. Modified from Wikimedia Commons, World Atlas of the World, at URL: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/8/8f/Whole_world_-_land_and_oceans_12000.jpg. Scale line = 500 k" captionText-1="FIGURE 48. Chart showing the representation of broscine species in project-designated Core Areas (see Fig. 3) in the Gaoligong Shan region." captionText-2="FIGURE 49. Chart illustrating the altitudinal ranges of broscine species represented in the Gaoligong Shan region. Green bars mark the elevational range recorded for each species." captionText-3="FIGURE 50. Chart illustrating the co-occurence (syntopy) of broscine species in samples from the same habitats and at the same sites in the Gaoligong Shan region. Incidents of syntopy marked in black represent confirmed co-occurrence, those marked in grey not confirmed by records but likely." figureDoi-0="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.11067453" figureDoi-1="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.11067455" figureDoi-2="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.11067457" figureDoi-3="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.11067459" httpUri-0="https://zenodo.org/record/11067453/files/figure.png" httpUri-1="https://zenodo.org/record/11067455/files/figure.png" httpUri-2="https://zenodo.org/record/11067457/files/figure.png" httpUri-3="https://zenodo.org/record/11067459/files/figure.png" pageId="76" pageNumber="161">47-50</figureCitation>
</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8BB9BA1AFF93FFF9FF9FFA87A593FAB3" blockId="76.[123,1174,1282,1726]" box="[123,1173,1352,1374]" pageId="76" pageNumber="161">
<treatmentCitationGroup id="AB169D34FF93FFF9FF9FFA87A593FAB3" box="[123,1173,1352,1374]" pageId="76" pageNumber="161">
<treatmentCitation id="0AA79C0BFF93FFF9FF9FFA87A303FAB3" author="Morvan, P." box="[123,517,1352,1373]" page="77" pageId="76" pageNumber="161" year="1982">
<taxonomicName id="4C06C199FF93FFF9FF9FFA87A303FAB3" ID-CoL="6FJ24" authority="Morvan, 1982: 77" authorityName="Morvan" authorityPageNumber="77" authorityYear="1982" box="[123,517,1352,1373]" class="Insecta" family="Carabidae" genus="Eobroscus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="76" pageNumber="161" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="bhutanensis">
<emphasis id="B9726608FF93FFF9FF9FFA87A05EFAB3" box="[123,344,1352,1373]" italics="true" pageId="76" pageNumber="161">Eobroscus bhutanensis</emphasis>
<materialsCitation id="3B6EB047FF93FFF9FEBAFA87A593FAB3" box="[350,1173,1352,1374]" collectionCode="NHMB" country="Bhutan" location="Bhutan" pageId="76" pageNumber="161" specimenCount="1" typeStatus="holotype">
<bibRefCitation id="EF97C7EBFF93FFF9FEBAFA87A303FAB3" author="Morvan, P." box="[350,517,1352,1373]" pageId="76" pageNumber="161" pagination="77 - 88" refId="ref54179" refString="Morvan, P. 1982. Quatre nouveaux Carabiques du Bhoutan (4 e note) (Coleoptera: Carabidae, Broscini, Pterostichini, Anchomenini. Entomologica Basiliensia 7: 77 - 88." type="journal article" year="1982">Morvan, 1982:77</bibRefCitation>
. 
<typeStatus id="54BD04B8FF93FFF9FDF5FA87A36CFAB0" box="[529,618,1352,1374]" pageId="76" pageNumber="161" type="holotype">Holotype</typeStatus>
, a male, deposited in 
<collectionCode id="ED1722DFFF93FFF9FCD8FA87A282FAB3" box="[828,900,1352,1373]" country="0" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/1d5a-4efs" name="Natural History Museum Bucharest" pageId="76" pageNumber="161">NHMB</collectionCode>
. Type locality: 
<collectingCountry id="F311FA8AFF93FFF9FBFFFA87A566FAB0" box="[1051,1120,1352,1374]" name="Bhutan" pageId="76" pageNumber="161">Bhutan</collectingCountry>
, near
</materialsCitation>
</taxonomicName>
</treatmentCitation>
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</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BB9BA1AFF93FFF9FF4FFAAAA00FFA94" blockId="76.[123,1174,1282,1726]" box="[171,265,1381,1403]" pageId="76" pageNumber="161">
<collectingRegion id="49C274F8FF93FFF9FF4FFAAAA005FA95" box="[171,259,1381,1403]" country="Bhutan" name="Thimphu" pageId="76" pageNumber="161">Thimphu</collectingRegion>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BB9BA1AFF93FFF9FF9FFA4DA593FA79" blockId="76.[123,1174,1282,1726]" box="[123,1173,1410,1432]" pageId="76" pageNumber="161">
<treatmentCitationGroup id="AB169D34FF93FFF9FF9FFA4DA593FA79" box="[123,1173,1410,1432]" pageId="76" pageNumber="161">
<treatmentCitation id="0AA79C0BFF93FFF9FF9FFA4DA0BFFA79" author="Morita, S." box="[123,441,1410,1432]" page="8" pageId="76" pageNumber="161" year="1995">
<taxonomicName id="4C06C199FF93FFF9FF9FFA4DA0BFFA79" ID-CoL="8LF64" authority="Morita, 1995: 8" authorityName="Morita" authorityPageNumber="8" authorityYear="1995" box="[123,441,1410,1432]" class="Insecta" family="Carabidae" genus="Eobroscus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="76" pageNumber="161" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="uenoi">
<emphasis id="B9726608FF93FFF9FF9FFA4DA01BFA76" box="[123,285,1410,1432]" italics="true" pageId="76" pageNumber="161">Eobroscus uenoi</emphasis>
<materialsCitation id="3B6EB047FF93FFF9FEC2FA4DA593FA79" box="[294,1173,1410,1432]" collectionCode="NSMT" country="Vietnam" location="Lao Cai" pageId="76" pageNumber="161" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Lao Cai" typeStatus="holotype">
<bibRefCitation id="EF97C7EBFF93FFF9FEC2FA4DA0BFFA79" author="Morita, S." box="[294,441,1410,1432]" pageId="76" pageNumber="161" pagination="7 - 11" refId="ref54141" refString="Morita, S. 1995. A new species of the genus Eobroscus (Coleoptera, Carabidae) from northern Vietnam. Bulletin of the Natural Sciences Museum (Series A) 21: 7 - 11." type="journal article" year="1995">Morita, 1995:8</bibRefCitation>
. 
<typeStatus id="54BD04B8FF93FFF9FE2CFA4DA327FA76" box="[456,545,1410,1432]" pageId="76" pageNumber="161" type="holotype">Holotype</typeStatus>
, a male, deposited in 
<collectionCode id="ED1722DFFF93FFF9FCE5FA4DA244FA79" box="[769,834,1410,1431]" country="Japan" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/f678-ci92" name="National Science Museum (Natural History)" pageId="76" pageNumber="161">NSMT</collectionCode>
. Type locality: 
<collectingCountry id="F311FA8AFF93FFF9FC04FA4DA537FA76" box="[992,1073,1410,1432]" name="Vietnam" pageId="76" pageNumber="161">Vietnam</collectingCountry>
, 
<collectingRegion id="49C274F8FF93FFF9FBA4FA4DA589FA76" box="[1088,1167,1410,1432]" country="Vietnam" name="Lao Cai" pageId="76" pageNumber="161">
<location id="8ED9ECC1FF93FFF9FBA4FA4DA589FA76" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03AF0B0CFF93FFEFFF9FFACDA204F9B2:8ED9ECC1FF93FFF9FBA4FA4DA589FA76" box="[1088,1167,1410,1432]" country="Vietnam" name="Lao Cai" pageId="76" pageNumber="161" stateProvince="Lao Cai">Lào Cai</location>
</collectingRegion>
,
</materialsCitation>
</taxonomicName>
</treatmentCitation>
</treatmentCitationGroup>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BB9BA1AFF93FFF9FF4FFA50A568FA5A" blockId="76.[123,1174,1282,1726]" box="[171,1134,1439,1461]" pageId="76" pageNumber="161">
Hoang Lien Son Moutains, N of Mt. Fan Si Pan, 
<quantity id="4CFE17FFFF93FFF9FD6CFA50A3D4FA5A" box="[648,722,1439,1460]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.8399999999999999" pageId="76" pageNumber="161" unit="m" value="1840.0">1840 m</quantity>
(synonymized by Schmidt et al. 2013:15).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C31CE991FF93FFEFFF4FFA0CA204F9B2" lastPageId="90" lastPageNumber="175" pageId="76" pageNumber="161" type="diagnosis">
<paragraph id="8BB9BA1AFF93FFF9FF4FFA0CA25CFA15" blockId="76.[123,1174,1282,1726]" pageId="76" pageNumber="161">
<emphasis id="B9726608FF93FFF9FF4FFA0CA019FA32" bold="true" box="[171,287,1475,1500]" pageId="76" pageNumber="161">Diagnosis.</emphasis>
<figureCitation id="133DA69FFF93FFF9FEC2FA0BA07BFA35" box="[294,381,1476,1500]" captionStart="FIGURE" captionStartId="77.[171,183,1560,1579]" captionTargetBox="[132,1168,216,1543]" captionTargetId="figure-67@77.[113,1169,216,1543]" captionTargetPageId="77" captionText="FIGURE 38. Eobroscus bhutanensis Morvan. a. Habitus (CASENT1019340; Lishadi Township, Fugong County, Yunnan, China), dorsal aspect, scale line = 1.0 mm; b. Map showing locality records (blue circles) for this species in the Gaoligong Shan region, scale line = 100 km." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.11067435" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/11067435/files/figure.png" pageId="76" pageNumber="161">Fig. 38a</figureCitation>
. Because 
<taxonomicName id="4C06C199FF93FFF9FE0EFA0BA381FA32" box="[490,647,1476,1500]" class="Insecta" family="Carabidae" genus="Eobroscus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="76" pageNumber="161" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="bhutanensis">
<emphasis id="B9726608FF93FFF9FE0EFA0BA381FA32" box="[490,647,1476,1500]" italics="true" pageId="76" pageNumber="161">E. bhutanensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is the only species of the genus in the region, the generic diagnosis serves also to distinguish members of this species.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BB9BA1AFF93FFF9FF4FF9CBA2A5F9B2" blockId="76.[123,1174,1282,1726]" pageId="76" pageNumber="161">
<emphasis id="B9726608FF93FFF9FF4FF9CBA09EF9F2" bold="true" box="[171,408,1540,1564]" pageId="76" pageNumber="161">Habitat distribution.</emphasis>
Within the study area, members of this species were collected mainly under large stones at the edges small streams (
<figureCitation id="133DA69FFF93FFF9FD8BF9EBA3BDF9D2" box="[623,699,1572,1596]" captionStart="FIGURE" captionStartId="83.[171,183,1575,1594]" captionTargetBox="[197,1099,216,1560]" captionTargetId="figure-67@83.[197,1099,216,1560]" captionTargetPageId="83" captionText="FIGURE 43. Photographs of habitat for broscine species in the Gaoligong Shan region; a. Danzhu He drainage, 2840 m, 27.633°/98.604°, Cikai Township, Gongshan County, Yunnan (habitat for Broscosoma danzhuense sp. nov. and Eobroscus bhtanensis Morvan). Photo by David H. Kavanaugh." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.11067445" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/11067445/files/figure.png" pageId="76" pageNumber="161">Fig. 43</figureCitation>
), however 
<specimenCount id="9D007193FF93FFF9FCD1F9EAA2CEF9D2" box="[821,968,1572,1596]" count="1" pageId="76" pageNumber="161" type="generic">one specimen</specimenCount>
was found under a stone along a roadcut though mixed broadleaf evergreen and conifer forest.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BB9BA1AFF93FFF9FF4FF9AAA241F973" blockId="76.[123,1174,1282,1726]" pageId="76" pageNumber="161">
Within the Gaoligong 
<collectingRegion id="49C274F8FF93FFF9FE72F9AAA310F993" box="[406,534,1637,1661]" country="Myanmar" name="Shan" pageId="76" pageNumber="161">Shan region</collectingRegion>
, this species occurs at moderate elevations, with our records documenting its occurrence in the 
<quantity id="4CFE17FFFF93FFF9FE0AF94AA39EF973" box="[494,664,1669,1693]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.8135" metricValueMax="3.1" metricValueMin="2.527" pageId="76" pageNumber="161" unit="m" value="2813.5" valueMax="3100.0" valueMin="2527.0">2527 to 3100 m</quantity>
range (
<figureCitation id="133DA69FFF93FFF9FD0FF94AA23EF973" box="[747,824,1669,1693]" captionStart="FIGURE" captionStartId="88.[184,196,1682,1701]" captionTargetBox="[130,1162,1063,1660]" captionTargetId="figure-332@88.[120,1176,1054,1668]" captionTargetPageId="88" captionText="FIGURE 49. Chart illustrating the altitudinal ranges of broscine species represented in the Gaoligong Shan region. Green bars mark the elevational range recorded for each species." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.11067457" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/11067457/files/figure.png" pageId="76" pageNumber="161">Fig. 49</figureCitation>
).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BB9BA1AFF93FFFBFF4FF96AA07BFA5F" blockId="76.[123,1174,1282,1726]" lastBlockId="78.[123,1174,1081,1714]" lastPageId="78" lastPageNumber="163" pageId="76" pageNumber="161">
<emphasis id="B9726608FF93FFF9FF4FF96AA218F950" bold="true" box="[171,798,1701,1726]" pageId="76" pageNumber="161">
Geographical distribution within the Gaoligong 
<materialsCitation id="3B6EB047FF93FFFBFD39F96AA382FBBF" lastPageId="78" lastPageNumber="163" location="We" pageId="76" pageNumber="161" specimenCount="18" specimenCount-female="2" specimenCount-male="7" stateProvince="Shan">
<collectingRegion id="49C274F8FF93FFF9FD39F96AA211F953" box="[733,791,1701,1725]" country="Myanmar" name="Shan" pageId="76" pageNumber="161">Shan</collectingRegion>
. 
<figureCitation id="133DA69FFF93FFF9FCC3F96AA285F953" box="[807,899,1701,1726]" captionStart="FIGURE" captionStartId="77.[171,183,1560,1579]" captionTargetBox="[132,1168,216,1543]" captionTargetId="figure-67@77.[113,1169,216,1543]" captionTargetPageId="77" captionText="FIGURE 38. Eobroscus bhutanensis Morvan. a. Habitus (CASENT1019340; Lishadi Township, Fugong County, Yunnan, China), dorsal aspect, scale line = 1.0 mm; b. Map showing locality records (blue circles) for this species in the Gaoligong Shan region, scale line = 100 km." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.11067435" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/11067435/files/figure.png" pageId="76" pageNumber="161">Fig. 38b</figureCitation>
. 
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examined a total of 
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(
<specimenCount id="9D007193FF91FFFBFED1FBF5A0BCFBBF" box="[309,442,1081,1105]" count="7" pageId="78" pageNumber="163" type="male">seven males</specimenCount>
and 
<specimenCount id="9D007193FF91FFFBFE11FBF5A37DFBBF" box="[501,635,1081,1105]" count="2" pageId="78" pageNumber="163" type="female">two females</specimenCount>
)
</materialsCitation>
</emphasis>
<materialsCitation id="3B6EB047FF91FFFBFD6AFBF6A0AEFB5F" collectingDate="2004-05-03" collectionCode="CAS" collectorName="D. H. Kavanaugh &amp; H. B. Liang &amp; C. E. Griswold" county="Fugong County" elevation="2763" location="Lishadi Township" pageId="78" pageNumber="163" specimenCount="1" specimenCount-male="1" stateProvince="Shan">
from the following localities: 
<emphasis id="B9726608FF91FFFBFC3FFBF5A593FBBF" bold="true" box="[987,1173,1081,1105]" pageId="78" pageNumber="163">
<emphasis id="B9726608FF91FFFBFC3FFBF5A58AFBBF" bold="true" box="[987,1164,1081,1105]" italics="true" pageId="78" pageNumber="163">
<collectingCounty id="62D8C296FF91FFFBFC3FFBF5A58AFBBF" box="[987,1164,1081,1105]" pageId="78" pageNumber="163">Fugong County</collectingCounty>
</emphasis>
:
</emphasis>
<location id="8ED9ECC1FF91FFFBFF9FFB96A044FB9F" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03AF0B0CFF93FFEFFF9FFACDA204F9B2:8ED9ECC1FF91FFFBFF9FFB96A044FB9F" box="[123,322,1113,1137]" county="Fugong County" name="Lishadi Township" pageId="78" pageNumber="163" stateProvince="Shan">Lishadi Township</location>
(2.0 to 4. 
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above Shibali on Shibali Road
</locationDeviation>
, 27.17262°/98.76943° to 27.17772°/98.75485°, 
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<elevation id="002B5D29FF91FFFBFE8AFBB6A0F8FB7F" box="[366,510,1145,1169]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.763" metricValueMax="2.826" metricValueMin="2.7" pageId="78" pageNumber="163" unit="m" value="2763.0" valueMax="2826.0" valueMin="2700.0">2700-2826 m</elevation>
</quantity>
, 
<date id="FFB89CDAFF91FFFBFDE8FBB6A388FB7F" box="[524,654,1145,1170]" pageId="78" pageNumber="163" value="2004-05-03">
<collectingDate id="EFFC6532FF91FFFBFDE8FBB6A388FB7F" box="[524,654,1145,1170]" pageId="78" pageNumber="163" value="2004-05-03">3 May 2004</collectingDate>
</date>
, 
<collectorName id="26F3DFCCFF91FFFBFD78FBB5A257FB7F" box="[668,849,1145,1169]" pageId="78" pageNumber="163">D.H. Kavanaugh</collectorName>
, 
<collectorName id="26F3DFCCFF91FFFBFCBBFBB5A2D1FB7F" box="[863,983,1145,1169]" pageId="78" pageNumber="163">H.B. Liang</collectorName>
&amp; 
<collectorName id="26F3DFCCFF91FFFBFC1FFBB6A593FB7F" box="[1019,1173,1145,1169]" pageId="78" pageNumber="163">C.E. Griswold</collectorName>
collectors [
<specimenCount id="9D007193FF91FFFBFF16FB55A052FB5F" box="[242,340,1177,1201]" count="1" pageId="78" pageNumber="163" type="male">one male</specimenCount>
; 
<collectionCode id="ED1722DFFF91FFFBFE86FB56A090FB5F" box="[354,406,1177,1201]" country="USA" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15690" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34700" name="California Academy of Sciences" pageId="78" pageNumber="163" type="Museum">CAS</collectionCode>
])
</materialsCitation>
. 
<materialsCitation id="3B6EB047FF91FFFBFE51FB56A07BFA5F" collectingDate="2000-06-30" collectingDateMax="2005-05-19" collectingDateMin="2000-06-30" collectionCode="IOZ, CAS" collectorName="H. B. Liang &amp; W. D. Ba &amp; Danzhu He &amp; D. H. Kavanaugh &amp; C. E. Griswold &amp; D. Ubick &amp; D. Z. Dong &amp; No. &amp; Yaojiaping He &amp; Pianma Road" county="Gongshan County" elevation="2600" location="Danzhu" municipality="Cikai Township" pageId="78" pageNumber="163" specimenCount="8" specimenCount-female="1" specimenCount-male="7" stateProvince="Shan">
<emphasis id="B9726608FF91FFFBFE51FB56A381FB5F" bold="true" box="[437,647,1177,1201]" pageId="78" pageNumber="163">
<emphasis id="B9726608FF91FFFBFE51FB56A378FB5F" bold="true" box="[437,638,1177,1201]" italics="true" pageId="78" pageNumber="163">
<collectingCounty id="62D8C296FF91FFFBFE51FB56A378FB5F" box="[437,638,1177,1201]" pageId="78" pageNumber="163">Gongshan County</collectingCounty>
</emphasis>
:
</emphasis>
<collectingMunicipality id="6BDD2060FF91FFFBFD6AFB56A231FB5F" box="[654,823,1177,1201]" pageId="78" pageNumber="163">Cikai Township</collectingMunicipality>
(
<location id="8ED9ECC1FF91FFFBFCA3FB56A29CFB5F" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03AF0B0CFF93FFEFFF9FFACDA204F9B2:8ED9ECC1FF91FFFBFCA3FB56A29CFB5F" box="[839,922,1177,1201]" county="Gongshan County" municipality="Cikai Township" name="Danzhu" pageId="78" pageNumber="163" stateProvince="Shan">Danzhu</location>
(27.63056°/98.62056°, 
<quantity id="4CFE17FFFF91FFFBFF9FFB76A1CDFB3F" box="[123,203,1209,1233]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.6" pageId="78" pageNumber="163" unit="m" value="2600.0">
<elevation id="002B5D29FF91FFFBFF9FFB76A1CDFB3F" box="[123,203,1209,1233]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.6" pageId="78" pageNumber="163" unit="m" value="2600.0">2600 m</elevation>
</quantity>
, 
<date id="FFB89CDAFF91FFFBFF3CFB76A06CFB3F" box="[216,362,1209,1233]" pageId="78" pageNumber="163" value="2002-04-14">
<collectingDate id="EFFC6532FF91FFFBFF3CFB76A06CFB3F" box="[216,362,1209,1233]" pageId="78" pageNumber="163" value="2002-04-14">14 April 2002</collectingDate>
</date>
, 
<collectorName id="26F3DFCCFF91FFFBFE93FB75A0E8FB3F" box="[375,494,1209,1233]" pageId="78" pageNumber="163">H.B. Liang</collectorName>
&amp; 
<collectorName id="26F3DFCCFF91FFFBFDEAFB75A36CFB3F" box="[526,618,1210,1233]" pageId="78" pageNumber="163">W.D. Ba</collectorName>
collectors [
<specimenCount id="9D007193FF91FFFBFD02FB75A241FB3F" box="[742,839,1209,1233]" count="1" pageId="78" pageNumber="163" type="male">one male</specimenCount>
; 
<collectionCode id="ED1722DFFF91FFFBFCB0FB76A286FB3F" box="[852,896,1209,1233]" pageId="78" pageNumber="163">IOZ</collectionCode>
]), (
<collectorName id="26F3DFCCFF91FFFBFC4CFB76A526FB3F" box="[936,1056,1209,1233]" pageId="78" pageNumber="163">Danzhu He</collectorName>
(13.5-13.8 airkm 
<locationDeviation id="9A0BA338FF91FFFBFF27FB16A05BFB1F" box="[195,349,1241,1265]" location="Cikai" pageId="78" pageNumber="163">SSW of Cikai</locationDeviation>
, 27.63267°/98.60861° to 27.63331°/98.60356°, 
<quantity id="4CFE17FFFF91FFFBFC8BFB16A504FB1F" box="[879,1026,1241,1265]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.78" metricValueMax="2.84" metricValueMin="2.7199999999999998" pageId="78" pageNumber="163" unit="m" value="2780.0" valueMax="2840.0" valueMin="2720.0">
<elevation id="002B5D29FF91FFFBFC8BFB16A504FB1F" box="[879,1026,1241,1265]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.78" metricValueMax="2.84" metricValueMin="2.7199999999999998" pageId="78" pageNumber="163" unit="m" value="2780.0" valueMax="2840.0" valueMin="2720.0">2720-2840 m</elevation>
</quantity>
, 
<date id="FFB89CDAFF91FFFBFBF6FB16A1E3FAFF" pageId="78" pageNumber="163" value="2000-06-30" valueMax="2000-07-05" valueMin="2000-06-30">
<collectingDate id="EFFC6532FF91FFFBFBF6FB16A1E3FAFF" pageId="78" pageNumber="163" value="2000-06-30" valueMax="2000-07-05" valueMin="2000-06-30">30 June – 5 July 2000</collectingDate>
</date>
, 
<collectorName id="26F3DFCCFF91FFFBFF10FB35A0ACFAFF" box="[244,426,1273,1297]" pageId="78" pageNumber="163">D.H. Kavanaugh</collectorName>
, 
<collectorName id="26F3DFCCFF91FFFBFE5DFB36A352FAFF" box="[441,596,1273,1297]" pageId="78" pageNumber="163">C.E. Griswold</collectorName>
, 
<collectorName id="26F3DFCCFF91FFFBFD80FB35A3DBFAFF" box="[612,733,1273,1297]" pageId="78" pageNumber="163">H.B. Liang</collectorName>
, 
<collectorName id="26F3DFCCFF91FFFBFD08FB35A249FAFF" box="[748,847,1273,1297]" pageId="78" pageNumber="163">D. Ubick</collectorName>
&amp; 
<collectorName id="26F3DFCCFF91FFFBFC91FB35A2ECFAFC" box="[885,1002,1274,1298]" pageId="78" pageNumber="163">D.Z. Dong</collectorName>
collectors [
<specimenCount id="9D007193FF91FFFBFB88FB36A1BFFADF" count="5" pageId="78" pageNumber="163" type="male">five males</specimenCount>
; 
<collectionCode id="ED1722DFFF91FFFBFF22FAD6A1FCFADF" box="[198,250,1305,1329]" country="USA" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15690" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34700" name="California Academy of Sciences" pageId="78" pageNumber="163" type="Museum">CAS</collectionCode>
, 
<collectionCode id="ED1722DFFF91FFFBFEE2FAD6A034FADF" box="[262,306,1305,1329]" pageId="78" pageNumber="163">IOZ</collectionCode>
]), (
<collectorName id="26F3DFCCFF91FFFBFEBEFAD5A087FADF" box="[346,385,1306,1329]" pageId="78" pageNumber="163">No.</collectorName>
12 
<location id="8ED9ECC1FF91FFFBFE43FAD6A361FADF" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03AF0B0CFF93FFEFFF9FFACDA204F9B2:8ED9ECC1FF91FFFBFE43FAD6A361FADF" box="[423,615,1305,1329]" county="Gongshan County" municipality="Cikai Township" name="Bridge Camp area" pageId="78" pageNumber="163" stateProvince="Shan">Bridge Camp area</location>
(16.3 airkm 
<locationDeviation id="9A0BA338FF91FFFBFD0AFAD5A265FADF" box="[750,867,1305,1329]" location="Cikai" pageId="78" pageNumber="163">W of Cikai</locationDeviation>
, 27.71503°/98.50244°, 
<quantity id="4CFE17FFFF91FFFBFB84FAD6A196FABF" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.775" pageId="78" pageNumber="163" unit="m" value="2775.0">
<elevation id="002B5D29FF91FFFBFB84FAD6A196FABF" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.775" pageId="78" pageNumber="163" unit="m" value="2775.0">2775 m</elevation>
</quantity>
, 
<date id="FFB89CDAFF91FFFBFF7AFAF6A04AFABF" box="[158,332,1337,1361]" pageId="78" pageNumber="163" value="2000-07-15" valueMax="2000-07-19" valueMin="2000-07-15">
<collectingDate id="EFFC6532FF91FFFBFF7AFAF6A04AFABF" box="[158,332,1337,1361]" pageId="78" pageNumber="163" value="2000-07-15" valueMax="2000-07-19" valueMin="2000-07-15">15-19 July 2000</collectingDate>
</date>
, 
<collectorName id="26F3DFCCFF91FFFBFEBEFAF5A309FABF" box="[346,527,1337,1361]" pageId="78" pageNumber="163">D.H. Kavanaugh</collectorName>
, 
<collectorName id="26F3DFCCFF91FFFBFDF9FAF6A3B1FABF" box="[541,695,1337,1361]" pageId="78" pageNumber="163">C.E. Griswold</collectorName>
, 
<collectorName id="26F3DFCCFF91FFFBFD22FAF5A23BFABF" box="[710,829,1337,1361]" pageId="78" pageNumber="163">H.B. Liang</collectorName>
, 
<collectorName id="26F3DFCCFF91FFFBFCA8FAF5A2A8FABF" box="[844,942,1337,1361]" pageId="78" pageNumber="163">D. Ubick</collectorName>
&amp; 
<collectorName id="26F3DFCCFF91FFFBFC36FAF5A543FABC" box="[978,1093,1338,1362]" pageId="78" pageNumber="163">D.Z. Dong</collectorName>
collectors [
<specimenCount id="9D007193FF91FFFBFF5CFA95A018FA9F" box="[184,286,1369,1393]" count="1" pageId="78" pageNumber="163" type="male">one male</specimenCount>
; 
<collectionCode id="ED1722DFFF91FFFBFED5FA96A063FA9F" box="[305,357,1369,1393]" country="USA" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15690" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34700" name="California Academy of Sciences" pageId="78" pageNumber="163" type="Museum">CAS</collectionCode>
]). 
<emphasis id="B9726608FF91FFFBFE6EFA96A33BFA9F" bold="true" box="[394,573,1369,1393]" pageId="78" pageNumber="163">
<emphasis id="B9726608FF91FFFBFE6EFA96A332FA9F" bold="true" box="[394,564,1369,1393]" italics="true" pageId="78" pageNumber="163">
<location id="8ED9ECC1FF91FFFBFE6EFA96A332FA9F" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03AF0B0CFF93FFEFFF9FFACDA204F9B2:8ED9ECC1FF91FFFBFE6EFA96A332FA9F" box="[394,564,1369,1393]" county="Gongshan County" municipality="Cikai Township" name="Lushui County" pageId="78" pageNumber="163" stateProvince="Shan">Lushui County</location>
</emphasis>
:
</emphasis>
<location id="8ED9ECC1FF91FFFBFDADFA96A21DFA9F" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03AF0B0CFF93FFEFFF9FFACDA204F9B2:8ED9ECC1FF91FFFBFDADFA96A21DFA9F" box="[585,795,1369,1393]" county="Gongshan County" municipality="Cikai Township" name="Luzhang Township" pageId="78" pageNumber="163" stateProvince="Shan">Luzhang Township</location>
(
<collectorName id="26F3DFCCFF91FFFBFCD4FA96A2C9FA9F" box="[816,975,1369,1393]" pageId="78" pageNumber="163">Yaojiaping He</collectorName>
at 
<collectorName id="26F3DFCCFF91FFFBFC1EFA96A588FA9F" box="[1018,1166,1369,1393]" pageId="78" pageNumber="163">Pianma Road</collectorName>
, 25.97722°/98.71091°, 
<quantity id="4CFE17FFFF91FFFBFE8AFAB6A0C7FA7F" box="[366,449,1401,1425]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.527" pageId="78" pageNumber="163" unit="m" value="2527.0">
<elevation id="002B5D29FF91FFFBFE8AFAB6A0C7FA7F" box="[366,449,1401,1425]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.527" pageId="78" pageNumber="163" unit="m" value="2527.0">2527 m</elevation>
</quantity>
, 
<date id="FFB89CDAFF91FFFBFE2BFAB6A366FA7F" box="[463,608,1401,1426]" pageId="78" pageNumber="163" value="2005-05-19">
<collectingDate id="EFFC6532FF91FFFBFE2BFAB6A366FA7F" box="[463,608,1401,1426]" pageId="78" pageNumber="163" value="2005-05-19">19 May 2005</collectingDate>
</date>
, 
<collectorName id="26F3DFCCFF91FFFBFD8BFAB5A222FA7F" box="[623,804,1401,1425]" pageId="78" pageNumber="163">D.H. Kavanaugh</collectorName>
, 
<collectorName id="26F3DFCCFF91FFFBFCD7FAB5A2ADFA7F" box="[819,939,1401,1425]" pageId="78" pageNumber="163">H.B. Liang</collectorName>
&amp; 
<collectorName id="26F3DFCCFF91FFFBFC34FAB5A542FA7C" box="[976,1092,1402,1426]" pageId="78" pageNumber="163">D.Z. Dong</collectorName>
collectors [
<specimenCount id="9D007193FF91FFFBFF57FA55A02CFA5F" box="[179,298,1433,1457]" count="1" pageId="78" pageNumber="163" type="female">one female</specimenCount>
; 
<collectionCode id="ED1722DFFF91FFFBFEDCFA56A062FA5F" box="[312,356,1433,1457]" pageId="78" pageNumber="163">IOZ</collectionCode>
]).
</materialsCitation>
</paragraph>
<caption id="DF79EA92FF92FFF8FF4FF9D7A0FDF9B0" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.11067435" ID-Zenodo-Dep="11067435" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/11067435/files/figure.png" pageId="77" pageNumber="162" startId="77.[171,183,1560,1579]" targetBox="[132,1168,216,1543]" targetPageId="77" targetType="figure">
<paragraph id="8BB9BA1AFF92FFF8FF4FF9D7A0FDF9B0" blockId="77.[123,1174,1559,1630]" pageId="77" pageNumber="162">
<smallCapsWord id="8D5F2CC6FF92FFF8FF4FF9D7A1EEF9C7" baselines="1574,1573" box="[171,232,1560,1579]" lowerCaseFontSize="6" mainFontSize="8" normCase="title" normString="Figure" pageId="77" pageNumber="162">FIGURE</smallCapsWord>
38. 
<taxonomicName id="4C06C199FF92FFF8FEEAF9D8A324F9C5" authority="Morvan." authorityName="Morvan." box="[270,546,1559,1579]" class="Insecta" family="Carabidae" genus="Eobroscus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="77" pageNumber="162" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="bhutanensis">
<emphasis id="B9726608FF92FFF8FEEAF9D8A0D2F9C4" box="[270,468,1559,1578]" italics="true" pageId="77" pageNumber="162">Eobroscus bhutanensis</emphasis>
Morvan.
</taxonomicName>
a. Habitus (CASENT1019340; Lishadi Township, Fugong County, Yunnan, China), dorsal aspect, scale line = 1.0 mm; b. Map showing locality records (blue circles) for this species in the Gaoligong Shan region, scale line = 100 km.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<caption id="DF79EA92FF91FFFBFF4FFC0CA371FBE4" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.11067437" ID-Zenodo-Dep="11067437" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/11067437/files/figure.png" pageId="78" pageNumber="163" startId="78.[171,183,963,982]" targetBox="[143,1148,228,937]" targetPageId="78" targetType="figure">
<paragraph id="8BB9BA1AFF91FFFBFF4FFC0CA371FBE4" blockId="78.[123,1174,963,1034]" pageId="78" pageNumber="163">
<smallCapsWord id="8D5F2CC6FF91FFFBFF4FFC0CA1EEFC3B" baselines="977,977" box="[171,232,963,982]" lowerCaseFontSize="6" mainFontSize="8" normCase="title" normString="Figure" pageId="78" pageNumber="163">FIGURE</smallCapsWord>
39. Male genitalia, 
<taxonomicName id="4C06C199FF91FFFBFE40FC0CA3BCFC38" authority="Morvan" authorityName="Morvan" box="[420,698,963,982]" class="Insecta" family="Carabidae" genus="Eobroscus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="78" pageNumber="163" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="bhutanensis">
<emphasis id="B9726608FF91FFFBFE40FC0CA36AFC38" box="[420,620,963,982]" italics="true" pageId="78" pageNumber="163">Eobroscus bhutanensis</emphasis>
Morvan
</taxonomicName>
(CASENT1001452; Danzhu He drainage, Gongshan County, Yunnan, China). a. Right paramere, lateral aspect; b. Left paramere, lateral aspect; c. Median lobe, left lateral aspect; d. median lobe, ventral aspect; scale line = 1.0 mm.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<paragraph id="8BB9BA1AFF91FFFBFF4FFA76A2D3F9DF" blockId="78.[123,1174,1081,1714]" pageId="78" pageNumber="163">
Members of this species were collected only in the northern two-thirds of the study area, in Core Areas 2, 3 and 5 (
<figureCitation id="133DA69FFF91FFFBFE91FA16A0C4FA1F" box="[373,450,1497,1521]" captionStart="FIGURE" captionStartId="88.[171,183,995,1014]" captionTargetBox="[130,1164,233,969]" captionTargetId="figure-57@88.[120,1176,215,989]" captionTargetPageId="88" captionText="FIGURE 48. Chart showing the representation of broscine species in project-designated Core Areas (see Fig. 3) in the Gaoligong Shan region." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.11067455" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/11067455/files/figure.png" pageId="78" pageNumber="163">Fig. 48</figureCitation>
), and only on the eastern side of the mountain range. However, the relatively broad geographical range of this species overall (see below) suggests that it probably occurs in the other cores areas as well but has not yet been recorded from them.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BB9BA1AFF91FFFBFF4FF9F6A3C6F95F" blockId="78.[123,1174,1081,1714]" pageId="78" pageNumber="163">
<emphasis id="B9726608FF91FFFBFF4FF9F6A330F9BF" bold="true" box="[171,566,1593,1617]" pageId="78" pageNumber="163">Overall geographical distribution.</emphasis>
<materialsCitation id="3B6EB047FF91FFFBFDA4F9F6A3BFF95C" country="Bhutan" location="Gansu, Shaanxi, Sichuan, Xizang" pageId="78" pageNumber="163" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Gansu, Shaanxi, Sichuan, Xizang">
<figureCitation id="133DA69FFF91FFFBFDA4F9F6A396F9BF" box="[576,656,1593,1617]" captionStart="FIGURE" captionStartId="87.[171,183,970,989]" captionTargetBox="[120,1180,216,954]" captionTargetId="figure-67@87.[120,1180,216,954]" captionTargetPageId="87" captionText="FIGURE 47. Map showing approximate known overall geographical distributions of broscine species occurring in the Gaoligong Shan region as well as outside the study area. a. Broscus punctatus (Dejean); b. Eobroscus bhutanensis Morvan; c. Broscosoma ribbei Putzeys; d. Broscosoma holomarginatum sp. nov. Modified from Wikimedia Commons, World Atlas of the World, at URL: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/8/8f/Whole_world_-_land_and_oceans_12000.jpg. Scale line = 500 k" figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.11067453" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/11067453/files/figure.png" pageId="78" pageNumber="163">Fig. 47</figureCitation>
. This species has been recorded from 
<collectingCountry id="F311FA8AFF91FFFBFBA6F9F6A589F9BF" box="[1090,1167,1593,1617]" name="Bhutan" pageId="78" pageNumber="163">Bhutan</collectingCountry>
, 
<collectingCountry id="F311FA8AFF91FFFBFF9FF996A1BDF99F" box="[123,187,1625,1649]" name="China" pageId="78" pageNumber="163">China</collectingCountry>
(
<collectingRegion id="49C274F8FF91FFFBFF2FF996A333F99F" box="[203,565,1625,1649]" isEnumeration="true" pageId="78" pageNumber="163">Gansu, Shaanxi, Sichuan, Xizang</collectingRegion>
(
<collectingRegion id="49C274F8FF91FFFBFDA2F996A37BF99F" box="[582,637,1625,1649]" country="China" name="Xizang" pageId="78" pageNumber="163">Tibet</collectingRegion>
), 
<collectingRegion id="49C274F8FF91FFFBFD70F995A3E3F99F" box="[660,741,1626,1649]" country="China" name="Yunnan" pageId="78" pageNumber="163">Yunnan</collectingRegion>
), 
<collectingCountry id="F311FA8AFF91FFFBFD19F996A232F99F" box="[765,820,1625,1649]" name="India" pageId="78" pageNumber="163">India</collectingCountry>
(
<collectingRegion id="49C274F8FF91FFFBFCA1F996A516F99F" box="[837,1040,1625,1649]" country="India" name="Arunachal Pradesh" pageId="78" pageNumber="163">Arunachal Pradesh</collectingRegion>
), 
<collectingCountry id="F311FA8AFF91FFFBFBCCF995A589F99C" box="[1064,1167,1626,1650]" name="Myanmar" pageId="78" pageNumber="163">Myanmar</collectingCountry>
, 
<collectingCountry id="F311FA8AFF91FFFBFF9FF9B6A1BDF97F" box="[123,187,1657,1681]" name="Nepal" pageId="78" pageNumber="163">Nepal</collectingCountry>
, and northern 
<collectingCountry id="F311FA8AFF91FFFBFE85F9B6A0BDF97F" box="[353,443,1657,1681]" name="Vietnam" pageId="78" pageNumber="163">Vietnam</collectingCountry>
. Its occurrence in the study area is near the midpoint of both its known east/west and north/south geographical ranges
</materialsCitation>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BB9BA1AFF90FFFAFF4FFF14A070FE01" blockId="79.[123,1174,219,567]" pageId="79" pageNumber="164">
<emphasis id="B9726608FF90FFFAFF4FFF14A234FF1D" bold="true" box="[171,818,219,243]" pageId="79" pageNumber="164">
Geographical relationships with other 
<taxonomicName id="4C06C199FF90FFFAFD86FF14A234FF1D" box="[610,818,219,243]" class="Insecta" family="Carabidae" genus="Eobroscus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="79" pageNumber="164" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="undetermined">
<emphasis id="B9726608FF90FFFAFD86FF14A3D0FF1D" bold="true" box="[610,726,219,243]" italics="true" pageId="79" pageNumber="164">Eobroscus</emphasis>
species.
</taxonomicName>
</emphasis>
Representatives of neither of the other 
<taxonomicName id="4C06C199FF90FFFAFF5FFF30A084FEF9" box="[187,386,255,279]" pageId="79" pageNumber="164">
<emphasis id="B9726608FF90FFFAFF5FFF30A02DFEF9" box="[187,299,255,279]" italics="true" pageId="79" pageNumber="164">Eobroscus</emphasis>
species
</taxonomicName>
have been recorded from within the study area or from any other area where 
<taxonomicName id="4C06C199FF90FFFAFF21FEEBA063FED5" box="[197,357,291,315]" class="Insecta" family="Carabidae" genus="Eobroscus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="79" pageNumber="164" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="bhutanensis">
<emphasis id="B9726608FF90FFFAFF21FEEBA063FED5" box="[197,357,291,315]" italics="true" pageId="79" pageNumber="164">E. bhutanensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
has been found with one exception. A single specimen of 
<taxonomicName id="4C06C199FF90FFFAFC16FEEBA568FED5" baseAuthorityName="Roubal" baseAuthorityYear="1928" box="[1010,1134,291,315]" class="Insecta" family="Carabidae" genus="Eobroscus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="79" pageNumber="164" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="lutshniki">
<emphasis id="B9726608FF90FFFAFC16FEEBA568FED5" box="[1010,1134,291,315]" italics="true" pageId="79" pageNumber="164">E. lutshniki</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(in 
<collectionCode id="ED1722DFFF90FFFAFF9FFE88A1A1FEB1" box="[123,167,327,351]" pageId="79" pageNumber="164">IOZ</collectionCode>
) that we examined is labeled [in Chinese characters] as from Lazikou, 
<collectingRegion id="49C274F8FF90FFFAFC7DFE88A544FEB1" box="[921,1090,327,351]" country="China" name="Gansu" pageId="79" pageNumber="164">Gansu Province</collectingRegion>
, 
<collectingCountry id="F311FA8AFF90FFFAFBABFE88A589FEB1" box="[1103,1167,327,351]" name="China" pageId="79" pageNumber="164">China</collectingCountry>
, an area about 
<quantity id="4CFE17FFFF90FFFAFEFDFEA4A07CFE6D" box="[281,378,363,387]" metricMagnitude="6" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.5" pageId="79" pageNumber="164" unit="km" value="2500.0">2500 km</quantity>
SW of the nearest verified localities for that species. A specimen of 
<taxonomicName id="4C06C199FF90FFFAFB9AFEA3A1F6FE49" authorityName="Morvan" authorityYear="1982" class="Insecta" family="Carabidae" genus="Eobroscus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="79" pageNumber="164" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="bhutanensi">
<emphasis id="B9726608FF90FFFAFB9AFEA3A1F6FE49" italics="true" pageId="79" pageNumber="164">E. bhutanensi</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
s (also in 
<collectionCode id="ED1722DFFF90FFFAFEB2FE40A084FE49" box="[342,386,399,423]" pageId="79" pageNumber="164">IOZ</collectionCode>
) bears the same locality label. It is most likely that the specimen of 
<taxonomicName id="4C06C199FF90FFFAFBB7FE5FA1BDFE25" baseAuthorityName="Roubal" baseAuthorityYear="1928" class="Insecta" family="Carabidae" genus="Eobroscus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="79" pageNumber="164" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="lutshniki">
<emphasis id="B9726608FF90FFFAFBB7FE5FA1BDFE25" italics="true" pageId="79" pageNumber="164">E. lutshniki</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
was mislabeled; but if not, then this would represent the only known instance of sympatry of species in the genus.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BB9BA1AFF90FFFAFF4FFE34A23BFDD9" blockId="79.[123,1174,219,567]" pageId="79" pageNumber="164">
Within the study area, 
<taxonomicName id="4C06C199FF90FFFAFE7FFE33A331FDFD" box="[411,567,507,531]" class="Insecta" family="Carabidae" genus="Eobroscus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="79" pageNumber="164" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="bhutanensis">
<emphasis id="B9726608FF90FFFAFE7FFE33A331FDFD" box="[411,567,507,531]" italics="true" pageId="79" pageNumber="164">E. bhutanensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
has been found in the same area and habitat as two other broscine species, 
<taxonomicName id="4C06C199FF90FFFAFED3FDEFA338FDD9" authorityName="Kavanaugh &amp; Liang" authorityYear="2021" box="[311,574,543,567]" class="Insecta" family="Carabidae" genus="Broscosoma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="79" pageNumber="164" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="danzhuense">
<emphasis id="B9726608FF90FFFAFED3FDEFA338FDD9" box="[311,574,543,567]" italics="true" pageId="79" pageNumber="164">Broscosoma danzhuense</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and 
<taxonomicName id="4C06C199FF90FFFAFD97FDEFA3D7FDD9" authorityName="Putzeys. We" authorityYear="1877" box="[627,721,543,567]" class="Insecta" family="Carabidae" genus="Broscosoma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="79" pageNumber="164" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="ribbei">
<emphasis id="B9726608FF90FFFAFD97FDEFA3D7FDD9" box="[627,721,543,567]" italics="true" pageId="79" pageNumber="164">B. ribbei</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(
<figureCitation id="133DA69FFF90FFFAFD05FDD0A228FDD9" box="[737,814,543,567]" captionStart="FIGURE" captionStartId="89.[171,183,1461,1480]" captionTargetBox="[140,1154,249,1428]" captionTargetId="figure-68@89.[120,1176,216,1448]" captionTargetPageId="89" captionText="FIGURE 50. Chart illustrating the co-occurence (syntopy) of broscine species in samples from the same habitats and at the same sites in the Gaoligong Shan region. Incidents of syntopy marked in black represent confirmed co-occurrence, those marked in grey not confirmed by records but likely." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.11067459" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/11067459/files/figure.png" pageId="79" pageNumber="164">Fig. 50</figureCitation>
).
</paragraph>
<caption id="DF79EA92FF8FFFE5FF4FF9E4A3C5F94A" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.11067439" ID-Zenodo-Dep="11067439" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/11067439/files/figure.png" pageId="80" pageNumber="165" startId="80.[171,183,1579,1598]" targetBox="[127,1170,216,1566]" targetPageId="80" targetType="figure">
<paragraph id="8BB9BA1AFF8FFFE5FF4FF9E4A3C5F94A" blockId="80.[123,1174,1578,1700]" pageId="80" pageNumber="165">
<smallCapsWord id="8D5F2CC6FF8FFFE5FF4FF9E4A1EEF9D2" baselines="1593,1592" box="[171,232,1579,1598]" lowerCaseFontSize="6" mainFontSize="8" normCase="title" normString="Figure" pageId="80" pageNumber="165">FIGURE</smallCapsWord>
40. Photographs of habitats for broscine species in the Gaoligong Shan region. a. SW slope of Kawakarpu Shan on slope NE of Chukuai Lake, 3950 m, 27.982°/098.480°, Bingzhongluo Township, Gongshan County, Yunnan (habitat for 
<taxonomicName id="4C06C199FF8FFFE5FF57F992A06CF99E" authority="Kavanaugh &amp; Liang, 2021" authorityName="Kavanaugh &amp; Liang" authorityYear="2021" box="[179,362,1629,1648]" class="Insecta" family="Carabidae" genus="Brosocodera" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="80" pageNumber="165" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="chukuai" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="B9726608FF8FFFE5FF57F992A06CF99E" box="[179,362,1629,1648]" italics="true" pageId="80" pageNumber="165">Brosocodera chukuai</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A241DB73FF8FFFE5FE8BF991A0B6F99F" box="[367,432,1630,1649]" pageId="80" pageNumber="165" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
); b. Second cirque S of Shibali Yakou at border post “31”, 3710 m, 27.203°/098.693°, Lumadeng Township, Fugong County, Yunnan (habitat for 
<taxonomicName id="4C06C199FF8FFFE5FD97F9B8A22FF964" authority="Kavanaugh &amp; Liang, 2021" authorityName="Kavanaugh &amp; Liang" authorityYear="2021" box="[627,809,1655,1674]" class="Insecta" family="Carabidae" genus="Brosocodera" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="80" pageNumber="165" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="chukuai" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="B9726608FF8FFFE5FD97F9B8A22FF964" box="[627,809,1655,1674]" italics="true" pageId="80" pageNumber="165">Brosocodera chukuai</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A241DB73FF8FFFE5FCCAF9B8A269F964" box="[814,879,1655,1674]" pageId="80" pageNumber="165" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
, 
<taxonomicName id="4C06C199FF8FFFE5FC9EF9B7A522F964" authority="Kavanaugh &amp; Liang, 2021" authorityName="Kavanaugh &amp; Liang" authorityYear="2021" box="[890,1060,1655,1674]" class="Insecta" family="Carabidae" genus="Broscosoma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="80" pageNumber="165" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="furvum" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="B9726608FF8FFFE5FC9EF9B7A522F964" box="[890,1060,1655,1674]" italics="true" pageId="80" pageNumber="165">Broscosoma furvum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A241DB73FF8FFFE5FBCEF9B8A56AF964" box="[1066,1132,1655,1674]" pageId="80" pageNumber="165" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
, and 
<taxonomicName id="4C06C199FF8FFFE5FF9FF95EA055F94D" authority="Kavanaugh &amp; Liang, 2021" authorityName="Kavanaugh &amp; Liang" authorityYear="2021" box="[123,339,1680,1699]" class="Insecta" family="Carabidae" genus="Broscosoma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="80" pageNumber="165" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="viridicollare" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="B9726608FF8FFFE5FF9FF95EA055F94D" box="[123,339,1680,1699]" italics="true" pageId="80" pageNumber="165">Broscosoma viridicollare</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A241DB73FF8FFFE5FEBDF95EA09DF94A" box="[345,411,1681,1700]" pageId="80" pageNumber="165" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
). Photos by David H. Kavanaugh.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<caption id="DF79EA92FF8EFFE4FF4FF9FDA2EFF97F" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.11067441" ID-Zenodo-Dep="11067441" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/11067441/files/figure.png" pageId="81" pageNumber="166" startId="81.[171,183,1586,1605]" targetBox="[125,1171,216,1569]" targetPageId="81" targetType="figure">
<paragraph id="8BB9BA1AFF8EFFE4FF4FF9FDA2EFF97F" blockId="81.[123,1174,1585,1681]" pageId="81" pageNumber="166">
<smallCapsWord id="8D5F2CC6FF8EFFE4FF4FF9FDA1EEF9AD" baselines="1600,1599" box="[171,232,1586,1605]" lowerCaseFontSize="6" mainFontSize="8" normCase="title" normString="Figure" pageId="81" pageNumber="166">FIGURE</smallCapsWord>
41. Photographs of habitats for broscine species in the Gaoligong Shan region. a. 1.3 km E of Lao Shibali, South Fork of Yamu He, 2250 m, 27.082°/98.787°, Lumadeng Township, Fugong County, Yunnan (habitat for 
<taxonomicName id="4C06C199FF8EFFE4FBD0F984A011F999" authority="Kavanaugh &amp; Liang, 2021" authorityName="Kavanaugh &amp; Liang" authorityYear="2021" class="Insecta" family="Carabidae" genus="Brosocodera" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="81" pageNumber="166" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="gaoligongensis" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="B9726608FF8EFFE4FBD0F984A011F999" italics="true" pageId="81" pageNumber="166">Brosocodera gaoligongensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A241DB73FF8EFFE4FEC4F9AAA063F996" box="[288,357,1637,1656]" pageId="81" pageNumber="166" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
; b. Danzhu He drainage, 2700 m, 27.631°/98.621°, Gongshan County, Yunnan (habitat for 
<taxonomicName id="4C06C199FF8EFFE4FF9FF9B1A062F97F" authority="Kavanaugh &amp; Liang, 2021" authorityName="Kavanaugh &amp; Liang" authorityYear="2021" box="[123,356,1662,1681]" class="Insecta" family="Carabidae" genus="Broscodera" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="81" pageNumber="166" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="gaoligongensis" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="B9726608FF8EFFE4FF9FF9B1A062F97F" box="[123,356,1662,1681]" italics="true" pageId="81" pageNumber="166">Broscodera gaoligongensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A241DB73FF8EFFE4FE8EF9B1A0AAF97F" box="[362,428,1662,1681]" pageId="81" pageNumber="166" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
and 
<taxonomicName id="4C06C199FF8EFFE4FE33F9B0A3C6F97F" authority="Putzeys" authorityName="Putzeys. We" authorityYear="1877" box="[471,704,1662,1681]" class="Insecta" family="Carabidae" genus="Broscosoma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="81" pageNumber="166" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="ribbei">
<emphasis id="B9726608FF8EFFE4FE33F9B0A37FF97F" box="[471,633,1662,1681]" italics="true" pageId="81" pageNumber="166">Broscosoma ribbei</emphasis>
Putzeys
</taxonomicName>
). Photos by David H. Kavanaugh.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<caption id="DF79EA92FF8DFFE7FF4FF9FEA269F97F" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.11067443" ID-Zenodo-Dep="11067443" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/11067443/files/figure.png" pageId="82" pageNumber="167" startId="82.[171,183,1585,1604]" targetBox="[128,1169,216,1568]" targetPageId="82" targetType="figure">
<paragraph id="8BB9BA1AFF8DFFE7FF4FF9FEA269F97F" blockId="82.[123,1174,1585,1681]" pageId="82" pageNumber="167">
<smallCapsWord id="8D5F2CC6FF8DFFE7FF4FF9FEA1EEF9AD" baselines="1599,1599" box="[171,232,1585,1604]" lowerCaseFontSize="6" mainFontSize="8" normCase="title" normString="Figure" pageId="82" pageNumber="167">FIGURE</smallCapsWord>
42. Photographs of habitats for 
<taxonomicName id="4C06C199FF8DFFE7FE13F9FDA3A4F9AA" box="[503,674,1585,1604]" pageId="82" pageNumber="167">
<emphasis id="B9726608FF8DFFE7FE13F9FDA366F9AA" box="[503,608,1586,1604]" italics="true" pageId="82" pageNumber="167">Broscosoma</emphasis>
species
</taxonomicName>
in the Gaoligong Shan region. a. Dulong/Gongshan Yakou area, 3300-3680m, 27.697º/098.454º, Gongshan County, Yunnan (habitat for 
<taxonomicName id="4C06C199FF8DFFE7FCECF984A2D8F9B3" authority="Kavanaugh &amp; Liang, 2021" authorityName="Kavanaugh &amp; Liang" authorityYear="2021" box="[776,990,1610,1629]" class="Insecta" family="Carabidae" genus="Broscosoma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="82" pageNumber="167" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="bicoloratum" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="B9726608FF8DFFE7FCECF984A2D8F9B3" box="[776,990,1610,1629]" italics="true" pageId="82" pageNumber="167">Broscosoma bicoloratum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A241DB73FF8DFFE7FC07F984A522F9B0" box="[995,1060,1611,1630]" pageId="82" pageNumber="167" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
and 
<taxonomicName id="4C06C199FF8DFFE7FBA8F984A1CFF999" authority="Kavanaugh &amp; Liang, 2021" authorityName="Kavanaugh &amp; Liang" authorityYear="2021" class="Insecta" family="Carabidae" genus="Broscosoma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="82" pageNumber="167" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="gongshanense" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="B9726608FF8DFFE7FBA8F984A1CFF999" italics="true" pageId="82" pageNumber="167">B. gongshanense</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A241DB73FF8DFFE7FF34F9AAA014F996" box="[208,274,1637,1656]" pageId="82" pageNumber="167" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
); b. Southeastern slope of Heipu Yakou, 3365m, 27.770º/098.447º, Cikai Township, Gongshan County, Yunnan (habitat for 
<taxonomicName id="4C06C199FF8DFFE7FEC3F9B1A0F8F97F" authority="Kavanaugh &amp; Liang, 2021" authorityName="Kavanaugh &amp; Liang" authorityYear="2021" box="[295,510,1662,1681]" class="Insecta" family="Carabidae" genus="Broscosoma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="82" pageNumber="167" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="bicoloratum" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="B9726608FF8DFFE7FEC3F9B1A0F8F97F" box="[295,510,1662,1681]" italics="true" pageId="82" pageNumber="167">Broscosoma bicoloratum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A241DB73FF8DFFE7FDE0F9B1A340F97F" box="[516,582,1662,1681]" pageId="82" pageNumber="167" rank="species">
<emphasis id="B9726608FF8DFFE7FDE0F9B1A31AF97E" box="[516,540,1662,1680]" italics="true" pageId="82" pageNumber="167">sp.</emphasis>
nov.
</taxonomicNameLabel>
). Photos by David H. Kavanaugh.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<caption id="DF79EA92FF8CFFE6FF4FF9E8A398F983" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.11067445" ID-Zenodo-Dep="11067445" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/11067445/files/figure.png" pageId="83" pageNumber="168" startId="83.[171,183,1575,1594]" targetBox="[197,1099,216,1560]" targetPageId="83" targetType="figure">
<paragraph id="8BB9BA1AFF8CFFE6FF4FF9E8A398F983" blockId="83.[123,1174,1574,1645]" pageId="83" pageNumber="168">
<smallCapsWord id="8D5F2CC6FF8CFFE6FF4FF9E8A1EEF9D6" baselines="1589,1588" box="[171,232,1575,1594]" lowerCaseFontSize="6" mainFontSize="8" normCase="title" normString="Figure" pageId="83" pageNumber="168">FIGURE</smallCapsWord>
43. Photographs of habitat for broscine species in the Gaoligong Shan region; a. Danzhu He drainage, 2840 m, 27.633°/98.604°, Cikai Township, Gongshan County, Yunnan (habitat for 
<taxonomicName id="4C06C199FF8CFFE6FCA5F98EA51FF9BD" authority="Kavanaugh &amp; Liang, 2021" authorityName="Kavanaugh &amp; Liang" authorityYear="2021" box="[833,1049,1600,1619]" class="Insecta" family="Carabidae" genus="Broscosoma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="83" pageNumber="168" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="danzhuense" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="B9726608FF8CFFE6FCA5F98EA51FF9BD" box="[833,1049,1600,1619]" italics="true" pageId="83" pageNumber="168">Broscosoma danzhuense</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A241DB73FF8CFFE6FBC0F98FA56DF9BD" box="[1060,1131,1600,1619]" pageId="83" pageNumber="168" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
and 
<taxonomicName id="4C06C199FF8CFFE6FF9FF995A079F983" authority="Morvan" authorityName="Morvan" authorityYear="1982" box="[123,383,1626,1645]" class="Insecta" family="Carabidae" genus="Eobroscus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="83" pageNumber="168" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="bhtanensis">
<emphasis id="B9726608FF8CFFE6FF9FF995A033F983" box="[123,309,1626,1645]" italics="true" pageId="83" pageNumber="168">Eobroscus bhtanensis</emphasis>
Morvan
</taxonomicName>
). Photo by David H. Kavanaugh.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<caption id="DF79EA92FF8BFFE1FF4FF9FEA37EF97F" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.11067447" ID-Zenodo-Dep="11067447" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/11067447/files/figure.png" pageId="84" pageNumber="169" startId="84.[171,183,1585,1604]" targetBox="[147,1149,216,1572]" targetPageId="84" targetType="figure">
<paragraph id="8BB9BA1AFF8BFFE1FF4FF9FEA37EF97F" blockId="84.[123,1174,1585,1681]" pageId="84" pageNumber="169">
<smallCapsWord id="8D5F2CC6FF8BFFE1FF4FF9FEA1EEF9AD" baselines="1599,1599" box="[171,232,1585,1604]" lowerCaseFontSize="6" mainFontSize="8" normCase="title" normString="Figure" pageId="84" pageNumber="169">FIGURE</smallCapsWord>
44. Photographs of habitats for 
<taxonomicName id="4C06C199FF8BFFE1FDE7F9FDA3B7F9AA" box="[515,689,1585,1604]" pageId="84" pageNumber="169">
<emphasis id="B9726608FF8BFFE1FDE7F9FDA36AF9AA" box="[515,620,1586,1604]" italics="true" pageId="84" pageNumber="169">Broscosoma</emphasis>
species
</taxonomicName>
in the Gaoligong Shan region. a. 0.5 km E of Fengxue Yakou, 3150 m, 25.972º/098.683 º, Luzhang Township, Lushui County, Yunnan (habitat for 
<taxonomicName id="4C06C199FF8BFFE1FC6AF984A57EF9B0" authority="Kavanaugh &amp; Liang, 2021" authorityName="Kavanaugh &amp; Liang" authorityYear="2021" box="[910,1144,1611,1630]" class="Insecta" family="Carabidae" genus="Broscosoma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="84" pageNumber="169" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="gaoligongense" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="B9726608FF8BFFE1FC6AF984A57EF9B0" box="[910,1144,1611,1630]" italics="true" pageId="84" pageNumber="169">Broscosoma gaoligongense</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A241DB73FF8BFFE1FB99F984A198F996" pageId="84" pageNumber="169" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
); b. Xiao Jiang at Gangfang Sancha Lukou, 1500 m, 26.122º/98.573º, Lushui County, Yunnan (habitat for 
<taxonomicName id="4C06C199FF8BFFE1FBC9F9AAA00EF97F" authority="Kavanaugh &amp; Liang, 2021" authorityName="Kavanaugh &amp; Liang" authorityYear="2021" class="Insecta" family="Carabidae" genus="Broscosoma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="84" pageNumber="169" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="holomarginatum" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="B9726608FF8BFFE1FBC9F9AAA00EF97F" italics="true" pageId="84" pageNumber="169">Broscosoma holomarginatum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A241DB73FF8BFFE1FEEAF9B1A056F97F" box="[270,336,1662,1681]" pageId="84" pageNumber="169" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
). Photos by David H. Kavanaugh.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<caption id="DF79EA92FF8AFFE0FF4FF9F9A32AF941" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.11067449" ID-Zenodo-Dep="11067449" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/11067449/files/figure.png" pageId="85" pageNumber="170" startId="85.[171,183,1590,1609]" targetBox="[148,1148,216,1572]" targetPageId="85" targetType="figure">
<paragraph id="8BB9BA1AFF8AFFE0FF4FF9F9A32AF941" blockId="85.[123,1173,1589,1711]" pageId="85" pageNumber="170">
<smallCapsWord id="8D5F2CC6FF8AFFE0FF4FF9F9A1EEF9A9" baselines="1604,1603" box="[171,232,1590,1609]" lowerCaseFontSize="6" mainFontSize="8" normCase="title" normString="Figure" pageId="85" pageNumber="170">FIGURE</smallCapsWord>
45. Photographs of habitats for 
<taxonomicName id="4C06C199FF8AFFE0FDE2F9F9A3B2F9A6" box="[518,692,1589,1608]" pageId="85" pageNumber="170">
<emphasis id="B9726608FF8AFFE0FDE2F9F9A369F9A6" box="[518,623,1590,1608]" italics="true" pageId="85" pageNumber="170">Broscosoma</emphasis>
species
</taxonomicName>
in the Gaoligong Shan region. a. Snowmelt stream on north-facing slope above North Fork of Yamu He, 8.5 km W of Shibali, 3100-3200 m, 27.18315º/098.71921º, Lumadeng Township, Fugong County, Yunnan (habitat for 
<taxonomicName id="4C06C199FF8AFFE0FDC6F9A6A3D2F995" authority="Kavanaugh &amp; Liang, 2021" authorityName="Kavanaugh &amp; Liang" authorityYear="2021" box="[546,724,1641,1659]" class="Insecta" family="Carabidae" genus="Broscosoma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="85" pageNumber="170" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="parvum" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="B9726608FF8AFFE0FDC6F9A6A3D2F995" box="[546,724,1641,1659]" italics="true" pageId="85" pageNumber="170">Broscosoma parvum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A241DB73FF8AFFE0FD38F9A6A226F992" box="[732,800,1641,1660]" pageId="85" pageNumber="170" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
); b. 0.6 km N of Dizhengdang village on Dulongjiang, 1880 m, 28.084º/098.327º, Dulongjiang Township, Gongshan County, Yunnan (habitat for 
<taxonomicName id="4C06C199FF8AFFE0FBE5F94CA1BDF940" authority="Kavanaugh &amp; Liang, 2021" authorityName="Kavanaugh &amp; Liang" authorityYear="2021" class="Insecta" family="Carabidae" genus="Broscosoma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="85" pageNumber="170" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="purpureum" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="B9726608FF8AFFE0FBE5F94CA1BDF940" italics="true" pageId="85" pageNumber="170">Broscosoma purpureum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A241DB73FF8AFFE0FF25F953A005F941" box="[193,259,1692,1711]" pageId="85" pageNumber="170" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
). Photos by David H. Kavanaugh
</paragraph>
</caption>
<caption id="DF79EA92FF89FFE3FF4FF9F7A29BF976" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.11067451" ID-Zenodo-Dep="11067451" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/11067451/files/figure.png" pageId="86" pageNumber="171" startId="86.[171,183,1592,1611]" targetBox="[147,1149,216,1572]" targetPageId="86" targetType="figure">
<paragraph id="8BB9BA1AFF89FFE3FF4FF9F7A29BF976" blockId="86.[123,1173,1591,1688]" pageId="86" pageNumber="171">
<smallCapsWord id="8D5F2CC6FF89FFE3FF4FF9F7A1EEF9A7" baselines="1606,1605" box="[171,232,1592,1611]" lowerCaseFontSize="6" mainFontSize="8" normCase="title" normString="Figure" pageId="86" pageNumber="171">FIGURE</smallCapsWord>
46. Photographs of habitats for broscine species in the Gaoligong Shan region. a. Siran Wang, 0.2 km above confluence with Dulong Jiang, 1720 m, 28.013°/ E098.321º, Dulongjiang Township, Gongshan County, Yunnan (habitat for 
<taxonomicName id="4C06C199FF89FFE3FF9FF9A4A032F990" authority="Kavanaugh &amp; Liang, 2021" authorityName="Kavanaugh &amp; Liang" authorityYear="2021" box="[123,308,1643,1662]" class="Insecta" family="Carabidae" genus="Broscosoma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="86" pageNumber="171" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="resbecqi" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="B9726608FF89FFE3FF9FF9A4A032F990" box="[123,308,1643,1662]" italics="true" pageId="86" pageNumber="171">Broscosoma resbecqi</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A241DB73FF89FFE3FEDAF9A4A085F990" box="[318,387,1643,1662]" pageId="86" pageNumber="171" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
); b. Nankang Yakou, 2130 m, 24.828°/98.767°, Longyang County, Yunnan (habitat for 
<taxonomicName id="4C06C199FF89FFE3FF9FF94AA062F976" authority="Putzeys" authorityName="Putzeys. We" authorityYear="1877" box="[123,356,1668,1688]" class="Insecta" family="Carabidae" genus="Broscosoma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="86" pageNumber="171" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="ribbei">
<emphasis id="B9726608FF89FFE3FF9FF94AA01AF979" box="[123,284,1668,1687]" italics="true" pageId="86" pageNumber="171">Broscosoma ribbei</emphasis>
Putzeys
</taxonomicName>
and 
<taxonomicName id="4C06C199FF89FFE3FE6BF94AA37AF979" authority="(Dejean)" authorityName="" authorityYear="1828" baseAuthorityName="Dejean" baseAuthorityYear="1828" box="[399,636,1668,1687]" class="Insecta" family="Carabidae" genus="Broscus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="86" pageNumber="171" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="punctatus">
<emphasis id="B9726608FF89FFE3FE6BF94AA32AF979" box="[399,556,1669,1687]" italics="true" pageId="86" pageNumber="171">Broscus punctatus</emphasis>
(Dejean)
</taxonomicName>
. Photos by David H. Kavanaugh.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<caption id="DF79EA92FF88FFE2FF4FFC05A011FBAD" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.11067453" ID-Zenodo-Dep="11067453" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/11067453/files/figure.png" pageId="87" pageNumber="172" startId="87.[171,183,970,989]" targetBox="[120,1180,216,954]" targetPageId="87" targetType="figure">
<paragraph id="8BB9BA1AFF88FFE2FF4FFC05A011FBAD" blockId="87.[123,1173,970,1092]" pageId="87" pageNumber="172">
<smallCapsWord id="8D5F2CC6FF88FFE2FF4FFC05A1EEFC32" baselines="984,984" box="[171,232,970,989]" lowerCaseFontSize="6" mainFontSize="8" normCase="title" normString="Figure" pageId="87" pageNumber="172">FIGURE</smallCapsWord>
47. Map showing approximate known overall geographical distributions of 
<emphasis id="B9726608FF88FFE2FC9EFC05A2C5FC33" box="[890,963,970,989]" italics="true" pageId="87" pageNumber="172">broscine</emphasis>
species occurring in the Gaoligong Shan region as well as outside the study area. a. 
<taxonomicName id="4C06C199FF88FFE2FD92FC2BA264FC19" authority="(Dejean)" authorityName="" authorityYear="1828" baseAuthorityName="Dejean" baseAuthorityYear="1828" box="[630,866,996,1015]" class="Insecta" family="Carabidae" genus="Broscus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="87" pageNumber="172" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="punctatus">
<emphasis id="B9726608FF88FFE2FD92FC2BA214FC18" box="[630,786,996,1014]" italics="true" pageId="87" pageNumber="172">Broscus punctatus</emphasis>
(Dejean)
</taxonomicName>
; b. 
<taxonomicName id="4C06C199FF88FFE2FC66FC2BA596FC19" authority="Morvan" authorityName="Morvan" box="[898,1168,996,1015]" class="Insecta" family="Carabidae" genus="Eobroscus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="87" pageNumber="172" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="bhutanensis">
<emphasis id="B9726608FF88FFE2FC66FC2BA541FC19" box="[898,1095,996,1015]" italics="true" pageId="87" pageNumber="172">Eobroscus bhutanensis</emphasis>
Morvan
</taxonomicName>
; c. 
<taxonomicName id="4C06C199FF88FFE2FF6BFC31A07FFBFF" authority="Putzeys" authorityName="Putzeys. We" authorityYear="1877" box="[143,377,1021,1041]" class="Insecta" family="Carabidae" genus="Broscosoma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="87" pageNumber="172" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="ribbei">
<emphasis id="B9726608FF88FFE2FF6BFC31A037FBFE" box="[143,305,1021,1040]" italics="true" pageId="87" pageNumber="172">Broscosoma ribbei</emphasis>
Putzeys
</taxonomicName>
; d. 
<taxonomicName id="4C06C199FF88FFE2FE7FFC31A390FBFE" authority="Kavanaugh &amp; Liang, 2021" authorityName="Kavanaugh &amp; Liang" authorityYear="2021" box="[411,662,1021,1040]" class="Insecta" family="Carabidae" genus="Broscosoma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="87" pageNumber="172" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="holomarginatum" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="B9726608FF88FFE2FE7FFC31A390FBFE" box="[411,662,1021,1040]" italics="true" pageId="87" pageNumber="172">Broscosoma holomarginatum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A241DB73FF88FFE2FD78FC31A3D8FBFF" box="[668,734,1022,1041]" pageId="87" pageNumber="172" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
Modified from Wikimedia Commons, World Atlas of the World, at URL: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/8/8f/Whole_world_-_land_and_oceans_12000.jpg. Scale line = 500 k
</paragraph>
</caption>
<caption id="DF79EA92FF87FFEDFF4FFC2CA041FBFE" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.11067455" ID-Zenodo-Dep="11067455" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/11067455/files/figure.png" pageId="88" pageNumber="173" startId="88.[171,183,995,1014]" targetBox="[130,1164,233,969]" targetPageId="88" targetType="figure">
<paragraph id="8BB9BA1AFF87FFEDFF4FFC2CA593FC18" blockId="88.[123,1173,995,1040]" box="[171,1173,995,1014]" pageId="88" pageNumber="173">
<smallCapsWord id="8D5F2CC6FF87FFEDFF4FFC2CA1EEFC1B" baselines="1009,1009" box="[171,232,995,1014]" lowerCaseFontSize="6" mainFontSize="8" normCase="title" normString="Figure" pageId="88" pageNumber="173">FIGURE</smallCapsWord>
48. Chart showing the representation of broscine species in project-designated Core Areas (see Fig. 3) in the
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BB9BA1AFF87FFEDFF9FFC33A041FBFE" blockId="88.[123,1173,995,1040]" box="[123,327,1020,1040]" pageId="88" pageNumber="173">Gaoligong Shan region.</paragraph>
</caption>
<caption id="DF79EA92FF87FFEDFF5CF95DA3B2F951" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.11067457" ID-Zenodo-Dep="11067457" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/11067457/files/figure.png" pageId="88" pageNumber="173" startId="88.[184,196,1682,1701]" targetBox="[130,1162,1063,1660]" targetPageId="88" targetType="figure">
<paragraph id="8BB9BA1AFF87FFEDFF5CF95DA5A4F94B" blockId="88.[136,1186,1682,1727]" box="[184,1186,1682,1701]" pageId="88" pageNumber="173">
<smallCapsWord id="8D5F2CC6FF87FFEDFF5CF95DA1F3F94A" baselines="1696,1696" box="[184,245,1682,1701]" lowerCaseFontSize="6" mainFontSize="8" normCase="title" normString="Figure" pageId="88" pageNumber="173">FIGURE</smallCapsWord>
49. Chart illustrating the altitudinal ranges of broscine species represented in the Gaoligong Shan region.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BB9BA1AFF87FFEDFF6CF963A3B2F951" blockId="88.[136,1186,1682,1727]" box="[136,692,1707,1727]" pageId="88" pageNumber="173">Green bars mark the elevational range recorded for each species.</paragraph>
</caption>
<caption id="DF79EA92FF86FFECFF4FFA7AA331FA15" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.11067459" ID-Zenodo-Dep="11067459" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/11067459/files/figure.png" pageId="89" pageNumber="174" startId="89.[171,183,1461,1480]" targetBox="[140,1154,249,1428]" targetPageId="89" targetType="figure">
<paragraph id="8BB9BA1AFF86FFECFF4FFA7AA331FA15" blockId="89.[123,1173,1461,1531]" pageId="89" pageNumber="174">
<smallCapsWord id="8D5F2CC6FF86FFECFF4FFA7AA1EEFA29" baselines="1475,1475" box="[171,232,1461,1480]" lowerCaseFontSize="6" mainFontSize="8" normCase="title" normString="Figure" pageId="89" pageNumber="174">FIGURE</smallCapsWord>
50. Chart illustrating the co-occurence (syntopy) of broscine species in samples from the same habitats and at the same sites in the Gaoligong Shan region. Incidents of syntopy marked in black represent confirmed co-occurrence, those marked in grey not confirmed by records but likely.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<paragraph id="8BB9BA1AFF85FFEFFDA6FF14A3C8FF16" blockId="90.[578,718,219,248]" box="[578,718,219,248]" pageId="90" pageNumber="175">Discussion</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BB9BA1AFF85FFEFFF4FFEDDA251FDC3" blockId="90.[123,1174,274,1629]" pageId="90" pageNumber="175">
The Gaoligong 
<collectingRegion id="49C274F8FF85FFEFFEB3FEDDA0DCFEC4" box="[343,474,274,298]" country="Myanmar" name="Shan" pageId="90" pageNumber="175">Shan region</collectingRegion>
is a key component of one of the world’s biodiversity hotspots (
<bibRefCitation id="EF97C7EBFF85FFEFFF60FEFCA047FEA5" author="Myers, N. &amp; A Mittermeier &amp; G. A. Mittermeier &amp; G. A. B. de Fonseca &amp; J. Kent" box="[132,321,307,331]" pageId="90" pageNumber="175" pagination="853 - 858" refId="ref54249" refString="Myers, N., R. A Mittermeier, G. A. Mittermeier, G. A. B. de Fonseca, and J. Kent. 2000. Biodiversity hotspots for conservation priorities. Nature 403: 853 - 858." type="journal article" year="2000">Myers et al. 2000</bibRefCitation>
), where faunal elements from the Palearctic and 
<collectingRegion id="49C274F8FF85FFEFFCB2FEFCA2ABFEA5" box="[854,941,307,331]" country="Saudi Arabia" name="Ash Sharqiyah" pageId="90" pageNumber="175">Oriental</collectingRegion>
<collectingRegion id="49C274F8FF85FFEFFC51FEFCA50AFEA5" box="[949,1036,307,331]" country="Iraq" pageId="90" pageNumber="175">Regions</collectingRegion>
meet. These elements augment a distinct regional, largely precinctive element, probably of mixed Palearctic/ 
<collectingRegion id="49C274F8FF85FFEFFF0FFEBBA044FE62" box="[235,322,372,396]" country="Saudi Arabia" name="Ash Sharqiyah" pageId="90" pageNumber="175">Oriental</collectingRegion>
origin (
<bibRefCitation id="EF97C7EBFF85FFEFFE7EFEBBA31AFE62" author="Deuve, T." box="[410,540,372,396]" pageId="90" pageNumber="175" refId="ref53040" refString="Deuve, T. 2013. Cychrus, Calosoma et Carabus de Chine. Pensoft Publishers, Sofia, viii + 307 pp." type="book" year="2013">Deuve 2013</bibRefCitation>
), which either became isolated and evolved independently within the region or has been replaced elsewhere by present-day Palearctic and/or 
<collectingRegion id="49C274F8FF85FFEFFBE8FE5BA565FE42" box="[1036,1123,404,428]" country="Saudi Arabia" name="Ash Sharqiyah" pageId="90" pageNumber="175">Oriental</collectingRegion>
elements. Among the four groups studied in detail to date, the trechines and broscines are the most diverse precinctive elements in the fauna, with 25 of 29 trechine species (86%) and 11 of 15 broscine species (73%) known from nowhere else. We have found no precinctive species among either the omophronines (three species) or the zabrines (13 species).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BB9BA1AFF85FFEFFF4FFDF9A0B9FCFE" blockId="90.[123,1174,274,1629]" pageId="90" pageNumber="175">
Relative to the diversity of faunas in other areas of comparable size, the broscine fauna of the Gaoligong 
<collectingRegion id="49C274F8FF85FFEFFF10FD98A070FD81" box="[244,374,599,623]" country="Myanmar" name="Shan" pageId="90" pageNumber="175">Shan region</collectingRegion>
is exceptionally diverse and previously poorly known. Of the 15 species from the area recorded here, 11 are described as new and one additional species, 
<emphasis id="B9726608FF85FFEFFBF6FDB7A01BFD41" italics="true" pageId="90" pageNumber="175">
<taxonomicName id="4C06C199FF85FFEFFBF6FDB7A011FD5E" authorityName="Kavanaugh &amp; Liang" authorityYear="2021" class="Insecta" family="Carabidae" genus="Broscosoma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="90" pageNumber="175" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="gaoligongense">Broscosoma gaoligongense</taxonomicName>
,
</emphasis>
which we also had represented in our samples as new, was only recently described by 
<bibRefCitation id="EF97C7EBFF85FFEFFF79FD76A0AEFD3E" author="Deuve, T. &amp; D. W. Wrase" box="[157,424,696,720]" pageId="90" pageNumber="175" pagination="25 - 29" refId="ref53183" refString="Deuve, T., and D. W. Wrase. 2015. Description d'un nouveau Broscosoma du Yunnan, Chine (Coleoptera, Caraboidea, Broscidae). Bulletin de la Societe Entomologique de France 120: 25 - 29." type="journal article" year="2015">Deuve and Wrase (2015)</bibRefCitation>
. This diversity includes not only taxonomic diversity, but also exceptional diversity in morphological features, particularly within the genus 
<taxonomicName id="4C06C199FF85FFEFFC6BFD16A514FD1E" box="[911,1042,729,752]" class="Insecta" family="Carabidae" genus="Broscosoma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="90" pageNumber="175" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B9726608FF85FFEFFC6BFD16A514FD1E" box="[911,1042,729,752]" italics="true" pageId="90" pageNumber="175">Broscosoma</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, but also in 
<taxonomicName id="4C06C199FF85FFEFFF9FFD36A1F0FCFF" authorityName="Lindroth" authorityYear="1961" box="[123,246,761,785]" class="Insecta" family="Carabidae" genus="Broscodera" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="90" pageNumber="175" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B9726608FF85FFEFFF9FFD36A1F0FCFF" box="[123,246,761,785]" italics="true" pageId="90" pageNumber="175">Broscodera</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
to a lesser degree.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BB9BA1AFF85FFEFFF4FFCD5A58DFBFA" blockId="90.[123,1174,274,1629]" pageId="90" pageNumber="175">
No other comparable region is known to harbor two species of 
<taxonomicName id="4C06C199FF85FFEFFCB3FCD6A2D4FCDF" authorityName="Lindroth" authorityYear="1961" box="[855,978,793,817]" class="Insecta" family="Carabidae" genus="Broscodera" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="90" pageNumber="175" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B9726608FF85FFEFFCB3FCD6A2D4FCDF" box="[855,978,793,817]" italics="true" pageId="90" pageNumber="175">Broscodera</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
. Their geographical ranges overlap in part but they appear to occupy different elevational ranges and are also non-overlapping in their respective body size ranges. Members of 
<taxonomicName id="4C06C199FF85FFEFFCF5FC95A2E1FC9C" authorityName="Kavanaugh &amp; Liang" authorityYear="2021" box="[785,999,858,882]" class="Insecta" family="Carabidae" genus="Broscodera" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="90" pageNumber="175" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="chukuai">
<emphasis id="B9726608FF85FFEFFCF5FC95A2E1FC9C" box="[785,999,858,882]" italics="true" pageId="90" pageNumber="175">Broscodera chukuai</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
are the smallest members of the genus known to date, with their size range outside the ranges of any of the other congeneric species and subspecies. Whether the differences in body size and elevational range between 
<taxonomicName id="4C06C199FF85FFEFFF3FFC73A048FC3D" authorityName="Kavanaugh &amp; Liang" authorityYear="2021" box="[219,334,955,979]" class="Insecta" family="Carabidae" genus="Broscodera" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="90" pageNumber="175" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="chukuai">
<emphasis id="B9726608FF85FFEFFF3FFC73A048FC3D" box="[219,334,955,979]" italics="true" pageId="90" pageNumber="175">B. chukuai</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and 
<taxonomicName id="4C06C199FF85FFEFFE61FC73A343FC3D" authorityName="Kavanaugh &amp; Liang" authorityYear="2021" box="[389,581,955,979]" class="Insecta" family="Carabidae" genus="Broscodera" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="90" pageNumber="175" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="gaoligongensis">
<emphasis id="B9726608FF85FFEFFE61FC73A343FC3D" box="[389,581,955,979]" italics="true" pageId="90" pageNumber="175">B. gaoligongensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
represent character displacement in these morphological and ecological features or have instead resulted from some other historical cause or causes will remain unclear until phylogenetic relationships among 
<taxonomicName id="4C06C199FF85FFEFFD2FFC33A29CFBFA" box="[715,922,1020,1044]" pageId="90" pageNumber="175">
<emphasis id="B9726608FF85FFEFFD2FFC33A240FBFA" box="[715,838,1020,1044]" italics="true" pageId="90" pageNumber="175">Broscodera</emphasis>
species
</taxonomicName>
are better understood.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BB9BA1AFF85FFEFFF4FFBD2A204F9B2" blockId="90.[123,1174,274,1629]" pageId="90" pageNumber="175">
There appears to us to be at least as much morphological diversity within the 
<taxonomicName id="4C06C199FF85FFEFFBF6FBD1A593FBDB" box="[1042,1173,1054,1077]" class="Insecta" family="Carabidae" genus="Broscosoma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="90" pageNumber="175" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B9726608FF85FFEFFBF6FBD1A593FBDB" box="[1042,1173,1054,1077]" italics="true" pageId="90" pageNumber="175">Broscosoma</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
fauna of the Gaoligong 
<collectingRegion id="49C274F8FF85FFEFFE9AFBF2A306FBBB" box="[382,512,1085,1109]" country="Myanmar" name="Shan" pageId="90" pageNumber="175">Shan region</collectingRegion>
as is found within the genus throughout the remainder of its entire range. All species with members having lateral margination of the pronotum present, whether distinct on at least part of the pronotal margin, as in 
<taxonomicName id="4C06C199FF85FFEFFD53FBB0A229FB78" authorityName="Kavanaugh &amp; Liang" authorityYear="2021" box="[695,815,1150,1174]" class="Insecta" family="Carabidae" genus="Broscosoma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="90" pageNumber="175" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="resbecqi">
<emphasis id="B9726608FF85FFEFFD53FBB0A229FB78" box="[695,815,1150,1174]" italics="true" pageId="90" pageNumber="175">B. resbecqi</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and 
<taxonomicName id="4C06C199FF85FFEFFC82FBB0A2C3FB78" authorityName="Putzeys. We" authorityYear="1877" box="[870,965,1150,1174]" class="Insecta" family="Carabidae" genus="Broscosoma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="90" pageNumber="175" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="ribbei">
<emphasis id="B9726608FF85FFEFFC82FBB0A2C3FB78" box="[870,965,1150,1174]" italics="true" pageId="90" pageNumber="175">B. ribbei</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, or complete, as in 
<taxonomicName id="4C06C199FF85FFEFFF9FFB50A04CFB59" authorityName="Kavanaugh &amp; Liang" authorityYear="2021" box="[123,330,1183,1207]" class="Insecta" family="Carabidae" genus="Broscosoma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="90" pageNumber="175" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="holomarginatum">
<emphasis id="B9726608FF85FFEFFF9FFB50A04CFB59" box="[123,330,1183,1207]" italics="true" pageId="90" pageNumber="175">B. holomarginatum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, are found in this region. 
<taxonomicName id="4C06C199FF85FFEFFD85FB50A23CFB59" box="[609,826,1183,1207]" class="Insecta" family="Carabidae" genus="Broscosoma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="90" pageNumber="175" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="rebecqi">
<emphasis id="B9726608FF85FFEFFD85FB50A23CFB59" box="[609,826,1183,1207]" italics="true" pageId="90" pageNumber="175">Broscosoma rebecqi</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is known only from this region, 
<taxonomicName id="4C06C199FF85FFEFFF9FFB0FA04DFB39" authorityName="Kavanaugh &amp; Liang" authorityYear="2021" box="[123,331,1215,1239]" class="Insecta" family="Carabidae" genus="Broscosoma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="90" pageNumber="175" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="holomarginatum">
<emphasis id="B9726608FF85FFEFFF9FFB0FA04DFB39" box="[123,331,1215,1239]" italics="true" pageId="90" pageNumber="175">B. holomarginatum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
also occurs in the adjacent southeastern part of Xizhang (
<collectingRegion id="49C274F8FF85FFEFFC2CFB70A2F9FB39" box="[968,1023,1215,1239]" country="China" name="Xizang" pageId="90" pageNumber="175">Tibet</collectingRegion>
), and only 
<taxonomicName id="4C06C199FF85FFEFFB9AFB0FA1BDFB19" authorityName="Putzeys. We" authorityYear="1877" class="Insecta" family="Carabidae" genus="Broscosoma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="90" pageNumber="175" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="ribbei">
<emphasis id="B9726608FF85FFEFFB9AFB0FA1BDFB19" italics="true" pageId="90" pageNumber="175">B. ribbei</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is more widely distributed. No other area has as many species with the elytra humeri more or less distinct. In fact, the number of species with distinct humeri in the Gaoligong 
<collectingRegion id="49C274F8FF85FFEFFBF0FACFA593FAF6" box="[1044,1173,1280,1304]" country="Myanmar" name="Shan" pageId="90" pageNumber="175">Shan region</collectingRegion>
(six) is double the number (three) within the remainder of the genus. Diversity in the presence and distribution of metallic reflection on the dorsum of the body is also exceptional. For example, no described species from any another area has members which have the pronotum without metallic reflection except for the area anterior to the anterior transverse impression, where it is distinctly present in 
<taxonomicName id="4C06C199FF85FFEFFF0CFA6CA08FFA54" authorityName="Kavanaugh &amp; Liang" authorityYear="2021" box="[232,393,1442,1466]" class="Insecta" family="Carabidae" genus="Broscosoma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="90" pageNumber="175" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="viridicollare">
<emphasis id="B9726608FF85FFEFFF0CFA6CA08FFA54" box="[232,393,1442,1466]" italics="true" pageId="90" pageNumber="175">B. viridicollare</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
members and faintly present in some members of 
<taxonomicName id="4C06C199FF85FFEFFC7BFA6CA538FA54" authorityName="Kavanaugh &amp; Liang" authorityYear="2021" box="[927,1086,1442,1466]" class="Insecta" family="Carabidae" genus="Broscosoma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="90" pageNumber="175" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="bicoloratum">
<emphasis id="B9726608FF85FFEFFC7BFA6CA538FA54" box="[927,1086,1442,1466]" italics="true" pageId="90" pageNumber="175">B. bicoloratum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
as well. Finally, there is exceptional diversity in the genitalic structures of males in the region, particularly in the shape of the median lobe and the sclerites of its internal sac and in the shape of the left paramere. Clearly, the Gaoligong 
<collectingRegion id="49C274F8FF85FFEFFE5FF9CCA33BF9F5" box="[443,573,1539,1563]" country="Myanmar" name="Shan" pageId="90" pageNumber="175">Shan region</collectingRegion>
is and has been a very important area in the evolutionary history of this genus. Better understanding of that history will require phylogenetic analyses of both morphological and DNA data for the genus as a whole.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>