210 lines
42 KiB
XML
210 lines
42 KiB
XML
<document id="43AC09156E181C4A25A3D7E0B48F1834" ID-DOI="10.11646/phytotaxa.167.3.4" ID-ISSN="1179-3163" ID-Zenodo-Dep="5138821" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1627344578663" checkinUser="felipe" docAuthor="Vijver, Bart Van De, Morales, Eduardo A. & Kopalová, Kateřina" docDate="2014" docId="0392E422FFA6CC5D1A80FF4399EAFA09" docLanguage="en" docName="Phytotaxa.167.3.256-266.pdf" docOrigin="Phytotaxa 167 (3)" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.167.3.4" docStyle="DocumentStyle:96748F8F1B6C902996E134952A3A36B9.7:Phytotaxa.2014-.journal_article" docStyleId="96748F8F1B6C902996E134952A3A36B9" docStyleName="Phytotaxa.2014-.journal_article" docStyleVersion="7" docTitle="Staurosirella antarctica Van de Vijver & E. Morales 2014, sp. nov." docType="treatment" docVersion="3" lastPageNumber="261" masterDocId="FFAB9C5AFFA3CC581A08FFDD980FFFAD" masterDocTitle="Three new araphid diatoms (Bacillariophyta) from the Maritime Antarctic Region" masterLastPageNumber="266" masterPageNumber="256" pageNumber="261" updateTime="1699024398321" updateUser="plazi" zenodo-license-figures="UNSPECIFIED" zenodo-license-treatments="UNSPECIFIED">
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<mods:title id="EA51D51C4DA67CEB35F1C97107888982">Three new araphid diatoms (Bacillariophyta) from the Maritime Antarctic Region</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="46651F0C946F898B55FC552E8886515F">Vijver, Bart Van De</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="2546B52A8F3BF0FAA1E2B19372446780">Botanic Garden Meise, Department of Bryophyta & Thallophyta, Nieuwelaan 38, B- 1860 Meise, Belgium (vandevijver @ br. fgov. be) University of Antwerp, Department of Biology, ECOBE, Universiteitsplein 1, B- 2610 Wilrijk, Antwerpen, Belgium</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart id="2F5B38A544792CA49DE95EB35AC26ECB">Morales, Eduardo A.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="1BC4A0315EC0D9CDC5A9F5E4728BDA5A">Herbario Criptogámico, Universidad Católica Boliviana San Pablo, Calle M. Márquez esq. Plaza Jorge Trigo s / n, P. O. Box 5381, Cochabamba, Bolivia</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart id="4D193B30D471BAEAEA683846E75B841A">Kopalová, Kateřina</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="F4321AB4D077309E8195DF32DC56EB6E">Charles University in Prague, Faculty of Science, Department of Ecology, Viničná 7, CZ- 12844 Prague 2, Czech Republic & Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic, Institute of Botany, Section of Plant Ecology, Dukelská 135, CZ- 37982 Třeboň, Czech Republic</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:title id="B5723FF4A30FF1E51E7605E52C6647E7">Phytotaxa</mods:title>
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<mods:date id="D987501242D309615280E2571486D79F">2014</mods:date>
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<mods:number id="438DD8B92FCDA07E499EBD526AE64435">2014-05-14</mods:number>
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<mods:number id="33191261C181075494F9D0F29C6C5EE2">167</mods:number>
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<subSubSection id="C32106BFFFA6CC5D1A80FF439B8DFE19" pageId="5" pageNumber="261" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="8B845534FFA6CC5D1A80FF439BCCFF14" blockId="5.[136,963,158,185]" box="[136,963,158,185]" pageId="5" pageNumber="261">
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<heading id="D0CCE258FFA6CC5D1A80FF439BCCFF14" box="[136,963,158,185]" fontSize="11" level="2" pageId="5" pageNumber="261" reason="3">
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<taxonomicName id="4C3B2EB7FFA6CC5D1A80FF439ADEFF15" authority="Van de Vijver & E.Morales" authorityName="Van de Vijver & E. Morales" authorityYear="2014" box="[136,721,158,185]" class="Bacillariophyceae" family="Fragilariaceae" genus="Staurosirella" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Chromista" order="Fragilariales" pageId="5" pageNumber="261" phylum="Bacillariophyta" rank="species" species="antarctica" status="sp. nov.">
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<emphasis id="B94F8926FFA6CC5D1A80FF439996FF15" bold="true" box="[136,409,158,185]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="261">Staurosirella antarctica</emphasis>
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Van de Vijver & E.Morales
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</taxonomicName>
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<emphasis id="B94F8926FFA6CC5D18D0FF429B22FF15" box="[728,813,159,184]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="261">
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<taxonomicNameLabel id="A27C345DFFA6CC5D18D0FF429B22FF15" box="[728,813,159,184]" pageId="5" pageNumber="261" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
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</emphasis>
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(
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<figureCitation id="130049B1FFA6CC5D1933FF439BB3FF14" box="[827,956,158,185]" captionStart="FIGURES 26–51" captionStartId="4.[136,243,1735,1757]" captionTargetBox="[151,1435,190,1711]" captionTargetId="figure-25@4.[151,1435,190,1711]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="FIGURES 26–51: Staurosirella antarctica Van de Vijver & E.Morales sp. nov. All pictures taken from the holotype population (sample BY049). Figs 26–45. LM images. Fig. 45 shows a girdle view, whereas Figs 26–44 show valve views. Figs 46–51: SEM images. Fig. 46: Two entire frustules showing the linking spines, parts of the girdle bands and the mantle. Fig. 47: External view of an entire valve showing the heteropolar valve outline, the linking spines, the apical pore field and the striae. Fig. 48: Detail of the striae with slit-like areolae. Spines are positioned between the striae. Fig. 49: Detail of the apical pore field at the head pole showing 2 rows of small, rounded poroids separated from the striae. Fig. 50: Internal view of an entire valve. Fig. 51: External detail of the apical pore field at the foot pole. Scale bar represents 10 µm except for Figs 48, 49, 51 where scale bar = 1µm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5138829" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5138829/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="261">Figs 26–51</figureCitation>
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)
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8B845534FFA6CC5D1A80FF379B8DFE19" blockId="5.[136,1452,234,436]" pageId="5" pageNumber="261">
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Cells lanceolate to ovoid, heteropolar, with openly convex margins and subrostrate to rounded apices. Length
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<quantity id="4CC3F8D1FFA6CC5D1EA9FF379D11FF52" box="[1185,1310,234,256]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.25" metricValueMax="1.55" metricValueMin="0.95" pageId="5" pageNumber="261" unit="mm" value="12.5" valueMax="15.5" valueMin="9.5">9.5–15.5 µm</quantity>
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, width
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<quantity id="4CC3F8D1FFA6CC5D1F6BFF3798EFFE8E" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.4" metricValueMax="3.9" metricValueMin="2.9" pageId="5" pageNumber="261" unit="mm" value="3.4" valueMax="3.9" valueMin="2.9">2.9–3.9 µm</quantity>
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, stria density
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<quantity id="4CC3F8D1FFA6CC5D1B6AFED399A4FE89" box="[354,427,270,292]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.413" metricValueMax="2.54" metricValueMin="2.286" pageId="5" pageNumber="261" unit="in" value="9.5" valueMax="10.0" valueMin="9.0">9–10 in</quantity>
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<quantity id="4CC3F8D1FFA6CC5D1BB8FED399FFFE8E" box="[432,496,270,291]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.0" pageId="5" pageNumber="261" unit="mm" value="10.0">10 µm</quantity>
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. Central sternum narrow, linear to lanceolate, raised and forming a continuum with the virgae. Striae alternate, parallel in central area and radiate at apices. Areolae markedly lineolate, running continuously from valve face to mantle,
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<quantity id="4CC3F8D1FFA6CC5D1AB5FE8B991BFEC1" box="[189,276,342,364]" metricMagnitude="0" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.4605" metricValueMax="1.524" metricValueMin="1.3969999999999998" pageId="5" pageNumber="261" unit="in" value="57.5" valueMax="60.0" valueMin="55.0">55–60 in</quantity>
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<quantity id="4CC3F8D1FFA6CC5D1B13FE8B9952FEC6" box="[283,349,342,363]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.0" pageId="5" pageNumber="261" unit="mm" value="10.0">10 µm</quantity>
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, and bearing well-developed volae. Spines flat, spatulate and located on the virgae. One apical pore field at each apex, located on the valve mantle. Foot-pole apical pore field larger and compose of up to 5 rows of round poroids. Girdle bands open, non-perforated with valvocopula wider than rest of girdle elements.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C32106BFFFA6CC5D1A80FE3E9BFCFBB4" pageId="5" pageNumber="261" type="description">
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<paragraph id="8B845534FFA6CC5D1A80FE3E9CCEFDC4" blockId="5.[136,1452,482,1445]" pageId="5" pageNumber="261">
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<emphasis id="B94F8926FFA6CC5D1A80FE3E9940FE51" box="[136,335,482,509]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="261">
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LM (
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<figureCitation id="130049B1FFA6CC5D1AB6FE3E994EFE51" box="[190,321,482,509]" captionStart="FIGURES 26–51" captionStartId="4.[136,243,1735,1757]" captionTargetBox="[151,1435,190,1711]" captionTargetId="figure-25@4.[151,1435,190,1711]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="FIGURES 26–51: Staurosirella antarctica Van de Vijver & E.Morales sp. nov. All pictures taken from the holotype population (sample BY049). Figs 26–45. LM images. Fig. 45 shows a girdle view, whereas Figs 26–44 show valve views. Figs 46–51: SEM images. Fig. 46: Two entire frustules showing the linking spines, parts of the girdle bands and the mantle. Fig. 47: External view of an entire valve showing the heteropolar valve outline, the linking spines, the apical pore field and the striae. Fig. 48: Detail of the striae with slit-like areolae. Spines are positioned between the striae. Fig. 49: Detail of the apical pore field at the head pole showing 2 rows of small, rounded poroids separated from the striae. Fig. 50: Internal view of an entire valve. Fig. 51: External detail of the apical pore field at the foot pole. Scale bar represents 10 µm except for Figs 48, 49, 51 where scale bar = 1µm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5138829" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5138829/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="261">Figs 26–45</figureCitation>
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):
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||
</emphasis>
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||
Frustules are rectangular in girdle view (
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||
<figureCitation id="130049B1FFA6CC5D1911FE3F9B63FE50" box="[793,876,482,509]" captionStart="FIGURES 26–51" captionStartId="4.[136,243,1735,1757]" captionTargetBox="[151,1435,190,1711]" captionTargetId="figure-25@4.[151,1435,190,1711]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="FIGURES 26–51: Staurosirella antarctica Van de Vijver & E.Morales sp. nov. All pictures taken from the holotype population (sample BY049). Figs 26–45. LM images. Fig. 45 shows a girdle view, whereas Figs 26–44 show valve views. Figs 46–51: SEM images. Fig. 46: Two entire frustules showing the linking spines, parts of the girdle bands and the mantle. Fig. 47: External view of an entire valve showing the heteropolar valve outline, the linking spines, the apical pore field and the striae. Fig. 48: Detail of the striae with slit-like areolae. Spines are positioned between the striae. Fig. 49: Detail of the apical pore field at the head pole showing 2 rows of small, rounded poroids separated from the striae. Fig. 50: Internal view of an entire valve. Fig. 51: External detail of the apical pore field at the foot pole. Scale bar represents 10 µm except for Figs 48, 49, 51 where scale bar = 1µm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5138829" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5138829/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="261">Fig. 45</figureCitation>
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). Valves are lanceolate to narrowly ovoid, faintly or conspicuously heteropolar with subrostrate to rounded apices (
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<figureCitation id="130049B1FFA6CC5D1949FDDB9BCBFD8C" box="[833,964,518,545]" captionStart="FIGURES 26–51" captionStartId="4.[136,243,1735,1757]" captionTargetBox="[151,1435,190,1711]" captionTargetId="figure-25@4.[151,1435,190,1711]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="FIGURES 26–51: Staurosirella antarctica Van de Vijver & E.Morales sp. nov. All pictures taken from the holotype population (sample BY049). Figs 26–45. LM images. Fig. 45 shows a girdle view, whereas Figs 26–44 show valve views. Figs 46–51: SEM images. Fig. 46: Two entire frustules showing the linking spines, parts of the girdle bands and the mantle. Fig. 47: External view of an entire valve showing the heteropolar valve outline, the linking spines, the apical pore field and the striae. Fig. 48: Detail of the striae with slit-like areolae. Spines are positioned between the striae. Fig. 49: Detail of the apical pore field at the head pole showing 2 rows of small, rounded poroids separated from the striae. Fig. 50: Internal view of an entire valve. Fig. 51: External detail of the apical pore field at the foot pole. Scale bar represents 10 µm except for Figs 48, 49, 51 where scale bar = 1µm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5138829" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5138829/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="261">Figs 26–44</figureCitation>
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). Valve dimensions (n=25): length
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<quantity id="4CC3F8D1FFA6CC5D1F41FDDB98BFFDE8" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.25" metricValueMax="1.55" metricValueMin="0.95" pageId="5" pageNumber="261" unit="mm" value="12.5" valueMax="15.5" valueMin="9.5">9.5–15.5 µm</quantity>
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, width
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<quantity id="4CC3F8D1FFA6CC5D1B0CFDF79987FDE8" box="[260,392,554,581]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.4" metricValueMax="3.9" metricValueMin="2.9" pageId="5" pageNumber="261" unit="mm" value="3.4" valueMax="3.9" valueMin="2.9">2.9–3.9 µm</quantity>
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. The central sternum is narrow and linear to lanceolate. The striae are alternating, parallel and becoming slightly radiate near the apices,
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||
<quantity id="4CC3F8D1FFA6CC5D1868FD939ABAFDC5" box="[608,693,590,616]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.413" metricValueMax="2.54" metricValueMin="2.286" pageId="5" pageNumber="261" unit="in" value="9.5" valueMax="10.0" valueMin="9.0">9–10 in</quantity>
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<quantity id="4CC3F8D1FFA6CC5D18B4FD939B07FDC4" box="[700,776,590,617]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.0" pageId="5" pageNumber="261" unit="mm" value="10.0">10 µm</quantity>
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. The areolae are not discernible in LM.
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||
</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8B845534FFA6CC5D1AB5FDAE9BFCFBB4" blockId="5.[136,1452,482,1445]" pageId="5" pageNumber="261">
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<emphasis id="B94F8926FFA6CC5D1AB5FDAE9996FD21" box="[189,409,626,653]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="261">
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SEM (
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<figureCitation id="130049B1FFA6CC5D1B0DFDAE9984FD21" box="[261,395,626,653]" captionStart="FIGURES 26–51" captionStartId="4.[136,243,1735,1757]" captionTargetBox="[151,1435,190,1711]" captionTargetId="figure-25@4.[151,1435,190,1711]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="FIGURES 26–51: Staurosirella antarctica Van de Vijver & E.Morales sp. nov. All pictures taken from the holotype population (sample BY049). Figs 26–45. LM images. Fig. 45 shows a girdle view, whereas Figs 26–44 show valve views. Figs 46–51: SEM images. Fig. 46: Two entire frustules showing the linking spines, parts of the girdle bands and the mantle. Fig. 47: External view of an entire valve showing the heteropolar valve outline, the linking spines, the apical pore field and the striae. Fig. 48: Detail of the striae with slit-like areolae. Spines are positioned between the striae. Fig. 49: Detail of the apical pore field at the head pole showing 2 rows of small, rounded poroids separated from the striae. Fig. 50: Internal view of an entire valve. Fig. 51: External detail of the apical pore field at the foot pole. Scale bar represents 10 µm except for Figs 48, 49, 51 where scale bar = 1µm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5138829" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5138829/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="261">Figs 46–51</figureCitation>
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||
):
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||
</emphasis>
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||
Frustules are linked by single, spatulate and solid linking spines, which are located on the costae at the valve face/mantle junction (
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||
<figureCitation id="130049B1FFA6CC5D1850FD4B9AD1FD1C" box="[600,734,662,689]" captionStart="FIGURES 26–51" captionStartId="4.[136,243,1735,1757]" captionTargetBox="[151,1435,190,1711]" captionTargetId="figure-25@4.[151,1435,190,1711]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="FIGURES 26–51: Staurosirella antarctica Van de Vijver & E.Morales sp. nov. All pictures taken from the holotype population (sample BY049). Figs 26–45. LM images. Fig. 45 shows a girdle view, whereas Figs 26–44 show valve views. Figs 46–51: SEM images. Fig. 46: Two entire frustules showing the linking spines, parts of the girdle bands and the mantle. Fig. 47: External view of an entire valve showing the heteropolar valve outline, the linking spines, the apical pore field and the striae. Fig. 48: Detail of the striae with slit-like areolae. Spines are positioned between the striae. Fig. 49: Detail of the apical pore field at the head pole showing 2 rows of small, rounded poroids separated from the striae. Fig. 50: Internal view of an entire valve. Fig. 51: External detail of the apical pore field at the foot pole. Scale bar represents 10 µm except for Figs 48, 49, 51 where scale bar = 1µm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5138829" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5138829/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="261">Figs 46–49</figureCitation>
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). The valve surface is slightly undulate due to the raised costae and the axial area, which are smooth (
|
||
<figureCitation id="130049B1FFA6CC5D1836FD679A9BFD79" box="[574,660,698,724]" captionStart="FIGURES 26–51" captionStartId="4.[136,243,1735,1757]" captionTargetBox="[151,1435,190,1711]" captionTargetId="figure-25@4.[151,1435,190,1711]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="FIGURES 26–51: Staurosirella antarctica Van de Vijver & E.Morales sp. nov. All pictures taken from the holotype population (sample BY049). Figs 26–45. LM images. Fig. 45 shows a girdle view, whereas Figs 26–44 show valve views. Figs 46–51: SEM images. Fig. 46: Two entire frustules showing the linking spines, parts of the girdle bands and the mantle. Fig. 47: External view of an entire valve showing the heteropolar valve outline, the linking spines, the apical pore field and the striae. Fig. 48: Detail of the striae with slit-like areolae. Spines are positioned between the striae. Fig. 49: Detail of the apical pore field at the head pole showing 2 rows of small, rounded poroids separated from the striae. Fig. 50: Internal view of an entire valve. Fig. 51: External detail of the apical pore field at the foot pole. Scale bar represents 10 µm except for Figs 48, 49, 51 where scale bar = 1µm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5138829" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5138829/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="261">Fig. 47</figureCitation>
|
||
). Apical pore fields are present on each apex, better developed at the foot-pole that at the head-pole. They are located on the valve mantle and composed of several, usually up to 6, rows of small round poroids (
|
||
<figureCitation id="130049B1FFA6CC5D1B71FCDF9A28FCB0" box="[377,551,770,797]" captionStart="FIGURES 26–51" captionStartId="4.[136,243,1735,1757]" captionTargetBox="[151,1435,190,1711]" captionTargetId="figure-25@4.[151,1435,190,1711]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="FIGURES 26–51: Staurosirella antarctica Van de Vijver & E.Morales sp. nov. All pictures taken from the holotype population (sample BY049). Figs 26–45. LM images. Fig. 45 shows a girdle view, whereas Figs 26–44 show valve views. Figs 46–51: SEM images. Fig. 46: Two entire frustules showing the linking spines, parts of the girdle bands and the mantle. Fig. 47: External view of an entire valve showing the heteropolar valve outline, the linking spines, the apical pore field and the striae. Fig. 48: Detail of the striae with slit-like areolae. Spines are positioned between the striae. Fig. 49: Detail of the apical pore field at the head pole showing 2 rows of small, rounded poroids separated from the striae. Fig. 50: Internal view of an entire valve. Fig. 51: External detail of the apical pore field at the foot pole. Scale bar represents 10 µm except for Figs 48, 49, 51 where scale bar = 1µm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5138829" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5138829/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="261">Figs 47, 49, 51</figureCitation>
|
||
). Internally, the apical pore fields are well separated from the striae and formed within a depression at the valve apices (
|
||
<figureCitation id="130049B1FFA6CC5D184DFCFB9A96FCEC" box="[581,665,806,833]" captionStart="FIGURES 26–51" captionStartId="4.[136,243,1735,1757]" captionTargetBox="[151,1435,190,1711]" captionTargetId="figure-25@4.[151,1435,190,1711]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="FIGURES 26–51: Staurosirella antarctica Van de Vijver & E.Morales sp. nov. All pictures taken from the holotype population (sample BY049). Figs 26–45. LM images. Fig. 45 shows a girdle view, whereas Figs 26–44 show valve views. Figs 46–51: SEM images. Fig. 46: Two entire frustules showing the linking spines, parts of the girdle bands and the mantle. Fig. 47: External view of an entire valve showing the heteropolar valve outline, the linking spines, the apical pore field and the striae. Fig. 48: Detail of the striae with slit-like areolae. Spines are positioned between the striae. Fig. 49: Detail of the apical pore field at the head pole showing 2 rows of small, rounded poroids separated from the striae. Fig. 50: Internal view of an entire valve. Fig. 51: External detail of the apical pore field at the foot pole. Scale bar represents 10 µm except for Figs 48, 49, 51 where scale bar = 1µm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5138829" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5138829/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="261">Fig. 50</figureCitation>
|
||
). Rimoportulae are absent. The striae are composed of narrow slit-like to rectangular areolae running continuously from the valve face onto the mantle and becoming smaller toward the axial and mantle abvalvar areas (
|
||
<figureCitation id="130049B1FFA6CC5D1BBFFCB39A37FC25" box="[439,568,878,904]" captionStart="FIGURES 26–51" captionStartId="4.[136,243,1735,1757]" captionTargetBox="[151,1435,190,1711]" captionTargetId="figure-25@4.[151,1435,190,1711]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="FIGURES 26–51: Staurosirella antarctica Van de Vijver & E.Morales sp. nov. All pictures taken from the holotype population (sample BY049). Figs 26–45. LM images. Fig. 45 shows a girdle view, whereas Figs 26–44 show valve views. Figs 46–51: SEM images. Fig. 46: Two entire frustules showing the linking spines, parts of the girdle bands and the mantle. Fig. 47: External view of an entire valve showing the heteropolar valve outline, the linking spines, the apical pore field and the striae. Fig. 48: Detail of the striae with slit-like areolae. Spines are positioned between the striae. Fig. 49: Detail of the apical pore field at the head pole showing 2 rows of small, rounded poroids separated from the striae. Fig. 50: Internal view of an entire valve. Fig. 51: External detail of the apical pore field at the foot pole. Scale bar represents 10 µm except for Figs 48, 49, 51 where scale bar = 1µm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5138829" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5138829/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="261">Figs 48, 49</figureCitation>
|
||
). Areolae ca.
|
||
<quantity id="4CC3F8D1FFA6CC5D18C6FCB39B3FFC25" box="[718,816,878,905]" metricMagnitude="0" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.4605" metricValueMax="1.524" metricValueMin="1.3969999999999998" pageId="5" pageNumber="261" unit="in" value="57.5" valueMax="60.0" valueMin="55.0">55–60 in</quantity>
|
||
<quantity id="4CC3F8D1FFA6CC5D193EFCB39B71FC24" box="[822,894,878,905]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.0" pageId="5" pageNumber="261" unit="mm" value="10.0">10 µm</quantity>
|
||
along the striae (
|
||
<figureCitation id="130049B1FFA6CC5D1E34FCB39CB0FC25" box="[1084,1215,878,904]" captionStart="FIGURES 26–51" captionStartId="4.[136,243,1735,1757]" captionTargetBox="[151,1435,190,1711]" captionTargetId="figure-25@4.[151,1435,190,1711]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="FIGURES 26–51: Staurosirella antarctica Van de Vijver & E.Morales sp. nov. All pictures taken from the holotype population (sample BY049). Figs 26–45. LM images. Fig. 45 shows a girdle view, whereas Figs 26–44 show valve views. Figs 46–51: SEM images. Fig. 46: Two entire frustules showing the linking spines, parts of the girdle bands and the mantle. Fig. 47: External view of an entire valve showing the heteropolar valve outline, the linking spines, the apical pore field and the striae. Fig. 48: Detail of the striae with slit-like areolae. Spines are positioned between the striae. Fig. 49: Detail of the apical pore field at the head pole showing 2 rows of small, rounded poroids separated from the striae. Fig. 50: Internal view of an entire valve. Fig. 51: External detail of the apical pore field at the foot pole. Scale bar represents 10 µm except for Figs 48, 49, 51 where scale bar = 1µm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5138829" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5138829/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="261">Figs 47–49</figureCitation>
|
||
). The mantle areolae, usually 4-5, are gradually becoming smaller than the areolae toward the axial area (
|
||
<figureCitation id="130049B1FFA6CC5D1E45FC4F9CACFC01" box="[1101,1187,914,940]" captionStart="FIGURES 26–51" captionStartId="4.[136,243,1735,1757]" captionTargetBox="[151,1435,190,1711]" captionTargetId="figure-25@4.[151,1435,190,1711]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="FIGURES 26–51: Staurosirella antarctica Van de Vijver & E.Morales sp. nov. All pictures taken from the holotype population (sample BY049). Figs 26–45. LM images. Fig. 45 shows a girdle view, whereas Figs 26–44 show valve views. Figs 46–51: SEM images. Fig. 46: Two entire frustules showing the linking spines, parts of the girdle bands and the mantle. Fig. 47: External view of an entire valve showing the heteropolar valve outline, the linking spines, the apical pore field and the striae. Fig. 48: Detail of the striae with slit-like areolae. Spines are positioned between the striae. Fig. 49: Detail of the apical pore field at the head pole showing 2 rows of small, rounded poroids separated from the striae. Fig. 50: Internal view of an entire valve. Fig. 51: External detail of the apical pore field at the foot pole. Scale bar represents 10 µm except for Figs 48, 49, 51 where scale bar = 1µm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5138829" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5138829/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="261">Fig. 48</figureCitation>
|
||
). The volae are clearly developed and form a complex structure within the areolae (
|
||
<figureCitation id="130049B1FFA6CC5D194CFC6B9BC9FC7D" box="[836,966,950,976]" captionStart="FIGURES 26–51" captionStartId="4.[136,243,1735,1757]" captionTargetBox="[151,1435,190,1711]" captionTargetId="figure-25@4.[151,1435,190,1711]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="FIGURES 26–51: Staurosirella antarctica Van de Vijver & E.Morales sp. nov. All pictures taken from the holotype population (sample BY049). Figs 26–45. LM images. Fig. 45 shows a girdle view, whereas Figs 26–44 show valve views. Figs 46–51: SEM images. Fig. 46: Two entire frustules showing the linking spines, parts of the girdle bands and the mantle. Fig. 47: External view of an entire valve showing the heteropolar valve outline, the linking spines, the apical pore field and the striae. Fig. 48: Detail of the striae with slit-like areolae. Spines are positioned between the striae. Fig. 49: Detail of the apical pore field at the head pole showing 2 rows of small, rounded poroids separated from the striae. Fig. 50: Internal view of an entire valve. Fig. 51: External detail of the apical pore field at the foot pole. Scale bar represents 10 µm except for Figs 48, 49, 51 where scale bar = 1µm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5138829" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5138829/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="261">Fig. 47–49</figureCitation>
|
||
). Internally, the costae are also raised and thickened compared to the striae (
|
||
<figureCitation id="130049B1FFA6CC5D1809FC079A5AFC58" box="[513,597,986,1013]" captionStart="FIGURES 26–51" captionStartId="4.[136,243,1735,1757]" captionTargetBox="[151,1435,190,1711]" captionTargetId="figure-25@4.[151,1435,190,1711]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="FIGURES 26–51: Staurosirella antarctica Van de Vijver & E.Morales sp. nov. All pictures taken from the holotype population (sample BY049). Figs 26–45. LM images. Fig. 45 shows a girdle view, whereas Figs 26–44 show valve views. Figs 46–51: SEM images. Fig. 46: Two entire frustules showing the linking spines, parts of the girdle bands and the mantle. Fig. 47: External view of an entire valve showing the heteropolar valve outline, the linking spines, the apical pore field and the striae. Fig. 48: Detail of the striae with slit-like areolae. Spines are positioned between the striae. Fig. 49: Detail of the apical pore field at the head pole showing 2 rows of small, rounded poroids separated from the striae. Fig. 50: Internal view of an entire valve. Fig. 51: External detail of the apical pore field at the foot pole. Scale bar represents 10 µm except for Figs 48, 49, 51 where scale bar = 1µm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5138829" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5138829/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="261">Fig. 50</figureCitation>
|
||
). The girdle bands are open and lack perforations (
|
||
<figureCitation id="130049B1FFA6CC5D1E82FC079CD1FC58" box="[1162,1246,986,1013]" captionStart="FIGURES 26–51" captionStartId="4.[136,243,1735,1757]" captionTargetBox="[151,1435,190,1711]" captionTargetId="figure-25@4.[151,1435,190,1711]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="FIGURES 26–51: Staurosirella antarctica Van de Vijver & E.Morales sp. nov. All pictures taken from the holotype population (sample BY049). Figs 26–45. LM images. Fig. 45 shows a girdle view, whereas Figs 26–44 show valve views. Figs 46–51: SEM images. Fig. 46: Two entire frustules showing the linking spines, parts of the girdle bands and the mantle. Fig. 47: External view of an entire valve showing the heteropolar valve outline, the linking spines, the apical pore field and the striae. Fig. 48: Detail of the striae with slit-like areolae. Spines are positioned between the striae. Fig. 49: Detail of the apical pore field at the head pole showing 2 rows of small, rounded poroids separated from the striae. Fig. 50: Internal view of an entire valve. Fig. 51: External detail of the apical pore field at the foot pole. Scale bar represents 10 µm except for Figs 48, 49, 51 where scale bar = 1µm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5138829" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5138829/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="261">Fig. 46</figureCitation>
|
||
). The valvocopula are presumably fimbriate and wider than the other narrower copulae (
|
||
<figureCitation id="130049B1FFA6CC5D199AFC239BE8FBB4" box="[914,999,1022,1049]" captionStart="FIGURES 26–51" captionStartId="4.[136,243,1735,1757]" captionTargetBox="[151,1435,190,1711]" captionTargetId="figure-25@4.[151,1435,190,1711]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="FIGURES 26–51: Staurosirella antarctica Van de Vijver & E.Morales sp. nov. All pictures taken from the holotype population (sample BY049). Figs 26–45. LM images. Fig. 45 shows a girdle view, whereas Figs 26–44 show valve views. Figs 46–51: SEM images. Fig. 46: Two entire frustules showing the linking spines, parts of the girdle bands and the mantle. Fig. 47: External view of an entire valve showing the heteropolar valve outline, the linking spines, the apical pore field and the striae. Fig. 48: Detail of the striae with slit-like areolae. Spines are positioned between the striae. Fig. 49: Detail of the apical pore field at the head pole showing 2 rows of small, rounded poroids separated from the striae. Fig. 50: Internal view of an entire valve. Fig. 51: External detail of the apical pore field at the foot pole. Scale bar represents 10 µm except for Figs 48, 49, 51 where scale bar = 1µm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5138829" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5138829/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="261">Fig. 46</figureCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C32106BFFFA6CC5D1AB5FBFF9B1BFB28" pageId="5" pageNumber="261" type="materials_examined">
|
||
<paragraph id="8B845534FFA6CC5D1AB5FBFF9B1BFB28" blockId="5.[136,1452,482,1445]" pageId="5" pageNumber="261">
|
||
<emphasis id="B94F8926FFA6CC5D1AB5FBFF98F7FB91" bold="true" box="[189,248,1058,1084]" pageId="5" pageNumber="261">Type</emphasis>
|
||
:—
|
||
<materialsCitation id="3B535F69FFA6CC5D1B14FBFF9B1FFB28" collectingDate="2009-01-14" collectorName="Leg. B. Van de Vijver" country="Antarctica" county="University of Antwerp" latitude="-62.645306" location="Pool" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="-61.10636" municipality="Van de Vijver" pageId="5" pageNumber="261" specimenCount="1" typeStatus="holotype">
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F32C15A4FFA6CC5D1B14FBFF99B5FB91" box="[284,442,1058,1084]" name="Antarctica" pageId="5" pageNumber="261">ANTARTICA</collectingCountry>
|
||
.
|
||
<location id="8EE403EFFFA6CC5D1BCFFBFF99F5FB91" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:0392E422FFA6CC5D1A80FF4399EAFA09:8EE403EFFFA6CC5D1BCFFBFF99F5FB91" box="[455,506,1058,1084]" country="Antarctica" county="University of Antwerp" latitude="-62.645306" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="-61.10636" municipality="Van de Vijver" name="Pool" pageId="5" pageNumber="261">Pool</location>
|
||
near
|
||
<location id="8EE403EFFFA6CC5D183FFBFF9AF3FB91" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:0392E422FFA6CC5D1A80FF4399EAFA09:8EE403EFFFA6CC5D183FFBFF9AF3FB91" box="[567,764,1058,1084]" country="Antarctica" county="University of Antwerp" latitude="-62.645306" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="-61.10636" municipality="Van de Vijver" name="Limnopolar Lake" pageId="5" pageNumber="261">Limnopolar Lake</location>
|
||
,
|
||
<location id="8EE403EFFFA6CC5D190FFBFE9BB1FB91" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:0392E422FFA6CC5D1A80FF4399EAFA09:8EE403EFFFA6CC5D190FFBFE9BB1FB91" box="[775,958,1058,1085]" country="Antarctica" county="University of Antwerp" latitude="-62.645306" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="-61.10636" municipality="Van de Vijver" name="Byers Peninsula" pageId="5" pageNumber="261">Byers Peninsula</location>
|
||
,
|
||
<location id="8EE403EFFFA6CC5D19C0FBFF9C83FB91" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:0392E422FFA6CC5D1A80FF4399EAFA09:8EE403EFFFA6CC5D19C0FBFF9C83FB91" box="[968,1164,1058,1084]" country="Antarctica" county="University of Antwerp" latitude="-62.645306" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="-61.10636" municipality="Van de Vijver" name="Livingston Island" pageId="5" pageNumber="261">Livingston Island</location>
|
||
(
|
||
<location id="8EE403EFFFA6CC5D1E92FBFF9D90FB90" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:0392E422FFA6CC5D1A80FF4399EAFA09:8EE403EFFFA6CC5D1E92FBFF9D90FB90" box="[1178,1439,1058,1085]" country="Antarctica" county="University of Antwerp" latitude="-62.645306" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="-61.10636" municipality="Van de Vijver" name="South Shetland Islands" pageId="5" pageNumber="261">South Shetland Islands</location>
|
||
), sample BY049 (
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="EE0F33F3FFA6CC5D1B4DFB9B99EDFBCD" box="[325,482,1094,1120]" degrees="62" direction="south" minutes="38" orientation="latitude" pageId="5" pageNumber="261" precision="1" seconds="43.1" value="-62.645306">62°38’43.1”S</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="EE0F33F3FFA6CC5D1BF9FB9B9A96FBCC" box="[497,665,1094,1121]" degrees="61" direction="west" minutes="06" orientation="longitude" pageId="5" pageNumber="261" precision="1" seconds="22.9" value="-61.10636">61°06’22.9”W</geoCoordinate>
|
||
),
|
||
<collectorName id="26CE30E2FFA6CC5D18B8FB9A9BBDFBCD" box="[688,946,1094,1121]" pageId="5" pageNumber="261">
|
||
Leg. B.
|
||
<collectingMunicipality id="6BE0CF4EFFA6CC5D1918FB9A9BBDFBCD" box="[784,946,1094,1121]" pageId="5" pageNumber="261">Van de Vijver</collectingMunicipality>
|
||
</collectorName>
|
||
, coll. date
|
||
<date id="FF8573F4FFA6CC5D1E3DFB9B9CBBFBCD" box="[1077,1204,1094,1120]" pageId="5" pageNumber="261" value="2009-01-14">
|
||
<collectingDate id="EFC18A1CFFA6CC5D1E3DFB9B9CBBFBCD" box="[1077,1204,1094,1120]" pageId="5" pageNumber="261" value="2009-01-14">14/01/2009</collectingDate>
|
||
</date>
|
||
(BR-4326
|
||
<typeStatus id="5480EB96FFA6CC5D1F31FB9B9DABFBCD" box="[1337,1444,1094,1120]" pageId="5" pageNumber="261" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
|
||
!,
|
||
<collectingCounty id="62E52DB8FFA6CC5D1A80FBB79988FB29" box="[136,391,1130,1156]" pageId="5" pageNumber="261">University of Antwerp</collectingCounty>
|
||
, Belgium slide PLP-227, isotypes)
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C32106BFFFA6CC5D1AB5FB539D13FB05" box="[189,1308,1166,1193]" pageId="5" pageNumber="261" type="etymology">
|
||
<paragraph id="8B845534FFA6CC5D1AB5FB539D13FB05" blockId="5.[136,1452,482,1445]" box="[189,1308,1166,1193]" pageId="5" pageNumber="261">
|
||
<emphasis id="B94F8926FFA6CC5D1AB5FB539931FB05" bold="true" box="[189,318,1166,1192]" pageId="5" pageNumber="261">Etymology</emphasis>
|
||
:—The species epithet refers to the general geographic area were this diatom was found.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C32106BFFFA6CC5D1AB5FB6F99EAFA09" pageId="5" pageNumber="261" type="biology_ecology">
|
||
<paragraph id="8B845534FFA6CC5D1AB5FB6F99EAFA09" blockId="5.[136,1452,482,1445]" pageId="5" pageNumber="261">
|
||
<emphasis id="B94F8926FFA6CC5D1AB5FB6F99D8FB61" bold="true" box="[189,471,1202,1228]" pageId="5" pageNumber="261">Ecology & Distribution</emphasis>
|
||
:—Due to force-fitting, all
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C3B2EB7FFA6CC5D1905FB6F9B92FB61" box="[781,925,1202,1228]" class="Bacillariophyceae" family="Fragilariaceae" genus="Staurosirella" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Chromista" order="Fragilariales" pageId="5" pageNumber="261" phylum="Bacillariophyta" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B94F8926FFA6CC5D1905FB6F9B92FB61" box="[781,925,1202,1228]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="261">Staurosirella</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
populations in the Maritime Antarctic Region have been grouped under
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C3B2EB7FFA6CC5D1BBAFB0B9B3BFB5D" authorityName="D. M. Williams & Round" authorityYear="1987" baseAuthorityName="Ehrenb." baseAuthorityYear="1843" box="[434,820,1238,1265]" class="Bacillariophyceae" family="Fragilariaceae" genus="Staurosirella" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Chromista" order="Fragilariales" pageId="5" pageNumber="261" phylum="Bacillariophyta" rank="species" species="pinnata" subGenus="Fragilaria">
|
||
<emphasis id="B94F8926FFA6CC5D1BBAFB0B9A4DFB5D" box="[434,578,1238,1264]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="261">Staurosirella</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<emphasis id="B94F8926FFA6CC5D185DFB0B9AC4FB5D" box="[597,715,1238,1264]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="261">Fragilaria</emphasis>
|
||
)
|
||
<emphasis id="B94F8926FFA6CC5D18D6FB0A9B3BFB5D" box="[734,820,1239,1264]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="261">pinnata</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
making it at present impossible to determine the exact distribution of the new species.
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C3B2EB7FFA6CC5D1BFAFB279AF2FAB9" authorityName="Van de Vijver & E. Morales" authorityYear="2014" box="[498,765,1274,1300]" class="Bacillariophyceae" family="Fragilariaceae" genus="Staurosirella" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Chromista" order="Fragilariales" pageId="5" pageNumber="261" phylum="Bacillariophyta" rank="species" species="antarctica">
|
||
<emphasis id="B94F8926FFA6CC5D1BFAFB279AF2FAB9" box="[498,765,1274,1300]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="261">Staurosirella antarctica</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
was with certainty found in one small pool (
|
||
<quantity id="4CC3F8D1FFA6CC5D1EF5FB279D37FAB8" box="[1277,1336,1274,1301]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.0" pageId="5" pageNumber="261" unit="m" value="10.0">10 m</quantity>
|
||
diameter) close to Limnopolar Lake. On one side of the pool water was dripping from a rock surface in the pool while on the other side, water was flowing out in a small braided river. The bottom was covered sediment with fine sediment and larger pebbles. Thin algal mats were present in the pool. The pool had a rather alkaline pH (7.6) with a low specific conductance value (58 µS/cm).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |