143 lines
15 KiB
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143 lines
15 KiB
XML
<document id="B1EC539F2BCA6ADFE28A72A7FB2131EB" ID-DOI="10.18590/euscorpius.2003.vol2003.iss11.1" ID-ISSN="1536-9307" ID-Zenodo-Dep="13237351" IM.bibliography_approvedBy="felipe" IM.illustrations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="guilherme" IM.tables_requiresApprovalFor="existingObjects" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" IM.treatments_approvedBy="guilherme" checkinTime="1721353212353" checkinUser="felipe" docAuthor="Soleglad, Michael E. & Fet, Victor" docDate="2003" docId="038A87D5D739F53CFF615B00FA365441" docLanguage="en" docName="Euscorpius.11.1-175.pdf" docOrigin="Euscorpius 2003 (11)" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.18590/euscorpius.2003.vol2003.iss11.1" docStyle="DocumentStyle:05AD4CDCECA6C90C60787CEF3EC4672A.3:Euscorpius.2002-2019.journal_article" docStyleId="05AD4CDCECA6C90C60787CEF3EC4672A" docStyleName="Euscorpius.2002-2019.journal_article" docStyleVersion="3" docTitle="Diplocentrinae Karsch 1880" docType="treatment" docVersion="5" lastPageNumber="114" masterDocId="FFB3FFADD74CF549FFA15E77FFB0560F" masterDocTitle="High-level systematics and phylogeny of the extant scorpions (Scorpiones: Orthosterni)" masterLastPageNumber="175" masterPageNumber="1" pageNumber="114" updateTime="1722954143772" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
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<mods:mods id="425FD927F1D6F4C3F4195FCBB9B9A093" xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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<mods:titleInfo id="6991B09BDFE54E6D2B2AA5913881A00D">
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<mods:title id="0E9EC247A9F6A64383F703301443A985">High-level systematics and phylogeny of the extant scorpions (Scorpiones: Orthosterni)</mods:title>
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<mods:name id="F6F21CE654F18ED2E5DE803E6F5F95E5" type="personal">
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<mods:namePart id="81E64CFF91A3A10808E2850C20401F23">Soleglad, Michael E.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="4525B84D32D0896FBD1C932108A6D5EE">Fet, Victor</mods:namePart>
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<mods:typeOfResource id="AE786BC956D3CCB5E0858ABB96589316">text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:title id="382FC4F290C0FBCCF92EC81C1CF51A31">Euscorpius</mods:title>
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<mods:part id="3AE8568F4ED6574372D784AF51C7C335">
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<mods:date id="5857E7FBCE8650D92272CD1125A943DD">2003</mods:date>
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<mods:number id="1A8BDEE9F7B3B9CE6E13F392D55C5BA7">2003-12-26</mods:number>
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<mods:detail id="93DB452201153245F48AA1B7DEA2AAD6" type="volume">
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<mods:number id="E64BED8C1AB18203103FE9653960C9CB">2003</mods:number>
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<mods:number id="29C93259208A626F16A753874E842B15">11</mods:number>
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<mods:url id="BC0ABAE89276534C799D6CF6F8D14D65">http://dx.doi.org/10.18590/euscorpius.2003.vol2003.iss11.1</mods:url>
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<mods:classification id="E175A5A8A4B2E49D61D332E3180B80A3">journal article</mods:classification>
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<mods:identifier id="C8C79883EA739A06387F074C1AB9E078" type="DOI">10.18590/euscorpius.2003.vol2003.iss11.1</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier id="682B1F7B5F50B4F7EF668561D18EA0BF" type="ISSN">1536-9307</mods:identifier>
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<treatment id="038A87D5D739F53CFF615B00FA365441" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.12785285" ID-Zenodo-Dep="12785285" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:038A87D5D739F53CFF615B00FA365441" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/038A87D5D739F53CFF615B00FA365441" lastPageNumber="114" pageId="117" pageNumber="114">
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<subSubSection id="C3396548D739F53CFF615B00FD315381" box="[192,641,1399,1422]" pageId="117" pageNumber="114" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="8B9C36C3D739F53CFF615B00FD315381" blockId="117.[192,803,1399,1889]" box="[192,641,1399,1422]" pageId="117" pageNumber="114">
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<heading id="D0D481AFD739F53CFF615B00FD315381" box="[192,641,1399,1422]" fontSize="10" level="2" pageId="117" pageNumber="114" reason="5">
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<emphasis id="B957EAD1D739F53CFF615B00FD315381" bold="true" box="[192,641,1399,1422]" pageId="117" pageNumber="114">
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Subfamily
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<taxonomicName id="4C234D40D739F53CFE9D5B00FD315381" authority="Karsch, 1880" authorityName="Karsch" authorityYear="1880" box="[316,641,1399,1422]" class="Arachnida" family="Diplocentridae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Scorpiones" pageId="117" pageNumber="114" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subFamily" subFamily="Diplocentrinae">Diplocentrinae Karsch, 1880</taxonomicName>
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</emphasis>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C3396548D739F53CFF515BE1FD685064" pageId="117" pageNumber="114" type="type_taxon">
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<paragraph id="8B9C36C3D739F53CFF515BE1FD2D53A2" blockId="117.[192,803,1399,1889]" box="[240,669,1430,1453]" pageId="117" pageNumber="114">
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<typeStatus id="54988861D739F53CFF515BE1FE9553A2" box="[240,293,1430,1453]" pageId="117" pageNumber="114">Type</typeStatus>
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Genus.
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<taxonomicName id="4C234D40D739F53CFE215BE1FD2A53A2" ID-CoL="4674" authority="Peters, 1861" authorityName="Peters" authorityYear="1861" box="[384,666,1430,1453]" class="Arachnida" family="Diplocentridae" genus="Diplocentrus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Scorpiones" pageId="117" pageNumber="114" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="B957EAD1D739F53CFE215BE1FDBB53A2" box="[384,523,1430,1453]" italics="true" pageId="117" pageNumber="114">Diplocentrus</emphasis>
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<bibRefCitation id="EFB24B32D739F53CFDB25BE1FD2A53A2" author="PETERS" box="[531,666,1430,1453]" pageId="117" pageNumber="114" pagination="507 - 516" refId="ref95496" refString="PETERS, W. 1861. (Ueber eine neue Eintheilung der Skorpione und ueber die von ihm in Mossambique gesammelten Arten von Skorpionen). Monatsberichte der Koniglichen Preussischen Akademie der Wissenschaften zu Berlin, 1861: 507 - 516." type="journal article" year="1861">Peters, 1861</bibRefCitation>
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</taxonomicName>
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.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8B9C36C3D739F53CFF515BC2FED853C3" blockId="117.[192,803,1399,1889]" box="[240,360,1461,1484]" pageId="117" pageNumber="114">
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<emphasis id="B957EAD1D739F53CFF515BC2FED153C3" bold="true" box="[240,353,1461,1484]" italics="true" pageId="117" pageNumber="114">Synonyms</emphasis>
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.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8B9C36C3D739F53CFE815BA2FE135002" blockId="117.[192,803,1399,1889]" pageId="117" pageNumber="114">
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<taxonomicName id="4C234D40D739F53CFE815BA2FEC953E3" box="[288,377,1493,1516]" class="Arachnida" family="Scorpionidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Scorpiones" pageId="117" pageNumber="114" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subFamily" subFamily="Nebinae">Nebinae</taxonomicName>
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Kraepelin, 1905,
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<emphasis id="B957EAD1D739F53CFDC85BA2FC9153E3" bold="true" box="[617,801,1493,1516]" pageId="117" pageNumber="114">
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<taxonomicNameLabel id="A26457AAD739F53CFDC85BA2FC9153E3" box="[617,801,1493,1516]" pageId="117" pageNumber="114">new synonymy</taxonomicNameLabel>
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</emphasis>
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(valid as tribe name).
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8B9C36C3D739F53CFF515860FD685064" blockId="117.[192,803,1399,1889]" pageId="117" pageNumber="114">
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<emphasis id="B957EAD1D739F53CFF515860FE325021" bold="true" box="[240,386,1559,1582]" italics="true" pageId="117" pageNumber="114">Composition.</emphasis>
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This taxon is downgraded here from family to subfamily rank. The subfamily includes two tribes,
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<taxonomicName id="4C234D40D739F53CFEA95823FE265064" authorityName="Karsch" authorityYear="1880" box="[264,406,1620,1643]" class="Arachnida" family="Diplocentridae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Scorpiones" pageId="117" pageNumber="114" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="tribe" tribe="Diplocentrini">Diplocentrini</taxonomicName>
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and
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<taxonomicName id="4C234D40D739F53CFE6B5823FDA55064" authorityName="Kraepelin" authorityYear="1905" box="[458,533,1620,1643]" class="Arachnida" family="Diplocentridae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Scorpiones" pageId="117" pageNumber="114" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="tribe" tribe="Nebini">Nebini</taxonomicName>
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, and eight genera.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C3396548D739F53CFF515804FADB541E" pageId="117" pageNumber="114" type="distribution">
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<paragraph id="8B9C36C3D739F53CFF515804FDD650A6" blockId="117.[192,803,1399,1889]" pageId="117" pageNumber="114">
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<emphasis id="B957EAD1D739F53CFF515804FECC5085" bold="true" box="[240,380,1651,1674]" italics="true" pageId="117" pageNumber="114">Distribution.</emphasis>
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Asia (Middle East), North America, Caribbean, Central and South America.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8B9C36C3D739F53CFF5158C7FC91516E" blockId="117.[192,803,1399,1889]" pageId="117" pageNumber="114">
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<emphasis id="B957EAD1D739F53CFF5158C7FE7750C8" bold="true" box="[240,455,1712,1735]" italics="true" pageId="117" pageNumber="114">Taxonomic history</emphasis>
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. Interestingly, this taxon was originally established as a subfamily of
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<taxonomicName id="4C234D40D739F53CFD2F58B8FCAF50E9" authorityName="Latreille" authorityYear="1802" box="[654,799,1743,1766]" class="Arachnida" family="Scorpionidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Scorpiones" pageId="117" pageNumber="114" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="family">Scorpionidae</taxonomicName>
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. Kraepelin (1905) elevated it to the family rank, and it was treated for almost 100 years as a family
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<taxonomicName id="4C234D40D739F53CFD16597BFDB7514D" authority="(Sissom & Fet, 2000 b)" baseAuthorityName="Sissom & Fet" baseAuthorityYear="2000" class="Arachnida" family="Diplocentridae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Scorpiones" pageId="117" pageNumber="114" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="family">Diplocentridae (Sissom & Fet, 2000b)</taxonomicName>
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.
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<bibRefCitation id="EFB24B32D739F53CFDB5595CFD70514D" author="PRENDINI" box="[532,704,1835,1858]" pageId="117" pageNumber="114" pagination="1 - 78" refId="ref95824" refString="PRENDINI, L. 2000. Phylogeny and classification of the superfamily Scorpionoidea Latreille 1802 (Chelicerata, Scorpiones): An exemplar approach. Cladistics, 16: 1 - 78. (March 2000)." type="journal article" year="2000">Prendini (2000)</bibRefCitation>
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in a detailed phylogenetic analysis demonstrated its position as
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8B9C36C3D739F53CFC9F5EB0FCC456F2" blockId="117.[830,1441,199,590]" pageId="117" pageNumber="114">
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a sister group to
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<taxonomicName id="4C234D40D739F53CFC545EB0FB3256D1" authorityName="Latreille" authorityYear="1802" box="[1013,1154,199,222]" class="Arachnida" family="Scorpionidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Scorpiones" pageId="117" pageNumber="114" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="family">Scorpionidae</taxonomicName>
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(our subfamily
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<taxonomicName id="4C234D40D739F53CFA8E5EB0FCD756F2" authorityName="Latreille" authorityYear="1802" class="Arachnida" family="Scorpionidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Scorpiones" pageId="117" pageNumber="114" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subFamily" subFamily="Scorpioninae">Scorpioninae</taxonomicName>
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).
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8B9C36C3D739F53CFCCF5F73FADB541E" blockId="117.[830,1441,199,590]" pageId="117" pageNumber="114">
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<emphasis id="B957EAD1D739F53CFCCF5F73FBD65714" bold="true" box="[878,1126,260,283]" italics="true" pageId="117" pageNumber="114">Biogeographic history</emphasis>
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. The disjunct range of
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<taxonomicName id="4C234D40D739F53CFACE5F73FC055735" authorityName="Karsch" authorityYear="1880" class="Arachnida" family="Diplocentridae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Scorpiones" pageId="117" pageNumber="121" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subFamily" subFamily="Diplocentrinae">Diplocentrinae</taxonomicName>
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includes Middle East and New World. Lamoral (1980: 443) suggested that its origin could be Mesozoic (after fragmentation of Laurasia). It is hardly possible to explain this range by Gondwanaland fragmentation. The subsequent radiation of
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<taxonomicName id="4C234D40D739F53CFAA35FE9FA1157BA" authorityName="Karsch" authorityYear="1880" box="[1282,1441,414,437]" class="Arachnida" family="Diplocentridae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Scorpiones" pageId="117" pageNumber="121" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subFamily" subFamily="Diplocentrinae">Diplocentrinae</taxonomicName>
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could be Cenozoic, both in tropics and, especially, in the arid zones of North America and the Middle East (burrowing forms of
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<emphasis id="B957EAD1D739F53CFC525F8DFB73541E" box="[1011,1219,506,529]" italics="true" pageId="117" pageNumber="114">
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<taxonomicName id="4C234D40D739F53CFC525F8DFB9E541E" authorityName="Simon" authorityYear="1878" box="[1011,1070,506,529]" class="Arachnida" family="Diplocentridae" genus="Nebo" kingdom="Animalia" order="Scorpiones" pageId="117" pageNumber="114" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Nebo</taxonomicName>
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,
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<taxonomicName id="4C234D40D739F53CFB995F8DFB73541E" authorityName="Peters" authorityYear="1861" box="[1080,1219,506,529]" class="Arachnida" family="Diplocentridae" genus="Diplocentrus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Scorpiones" pageId="117" pageNumber="114" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Diplocentrus</taxonomicName>
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</emphasis>
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, and
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<taxonomicName id="4C234D40D739F53CFB5F5F8DFAEB541E" authorityName="Stahnke" authorityYear="1968" box="[1278,1371,506,529]" class="Arachnida" family="Diplocentridae" genus="Bioculus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Scorpiones" pageId="117" pageNumber="114" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="B957EAD1D739F53CFB5F5F8DFAEB541E" box="[1278,1371,506,529]" italics="true" pageId="117" pageNumber="114">Bioculus</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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).
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C3396548D739F53CFCCF5C6FFA365441" pageId="117" pageNumber="114" type="diagnosis">
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<paragraph id="8B9C36C3D739F53CFCCF5C6FFA365441" blockId="117.[830,1441,199,590]" pageId="117" pageNumber="114">
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<emphasis id="B957EAD1D739F53CFCCF5C6FFC6C5420" bold="true" box="[878,988,536,559]" italics="true" pageId="117" pageNumber="114">Diagnosis</emphasis>
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. See
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<bibRefCitation id="EFB24B32D739F53CFB835C6FFB7F5420" author="PRENDINI" box="[1058,1231,536,559]" pageId="117" pageNumber="114" pagination="1 - 78" refId="ref95824" refString="PRENDINI, L. 2000. Phylogeny and classification of the superfamily Scorpionoidea Latreille 1802 (Chelicerata, Scorpiones): An exemplar approach. Cladistics, 16: 1 - 78. (March 2000)." type="journal article" year="2000">Prendini (2000)</bibRefCitation>
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for details on the diagnosis of this subfamily (as family
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<taxonomicName id="4C234D40D739F53CFB765C40FACB5441" baseAuthorityName="Sissom & Fet" baseAuthorityYear="2000" box="[1239,1403,567,590]" class="Arachnida" family="Diplocentridae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Scorpiones" pageId="117" pageNumber="114" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="family">Diplocentridae</taxonomicName>
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).
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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</treatment>
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</document> |