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<document id="00CC39579286E9376D8DAF5698D55817" ID-ISSN="1175­5334" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1626380265891" checkinUser="felipe" docAuthor="Dietrich, C. H." docDate="2008" docId="038A213D491EFFCEFF31FA4A66153E68" docLanguage="en" docName="zt01727p038.pdf" docOrigin="Zootaxa 1727" docStyle="DocumentStyle:6581673A57F01A3145754A1E615EDFF0.4:Zootaxa.2007-2008.journal_article" docStyleId="6581673A57F01A3145754A1E615EDFF0" docStyleName="Zootaxa.2007-2008.journal_article" docStyleVersion="4" docTitle="Braxtonota Dietrich 2008, new genus" docType="treatment" docVersion="3" lastPageNumber="37" masterDocId="FFB359454918FFC6FFA6FFB765533F6A" masterDocTitle="Some remarkable new Neotropical treehoppers (Hemiptera: Cicadomorpha: Membracidae)" masterLastPageNumber="38" masterPageNumber="29" pageNumber="35" updateTime="1699010893382" updateUser="plazi" zenodo-license-document="CLOSED">
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<mods:title id="42AACEAF7639E65FCC4E49D6B08645FE">Some remarkable new Neotropical treehoppers (Hemiptera: Cicadomorpha: Membracidae)</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="B592334CA119C11A7BD941746A690FC8">Dietrich, C. H.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:date id="F9B47C7D733AAD8A524C5670938200BB">2008</mods:date>
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<mods:number id="2DF8771F44568DE42BFF4FCEAC729B29">2008-03-14</mods:number>
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<mods:number id="95E99F55EB32F9124C3A48755CB54FE7">1727</mods:number>
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<mods:classification id="B3D7527B8B1EF5549F3870ADAA58B430">journal article</mods:classification>
<mods:identifier id="AB92705642C29F0FD4F35468D983CFDF" type="ISSN">1175­5334</mods:identifier>
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<treatment id="038A213D491EFFCEFF31FA4A66153E68" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5107860" ID-Zenodo-Dep="5107860" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:038A213D491EFFCEFF31FA4A66153E68" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/038A213D491EFFCEFF31FA4A66153E68" lastPageId="8" lastPageNumber="37" pageId="6" pageNumber="35">
<subSubSection id="C339C3A0491EFFC0FF31FA4A64F4397D" box="[151,423,1533,1559]" pageId="6" pageNumber="35" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph id="8B9C902B491EFFC0FF31FA4A64F4397D" blockId="6.[151,423,1533,1595]" box="[151,423,1533,1559]" pageId="6" pageNumber="35">
<heading id="D0D42747491EFFC0FF31FA4A64F4397D" bold="true" box="[151,423,1533,1559]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="6" pageNumber="35" reason="1">
<emphasis id="B9574C39491EFFC0FF31FA4A64F4397D" bold="true" box="[151,423,1533,1559]" pageId="6" pageNumber="35">
<taxonomicName id="4C23EBA8491EFFC0FF31FA4A644C397D" authority="Dietrich, 2008" authorityName="Dietrich" authorityYear="2008" box="[151,287,1533,1559]" class="Insecta" family="Membracidae" genus="Braxtonota" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="35" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus" status="gen. nov.">
<emphasis id="B9574C39491EFFC0FF31FA4A644C397D" bold="true" box="[151,287,1533,1559]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="35">Braxtonota</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A264F142491EFFC0FE80FA4A64F4397D" box="[294,423,1533,1559]" pageId="6" pageNumber="35" rank="genus">new genus</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
</heading>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C339C3A0491EFFC0FF31F99664C03951" box="[151,403,1569,1595]" pageId="6" pageNumber="35" type="description">
<paragraph id="8B9C902B491EFFC0FF31F99664C03951" blockId="6.[151,423,1533,1595]" box="[151,403,1569,1595]" pageId="6" pageNumber="35">
(
<figureCitation id="13188CAE491EFFC0FF39F996645B3951" box="[159,264,1569,1595]" captionStart="FIGURES 1–8" captionStartId="2.[151,269,1834,1858]" captionTargetBox="[179,1409,197,1754]" captionTargetId="figure-80@2.[169,1417,197,1817]" captionTargetPageId="2" captionText="FIGURES 1–8. 1–5, habitus. 1, Smerdalea veracruzensis, holotype, lateral view; 2, Smerdalea imminens, male (Onkonegare, Orellana, Ecuador), lateral view; 3–4, Smergotomia clairae, holotype, lateral and dorsal views; 5, Braxtonota enigmata, holotype, lateral view. 6, S. veracruzensis, second and third valvulae, lateral view. 7, S. clairae, second valvulae, lateral view. 8, B. enigmata, second and third valvulae, lateral view." pageId="6" pageNumber="35">Figs 5, 8</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="13188CAE491EFFC0FEB3F99664D93951" box="[277,394,1569,1595]" captionStart="FIGURES 9–16" captionStartId="5.[151,269,1779,1803]" captionTargetBox="[188,1400,382,1749]" captionTargetId="figure-183@5.[169,1417,376,1775]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="FIGURES 9–16. 9–11, head, anterior view. 9, S. veracruzensis, holotype; 10, S. clairae, holotype; 11, B. enigmata, holotype. 12–16, wings. 12, S. veracruzensis, forewing; 13–14, S. clairae, fore- and hind wing; 15–16, B. enigmata, fore- and hind wing." pageId="6" pageNumber="35">11, 15, 16</figureCitation>
)
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C339C3A0491EFFC0FF31F9C7674539E1" box="[151,534,1648,1675]" pageId="6" pageNumber="35" type="type_taxon">
<paragraph id="8B9C902B491EFFC0FF31F9C7674539E1" blockId="6.[151,1437,1648,2035]" box="[151,534,1648,1675]" pageId="6" pageNumber="35">
<emphasis id="B9574C39491EFFC0FF31F9C7646839E0" bold="true" box="[151,315,1648,1674]" pageId="6" pageNumber="35">
<typeStatus id="54982E89491EFFC0FF31F9C7658739E0" box="[151,212,1648,1674]" pageId="6" pageNumber="35">Type</typeStatus>
species:
</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="4C23EBA8491EFFC0FEE5F9C6648339E0" authority="Dietrich, 2008" authorityName="Dietrich" authorityYear="2008" box="[323,464,1649,1674]" class="Insecta" family="Membracidae" genus="Braxtonota" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="35" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="enigmata" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="B9574C39491EFFC0FEE5F9C6648339E0" box="[323,464,1649,1674]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="35">B. enigmata</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A264F142491EFFC0FE7EF9C6674539E1" box="[472,534,1649,1675]" pageId="6" pageNumber="35" rank="species">n. sp.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C339C3A0491EFFC0FF60F92F642938C9" pageId="6" pageNumber="35" type="diagnosis">
<paragraph id="8B9C902B491EFFC0FF60F92F642938C9" blockId="6.[151,1437,1648,2035]" pageId="6" pageNumber="35">
<emphasis id="B9574C39491EFFC0FF60F92F641539D8" bold="true" box="[198,326,1688,1714]" pageId="6" pageNumber="35">Diagnosis.</emphasis>
This genus resembles other Caribbean
<taxonomicName id="4C23EBA8491EFFC0FC97F92E66EA39D9" baseAuthorityName="Wallace and Deitz" baseAuthorityYear="2004" box="[817,953,1689,1715]" class="Insecta" family="Membracidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="35" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subFamily" subFamily="Centrotinae">Centrotinae</taxonomicName>
in having the pronotum contacting the scutellum dorsally throughout its length, the mesothoracic femur without cucullate setae, and the abdominal terga with anterior borders modified into irregular ridges, but may be readily distinguished by the following combination of features: frontoclypeus in profile not projecting ventrad; pronotum without suprahumeral horns, not concealing scutellum laterally, with pair of lateral carinae extended posterolaterad from midline; hind femur without supranumerary cucullate setae; second valvulae broad at midlength, tapered towards apex, without large teeth.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C339C3A0491EFFCEFF60F80766153E68" lastPageId="8" lastPageNumber="37" pageId="6" pageNumber="35" type="description">
<paragraph id="8B9C902B491EFFC1FF60F807617E3C0F" blockId="6.[151,1437,1648,2035]" lastBlockId="7.[151,1436,152,1992]" lastPageId="7" lastPageNumber="36" pageId="6" pageNumber="35">
<emphasis id="B9574C39491EFFC0FF60F807640D38A0" bold="true" box="[198,350,1968,1994]" pageId="6" pageNumber="35">Description.</emphasis>
Medium sized (
<quantity id="4CDB3DCE491EFFC0FD83F806672138A1" box="[549,626,1969,1995]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="7.0" pageId="6" pageNumber="35" unit="mm" value="7.0">7 mm</quantity>
).
<emphasis id="B9574C39491EFFC0FD2EF806664338A0" box="[648,784,1969,1994]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="35">Coloration.</emphasis>
Mottled brown.
<emphasis id="B9574C39491EFFC0FC7BF806611B38A0" box="[989,1096,1969,1994]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="35">Structure</emphasis>
. Head (
<figureCitation id="13188CAE491EFFC0FB0DF806605238A1" box="[1195,1281,1969,1995]" captionStart="FIGURES 9–16" captionStartId="5.[151,269,1779,1803]" captionTargetBox="[188,1400,382,1749]" captionTargetId="figure-183@5.[169,1417,376,1775]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="FIGURES 9–16. 9–11, head, anterior view. 9, S. veracruzensis, holotype; 10, S. clairae, holotype; 11, B. enigmata, holotype. 12–16, wings. 12, S. veracruzensis, forewing; 13–14, S. clairae, fore- and hind wing; 15–16, B. enigmata, fore- and hind wing." pageId="6" pageNumber="35">Fig. 11</figureCitation>
) with vertex slightly less than twice as wide as long, with distinct dorsomedial concavity, elevated medially but without paired dorsal projections, median carina weak; ventral lobes broadly rounded, weakly produced, and slightly upturned. Ocellus slightly closer to corresponding eye than to midline, approximately even with dorsal margins of eyes. Frontoclypeus flat, depressed dorsomedially, not projecting ventrad in profile; lateral lobes well developed, extended to midlength. Rostrum extended well beyond posterior coxae. Pronotum extended over and covering scutellum dorsally but only partially concealing scutellum laterally; suprahumeral horns absent; pair of lateral carinae extended from midline just anterad of humeral angles posterolaterad to lateral margin just dorsad of exposed part of scutellum; median crest present posterad of humeral angles; posterior process extended beyond apex of abdomen; dorsal postocular carina obsolete anteriorly; ventral postocular carina absent. Scutellum emarginate, exposed posterolateral lobes pilose. Forewing (
<figureCitation id="13188CAE491FFFC1FB93FE6F61DF3E98" box="[1077,1164,472,498]" captionStart="FIGURES 9–16" captionStartId="5.[151,269,1779,1803]" captionTargetBox="[188,1400,382,1749]" captionTargetId="figure-183@5.[169,1417,376,1775]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="FIGURES 9–16. 9–11, head, anterior view. 9, S. veracruzensis, holotype; 10, S. clairae, holotype; 11, B. enigmata, holotype. 12–16, wings. 12, S. veracruzensis, forewing; 13–14, S. clairae, fore- and hind wing; 15–16, B. enigmata, fore- and hind wing." pageId="7" pageNumber="36">Fig. 15</figureCitation>
) with opaque punctate sclerotization restricted to small areas adjacent to base of costal margin and base of clavus; R
<subScript id="17A7926E491FFFC1FB7DFDA761B03D74" attach="left" box="[1243,1251,528,542]" fontSize="6" pageId="7" pageNumber="36">1</subScript>
relatively long, continuous with R stem; Rs contacting M at single point or crossvein r-m
<subScript id="17A7926E491FFFC1FC51FD8C66AC3D23" attach="left" box="[1015,1023,571,585]" fontSize="6" pageId="7" pageNumber="36">1</subScript>
very short; crossvein r-m
<subScript id="17A7926E491FFFC1FA8BFD8C60663D23" attach="left" box="[1325,1333,571,585]" fontSize="6" pageId="7" pageNumber="36">2</subScript>
equidistant from s and Rs fork; M
<subScript id="17A7926E491FFFC1FE7FFDD264A13D19" attach="left" box="[473,498,613,627]" fontSize="6" pageId="7" pageNumber="36">3+4</subScript>
abruptly bent toward anal margin distally near apex; pterostigma absent. Hind wing with R
<subScript id="17A7926E491FFFC1FE8EFD2664123DF5" attach="left" box="[296,321,657,671]" fontSize="6" pageId="7" pageNumber="36">1+2</subScript>
and M
<subScript id="17A7926E491FFFC1FE33FD2664FC3DF5" attach="left" box="[405,431,657,671]" fontSize="6" pageId="7" pageNumber="36">3+4</subScript>
free, connected by crossvein. Pro- and mesothoracic legs lacking cucullate setae, tibiae slender. Metathoracic femur with ablateral cucullate seta present near apex; adlateral cucullate seta distinctly preapical; tibia with three well developed single rows of cucullate setae. Abdominal terga without distinct paired dorsomedial swellings; tergum III with upcurved anterolateral groove; sternites without carinae. Female with second valvulae (
<figureCitation id="13188CAE491FFFC1FD94FC9467243C57" box="[562,631,803,829]" captionStart="FIGURES 1–8" captionStartId="2.[151,269,1834,1858]" captionTargetBox="[179,1409,197,1754]" captionTargetId="figure-80@2.[169,1417,197,1817]" captionTargetPageId="2" captionText="FIGURES 1–8. 1–5, habitus. 1, Smerdalea veracruzensis, holotype, lateral view; 2, Smerdalea imminens, male (Onkonegare, Orellana, Ecuador), lateral view; 3–4, Smergotomia clairae, holotype, lateral and dorsal views; 5, Braxtonota enigmata, holotype, lateral view. 6, S. veracruzensis, second and third valvulae, lateral view. 7, S. clairae, second valvulae, lateral view. 8, B. enigmata, second and third valvulae, lateral view." pageId="7" pageNumber="36">Fig. 8</figureCitation>
) gradually broadened from base to midlength, thence evenly tapered to apex; dorsal margin finely serrate, without prominent teeth. Male unknown.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B9C902B491FFFC1FF60FCC4619D3AD7" blockId="7.[151,1436,152,1992]" pageId="7" pageNumber="36">
<emphasis id="B9574C39491FFFC1FF60FCC464403CE7" bold="true" box="[198,275,883,909]" pageId="7" pageNumber="36">Notes.</emphasis>
Given the features mentioned above in the diagnosis,
<taxonomicName id="4C23EBA8491FFFC1FC37FCC361463CE7" authorityName="Dietrich" authorityYear="2008" box="[913,1045,884,909]" class="Insecta" family="Membracidae" genus="Braxtonota" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="36" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B9574C39491FFFC1FC37FCC361463CE7" box="[913,1045,884,909]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="36">Braxtonota</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
will key to couplet
<quantity id="4CDB3DCE491FFFC1FB58FCC460783CE7" box="[1278,1323,883,909]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.286" pageId="7" pageNumber="36" unit="in" value="9.0">9 in</quantity>
the tribal key of
<bibRefCitation id="EFB2EDDA491FFFC1FF4CFC2C67483CDF" author="Wallace, M. &amp; Deitz, L. L." box="[234,539,923,949]" pageId="7" pageNumber="36" pagination="1 - 377" refId="ref5650" refString="Wallace, M. &amp; Deitz, L. L. (2004) Phylogeny and systematics of the treehopper subfamily Centrotinae (Hemiptera: Membracidae). Memoirs on Entomology International, 19, iv + 1 - 377." type="journal article" year="2004">Wallace and Deitz (2004)</bibRefCitation>
, comprising the two tribes of
<taxonomicName id="4C23EBA8491FFFC1FC26FC2C615B3CDF" baseAuthorityName="Wallace and Deitz" baseAuthorityYear="2004" box="[896,1032,923,949]" class="Insecta" family="Membracidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="36" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subFamily" subFamily="Centrotinae">Centrotinae</taxonomicName>
endemic to the Caribbean region: Monobelini and
<taxonomicName id="4C23EBA8491FFFC1FEF1FC7464A23CB7" authorityName="Deitz" authorityYear="1975" box="[343,497,963,989]" class="Insecta" family="Membracidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="36" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="tribe" tribe="Nessorhinini">Nessorhinini</taxonomicName>
. Because it lacks “extra” cucullate setae at the apex of the metathoracic femur (a key feature for Monobelini),
<taxonomicName id="4C23EBA8491FFFC1FE56FC5B67273B6F" authorityName="Dietrich" authorityYear="2008" box="[496,628,1004,1029]" class="Insecta" family="Membracidae" genus="Braxtonota" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="36" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B9574C39491FFFC1FE56FC5B67273B6F" box="[496,628,1004,1029]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="36">Braxtonota</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
will key to
<taxonomicName id="4C23EBA8491FFFC1FCA2FC5C66CD3B6F" authorityName="Deitz" authorityYear="1975" box="[772,926,1003,1029]" class="Insecta" family="Membracidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="36" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="tribe" tribe="Nessorhinini">Nessorhinini</taxonomicName>
. The structure of the head of
<taxonomicName id="4C23EBA8491FFFC1FB5AFC5B60D33B6F" authorityName="Dietrich" authorityYear="2008" box="[1276,1408,1004,1029]" class="Insecta" family="Membracidae" genus="Braxtonota" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="36" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B9574C39491FFFC1FB5AFC5B60D33B6F" box="[1276,1408,1004,1029]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="36">Braxtonota</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is similar to that of
<taxonomicName id="4C23EBA8491FFFC1FEC4FBA364A13B47" authorityName="Amyot &amp; Serville" authorityYear="1843" box="[354,498,1044,1069]" class="Insecta" family="Membracidae" genus="Nessorhinus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="36" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B9574C39491FFFC1FEC4FBA364A13B47" box="[354,498,1044,1069]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="36">Nessorhinus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
in that the frontoclypeus is flat, without a ventral projection, and the midline of the vertex is carinate; these features are lacking in Monobelini. The posterior pronotal crest of
<taxonomicName id="4C23EBA8491FFFC1FB5AFB8B60D33B3F" authorityName="Dietrich" authorityYear="2008" box="[1276,1408,1084,1109]" class="Insecta" family="Membracidae" genus="Braxtonota" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="36" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B9574C39491FFFC1FB5AFB8B60D33B3F" box="[1276,1408,1084,1109]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="36">Braxtonota</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is also somewhat similar to that of
<taxonomicName id="4C23EBA8491FFFC1FDB1FBD3615B3B17" authority="Amyot &amp; Serville. Nevertheless" authorityName="Amyot &amp; Serville. Nevertheless" box="[535,1032,1123,1149]" class="Insecta" family="Membracidae" genus="Nessorhinus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="36" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="vulpes">
<emphasis id="B9574C39491FFFC1FDB1FBD367D63B17" box="[535,645,1124,1149]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="36">N. vulpes</emphasis>
Amyot &amp; Serville. Nevertheless
</taxonomicName>
, the new genus lacks two key features of
<taxonomicName id="4C23EBA8491FFFC1FF51FB3C64C23BCF" authorityName="Deitz" authorityYear="1975" box="[247,401,1163,1189]" class="Insecta" family="Membracidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="36" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="tribe" tribe="Nessorhinini">Nessorhinini</taxonomicName>
: paired dorsal abdominal swellings and slender second valvulae with prominent teeth. It also lacks the median longitudinal carina that is present on the frontoclypeus of many members of
<taxonomicName id="4C23EBA8491FFFC1FABDFB0465E53B9F" authorityName="Deitz" authorityYear="1975" class="Insecta" family="Membracidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="36" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="tribe" tribe="Nessorhinini">Nessorhinini</taxonomicName>
and has the scutellum exposed laterally, which is rare in that tribe. The broad, finely serrate second valvula of
<taxonomicName id="4C23EBA8491FFFC1FF11FAB364683A77" authorityName="Dietrich" authorityYear="2008" box="[183,315,1284,1309]" class="Insecta" family="Membracidae" genus="Braxtonota" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="36" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B9574C39491FFFC1FF11FAB364683A77" box="[183,315,1284,1309]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="36">Braxtonota</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
resembles that of
<taxonomicName id="4C23EBA8491FFFC1FDB4FAB367C73A77" authorityName="Stal" authorityYear="1866" box="[530,660,1284,1309]" class="Insecta" family="Membracidae" genus="Monobelus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="36" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B9574C39491FFFC1FDB4FAB367C73A77" box="[530,660,1284,1309]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="36">Monobelus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(
<bibRefCitation id="EFB2EDDA491FFFC1FD02FAB466843A77" author="Wallace, M. &amp; Deitz, L. L." box="[676,983,1283,1309]" pageId="7" pageNumber="36" pagination="1 - 377" refId="ref5650" refString="Wallace, M. &amp; Deitz, L. L. (2004) Phylogeny and systematics of the treehopper subfamily Centrotinae (Hemiptera: Membracidae). Memoirs on Entomology International, 19, iv + 1 - 377." type="journal article" year="2004">Wallace and Deitz (2004)</bibRefCitation>
:
<figureCitation id="13188CAE491FFFC1FC47FAB461373A77" box="[993,1124,1283,1309]" captionStart="FIGURES 17–24" captionStartId="8.[151,269,1699,1723]" captionTargetBox="[248,1331,303,1679]" captionTargetId="figure-159@8.[238,1358,298,1690]" captionTargetPageId="8" captionText="FIGURES 17–24. male genitalia. 17–20, S. veracruzensis: 17, pygofer and subgenital plate, lateral view; 18, sternite IX and subgenital plate, ventral view; 19–20, aedeagus, style, and connective, lateral and ventral views. 21–24, S. clairae: 21, pygofer and segment X, dorsal view; 22, sternite IX and subgenital plate, ventral view; 23–24, aedeagus, style, and connective, lateral and ventral views." pageId="7" pageNumber="36">Fig. 17.4D</figureCitation>
), but this apparently plesiomorphic form is found in many other centrotine and non-centrotine membracids, and the other two genera of Monobelini have the second valvulae narrow with prominent teeth, as in
<taxonomicName id="4C23EBA8491FFFC1FC4DFAE461D73A07" authorityName="Deitz" authorityYear="1975" box="[1003,1156,1363,1389]" class="Insecta" family="Membracidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="36" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="tribe" tribe="Nessorhinini">Nessorhinini</taxonomicName>
. Based on the combination of features present in the new genus, including its lack of suprahumeral horns, the genus seems most appropriately placed in Monobelini, although this placement should be considered tentative.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B9C902B491FFFC1FF60FA7C663238A2" blockId="7.[151,1436,152,1992]" pageId="7" pageNumber="36">
Discovery of
<taxonomicName id="4C23EBA8491FFFC1FEC0FA7B64B93A8F" authorityName="Dietrich" authorityYear="2008" box="[358,490,1484,1509]" class="Insecta" family="Membracidae" genus="Braxtonota" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="36" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B9574C39491FFFC1FEC0FA7B64B93A8F" box="[358,490,1484,1509]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="36">Braxtonota</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, which shares unique features with both Monobelini and
<taxonomicName id="4C23EBA8491FFFC1FB28FA7C60743A8F" authorityName="Deitz" authorityYear="1975" box="[1166,1319,1483,1509]" class="Insecta" family="Membracidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="36" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="tribe" tribe="Nessorhinini">Nessorhinini</taxonomicName>
, but lacks the definitive synapomorphies that would place it unequivocally in either of those tribes, suggests that these endemic Caribbean groups are more closely related than implied by the phylogenetic results of
<bibRefCitation id="EFB2EDDA491FFFC1FAADF9AC647C3937" author="Wallace, M. &amp; Deitz, L. L." pageId="7" pageNumber="36" pagination="1 - 377" refId="ref5650" refString="Wallace, M. &amp; Deitz, L. L. (2004) Phylogeny and systematics of the treehopper subfamily Centrotinae (Hemiptera: Membracidae). Memoirs on Entomology International, 19, iv + 1 - 377." type="journal article" year="2004">Wallace and Deitz (2004)</bibRefCitation>
. Indeed, although the phylogeny presented by Wallace and Deitz placed Monobelini as sister to a clade comprising Boocerini and
<taxonomicName id="4C23EBA8491FFFC1FDB8F9DC67DE39EF" authorityName="Distant" authorityYear="1908" box="[542,653,1643,1669]" class="Insecta" family="Membracidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="36" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="tribe" tribe="Gargarini">Gargarini</taxonomicName>
and
<taxonomicName id="4C23EBA8491FFFC1FD6AF9DC663239EF" authorityName="Deitz" authorityYear="1975" box="[716,865,1643,1669]" class="Insecta" family="Membracidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="36" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="tribe" tribe="Nessorhinini">Nessorhinini</taxonomicName>
as sister to Platycentrini, Monobelini and
<taxonomicName id="4C23EBA8491FFFC1FAC2F9DC65AC39C7" authorityName="Deitz" authorityYear="1975" class="Insecta" family="Membracidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="36" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="tribe" tribe="Nessorhinini">Nessorhinini</taxonomicName>
are similar in many respects. As noted above, they key to the same couplet in
<bibRefCitation id="EFB2EDDA491FFFC1FB67F92465B639BF" author="Wallace, M. &amp; Deitz, L. L." pageId="7" pageNumber="36" pagination="1 - 377" refId="ref5650" refString="Wallace, M. &amp; Deitz, L. L. (2004) Phylogeny and systematics of the treehopper subfamily Centrotinae (Hemiptera: Membracidae). Memoirs on Entomology International, 19, iv + 1 - 377." type="journal article" year="2004">Wallace and Deitz (2004)</bibRefCitation>
based on their pronotal structure and leg chaetotaxy. Although the relationship suggested by these possibly synapomorphic key features was outweighed by other characters included in the analyses of
<bibRefCitation id="EFB2EDDA491FFFC1FAABF9546463384F" author="Wallace, M. &amp; Deitz, L. L." pageId="7" pageNumber="36" pagination="1 - 377" refId="ref5650" refString="Wallace, M. &amp; Deitz, L. L. (2004) Phylogeny and systematics of the treehopper subfamily Centrotinae (Hemiptera: Membracidae). Memoirs on Entomology International, 19, iv + 1 - 377." type="journal article" year="2004">Wallace and Deitz (2004)</bibRefCitation>
, some of the putative synapomorphies that united Monobelini with Boocerini and
<taxonomicName id="4C23EBA8491FFFC1FAAAF8BC602F384F" authorityName="Distant" authorityYear="1908" box="[1292,1404,1803,1829]" class="Insecta" family="Membracidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="36" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="tribe" tribe="Gargarini">Gargarini</taxonomicName>
in their analysis—e.g., a longitudinal carina on abdominal sternum III, forewing crossvein r-m
<subScript id="17A7926E491FFFC1FB78F8F461B5383B" attach="left" box="[1246,1254,1859,1873]" fontSize="6" pageId="7" pageNumber="36">1</subScript>
arising near or distad of initial division of R—also occur in some
<taxonomicName id="4C23EBA8491FFFC1FD59F8E966CA3812" authorityName="Deitz" authorityYear="1975" box="[767,921,1886,1912]" class="Insecta" family="Membracidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="36" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="tribe" tribe="Nessorhinini">Nessorhinini</taxonomicName>
. Likewise, some synapomorphies that supported
<taxonomicName id="4C23EBA8491FFFC1FF4AF83164D138CA" authorityName="Deitz" authorityYear="1975" box="[236,386,1926,1952]" class="Insecta" family="Membracidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="36" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="tribe" tribe="Nessorhinini">Nessorhinini</taxonomicName>
in their analysis—e.g., presence of large teeth on second valvulae, style clasp truncate with acuminate projection—are present in some Monobelini.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B9C902B4910FFCEFF60FF2F66153E68" blockId="8.[151,1436,152,258]" pageId="8" pageNumber="37">
The genus is named in honor of my wife, Susan M. Braxton, combining her surname with –
<emphasis id="B9574C394910FFCEFAA6FF2F60673FDB" box="[1280,1332,152,177]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="37">nota</emphasis>
, a suffix commonly employed in forming membracid generic names. The gender is feminine. This genus is based on a single female specimen of a new species, described below.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>
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