499 lines
64 KiB
XML
499 lines
64 KiB
XML
<document id="A398AA033530563463331AC810CF77FD" ID-CLB-Dataset="31177" ID-DOI="10.11646/zootaxa.4363.4.1" ID-GBIF-Dataset="a141fa76-cc88-4901-944a-306171e41413" ID-ISSN="1175-5326" ID-Zenodo-Dep="1114473" ID-ZooBank="86DE1B94-63AE-4ABF-B28A-0ECEA22D2F10" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.tables_requiresApprovalFor="existingObjects,plazi" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1513152258038" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Mcfadden, Catherine S. & Van Ofwegen, Leen P." docDate="2017" docId="038A07766C132866FF245A22FEA9492B" docLanguage="en" docName="zootaxa.4363.4.1.pdf" docOrigin="Zootaxa 4363 (4)" docStyle="DocumentStyle:647186512141C8FC8976D5BCC54AEB7D.9:Zootaxa.2013-.journal_article" docStyleId="647186512141C8FC8976D5BCC54AEB7D" docStyleName="Zootaxa.2013-.journal_article" docStyleVersion="9" docTitle="Tenerodus fallax Mcfadden & Van Ofwegen 2017, n. comb." docType="treatment" docVersion="7" lastPageNumber="479" masterDocId="FFB37F0E6C0A287AFFB35C76FF964E2E" masterDocTitle="Revisionary systematics of the endemic soft coral fauna (Octocorallia: Alcyonacea: Alcyoniina) of the Agulhas Bioregion, South Africa" masterLastPageNumber="488" masterPageNumber="451" pageNumber="476" updateTime="1698509335316" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
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<mods:title id="ED009DDCFD9B556205FCE29CD20F517B">Revisionary systematics of the endemic soft coral fauna (Octocorallia: Alcyonacea: Alcyoniina) of the Agulhas Bioregion, South Africa</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="2F83BD896CA4D6D549D81FF174692AAC">Mcfadden, Catherine S.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="96FE23A2A834904B768BCD0294430F2B">Van Ofwegen, Leen P.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:title id="1AA1A11A0090177C543431FC80D7F5AE">Zootaxa</mods:title>
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<mods:part id="18ECCDEE6AB2CCC586064D28F89F8A75">
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<mods:date id="7A0B067576365BB46E4A73CE6AA0F9E2">2017</mods:date>
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<mods:number id="54D8E7E2A354B29357D9D7C2E4D1E59D">2017-12-13</mods:number>
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<mods:number id="2B67B03E3580D8AF761658FFDFC5973B">4363</mods:number>
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<treatment id="038A07766C132866FF245A22FEA9492B" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5613960" ID-GBIF-Taxon="137679939" ID-Zenodo-Dep="5613960" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:038A07766C132866FF245A22FEA9492B" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/038A07766C132866FF245A22FEA9492B" lastPageId="28" lastPageNumber="479" pageId="25" pageNumber="476">
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<subSubSection id="C339E5EB6C132863FF245A22FE2248A1" pageId="25" pageNumber="476" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="8B9CB6606C132863FF245A22FD7F4840" blockId="25.[151,745,1620,1679]" box="[151,745,1620,1646]" pageId="25" pageNumber="476">
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<heading id="D0D4010C6C132863FF245A22FD7F4840" bold="true" box="[151,745,1620,1646]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="25" pageNumber="476" reason="1">
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<emphasis id="B9576A726C132863FF245A22FD7F4840" bold="true" box="[151,745,1620,1646]" pageId="25" pageNumber="476">
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<taxonomicName id="4C23CDE36C132863FF245A22FDE74840" authority="(Luttschwager, 1922)" authorityName="Mcfadden & Van Ofwegen" authorityYear="2017" baseAuthorityName="Luttschwager" baseAuthorityYear="1922" box="[151,625,1620,1646]" class="Anthozoa" family="Paralcyoniidae" genus="Tenerodus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Alcyonacea" pageId="25" pageNumber="476" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="fallax" status="comb. nov.">
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<emphasis id="B9576A726C132863FF245A22FEF44840" bold="true" box="[151,354,1620,1646]" italics="true" pageId="25" pageNumber="476">Tenerodus fallax</emphasis>
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(Lüttschwager, 1922)
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</taxonomicName>
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,
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<taxonomicNameLabel id="A264D7096C132863FDCD5A22FD7F4840" box="[638,745,1620,1646]" pageId="25" pageNumber="476">n. comb.</taxonomicNameLabel>
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</emphasis>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8B9CB6606C132863FF245A00FE2248A1" blockId="25.[151,745,1620,1679]" box="[151,436,1654,1679]" pageId="25" pageNumber="476">
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<figureCitation id="1318AAE56C132863FF245A00FE9948A1" box="[151,271,1654,1679]" captionStart="FIGURE 5" captionStartId="10.[151,250,1819,1841]" captionTargetBox="[232,1366,195,1796]" captionTargetId="figure@10.[232,1366,195,1796]" captionTargetPageId="10" captionText="FIGURE 5. a, Lampophyton spinatum n. sp. paratype, RMNH Coel. 40199 (SAF195), colony photographed in situ; b, Alcyonium dolium n. sp. holotype, RMNH Coel.40204 (SAF292); c, Leptophyton benayahui SAF289 photographed in situ; d, Leptophyton fustis n. sp., holotype, RMNH Coel. 40211 (SAF087), colony photographed in situ (T. fallax n. comb. purple morph visible in lower right corner); e, Circularius wilsoni n. comb. RMNH Coel. 40207 (SAF448), colonies growing on mussel shell photographed in situ; f, Tenerodus pollex n. gen., n. sp. holotype, RMNH Coel. 40219 (SAF420), colonies photographed in situ; g, Tenerodus fallax, n. comb. RMNH Coel. 40217 (SAF383), pink color morph; h, Tenerodus fallax, n. comb. SAF015, purple and yellow color morphs." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1114515/files/figure.png" pageId="25" pageNumber="476">
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Figs.
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<quantity id="4CDB1B856C132863FF665A00FF6648A1" box="[213,240,1654,1679]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="kg" metricValue="5.0" pageId="25" pageNumber="476" unit="g" value="5.0">5g</quantity>
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–h
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</figureCitation>
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,
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<figureCitation id="1318AAE56C132863FEA85A00FEF448A1" box="[283,354,1654,1679]" captionStart="FIGURE 13" captionStartId="22.[151,250,1937,1959]" captionTargetBox="[181,1409,695,1911]" captionTargetId="figure@22.[181,1409,695,1911]" captionTargetPageId="22" captionText="FIGURE 13. a, Leptophyton fustis n. sp. holotype, RMNH Coel. 40211 (SAF087); b, Tenerodus fallax RMNH Coel. 40215 (SAF067), attached to a polychaete tube; c, Tenerodus fallax RMNH Coel. 40217 (SAF383), growing on a mussel shell; d, Tenerodus pollex n. sp. holotype, RMNH Coel.40219 (SAF420)." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1114559/files/figure.png" pageId="25" pageNumber="476">13b–c</figureCitation>
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,
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<figureCitation id="1318AAE56C132863FEDE5A00FE2248A1" box="[365,436,1654,1679]" captionStart-0="FIGURE 15" captionStart-1="FIGURE 16" captionStartId-0="26.[151,250,1950,1972]" captionStartId-1="27.[151,250,1176,1198]" captionTargetBox-0="[180,1404,195,1923]" captionTargetBox-1="[151,1436,193,1154]" captionTargetId-0="figure@26.[180,1404,195,1923]" captionTargetId-1="figure@27.[151,1436,193,1154]" captionTargetPageId-0="26" captionTargetPageId-1="27" captionText-0="FIGURE 15. Tenerodus fallax n. comb. RMNH Coel. 40214 (SAF072). a, club-like sclerites from polyps and colony surface; b, asymmetrical spinose clubs from polyps and colony surface; c, tentacle sclerites; d, radiates and tuberculate spheroids from colony surface." captionText-1="FIGURE 16. Tenerodus fallax n. comb. RMNH Coel. 40214 (SAF072). Radiates and tuberculate spheroids from interior of colony." httpUri-0="https://zenodo.org/record/1114563/files/figure.png" httpUri-1="https://zenodo.org/record/1114565/files/figure.png" pageId="25" pageNumber="476">15–16</figureCitation>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C339E5EB6C132863FF245AC9FB39493C" pageId="25" pageNumber="476" type="reference_group">
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||
<paragraph id="8B9CB6606C132863FF245AC9FD1348FA" blockId="25.[151,1437,1726,1994]" box="[151,645,1726,1749]" pageId="25" pageNumber="476">
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Non
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<taxonomicName id="4C23CDE36C132863FF7A5AC8FD1748FA" authority="Lamarck, 1836: 608" authorityName="Lamarck" authorityPageNumber="608" authorityYear="1836" box="[201,641,1726,1749]" class="Anthozoa" family="Alcyoniidae" genus="Alcyonium" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Alcyonacea" pageId="25" pageNumber="476" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="purpureum">
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<emphasis id="B9576A726C132863FF7A5AC8FE3D48FB" box="[201,427,1726,1749]" italics="true" pageId="25" pageNumber="476">Alcyonium purpureum</emphasis>
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Lamarck, 1836: 608
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</taxonomicName>
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.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8B9CB6606C132863FF245AABFB39493C" blockId="25.[151,1437,1726,1994]" pageId="25" pageNumber="476">
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<taxonomicName id="4C23CDE36C132863FF245AABFE1748DD" authorityName="Lamarck" authorityYear="1836" box="[151,385,1757,1779]" class="Anthozoa" family="Alcyoniidae" genus="Alcyonium" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Alcyonacea" pageId="25" pageNumber="476" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="purpureum">
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<emphasis id="B9576A726C132863FF245AABFE1748DD" box="[151,385,1757,1779]" italics="true" pageId="25" pageNumber="476">Alcyonium purpureum</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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(non Lamarck, 1836) Hickson, 1904: 215–217, pls. 7, 9; Thomson, 1910: 566–568, pls. 3–4; Lüttschwager, 1914: 25–26; Thomson, 1921: 156; Thomson, 1923: 47, 52, 68; Day et al. 1970: 15.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C339E5EB6C132863FF245B6CFDDF4940" pageId="25" pageNumber="476" type="description">
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<paragraph id="8B9CB6606C132863FF245B6CFB95491E" blockId="25.[151,1437,1726,1994]" box="[151,1027,1818,1840]" pageId="25" pageNumber="476">
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<taxonomicName id="4C23CDE36C132863FF245B6CFD84491E" authority="Luttschwager, 1922" authorityName="Luttschwager" authorityYear="1922" box="[151,530,1818,1840]" class="Anthozoa" family="Alcyoniidae" genus="Alcyonium" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Alcyonacea" pageId="25" pageNumber="476" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="fallax">
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<emphasis id="B9576A726C132863FF245B6CFED5491E" box="[151,323,1818,1840]" italics="true" pageId="25" pageNumber="476">Alcyonium fallax</emphasis>
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Lüttschwager, 1922
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</taxonomicName>
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(nom. nov.): 520, 534; Lüttschwager, 1926: 288.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8B9CB6606C132863FF245B4FFDDF4940" blockId="25.[151,1437,1726,1994]" pageId="25" pageNumber="476">
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<taxonomicName id="4C23CDE36C132863FF245B4FFEAC4961" authorityName="Mcfadden & Van Ofwegen" authorityYear="2017" box="[151,314,1849,1871]" class="Anthozoa" family="Alcyoniidae" genus="Alcyonium" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Alcyonacea" pageId="25" pageNumber="476" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="fauri">
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<emphasis id="B9576A726C132863FF245B4FFEAC4961" box="[151,314,1849,1871]" italics="true" pageId="25" pageNumber="476">Alcyonium fauri</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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(non Thomson, 1910) Broch, 1939: 8–11; Williams, 1992a (part): 277–282, fig. 1B; 1992b: 381–385, 396, fig. 20G; Branch et al. 2010: 38, fig. 12.8.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C339E5EB6C132863FF245B00FBCF49E4" pageId="25" pageNumber="476" type="reference_group">
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<paragraph id="8B9CB6606C132863FF245B00FDF649A2" blockId="25.[151,1437,1726,1994]" box="[151,608,1910,1932]" pageId="25" pageNumber="476">
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<taxonomicName id="4C23CDE36C132863FF245B00FDCA49A2" authority="Day et al. 1970: 15" authorityName="Day et al." authorityPageNumber="15" authorityYear="1970" box="[151,604,1910,1932]" class="Anthozoa" family="Alcyoniidae" genus="Parerythropodium" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Alcyonacea" pageId="25" pageNumber="476" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="fallax">
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<emphasis id="B9576A726C132863FF245B00FE0449A2" box="[151,402,1910,1932]" italics="true" pageId="25" pageNumber="476">Parerythropodium fallax</emphasis>
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Day et al. 1970: 15
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</taxonomicName>
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.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8B9CB6606C132863FF245BE3FB934985" blockId="25.[151,1437,1726,1994]" box="[151,1029,1941,1963]" pageId="25" pageNumber="476">
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<taxonomicName id="4C23CDE36C132863FF245BE3FDC94985" authority="Day, 1974: 34" authorityName="Day" authorityPageNumber="34" authorityYear="1974" box="[151,607,1941,1963]" class="Anthozoa" family="Alcyoniidae" genus="Parerythropodium" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Alcyonacea" pageId="25" pageNumber="476" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="purpureum">
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<emphasis id="B9576A726C132863FF245BE3FE514985" box="[151,455,1941,1963]" italics="true" pageId="25" pageNumber="476">Parerythropodium purpureum</emphasis>
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Day, 1974: 34
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</taxonomicName>
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; Branch & Branch 1981: 152, pls. 34, 37.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8B9CB6606C132863FF245BC2FBCF49E4" blockId="25.[151,1437,1726,1994]" box="[151,1113,1972,1994]" pageId="25" pageNumber="476">
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<emphasis id="B9576A726C132863FF245BC2FE3B49E4" box="[151,429,1972,1994]" italics="true" pageId="25" pageNumber="476">
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?
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<taxonomicName id="4C23CDE36C132863FF135BC2FE3B49E4" authorityName="Mcfadden & Van Ofwegen" authorityYear="2017" baseAuthorityName="Thomson" baseAuthorityYear="1921" box="[160,429,1972,1994]" class="Anthozoa" family="Alcyoniidae" genus="Parerythropodium" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Alcyonacea" pageId="25" pageNumber="476" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="wilsoni">Parerythropodium wilsoni</taxonomicName>
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</emphasis>
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(non Thomson, 1921) Day 1974: 34; Branch & Branch, 1981: 152.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<caption id="DF5CE6E86C102860FF245BE8FEA549DC" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1114563/files/figure.png" pageId="26" pageNumber="477" targetBox="[180,1404,195,1923]" targetPageId="26">
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<paragraph id="8B9CB6606C102860FF245BE8FEA549DC" blockId="26.[151,1436,1950,2034]" pageId="26" pageNumber="477">
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<emphasis id="B9576A726C102860FF245BE8FEB6499A" bold="true" box="[151,288,1950,1972]" pageId="26" pageNumber="477">FIGURE 15.</emphasis>
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<taxonomicName id="4C23CDE36C102860FE945BE8FE59499A" authorityName="Mcfadden & Van Ofwegen" authorityYear="2017" baseAuthorityName="Luttschwager" baseAuthorityYear="1922" box="[295,463,1950,1972]" class="Anthozoa" family="Paralcyoniidae" genus="Tenerodus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Alcyonacea" pageId="26" pageNumber="477" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="fallax" status="comb. nov.">
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||
<emphasis id="B9576A726C102860FE945BE8FE59499A" box="[295,463,1950,1972]" italics="true" pageId="26" pageNumber="477">Tenerodus fallax</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A264D7096C102860FE655BE9FDB9499A" box="[470,559,1950,1972]" pageId="26" pageNumber="477">n. comb.</taxonomicNameLabel>
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||
RMNH Coel. 40214 (SAF072). a, club-like sclerites from polyps and colony surface; b, asymmetrical spinose clubs from polyps and colony surface; c, tentacle sclerites; d, radiates and tuberculate spheroids from colony surface.
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||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<caption id="DF5CE6E86C112861FF2458EEFF774AE2" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1114565/files/figure.png" pageId="27" pageNumber="478" targetBox="[151,1436,193,1154]" targetPageId="27">
|
||
<paragraph id="8B9CB6606C112861FF2458EEFF774AE2" blockId="27.[151,1436,1176,1228]" pageId="27" pageNumber="478">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9576A726C112861FF2458EEFEB74A80" bold="true" box="[151,289,1176,1198]" pageId="27" pageNumber="478">FIGURE 16.</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C23CDE36C112861FE9958EEFE424A80" authorityName="Mcfadden & Van Ofwegen" authorityYear="2017" baseAuthorityName="Luttschwager" baseAuthorityYear="1922" box="[298,468,1176,1198]" class="Anthozoa" family="Paralcyoniidae" genus="Tenerodus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Alcyonacea" pageId="27" pageNumber="478" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="fallax" status="comb. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9576A726C112861FE9958EEFE424A80" box="[298,468,1176,1198]" italics="true" pageId="27" pageNumber="478">Tenerodus fallax</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A264D7096C112861FE6F58EFFDA04A80" box="[476,566,1176,1198]" pageId="27" pageNumber="478">n. comb.</taxonomicNameLabel>
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||
RMNH Coel. 40214 (SAF072). Radiates and tuberculate spheroids from interior of colony.
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||
</paragraph>
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||
</caption>
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<subSubSection id="C339E5EB6C112861FF24588FFEB04878" pageId="27" pageNumber="478" type="materials_examined">
|
||
<paragraph id="8B9CB6606C112861FF24588FFEB04878" blockId="27.[151,1437,1273,2018]" pageId="27" pageNumber="478">
|
||
<materialsCitation id="3B4BBC3D6C112861FF24588FFA0F4B18" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="1705513502" collectingDate="2008-03-08" collectionCode="RMNH" collectorName="C. S. McFadden" country="South Africa" county="Material" elevation="14" latitude="-34.183132" location="Mossel Bay" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="22.162416" municipality="Coel." pageId="27" pageNumber="478" specimenCode="CASIZ 222381" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Western Cape">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9576A726C112861FF24588FFEEA4B3C" bold="true" box="[151,380,1273,1298]" pageId="27" pageNumber="478">
|
||
<collectingCounty id="62FDCEEC6C112861FF24588FFF694B3C" box="[151,255,1273,1298]" pageId="27" pageNumber="478">Material</collectingCounty>
|
||
examined
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED322EA56C112861FE3F588CFE764B3F" box="[396,480,1274,1297]" country="Netherlands" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34992" name="National Museum of Natural History, Naturalis" pageId="27" pageNumber="478">RMNH</collectionCode>
|
||
<collectingMunicipality id="6BF82C1A6C112861FE59588FFDB14B3C" box="[490,551,1273,1298]" pageId="27" pageNumber="478">Coel.</collectingMunicipality>
|
||
40218
|
||
<emphasis id="B9576A726C112861FDCC588FFD1E4B3C" bold="true" box="[639,648,1273,1298]" pageId="27" pageNumber="478">(</emphasis>
|
||
SAF013),
|
||
<specimenCode id="DB851E1B6C112861FCB3588FFC274B3F" box="[768,945,1273,1297]" collectionCode="CASIZ" pageId="27" pageNumber="478">CASIZ 222381</specimenCode>
|
||
(SAF014), SAF015,
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F334F6F06C112861FB2E588FFAA44B3C" box="[1181,1330,1273,1298]" name="South Africa" pageId="27" pageNumber="478">South Africa</collectingCountry>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingRegion id="49E778826C112861FAF2588CFF454B18" country="South Africa" name="Western Cape" pageId="27" pageNumber="478">
|
||
<collectingRegion id="49E778826C112861FAF2588CFA0A4B3F" box="[1345,1436,1274,1297]" country="American Samoa" name="Western" pageId="27" pageNumber="478">Western</collectingRegion>
|
||
Cape
|
||
</collectingRegion>
|
||
,
|
||
<location id="8EFCE0BB6C112861FF6C596BFEF34B18" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:038A07766C132866FF245A22FEA9492B:8EFCE0BB6C112861FF6C596BFEF34B18" box="[223,357,1309,1334]" country="South Africa" county="Material" latitude="-34.183132" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="22.162416" municipality="Coel." name="Mossel Bay" pageId="27" pageNumber="478" stateProvince="Western Cape">Mossel Bay</location>
|
||
,
|
||
<location id="8EFCE0BB6C112861FEC2596BFD924B18" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:038A07766C132866FF245A22FEA9492B:8EFCE0BB6C112861FEC2596BFD924B18" box="[369,516,1309,1334]" country="South Africa" county="Material" latitude="-34.183132" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="22.162416" municipality="Coel." name="Phluffy Reef" pageId="27" pageNumber="478" stateProvince="Western Cape">Phluffy Reef</location>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="EE17D0A76C112861FDBC5968FD0E4B18" box="[527,664,1310,1334]" direction="south" orientation="latitude" pageId="27" pageNumber="478" precision="1" value="-34.183132">34º10.988'S</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="EE17D0A76C112861FD17596BFCB94B18" box="[676,815,1309,1334]" direction="east" orientation="longitude" pageId="27" pageNumber="478" precision="1" value="22.162416">22º09.745'E</geoCoordinate>
|
||
, depth
|
||
<elevation id="000E51536C112861FC33596BFC704B1B" box="[896,998,1309,1334]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.35" metricValueMax="1.5" metricValueMin="1.2" pageId="27" pageNumber="478" unit="m" value="13.5" valueMax="15.0" valueMin="12.0">
|
||
<quantity id="4CDB1B856C112861FC33596BFC704B1B" box="[896,998,1309,1334]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.35" metricValueMax="1.5" metricValueMin="1.2" pageId="27" pageNumber="478" unit="m" value="13.5" valueMax="15.0" valueMin="12.0">12–15 m</quantity>
|
||
</elevation>
|
||
, coll.
|
||
<collectorName id="26D6D3B66C112861FB985968FB484B18" box="[1067,1246,1309,1334]" pageId="27" pageNumber="478">C.S. McFadden</collectorName>
|
||
, 0
|
||
<collectingDate id="EFD969486C112861FB4B5968FA0F4B18" box="[1272,1433,1309,1334]" pageId="27" pageNumber="478" value="2008-03-08">
|
||
<date id="FF9D90A06C112861FB4B5968FA0F4B18" box="[1272,1433,1309,1334]" pageId="27" pageNumber="478" value="2008-03-08">8 March 2008</date>
|
||
</collectingDate>
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
.
|
||
<materialsCitation id="3B4BBC3D6C112861FF245934FB634B50" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="1705513518" collectingDate="2008-03-10" collectionCode="RMNH" collectorName="C. S. McFadden" country="South Africa" county="Coel." elevation="20" latitude="-33.982117" location="Port Elizabeth" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="25.691217" municipality="Coel." pageId="27" pageNumber="478" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Eastern Cape">
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED322EA56C112861FF245934FF7D4B77" box="[151,235,1346,1369]" country="Netherlands" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34992" name="National Museum of Natural History, Naturalis" pageId="27" pageNumber="478">RMNH</collectionCode>
|
||
<collectingCounty id="62FDCEEC6C112861FF415937FEB84B74" box="[242,302,1345,1370]" pageId="27" pageNumber="478">Coel.</collectingCounty>
|
||
40216 (SAF059),
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED322EA56C112861FDB35934FDC24B77" box="[512,596,1346,1369]" country="Netherlands" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34992" name="National Museum of Natural History, Naturalis" pageId="27" pageNumber="478">RMNH</collectionCode>
|
||
<collectingMunicipality id="6BF82C1A6C112861FDE85937FD0E4B74" box="[603,664,1345,1370]" pageId="27" pageNumber="478">Coel.</collectingMunicipality>
|
||
40215 (SAF067),
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F334F6F06C112861FCDA5937FC6A4B74" box="[873,1020,1345,1370]" name="South Africa" pageId="27" pageNumber="478">South Africa</collectingCountry>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingRegion id="49E778826C112861FBBB5934FB084B77" box="[1032,1182,1345,1369]" country="South Africa" name="Eastern Cape" pageId="27" pageNumber="478">
|
||
<collectingRegion id="49E778826C112861FBBB5934FBCA4B77" box="[1032,1116,1346,1369]" country="American Samoa" name="Eastern" pageId="27" pageNumber="478">Eastern</collectingRegion>
|
||
Cape
|
||
</collectingRegion>
|
||
,
|
||
<location id="8EFCE0BB6C112861FB195934FADB4B74" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:038A07766C132866FF245A22FEA9492B:8EFCE0BB6C112861FB195934FADB4B74" box="[1194,1357,1345,1370]" country="South Africa" county="Coel." latitude="-33.982117" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="25.691217" municipality="Coel." name="Port Elizabeth" pageId="27" pageNumber="478" stateProvince="Eastern Cape">Port Elizabeth</location>
|
||
, Algoa Bay, Bell Buoy 1,
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="EE17D0A76C112861FEC15913FE694B50" box="[370,511,1381,1406]" direction="south" orientation="latitude" pageId="27" pageNumber="478" precision="1" value="-33.982117">33º58.927’S</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="EE17D0A76C112861FDBD5913FD0B4B50" box="[526,669,1381,1406]" direction="east" orientation="longitude" pageId="27" pageNumber="478" precision="1" value="25.691217">25º41.473’E</geoCoordinate>
|
||
, depth
|
||
<elevation id="000E51536C112861FD475910FCA44B53" box="[756,818,1382,1406]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.0" pageId="27" pageNumber="478" unit="m" value="20.0">
|
||
<quantity id="4CDB1B856C112861FD475910FCA44B53" box="[756,818,1382,1406]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.0" pageId="27" pageNumber="478" unit="m" value="20.0">20 m</quantity>
|
||
</elevation>
|
||
, coll.
|
||
<collectorName id="26D6D3B66C112861FCCF5910FBA44B50" box="[892,1074,1381,1406]" pageId="27" pageNumber="478">C.S. McFadden</collectorName>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingDate id="EFD969486C112861FBF35910FB634B50" box="[1088,1269,1381,1406]" pageId="27" pageNumber="478" value="2008-03-10">
|
||
<date id="FF9D90A06C112861FBF35910FB634B50" box="[1088,1269,1381,1406]" pageId="27" pageNumber="478" value="2008-03-10">10 March 2008</date>
|
||
</collectingDate>
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
.
|
||
<materialsCitation id="3B4BBC3D6C112861FAB15910FB484BE8" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="1705513507" collectingDate="2008-03-10" collectionCode="RMNH" collectorName="C. S. McFadden" country="South Africa" county="Coel." elevation="11" latitude="-33.26555" location="Algoa Bay" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="25.696133" municipality="Port Elizabeth" pageId="27" pageNumber="478" specimenCode="CASIZ 222384" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Eastern Cape">
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED322EA56C112861FAB15910FAC04B53" box="[1282,1366,1382,1405]" country="Netherlands" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34992" name="National Museum of Natural History, Naturalis" pageId="27" pageNumber="478">RMNH</collectionCode>
|
||
<collectingCounty id="62FDCEEC6C112861FAD35913FA0B4B50" box="[1376,1437,1381,1406]" pageId="27" pageNumber="478">Coel.</collectingCounty>
|
||
40214 (SAF072),
|
||
<specimenCode id="DB851E1B6C112861FED959FFFD8F4B8F" box="[362,537,1417,1441]" collectionCode="CASIZ" pageId="27" pageNumber="478">CASIZ 222384</specimenCode>
|
||
(SAF073), SAF084,
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F334F6F06C112861FCA659FFFC3A4B8C" box="[789,940,1417,1442]" name="South Africa" pageId="27" pageNumber="478">South Africa</collectingCountry>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingRegion id="49E778826C112861FC0859FCFBC04B8F" box="[955,1110,1417,1441]" country="South Africa" name="Eastern Cape" pageId="27" pageNumber="478">
|
||
<collectingRegion id="49E778826C112861FC0859FCFB994B8F" box="[955,1039,1418,1441]" country="American Samoa" name="Eastern" pageId="27" pageNumber="478">Eastern</collectingRegion>
|
||
Cape
|
||
</collectingRegion>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingMunicipality id="6BF82C1A6C112861FBD659FCFA9A4B8C" box="[1125,1292,1417,1442]" pageId="27" pageNumber="478">Port Elizabeth</collectingMunicipality>
|
||
,
|
||
<location id="8EFCE0BB6C112861FAA959FFFA0E4B8C" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:038A07766C132866FF245A22FEA9492B:8EFCE0BB6C112861FAA959FFFA0E4B8C" box="[1306,1432,1417,1442]" country="South Africa" county="Coel." latitude="-33.26555" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="25.696133" municipality="Port Elizabeth" name="Algoa Bay" pageId="27" pageNumber="478" stateProvince="Eastern Cape">Algoa Bay</location>
|
||
,
|
||
<location id="8EFCE0BB6C112861FF2459DBFEB14BE8" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:038A07766C132866FF245A22FEA9492B:8EFCE0BB6C112861FF2459DBFEB14BE8" box="[151,295,1453,1478]" country="South Africa" county="Coel." latitude="-33.26555" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="25.696133" municipality="Port Elizabeth" name="Philips Reef" pageId="27" pageNumber="478" stateProvince="Eastern Cape">Philips Reef</location>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="EE17D0A76C112861FE8559DBFE284BE8" box="[310,446,1453,1478]" direction="south" orientation="latitude" pageId="27" pageNumber="478" precision="1" value="-33.26555">33º15.933'S</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="EE17D0A76C112861FE7E59DBFDCE4BE8" box="[461,600,1453,1478]" direction="east" orientation="longitude" pageId="27" pageNumber="478" precision="1" value="25.696133">25º41.768'E</geoCoordinate>
|
||
, depth
|
||
<elevation id="000E51536C112861FD0359D8FC8E4BEB" box="[688,792,1454,1478]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.1" metricValueMax="1.2" metricValueMin="1.0" pageId="27" pageNumber="478" unit="m" value="11.0" valueMax="12.0" valueMin="10.0">
|
||
<quantity id="4CDB1B856C112861FD0359D8FC8E4BEB" box="[688,792,1454,1478]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.1" metricValueMax="1.2" metricValueMin="1.0" pageId="27" pageNumber="478" unit="m" value="11.0" valueMax="12.0" valueMin="10.0">10–12 m</quantity>
|
||
</elevation>
|
||
, coll.
|
||
<collectorName id="26D6D3B66C112861FCD759D8FB8C4BE8" box="[868,1050,1453,1478]" pageId="27" pageNumber="478">C.S. McFadden</collectorName>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingDate id="EFD969486C112861FB9B59D8FB484BE8" box="[1064,1246,1453,1478]" pageId="27" pageNumber="478" value="2008-03-10">
|
||
<date id="FF9D90A06C112861FB9B59D8FB484BE8" box="[1064,1246,1453,1478]" pageId="27" pageNumber="478" value="2008-03-10">10 March 2008</date>
|
||
</collectingDate>
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
.
|
||
<materialsCitation id="3B4BBC3D6C112861FB5F59D8FE434820" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="1705513511" collectingDate="2008-03-11" collectorName="C. S. McFadden" country="South Africa" county="Port Elizabeth" elevation="16" latitude="-33.98448" location="Riy Banks" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="25.864017" municipality="Algoa Bay" pageId="27" pageNumber="478" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Eastern Cape">
|
||
SAF098,
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F334F6F06C112861FAE859DBFF744BC4" name="South Africa" pageId="27" pageNumber="478">South Africa</collectingCountry>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingRegion id="49E778826C112861FF5E59A4FE134BC7" box="[237,389,1489,1513]" country="South Africa" name="Eastern Cape" pageId="27" pageNumber="478">
|
||
<collectingRegion id="49E778826C112861FF5E59A4FED74BC7" box="[237,321,1490,1513]" country="American Samoa" name="Eastern" pageId="27" pageNumber="478">Eastern</collectingRegion>
|
||
Cape
|
||
</collectingRegion>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingCounty id="62FDCEEC6C112861FE2159A4FDA04BC4" box="[402,566,1489,1514]" pageId="27" pageNumber="478">Port Elizabeth</collectingCounty>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingMunicipality id="6BF82C1A6C112861FDF259A7FD2A4BC4" box="[577,700,1489,1514]" pageId="27" pageNumber="478">Algoa Bay</collectingMunicipality>
|
||
,
|
||
<location id="8EFCE0BB6C112861FD7B59A7FCD44BC4" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:038A07766C132866FF245A22FEA9492B:8EFCE0BB6C112861FD7B59A7FCD44BC4" box="[712,834,1489,1514]" country="South Africa" county="Port Elizabeth" latitude="-33.98448" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="25.864017" municipality="Algoa Bay" name="Riy Banks" pageId="27" pageNumber="478" stateProvince="Eastern Cape">Riy Banks</location>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="EE17D0A76C112861FCFD59A7FC414BC4" box="[846,983,1489,1514]" direction="south" orientation="latitude" pageId="27" pageNumber="478" precision="1" value="-33.98448">33º59.069'S</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="EE17D0A76C112861FC5059A7FBF84BC4" box="[995,1134,1489,1514]" direction="east" orientation="longitude" pageId="27" pageNumber="478" precision="1" value="25.864017">25º51.841'E</geoCoordinate>
|
||
, depth
|
||
<elevation id="000E51536C112861FB7359A7FAB04BC7" box="[1216,1318,1489,1513]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.55" metricValueMax="1.7" metricValueMin="1.4" pageId="27" pageNumber="478" unit="m" value="15.5" valueMax="17.0" valueMin="14.0">
|
||
<quantity id="4CDB1B856C112861FB7359A7FAB04BC7" box="[1216,1318,1489,1513]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.55" metricValueMax="1.7" metricValueMin="1.4" pageId="27" pageNumber="478" unit="m" value="15.5" valueMax="17.0" valueMin="14.0">14–17 m</quantity>
|
||
</elevation>
|
||
, coll.
|
||
<collectorName id="26D6D3B66C112861FADF59A7FE844820" pageId="27" pageNumber="478">C.S. McFadden</collectorName>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingDate id="EFD969486C112861FE935980FE434820" box="[288,469,1525,1550]" pageId="27" pageNumber="478" value="2008-03-11">
|
||
<date id="FF9D90A06C112861FE935980FE434820" box="[288,469,1525,1550]" pageId="27" pageNumber="478" value="2008-03-11">11 March 2008</date>
|
||
</collectingDate>
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
.
|
||
<materialsCitation id="3B4BBC3D6C112861FE515980FEB54878" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="1705513510" collectingDate="2008-03-23" collectionCode="RMNH" collectorName="C. S. McFadden" country="South Africa" county="Coel." elevation="21" latitude="-34.066166" location="Western Cape" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="18.31045" municipality="South Africa" pageId="27" pageNumber="478" specimenCode="CASIZ 222395" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Western Cape">
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED322EA56C112861FE515980FDA04823" box="[482,566,1526,1549]" country="Netherlands" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34992" name="National Museum of Natural History, Naturalis" pageId="27" pageNumber="478">RMNH</collectionCode>
|
||
<collectingCounty id="62FDCEEC6C112861FDF35983FDEB4820" box="[576,637,1525,1550]" pageId="27" pageNumber="478">Coel.</collectingCounty>
|
||
40217 (SAF383), SAF384,
|
||
<specimenCode id="DB851E1B6C112861FC745980FBE04820" box="[967,1142,1525,1550]" collectionCode="CASIZ" pageId="27" pageNumber="478">CASIZ 222395</specimenCode>
|
||
(SAF386),
|
||
<collectingMunicipality id="6BF82C1A6C112861FAB15983FA0E4820" box="[1282,1432,1525,1550]" pageId="27" pageNumber="478">
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F334F6F06C112861FAB15983FA0E4820" box="[1282,1432,1525,1550]" name="South Africa" pageId="27" pageNumber="478">South Africa</collectingCountry>
|
||
</collectingMunicipality>
|
||
,
|
||
<location id="8EFCE0BB6C112861FF245A6CFEA0481F" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:038A07766C132866FF245A22FEA9492B:8EFCE0BB6C112861FF245A6CFEA0481F" box="[151,310,1561,1585]" country="South Africa" county="Coel." latitude="-34.066166" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="18.31045" municipality="South Africa" name="Western Cape" pageId="27" pageNumber="478" stateProvince="Western Cape">
|
||
<collectingRegion id="49E778826C112861FF245A6CFEA0481F" box="[151,310,1561,1585]" country="South Africa" name="Western Cape" pageId="27" pageNumber="478">
|
||
<collectingRegion id="49E778826C112861FF245A6CFF64481F" box="[151,242,1562,1585]" country="American Samoa" name="Western" pageId="27" pageNumber="478">Western</collectingRegion>
|
||
Cape
|
||
</collectingRegion>
|
||
</location>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingRegion id="49E778826C112861FEF05A6FFEEB481F" box="[323,381,1561,1585]" country="South Africa" name="Western Cape" pageId="27" pageNumber="478">Cape</collectingRegion>
|
||
Peninsula, Vulcan Rock,
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="EE17D0A76C112861FD115A6FFCBD481F" box="[674,811,1561,1585]" direction="south" orientation="latitude" pageId="27" pageNumber="478" precision="1" value="-34.066166">34º03.970'S</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="EE17D0A76C112861FC8B5A6FFC54481C" box="[824,962,1561,1586]" direction="east" orientation="longitude" pageId="27" pageNumber="478" precision="1" value="18.31045">18º18.627'E</geoCoordinate>
|
||
, depth
|
||
<elevation id="000E51536C112861FBA65A6FFBED481F" box="[1045,1147,1561,1586]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.1" metricValueMax="2.7" metricValueMin="1.5" pageId="27" pageNumber="478" unit="m" value="21.0" valueMax="27.0" valueMin="15.0">
|
||
<quantity id="4CDB1B856C112861FBA65A6FFBED481F" box="[1045,1147,1561,1586]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.1" metricValueMax="2.7" metricValueMin="1.5" pageId="27" pageNumber="478" unit="m" value="21.0" valueMax="27.0" valueMin="15.0">15–27 m</quantity>
|
||
</elevation>
|
||
, coll.
|
||
<collectorName id="26D6D3B66C112861FB725A6FFAE2481C" box="[1217,1396,1561,1586]" pageId="27" pageNumber="478">C.S. McFadden</collectorName>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingDate id="EFD969486C112861FA335A6FFEB54878" pageId="27" pageNumber="478" value="2008-03-23">
|
||
<date id="FF9D90A06C112861FA335A6FFEB54878" pageId="27" pageNumber="478" value="2008-03-23">23 March 2008</date>
|
||
</collectingDate>
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C339E5EB6C112866FF745A17FD1A4CDE" lastPageId="28" lastPageNumber="479" pageId="27" pageNumber="478" type="description">
|
||
<paragraph id="8B9CB6606C112861FF745A17FEB44958" blockId="27.[151,1437,1273,2018]" pageId="27" pageNumber="478">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9576A726C112861FF745A17FEC74854" bold="true" box="[199,337,1633,1658]" pageId="27" pageNumber="478">Description</emphasis>
|
||
. As re-described by Williams (1992a),
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C23CDE36C112861FC8F5A17FBE54854" authority="Thomson" authorityName="Mcfadden & Van Ofwegen" authorityYear="2017" box="[828,1139,1633,1658]" class="Anthozoa" family="Alcyoniidae" genus="Alcyonium" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Alcyonacea" pageId="27" pageNumber="478" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" sensu="lato" species="fauri">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9576A726C112861FC8F5A17FC6F4857" box="[828,1017,1633,1658]" italics="true" pageId="27" pageNumber="478">Alcyonium fauri</emphasis>
|
||
Thomson
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A264D7096C112861FB315A14FB6D4854" box="[1154,1275,1633,1658]" pageId="27" pageNumber="478" sensu="lato">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9576A726C112861FB315A14FB6D4854" box="[1154,1275,1633,1658]" italics="true" pageId="27" pageNumber="478">sensu lato</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
encompasses material with a wide range of colony growth forms (“membranous, globular to capitate, or lobate”), colors (“purple, pink, white, golden yellow, orange, or dark smoke-grey to dark brown”), and polyp armature (polyp sclerites ranging from dense to very sparse or absent). We consider it likely that multiple species have been lumped within this broad definition of this taxon. Here we re-describe newly collected material that matches the original description of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C23CDE36C112861FE845B63FD024900" authority="Hickson" authorityName="Hickson. Luttschwager" authorityYear="1922" box="[311,660,1813,1838]" class="Anthozoa" family="Alcyoniidae" genus="Alcyonium" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Alcyonacea" pageId="27" pageNumber="478" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="purpureum">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9576A726C112861FE845B63FDA74903" box="[311,561,1813,1838]" italics="true" pageId="27" pageNumber="478">Alcyonium purpureum</emphasis>
|
||
Hickson
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(=
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C23CDE36C112861FD085B63FB8C4900" authority="Luttschwager" authorityName="Luttschwager" box="[699,1050,1813,1838]" class="Anthozoa" family="Alcyoniidae" genus="Alcyonium" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Alcyonacea" pageId="27" pageNumber="478" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="fallax">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9576A726C112861FD085B63FCEF4900" box="[699,889,1813,1838]" italics="true" pageId="27" pageNumber="478">Alcyonium fallax</emphasis>
|
||
Lüttschwager
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
) and Thomson’s (1910) later more detailed description of that species. Some of our material was collected from a site very close to the
|
||
<typeStatus id="549808C26C112861FB465B4CFAB3497C" box="[1269,1317,1850,1874]" pageId="27" pageNumber="478">type</typeStatus>
|
||
locality in Mossel Bay.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8B9CB6606C112866FF745BF4FE0E4F6E" blockId="27.[151,1437,1273,2018]" lastBlockId="28.[151,1437,151,1797]" lastPageId="28" lastPageNumber="479" pageId="27" pageNumber="478">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C23CDE36C112861FF745BF4FEB549B4" authorityName="Mcfadden & Van Ofwegen" authorityYear="2017" baseAuthorityName="Luttschwager" baseAuthorityYear="1922" box="[199,291,1921,1946]" class="Anthozoa" family="Alcyoniidae" genus="Alcyonium" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Alcyonacea" pageId="27" pageNumber="478" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="fallax" status="comb. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9576A726C112861FF745BF4FEB549B4" box="[199,291,1921,1946]" italics="true" pageId="27" pageNumber="478">T. fallax</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A264D7096C112861FE985BF4FE1849B4" box="[299,398,1921,1946]" pageId="27" pageNumber="478">n. comb.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
forms encrusting to lobate colonies in which the polyps arise from a membranous base and are fused together along their lengths to form a more-or-less homogeneous mass (
|
||
<figureCitation id="1318AAE56C112861FBE75BD3FB404990" box="[1108,1238,1957,1982]" captionStart="FIGURE 13" captionStartId="22.[151,250,1937,1959]" captionTargetBox="[181,1409,695,1911]" captionTargetId="figure@22.[181,1409,695,1911]" captionTargetPageId="22" captionText="FIGURE 13. a, Leptophyton fustis n. sp. holotype, RMNH Coel. 40211 (SAF087); b, Tenerodus fallax RMNH Coel. 40215 (SAF067), attached to a polychaete tube; c, Tenerodus fallax RMNH Coel. 40217 (SAF383), growing on a mussel shell; d, Tenerodus pollex n. sp. holotype, RMNH Coel.40219 (SAF420)." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1114559/files/figure.png" pageId="27" pageNumber="478">Fig. 13b, c</figureCitation>
|
||
). The polyps are prominent, and remain oriented vertically with their oral surfaces facing upwards, even when retracted. There is little colony coenenchyme between neighboring polyps, with the result that in those polyps that are located on the periphery of the colony the entire length of the polyp body remains visible and distinguishable from its neighbors. When fully retracted the polyps remain visible as coenenchymal mounds. Colonies range from encrusting, a few mm thick, to erect forms>
|
||
<quantity id="4CDB1B856C162866FE735D72FE634F32" box="[448,501,260,284]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.0" pageId="28" pageNumber="479" unit="cm" value="3.0">3 cm</quantity>
|
||
tall with multiple lobes. They often grow attached to other organisms such as worm tubes or bivalve shells.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8B9CB6606C162866FF745D3AFADF4C86" blockId="28.[151,1437,151,1797]" pageId="28" pageNumber="479">
|
||
The polyp sclerites are robust spindles and slightly clubbed forms,
|
||
<quantity id="4CDB1B856C162866FC035D3AFBC44F4A" box="[944,1106,332,357]" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.05" metricValueMax="2.5" metricValueMin="1.6" pageId="28" pageNumber="479" unit="mm" value="0.205" valueMax="0.25" valueMin="0.16">0.16–0.25 mm</quantity>
|
||
long, with complex tubercles (
|
||
<figureCitation id="1318AAE56C162866FF2C5D19FE964FA6" box="[159,256,367,392]" captionStart="FIGURE 15" captionStartId="26.[151,250,1950,1972]" captionTargetBox="[180,1404,195,1923]" captionTargetId="figure@26.[180,1404,195,1923]" captionTargetPageId="26" captionText="FIGURE 15. Tenerodus fallax n. comb. RMNH Coel. 40214 (SAF072). a, club-like sclerites from polyps and colony surface; b, asymmetrical spinose clubs from polyps and colony surface; c, tentacle sclerites; d, radiates and tuberculate spheroids from colony surface." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1114563/files/figure.png" pageId="28" pageNumber="479">Fig. 15a</figureCitation>
|
||
), and torch-like clubs,
|
||
<quantity id="4CDB1B856C162866FDB55D06FD3D4FA9" box="[518,683,368,392]" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.75" metricValueMax="2.2" metricValueMin="1.3" pageId="28" pageNumber="479" unit="mm" value="0.175" valueMax="0.22" valueMin="0.13">0.13–0.22 mm</quantity>
|
||
long, with asymmetrical heads of smooth, spinose processes (
|
||
<figureCitation id="1318AAE56C162866FADC5D19FF524F83" captionStart="FIGURE 15" captionStartId="26.[151,250,1950,1972]" captionTargetBox="[180,1404,195,1923]" captionTargetId="figure@26.[180,1404,195,1923]" captionTargetPageId="26" captionText="FIGURE 15. Tenerodus fallax n. comb. RMNH Coel. 40214 (SAF072). a, club-like sclerites from polyps and colony surface; b, asymmetrical spinose clubs from polyps and colony surface; c, tentacle sclerites; d, radiates and tuberculate spheroids from colony surface." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1114563/files/figure.png" pageId="28" pageNumber="479">Fig. 15b</figureCitation>
|
||
). They are arranged in eight longitudinal tracts in the base of the polyp and extend distally to form points at the bases of the tentacles. A collaret of transverse sclerites is lacking. The tentacles have smooth, flat, antler-like rods,
|
||
<quantity id="4CDB1B856C162866FF245DAAFEAF4FDA" box="[151,313,476,500]" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.5" metricValueMax="1.7999999999999998" metricValueMin="1.2" pageId="28" pageNumber="479" unit="mm" value="0.15" valueMax="0.18" valueMin="0.12">0.12–0.18 mm</quantity>
|
||
long (
|
||
<figureCitation id="1318AAE56C162866FE335DAAFE764FDB" box="[384,480,476,501]" captionStart="FIGURE 15" captionStartId="26.[151,250,1950,1972]" captionTargetBox="[180,1404,195,1923]" captionTargetId="figure@26.[180,1404,195,1923]" captionTargetPageId="26" captionText="FIGURE 15. Tenerodus fallax n. comb. RMNH Coel. 40214 (SAF072). a, club-like sclerites from polyps and colony surface; b, asymmetrical spinose clubs from polyps and colony surface; c, tentacle sclerites; d, radiates and tuberculate spheroids from colony surface." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1114563/files/figure.png" pageId="28" pageNumber="479">Fig. 15c</figureCitation>
|
||
). In the surface of the polyparium and base of the colony there are radiates,
|
||
<quantity id="4CDB1B856C162866FA9E5DAAFF554C39" metricMagnitude="-5" metricUnit="m" metricValue="8.499999999999998" metricValueMax="11.0" metricValueMin="6.0" pageId="28" pageNumber="479" unit="mm" value="0.08499999999999999" valueMax="0.11" valueMin="0.06">0.06–0.11 mm</quantity>
|
||
long, and tuberculate spheroids,
|
||
<quantity id="4CDB1B856C162866FD885E76FD494C39" box="[571,735,512,536]" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.05" metricValueMax="1.3" metricValueMin="0.8" pageId="28" pageNumber="479" unit="mm" value="0.105" valueMax="0.13" valueMin="0.08">0.08–0.13 mm</quantity>
|
||
long (
|
||
<figureCitation id="1318AAE56C162866FC9A5D89FC1D4C36" box="[809,907,511,536]" captionStart="FIGURE 15" captionStartId="26.[151,250,1950,1972]" captionTargetBox="[180,1404,195,1923]" captionTargetId="figure@26.[180,1404,195,1923]" captionTargetPageId="26" captionText="FIGURE 15. Tenerodus fallax n. comb. RMNH Coel. 40214 (SAF072). a, club-like sclerites from polyps and colony surface; b, asymmetrical spinose clubs from polyps and colony surface; c, tentacle sclerites; d, radiates and tuberculate spheroids from colony surface." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1114563/files/figure.png" pageId="28" pageNumber="479">Fig. 15d</figureCitation>
|
||
), in addition to the same
|
||
<typeStatus id="549808C26C162866FB1E5E76FB7E4C36" box="[1197,1256,512,536]" pageId="28" pageNumber="479">types</typeStatus>
|
||
of spindles and clubs found in the polyps. As one moves from the base of a polyp to the base of the colony the proportion of sclerite
|
||
<typeStatus id="549808C26C162866FF5C5E3EFEBC4C4E" box="[239,298,584,608]" pageId="28" pageNumber="479">types</typeStatus>
|
||
shifts gradually from predominantly spindles and clubs to predominantly radiates and spheroids, but there is no sharp demarcation in sclerite form between different anatomical regions. The colony interior contains mostly spheres and radiates of the same sizes and shapes as those found in the surface of the base (
|
||
<figureCitation id="1318AAE56C162866FB5B5EF9FAAA4C86" box="[1256,1340,655,680]" captionStart="FIGURE 16" captionStartId="27.[151,250,1176,1198]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,193,1154]" captionTargetId="figure@27.[151,1436,193,1154]" captionTargetPageId="27" captionText="FIGURE 16. Tenerodus fallax n. comb. RMNH Coel. 40214 (SAF072). Radiates and tuberculate spheroids from interior of colony." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1114565/files/figure.png" pageId="28" pageNumber="479">Fig. 16</figureCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8B9CB6606C162866FF745EC2FD1A4CDE" blockId="28.[151,1437,151,1797]" pageId="28" pageNumber="479">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9576A726C162866FF745EC2FE9C4CE3" bold="true" box="[199,266,692,717]" pageId="28" pageNumber="479">Color</emphasis>
|
||
. In life, vivid purple, yellow, pink, or white with purple or yellow highlights (
|
||
<figureCitation id="1318AAE56C162866FBC65EC2FB724CE3" box="[1141,1252,692,717]" captionStart="FIGURE 5" captionStartId="10.[151,250,1819,1841]" captionTargetBox="[232,1366,195,1796]" captionTargetId="figure@10.[232,1366,195,1796]" captionTargetPageId="10" captionText="FIGURE 5. a, Lampophyton spinatum n. sp. paratype, RMNH Coel. 40199 (SAF195), colony photographed in situ; b, Alcyonium dolium n. sp. holotype, RMNH Coel.40204 (SAF292); c, Leptophyton benayahui SAF289 photographed in situ; d, Leptophyton fustis n. sp., holotype, RMNH Coel. 40211 (SAF087), colony photographed in situ (T. fallax n. comb. purple morph visible in lower right corner); e, Circularius wilsoni n. comb. RMNH Coel. 40207 (SAF448), colonies growing on mussel shell photographed in situ; f, Tenerodus pollex n. gen., n. sp. holotype, RMNH Coel. 40219 (SAF420), colonies photographed in situ; g, Tenerodus fallax, n. comb. RMNH Coel. 40217 (SAF383), pink color morph; h, Tenerodus fallax, n. comb. SAF015, purple and yellow color morphs." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1114515/files/figure.png" pageId="28" pageNumber="479">
|
||
Fig.
|
||
<quantity id="4CDB1B856C162866FB1A5EC2FB5E4CE3" box="[1193,1224,692,717]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="kg" metricValue="5.0" pageId="28" pageNumber="479" unit="g" value="5.0">5g</quantity>
|
||
, h
|
||
</figureCitation>
|
||
). All colors turn brown to cream in EtOH. Sclerites colorless.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C339E5EB6C162866FF745E8AFEA9492B" pageId="28" pageNumber="479" type="discussion">
|
||
<paragraph id="8B9CB6606C162866FF745E8AFE5A4A79" blockId="28.[151,1437,151,1797]" pageId="28" pageNumber="479">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9576A726C162866FF745E8AFEA24D3B" bold="true" box="[199,308,764,789]" pageId="28" pageNumber="479">Remarks</emphasis>
|
||
. Hickson (1904) first described
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C23CDE36C162866FD745E8AFC5F4D3A" authorityName="Hickson. Luttschwager" authorityYear="1922" box="[711,969,764,789]" class="Anthozoa" family="Alcyoniidae" genus="Alcyonium" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Alcyonacea" pageId="28" pageNumber="479" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="purpureum">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9576A726C162866FD745E8AFC5F4D3A" box="[711,969,764,789]" italics="true" pageId="28" pageNumber="479">Alcyonium purpureum</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
non Lamarck, a bright purple colony collected from the jetty at Mossel Bay. Thomson (1910) subsequently identified this same species in his material. Thomson’s description and illustration of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C23CDE36C162866FD355F32FC194D73" authority="Hickson" authorityName="Hickson. Luttschwager" authorityYear="1922" box="[646,911,836,861]" class="Anthozoa" family="Alcyoniidae" genus="Alcyonium" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Alcyonacea" pageId="28" pageNumber="479" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="purpureum">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9576A726C162866FD355F32FCB04D72" box="[646,806,836,860]" italics="true" pageId="28" pageNumber="479">A. purpureum</emphasis>
|
||
Hickson
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
best matches the specimens described here: colonies consisting of a number of lobes arising from an encrusting membrane; sclerite forms are mostly clubs, spindles, tuberculate spheres and "double spheres", similar in all parts of the colony; spindles arranged in eight parallel bands and irregularly
|
||
<emphasis id="B9576A726C162866FE545FC7FDF44DE6" box="[487,610,943,968]" italics="true" pageId="28" pageNumber="479">en chevron</emphasis>
|
||
in the polyps; some radiates (“double clubs”) in the colony base; color in life due to a soluble purple pigment. From this description we conclude that our material corresponds to Thomson’s
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C23CDE36C162866FF245F8EFD314A3E" authority="Hickson. Luttschwager (1922)" authorityName="Hickson. Luttschwager" authorityYear="1922" box="[151,679,1015,1040]" class="Anthozoa" family="Alcyoniidae" genus="Alcyonium" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Alcyonacea" pageId="28" pageNumber="479" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="purpureum">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9576A726C162866FF245F8EFEAE4A3E" box="[151,312,1016,1040]" italics="true" pageId="28" pageNumber="479">A. purpureum</emphasis>
|
||
Hickson. Lüttschwager (1922)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
recognized that the name
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C23CDE36C162866FC5E5F8EFB194A3E" authorityName="Hickson. Luttschwager" authorityYear="1922" box="[1005,1167,1016,1040]" class="Anthozoa" family="Alcyoniidae" genus="Alcyonium" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Alcyonacea" pageId="28" pageNumber="479" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="purpureum">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9576A726C162866FC5E5F8EFB194A3E" box="[1005,1167,1016,1040]" italics="true" pageId="28" pageNumber="479">A. purpureum</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
used by Hickson was preoccupied by a species from
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F334F6F06C162866FDA3586AFDE14A1B" box="[528,631,1052,1077]" name="Australia" pageId="28" pageNumber="479">Australia</collectingCountry>
|
||
(
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C23CDE36C162866FD3E586AFC304A1B" authority="Linnaeus" authorityName="Linnaeus" box="[653,934,1052,1077]" class="Anthozoa" family="Alcyoniidae" genus="Alcyonium" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Alcyonacea" pageId="28" pageNumber="479" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="purpureum">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9576A726C162866FD3E586AFCBB4A1A" box="[653,813,1052,1076]" italics="true" pageId="28" pageNumber="479">A. purpureum</emphasis>
|
||
Linnaeus
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
), and re-named the South African species
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C23CDE36C162866FF245849FEC34A76" authorityName="Mcfadden & Van Ofwegen" authorityYear="2017" baseAuthorityName="Luttschwager" baseAuthorityYear="1922" box="[151,341,1087,1112]" class="Anthozoa" family="Alcyoniidae" genus="Alcyonium" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Alcyonacea" pageId="28" pageNumber="479" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="fallax" status="nom. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9576A726C162866FF245849FEC34A76" box="[151,341,1087,1112]" italics="true" pageId="28" pageNumber="479">Alcyonium fallax</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A264D7096C162866FEEF5836FE5A4A79" box="[348,460,1088,1111]" pageId="28" pageNumber="479">nom. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8B9CB6606C162866FF745813FC824803" blockId="28.[151,1437,151,1797]" pageId="28" pageNumber="479">
|
||
In the same paper in which he identified purple, lobate colonies as
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C23CDE36C162866FC7F5812FA0A4A52" authority="Hickson, Thomson (1910)" authorityName="Hickson, Thomson" authorityYear="1910" box="[972,1436,1124,1149]" class="Anthozoa" family="Alcyoniidae" genus="Alcyonium" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Alcyonacea" pageId="28" pageNumber="479" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="purpureum">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9576A726C162866FC7F5812FBFE4A52" box="[972,1128,1124,1148]" italics="true" pageId="28" pageNumber="479">A. purpureum</emphasis>
|
||
Hickson, Thomson (1910)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
described
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C23CDE36C162866FEBB58F1FE2A4A8E" authorityName="Mcfadden & Van Ofwegen" authorityYear="2017" box="[264,444,1159,1184]" class="Anthozoa" family="Alcyoniidae" genus="Alcyonium" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Alcyonacea" pageId="28" pageNumber="479" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="fauri">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9576A726C162866FEBB58F1FE2A4A8E" box="[264,444,1159,1184]" italics="true" pageId="28" pageNumber="479">Alcyonium fauri</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, a brown, encrusting colony that lacks sclerites in the polyps and colony interior, and has only “double wheels” in the colony surface. From his illustrations these sclerites appear to be compact radiates or spheroids with sparse ornamentation and a median waist. Based on examination of material collected by Carlgren (and apparently not the material of Thomson), Broch (1939) concluded that there was wide variation in the degree of polyp armature and presence of interior sclerites among specimens, and consequently synonymized
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C23CDE36C162866FABD596EFAF54B1E" authorityName="Mcfadden & Van Ofwegen" authorityYear="2017" box="[1294,1379,1304,1328]" class="Anthozoa" family="Alcyoniidae" genus="Alcyonium" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Alcyonacea" pageId="28" pageNumber="479" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="fauri">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9576A726C162866FABD596EFAF54B1E" box="[1294,1379,1304,1328]" italics="true" pageId="28" pageNumber="479">A. fauri</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
with
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C23CDE36C162866FF24594AFF614B7B" authorityName="Mcfadden & Van Ofwegen" authorityYear="2017" baseAuthorityName="Luttschwager" baseAuthorityYear="1922" box="[151,247,1340,1365]" class="Anthozoa" family="Alcyoniidae" genus="Alcyonium" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Alcyonacea" pageId="28" pageNumber="479" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="fallax">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9576A726C162866FF24594AFF614B7B" box="[151,247,1340,1365]" italics="true" pageId="28" pageNumber="479">A. fallax</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, the former name taking precedence. Williams (1992a) accepted Broch’s conclusion that
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C23CDE36C162866FB40594AFADC4B7A" authorityName="Mcfadden & Van Ofwegen" authorityYear="2017" box="[1267,1354,1340,1364]" class="Anthozoa" family="Alcyoniidae" genus="Alcyonium" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Alcyonacea" pageId="28" pageNumber="479" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="fauri">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9576A726C162866FB40594AFADC4B7A" box="[1267,1354,1340,1364]" italics="true" pageId="28" pageNumber="479">A. fauri</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C23CDE36C162866FA37594AFEEE4B56" authority="Hickson" authorityName="Hickson. Luttschwager" authorityYear="1922" class="Anthozoa" family="Alcyoniidae" genus="Alcyonium" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Alcyonacea" pageId="28" pageNumber="479" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="purpureum">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9576A726C162866FA37594AFE854B56" italics="true" pageId="28" pageNumber="479">A. purpureum</emphasis>
|
||
Hickson
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(=
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C23CDE36C162866FE175916FD3E4B56" authority="Luttschwager" authorityName="Luttschwager" box="[420,680,1375,1400]" class="Anthozoa" family="Alcyoniidae" genus="Alcyonium" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Alcyonacea" pageId="28" pageNumber="479" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="fallax">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9576A726C162866FE175916FD924B56" box="[420,516,1375,1400]" italics="true" pageId="28" pageNumber="479">A. fallax</emphasis>
|
||
Lüttschwager
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
) are synonyms, but he also does not appear to have examined the material of Thomson. Thomson's original material was also unavailable to us for examination, but based on his illustrations and detailed descriptions, we disagree that these two forms are synonymous, and retain the species name
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C23CDE36C162866FF6F59BAFE8A4BCB" box="[220,284,1484,1509]" class="Anthozoa" family="Alcyoniidae" genus="Alcyonium" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Alcyonacea" pageId="28" pageNumber="479" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="fallax">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9576A726C162866FF6F59BAFE8A4BCB" box="[220,284,1484,1509]" italics="true" pageId="28" pageNumber="479">fallax</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
for material that fits the description given above. Thomson’s (1910) description of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C23CDE36C162866FB6F59BBFAA44BCA" authorityName="Mcfadden & Van Ofwegen" authorityYear="2017" box="[1244,1330,1484,1508]" class="Anthozoa" family="Alcyoniidae" genus="Alcyonium" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Alcyonacea" pageId="28" pageNumber="479" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="fauri">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9576A726C162866FB6F59BBFAA44BCA" box="[1244,1330,1484,1508]" italics="true" pageId="28" pageNumber="479">A. fauri</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
does not closely match any species recorded subsequently from
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F334F6F06C162866FD4F5999FC1D4826" box="[764,907,1519,1544]" name="South Africa" pageId="28" pageNumber="479">South Africa</collectingCountry>
|
||
with the possible exception of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C23CDE36C162866FB565999FE9A4803" authorityName="Mcfadden & Van Ofwegen" authorityYear="2017" baseAuthorityName="Williams" baseAuthorityYear="1988" class="Anthozoa" family="Parasphaerascleridae" genus="Porphyrophyton" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Alcyonacea" pageId="28" pageNumber="479" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="distinctum" status="comb. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9576A726C162866FB565999FE9A4803" italics="true" pageId="28" pageNumber="479">Porphyrophyton distinctum</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A264D7096C162866FEA05A63FEE24803" box="[275,372,1556,1581]" pageId="28" pageNumber="479">n. comb.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
(see remarks above for that species).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8B9CB6606C162866FF745A41FEA9492B" blockId="28.[151,1437,151,1797]" pageId="28" pageNumber="479">
|
||
Although Williams (1992a) illustrated the range of variation in polyp armature and sclerite form he observed among three colonies he examined, he did not indicate which specimens were illustrated or which sclerite variants came from which colony. The absence of such information makes it impossible to determine if any of the specimens he included within
|
||
<emphasis id="B9576A726C162866FE435AD3FD554893" box="[496,707,1700,1725]" italics="true" pageId="28" pageNumber="479">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C23CDE36C162866FE435AD3FDDE4892" authority="Mcfadden & Van Ofwegen, 2017" authorityName="Mcfadden & Van Ofwegen" authorityYear="2017" box="[496,584,1700,1724]" class="Anthozoa" family="Alcyoniidae" genus="Alcyonium" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Alcyonacea" pageId="28" pageNumber="479" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" sensu="lato" species="fauri">A. fauri</taxonomicName>
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A264D7096C162866FDE35AD3FD554893" box="[592,707,1700,1725]" pageId="28" pageNumber="479" sensu="lato">sensu lato</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
match those we recognize here as different species. The colony forms he illustrates in
|
||
<figureCitation id="1318AAE56C162866FE275AB1FE6348CE" box="[404,501,1735,1760]" captionStart="FIGURE 1" captionStartId="4.[151,250,1614,1636]" captionTargetBox="[171,1407,217,1570]" captionTargetId="figure@4.[151,1436,195,1590]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="FIGURE 1. Maximum likelihood phylogeny of Octocorallia based on combined, partitioned analysis of 28S rDNA, COI and 16S mtDNA.South African species and clades are identified in blue. Filled circles indicate nodes with>70% bootstrap support and Bayesian posterior probabilities>0.95 (shown for South African clades only). Strongly supported clades (bootstrap 70%) with no South African members have been collapsed to facilitate readability. Phylogenetic position of Protodendron repens indicated with *." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1114481/files/figure.png" pageId="28" pageNumber="479">Figs. 1B</figureCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<figureCitation id="1318AAE56C162866FDB15ABEFD0948CE" box="[514,671,1735,1760]" captionStart="FIGURE 13" captionStartId="22.[151,250,1937,1959]" captionTargetBox="[181,1409,695,1911]" captionTargetId="figure@22.[181,1409,695,1911]" captionTargetPageId="22" captionText="FIGURE 13. a, Leptophyton fustis n. sp. holotype, RMNH Coel. 40211 (SAF087); b, Tenerodus fallax RMNH Coel. 40215 (SAF067), attached to a polychaete tube; c, Tenerodus fallax RMNH Coel. 40217 (SAF383), growing on a mussel shell; d, Tenerodus pollex n. sp. holotype, RMNH Coel.40219 (SAF420)." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1114559/files/figure.png" pageId="28" pageNumber="479">13B, and 13E</figureCitation>
|
||
, and the polyp armature depicted in
|
||
<figureCitation id="1318AAE56C162866FB885AB1FB0948CE" box="[1083,1183,1735,1760]" captionStart="FIGURE 14" captionStartId="23.[151,250,1976,1998]" captionTargetBox="[169,1417,193,1955]" captionTargetId="figure@23.[169,1417,193,1955]" captionTargetPageId="23" captionText="FIGURE 14. Leptophyton fustis n. sp. holotype, RMNH Coel. 40211 (SAF087). a, tentacle sclerites; b, radiates from colony surface; c, club-like forms from colony surface; d, sclerites from base of stalk." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1114561/files/figure.png" pageId="28" pageNumber="479">Fig. 14A</figureCitation>
|
||
most closely match
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C23CDE36C162866FA345ABFFF41492B" authorityName="Mcfadden & Van Ofwegen" authorityYear="2017" baseAuthorityName="Luttschwager" baseAuthorityYear="1922" class="Anthozoa" family="Alcyoniidae" genus="Alcyonium" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Alcyonacea" pageId="28" pageNumber="479" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="fallax" status="comb. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9576A726C162866FA345ABFFF41492B" italics="true" pageId="28" pageNumber="479">T. fallax</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A264D7096C162866FF6E5A9BFEA9492B" box="[221,319,1772,1797]" pageId="28" pageNumber="479">n. comb.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |