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<document id="3FF06B7860A9004848870FB926E7E576" ID-CLB-Dataset="6085" ID-DOI="10.11646/phytotaxa.31.1.1" ID-GBIF-Dataset="2185a8cf-c15c-448b-b8c0-6055976408ed" ID-ISSN="1179-3163" ID-Zenodo-Dep="4894648" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.tables_requiresApprovalFor="existingObjects,plazi" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" IM.treatmentCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.treatments_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1622649568931" checkinUser="felipe" docAuthor="Gonzales, Jasivia &amp; Kessler, Michael" docDate="2011" docId="0380F37CFFD27F3499A6E6C6D67EFC74" docLanguage="en" docName="Phytotaxa.31.1-54.pdf.imf" docOrigin="Phytotaxa 31" docStyle="DocumentStyle:13F189B31CB4CCCE9197361A4E100104.3:Phytotaxa.2011-2013.journal_article" docStyleId="13F189B31CB4CCCE9197361A4E100104" docStyleName="Phytotaxa.2011-2013.journal_article" docStyleVersion="3" docTitle="Sticherus fulvus Ching 1940" docType="treatment" docVersion="8" lastPageNumber="25" masterDocId="FFB98B04FFC57F2C9931E37FD712FFAA" masterDocTitle="A synopsis of the Neotropical species of Sticherus (Gleicheniaceae), with descriptions of nine new species" masterLastPageNumber="54" masterPageNumber="1" pageNumber="24" updateTime="1698998516251" updateUser="ExternalLinkService" zenodo-license-document="CLOSED">
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<mods:title id="2A6A9B44068B73AF57B2A2A240B48170">A synopsis of the Neotropical species of Sticherus (Gleicheniaceae), with descriptions of nine new species</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="2C9D58AF59E4AE5D1FB8F9DA8FA4BD47">Gonzales, Jasivia</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation id="ED67C60179D466A1E43658F2DDBCA62B">Herbario Nacional de Bolivia, Casilla 10077, La Paz, Bolivia. Systematic Botany, University of Zurich, Zollikerstrasse 107, CH- 8008 Zurich, Switzerland. E-mail: michael. kessler @ systbot. uzh. ch</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart id="AB504B30E76AA968AF33906174F6EB8C">Kessler, Michael</mods:namePart>
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<mods:title id="EA7EBACCBB57DB1092FFDD1C66DD09ED">Phytotaxa</mods:title>
</mods:titleInfo>
<mods:part id="F696A4EB61C6512C6F0786C67E3E94DB">
<mods:date id="C2B6C42731F711BFCD199D849F06DC10">2011</mods:date>
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<mods:number id="1C45D7C234F33DE41EB6253BDAF7922A">2011-12-31</mods:number>
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<mods:number id="E4C475AE3AF5FDD3E9AA3F5F4358AD5A">31</mods:number>
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<mods:classification id="EAD9C4A116E726A5933F58769DC3640F">journal article</mods:classification>
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<mods:identifier id="83E81ACB3855C557F712290F9EC91AF6" type="ISSN">1179-3163</mods:identifier>
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<treatment id="0380F37CFFD27F3499A6E6C6D67EFC74" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4948238" ID-GBIF-Taxon="182742282" ID-Zenodo-Dep="4948238" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:0380F37CFFD27F3499A6E6C6D67EFC74" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/0380F37CFFD27F3499A6E6C6D67EFC74" lastPageId="24" lastPageNumber="25" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">
<subSubSection id="C33311E1FFD27F3B99A6E6C6D584FA79" box="[151,662,1465,1491]" pageId="23" pageNumber="24" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph id="8B96426AFFD27F3B99A6E6C6D584FA79" blockId="23.[151,662,1465,1491]" box="[151,662,1465,1491]" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">
<heading id="D0DEF506FFD27F3B99A6E6C6D584FA79" box="[151,662,1465,1491]" fontSize="11" level="2" pageId="23" pageNumber="24" reason="3">
<treatmentCitationGroup id="AB396544FFD27F3B99A6E6C6D584FA79" box="[151,662,1465,1491]" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">
<treatmentCitation id="0A88647BFFD27F3B99A6E6C6D581FA79" author="Ching, R. C." box="[151,659,1465,1491]" page=")" pageId="23" pageNumber="24" year="1940">
<taxonomicName id="4C2939E9FFD27F3B99A6E6C6D581FA79" ID-CoL="52HV8" authority="(Desv.) Ching (1940: 238)" authorityName="Ching" authorityPageNumber="238" authorityYear="1940" baseAuthorityName="Desv." box="[151,659,1465,1491]" class="Polypodiopsida" family="Gleicheniaceae" genus="Sticherus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Gleicheniales" pageId="23" pageNumber="24" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="fulvus">
<emphasis id="B95D9E78FFD27F3B99A6E6C6D645FA79" bold="true" box="[151,343,1465,1491]" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">Sticherus fulvus</emphasis>
(Desv.)
<bibRefCitation id="EFB83F9BFFD27F3B988BE6C6D581FA79" author="Ching, R. C." box="[442,659,1465,1491]" pageId="23" pageNumber="24" pagination="269 - 289" refId="ref30487" refString="Ching, R. C. (1940) On the genus Gleichenia Smith. Sunyatsenia 5: 269 - 289." type="journal article" year="1940">Ching (1940: 238)</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
</treatmentCitation>
.
</treatmentCitationGroup>
</heading>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C33311E1FFD27F3B99A6E579D35FF9D7" pageId="23" pageNumber="24" type="reference_group">
<paragraph id="8B96426AFFD27F3B99A6E579D576F997" blockId="23.[151,1437,1542,2006]" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">
<treatmentCitationGroup id="AB396544FFD27F3B99A6E579D28EF9B7" box="[151,1436,1542,1566]" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">
<treatmentCitation id="0A88647BFFD27F3B99A6E579D520F9B7" author="Desvaux, M." box="[151,562,1542,1565]" page=")" pageId="23" pageNumber="24" year="1827">
<taxonomicName id="4C2939E9FFD27F3B99A6E579D520F9B7" authority="Desvaux (1827: 201)" authorityName="Desvaux" authorityPageNumber="201" authorityYear="1827" box="[151,562,1542,1565]" class="Tentaculata" family="Mertensiidae" genus="Mertensia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cydippida" pageId="23" pageNumber="24" phylum="Ctenophora" rank="species" species="fulva">
<emphasis id="B95D9E78FFD27F3B99A6E579D653F9B7" box="[151,321,1542,1565]" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">Mertensia fulva</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="EFB83F9BFFD27F3B987BE579D520F9B7" author="Desvaux, M." box="[330,562,1542,1565]" pageId="23" pageNumber="24" pagination="171 - 337" refId="ref30912" refString="Desvaux, M. (1827) Prodrome de la famille des fougeres. Annales de la Societe Linneenne de Paris 6: 171 - 337, pl. 7 - 11." type="journal article" year="1827">Desvaux (1827: 201)</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
</treatmentCitation>
.
<treatmentCitation id="0A88647BFFD27F3B9B0EE579D369F9B7" author="Underwood, L. M." box="[575,1147,1542,1565]" page=")" pageId="23" pageNumber="24" year="1907">
<taxonomicName id="4C2939E9FFD27F3B9B0EE579D369F9B7" ID-CoL="35SV8" authority="(Desv.) Underwood (1907: 255)" authorityName="Underwood" authorityPageNumber="255" authorityYear="1907" baseAuthorityName="Desv." box="[575,1147,1542,1565]" class="Polypodiopsida" family="Gleicheniaceae" genus="Dicranopteris" kingdom="Plantae" order="Gleicheniales" pageId="23" pageNumber="24" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="fulva">
<emphasis id="B95D9E78FFD27F3B9B0EE579D401F9B7" box="[575,787,1542,1565]" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">Dicranopteris fulva</emphasis>
(Desv.)
<bibRefCitation id="EFB83F9BFFD27F3B9A43E579D369F9B7" author="Underwood, L. M." box="[882,1147,1542,1565]" pageId="23" pageNumber="24" pagination="243 - 262" refId="ref34344" refString="Underwood, L. M. (1907) American Ferns VIII. A preliminary review of the North American Gleicheniaceae. Bulletin of the Torrey Botanical Club 34: 243 - 262." type="journal article" year="1907">Underwood (1907: 255)</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
</treatmentCitation>
.
<emphasis id="B95D9E78FFD27F3B9DBBE579D3DBF9B4" bold="true" box="[1162,1225,1542,1566]" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">
<typeStatus id="5492FCC8FFD27F3B9DBBE579D3D2F9B4" box="[1162,1216,1542,1566]" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">Type</typeStatus>
:
</emphasis>
—
<collectingCountry id="F33E02FAFFD27F3B9DD5E579D24FF9B7" box="[1252,1373,1542,1565]" name="Jamaica" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">JAMAICA</collectingCountry>
. Blue
</treatmentCitationGroup>
<materialsCitation id="3B414837FFD27F3B99F6E559D572F997" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3131398394" box="[199,608,1574,1598]" collectionCode="P" collectorName="Mts." pageId="23" pageNumber="24" specimenCount="1" typeStatus="holotype">
<collectorName id="26DC27BCFFD27F3B99F6E559D7E8F997" box="[199,250,1574,1597]" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">Mts.</collectorName>
,
<emphasis id="B95D9E78FFD27F3B9835E558D6D8F994" box="[260,458,1575,1598]" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">collector unknown</emphasis>
(
<typeStatus id="5492FCC8FFD27F3B98E9E559D525F997" box="[472,567,1574,1597]" pageId="23" pageNumber="24" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
<collectionCode id="ED38DAAFFFD27F3B9B0CE559D540F997" box="[573,594,1574,1597]" country="France" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15763" name="Museum National d' Histoire Naturelle, Paris (MNHN) - Vascular Plants" pageId="23" pageNumber="24" type="Herbarium">P</collectionCode>
!)
</materialsCitation>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B96426AFFD27F3B99A6E538D35FF9D7" blockId="23.[151,1437,1542,2006]" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">
<treatmentCitationGroup id="AB396544FFD27F3B99A6E538D28FF9F7" box="[151,1437,1606,1630]" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">
<treatmentCitation id="0A88647BFFD27F3B99A6E538D57AF9F7" author="Christ, H." box="[151,616,1606,1630]" page=")" pageId="23" pageNumber="24" year="1906">
<taxonomicName id="4C2939E9FFD27F3B99A6E538D57AF9F7" ID-CoL="3G75H" authority="Christ (1906: 280)" authorityName="Christ" authorityPageNumber="280" authorityYear="1906" box="[151,616,1606,1630]" class="Polypodiopsida" family="Gleicheniaceae" genus="Gleichenia" kingdom="Plantae" order="Gleicheniales" pageId="23" pageNumber="24" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="brevipubis">
<emphasis id="B95D9E78FFD27F3B99A6E538D695F9F4" box="[151,391,1607,1630]" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">Gleichenia brevipubis</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="EFB83F9BFFD27F3B98A5E539D57AF9F7" author="Christ, H." box="[404,616,1606,1629]" pageId="23" pageNumber="24" pagination="279 - 288" refId="ref30561" refString="Christ, H. (1906) Primitiae florae costaricensis. Bulletin de l'Herbier Boissier ser. 2, 6: 279 - 288." type="journal article" year="1906">Christ (1906: 280)</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
</treatmentCitation>
.
<treatmentCitation id="0A88647BFFD27F3B9B49E538D394F9F7" author="Smith, A. R." box="[632,1158,1606,1630]" page=")" pageId="23" pageNumber="24" year="1980">
<taxonomicName id="4C2939E9FFD27F3B9B49E538D394F9F7" ID-CoL="6ZS5N" authority="(Christ) Smith (1980: 27)" authorityName="Smith" authorityPageNumber="27" authorityYear="1980" baseAuthorityName="Christ" box="[632,1158,1606,1630]" class="Polypodiopsida" family="Gleicheniaceae" genus="Sticherus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Gleicheniales" pageId="23" pageNumber="24" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="brevipubis">
<emphasis id="B95D9E78FFD27F3B9B49E538D447F9F4" box="[632,853,1607,1630]" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">Sticherus brevipubis</emphasis>
(Christ)
<bibRefCitation id="EFB83F9BFFD27F3B9AF0E539D394F9F7" author="Smith, A. R." box="[961,1158,1606,1629]" pageId="23" pageNumber="24" pagination="15 - 27" refId="ref33773" refString="Smith, A. R. (1980) New taxa and combinations of pteridophytes from Chiapas, Mexico. American Fern Journal 70: 15 - 27." type="journal article" year="1980">Smith (1980: 27)</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
</treatmentCitation>
.
<emphasis id="B95D9E78FFD27F3B9DA7E539D3C5F9F4" bold="true" box="[1174,1239,1606,1630]" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">
<typeStatus id="5492FCC8FFD27F3B9DA7E539D3DCF9F4" box="[1174,1230,1606,1630]" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">Type</typeStatus>
:
</emphasis>
—
<collectingCountry id="F33E02FAFFD27F3B9DC3E539D28AF9F7" box="[1266,1432,1606,1629]" name="Costa Rica" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">COSTA RICA</collectingCountry>
.
</treatmentCitationGroup>
<emphasis id="B95D9E78FFD27F3B99F6E518D654F9D4" box="[199,326,1639,1662]" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">Wercklé s.n.</emphasis>
(
<materialsCitation id="3B414837FFD27F3B9865E519D35BF9D7" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3131398421" box="[340,1097,1638,1661]" collectionCode="CR" country="United States of America" location="US" pageId="23" pageNumber="24" specimenCount="1" typeStatus="lectotype">
<typeStatus id="5492FCC8FFD27F3B9865E519D6A5F9D7" box="[340,439,1638,1661]" pageId="23" pageNumber="24" type="lectotype">lectotype</typeStatus>
<collectionCode id="ED38DAAFFFD27F3B988FE519D6FBF9D7" box="[446,489,1638,1661]" country="Costa Rica" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15652" name="Museo Nacional de Costa Rica" pageId="23" pageNumber="24" type="Herbarium">CR</collectionCode>
!, designated by
<bibRefCitation id="EFB83F9BFFD27F3B9BA3E519D468F9D7" author="Lellinger, D. B." box="[658,890,1638,1661]" pageId="23" pageNumber="24" pagination="703 - 732" refId="ref32091" refString="Lellinger, D. B. (1977) Nomenclatural and taxonomic notes on the pteridophytes of Costa Rica, Panama, and Colombia, I. Notas taxonomicas y sobre nomenclatura de pteridofitas de Costa Rica, Panama y Colombia, I. Proceedings of the Biological Society of Washington 89: 703 - 732." type="journal article" year="1977">Lellinger (1977: 713)</bibRefCitation>
, isolectotype,
<collectingCountry id="F33E02FAFFD27F3B9D22E519D32FF9D7" box="[1043,1085,1638,1661]" name="United States of America" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">US</collectingCountry>
!)
</materialsCitation>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C33311E1FFD27F3499F7E5F9D67EFC74" lastPageId="24" lastPageNumber="25" pageId="23" pageNumber="24" type="distribution">
<paragraph id="8B96426AFFD27F3B99F7E5F9D4B7F891" blockId="23.[151,1437,1542,2006]" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">
<emphasis id="B95D9E78FFD27F3B99F7E5F9D507F90A" bold="true" box="[198,533,1670,1696]" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">Distribution and ecology:</emphasis>
—A northern Neotropical species, widespread in Mesoamerica and the Caribbean:
<collectingCountry id="F33E02FAFFD27F3B9819E5D2D69BF96D" box="[296,393,1709,1735]" name="Mexico" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">Mexico</collectingCountry>
,
<collectingCountry id="F33E02FAFFD27F3B98A6E5D2D50DF96D" box="[407,543,1709,1735]" name="Guatemala" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">Guatemala</collectingCountry>
,
<collectingCountry id="F33E02FAFFD27F3B9B1CE5D2D56DF96D" box="[557,639,1709,1735]" name="Belize" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">Belize</collectingCountry>
,
<collectingCountry id="F33E02FAFFD27F3B9BBCE5D2D41AF96D" box="[653,776,1709,1735]" name="Honduras" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">Honduras</collectingCountry>
,
<collectingCountry id="F33E02FAFFD27F3B9A27E5D2D4B9F96D" box="[790,939,1709,1735]" name="El Salvador" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">El Salvador</collectingCountry>
,
<collectingCountry id="F33E02FAFFD27F3B9A88E5D2D329F96D" box="[953,1083,1709,1735]" name="Nicaragua" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">Nicaragua</collectingCountry>
,
<collectingCountry id="F33E02FAFFD27F3B9D79E5D2D3C1F96D" box="[1096,1235,1709,1735]" name="Costa Rica" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">Costa Rica</collectingCountry>
,
<collectingCountry id="F33E02FAFFD27F3B9DD0E5D2D257F96D" box="[1249,1349,1709,1735]" name="Panama" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">Panama</collectingCountry>
,
<collectingCountry id="F33E02FAFFD27F3B9C65E5D2D285F96D" box="[1364,1431,1709,1735]" name="Cuba" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">Cuba</collectingCountry>
,
<collectingCountry id="F33E02FAFFD27F3B99A6E5ABD7ECF944" box="[151,254,1748,1774]" name="Jamaica" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">Jamaica</collectingCountry>
,
<collectingCountry id="F33E02FAFFD27F3B983CE5ABD65DF944" box="[269,335,1748,1774]" name="Haiti" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">Haiti</collectingCountry>
,
<collectingCountry id="F33E02FAFFD27F3B986CE5ABD577F944" box="[349,613,1748,1774]" name="Dominican Republic" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">Dominican Republic</collectingCountry>
,
<collectingCountry id="F33E02FAFFD27F3B9B42E5ABD41FF944" box="[627,781,1748,1774]" name="Puerto Rico" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">Puerto Rico</collectingCountry>
, Guadeloupe,
<collectingCountry id="F33E02FAFFD27F3B9AF2E5ABD353F944" box="[963,1089,1748,1774]" name="Dominica" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">Dominica</collectingCountry>
, Martinique,
<collectingCountry id="F33E02FAFFD27F3B9DDDE5ABD273F944" box="[1260,1377,1748,1774]" name="Saint Lucia" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">St. Lucia</collectingCountry>
, and northern
<collectingCountry id="F33E02FAFFD27F3B9834E585D66DF8BE" box="[261,383,1786,1812]" name="Colombia" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">Colombia</collectingCountry>
. Generally rather uncommon but it is locally abundant in montane forests, often along roadsides, forming large uniform colonies, at (360–)
<quantity id="4CD1EF8FFFD27F3B9BC8E45ED4B3F891" box="[761,929,1825,1851]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.7" metricValueMax="2.0" metricValueMin="1.4" pageId="23" pageNumber="24" unit="m" value="1700.0" valueMax="2000.0" valueMin="1400.0">1400–2000 m</quantity>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B96426AFFD27F3499F7E438D417FEE6" blockId="23.[151,1437,1542,2006]" lastBlockId="24.[151,1436,152,990]" lastPageId="24" lastPageNumber="25" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">
<emphasis id="B95D9E78FFD27F3B99F7E438D607F8CB" bold="true" box="[198,277,1863,1889]" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">Notes:</emphasis>
—This is a problematic species that was treated as
<taxonomicName id="4C2939E9FFD27F3B9A56E437D4ECF8CB" authorityName="Smith" authorityYear="1980" baseAuthorityName="Christ" box="[871,1022,1864,1889]" class="Polypodiopsida" family="Gleicheniaceae" genus="Sticherus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Gleicheniales" pageId="23" pageNumber="24" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="brevipubis">
<emphasis id="B95D9E78FFD27F3B9A56E437D4ECF8CB" box="[871,1022,1864,1889]" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">S. brevipubis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
by
<bibRefCitation id="EFB83F9BFFD27F3B9D19E437D3DAF8C8" author="Stolze, R. G." box="[1064,1224,1864,1890]" pageId="23" pageNumber="24" pagination="1 - 98" refId="ref34129" refString="Stolze, R. G. (1976) Ferns and ferns allies of Guatemala. Part I. Ophioglossaceae through Cyatheaceae. Fieldiana, Bot. n. s. 37: 1 - 98." type="book chapter" year="1976">Stolze (1976)</bibRefCitation>
,
<bibRefCitation id="EFB83F9BFFD27F3B9DE5E437D285F8C8" author="Lellinger, D. B." box="[1236,1431,1864,1890]" pageId="23" pageNumber="24" pagination="1 - 364" refId="ref32175" refString="Lellinger, D. B. (1989) The fern and fern allies of Costa Rica, Panama and Choco (Part I: Psilotaceae through Dicksoniaceae). Pteridologia 2 A: 1 - 364." type="journal article" year="1989">Lellinger (1989)</bibRefCitation>
,
<bibRefCitation id="EFB83F9BFFD27F3B99A6E411D62CF822" author="Moran, R. C." box="[151,318,1902,1928]" pageId="23" pageNumber="24" pagination="58 - 62" refId="ref32900" refString="Moran, R. C. (1995) Gleicheniaceae. In Davidse, G., M. Sousa S. &amp; Knapp, S. (eds.), Flora Mesoamericana, pp. 58 - 62, Vol. 1: Psilotaceae a Salviniaceae, Universidad Nacional Autonoma de Mexico, Missouri Botanical Garden &amp; The Natural History Museum, London." type="book chapter" year="1995">Moran (1995)</bibRefCitation>
, and
<bibRefCitation id="EFB83F9BFFD27F3B984FE411D58BF822" author="Mickel, J. T. &amp; Smith, A. R." box="[382,665,1902,1928]" pageId="23" pageNumber="24" pagination="1 - 1054" refId="ref32849" refString="Mickel, J. T. &amp; Smith, A. R. (2004) The pteridophytes of Mexico. Memoirs of the New York Botanical Garden 88: 1 - 1054." type="journal article" year="2004">Mickel &amp; Smith (2004)</bibRefCitation>
.
<taxonomicName id="4C2939E9FFD27F3B9B94E410D472F822" authorityName="Ching" authorityYear="1940" baseAuthorityName="Desv." box="[677,864,1903,1928]" class="Polypodiopsida" family="Gleicheniaceae" genus="Sticherus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Gleicheniales" pageId="23" pageNumber="24" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="fulvus">
<emphasis id="B95D9E78FFD27F3B9B94E410D472F822" box="[677,864,1903,1928]" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">Sticherus fulvus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is closely related and quite similar to
<taxonomicName id="4C2939E9FFD27F3B9C17E410D287F822" authorityName="Ching" authorityYear="1940" baseAuthorityName="Willd." box="[1318,1429,1903,1928]" class="Polypodiopsida" family="Gleicheniaceae" genus="Sticherus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Gleicheniales" pageId="23" pageNumber="24" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="bifidus">
<emphasis id="B95D9E78FFD27F3B9C17E410D287F822" box="[1318,1429,1903,1928]" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">S. bifidus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, but is recognized by having reduced, rounded to winglike, distinct proximal internal segments, and by its dark or bicolorous, partly darkened buds, branch, and midvein scales. In comparison to
<taxonomicName id="4C2939E9FFD27F3B9D6DE4C3D3DBF87F" authorityName="Ching" authorityYear="1940" baseAuthorityName="Willd." box="[1116,1225,1980,2005]" class="Polypodiopsida" family="Gleicheniaceae" genus="Sticherus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Gleicheniales" pageId="23" pageNumber="24" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="bifidus">
<emphasis id="B95D9E78FFD27F3B9D6DE4C3D3DBF87F" box="[1116,1225,1980,2005]" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">S. bifidus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, in
<taxonomicName id="4C2939E9FFD27F3B9DC4E4C3D24BF87F" authorityName="Ching" authorityYear="1940" baseAuthorityName="Desv." box="[1269,1369,1980,2005]" class="Polypodiopsida" family="Gleicheniaceae" genus="Sticherus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Gleicheniales" pageId="23" pageNumber="24" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="fulvus">
<emphasis id="B95D9E78FFD27F3B9DC4E4C3D24BF87F" box="[1269,1369,1980,2005]" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">S. fulvus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
these scales are fairly short, but with relatively larger cells, resulting in fewer cell rows across the scale bases (&lt;15 cells
<emphasis id="B95D9E78FFDD7F3499ECE3C0D7E5FF72" box="[221,247,191,216]" italics="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">vs</emphasis>
. 15–25 cells in
<taxonomicName id="4C2939E9FFDD7F3498FCE3C0D555FF72" authorityName="Ching" authorityYear="1940" baseAuthorityName="Willd." box="[461,583,191,216]" class="Polypodiopsida" family="Gleicheniaceae" genus="Sticherus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Gleicheniales" pageId="24" pageNumber="25" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="bifidus">
<emphasis id="B95D9E78FFDD7F3498FCE3C0D555FF72" box="[461,583,191,216]" italics="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">S. bifidus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
). The marginal cilia on the bud scales of
<taxonomicName id="4C2939E9FFDD7F349D43E3C0D3F3FF72" authorityName="Ching" authorityYear="1940" baseAuthorityName="Desv." box="[1138,1249,191,216]" class="Polypodiopsida" family="Gleicheniaceae" genus="Sticherus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Gleicheniales" pageId="24" pageNumber="25" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="fulvus">
<emphasis id="B95D9E78FFDD7F349D43E3C0D3F3FF72" box="[1138,1249,191,216]" italics="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">S. fulvus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
are also quite characteristic. They are denser and more twisted than those of
<taxonomicName id="4C2939E9FFDD7F349A41E39AD4CFFF54" authorityName="Ching" authorityYear="1940" baseAuthorityName="Willd." box="[880,989,229,254]" class="Polypodiopsida" family="Gleicheniaceae" genus="Sticherus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Gleicheniales" pageId="24" pageNumber="25" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="bifidus">
<emphasis id="B95D9E78FFDD7F349A41E39AD4CFFF54" box="[880,989,229,254]" italics="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">S. bifidus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, which has more delicate cilia. On the darkened scale parts of
<taxonomicName id="4C2939E9FFDD7F349881E273D506FE8F" authorityName="Ching" authorityYear="1940" baseAuthorityName="Desv." box="[432,532,268,293]" class="Polypodiopsida" family="Gleicheniaceae" genus="Sticherus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Gleicheniales" pageId="24" pageNumber="25" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="fulvus">
<emphasis id="B95D9E78FFDD7F349881E273D506FE8F" box="[432,532,268,293]" italics="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">S. fulvus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
the cilia are replaced by much shorter, stouter setulae, whereas in
<taxonomicName id="4C2939E9FFDD7F349C1CE273D28EFE8F" authorityName="Ching" authorityYear="1940" baseAuthorityName="Willd." box="[1325,1436,268,293]" class="Polypodiopsida" family="Gleicheniaceae" genus="Sticherus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Gleicheniales" pageId="24" pageNumber="25" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="bifidus">
<emphasis id="B95D9E78FFDD7F349C1CE273D28EFE8F" box="[1325,1436,268,293]" italics="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">S. bifidus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and
<taxonomicName id="4C2939E9FFDD7F3499F9E24DD67FFEE1" authorityName="J. Gonzales" authorityYear="2011" baseAuthorityName="Desv." box="[200,365,306,331]" class="Polypodiopsida" family="Gleicheniaceae" genus="Sticherus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Gleicheniales" pageId="24" pageNumber="25" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="ferrugineus">
<emphasis id="B95D9E78FFDD7F3499F9E24DD67FFEE1" box="[200,365,306,331]" italics="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">S. ferrugineus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
such darkened setulae are lacking.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B96426AFFDD7F3499F7E226D373FDF1" blockId="24.[151,1436,152,990]" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">
The morphology of the arachnoid scales on the abaxial segment surfaces further shows differences between
<taxonomicName id="4C2939E9FFDD7F349837E2FFD67DFE33" authorityName="Ching" authorityYear="1940" baseAuthorityName="Desv." box="[262,367,384,409]" class="Polypodiopsida" family="Gleicheniaceae" genus="Sticherus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Gleicheniales" pageId="24" pageNumber="25" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="fulvus">
<emphasis id="B95D9E78FFDD7F349837E2FFD67DFE33" box="[262,367,384,409]" italics="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">S. fulvus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and the relative closely related species,
<taxonomicName id="4C2939E9FFDD7F349A58E2FFD4CFFE33" authorityName="Ching" authorityYear="1940" baseAuthorityName="Willd." box="[873,989,384,409]" class="Polypodiopsida" family="Gleicheniaceae" genus="Sticherus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Gleicheniales" pageId="24" pageNumber="25" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="bifidus">
<emphasis id="B95D9E78FFDD7F349A58E2FFD4CFFE33" box="[873,989,384,409]" italics="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">S. bifidus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="4C2939E9FFDD7F349ADFE2FFD389FE33" authorityName="J. Gonzales" authorityYear="2011" baseAuthorityName="Desv." box="[1006,1179,384,409]" class="Polypodiopsida" family="Gleicheniaceae" genus="Sticherus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Gleicheniales" pageId="24" pageNumber="25" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="ferrugineus">
<emphasis id="B95D9E78FFDD7F349ADFE2FFD389FE33" box="[1006,1179,384,409]" italics="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">S. ferrugineus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="4C2939E9FFDD7F349D9CE2FFD266FE33" authorityName="Ostergaard &amp; Ollgaard" authorityYear="2001" box="[1197,1396,384,409]" class="Polypodiopsida" family="Gleicheniaceae" genus="Sticherus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Gleicheniales" pageId="24" pageNumber="25" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="arachnoideus">
<emphasis id="B95D9E78FFDD7F349D9CE2FFD266FE33" box="[1197,1396,384,409]" italics="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">S. arachnoideus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="4C2939E9FFDD7F349CB4E2FFD631FE6A" authorityName="Ostergaard &amp; Ollgaard" authorityYear="2001" class="Polypodiopsida" family="Gleicheniaceae" genus="Sticherus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Gleicheniales" pageId="24" pageNumber="25" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="aurantiacus">
<emphasis id="B95D9E78FFDD7F349CB4E2FFD631FE6A" italics="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">S. aurantiacus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, and
<taxonomicName id="4C2939E9FFDD7F349852E2D8D52DFE6A" authorityName="Ostergaard &amp; Ollgaard" authorityYear="2001" box="[355,575,423,448]" class="Polypodiopsida" family="Gleicheniaceae" genus="Sticherus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Gleicheniales" pageId="24" pageNumber="25" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="brevitomentosus">
<emphasis id="B95D9E78FFDD7F349852E2D8D52DFE6A" box="[355,575,423,448]" italics="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">S. brevitomentosus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
. The arachnoid scales of
<taxonomicName id="4C2939E9FFDD7F349A5AE2D8D4DCFE6A" authorityName="Ching" authorityYear="1940" baseAuthorityName="Desv." box="[875,974,423,448]" class="Polypodiopsida" family="Gleicheniaceae" genus="Sticherus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Gleicheniales" pageId="24" pageNumber="25" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="fulvus">
<emphasis id="B95D9E78FFDD7F349A5AE2D8D4DCFE6A" box="[875,974,423,448]" italics="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">S. fulvus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
are shorter and more closely appressed to the segment surfaces than in the other taxa. As a result, the surface scales contrast, at a first glance, with the larger, more spreading scales on the midveins. This is not apparent in the other species. The arachnoid scales of
<taxonomicName id="4C2939E9FFDD7F349987E165D60BFD99" authorityName="Ching" authorityYear="1940" baseAuthorityName="Desv." box="[182,281,538,563]" class="Polypodiopsida" family="Gleicheniaceae" genus="Sticherus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Gleicheniales" pageId="24" pageNumber="25" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="fulvus">
<emphasis id="B95D9E78FFDD7F349987E165D60BFD99" box="[182,281,538,563]" italics="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">S. fulvus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
are orangish in color (as indicated by the name), as also seen in
<taxonomicName id="4C2939E9FFDD7F349D39E165D3BEFD99" authorityName="J. Gonzales" authorityYear="2011" baseAuthorityName="Desv." box="[1032,1196,538,563]" class="Polypodiopsida" family="Gleicheniaceae" genus="Sticherus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Gleicheniales" pageId="24" pageNumber="25" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="ferrugineus">
<emphasis id="B95D9E78FFDD7F349D39E165D3BEFD99" box="[1032,1196,538,563]" italics="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">S. ferrugineus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="4C2939E9FFDD7F349D8BE165D271FD99" authorityName="Ostergaard &amp; Ollgaard" authorityYear="2001" box="[1210,1379,538,563]" class="Polypodiopsida" family="Gleicheniaceae" genus="Sticherus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Gleicheniales" pageId="24" pageNumber="25" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="aurantiacus">
<emphasis id="B95D9E78FFDD7F349D8BE165D271FD99" box="[1210,1379,538,563]" italics="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">S. aurantiacus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, and
<taxonomicName id="4C2939E9FFDD7F3499A6E13ED661FDF0" authorityName="Ostergaard &amp; Ollgaard" authorityYear="2001" box="[151,371,577,602]" class="Polypodiopsida" family="Gleicheniaceae" genus="Sticherus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Gleicheniales" pageId="24" pageNumber="25" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="brevitomentosus">
<emphasis id="B95D9E78FFDD7F3499A6E13ED661FDF0" box="[151,371,577,602]" italics="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">S. brevitomentosus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
. In contrast.
<taxonomicName id="4C2939E9FFDD7F349B3CE13ED56BFDF0" authorityName="Ching" authorityYear="1940" baseAuthorityName="Willd." box="[525,633,577,602]" class="Polypodiopsida" family="Gleicheniaceae" genus="Sticherus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Gleicheniales" pageId="24" pageNumber="25" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="bifidus">
<emphasis id="B95D9E78FFDD7F349B3CE13ED56BFDF0" box="[525,633,577,602]" italics="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">S. bifidus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and
<taxonomicName id="4C2939E9FFDD7F349B82E13ED47DFDF0" authorityName="Ostergaard &amp; Ollgaard" authorityYear="2001" box="[691,879,577,602]" class="Polypodiopsida" family="Gleicheniaceae" genus="Sticherus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Gleicheniales" pageId="24" pageNumber="25" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="arachnoideus">
<emphasis id="B95D9E78FFDD7F349B82E13ED47DFDF0" box="[691,879,577,602]" italics="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">S. arachnoideus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
have whitish scales.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B96426AFFDD7F3499F7E117D3BBFD5C" blockId="24.[151,1436,152,990]" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">
The pattern of darkening of the bud scales is geographically variable in
<taxonomicName id="4C2939E9FFDD7F349D1FE117D28AFD28" authority="(Stolze 1976)" baseAuthorityName="Stolze" baseAuthorityYear="1976" box="[1070,1432,616,642]" class="Polypodiopsida" family="Gleicheniaceae" genus="Sticherus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Gleicheniales" pageId="24" pageNumber="25" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="fulvus">
<emphasis id="B95D9E78FFDD7F349D1FE117D3F8FD2B" box="[1070,1258,616,641]" italics="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">Sticherus fulvus</emphasis>
(
<bibRefCitation id="EFB83F9BFFDD7F349DCDE117D29DFD28" author="Stolze, R. G." box="[1276,1423,616,642]" pageId="24" pageNumber="25" pagination="1 - 98" refId="ref34129" refString="Stolze, R. G. (1976) Ferns and ferns allies of Guatemala. Part I. Ophioglossaceae through Cyatheaceae. Fieldiana, Bot. n. s. 37: 1 - 98." type="book chapter" year="1976">Stolze 1976</bibRefCitation>
)
</taxonomicName>
. Populations in Mexico and
<collectingCountry id="F33E02FAFFDD7F3498D4E1F1D57BFD02" box="[485,617,654,680]" name="Costa Rica" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">Costa Rica</collectingCountry>
usually show an apical darkening with distinct dark distal and pale proximal scale portions, whereas populations in
<collectingCountry id="F33E02FAFFDD7F349BE0E1CAD45DFD65" box="[721,847,693,719]" name="Guatemala" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">Guatemala</collectingCountry>
and the Caribbean islands show a mosaic pattern, with dark cells scattered over the scale surfaces, giving the scales a speckled appearance.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B96426AFFDD7F3499F7E07DD3CCFCE9" blockId="24.[151,1436,152,990]" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">
In South America,
<taxonomicName id="4C2939E9FFDD7F34989AE07DD575FCB1" baseAuthorityName="Stolze" baseAuthorityYear="1976" box="[427,615,770,795]" class="Polypodiopsida" family="Gleicheniaceae" genus="Sticherus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Gleicheniales" pageId="24" pageNumber="25" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="fulvus">
<emphasis id="B95D9E78FFDD7F34989AE07DD575FCB1" box="[427,615,770,795]" italics="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">Sticherus fulvus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is generally replaced by
<taxonomicName id="4C2939E9FFDD7F349AA6E07DD367FCB1" authorityName="Ostergaard &amp; Ollgaard" authorityYear="2001" box="[919,1141,770,795]" class="Polypodiopsida" family="Gleicheniaceae" genus="Sticherus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Gleicheniales" pageId="24" pageNumber="25" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="brevitomentosus">
<emphasis id="B95D9E78FFDD7F349AA6E07DD367FCB1" box="[919,1141,770,795]" italics="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">S. brevitomentosus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, which differs in having translucent margins on the rigid bud scales and often is lacking segments on the 1st branches.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B96426AFFDD7F3499F7E02FD67EFC74" blockId="24.[151,1436,152,990]" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">
One specimen from
<collectingCountry id="F33E02FAFFDD7F349882E02FD521FCC0" box="[435,563,848,874]" name="Costa Rica" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">Costa Rica</collectingCountry>
(
<collectingRegion id="49ED8C88FFDD7F349B73E02FD5B7FCC0" box="[578,677,848,874]" country="Costa Rica" name="Cartago" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">Cartago</collectingRegion>
: Río Grande de Orosí,
<quantity id="4CD1EF8FFFDD7F349A9EE02FD341FCC0" box="[943,1107,848,874]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.6" metricValueMax="1.7" metricValueMin="1.5" pageId="24" pageNumber="25" unit="m" value="1600.0" valueMax="1700.0" valueMin="1500.0">1500–1700 m</quantity>
,
<date id="FF9764AAFFDD7F349D6FE02FD222FCC0" box="[1118,1328,848,874]" pageId="24" pageNumber="25" value="1985-02-10">10 February 1985</date>
,
<emphasis id="B95D9E78FFDD7F349C0DE02FD7CEFC3A" italics="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">Grayum 5103,</emphasis>
MO) appears to be a hybrid between
<taxonomicName id="4C2939E9FFDD7F349B86E008D430FC3A" baseAuthorityName="Stolze" baseAuthorityYear="1976" box="[695,802,887,912]" class="Polypodiopsida" family="Gleicheniaceae" genus="Sticherus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Gleicheniales" pageId="24" pageNumber="25" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="fulvus">
<emphasis id="B95D9E78FFDD7F349B86E008D430FC3A" box="[695,802,887,912]" italics="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">S. fulvus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and
<taxonomicName id="4C2939E9FFDD7F349A51E008D317FC3A" authorityName="Copeland" authorityYear="1947" baseAuthorityName="J. Bommer ex Christ" box="[864,1029,887,912]" class="Polypodiopsida" family="Gleicheniaceae" genus="Sticherus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Gleicheniales" pageId="24" pageNumber="25" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="retroflexus">
<emphasis id="B95D9E78FFDD7F349A51E008D317FC3A" box="[864,1029,887,912]" italics="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">S. retroflexus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
. It has slender rhizomes, brittle, glabrous, slightly flexuous branches, linear to hastulate, remotely pectinate segments, and auricular proximal internal segments.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>
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