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<document ID-DOI="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.723.21545" ID-GBIF-Dataset="cd2cf861-0325-4bbc-9131-8ae4252e593b" ID-Pensoft-Pub="1313-2970-723-121" ID-ZBK="925CD37F313C42D08A1425F6720ABC3C" ModsDocAuthor="" ModsDocDate="2017" ModsDocID="1313-2970-723-121" ModsDocOrigin="ZooKeys 723" ModsDocTitle="The genus Gallerucida Motschulsky in Taiwan (Insecta, Coleoptera, Chrysomelidae, Galerucinae)" checkinTime="1513622319708" checkinUser="pensoft" docAuthor="Lee, Chi-Feng" docDate="2017" docId="539D0A12AF166E476BDB20391CBCAE96" docLanguage="en" docName="ZooKeys 723: 121-151" docOrigin="ZooKeys 723" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.723.21545" docTitle="Gallerucida flaviventris" docType="treatment" docVersion="4" lastPageNumber="133" masterDocId="FFEC3D73FFD1C540FFC6EB65014ED850" masterDocTitle="The genus Gallerucida Motschulsky in Taiwan (Insecta, Coleoptera, Chrysomelidae, Galerucinae)" masterLastPageNumber="151" masterPageNumber="121" pageNumber="129" updateTime="1643486575500" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
<mods:mods xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
<mods:titleInfo>
<mods:title>The genus Gallerucida Motschulsky in Taiwan (Insecta, Coleoptera, Chrysomelidae, Galerucinae)</mods:title>
</mods:titleInfo>
<mods:name type="personal">
<mods:role>
<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart>Lee, Chi-Feng</mods:namePart>
</mods:name>
<mods:typeOfResource>text</mods:typeOfResource>
<mods:relatedItem type="host">
<mods:titleInfo>
<mods:title>ZooKeys</mods:title>
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<mods:part>
<mods:date>2017</mods:date>
<mods:detail type="volume">
<mods:number>723</mods:number>
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<mods:extent unit="page">
<mods:start>121</mods:start>
<mods:end>151</mods:end>
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<mods:url>http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.723.21545</mods:url>
</mods:location>
<mods:classification>journal article</mods:classification>
<mods:identifier type="DOI">http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.723.21545</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier type="Pensoft-Pub">1313-2970-723-121</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier type="ZBK">925CD37F313C42D08A1425F6720ABC3C</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier type="ZooBank">925CD37F313C42D08A1425F6720ABC3C</mods:identifier>
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<treatment ID-GBIF-Taxon="139337011" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:539D0A12AF166E476BDB20391CBCAE96" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/539D0A12AF166E476BDB20391CBCAE96" lastPageId="12" lastPageNumber="133" pageId="8" pageNumber="129">
<subSubSection pageId="8" pageNumber="129" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph pageId="8" pageNumber="129">
<taxonomicName authority="Baly" class="Insecta" family="Chrysomelidae" genus="Gallerucida" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Gallerucida flaviventris" order="Coleoptera" pageId="8" pageNumber="129" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="flaviventris">Gallerucida flaviventris (Baly)</taxonomicName>
Figs 4
<normalizedToken originalValue="AC">A-C</normalizedToken>
, 5
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="9" pageNumber="130" type="reference_group">
<paragraph pageId="9" pageNumber="130">
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Chrysomelidae" genus="Eustetha" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Eustetha flaviventris" order="Coleoptera" pageId="9" pageNumber="130" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="flaviventris">
<pageBreakToken pageId="9" pageNumber="130" start="start">Eustetha</pageBreakToken>
flaviventris
</taxonomicName>
Baly, 1861: 296.
</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="9" pageNumber="130">
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Chrysomelidae" genus="Galerucida" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Galerucida" order="Coleoptera" pageId="9" pageNumber="130" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Galerucida</taxonomicName>
[sic!] (
<taxonomicName higherTaxonomySource="treatment-meta" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="(Eusthetha)" pageId="9" pageNumber="130" rank="subGenus" subGenus="Eusthetha">Eusthetha</taxonomicName>
)
<taxonomicName higherTaxonomySource="treatment-meta" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="flaviventris" pageId="9" pageNumber="130" rank="species" species="flaviventris">flaviventris</taxonomicName>
:
<bibRefCitation author="Weise, J" journalOrPublisher="Junk, Berlin" pageId="28" pageNumber="149" title="Pars 78: Chrysomelidae: 13. Galerucinae. In: Schenkling S (Ed.) Coleopterorum Catalogus. W." year="1924">Weise 1924</bibRefCitation>
: 142 (catalogue).
</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="9" pageNumber="130">
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Chrysomelidae" genus="Galerucida" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Galerucida" order="Coleoptera" pageId="9" pageNumber="130" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Galerucida</taxonomicName>
[sic!]
<taxonomicName higherTaxonomySource="treatment-meta" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="flaviventris" pageId="9" pageNumber="130" rank="species" species="flaviventris">flaviventris</taxonomicName>
:
<bibRefCitation author="Ogloblin, DA" journalOrPublisher="Moskva-Leningrad, Izdatel'stvo Akademii Nauk SSSR" pageId="28" pageNumber="149" title="Listoedy, Galerucinae. Fauna SSSR. Nasekomye Zhestkokrylye, n. s. 8 (1)." year="1936">Ogloblin 1936</bibRefCitation>
: 365 (redescription).
</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="9" pageNumber="130">
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Chrysomelidae" genus="Gallerucida" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Gallerucida flaviventris" order="Coleoptera" pageId="9" pageNumber="130" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="flaviventris">Gallerucida flaviventris</taxonomicName>
:
<bibRefCitation pageId="9" pageNumber="130">Gressitt and Kimoto 1963</bibRefCitation>
: 723 (China: Anhui, Jiangsu, Jiangxi, Sichuan, Zhejiang);
<bibRefCitation author="Kimoto, S" journalOrPublisher="Esakia" pageId="27" pageNumber="148" pagination="1 - 68" title="Motes on the Chrysomelidae from Taiwan II." volume="7" year="1969">Kimoto 1969</bibRefCitation>
: 68 (Taiwan);
<bibRefCitation pageId="9" pageNumber="130">Wilcox 1971</bibRefCitation>
: 203 (catalogue);
<bibRefCitation author="Kimoto, S" journalOrPublisher="Kurume University Journal" pageId="27" pageNumber="148" pagination="237 - 272" title="The Taiwanese Chrysomelidae (Insecta: Coleoptera) collected by Dr. Kintaro Baba, on the occasion of his entomological survey in 1983 and 1986." volume="38" year="1989">Kimoto 1989</bibRefCitation>
: 260 (Taiwan);
<bibRefCitation author="Kimoto, S" journalOrPublisher="Kurume University Journal" pageId="27" pageNumber="148" pagination="1 - 27" title="The Taiwanese Chrysomelidae (Insecta: Coleoptera) collected by Dr. Kintaro Baba, on the occasion of his entomological survey in 1987, 1988 and 1989." volume="40" year="1991">Kimoto 1991</bibRefCitation>
: 17 (Taiwan);
<bibRefCitation pageId="9" pageNumber="130">Kimoto and Chu 1996</bibRefCitation>
: 91 (catalogue);
<bibRefCitation author="Kimoto, S" journalOrPublisher="Tokai University Press, Tokyo" pageId="27" pageNumber="148" title="Leaf beetles (Chrysomelidae) of Taiwan." year="1997">Kimoto and Takizawa 1997</bibRefCitation>
: 392 (catalogue);
<bibRefCitation pageId="9" pageNumber="130">Beenen 2010</bibRefCitation>
: 459 (catalogue);
<bibRefCitation author="Yang, X-K" journalOrPublisher="Science Press, Beijing" pageId="28" pageNumber="149" title="Chinese leaf beetles." year="2015">Yang et al. 2015</bibRefCitation>
: 172 (catalogue);
<bibRefCitation author="Lee, C-F" journalOrPublisher="Sishou-Hills Insect Observation Network, New Taipei City" pageId="28" pageNumber="149" title="The Chrysomelidae of Taiwan 3." year="2016">Lee et al. 2016</bibRefCitation>
: 96 (biology).
</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="9" pageNumber="130">
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Chrysomelidae" genus="Sphenoraia" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Sphenoraia chujoi" order="Coleoptera" pageId="9" pageNumber="130" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="chujoi">Sphenoraia chujoi</taxonomicName>
Lee, 2014: 143. syn. n.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="9" pageNumber="130" type="type material">
<paragraph pageId="9" pageNumber="130">Type material.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="9" pageNumber="130">
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Chrysomelidae" genus="Eustetha" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Eustetha flaviventris" order="Coleoptera" pageId="9" pageNumber="130" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="flaviventris">Eustetha flaviventris</taxonomicName>
. Lectotype ♀ (BMNH), here designated, labeled: &quot;Type [p, w, circular label with red border] // Baly Coll. [p, w] // Eustetha / flaviventris / Baly / N. China [h, g]&quot;. Number of paralectotypes is uncertain.
</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="9" pageNumber="130">
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Chrysomelidae" genus="Sphenoraia" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Sphenoraia chujoi" order="Coleoptera" pageId="9" pageNumber="130" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="chujoi">Sphenoraia chujoi</taxonomicName>
. Holotype ♂ (TARI):
<normalizedToken originalValue="“Sôzan">&quot;Sozan</normalizedToken>
[h] [= Yangmingshan,
<normalizedToken originalValue="陽明山">陽明山</normalizedToken>
] / FORMOSA [p] / 25.X.1936 [h] / COL. M. CHUJO[p, w] // Holotypus / Sphenoraia chujoi / Lee, sp. nov. / det. C.-F. Lee, 2014 [p, r]&quot;. Paratypes: 3♀♀ (TARI):
<normalizedToken originalValue="“Sôzan">&quot;Sozan</normalizedToken>
[h] / FORMOSA [p] / 25.X.1936 [h] / COL. M. CHUJO[p, w] // Paratypus / Sphenoraia chujoi / Lee, sp. nov. / det. C.-F. Lee, 2014 [p, pink label]&quot;
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="9" pageNumber="130" type="diagnosis">
<paragraph pageId="9" pageNumber="130">Diagnosis.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="9" pageNumber="130">
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Chrysomelidae" genus="Gallerucida" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Gallerucida flaviventris" order="Coleoptera" pageId="9" pageNumber="130" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="flaviventris">Gallerucida flaviventris</taxonomicName>
adults are similar to those of
<taxonomicName genus="G." lsidName="G. shirozui" pageId="9" pageNumber="130" rank="species" species="shirozui">G. shirozui</taxonomicName>
<normalizedToken originalValue="Chûjô">Chujo</normalizedToken>
and
<taxonomicName genus="G." lsidName="G. thoracica" pageId="9" pageNumber="130" rank="species" species="thoracica">G. thoracica</taxonomicName>
Jacoby in possessing metallic elytra, but are easily recognized by their metallic pronota (yellow brown pronota with black spots in other species).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="9" pageNumber="130" type="redescription">
<paragraph pageId="9" pageNumber="130">Redescription.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="9" pageNumber="130">
See description of
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Chrysomelidae" genus="Sphenoraia" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Sphenoraia chujoi" order="Coleoptera" pageId="9" pageNumber="130" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="chujoi">Sphenoraia chujoi</taxonomicName>
<bibRefCitation author="Lee, C-F" journalOrPublisher="The Coleopterist Bulletin" pageId="27" pageNumber="148" pagination="143 - 151" title="The genus Sphenoraia Clark, 1865 (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae: Galerucinae) in Taiwan, with description of a new species." url="https://doi.org/10.1649/0010-065X-68.1.143" volume="68" year="2014">Lee (2014)</bibRefCitation>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="9" pageNumber="130" type="variation">
<paragraph pageId="9" pageNumber="130">Variation.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="9" pageNumber="130">Specimens from China are uniformly metallic blue (Fig. 4C) but those from Taiwan are metallic green, bronze, or purple (Figs 4A, B, 5E, F).</paragraph>
<caption pageId="9" pageNumber="130">
<paragraph pageId="9" pageNumber="130">
Figures 4. Habitus of
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Chrysomelidae" genus="Gallerucida" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Gallerucida" order="Coleoptera" pageId="9" pageNumber="130" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Gallerucida</taxonomicName>
species. A
<taxonomicName genus="G." lsidName="G. flaviventris" pageId="9" pageNumber="130" rank="species" species="flaviventris">G. flaviventris</taxonomicName>
(Baly), male from Taiwan, dorsal view B Ditto, ventral view C
<taxonomicName genus="G." lsidName="G. flaviventris" pageId="9" pageNumber="130" rank="species" species="flaviventris">G. flaviventris</taxonomicName>
(Baly), female from China, dorsal view D
<taxonomicName genus="G." lsidName="G. singularis" pageId="9" pageNumber="130" rank="species" species="singularis">G. singularis</taxonomicName>
Harold, male, dorsal view E Ditto, ventral view F
<taxonomicName genus="G." lsidName="G. singularis" pageId="9" pageNumber="130" rank="species" species="singularis">G. singularis</taxonomicName>
Harold, female, dorsal view G
<taxonomicName genus="G." lsidName="G. singularis" pageId="9" pageNumber="130" rank="species" species="singularis">G. singularis</taxonomicName>
Harold, posterior view H
<taxonomicName genus="G." lsidName="G. gebieni" pageId="9" pageNumber="130" rank="species" species="gebieni">G. gebieni</taxonomicName>
Weise, posterior view.
</paragraph>
</caption>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="9" pageNumber="130" type="host">
<paragraph pageId="9" pageNumber="130">Host plants.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="9" pageNumber="130">
<taxonomicName family="Polygonaceae" lsidName="" pageId="9" pageNumber="130" rank="family">Polygonaceae</taxonomicName>
:
<taxonomicName authority="Docuce" class="Liliopsida" family="Asparagaceae" genus="Polygonatum" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" infraspecific-rank="var." kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Polygonatum odoratum var. pluriflorum" order="Asparagales" pageId="9" pageNumber="130" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="variety" species="odoratum" variety="pluriflorum">Polygonatum odoratum Docuce var. pluriflorum</taxonomicName>
Ohwi (
<bibRefCitation author="Yu, P" journalOrPublisher="Science Press, Beijing" pageId="28" pageNumber="149" title="Economic Insect Fauna of China. Fasc. 54. Coleoptera: Chrysomeloidea (II)." year="1996">Yu et al. 1996</bibRefCitation>
);
<taxonomicName family="Vitaceae" lsidName="" pageId="9" pageNumber="130" rank="family">Vitaceae</taxonomicName>
:
<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Vitaceae" genus="Cayratia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Cayratia" order="Vitales" pageId="9" pageNumber="130" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">Cayratia</taxonomicName>
sp. (
<bibRefCitation author="Yu, P" journalOrPublisher="Science Press, Beijing" pageId="28" pageNumber="149" title="Economic Insect Fauna of China. Fasc. 54. Coleoptera: Chrysomeloidea (II)." year="1996">Yu et al. 1996</bibRefCitation>
);
<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Vitaceae" genus="Parthenocissus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Parthenocissus tricuspidata" order="Vitales" pageId="9" pageNumber="130" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="tricuspidata">Parthenocissus tricuspidata</taxonomicName>
(Sieb. &amp; Zucc.) Planch. (
<bibRefCitation author="Lee, C-F" journalOrPublisher="Sishou-Hills Insect Observation Network, New Taipei City" pageId="28" pageNumber="149" title="The Chrysomelidae of Taiwan 3." year="2016">Lee et al. 2016</bibRefCitation>
).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection lastPageId="10" lastPageNumber="131" pageId="9" pageNumber="130" type="biology_ecology">
<paragraph pageId="9" pageNumber="130">Biology.</paragraph>
<paragraph lastPageId="10" lastPageNumber="131" pageId="9" pageNumber="130">
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Chrysomelidae" genus="Gallerucida" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Gallerucida flaviventris" order="Coleoptera" pageId="9" pageNumber="130" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="flaviventris">Gallerucida flaviventris</taxonomicName>
populations are presumably univoltine. The following life cycle information is based on our (TCRT) observations (
<bibRefCitation author="Lee, C-F" journalOrPublisher="Sishou-Hills Insect Observation Network, New Taipei City" pageId="28" pageNumber="149" title="The Chrysomelidae of Taiwan 3." year="2016">Lee et al. 2016</bibRefCitation>
). Females began to deposit an average of 80 eggs in single egg mass (Fig. 5A) during late March.
<pageBreakToken pageId="10" pageNumber="131" start="start">Eggs</pageBreakToken>
hatched in 11 days. The larvae (Fig. 5B) fed on leaves and the larval duration was 14 days. Mature larvae (Fig. 5C) burrowed into soil and built underground chambers for pupation. Duration of the pupal stage (Fig. 5D) was 15-18 days. Newly emerged adults appeared during spring and were active (Fig. 5
<normalizedToken originalValue="E">E-</normalizedToken>
5F) during summer and autumn.
</paragraph>
<caption pageId="10" pageNumber="131">
<paragraph pageId="10" pageNumber="131">
Figures 5. Field photographs of
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Chrysomelidae" genus="Gallerucida" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Gallerucida flaviventris" order="Coleoptera" pageId="10" pageNumber="131" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="flaviventris">Gallerucida flaviventris</taxonomicName>
(Baly). A Egg mass B Early instar larvae C Mature larvae D Pupa E Adult, typical form F Adult, color variation.
</paragraph>
</caption>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="11" pageNumber="132" type="remarks">
<paragraph pageId="11" pageNumber="132">
<pageBreakToken pageId="11" pageNumber="132" start="start">Remarks</pageBreakToken>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="11" pageNumber="132">
When
<bibRefCitation author="Lee, C-F" journalOrPublisher="The Coleopterist Bulletin" pageId="27" pageNumber="148" pagination="143 - 151" title="The genus Sphenoraia Clark, 1865 (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae: Galerucinae) in Taiwan, with description of a new species." url="https://doi.org/10.1649/0010-065X-68.1.143" volume="68" year="2014">Lee (2014)</bibRefCitation>
described
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Chrysomelidae" genus="Sphenoraia" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Sphenoraia chujoi" order="Coleoptera" pageId="11" pageNumber="132" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="chujoi">Sphenoraia chujoi</taxonomicName>
, the character of the metasternum was overlooked. This species is certainly attributed to
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Chrysomelidae" genus="Gallerucida" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Gallerucida flaviventris" order="Coleoptera" pageId="11" pageNumber="132" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="flaviventris">Gallerucida flaviventris</taxonomicName>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection lastPageId="12" lastPageNumber="133" pageId="11" pageNumber="132" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph pageId="11" pageNumber="132">Other material examined.</paragraph>
<paragraph lastPageId="12" lastPageNumber="133" pageId="11" pageNumber="132">
CHINA. Anhui: 1♂ (CAS), Tung-Lu, 30.III.1926, leg. D. E. Wright; Fujian: 3♂♂ (TARI), Jiuxianshan [九仙山], 22.VI.2014; 1♂, 2♀♀ (TARI), same locality, 14.VI.2015; Guanxi: 1♂ (TARI), Dayaoshan [大瑤山], 16.IV.2016; Hong Kong: 1♀ (BMNH); Sichuan: 1♂ (CAS), Chang-Tau-Ching, 18.VII.1948, leg. Gressitt &amp; Djou; Zhejiang: 1♂ (BPBM), Hangchow [= Hangzhou,
<normalizedToken originalValue="杭州">杭州</normalizedToken>
], 2.VII.1924, leg. J. F. Illingworth; 2♂♂ (1♂: BPBM; 1♂: KMNH), same but with &quot;3.IV.1924; TAIWAN. Taipei: 1♂, 2♀♀ (TARI), Lengshuikeng [冷水坑], 4-5.VII.2009, leg. J.-C. Chen; 1♀ (TARI), Mientienshan [面天山], 22.X.2011, leg. M.-H. Tsou; 31 exs., (TARI), Neishuanghsi [內雙溪], reared from
<pageBreakToken pageId="12" pageNumber="133" start="start">eggs</pageBreakToken>
, 12-17.V.2010, leg. M.-H. Tsou; 3♂♂, 2♀♀ (TARI), Tatunhsi trail [大屯溪古道], 28.V.2013, leg. H. Lee; 1♀ (TARI), Tatunshan [大屯山], 26.V.2010, leg. S.-F. Yu; 1♂ (TARI), Tienhsiyuan [=天溪園], 8.V.2015, leg. H. Lee; 1♂ (TARI), Yangmingshan [陽明山], 6.X.2008, leg. J.-C. Chen; Taitung: 1♂, 3♀♀ (EUMJ), Luye (鹿野), 8.IV.2012, leg. Yamasako; Taoyuan: 1♂ (TARI), Hsuanhuan [萱源], 13.V.2010, leg. S.-F. Yu.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="12" pageNumber="133" type="distribution">
<paragraph pageId="12" pageNumber="133">Distribution.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="12" pageNumber="133">China, Taiwan.</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>